4,809 results on '"mosquitos"'
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102. Nuevos registros de distribución para Uranotaenia sapphirina (Osten Sacken, 1868) (Diptera: Culicidae) en Quintana Roo, México
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Cassandra González-Acosta, Pedro C. Mis Ávila, Ángel S. Gómez-Rivera, Xinia Yazmín López-Sosa, Fabián Correa-Morales, Karla Leticia Canto-Mis, and Rahuel J. Chan-Chable
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mosquitos ,uranotaeniini ,QL1-991 ,Science ,distribución ,General Medicine ,Zoology - Abstract
Se realizaron colectas de larvas de culícidos en tres localidades del estado de Quintana Roo, México (Leona Vicario, Cacao y Ramonal) durante los meses de abril y mayo de 2021. Se identificó la especie Uranotaenia sapphirina, con lo cual se aportan nuevas localidades y se actualiza la lista de culícidos presentes en Quintana Roo a 87 especies.
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- 2021
103. Smoke Bombs, Ovitraps and Other Low Environmental Impact Tools for Controlling Kissing Bugs and Mosquitoes
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Reynoso, Mercedes M.N., Alzogaray, Raúl A., Harburguer, Laura V., Gonzalez, Paula V., Lucía, Alejandro, Masuh, Héctor M., Roca Acevedo, Gonzalo, Santo Orihuela, Pablo L., Toloza, Ariel C., Vassena, Claudia V., Zerba, Eduardo N., Reynoso, Mercedes M.N., Alzogaray, Raúl A., Harburguer, Laura V., Gonzalez, Paula V., Lucía, Alejandro, Masuh, Héctor M., Roca Acevedo, Gonzalo, Santo Orihuela, Pablo L., Toloza, Ariel C., Vassena, Claudia V., and Zerba, Eduardo N.
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The Triatoma infestans bedbug (known in Argentina as “vinchuca”) and four species of mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis and An. darlingi) are the main insect vectors of disease in Argentina. Since 1977, the Argentine Pest and Insecticide Research Center (CIPEIN) has been doing research on these insects and developing products for their control that have a low impact on human health and the environment. Recognized as a Reference Center by the Pan American Health Organization and the World Health Organization, CIPEIN was a pioneer in the development of insecticide products in Latin America. The aim of this article is to review the status of the health issues involving kissing bugs and mosquitoes in Argentina and to describe the main contributions of CIPEIN to their study and control., La chinche Triatoma infestans (conocida en Argentina como “vinchuca”) y cuatro especies de mosquitos (Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis y An. darlingi) son los principales insectos vectores de enfermedades en el territorio argentino. Desde 1977, el Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas de Argentina (CIPEIN) investiga a estos insectos y desarrolla productos para controlarlos con un bajo impacto para la salud humana y el ambiente. Reconocido como Centro de Referencia por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud y la Organización Mundial de la Salud, el CIPEIN fue pionero en el desarrollo de productos insecticidas en América Latina. El objetivo de este artículo es reseñar la situación de la problemática sanitaria que involucra a vinchucas y mosquitos en Argentina, y describir los principales aportes del CIPEIN en su estudio y control., O hematófago Triatoma infestans (conhecido na Argentina como “vinchuca”) e quatro espécies de mosquitos (Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis e An. darlingi) são os principais insetos vetores de doenças no território argentino. Desde 1977, o Centro Argentino de Investigação de Pragas e Inseticidas (CIPEIN) investiga esses insetos e desenvolve produtos para controlá-los com baixo impacto na saúde humana e no meio ambiente. Reconhecido como Centro de Referência pela Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde e pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, o CIPEIN foi pioneiro no desenvolvimento de produtos inseticidas na América Latina. O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma revisão da situação do problema de saúde envolvendo barbeiros e mosquitos na Argentina e descrever as principais contribuições da CIPEIN no seu estudo e controlo.
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- 2022
104. Immatures of Wyeomyia (Tryamyia) aporonoma (Diptera: Culicidae) Collected in Artificial Breeding in the South Brazil
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Allan Martins da Silva, Roderlei Araújo, and Enéas Cordeiro Souza Filho
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culicinae ,entomological surveillance ,mosquitoes ,sabethini ,vector ecology ,ecologia de vetores ,mosquitos ,vigilância entomológica ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 ,Botany ,QK1-989 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Abstract. Reported is a date of immature forms of Wyeomyia (Triamyia) aporonoma Dyar & Knab in artificial container, associated with Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) is provided. The record was made during entomological survey at the municipality of Matinhos, littoral of the state of Paraná, Brazil. Imaturos de Wyeomyia (Tryamyia) aporonoma (Diptera: Culicidae) coletados em criadouro artificial no Sul do Brasil Resumo. Relata-se o encontro de formas imaturas de Wyeomyia (Triamyia) aporonoma Dyar & Knab em recipiente artificial, associado ao Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse), durante inquérito entomológico no município Matinhos, litoral do estado do Paraná, Brasil.
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- 2016
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105. Comparing the egg ultrastructure of three Psorophora ferox (Diptera: Culicidae) populations
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C. F. Mello, J. R. Santos-Mallet, A. Tátila-Ferreira, and J. Alencar
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microscopia eletrônica de varredura ,mosquitos ,Aedini ,morfometria ,ovo ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Abstract Characterising the external morphology of mosquito eggs is important, since it facilitates the identification of material from breeding sites and contributes to the understanding of species biology and group systematics. Therefore, was to compare eggs from different Psorophora ferox populations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Eggs were obtained from adult female of Ps. ferox collected in the Poços das Antas Biological Reserve (Reserva Biológica de Poços das Antas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). From each female, one portion of eggs (n = 5) was reared for identification purposes, and the second portion (n = 10) was examined using SEM for morphometric analysis. The egg morphology was then compared to that of eggs from Ps. ferox populations in Florida (USA) and Arena (Trinidad). The exochorion ornamentation of the populations differs considerably in the morphology of the tubercles of the chorionic cells, external chorionic reticulum, micropylar collar, and micropyle.
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- 2017
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106. New Host Records for Haemoproteus spp. (Apicomplexa: Haemosporidiasina) in Passeriformes from North-west of Iran
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Leila Nourani, Mansour Aliabadian, Navid Dinparast-Djadid, and Omid Mirshamsi
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Mosquitos ,Hippoboscidae ,Ceratopogonidae ,Plasmodium ,Blood parasites ,Pathology ,RB1-214 - Abstract
Background: The intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Haemoproteus occur in different avian hosts all over the world. Various genus of blood sucking insects’ families such as Hippoboscidae and Ceratopogonidae could transmit Haemoproteus in avian hosts. There are very limited number of studies on wild infected birds with blood parasites in Iran, so the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Haemoproteus spp. infection in passerine birds from northwest of Iran. Methods: Passerines were collected from four different localities in Zanjan Province, northwest Iran during June to August 2014. Results: Of 86 passerines, we found Haemoproteus infection in 19 (22.09%) individuals. In general, 15 bird species were observed for haemosporidians, of which 53% were infected. Conclusion: Three species of passerines: Petronia petronia, Sitta tephronota and Acrocephalus melanopogon are new host records for Haemoproteus infection in the world. Results acquired by this study support widespread distribution of Haemoproteus in passerines and illustrated the prevalence of Haemoproteus species in wild birds of northwest of Iran. Conclusively, our study specified that more investigations are needed to reach exact prevalence rate in different families of birds in Iran.
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- 2017
107. Factores reguladores de la densidad de Wolbachia en poblaciones argentinas de mosquitos vectores de patógenos
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Chuchuy, Ailén, Micieli, María Victoria, and Rodriguero, Marcela Silvina
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mosquitos ,Ciencias Naturales ,Aedes albopictus ,Wolbachia - Abstract
La creciente expansión de los mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) vectores ha convertido a las enfermedades arbovirales, cuyos agentes patogénicos son transmitidos por estos insectos, en una amenaza mundial para la salud pública, lo que lleva a la necesidad urgente del control eficaz de dichas poblaciones. En comparación con las estrategias de control que implican organismos modificados genéticamente o el uso de insecticidas químicos que han generado resistencia en poblaciones de mosquitos, la bacteria intracelular Wolbachia, que evita que los virus se repliquen dentro de éstos, se considera una estrategia de biocontrol ecológica, segura para humanos y potencialmente rentable para reemplazar la población objetivo y de esta manera controlar las enfermedades arbovirales. Para proporcionar información que permita comprender hasta qué punto Wolbachia podría modular la competencia vectorial e informar sobre la utilidad del uso de infecciones heterólogas (transinfecciones) de esta bacteria para el control biológico se plantearon los siguientes objetivos: (1) Detección de la infección con Wolbachia en poblaciones de Aedes albifasciatus, Aedes fluviatilis, Aedes albopictus y complejo Culex pipiens de Argentina, determinación de su prevalencia y caracterización molecular de las cepas halladas; (2) Determinación de los niveles de variación de la densidad de Wolbachia de acuerdo al tejido en el que se aloja la infección y la edad del insecto en Ae. albopictus, (3) Determinación de la influencia de la temperatura ambiental en la prevalencia de la infección con Wolbachia y (4) Caracterización biológica y de la competencia vectorial de las especies de importancia sanitaria que se hallen infectadas con Wolbachia. Se llevó a cabo la colecta de individuos de Ae. albifasciatus y complejo Cx. pipiens en la provincia de Buenos Aires, y Ae. fluviatilis y Ae. albopictus en la provincia de Misiones. Aedes albifasciatus fue la única especie en la que no se detectó la presencia de Wolbachia. En las restantes se detectaron cuatros cepas: wAlbA y wAlbB en Ae. albopictus, wFlu en Ae. fluviatilis y wPip en el complejo Cx. pipiens. Todas resultaron fijadas o cercanas a la fijación y se agruparon en el supergrupo B, con excepción de wAlbA, la cual pertenece al supergrupo A. Aedes albopictus fue la única en la que se halló un polimorfismo en la infección, detectándose individuos no infectados, con infección simple (wAlbA o wAlbB) o superinfectados (wAlbA y wAlbB), siendo estos últimos los más frecuentes. Se determinó la densidad de las cepas de Wolbachia de Ae. albopictus, revelándose diferencias en cuanto a la localización en los tejidos somático y ovárico de las hembras, y una constancia de la densidad de wAlbB en función de la longevidad de los machos. Además, se estudió si la temperatura ambiental influye en la prevalencia de Wolbachia en larvas de Ae. fluviatilis y del complejo Cx. pipiens. Los resultados indicaron que no fue posible establecer una relación entre la temperatura y la frecuencia de infección con la bacteria en estas especies. Por último, se estudiaron los parámetros poblacionales y la competencia vectorial de Ae. albopictus, especie de mosquito que presentó un polimorfismo en la infección con Wolbachia. La medición de sus parámetros poblaciones indicaron una baja tasa de eclosión de huevos, alta supervivencia larval y mayor longevidad del sexo femenino, el cual también resultó en mayor proporción respecto al masculino; se evaluó la competencia vectorial para los virus dengue y Chikungunya, concluyéndose que Ae. albopictus es poco competente para la transmisión de ambos. Estos resultados se consideran un antecedente para evaluar, en estudios futuros, si estos parámetros pueden estar alterados por la presencia de Wolbachia. Esta tesis aportó información sobre las cepas de Wolbachia halladas en poblaciones naturales argentinas de mosquitos que pueden ser utilizadas en el futuro en infecciones heterólogas. Además, se incrementó el conocimiento sobre la biología de una población de Ae. albopictus infectada con Wolbachia en un área de reciente introducción como Argentina., Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo
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- 2022
108. Entomological survey of the potential vectors of Rift Valley fever virus and absence of detection of the virus genome from the vectors in various niches in the southern half of the Great Rift Valley of Ethiopia
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Megarsa Bedasa Jaleta, Mehari Tefera, Haileleul Negussie, Tesfaye Mulatu, Tsega Berhe, Fasika Belete, Bekele Yalew, Oda Gizaw, Golo Dabasa, Fufa Abunna, Fikru Regassa, Kebede Amenu, and Samson Leta
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Science & Technology ,genome detection ,CULEX ,Rift Valley Fever ,General Veterinary ,TRANSMISSION ,CATTLE ,MOSQUITOS ,mosquito ,Mosquito Vectors ,Genome, Viral ,Rift Valley fever virus ,COMPETENCE ,RISK ZONES ,Culicidae ,CULICIDAE ,habitats ,RVF virus ,Humans ,Animals ,DIPTERA ,Ethiopia ,Veterinary Sciences ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is the cause of one of the most important mosquito-borne emerging diseases negatively affecting the health of humans and animals, particularly in Africa. In Ethiopia, the status of RVFV and the existence of potential vectors are unknown. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to survey the mosquito vectors of RVFV and the detection of the virus in selected sites (Batu, Hawassa, Arba Minch and Borana) in Ethiopia. METHODS: CDC light traps baited with the sugar-yeast solution were set up at various locations for a total of 29 trap nights. Mosquitoes identification were made morphologically using a stereomicroscope and for RVFV detection by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: Among a total of 132 trap efforts conducted, 60 (45%) captured the mosquitoes. A total of 1576 adult mosquitoes were collected and identified. Including Aedes (n = 407; 25.8%), Anopheles (n = 493; 32.3%), Culex (n = 466; 29.6%) and Mansonia (n = 210; 13.32%). The genome material of RVFV was not detected by RT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS: The existence of a potential Aedes species may pose a risk for the occurrence of the RVF outbreak in Ethiopia. Based on the current study, we recommend further monitoring for potential mosquito vectors of RVFV, particularly with a view to targeting the seasons during which the mosquitoes can be abundant along with a serological survey of susceptible hosts. ispartof: VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SCIENCE vol:8 issue:6 pages:2716-2725 ispartof: location:England status: published
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- 2022
109. Actividad larvicida de Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bacillaceae) combinado con extractos vegetales para el control biológico de Aedes aegypti (Culicidae)
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Sanabria-Jimenez, Sebastián and Lozano, Lucía C.
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mosquitos ,vectors ,binary mixtures ,mezclas binarias ,dengue fever ,bioassays ,dengue ,vectores ,bioensayos ,mosquitoes - Abstract
Aedes aegypti transmits viruses that cause diseases such as dengue, yellow fever, Zika and chikungunya. Chemical pesticides have been used to control this vector, but mosquitoes have developed resistance to insecticides. Biological control with microorganisms and plant extracts are effective alternatives for the management of insect vector populations and introduce less pollutants into the environment. The objective of this research was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) and extracts of Annona muricata, Ricinus communis and Sapindus saponaria for the biological control of A. aegypti larvae. For this, ethanolic extracts of seeds or fruits of the three plant species were obtained and lethal concentrations for 50% mortality of the extracts and bacteria were determined. Subsequently, combinations of the extracts with Bti were made and the interactions were evaluated. Both bacteria and plant extracts showed larvicidal activity. Mixtures of Bti with the ethanolic extracts of R. communis and S. saponaria generated an antagonistic effect, while in combination with ethanolic extracts of A. muricata presented an independent action effect. Therefore, the addition of the ethanolic extract of A. muricata seeds to sporulated cultures of Bti could be considered more effective for the biological control of A. aegypti than with each compound separately. Resumen El díptero Aedes aegypti es trasmisor de virus causantes de enfermedades como dengue, fiebre amarilla, Zika y chikunguña; para el control de este vector se utilizan pesticidas químicos frente a los cuales los mosquitos han generado resistencia. El control biológico con microorganismos y extractos vegetales es una alternativa de manejo de las poblaciones de insectos vectores efectiva y menos contaminante para el ambiente. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la actividad larvicida de mezclas de Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) y extractos de Annona muricata, Ricinus communis y Sapindus saponaria para el control biológico de larvas de A. aegypti. Para ello se obtuvieron extractos etanólicos de semillas o frutos de las tres especies vegetales y se determinaron las concentraciones letales 50 de los extractos y la bacteria. Posteriormente se realizaron combinaciones de los extractos con Bti y se evaluó el efecto de dichas interacciones. Tanto la bacteria como los extractos vegetales presentaron actividad larvicida. Se encontró que las mezclas de Bti con el extracto etanólico de R. communis y S. saponaria generaron un efecto antagónico, mientras que la combinación con A. muricata presentó una acción independiente. La adición del extracto etanólico de semillas de A. muricata a cultivos esporulados de Bti se podría considerar una alternativa más efectiva para el control biológico de A. aegypti que con cada uno de estos compuestos por separado.
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- 2022
110. Presencia de mosquitos silvestres transmisores de la fiebre amarilla en Santo Tomé, Corrientes
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Leporace, Marina, Micieli, Maria Victoria, Acardi, Soraya, Caballero, Maria Silvia, Rios, Azucena, and Villarquide, Maria Lucrecia
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MOSQUITOS ,INVESTIGACION ,FIEBRE AMARILLA - Abstract
Fil: Leporace, Marina. Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud. Fundación Barceló; Argentina. Fil: Micieli, Maria Victoria. Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud. Fundación Barceló; Argentina. La Fiebre Amarilla (FA) es una enfermedad zoonótica. Presenta dos ciclos de transmisión: uno urbano con el hombre como hospedador y Ae. aegypti vector; y uno selvático donde el hospedador es el mono con vectores de los géneros Haemagogus y Sabethes en Sudamérica. Argentina no registró casos de FA en los últimos años, no obstante estados brasileros limítrofes registran circulación viral desde 2018. Nuestro objetivo fue caracterizar la comunidad de culícidos presentes en las áreas periurbanas y silvestres próximas a la ciudad de Santo Tomé, Corrientes mediante búsqueda activa de adultos durante la estación cálida. Se seleccionaron dos áreas con presencia de monos, una urbana (peridomicilio cercano a la costa del Río Uruguay) y una silvestre (reserva natural Taji Poty (RNTP)). Se realizaron capturas de culícidos mediante aspiradores manuales y a batería de 10 a 15 hs, 2 días consecutivos (1 por área), en diciembre 2020, febrero/marzo y diciembre 2021, y de enero a marzo 2022. En diciembre 2020 en la RNTP se capturaron 3 especies de culícidos de importancia sanitaria: Aedes albopictus, Aedes scapularis y Mansonia. pseudotitillans. En febrero/marzo 2021 en la RNTP: Sabethes albiprivus, Ae. scapularis y Ma. pseudotitillans. En peridomicilio se capturaron Aedes. aegypti y Ae. scapularis. Para diciembre 2021 en la RNTP: Ae. scapularis, Sa. albiprivus, Psorophora albigenus varipes, Anopheles sp, Culex. quinquefasciatus, Psorophora pallescens, y un ejemplar sin identificar; en peridomicilio solo Ae. scapularis. En enero y febrero de 2022 no se registraron capturas, concomitante al desastre ígneo en Corrientes. En marzo se capturó 1 ejemplar de Ma. pseudotitillans en la RNTP. La presencia de Sa. albiprivus y Ae. albopictus implica la posibilidad de mantener un ciclo silvestre de FA ante la llegada del virus en la región. La abundancia de Ae. scapularis en los muestreos, abre interrogantes sobre su rol vectorial en la zona conociéndose su competencia para la transmisión del virus de FA en Brasil. Por otro lado, el hallazgo de otras especies de importancia sanitaria advierte la posible aparición de nuevas arbovirosis, incrementando la necesidad de actividades de prevención en la comunidad.
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- 2022
111. Characterisation of the RNA Virome of Nine Ochlerotatus Species in Finland
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Phuoc T. Truong Nguyen, C. Lorna Culverwell, Maija T. Suvanto, Essi M. Korhonen, Ruut Uusitalo, Olli Vapalahti, Teemu Smura, Eili Huhtamo, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Medicum, HUSLAB, Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty Common Matters (Faculty of Medicine), Helsinki One Health (HOH), Department of Geosciences and Geography, Veterinary Microbiology and Epidemiology, Olli Pekka Vapalahti / Principal Investigator, and HUS Diagnostic Center
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11832 Microbiology and virology ,RNA virus ,Ochlerotatus ,Sindbis virus ,INKOO VIRUS ,mosquito virome ,MOSQUITOS ,TAXONOMY ,Aedini ,SEQUENCE ,EVOLUTION ,GENOME ,NGS ,Finland ,Infectious Diseases ,Virology ,CELLS ,ORBIVIRUS ,DIPTERA ,3111 Biomedicine ,FLAVIVIRUSES - Abstract
RNA viromes of nine commonly encountered Ochlerotatus mosquito species collected around Finland in 2015 and 2017 were studied using next-generation sequencing. Mosquito homogenates were sequenced from 91 pools comprising 16–60 morphologically identified adult females of Oc. cantans, Oc. caspius, Oc. communis, Oc. diantaeus, Oc. excrucians, Oc. hexodontus, Oc. intrudens, Oc. pullatus and Oc. punctor/punctodes. In total 514 viral Reverse dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) sequences of 159 virus species were recovered, belonging to 25 families or equivalent rank, as follows: Aliusviridae, Aspiviridae, Botybirnavirus, Chrysoviridae, Chuviridae, Endornaviridae, Flaviviridae, Iflaviridae, Negevirus, Partitiviridae, Permutotetraviridae, Phasmaviridae, Phenuiviridae, Picornaviridae, Qinviridae, Quenyavirus, Rhabdoviridae, Sedoreoviridae, Solemoviridae, Spinareoviridae, Togaviridae, Totiviridae, Virgaviridae, Xinmoviridae and Yueviridae. Of these, 147 are tentatively novel viruses. One sequence of Sindbis virus, which causes Pogosta disease in humans, was detected from Oc. communis from Pohjois-Karjala. This study greatly increases the number of mosquito-associated viruses known from Finland and presents the northern-most mosquito-associated viruses in Europe to date.
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- 2022
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112. Taxonomic composition and feeding habits of Chironomidae in Cerrado streams (Southeast Brazil): impacts of land use changes
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Victor Satoru Saito and Alaíde Aparecida Fonseca-Gessner
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insetos aquáticos ,mosquitos ,impactos ambientais ,composição faunística ,grupos funcionais ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
The Chironomidae family is the most abundant and diverse member of the benthic community in streams, yet their identification is still neglected in many papers. It is considered a family tolerant to environmental impacts and with homogeneous feeding habit. AIM: To compare the richness, abundance and taxonomic composition of Chironomidae in Cerrado streams under different land uses as well as the feeding habit differences between genera of reference areas, sugar cane culture and pasture. METHODS: We selected seven streams in each land use and sampled six units using Surber sampler. The material was transported live for laboratory processing. RESULTS: Our results showed no significant differences in abundance and richness of Chironomidae among different land use, but we observed greater average values of abundance and richness in streams impacted by pasture. We found a distinct taxonomic composition between reference streams and impacted streams, both sugar cane and pasture. Stenochironomus was the most representative genus in reference areas, while Parametriocnemus was in sugar cane culture and Tanytarsus in pastures. The only statistically different feeding pattern found were between Cerrado streams and sugar cane for plant tissues, reflecting the greater abundance of Stenochironomus in Cerrado and among Cerrado streams and pasture for microalgae. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the conversion of natural areas in monocultures and pastures directly impact streams by modifying the taxonomic structure of Chironomidae. In contrast we did not observe a clear change in feeding patterns, because in all streams the diet pattern was mostly detritivorous.
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- 2014
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113. Captura de mosquitos antropofílicos (Diptera, Culicidae) em uma área urbana da região oeste da Bahia, Brasil
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Isana M. dos Santos and Daniéla Calado
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Mosquitos ,Culex ,insetos vetores ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
A região oeste da Bahia passa por acelerado processo de desenvolvimento agrícola, o que tem gerado problemas de infraestrutura nos municípios. A falta de saneamento básico e de coleta dos resíduos são alguns desses problemas, os quais têm papel importante no aumento de criadouros disponíveis aos culicídeos. Assim, considerando as possibilidades de contato entre vetor e população humana, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a fauna de culicíeos adultos em uma área urbana no oeste da Bahia e verificar a presença de espécies de interesse em saúde pública. As amostragens de mosquitos adultos foram realizadas no município de Barreiras, de fevereiro de 2009 a janeiro de 2010, das 17h30min às 21h00min. Ao total foram capturados 1.744 mosquitos e oito gêneros foram identificados: Aedes, Coquilletidia, Culex, Limatus, Mansonia, Ochlerotatus, Psorophora e Uranotaenia. Culex quinquefasciatus foi a espécie mais frequente e abundante. Outras espécies encontradas, e que apresentam importância epidemiológica, foram Aedes aegypti e Ochlerotatus scapularis. Considerando que muitas espécies coletadas em Barreiras possuem importância epidemiológica e ocorrem mesmo durante a estação seca devido à ausência de saneamento básico, é importante que os municípios da região oeste da Bahia sejam alvo constante das atividades de vigilância epidemiológica.
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- 2014
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114. Evaluating Differences in Whole Blood, Serum, and Urine Screening Tests for Zika Virus, Puerto Rico, USA, 2016
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Gilberto A. Santiago, Laura Adams, Candimar Colón, Freddy A. Medina, Brenda Rivera-Garcia, Carmen Deseda, Carrie K. Shapiro-Mendoza, Miguel Valencia-Prado, Sascha R. Ellington, Samantha M. Olson, Denise J. Jamieson, Sonia Bakkour, Mary M. Goodwin, Betsy A. Schroeder, Caitlin S. Pedati, Jennifer S. Read, Dana Meaney-Delman, Margaret A. Honein, Janice Perez-Padilla, Romeo R. Galang, Asher Y. Rosinger, Lyle R. Petersen, Regina M. Simeone, and Jorge L. Muñoz-Jordán
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mosquitos ,Microbiology (medical) ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Urine screening ,Epidemiology ,030231 tropical medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Urine ,Asymptomatic ,Disease Outbreaks ,Zika virus ,mosquito-borne diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,vector-borne diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,viruses ,NAAT ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ,Whole blood ,nucleic acid amplification testing ,outbreak ,biology ,Zika Virus Infection ,business.industry ,Puerto Rico ,whole blood ,Dispatch ,Outbreak ,Zika Virus ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,United States ,zoonoses ,PCR ,Infectious Diseases ,Evaluating Differences in Whole Blood, Serum, and Urine Screening Tests for Zika Virus, Puerto Rico, 2016 ,Medicine ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
We evaluated nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) for Zika virus on whole-blood specimens compared with NAAT on serum and urine specimens among asymptomatic pregnant women during the 2015–2016 Puerto Rico Zika outbreak. Using NAAT, more infections were detected in serum and urine than in whole blood specimens.
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- 2021
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115. Evidence of Zika Virus Infection in Pigs and Mosquitoes, Mexico
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Julian E. Garcia-Rejon, Guadalupe Reyes-Solis, Chandra Tandugu, Carlos M. Baak-Baak, Carlos Machain-Williams, Rosa C. Cetina-Trejo, Antonio Ortega-Pacheco, Emily Zamudio-Moreno, Bradley J. Blitvich, Gerardo Suzán, Nohemi Cigarroa-Toledo, and Daniel Nunez-Avellaneda
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mosquitos ,Microbiology (medical) ,Swine ,Epidemiology ,Culex ,viruses ,030231 tropical medicine ,lcsh:Medicine ,Mosquito Vectors ,Zika virus ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,mosquito-borne diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,flavivirus ,Aedes ,vector-borne diseases ,Animals ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Evidence of Zika Virus Infection in Pigs and Mosquitoes, Mexico ,Mexico ,biology ,Zika Virus Infection ,lcsh:R ,Dispatch ,pigs ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,zoonoses ,Flavivirus ,Infectious Diseases ,biology.protein ,Antibody - Abstract
Evidence suggests that pigs seroconvert after experimental exposure to Zika virus and are potential sentinels. We demonstrate that pigs are also susceptible to natural Zika virus infection, shown by the presence of antibodies in domestic pigs in Yucatan, Mexico. Zika virus RNA was detected in 5 species of mosquitoes collected inside pigpens.
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- 2021
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116. Aedes aegypti SGS1 is critical for Plasmodium gallinaceum infection of both the mosquito midgut and salivary glands
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Bianca B. Kojin, Eric Calvo, Ines Martin-Martin, Margareth Lara Capurro, Zach N. Adelman, Brian Bonilla, Helena R. C. Araújo, and Alvaro Molina-Cruz
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0301 basic medicine ,lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,lcsh:RC955-962 ,030231 tropical medicine ,MOSQUITOS ,Plasmodium gallinaceum ,Aedes aegypti ,Mosquito Vectors ,Salivary Glands ,Microbiology ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Oocyst ,0302 clinical medicine ,stomatognathic system ,Aedes ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Parasite hosting ,Animals ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Salivary Proteins and Peptides ,Midguts ,Salivary gland ,biology ,SGS1 ,Research ,fungi ,Midgut ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Malaria ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Parasitology ,Sporozoites ,Vector (epidemiology) ,Insect Proteins ,Female ,Sequence Alignment - Abstract
BackgroundThe invasion of the mosquito salivary glands byPlasmodiumsporozoites is a critical step that defines the success of malaria transmission and a detailed understanding of the molecules responsible for salivary gland invasion could be leveraged towards control of vector-borne pathogens. Antibodies directed against the mosquito salivary gland protein SGS1 have been shown to reducePlasmodium gallinaceumsporozoite invasion ofAedes aegyptisalivary glands, but the specific role of this protein in sporozoite invasion and in other stages of thePlasmodiumlife cycle remains unknown.MethodsRNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9 were used to evaluate the role ofA. aegyptiSGS1 in theP. gallinaceumlife cycle.ResultsKnockdown and knockout of SGS1 disrupted sporozoite invasion of the salivary gland. Interestingly, mosquitoes lacking SGS1 also displayed fewer oocysts. Proteomic analyses confirmed the abolishment of SGS1 in the salivary gland of SGS1 knockout mosquitoes and revealed that the C-terminus of the protein is absent in the salivary gland of control mosquitoes. In silico analyses indicated that SGS1 contains two potential internal cleavage sites and thus might generate three proteins.ConclusionSGS1 facilitates, but is not essential for, invasion ofA. aegyptisalivary glands byP. gallinaceumand has a dual role as a facilitator of parasite development in the mosquito midgut. SGS1 could, therefore, be part of a strategy to decrease malaria transmission by the mosquito vector, for example in a transgenic mosquito that blocks its interaction with the parasite.
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- 2021
117. Timescale Pluralism and Sciences of Time
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Birth, Kevin, Burton, W. Butler, Advisory editor, Arias, Elisa Felicitas, editor, Combrinck, Ludwig, editor, Gabor, Pavel, editor, Hohenkerk, Catherine, editor, and Seidelmann, P. Kenneth, editor
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- 2017
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118. First Record of Anopheles darlingi Root (Diptera, Culicidae) in the Volta Grande Environmental Reserve, Conceição das Alagoas Municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Rafael Martins, Graziella Monteiro, Fábio Costa, and Yasmine Antonini
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Hydropower ,Malaria ,Monitoring ,Mosquitoes ,Vectors ,Hidrelétrica ,Monitoramento ,Mosquitos ,Vetores ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 ,Botany ,QK1-989 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Three specimens of Anopheles darlingi Root were found in the Volta Grande environmental reserve, an area influenced by the Rio Grande dam constructed by the Volta Grande hydroelectric plant in Conceição das Alagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The mosquito An. darlingi is one of the main vectors of human malaria in Brazil due to feeding preference for human blood, a factor that is accentuated by endophilic behavior. The information recorded here may be helpful to local entomological surveillance toward monitoring impacts generated by hydroelectric reservoir formation, as the presence of this vector in this type of environment indicates a potential risk for malaria transmission. Primeiro registro de Anopheles darlingi Root (Diptera, Culicidae) na região do Reservatório de Volta Grande, Conceição das Alagoas, Minas Gerais, Brasil Resumo. Três espécimes de Anopheles darlingi Root foram encontrados na reserva ambiental Volta Grande, na área de influência da barragem do Rio Grande construída pela usina hidrelétrica de Volta Grande, em Conceição das Alagoas, Minas Gerais, Brasil. O mosquito An. darlingi é um dos principais vetores da malária humana no Brasil, devido à sua preferência alimentar por sangue humano, um fator que é acentuado pelo comportamento endofílico da espécie. O presente relato poderá ser útil à vigilância entomológica local para monitoramento dos impactos gerados pela formação do reservatório hidrelétrico, uma vez que a presença deste vetor neste tipo de ambiente indica um risco potencial de transmissão da malária.
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- 2015
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119. Control biológico de culícidos: análisis de la capacidad predatoria de estadios inmaduros de insectos del orden Odonata
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Rippel, Camila Gisel, Schweigmann, Nicolás Joaquín, and Martí, Dardo Andrea
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Control biológico ,Culicidae ,Odonata ,Mosquitos - Abstract
Fil: Rippel, Camila Gisel. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Doctorado en Ciencias Aplicadas; Argentina. Fil: Rippel, Camila Gisel. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas; Argentina. Los mosquitos tienen importancia sanitaria a nivel mundial. La necesidad de estrategias ecológicas para tratar el problema de la proliferación de mosquitos vectores plantea a los enemigos naturales como una opción atractiva. El ciclo de vida de estos insectos incluye una etapa acuática, durante la cual se desarrollan los estadios inmaduros, y es el período durante el cual ocurren muchos de los procesos de regulación de las poblaciones. La predación es considerada como una de las interacciones biológicas más importantes en los ambientes acuáticos. El orden odonata (Insecta) cuenta con estados inmaduros acuáticos y adultos voladores. Si bien en la zona no existen estudios ecológicos sobre la relación predador-presa de odonatos y mosquitos, a nivel mundial se ha evaluado la capacidad de varias especies de odonata. Para evaluar el control de las poblaciones de mosquitos con predadores, es un requisito caracterizar las relaciones tróficas entre especies predador-presa. Las relaciones evolutivas entre especies autóctonas influyen en el control de vectores. Por ello, en primer lugar, se relevó la fauna de Odonata presente en la zona. Se colectaron y criaron larvas y adultos en arroyos y canales de drenaje de la zona sur de la provincia de Misiones. También se relevaron sitios de la ecorregión Selva Paranaense. Se examinaron sitios de cría artificiales (piletas de natación), donde se determinó al mayor nivel taxonómico posible la composición de la entomofauna acompañante, además de odonatos y mosquitos. Luego se determinó la distribución y parcialmente las condiciones de cría de los insectos del orden Odonata, procedimos con la caracterización de la actividad predatoria. La capacidad predatoria de larvas de Odonata sobre culícidos se evaluó en laboratorio y en piletas de natación (criaderos artificiales usados por ambos ordenes). Los ensayos de capacidad y rendimiento de predación se realizaron en un gradiente de condiciones con dificultades variadas. Se evaluó la respuesta funcional para Pantala flavescens (Anisoptera: Libellulidae). Tres formas de observar las presas post-ingesta fueron utilizadas: dos de observación directa (extracción del tubo digestivo y analisis de pellets fecales) y un método de biología molecular (extracción y amplificación del ADN presa del tubo digestivo de odonatos con marcadores del gen mitocondrial Citocromo Oxidasa I). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los odonatos están presentes en diversos ambientes de la provincia de Misiones, incluidos aquellos donde la urbanización avanza. En criaderos artificiales, como las piletas de natación, los estadios inmaduros de Pantala flavescens coexisten con larvas de mosquitos y estos son parte de su dieta. En estos criaderos también se registra la presencia de predadores de los órdenes Hemíptera y Coleoptera. Las larvas de Odonata evaluadas son predadores voraces con una respuesta funcional de tipo II. Los análisis post-ingesta permitieron identificar las larvas consumidas de Culex quinquefasciatus. La coexistencia y regulación de Odonata y mosquitos se da naturalmente cuando las condiciones son favorables. Protegiendo el agua y la vegetación, el control biológico podría ocurrir espontáneamente en zonas biodiversas como la provincia de Misiones. Mosquitoes are a major global health problem. The life cycle of these insects includes an aquatic stage, during which immature stages develop, and is the period during which many of the processes of population regulation occur. Predation is considered one of the most important biological interactions in aquatic environments. Given the need for ecological strategies to address the problem of mosquito proliferation vectors poses natural enemies as an attractive option. The order odonata (Insecta) has immature aquatic states and flying adults. Although there are no ecological studies in the area on the predatory-prey relationship of odonates and mosquitoes, the capacity and efficiency of several odonata species have been evaluated worldwide. For a sustainable biological control program, it is a prerequisite to characterize the trophic relationships between native species. Therefore, in the first place, we surveyed the fauna of Odonata present in the area. Larvae and adults were collected and raised in streams and drainage channels in the southern part of the province of Misiones. Sites from the Selva Paranaense ecoregion were also surveyed. Artificial breeding sites (swimming pools) were examined, where the composition of the accompanying entomofauna was determined at the highest possible taxonomic level, in addition to odonates and mosquitoes. After determining the distribution and partially the breeding conditions of insects of the order Odonata, we proceeded with the characterization of predatory activity. The predatory capacity of Odonata larvae on culicids was evaluated in laboratory and in swimming pools (artificial hatcheries used by both orders). Predation capacity and performance tests were performed on a gradient of conditions with varying difficulties. Functional response was evaluated for Pantala flavescens (Anisoptera: Libellulidae). Finally, different ways of observing the preys after intake were evaluated through dissections, fecal matter and extraction and amplification of the DNA prey of the digestive tract of odonates with markers of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I. The results show that odonates are present in various environments in the province of Misiones, including those where urbanization is advancing. In artificial breeding sites, such as swimming pools, the immature stages of Pantala flavescens coexist with mosquito larvae and these are part of their diet. The presence of predators of the orders Hemíptera and Coleoptera is also recorded in these farms. The predatory capacity of the analyzed Odonata larvae shows that they are voracious predators with a functional response of type II. Post-intake analyses allowed the identification of the larvae consumed by Culex quinquefasciatus. The coexistence and regulation of Odonata and mosquitoes occurs naturally in favorable conditions. Then through protection of water and vegetation, biological control could occur spontaneously in biodiverse areas such as the province of Misiones.
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- 2022
120. Larval Competition Between Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Argentina: Coexistence and Implications in the Distribution of the Asian Tiger Mosquito
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Leporace, Marina, Lizuain, Arturo Andres, Maffey, Lucia, Garzon, Maximiliano, Soto, Danny, Diaz, Paula, Salomon, O. Daniel, Santini, Maria Soledad, and Schweigmann, Nicolas
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ARGENTINA ,MEDICINA ,MOSQUITOS - Abstract
Fil: Leporace, Marina. Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud. Fundación Barceló; Argentina. Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) are worldwide vectors of dengue and yellow fever viruses. These species coexist in many countries and the biotic interactions between them can influence their abundances and distributions. In Argentina, Ae. aegypti is widely distributed in the north and center regions of the country, with temperate and subtropical climate, while both are sympatric only in the northeastern area of the subtropical region. Interspecific and intraspecific larval competition for food was evaluated to assess if their interaction influences on patterns of abundance and distribution. Finite rates of increase and survivorship for each species were estimated and the effects of mosquito density ratio and detritus availability were determined. The Lambda (λ´) index of population performance of both showed there is no competitive exclusion pattern. However, survival of Ae. albopictus was negatively affected by the presence of Ae. aegypti. These results suggest one possible explanation for the codominance pattern of both species display in rural regions of the southernmost distribution of Ae. albopictus in South America. They also show Ae. aegypti as a potential biotic barrier for the expansion of Ae. albopictus as was reported in regions of the United States.
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- 2022
121. Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of cashew nutshell ethanolic extract against mosquito larvae.
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Rodriguez Amado, C. Jesús Rafael, Picanço Souto, C. Raimundo Nonato, Magalhães, Miriam Santos, Escalona Arranz, C. Julio César, and Tavares Carvalho, C. Jose Carlos
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CASHEW tree , *MOSQUITO larvae , *PLANT extracts , *ETHANOL , *ANACARDIUM , *CHEMICALS - Abstract
The goal of this work is to evaluate the chemical composition and the larvicidal activity of an extract from the nutshell (Anacardium occidentale L.) against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. A Hydro-ethanolic extract was prepared by maceration using 1 g of cashew nutshell in 3 mL of ethanol 70 %. The larvicidal effect and the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the extract were evaluated. The extract content includes phenolic compounds, coumarins, quinones, anthocyanidins, triterpenes, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, lipid compounds, aliphatic acids, and terpenoids. The larvicidal activity of the extract (LC50) for A.aegypti was 35,81 ppm and 40,21 ppm for A. aegypti (Macapá and Rockefeller strains), and 21,47 ppm for C.quinquefasciatus. The IC50 for the AChE inhibitory test was 43,27 ± 2,22 ppm. The evaluated extract presents a good AChE inhibitory activity and a potent larvicidal activity. The larvicidal effect could be associated with the AChE inhibitory activity of the extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
122. Chemical control of Aedes aegypti: a review on effects on the environment and human health.
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de Oliveira, Stefany Rodrigues, Caleffe, Ronaldo Roberto Tait, and Conte, Helio
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Copyright of Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental is the property of Revista Eletronica em Gestao, Educacao e Tecnologia Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2017
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123. The community of Diptera (Insecta) colonizing axils of Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don (Araceae), with records of Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in urban areas of Manaus, Amazonas.
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Ferreira-Keppler, Ruth Leila, Neiss, Ulisses Gaspar, da Silva Torreias, Sharlene Roberta, and Menezes Campos, Claudimir
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FOREST management , *RAINWATER analysis , *DIPTERA , *BEHAVIOR - Abstract
Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don grows and proliferates in shaded areas in several forest fragments in urban zones. The adult plant has axils that accumulate rain water (phytotelmata) and serve as breeding sites for several families of aquatic insects. The objective of this study was to determine the composition of the entomofauna associated with water accumulations in axils of A. macrorrhizos in urban areas of Manaus, Brazil. Individuals of A. macrorrhizos were sampled in five forest fragments, between April/2005 and March/2007 in urban areas of Manaus, totaling 184 sampling units. A manual suction hose was used for the removal of entomofauna. A total of 1,941 immatures of Diptera were collected representing the following families: Culicidae (96.5%), Chironomidae (2%), Psychodidae (0.7%), Ephydridae (0.7%) and Corethrellidae (0.1%). Five Culicidae species were identified: Wyeomyia melanocephala Dyar & Knab, 1906 (91.7%), Wy. ypsipola Dyar, 1922 (4.3%), Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) (2.3%), Ae. aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) (1.5%) and Johnbelkinia longipes (Fabricius, 1805) (0.1%). The members of Culicidae were the most abundant, confirming the importance of this group in communities associated with phytotelmata, with a positive relation to the volume of water (p < 0.05). The occurrence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in axils of A. macrorrhizos demonstrates the potential of this Araceae as a breeding site of these medically important species. However, the real contribution of this Araceae in the maintenance and dispersion of populations of these two species of mosquitoes throughout the year should be further studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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124. New Host Records for Haemoproteus Spp. (Apicomplexa: Haemosporidiasina) in Passeriformes from North-West of Iran.
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Nourani, Leila, Aliabadian, Mansour, Dinparast-Djadid, Navid, and Mirshamsi, Omid
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APICOMPLEXA , *BIRD parasites - Abstract
Background: The intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Haemoproteus occur in different avian hosts all over the world. Various genus of blood sucking insects, families such as Hippoboscidae and Ceratopogonidae could transmit Haemoproteus in avian hosts. There are very limited number of studies on wild infected birds with blood parasites in Iran, so the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Haemoproteus spp. infection in passerine birds from northwest of Iran. Methods: Passerines were collected from four different localities in Zanjan Province, northwest Iran during June to August 2014. Results: Of 86 passerines, we found Haemoproteus infection in 19 (22.09%) individuals. In general, 15 bird species were observed for haemosporidians, of which 53% were infected. Conclusion: Three species of passerines: Petronia petronia, Sitta tephronota and Acrocephalus melanopogon are new host records for Haemoproteus infection in the world. Results acquired by this study support widespread distribution of Haemoproteus in passerines and illustrated the prevalence of Haemoproteus species in wild birds of northwest of Iran. Conclusively, our study specified that more investigations are needed to reach exact prevalence rate in different families of birds in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
125. Evaluación de la influencia de Escherichia coli sobre los estados inmaduros de Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) en Girardot, Colombia.
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GARAY-GUTIÉRREZ, LINA MARCELA, PINILLA-AGUDELO, GABRIEL, GARCÍA-SÁNCHEZ, DIANA CAROLINA, and QUINTERO-ESPINOSA, JULIANA
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2017
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126. Composition and diversity of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in urban parks in the South region of the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
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de Carvalho, Gabriela Cristina, Ceretti-Junior, Walter, Barrio-Nuevo, Karolina Morales, Wilk-da-Silva, Ramon, Christe, Rafael Oliveira, de Paula, Marcia Bicudo, Pagotto Vendrami, Daniel, Cristina Multini, Laura, Evangelista, Eduardo, Alves Camargo, Amanda, Freitas Souza, Laura, Bruno Wilke, André Barretto, Medeiros-Sousa, Antonio Ralph, and Toledo Marrelli, Mauro
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MOSQUITOES , *INSECT diversity , *BIOINDICATORS - Abstract
Many parks in the city of São Paulo contain remnants of Atlantic Forest. Of the 30 municipal parks in the South of the city, we investigated two in this study (Santo Dias Park and Shangrilá Park) in order to survey their mosquito fauna and investigate the presence of potential bioindicators of environmental conditions and vectors of human pathogens. Mosquitoes were collected monthly between March 2011 and February 2012 using aspirators, Shannon and CDC traps for adult mosquitoes and larval dippers and suction samplers for immature forms. Sampling effort was evaluated by plotting a species accumulation curve, and total richness was estimated using the first-order jackknife. To compare the diversity between the two parks Shannon and Simpson diversity indexes were calculated. Species similarity was compared by the Sorensen similarity index. In all, 8,850 specimens were sampled in both parks. Collections in Santo Dias Park yielded 1,577 adult mosquitoes and 658 immature individuals distributed in seven genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, Limatus, Mansonia, Toxorhynchites and Wyeomyia) and 27 taxonomic units. Among the adult mosquitoes collected, Culex nigripalpus .and Aedes fluviatilis were the most abundant, while the most abundant immature forms were Cx. imitator, Wy. davisi, Wy. galvaoi and Ae. albopictus. Collections in Shangrilá Park yielded 4,952 adult specimens and 1,663 immature forms distributed in eight genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, Limatus, Mansonia, Toxorhynchites, Uranotaenia and Wyeomyia) and 36 taxonomic units. Species accumulation curves in both parks were close to the asymptote, and the total richness estimate was close to the observed richness. Although the observed species richness was higher in the Shangrilá Park, there was no statistically significant difference between the diversity indexes measured. Regarding species composition, the two sites shared 16 species, including those of epidemiological importance such as Culex nigripalpus, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti. As some of the mosquito taxa found are bioindicators of environmental conditions and have epidemiological potential to carry pathogens, we recommend that urban parks should be included in official mosquito surveillance programs, and regular surveys carried out to detect circulating arboviruses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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127. HEPARAN SULFATE AND CHONDROITIN SULFATE: GENERAL ASPECTS OF THEIR PARTICIPATION DURING Plasmodium falciparum DEVELOPMENT.
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Zea, Erika Francisca Garrido, Orjuela, Raul Leonardo Rocha, and Herrera, Luis Carlos Burgos
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Background: Malaria is one of the most important infectious diseases worldwide due to its high morbidity and mortality rates every year in tropical countries. Despite efforts in malaria research, several mechanisms underlying hostparasite interactions remain unclear, which is a big obstacle for the management and control of malaria. Recently, numerous studies have attempted to provide a better understanding of the physiopathological mechanisms to assist in the design of new drugs, vaccines and transmission blocking agents. These research topics have indicated that glycans are key molecules in the life cycle of the malarial parasites. The aim of this review is to highlight the relevance of glycans for the development and transmission of Plasmodium and to use that information as a valuable research tool to fight malaria. Because glycans play roles in parasite invasion and interactions with the mosquito host, both of which are part of "parasite development", this review seeks to specify the role of glycans in parasite development. Methods: This review was mainly based on research articles published between 1985 and 2015 that were obtained from the PubMed and Embase databases. The keywords used in this search were sulfated glycans, malaria, Anopheles and Plasmodium. Conclusions: Sulfated glycoconjugates are intimately linked to the development, transmission and survival of Plasmodium in the intermediate and definitive hosts. A better understanding of the role of sulfated glycoconjugates in malaria infection would permit the development of new therapeutic strategies and the design of strategies to inhibit parasite transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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128. Nuevas aportaciones al conocimiento de dos especies de culícidos agrestes de España: Aedes (Rusticoidus) refiki Medschid, 1928 y Aedes (Ochlerotatus) pullatus (Coquillett, 1904) (Diptera, Culicidae).
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Rueda, Juan, Hernández, Ramón, and María Alarcón-Elbal, Pedro
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Two species of uncommon mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) were collected during late April and early May 2017, in a mountainous rural area located above 1,500 MASL: Aedes (Rusticoidus) refiki Medschid, 1928 and Aedes (Ochlerotatus) pullatus (Coquillett, 1904). A total of 626 specimens were collected, with larval densities in favor of Ae. refiki (87%). A new larval association between both species, to date unknown, was described. The culicids were located in a normally snowy environment during the winters, in the Alto Tajo Natural Park (Guadalajara, Community of Castilla-La Mancha) and in the Montes Universales (Teruel, Autonomous Community of Aragon). Thus, in this contribution two new provincial records for Guadalajara and Teruel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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129. Contribución al conocimiento de los mosquitos (Diptera, Culicidae) de la Devesa y del Racó de l'Olla, Parque Natural de l'Albufera de Valencia (España).
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Rueda, Juan, Hernández, Ramón, Miquel Benavent, Joan, and Benedito-Durà, Vicent
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A compilation of the results obtained in several projects developed between the years 2004 and 2015 on the presence of the mosquitoes of the family Culicidae in the surroundings of the Devesa and Racó de l'Olla of the Albufera Natural Park of Valencia (Spain). A total of 10 species belonging to five genera (Aedes, Coquillettidia, Culex, Culiseta and Ochlerotatus) were recorded, some of them very characteristic of the environments where they were collected. Different aspects are discussed on the culicid diversity, as well as on the ecological and health interest of the presence of these species. We highlight the presence of the species Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) in a space limited by housing, built in the 1970s, and not collected in the malladas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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130. An Overview of Japanese Encephalitis.
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Money KM, Chauhan L, Piquet AL, Tyler KL, and Pastula DM
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Competing Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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- 2023
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131. PANO PRETO IMPREGNADO COM FUNGO Beauveria bassiana REDUZ A SOBREVIVÊNCIA DE FÊMEAS DE Aedes aegypti
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Adriano Rodrigues de Paula, Anderson Ribeiro, Leila Eid Imad da Silva, and Richard Ian Samuels
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Mosquitos ,fungos ,dengue ,zika ,chikungunya. ,General Works - Abstract
O mosquito Aedes aegypti é o principal vetor das doenças dengue, chikungunya e zika. O presente estudo teve o objetivo avaliar a taxa de sobrevivência de fêmeas de A. aegypti infectadas com o fungo entomopatogênico Beauveria bassiana em condições de laboratório. Para infecção os mosquitos foram expostos, por 48 horas, ao pano preto impregnado com B. bassiana pendurado dentro de um pote de plástico e depois a taxa de sobrevivência foi avaliada diariamente por 7 dias. Os mosquitos expostos ao B. bassiana tiveram, no sétimo dia de avaliação, 16% de sobrevivência, valor significativamente diferente do controle (80% de insetos vivos). O presente estudo mostrou que fêmeas de A. aegypti foram suscetíveis ao fungo B. bassiana. A redução da população de mosquitos A. aegypti diminuirá a transmissão de dengue, chikungunya e zika.
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- 2016
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132. How a Scorpion Toxin Selectively Captures a Prey Sodium Channel: The Molecular and Evolutionary Basis Uncovered
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Bin Gao, Shunyi Zhu, Jan Tytgat, and Steve Peigneur
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Protein Conformation ,Insect ,Predation ,Defensins ,BINDING ,PEPTIDE ,PHYLOGENIES ,Conserved Sequence ,media_common ,Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers ,Genetics & Heredity ,0303 health sciences ,Scorpion toxin ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,030302 biochemistry & molecular biology ,Insect Proteins ,Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,EXPRESSION ,Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Scorpion Venoms ,MOSQUITOS ,Computational biology ,Insect Control ,SEQUENCE ,Evolution, Molecular ,03 medical and health sciences ,Species Specificity ,Genetics ,Animals ,Amino Acid Sequence ,trapping apparatus ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology ,Evolutionary Biology ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,Sodium channel ,Pest control ,Pesticide ,biology.organism_classification ,DEPRESSANT TOXIN ,voltage sensor ,enzyme ,phylogenetic selectivity ,NEUROTOXIN ,INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE ,Arthropod ,depressant beta-toxin ,business ,pest control - Abstract
The growing resistance of insects to chemical pesticides is reducing the effectiveness of conventional methods for pest control and thus, the development of novel insecticidal agents is imperative. Scorpion toxins specific for insect voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) have been considered as one of the most promising insecticide alternatives due to their host specificity, rapidly evoked toxicity, biodegradability, and the lack of resistance. However, they have not been developed for uses in agriculture and public health, mainly because of a limited understanding of their molecular and evolutionary basis controlling their phylogenetic selectivity. Here, we show that the traditionally defined insect-selective scorpion toxin LqhIT2 specifically captures a prey Nav through a conserved trapping apparatus comprising a three-residue-formed cavity and a structurally adjacent leucine. The former serves as a detector to recognize and bind a highly exposed channel residue conserved in insects and spiders, two major prey items for scorpions; and the latter subsequently seizes the "moving" voltage sensor via hydrophobic interactions to reduce activation energy for channel opening, demonstrating its action in an enzyme-like manner. Based on the established toxin-channel interaction model in combination with toxicity assay, we enlarged the toxic spectrum of LqhIT2 to spiders and certain other arthropods. Furthermore, we found that genetic background-dependent cavity shapes determine the species selectivity of LqhIT2-related toxins. We expect that the discovery of the trapping apparatus will improve our understanding of the evolution and design principle of Nav-targeted toxins from a diversity of arthropod predators and accelerate their uses in pest control. ispartof: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION vol:37 issue:11 pages:3149-3164 ispartof: location:United States status: published
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- 2020
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133. Actividad insecticida de los aceites esenciales de Piper aduncum subsp. ossanum y Ocimun basilicum sobre Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus y Culex quinquefasciatus
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Gisel Morejón, Maureen Leyva, Oriela Pino, Juan Payroll, Domingo Montada, Ramón Scull, and María del Carmen Marquetti
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Aedes ,mosquitos ,food.ingredient ,biology ,Piper aduncum ,Traditional medicine ,Culex ,actividad adulticida ,Basilicum ,actividad larvicida ,biology.organism_classification ,Ocimum ,aceites esenciales ,food ,lcsh:QH540-549.5 ,plantas ,lcsh:Zoology ,PEST analysis ,cuba ,lcsh:Ecology ,lcsh:QL1-991 - Abstract
Los mosquitos, constituyen uno de los grupos de mayor importancia médica por su papel preponderante en la transmisión de enfermedades al hombre y a los animales. La búsqueda incesante de nuevas formas de control, es de vital importancia para los programas integrados de plagas. Las plantas, por sus antecedentes en el combate de insectos, constituyen una alternativa viable a estudiar. El objetivo que este trabajo se propuso fue evaluar la actividad insecticida de los aceites esenciales de Piper aduncum subsp. ossanum, y Ocimum basilicum sobre Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762), Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1894) y Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus Say, 1823. Se evaluó la actividad larvicida y adulticida, siguiendo metodologías estandarizadas. Todos los aceites evaluados evidenciaron una significativa actividad larvicida en las poblaciones de mosquitos estudiadas. Las concentraciones letales medias calculadas fueron inferiores a 100 mg/L. Los aceites evaluados presentaron actividad adulticida utilizando botellas y papeles impregnados, las concentraciones que favorecieron el 100 % de derribo de los individuos expuestos a los 30 minutos, oscilaron entre 10 y 60 mg/mL. Los resultados obtenidos con ambos aceites esenciales son los primeros reportes sobre estas tres especies de mosquitos en la región de las Américas incluyendo el Caribe. Se evidencia que los aceites esenciales evaluados pueden ser considerados candidatos promisorios para el control de mosquitos de importancia médica.
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- 2020
134. Primera cita de Culex interrogator (Diptera: Culicidae) para la Hispaniola y actualización del listado de mosquitos de Jarabacoa, República Dominicana
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Rigoberto Fimia-Duarte, Pedro María Alarcón-Elbal, Juan Rueda, María Altagracia Rodríguez Sosa, Yohan Enmanuel Vásquez Bautista, Jesús Confesor Durán Tiburcio, and Roddy Jesús Pichardo Rodríguez
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mosquitos ,biology ,Fauna ,Mosquito breeding ,hispaniola ,Zoology ,Psorophora confinnis ,biology.organism_classification ,Geography ,lcsh:QH540-549.5 ,Aedes scapularis ,vector de enfermedades ,lcsh:Zoology ,Anopheles crucians ,diversidad ,lcsh:Ecology ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,república dominicana ,Culex interrogator - Abstract
Desde que dio inicio el nuevo siglo, varios estudios sobre la culicidofauna de la Hispaniola han elevado el conocimiento de este grupo de artrópodos, muy relevantes desde el punto de vista médico y veterinario. En relación a la diversidad de la familia Culicidae, los hallazgos más recientes se han realizado en el municipio de Jarabacoa, República Dominicana. Con el objetivo de profundizar en la diversidad de los culícidos presentes en esta localidad montañosa de El Cibao, se procedió a la búsqueda de criaderos de mosquitos, sobre todo de origen natural, desde enero de 2018 hasta junio de 2019. La identificación de los especímenes se realizó mediante la utilización de lupa binocular y microscopio, con la ayuda de claves taxonómicas. Se reportan seis nuevas especies para Jarabacoa, sumando un total de 22 para el municipio, sobre las cuales se analizan cuestiones como su bioecología y su papel en la transmisión de agentes patógenos, entre otras. Destaca la presencia de Culex interrogator Dyar y Knab, 1906, especie que se reporta por primera vez en la Hispaniola, y por segunda en el Caribe insular. A pesar de que este culícido no está implicado hasta la fecha en la transmisión de patógenos al ser humano, otras especies encontradas en este estudio como Anopheles crucians Wiedemann, 1828, Aedes scapularis (Rondani, 1848) y Psorophora confinnis (Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891) deben ser tenidas en cuenta en los programas de vigilancia y control, a tenor de su relevancia médica.
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- 2020
135. Comparative efficacy of two pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide nets (Olyset Plus and PermaNet 3.0) against pyrethroid resistant malaria vectors: a non-inferiority assessment
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Corine Ngufor, Josias Fagbohoun, Abel Agbevo, Hanafy Ismail, Joseph D. Challenger, Thomas S. Churcher, Mark Rowland, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
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Pyrethroid resistance ,PermaNet 3.0 ,Insecticide resistance ,Mosquito Control ,Piperonyl Butoxide ,RC955-962 ,Olyset plus ,MOSQUITOS ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Mosquito Vectors ,1117 Public Health and Health Services ,PBO ,PermaNet 3 ,Next generation nets ,1108 Medical Microbiology ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,Tropical Medicine ,qx_600 ,parasitic diseases ,Pyrethroid-PBO ,Anopheles ,Pyrethrins ,Mixture ,Benin ,Animals ,Cove Benin ,LLIN ,Insecticide-Treated Bednets ,Olyset ,Insecticide-treated nets ,Science & Technology ,Research ,wa_240 ,Experimental huts ,Malaria ,Long-lasting insecticidal nets ,Infectious Diseases ,qx_650 ,qx_510 ,Cove ,Parasitology ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,0605 Microbiology - Abstract
Background Pyrethroid-PBO nets were conditionally recommended for control of malaria transmitted by mosquitoes with oxidase-based pyrethroid-resistance based on epidemiological evidence of additional protective effect with Olyset Plus compared to a pyrethroid-only net (Olyset Net). Entomological studies can be used to assess the comparative performance of other brands of pyrethroid-PBO ITNs to Olyset Plus. Methods An experimental hut trial was performed in Cové, Benin to compare PermaNet 3.0 (deltamethrin plus PBO on roof panel only) to Olyset Plus (permethrin plus PBO on all panels) against wild pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) following World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Both nets were tested unwashed and after 20 standardized washes compared to Olyset Net. Laboratory bioassays were also performed to help explain findings in the experimental huts. Results With unwashed nets, mosquito mortality was higher in huts with PermaNet 3.0 compared to Olyset Plus (41% vs. 28%, P Conclusion Olyset Plus outperformed PermaNet 3.0 in terms of its ability to cause greater margins of improved mosquito mortality compared to a standard pyrethroid net, after multiple standardized washes. However, using a margin of non-inferiority defined by the WHO, PermaNet 3.0 was non-inferior to Olyset Plus in inducing mosquito mortality. Considering the low levels of mortality observed and increasing pyrethroid-resistance in West Africa, it is unclear whether either of these nets would demonstrate the same epidemiological impact observed in community trials in East Africa.
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- 2022
136. Productividad de Aedes Aegypti y su relación con los conocimientos, prácticas y creencias de comunidades en Barranquilla y Buenaventura, acerca del agua, mosquitos y enfermedades como Dengue, Zika y Chikungunya
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Potes Cervantes, Dhay Luz and Romero Vivas, Claudia
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Dengue - Barranquilla (Colombia) ,Mosquitos ,Chikungunya - Abstract
Aedes Aegypti, es una de las especies de mosquitos más importantes en salud pública por su implicación en la transmisión de los virus Dengue, Zika y Chikungunya. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar los sitios de cría más productivos de Ae. Aegypti y cómo los conocimientos, prácticas y creencias de los habitantes están relacionados con el establecimiento y transmisión de virus de importancia en los distritos de Barranquilla y Buenaventura, Colombia. Se escogieron tres barrios por ciudad y se tomó una muestra significativa de premisas por barrio donde se aplicó la metodología de productividad de criaderos a través del conteo de pupas. Se aplicó un instrumento cualitativo para obtener información de conocimientos, prácticas y creencias de los habitantes. De esta forma, Ae. Aegypti fue la especie de mosquito más abundante en ambas ciudades, y los tanques de plástico para almacenar agua resultaron ser el tipo de recipientes más productivos. En cuanto a conocimientos en las comunidades los habitantes reconocen el vector en su estado adulto y aunque desarrollan actividades de prevención de inmaduros como lavado y limpieza de recipientes, las acciones de control se centran mayormente en los mosquitos adultos por medio de fumigación principalmente por la molestia con las picaduras. Se encontró desconocimiento de algunos aspectos relacionados con síntomas y prevención de enfermedades como Dengue, Zika y Chikungunya. Además, el almacenamiento de agua y mala disposición de residuos sólidos en las viviendas estuvieron como prácticas que más contribuyeron a la presencia de criaderos de mosquitos. Maestría Magister en Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas
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- 2022
137. DNA barcoding as a molecular tool for vectors identification – review
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Georgi Stoimenov and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
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sand flies ,vectors ,mosquitos ,culicuides, ,DNA barcoding, mosquitos, culicuides, sand flies, vectors ,DNA barcoding - Abstract
Vector-borne diseases pose a serious threat to public health and animal husbandry and require special attention. Knowledge of the ecology of different insect species acting as vectors of multiple infectious agents will be crucial for the development and implementation of appropriate and effective vector control strategies to reduce the impact of the diseases they transmit. However, the main limitation is that morphological methods for identifying insect species are time consuming and require taxonomic expertise. Inaccurate identification of vector species can have a significant impact on attempts to control their populations. One of the remarkable achievements of modern biology and molecular diagnostic methods is the development of accurate and reliable technologies for rapid screening of DNA sequence variations. Molecular identification and DNA barcoding is a relatively new taxonomic method that can be used to identify a species, including an unknown one. Closely related or unknown species can be differentiated. DNA barcoding is a standardized approach to identifying plants and animals through minimal DNA sequences called DNA bar-codes., {"references":["Jinbo U., Kato T., Ito M. (2011). Current progress in DNA barcoding and future implications for entomology. Entomol Sci, 14:107–124","Sirivanakarn, S. (1977). A revision of the subgenus Lophoceraomyia of the genus Culex in the Ori-ental region (Diptera: Culicidae). Contrib Am Entomol Inst (Ann Arbor), 13:1–245.","Hebert, P. D., Cywinska A., Ball S. L., de Waard J. R. (2003). Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proc Biol Sci, 270:313–321.","Hebert, P. D., Ratnasingham S., De Waard J. R. (2003). Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proc Biol Sci, 270(Suppl 1): S96–S99.","Rueanghiran, C., Apiwathnasorn C., Sangthong P., Samung Y., Ruangsittichai J. (2011). 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COI barcode versus mor-phological identification of Culex (Culex) (Diptera: Culicidae) species: a case study using samples from Argentina and Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 108:110–122","Khamis, F. M., Masiga D. K., Mohamed S. A., Salifu D., de Meyer M., Ekesi S. (2012). Taxonomic identity of the invasive fruit fly pest. Bactrocera invadens: concordance in morphometry and DNA barcoding. PLoS One, 7:e44862","Roy, S., Tyagi A., Shukla V., Kumar A., Singh U. M., Chaudhary L. B., Datt B., Bag S. K., Singh P. K., Nair N. K. (2010). Universal plant DNA barcode loci may not work in complex groups: a case study with Indian Berberis species. PLoS ONE, 5:e13674","Schoch, C. L., Seifert K. A., Huhndorf S., Robert V., Spouge J. L., Levesque C. A., Chen W., Bol-chacova E., Voigt K., Crous P. W. (2012). Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012, 109:6241–6246.","Wang, G., Li C., Guo X., Xing D., Dong Y., Wang Z., Zhang Y., Liu M., Zheng Z., Zhang H. (2012). Identifying the main mosquito species in China based on DNA barcoding. PLoS ONE, 7:e47051","Kumar, N. P., Rajavel A. R., Natarajan R., Jambulingam P. (2007). DNA barcodes can distinguish species of Indian mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol 2007, 44:1–7.","Bourke, B. P., Oliveira T. P., Suesdek L., Bergo E. S., Sallum M. (2013). A multi-locus approach to barcoding in the Anopheles strodei subgroup (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasit Vectors, 6:111.","Rubinoff, D. (2006). DNA barcoding evolves into the familiar. Conser Biol, 20:1548–1549","Mathieu, B., Cêtre-Sossah C., Garros C., Chavernac D., Balenghien T., Vignes-Lebbe R., Ung V., Candolfi E., Delécolle J. C. (2010). IIKC: An Interactive Identification Key for female Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the West Palearctic region. 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W., Rodríguez-Pérez M. A., Chaverri L. G., Hebert P. D. N., Gregory T. R. (2014). Recovery of DNA barcodes from blackfly museum specimens (Diptera: Sim-uliidae) using primer sets that target a variety of sequence lengths. Molecular Ecology Resources 4: 508–18."]}
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- 2022
138. The role of insecticides and repellents in protecting humans and as tools in the fight against vector- borne disease transmission
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Moreno Gómez, Mara, Miranda Chueca, Miguel Angel, Bueno Marí, Rubén, and Ramon Juanpere, Cori
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Regulación ,Mosquitos ,Repelentes ,Vectores ,Ensayos campo ,Entomología Médico-Veterinaria. Evaluación de insecticidas y repelentes ,Insecticidas ,Ensayos laboratorio ,Protección humana - Abstract
[eng] Over the last century, vector-borne pathogens have spread to new areas, creating novel public health challenges. As major arthropod disease vectors, mosquitoes represent a significant, growing threat to human health due to their role in disease transmission. Personal protection products such as insecticides and repellents are useful tools available to the general public that can decrease disease incidence and mosquito-related nuisances by reducing contact frequency between mosquitoes and their hosts. However, European Union regulations have become increasingly strict because biocide use generates toxicological risks for human and environmental health. The doctoral research presented herein sought to 1) validate new laboratory and field methodologies and 2) explore alternative parameters and/or approaches for evaluating insecticides and repellents. To this end, four studies were conducted using Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894), Culex pipiens (Linnaeus, 1758), and human volunteers. The first study estimated the landing rate outdoors in an area infested with the Asian tiger mosquito (Ae. albopictus) and replicated this rate in the laboratory. More specifically, 16 study participants were exposed to mosquitoes in a highly infested region of Italy. These field results were compared to laboratory results obtained in 1) a 30-m3 room where 9 volunteers were exposed to different numbers of mosquitoes (15–50) and 2) a 0.064-m3 AIC test cage containing 200 mosquitoes. The highest mosquito landing rate in the field was 26.8 landings/min. In the room test, a similar landing rate was achieved using 15–20 mosquitoes and an exposure time of 3 min. In the AIC test, the landing rate was 229 ± 48 landings/min. This study is the first to concomitantly measure and compare Ae. albopictus landing rates in the field and laboratory. The second study assessed alternative laboratory methods for evaluating topical mosquito repellents and took place at three European testing laboratories. Each test utilised female Ae. albopictus and 30 study participants. First, a conventional AIC test and a sleeved AIC test were performed using exposed arm areas of 600 and 100 cm2, respectively, and cage volumes of 0.040 and 0.064 m3, respectively. Mosquito density was consistently 1 female/840 cm3. Second, room-based testing (40 ± 5 mosquitoes in 25–30 m3) was used as a proxy for field testing. A mosquito repellent (15% N,N-diethylm- toluamide) was employed at two doses: 1 and 0.5 g/600 cm2. The two new methods showed themselves to be good alternatives to conventional AIC testing and yielded reproducible protection times across laboratories. The third study used the room test to evaluate the effects of sublethal insecticide doses used in spatial treatments on mosquito fitness; protection against mosquito bites in humans; and toxicological risks to human and environmental health. This work employed a synthetic type I pyrethroid, prallethrin, at three sublethal doses (0.40 ± 0.01 mg/h, 0.80 ± 0.01 mg/h, and 1.60 ± 0.01 mg/h) and utilised colonies of Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens. The results showed that sublethal doses reduced mosquito survival, influencing population size in the next generation. The doses also provided 100% protection to human hosts and presented limited risks to human and environmental health. The fourth study explored how well sublethal doses of spatial repellents could protect people from bites outdoors. Two field experiments were performed in Italy in an area with high Ae. albopictus abundance using a synthetic type I pyrethroid, transfluthrin, in aerosol form. The first examined levels of protection for humans, and the second examined mosquito knockdown and mortality. Percent protection for humans remained high (>80%) at 5 h despite the absence of mosquito mortality at 1 h. This study showed that sublethal doses could be useful: they protected human hosts even when mosquito mortality was null. [spa] Los mosquitos representan una amenaza importante y creciente para la salud humana debido a su papel en la transmisión de enfermedades. Productos de protección personal, como insecticidas y repelentes, pueden disminuir la incidencia de enfermedades y las molestias relacionadas con los mosquitos al reducir la frecuencia de contacto entre ellos y sus huéspedes. Sin embargo, la regulación de biocidas se ha vuelto cada vez más estricta debido a que su uso puede generar riesgos toxicológicos para la salud humana y medioambiental. La presente tesis doctoral buscó 1) validar nuevas metodologías de laboratorio y de campo y 2) explorar parámetros y/o enfoques alternativos para evaluar insecticidas y repelentes. Para ello se llevaron a cabo cuatro estudios utilizando Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894), Culex pipiens (Linnaeus, 1758) y voluntarios humanos. El primer estudio involucró a 16 participantes que evaluaron la tasa de aterrizaje de mosquitos en un área naturalmente infestada por Ae. albopictus. Los resultados obtenidos se compararon con estudios de laboratorio llevados a cabo en 1) una cabina de 30 m3 donde 9 voluntarios fueron expuestos a diferente número de mosquitos (15–50) y 2) una jaula de 0,064 m3 que contenía 200 mosquitos, test conocido como arm-in-cage (AIC). La tasa de aterrizaje de mosquitos más alta en el campo fue de 26,8 aterrizajes/min. El ensayo en la cabina logró una tasa similar utilizando 15 - 20 mosquitos y un tiempo de exposición de 3 min. En el AIC, la tasa fue de 229 ± 48 aterrizajes/min. Este estudio es el primero en medir y comparar tasas de aterrizaje en campo y laboratorio con Ae. albopictus. El segundo estudio exploró métodos de laboratorio alternativos para evaluar repelentes de mosquitos de uso tópico. Se realizó en cuatro laboratorios europeos; se utilizaron hembras de Ae albopictus y 30 participantes por configuración. 1) Se comparó resultados de protección con el AIC convencional (áreas de brazo expuestas de 600 cm2) versus el AIC con manguito (100 cm2) y volúmenes de jaula de entre 0,040 y 0,064 m3. La densidad de mosquitos fue de 1 hembra/840 cm3. 2) se utilizaron cabinas de entre 25– 30 m3 con 40 ± 5 mosquitos. Se empleó 15% N,N-dietil-m-toluamida en dos dosis: 1 y 0,5 g/600 cm2. Los dos nuevos métodos demostraron ser buenas alternativas al AIC convencional produciendo tiempos de protección reproducibles en todos los laboratorios. El tercer estudio evaluó en laboratorio los efectos de dosis subletales de insecticidas utilizadas en tratamientos espaciales sobre 1) el estado físico de los mosquitos; 2) protección contra las picaduras de mosquitos en humanos; y 3) riesgos toxicológicos para la salud humana y ambiental. Este trabajo empleó un piretroide sintético tipo I, praletrina, en tres dosis subletales (0,40 ± 0,01 mg/h, 0,80 ± 0,01 mg/h y 1,60 ± 0,01 mg/h) y utilizó colonias de Ae. albopictus y Cx. pipiens. Las dosis subletales redujeron la supervivencia de los mosquitos, redujeron el tamaño de la población y brindaron una protección del 100% a los huéspedes humanos. Además, presentaron riesgos relativamente bajos para la salud humana y ambiental. El cuarto estudio exploró cómo las dosis subletales de repelentes espaciales podrían proteger a las personas de las picaduras de mosquitos al aire libre. Se realizaron dos experimentos de campo en Italia en un área de alta abundancia de Ae. albopictus usando un piretroide tipo I sintético, transflutrina, en forma de aerosol. Primero examinó los niveles de protección para los humanos y el segundo evaluó la mortalidad de los mosquitos. El porcentaje de protección para humanos se mantuvo alto (>80%) a las 5 h a pesar de la ausencia de mortalidad de mosquitos después de 1 h de aplicación. [cat] Els mosquits representen una amenaça important i creixent per a la salut humana degut al seu paper en la transmissió de malalties. Productes de protecció personal, com insecticides i repel·lents, poden disminuir la incidència de malalties i les molèsties relacionades amb els mosquits al reduir la freqüència de contacte entre ells i els seus hostes. Tot i això, la regulació de biocides s'ha tornat cada vegada més estricta pel fet de que el seu ús pot generar riscos toxicològics per a la salut humana i mediambiental. Aquesta tesi busca 1) validar noves metodologies de laboratori i de camp i 2) explorar paràmetres i/o enfocaments alternatius per avaluar insecticides i repel·lents. Es van dur a terme quatre estudis utilitzant Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894), Culex pipiens (Linnaeus, 1758) i voluntaris humans. El primer estudi va involucrar 16 participants per avaluar la taxa d'aterratge de mosquits en una àrea infestada per Ae. albopictus. Els resultats obtinguts es van comparar amb estudis de laboratori en 1) una cabina de 30 m3 on 9 voluntaris van ser exposats a diferent número de mosquits (15–50) i 2) una gàbia de 0,064 m3 que contenia 200 mosquits, test conegut com arm in cage (AIC). La taxa d'aterratge de mosquits més alta al camp va ser de 26,8 aterratges/min. L'assaig a la cabina va aconseguir una taxa similar utilitzant 15-20 mosquits i un temps d'exposició de 3 min. A l'AIC, la taxa va ser de 229 ± 48 aterratges/min. Aquest estudi és el primer a mesurar i comparar taxes d'aterratge a camp i laboratori amb Ae. albopictus. El segon estudi va explorar mètodes de laboratori alternatius per avaluar repel·lents de mosquits dús tòpic. Quatre laboratoris europeus van repetir les probes amb d'Ae albopictus i 30 participants van particicpar per configuració. Es van comparar resultats de protecció amb l'AIC convencional (àrees de braç exposades de 600 cm2) versus 1) l'AIC amb mànega (100 cm2) i volums de gàbia d'entre 0,040 i 0,064 m3. La densitat de mosquits va ser de 1 femella/840 cm3. 2) cabines d'entre 25–30 m3 amb 40 ± 5 mosquits. Es va emprar 15% N,N-dietil-m-toluamida en dues dosis: 1 i 0,5 g/600 cm2. Els dos nous mètodes van demostrar ser bones alternatives a l'AIC convencional produint temps de protecció reproduïbles a tots els laboratoris. El tercer estudi va avaluar en laboratori els efectes de dosis subletals d'insecticides utilitzades en tractaments espacials sobre l'estat físic dels mosquits; 2) protecció contra les picades de mosquits en humans; i 3) riscos toxicològics per a la salut humana i ambiental. Aquest treball va emprar un piretroide sintètic tipus I, praletrina, en tres dosis subletals (0,40 ± 0,01 mg/h, 0,80 ± 0,01 mg/hi 1,60 ± 0,01 mg/h) i va utilitzar colònies d'Ae. albopictus i Cx. pipiens. Les dosis subletals van reduir la supervivència dels mosquits, van reduir la mida de la població i van brindar una protecció del 100% als hostes humans. A més, van presentar riscos relativament baixos per a la salut humana i ambiental. El quart estudi va explorar com les dosis subletals de repel·lents espacials podrien protegir les persones de les picades de mosquits a l'aire lliure. Es van fer dos experiments de camp a Itàlia en una àrea d'alta abundància d' Ae. albopictus usant un piretroide sintètic, tipus I, transflutrina, en forma d'aerosol. Primer es va examinar els nivells de protecció per als humans i segon es va avaluar la mortalitat dels mosquits. El percentatge de protecció per a humans es va mantenir alt (>80%) a les 5 h malgrat l'absència de mortalitat de mosquits després d'una hora de l’ aplicació.
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- 2022
139. Potes fumígenos, ovitrampas y otras herramientas con bajo impacto ambiental para controlar vinchucas y mosquitos
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Reynoso, Mercedes M.N., Alzogaray, Raúl A., Harburguer, Laura V., Gonzalez, Paula V., Lucía, Alejandro, Masuh, Héctor M., Roca Acevedo, Gonzalo, Santo Orihuela, Pablo L., Toloza, Ariel C., Vassena, Claudia V., and Zerba, Eduardo N.
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resistencia a insecticidas ,vinchucas ,mosquitos ,enfermedad de Chagas ,dengue ,insectos vectores de enfermedades ,control químico - Abstract
The Triatoma infestans bedbug (known in Argentina as “vinchuca”) and four species of mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis and An. darlingi) are the main insect vectors of disease in Argentina. Since 1977, the Argentine Pest and Insecticide Research Center (CIPEIN) has been doing research on these insects and developing products for their control that have a low impact on human health and the environment. Recognized as a Reference Center by the Pan American Health Organization and the World Health Organization, CIPEIN was a pioneer in the development of insecticide products in Latin America. The aim of this article is to review the status of the health issues involving kissing bugs and mosquitoes in Argentina and to describe the main contributions of CIPEIN to their study and control. La chinche Triatoma infestans (conocida en Argentina como “vinchuca”) y cuatro especies de mosquitos (Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis y An. darlingi) son los principales insectos vectores de enfermedades en el territorio argentino. Desde 1977, el Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas de Argentina (CIPEIN) investiga a estos insectos y desarrolla productos para controlarlos con un bajo impacto para la salud humana y el ambiente. Reconocido como Centro de Referencia por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud y la Organización Mundial de la Salud, el CIPEIN fue pionero en el desarrollo de productos insecticidas en América Latina. El objetivo de este artículo es reseñar la situación de la problemática sanitaria que involucra a vinchucas y mosquitos en Argentina, y describir los principales aportes del CIPEIN en su estudio y control. O hematófago Triatoma infestans (conhecido na Argentina como “vinchuca”) e quatro espécies de mosquitos (Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis e An. darlingi) são os principais insetos vetores de doenças no território argentino. Desde 1977, o Centro Argentino de Investigação de Pragas e Inseticidas (CIPEIN) investiga esses insetos e desenvolve produtos para controlá-los com baixo impacto na saúde humana e no meio ambiente. Reconhecido como Centro de Referência pela Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde e pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, o CIPEIN foi pioneiro no desenvolvimento de produtos inseticidas na América Latina. O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma revisão da situação do problema de saúde envolvendo barbeiros e mosquitos na Argentina e descrever as principais contribuições da CIPEIN no seu estudo e controlo.
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- 2022
140. Spatial evaluation of larvae of Culicidae (Diptera) from different breeding sites: application of a geospatial method and implications for vector control
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Rafael Piovezan, Thiago Salomão de Azevedo, and Cláudio José Von Zuben
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Aedes aegypti ,análise espacial ,controle de vetores ,dengue ,mosquitos ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Spatial evaluation of Culicidae (Diptera) larvae from different breeding sites: application of a geospatial method and implications for vector control. This study investigates the spatial distribution of urban Culicidae and informs entomological monitoring of species that use artificial containers as larval habitats. Collections of mosquito larvae were conducted in the São Paulo State municipality of Santa Bárbara d' Oeste between 2004 and 2006 during house-to-house visits. A total of 1,891 samples and nine different species were sampled. Species distribution was assessed using the kriging statistical method by extrapolating municipal administrative divisions. The sampling method followed the norms of the municipal health services of the Ministry of Health and can thus be adopted by public health authorities in disease control and delimitation of risk areas. Moreover, this type of survey and analysis can be employed for entomological surveillance of urban vectors that use artificial containers as larval habitat.
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- 2012
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141. Mortalidad en larvas de Culex quinquefasciatus y Anopheles albimanus (díptera: culicidae), causada con un producto de Bacillus sphaericus (bacteria: bacillaceae) en presentación granulada en condiciones experimentales
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Estrella Cárdenas Castro, Álvaro Rozo Bautista, and Ligia Lugo Vargas
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control biológico ,microorganismos ,mortalidad ,mosquitos ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue ensayar una serie de concentraciones de un producto granulado preparado con Bacillus sphaericus, sobre larvas de Culex quinquefasciatus y Anopheles albimanus en condiciones de laboratorio. Se utilizaron once concentraciones (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200 y 500 ppm) sobre larvas de An. albimanus, y ocho concentraciones diez veces menores (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 y 16 ppm) sobre larvas de Cx. quinquefasciatus. Se utilizaron 60 larvas y un control con 20 larvas por concentración. El tiempo de exposición fue de 48 h, a una temperatura de 28 ± 2 ºC. Para estimar las concentraciones letales 50 y 95 se utilizó la prueba Probit. Se encontró una CL95 de B. sphaericus entre 6,45 y 7,28 ppm para larvas de Cx. quinquefasciatus; mientras que en larvas de An. albimanus se observó una CL95 entre 450,56 y 466,76 ppm.
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- 2012
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142. Crepuscular activity of culicids (Diptera, Culicidae) in the peridomicile and in the remaining riparian forest in Tibagi river, State of Paraná, Brazil
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Gerson A. Müller, Ana C. Dalla Bona, Carlos B. Marcondes, and Mário A. Navarro-Silva
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Atividade crepuscular ,mosquitos ,Psorophora discrucians ,Psorophora champerico ,Crepuscular activity ,mosquitoes ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Crepuscular activity of culicids (Diptera, Culicidae) in the peridomicile and in the remaining riparian forest in Tibagi river, State of Paraná, Brazil. Human-attracted mosquitoes were collected for one hour, around sunset time (half hour before and half after), from April to December 2006, in two environments (riparian forest and near houses), in Tibagi river basin, Palmeira municipality, State of Paraná. Seven-hundred forty-nine mosquitoes, belonging to 13 species, were collected. Psorophora champerico Dyar & Knab, 1906 (42.86%) and Psorophora discrucians (Walker, 1856) (40.59%) were the most frequent species. No significant differences between quantities of Ps. champerico (t = -0.792; d.f. = 16; p = 0.43) and Ps. discrucians (t = 0.689; d.f. = 16; p = 0.49) obtained in riparian forest and near houses were observed, indicating similar conditions for crepuscular activity of these species in both environments. Psorophora champerico and Ps. discrucians responded (haematophagic activity) to environmental stimuli associated with the twilight hours differently in distinct habitats studied. The former species is registered for the first time in the Atlantic forest biome.Atividade crepuscular de culicídeos (Diptera, Culicidae) no peridomicílio e remanescentes de matas ciliares do Rio Tibagi. Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Mosquitos atraídos por humanos foram coletados por uma hora em torno do crepúsculo vespertino (meia hora antes e meia hora depois), de abril a dezembro de 2006, em dois locais (mata ciliar e peridomicílio) na bacia do Rio Tibagi, município de Palmeira, Estado do Paraná. Foram capturados 749 mosquitos distribuídos em 13 espécies. Psorophora champerico Dyar & Knab, 1906 (42,86%) e Ps. discrucians (Walker, 1856) (40,59%) foram as espécies mais freqüentes. Não foram registradas diferenças significativas entre as médias de indivíduos capturados entre os pontos de mata ciliar e peridomicílio para Ps. champerico (t = -0,792; g.l. = 16; p = 0,43) e para Ps. discrucians (t = 0,689; g.l. = 16; p = 0,49). Isto demonstra que os dois ambientes estudados fornecem condições semelhantes para a atividade crepuscular destas espécies. Psorophora champerico e Ps. discrucians responderam (atividade hematofágica) aos estímulos ambientais associados ao horário crepuscular de forma distinta nos diferentes habitats analisados. Foi registrada pela primeira vez a presença de Psorophora champerico no bioma Mata Atlântica.
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- 2012
143. Efectos de la competencia larval en los mosquitos de contenedores artificiales, Aedes aegypti y Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) en condiciones semi-controladas Effects of larval competition between the container mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) in semi-controlled conditions
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Analía Francia and Arnaldo Maciá
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Mosquitos ,Competencia ,Tiempo de desarrollo ,Biomasa ,Supervivencia ,Mosquitoes ,Competition ,Development time ,Biomass ,Survivorship ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Las larvas de los mosquitos Aedes aegypti (Linneo) y Culex pipiens Linneo pueden criar conjuntamente en pequeños contenedores artificiales de agua, se genera así una competencia interespecífica y/o intraespecífica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar la magnitud relativa de la competencia intra e interespecífica en A. aegypti y C. pipiens, generada durante el desarrollo larval en contenedores artifi ciales. Las variables medidas como respuesta fueron la supervivencia y el tiempo de desarrollo larval, y la biomasa total producida en estado de pupa. Se criaron larvas de ambos mosquitos en neumáticos de automóvil con agua declorinada y hojarasca. Se introdujeron larvas recién eclosionadas de acuerdo a la densidad (5) estimada según un censo previo de A. aegypti y C. pipiens. Serealizaron los siguientes tratamientos agregando larvas de: (1) A. aegypti hasta alcanzar δ A. aegypti determinada según el censo previo, (2) C. pipiens hasta δ C. pipiens del censo previo, (3) A. aegypti hasta alcanzar la suma de δ A. aegypti y δ C. pipiens del censo previo, (4) C. pipiens hasta alcanzar la suma de δ A. aegypti y δ C. pipiens del censo previo y (5) A. aegypti y C. pipiens hasta δ A. aegypti y δ C. pipiens del censo previo. Las tres variables medidas fueron afectadas por los tratamientos, excepto la supervivencia y la biomasa producida por C. pipiens. Aedes aegypti fue más alterada por la competencia intraespecífica que por la competencia interespecífica. En C. pipiens, la competencia interespecífica superó en sus efectos a la competencia intraespecífica. Existió asimetría competitiva, ya que C. pipiens fue más afectada por A. aegypti que lo contrario.Larvae of Aedes aegypti (Linneo) and Culex pipiens Linneo may develop together in small artificial water containers, promoting inter- and/or intra-specific competition. Our aim was to compare the relative importance of interspecific and intraspecific competition in both species during larval development in artificial containers. Larvae were bred outdoors in automobile tires with leaf litteras the nutrient source. The number of experimental larvae was set after an assessment of densities (5) from wild populations. We established the treatments: 1: A. aegypti alone at the 5 of A. aegypti in the census; 2: C. pipiens alone at the 5 of C. pipiens in the census; 3: A. aegypti alone at the 5 of A. aegypti + C. pipiens in the census; 4: C. pipiens alone at the 5 A. aegypti + 5 C. pipiens in the census; and 5: A. aegypti at the 5 of A. aegypti in the census + C. pipiens at the 5 of C. pipiens in the census. Survivorship, development time and total biomass were affected by treatments, except for survivorship and biomass of C. pipiens. Intraspecific competition outweighed interspecific competiton in A. aegypti, while the opposite trend was detected in C. pipiens. Competition was asymmetric, as C. pipiens was more affected by A. aegypti.
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- 2011
144. Culicidae and Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Nematocera) inhabiting phytotelmata in Iguazú National Park, Misiones Province, subtropical Argentina Culicidae y Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Nematocera) que habitan en fi totelmata en el Parque Nacional Iguazú, provincia de Misiones, Argentina subtropical
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Raúl E. Campos, Gustavo Spinelli, and Motoyoshi Mogi
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Biodiversidad ,Insectos acuáticos ,Mosquitos ,Jejenes ,Larvas de Diptera ,Biodiversity ,Aquatic insects ,Mosquitoes ,Gnats ,Larvae of Diptera ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
A list of the most common phytotelmata and their Culicidae and Ceratopogonidae inhabitants from Iguazú National Park, Misiones Province, Argentina, is presented, and biological and behavioral observations are also included. Species of Poaceae, Bromeliaceae, Apiaceae, Araceae, Urticaceae, Marantaceae, and Arecaceae, were identified as phytotelmata. Twenty six species of Culicidae and nine of Ceratopogonidae were identified. The highest species richness of culicids and ceratopogonids was recorded from the bamboo Guadua chacoensis (Poaceae) and treeholes, respectively. Fourteen species of Culicidae and three of Ceratopogonidae inhabit bamboo, two and five treeholes, seven and three bromeliads, and nine and one, other less known phytotelmata, respectively.Se presenta una lista de las fitotelmata más comunes y los Culicidae y Ceratopogonidae que las habitan, del Parque Nacional Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina; además de observaciones biológicas y de comportamiento. Especies de Poaceae, Bromeliaceae, Apiaceae, Araceae, Urticaceae, Marantaceae, y Arecaceae, fueron identificadas como fitotelmata. Fueron reconocidas 26 especies de culícidos y nueve de Ceratopogonidae. La mayor riqueza de especies de culícidos y ceratopogónidos se registraron en el bambú Guadua chacoensis (Poaceae) y en los huecos de los árboles respectivamente. Catorce especies de culícidos y tres de ceratopogónidos habitan bambúes, dos y cinco en los huecos de los árboles, siete y tres en bromelias y nueve y una en otras fitotelmata, respectivamente.
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- 2011
145. Cubiertas de auto abandonadas como sitios de cría de Culex eduardoi (Diptera: Culicidae) en el Parque Provincial Pereyra Iraola, Provincia de Buenos Aires Discarded car tires as breeding sites of Culex eduardoi (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Pereyra Iraola Provincial Park, Buenos Aires Province
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Alejandra Rubio and Darío Vezzani
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Mosquitos ,Argentina ,Contenedores artificiales ,Mosquitoes ,Artificial containers ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
El conocimiento sobre la fauna de mosquitos que se cría en cubiertas de auto es realmente escaso en Argentina. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar una población de inmaduros de Culex eduardoi Casal & Garcia en una acumulación de cubiertas abandonadas en un bosque suburbano de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Entre noviembre 2009 y mayo 2010, se recolectaron mensualmente larvas de mosquitos en 27 cubiertas de auto abandonadas en un sector boscoso del Parque Provincial Pereyra Iraola. Se recolectaron en total 1.009 larvas del tercer y cuarto estadio de Cx. eduardoi, y el índice de contenedores (IC) global fue 66,3% (106/160). Culex eduardoi estuvo presente durante todos los meses, aunque el IC difirió significativamente (x²(6) = 15,11; p < 0,05), alcanzando valores máximos en noviembre y diciembre (76 y 92,5% respectivamente). En primavera, la abundancia relativa de larvas también fue máxima y el número medio de las recolectadas por criadero fue de 9,5 (mín. 3,5 en marzo; máx.15,1 en noviembre). Otras especies halladas en los contenedores estudiados fueron Cx. pipiens L. y Toxorhynchites theobaldi Dyar & Knab. Los presentes hallazgos aportan nuevos conocimientos sobre los culícidos de cubiertas en Argentina.The knowledge about tire-breeding mosquitoes is truly scarce in Argentina. The objective of this study was to characterize a population of immatures of Culex eduardoi Casal & Garcia, from a pile of abandoned tires located in a suburban forest of Buenos Aires Province. Between November 2009 and May 2010, mosquito larvae were monthly collected in 27 abandoned tires within a woody area of the Parque Provincial Pereyra Iraola. A total of 1009 third and fourth instar larvae of Cx. eduardoi were collected, and the overall container index (CI) was 66.3% (106/160). Culex eduardoi was collected every month but the CI differed significantly (x²(6) = 15.11; p < 0.05), reaching maximum values in November and December (76 and 92.5% respectively). In spring, the relative abundance of larvae was also the highest, and the mean number of larvae collected per habitat was 9.5 (min. 3.5 in March; max.15.1 in November). Other mosquito species such as Cx. pipiens Linneo and Toxorhynchites theobaldi Dyar & Knab were also found in the studied containers. The present findings contribute with novel knowledge on culicids of tires in Argentina.
- Published
- 2011
146. Crónicas de arroz, mosquitos y paludismo en España: el caso de la provincia de Valencia (s. XVIII-XX)
- Author
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Rubén Bueno Marí and Ricardo Jiménez Peydró
- Subjects
epidemiología histórica ,historia de la medicina ,siglos xviii-xix y xx ,malaria ,arroz ,mosquitos ,anopheles ,valencia ,Social Sciences - Abstract
El presente estudio analiza la situación durante los siglos XVIII-XX de los arrozales de la provincia de Valencia que, junto con la comarca cacereña de Campo Arañuelo, representan dos de los focos palúdicos más importantes de la Historia Moderna de España. Asimismo, se discuten cuestiones, no sólo médicas, sino también demográficas, sociales, económicas y jurídicas, asociadas a la problemática arrocera de la época. Interesantes aspectos relacionados con los supuestos mecanismos de transmisión de la enfermedad, así como la lucha contra la misma a nivel quimioterapéutico y de saneamiento ambiental, también son expuestos.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
147. Evaluation of oviposition traps as an entomological surveillance method for Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) Avaliação das armadilhas de oviposição como método de vigilância entomológica para Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae)
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Angelita Anália Carniel Barbosa, Eliane Aparecida Fávaro, Adriano Mondini, Margareth Regina Dibo, and Francisco Chiaravalloti Neto
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Coleta de ovos ,dengue ,mosquitos ,pesquisa larvária ,Dengue vector ,egg collection ,larval survey ,mosquitoes ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
This study aimed to describe the behavior of oviposition traps for Aedes aegypti over time, to compare it with the larval survey and to investigate the association with climatic variables. It was conducted in São José do Rio Preto city, São Paulo. Daily climatic data and fortnightly measurements for oviposition traps and larval infestation were collected from October 2003 to September 2004. Three different periods were identified in the behavior of oviposition traps' positivity and mean number of eggs: increase, plateau and decrease in values. These measurements followed the variation of climatic data from the first and third periods. High correlation was obtained between the positivity and the mean number of eggs. The oviposition traps showed higher capacity to detect the vector than did larval survey. It was observed that the first (October to December) and third (May to September) periods were considered to be the most suitable to use oviposition traps than larval surveys.O estudo teve como objetivos descrever o comportamento da armadilha de oviposição para Aedes aegypti ao longo do tempo, comparar com a pesquisa larvária e investigar sua associação com variáveis climáticas. O trabalho foi realizado em São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. Entre outubro de 2003 a setembro de 2004, as armadilhas e a pesquisa larvária forneceram dados quinzenais e foram obtidos dados climáticos. Três períodos distintos foram identificados no comportamento da positividade das armadilhas e no número médio de ovos: aumento, patamar e decréscimo dos valores. Estas medidas acompanharam as variações climáticas. Alta correlação foi obtida entre a positividade e número de ovos. As armadilhas de oviposição apresentam maior capacidade para detectar o vetor do que a pesquisa larvária. Foi observado que o primeiro (outubro a dezembro) e terceiro (maio a setembro) períodos foram os mais adequados para utilização das armadilhas de oviposição em comparação à pesquisa larvária.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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148. Primeiro registro do gênero Toxorhynchites Theobald (Diptera, Culicidae) em Mata Atlântica, Viçosa, Minas Gerais
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Daniel Simões Albeny, Cassiano Sousa Rosa, Lívia Maria Silva Ataíde, and Evaldo Ferreira Vilela
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Mosquitos ,fragmento de floresta ,Toxorhynchites pusillus ,Toxorhynchites theobaldi ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Durante os meses de março e abril de 2007 foi verificada a presença do gênero Toxorhynchites (Diptera, Culicidae) em fragmentos de Mata Atlântica no município de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. No experimento foram utilizadas 500 armadilhas de oviposição. Registrando-se, pela primeira vez na região de Viçosa o gênero Toxorhynchites, sendo as espécies T. pusillus (Costa Lima, 193 1) e T. theobaldi (Dyar & Knab, 1906) encontradas pela primeira vez no Estado de Minas Gerais. As espécies relatadas como primeiro registro e sua distribuição são citadas e discutidas.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
149. Culicidae (Diptera, Culicomorpha) from the western Brazilian Amazon: Juami-Japurá Ecological Station
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Rosa Sá Gomes Hutchings, Roger William Hutchings, and Maria Anice Mureb Sallum
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Amazônia ,distribuição ,mosquitos ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
With 312 trap-hours of sampling effort, 1554 specimens of Culicidae (Diptera) were collected, using CDC and Malaise traps, in nine different locations along the Juami River, within the Juami-Japurá Ecological Station, Amazonas State, Brazil. A list of mosquito species with 54 taxa is presented, which includes three new distributional records for the state of Amazonas. The species found belong to the genera Anopheles, Aedeomyia, Aedes, Psorophora, Culex, Coquillettidia, Sabethes, Wyeomyia and Uranotaenia.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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150. Aportaciones al conocimiento de los mosquitos (Diptera, Culicidae) de alta montaña presentes en la Península Ibérica
- Author
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R. Bueno Marí, F. A. Chordá Olmos, A. Bernués Bañeres, and R. Jiménez Peydró
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culicidae ,mosquitos ,biodiversidad ,península ibérica ,distribución altitudinal ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Se realizaron diversos muestreos larvarios de mosquitos (Diptera, Culicidae) en varias regiones montañosas de la España peninsular. Pese a que se recolectaron un total de 2796 ejemplares pertenecientes a 18 especies, el 72.5 % de estos hallazgos engloba únicamente a tres de ellas (Cx. hortensis hortensis, Cx. pipiens y Cs. longiareolata). La capacidad de adaptación a un variado elenco de cuerpos de agua de diferente tipología, unida al marcado multivoltinismo que caracteriza sus ciclos bióticos, se postulan como dos de las principales razones que explican sus abundancias. La distribución altitudinal así como diversa información acerca de la bioecología de todas las especies capturadas también se exponen en el presente trabajo.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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