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Residents' overall well-being and quality-of-life require a deeper understanding of their perceived social impacts of tourism to determine appropriate management strategies to promote behaviours in support of tourism development. Aligning with the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, this paper proposes a new framework for residents' quality-of-life. Bringing together multi-disciplinary evidence from environmental, social and cognitive psychology, political science and tourism, this study critically examines how residents' perceived social impacts of tourism and their interpersonal trust can make them become more place attached and protect their tourism resources. The framework proposes that residents' perceived social impacts of tourism exerts a direct influence on residents' interpersonal trust. It further posits that residents' perceived social impacts of tourism and their interpersonal trust exert a direct influence on residents' place attachment. The proposed model further considers place attachment to exert a direct influence on residents' pro-social and pro-environmental behavioural intentions. Pro-social behaviour is proposed to influence pro-environmental behaviour. Further pro-social and pro-environmental behaviours are proposed to influence residents' support for tourism development. The framework then considers residents' support for tourism development to exert a direct influence on residents' overall quality-of-life. The theoretical contributions, practical implications for sustainable community tourism and sustainable tourism in general and the limitations of the study are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanistic Perspective is the property of Fuat Aydogdu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examined the mediating effect of meaning in life and the moderating effect of interpersonal trust on the relationship between regulatory emotional self-efficacy (RESE) and prosocial behavior among Chinese college students. RESE and prosocial behavior were evaluated via a survey of 942 participants (51.59% females), showing that RESE was linked to prosocial behavior, and meaning in life mediated the relationship between RESE and prosocial behavior. Additionally, the interpersonal trust could reinforce RESE and meaning in life. In summary, RESE can not only be directly related to the prosocial behavior of college students through the meaning in life, and interpersonal trust can promote the relationship between RESE and meaning in life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To analyze the influence of interpersonal trust (IT) on organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). Design/methodology/approach: The research is classified as descriptive, quantitative approach and research strategy is a survey. With that, 352 individuals, from 41 IT companies in Brazil, mostly from Rio Grande do Sul, participated in the research. Research, Practical & Social Implications: The results revealed a positive influence of IT on OCB, which means that the more workers perceive interpersonal trust at work, the more likely they are to be involved in OCB. Thus, this empirical evidence can allow managers to broaden their understanding of the behavior of their employees, so that they can encourage the development of discretionary behaviors in the organization, and may even improve individual and organizational performance. This study presents a theoretical-empirical advance by addressing the influence of IT, as an antecedent, on OCBs in the IT sector. Originality/value: The IT and the OCB favor working relationships, which can have a positive impact on the organizational context. In this survey, trust with the supervisor is higher than trust with colleagues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Propose an analytical framework of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors that consist of contextual antecedents associated with Interpersonal Trust and Organizational Justice to establish relationships between them. Design/methodology/approach: The proposal was based on a review of the national and international literature, and the construction of the theoretical model seeks to bring innovations in theory, and provide dialogues between the constructs Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Interpersonal Trust and Justice Organizational. Research, Practical & Social implications: The unprecedented character of the work is an innovation in the field of administration, as they are relevant themes for the organizational environment, seeking to bring relationships between themes. Furthermore, when analyzing the constructs together, a model that can be empirically tested is proposed. Originality/value: According to empirical evidence, there are no studies that address the relationships of the three constructs with the appropriate scales, in addition to a demand for a broadening of the understanding of the constructed constructs in view of their relevance for the analysis of organizational behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Adolescence is a crucial phase in preventing and controlling anaemia. One of the efforts made by the Indonesian government to overcome adolescent girl’s anaemia is the iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation programme. This programme is one of the most effective interventions that various countries have used to overcome anaemia. The key to the success of the supplementation of IFA is the compliance of adolescent girls. Aims: This study investigates the compliance and its contributing factors of IFA supplementation and the role of social support and interpersonal trust as a source of information and reminder amongst adolescent girls in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Methods: This research was a qualitative study using the in‑depth interview to collect data. Thirteen adolescent girls from three high schools in Sidoarjo, Indonesia, were recruited using a snowball sampling technique. Results: Most of the girls did not comply with IFA supplementation. Contributing factors were the influence of peers, influence of teachers, parental influence, risk and benefit of taking IFA tablet and also failure to remember to take IFA tablet. The social environment that provided information and reminder came from teacher, parent, peer and also health worker. Interpersonal trust was needed to have positive perceived social support. Conclusions: Compliance with the consumption of IFA supplements requires the cooperation of various parties (teachers, parents, peers and health workers) and also interpersonal trust between adolescent girls to their social environment so the programme could be run optimally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Social exclusion as well as a sense of belonging and depression have been identified as risk factors for suicide among older adults in pension institutions. In particular, the elderly living in rural pension institutions is more likely to have poor mental health and a higher incidence of suicidal ideation. This study explored the mechanism of social exclusion on suicidal ideation among the elderly in rural pension institutions, and the moderating effect of interpersonal trust. Methods: The social exclusion experience scale, sense of belonging, depression self-rating scale (CES-D), suicidal ideation scale (BSI-CV), and interpersonal trust scale (ITS) were used to investigate the elderly in rural pension institutions. A total of 1,387 samples (53.35% female) were collected, ranging in age from 65 to 95 years (M = 72.8, SD = 6.173). Results: The results of the study found that: (1) social exclusion increases the suicidal ideation of the elderly in rural pension institutions, and the sense of belonging and depression play a significant chain-mediated role in the relationship between social exclusion and suicidal ideation in the elderly. (2) Interpersonal trust moderates the impact of social exclusion on the sense of belonging, depression, and suicidal ideation. Specifically, interpersonal trust can alleviate the promotion effect of social isolation on suicidal ideation and depression, and can also reduce the adverse effect of social exclusion on the sense of belonging. Discussion: This study validates that social exclusion is a risk factor for suicidal ideation in the rural elderly and identifies interpersonal trust as a protective factor against social exclusion and its negative outcomes in the elderly. This study provides a scientific basis for improving the depression status of the elderly in rural China and formulating suicide prevention measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trust is crucial to the public's compliance with policies and rules released by governments, particularly in times of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, it remains unclear whether and to what extent late adolescents' interpersonal and institutional trust fluctuated from the pre-COVID-19 pandemic to the lasting phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study uses three-wave longitudinal data from the Youth Got Talent (YGT) project to address this gap (n = 1,423; 43% boys; Mage= 17.85, SD = 1.95). Latent basis growth curve models showed that interpersonal trust remained relatively stable over time. In contrast, institutional trust temporarily increased from pre-COVID-19 pandemic (Fall 2019) to the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (Spring 2020) and subsequently, decreased during the lasting phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (Fall 2020). These results enhance our understanding of trust among late adolescents and have implications for policies aiming to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mate copying occurs when individuals imitate the mate choice of other same‐sex individuals. These effects can be influenced by factors related to the rater and the model. The present study explored the roles of raters' interpersonal trust and models' romantic experiences in the decision‐making progress. Study 1 replicated mate copying effects and found the effect of interpersonal trust was nonsignificant. Study 2 further tested the interaction effect among interpersonal trust, model's romantic experiences, and model's mate choice decision. Results showed that change in targets' attractiveness varied with the model's romantic experiences under the model acceptance condition. The attractiveness of targets showed a greater increase when models had one or two romantic experiences than when they had no or multiple romantic experiences. A three‐way interaction effect occurred as well. Under the condition of model acceptance, for raters with a low or medium level of interpersonal trust, change in attractiveness increased with the model's romantic experiences and the relationship was non‐monotonic. For individuals with high levels of trust, models' romantic experiences did not have any effect. These results reveal that both rater's interpersonal trust and models' romantic experiences matter in individuals' willingness to copy other's mate preference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interpersonal trust formed in schools is also determined by the quality of principal's transformational leadership. This study aimed to explain the relationship between the principal's transformational leadership and interpersonal trust of teachers at Vocational High School in Manado City. This study uses a survey method with a correlational research design. The sample in this study amounted to 89 teachers spread over 39 schools. Research data were collected using a questionnaire technique and processed by descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques. The results showed the principal's transformational leadership positively correlated with teachers' interpersonal trust. Therefore, it is suggested that the formation of teacher interpersonal trust in schools requires the role of the principal as an effective transformational leader and the expansion of this research by integrative analysis of the determinants, the nature of mediating and intermediary relationships and the consequences of interpersonal trust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Trust in automation plays a leading role in human-automation interaction. As there lack of scales measuring trust in automation in China, the purpose of this study was to adapt the trust between People and Automation Scale (TPAS) into Chinese and to demonstrate its psychometric properties among Chinese adults. A total of 310 Chinese adults were randomly selected as sample 1, and 508 Chinese adults as sample 2. Results of the item analysis revealed that each item had a good quality, and the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) suggested that the two-factor model with 12 items was the best fitting model. In addition, the TPAS was positively correlated with Interpersonal Trust Scale (ITS), proving good evidence based on relations to other variables to support the TPAS. In sum, the study suggested that the Chinese version of the TPAS could be used as an effective tool to assess trust in automation in the Chinese context.

BackgroundKey to effective supportive supervision, and ultimately performance of community health workers (CHWs), is the nature of relationships in the formal health system at the coal face of programmes. The central character and defining feature of effective relationships, in turn, is the ability to engender trust. This study describes factors associated with workplace and interpersonal trust, the relationship between the two sets of trust factors and how this shaped perceived performance of CHWs in ward-based outreach teams (WBOTs) in a rural South African district. MethodsIn the context of a wider study of supportive supervision of CHWs, factors recognised to be associated with trust in the literature were studied qualitatively in Ngaka Modiri Molema district, North West Province. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and individual interviews were conducted by the first author with CHWs (23), team leaders (12), facility managers (10) and middle managers (5). Interviews were recorded, translated and transcribed. Perceptions of trust factors associated with workplace and interpersonal trust were analysed thematically. ResultsThe interviews revealed a climate of considerable workplace mistrust due to the perceived abandonment of the WBOTs programme by managers at all levels, and this affected support and supervision of WBOTs. However, there was a degree of variability and discretion in expressions of interpersonal trust at the coal face, leading to different perceptions of the competence and functionality of the WBOTs. Mistrust in the workplace and poor interpersonal relationships translated into low confidence in the ability of CHWs, which in turn compromised the performance of these teams. ConclusionThe study contributes empirical evidence on how workplace trust factors impact on interpersonal trust factors and the possible implications of both sets of trust factors on perceived performance of CHWs. Wider trust in the health system have a significant bearing on interpersonal trust between CHWs and other players in the primary healthcare (PHC) system.

IntroductionThe emotional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting public health emergency are only beginning to be understood.MethodsWe assessed the contributions of emotional and cognitive factors and age-related comorbidities to greater COVID-19 fear in a community dwelling sample of 142 younger (Mage = 19.63, SDage = 2.59) and 157 older (Mage = 72.01, SDage = 7.06) adults, between July 2020 and July 2021. We hypothesized that individuals with increased loneliness, depression, and/or decreased subjective numeracy (SN) and interpersonal trust would experience more COVID-19 fear. We also predicted that females and older adults would experience more COVID-19 fear given that age-related comorbidities are associated with increased illness severity.ResultsResults showed that the extent of loneliness in older adults was more strongly related to fear of COVID-19 than it was in younger adults (β = 0.197, p = 0.016), and poorer SN was associated with increased COVID-19 fear in both age groups (β = −0.138, p = 0.016). Further, higher interpersonal mistrust was associated with increased COVID-19 fear (β = 0.136, p = 0.039), as was identifying as female (β = 0.137, p = 0.013).DiscussionGiven that self-described poor numeracy was a marker for greater COVID-19 fear, investigators and policy makers might consider mitigation opportunities addressing data literacy requirements imposed by the media. Further, outreach to mitigate loneliness, particularly of the elderly, might effectively lessen the negative psychological impact of this ongoing public health crisis.

The current COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide challenge, so organizationsneed to create innovative management to drive effective performance. Effective performance can be achieved, among others, by creating interpersonal trust between employees and supervisors. Therefore, examining the antecedents of this interpersonal trust is an important study. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of formal performance evaluation system and intrinsic religiosity on a person’s trust toward their superiors. Data were obtained using an online questionnaire survey method. A total of 222 full-time faculty members of economics and business from 24 Christian higher education institutions across 14 provinces in Indonesia participated in this study. The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. This study provides evidence on the positive effect of formal performance evaluation systems on trust based on social exchange theory. This study also reveals that intrinsic religiosity positively influences subordinates’ trust in their superiors. This study is, to the best of our knowledge, the first to introduce supernatural monitoring hypothesis as a theoretical base to examine the effect of intrinsic religiosity on trust. Further, this study provides evidence that supernatural monitoring hypothesis is the complementing theory of social exchange theory in building trust.

This research on relationship marketing aims to revisit and reposition different foci of trust, commitment, and performance perception in the export/import relationships and explore the interconnectedness effects. We have collected self-reported survey questionnaire responses from 142 non-oil exporters in Ecuador. The data were analyzed with SmartlPls 3.0 software. We found that calculative commitment negatively moderates inter-organizational trust and affective commitment relationships. The other significant findings include the indirect relationship (mediating effect) of affective commitment to financial export performance through relationship export performance. With these novel contributions, we also identify some expected relationships- as both interpersonal and inter-organizational trust positively affects affective commitment, and relationship export performance significantly predicts financial export performance. Cross-sectional data collection and responses from one side of the export-import dyad are one of this research’s limitations. However, they are not uncommon in export marketing literature. Giving a justified position of different dimensions of trust and commitment in the export-import equation is the novelty of this scholarship. Clarifying the affective commitment and export performance relationship is another contribution of this research. Nevertheless, the dimensional views of trust and commitment re-established some known assumptions in a less researched country setting should also be considered a contribution.

Within the growing developmental literature on children's testimonial learning, the emphasis placed on children's evaluations of testimonial evidence has shielded from view some of the more collaborative dimensions of testimonial learning. Drawing on recent philosophical work on testimony and interpersonal trust, we argue for an alternative way of conceptualizing the social nature of testimonial learning. On this alternative, some testimonial learning is the result of a jointly collaborative epistemic activity, an activity that aims at the epistemic goal of true belief, but that does so by means of an irreducibly social process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper examines whether Airbnb listing prices differ significantly between 'casual' hosts and hosts with multiple listings, regarded as professionals. To this effect the Airbnb apartment market in Athens (Greece) is used as a case study. Drawing on a sample of about 3.500 Airbnb apartments listed in May 2017, the study employs, first, typical hedonic price modelling to assess the determinants of listings' price of both groups, and then it uses the Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition methodology to examine whether there is a price gap between casual and professional hosts, the characteristics that cause this price gap and their relative contribution to it. The research finds a statistically significant difference in the Airbnb pricing between casual and professional hosts, where about a half of the price gap is attributed to the 'better' listings that professionals manage (in terms of size, availability of amenities and locational attributes), and a half to the different reaction hosts have towards specific Airbnb characteristics. In particular, professionals value higher (i.e. place more trust on) the Superhost badge issued by Airbnb as an institution, whereas casual hosts place trust on (and price accordingly) the evaluations provided by the guests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paranoia and conspiracy are terms typically used interchangeably. However, although the underlying content of these types of beliefs might be similar (e.g., seeing others as powerful and threatening), recent research suggests that these constructs differ in important ways. One important feature shared by both constructs is excessive mistrust but this aspect might play different roles in each belief system. In this study we explored the strength of associations of different trust predictors (i.e., trust in institutions, trust in sources of information, perceptual trust, and interpersonal trust) between conspiracy mentality and paranoid beliefs. We tested this association in a large representative multinational sample (United Kingdom n = 2025; Spain n = 1951; and Ireland n = 1041). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a twofactor model of conspiracy and paranoid beliefs in each nation sample. Path and equality of constraints analysis revealed that paranoia was more strongly associated with perceptual mistrust (bias towards mistrusting unfamiliar faces) whereas conspiracy was more strongly associated with mistrust in political institutions. Although interpersonal mistrust and trust in social sources of information were associated significantly with conspiracy their association with paranoid beliefs was stronger. These findings clarify the role of different trust processes in both belief systems. Limitations of this study are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global pandemic, COVID-19, has dealt a heavy blow to the tourism industry. Therefore, exploring the mechanisms influencing travel intention in the post-epidemic era can help provide management insights for the recovery of the travel market. Relying on the logic of social cognition theory, we conducted an empirical analysis from the perspective of trust and found that institutional trust and interpersonal trust can positively predict travel intention in the context of the epidemic, while travelers' health risk perception and safety self-efficacy mediate the relationship between trust and travel intention. Moreover, we verified the moderating role of tourists' psychological resilience. Further, the study confirms that China's active prevention policy not only reduces the physical health harm caused by the epidemic, but also effectively increases individuals' institutional trust in a proactive government. Through China's active anti-epidemic policy, individuals were able to counteract the negative impact of the COVID 19 epidemic on their travel intention. Further, theoretical and practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine and explain the effect of self-efficacy on the performance of Halu Oleo University employees, examine and explain the effect of quality of work life (QWL) on the performance of Halu Oleo University employees, examine and explain the influence of Interpersonal Trust on the performance of Halu Oleo University employees, examine and explain the effect of self-efficacy on the service quality of Halu Oleo University employees. The total population in this study was all education staff within the Halu Oleo University. Overall, there is 413 educational staff at Halu Oleo University spread across work units within the Halu Oleo University. The sampling technique taken by the author is a sample that provides equal opportunities for all members of the population that are taken randomly from the population in a simple way. Determination of the number of samples used by the author in this study is based on the slovin method as a measuring tool to calculate the sample size as many as 80 respondents. The results of the study indicate that employee performance has a significant positive reciprocal effect on the quality of public services, the variable quality of public services is the dominant variable being an endogenous variable (influence) compared to the employee performance variable, self-efficacy has no significant positive effect on employee performance, Quality of work life has a significant positive effect on employee performance, interpersonal trust has a significant positive effect on employee performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Internacional de Sociología is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Workplace incivility remains a prevailing issue and has significant potential for harmful consequences. This study aims to investigate the influencing mechanism of workplace incivility on work alienation from the perspective of targets. Based on the social exchange theory, our research examines the role of interpersonal trust as a mediator along with the moderator of career resilience in the said association. Through a two-wave-timelagged quantitative research design, a sample of 315 nurses from China was investigated with questionnaires on workplace incivility, work alienation, interpersonal trust, and career resilience. The results indicated that workplace incivility was positively related to work alienation with interpersonal trust as a mediator. Workplace incivility caused a decline in interpersonal trust, which led to work alienation. Career resilience buffered such an impact. High career resilience weakened the association linking workplace incivility to interpersonal trust. Organizations should pay more attention to workplace incivility and consider empowering nurses’ career resilience, which could alleviate the negative impact of workplace incivility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whether social development promotes trust or hinders it has been a controversial issue. The study conducted a cross-temporal meta-analysis of 160 studies adopting Rotter's Interpersonal Trust Scale (ITS) to investigate trust among Chinese college students and to explore the impact of social change on trust. The 160 papers involved 70, 394 college students, and the data was collected from 1998 to 2017. Results showed that the interpersonal trust among Chinese college students increased by 1.05 SD from 1998 to 2017. Besides, typical social development indicators and indicators related to college students are selected. The lay analysis was used to analyze the relationship between social indicators and the level of interpersonal trust among college students 10 years ago, 5 years ago, and at present. The results showed that trust was significantly positively correlated with college graduates, the gross domestic product (GDP), etc. 10 years ago, 5 years ago, and at present, respectively. While significantly negatively correlated with the unemployment rate and Gini coefficient at present. The above results indicate that interpersonal trust among Chinese college students presents an upward trend over time with social development. While the high unemployment and high Gini coefficients in the process of social development would be risk factors for trust growth in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Geriatric depression results in additional difficulties for older people and their residing society. The case-control study intended to assess the association between cognitive social capital and depression in rural older people., Methods: We conducted this study from January to December 2020 among 420 rural tenants aged ≥60 years in Bangladesh. We enrolled 210 older persons with depression as cases and another 210 without depression as controls. We used a semi-structured questionnaire, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and a cluster sampling technique to collect data through face-to-face interviews. We performed quality control checks and followed all ethics guidelines., Findings: Geriatric depression had a significant association with gender ( p  = 0.006), marital status ( p  < 0.001), education ( p  < 0.001), occupation ( p  = 0.001), family type ( p  < 0.001), family size ( p  < 0.001), number of family members ( p  < 0.001), and monthly family income ( p  < 0.001) of the rural older adults. Both interpersonal trust ( p  < 0.001) and reciprocity ( p  < 0.001) were significantly associated with geriatric depression. The older adults who didn't believe in interpersonal trust (OR = 6.8, p  = 0.002) and who disagreed with reciprocity (OR = 31.1, p  < 0.001) were more likely to have depression., Implications: The study findings can contribute to formulating cognitive social capital policy and interventions to promote the psychological well-being of rural older people by alleviating geriatric depression., Competing Interests: The authors have no relevant conflicts of interest to declare. The funders had no role in designing and conducting the study., (© The Author(s) 2024.)

Interpersonal trust is essential for societal well-being, underpinning relationships from individuals to institutions. Neuroscience research on trust has advanced swiftly since 2001. While quantitative reviews, meta-analyses, and theoretical frameworks have effectively synthesized trust neuroscience research, bibliometric analysis remains underutilized. Our bibliometric analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of trust neuroscience's current state and future directions by examining its historical development, key contributors, geographic distribution, methodological paradigms, influential works, thematic trends, and overall impact. This field has been characterized by the input of a few key contributors through international collaboration, with significant contributions from the U.S., China, the Netherlands, and Germany. Research predominantly utilizes the trust game and fMRI, with a rising focus on neural networks, general trust, and differentiating behavioral from attitudinal trust. Integrating insights from psychology, economics, and sociology, this interdisciplinary field holds promise for advancing our understanding of trust through a neurobiological lens. In conclusion, our bibliographic literature review provides valuable insights and guidance for scholars, spotlighting potential avenues for further investigation in this fast-growing field., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors are unaware of any conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The COVID-19 pandemic jeopardized individuals' health and economic stability, and the associated shocks might have decreased individuals' trust. In this paper, we study the relationship between subjective perceptions of the pandemic and individuals' institutional and interpersonal trust (e.g., trust towards the government or health representatives), while considering objective health and economic shocks due to the pandemic as drivers. We collected data across Australia, France, Germany, and South Africa during a later stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (i.e., from mid-April to early-June 2021) when individuals had time to personally experience the pandemic and its effects. COVID-19 illness perception was associated with lower institutional and interpersonal trust. The health shock of having experienced COVID-19 was associated with higher interpersonal trust, while economic shocks were associated with lower institutional trust when they were due to the pandemic. The results suggest that public policy interventions in a later stage of a pandemic should consider objective economic and health outcomes as well as subjective ones, such as individual's perceptions. Authorities should communicate in a way that helps concerned people understand that they can take control of their health and the possibility of infection, and reassure them that health measures such as vaccination can help prevent the spread of the virus., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The purpose of the current study was to examine the impact of activities conducted by children's teachers twice a week, which emphasize the importance of measurement and mathematical data for decision making, on children's informant selection and interpersonal trust decisions. In total, 55 children participated in the study for epistemic trust, and 54 children participated for interpersonal trust. Children interacted with two research assistants, one providing precise information and the other providing relative information regarding quantities, length, and weight. The findings revealed that, for epistemic trust, children from both groups preferred the relative informant over the precise informant both before and after the test. Regarding interpersonal trust decisions, the treatment groups showed a significant increase in the selection of the precise informant from the pretest to the posttest, whereas the control group's selection decreased. The difference in the selection of the precise informant between the interpersonal trust decision groups from pretest to posttest was significant, favoring the treatment group. The reasons revealed that children considered competence in their epistemic trust decisions., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Naiwen Li,1 Shiwang Bao,1 Sobia Naseem,2 Muddassar Sarfraz,3 Muhammad Mohsin4 1School of Business Management, Liaoning Technical University, Huludao, 125105, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Economics and Management, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 3Binjiang College, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Business, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Muddassar Sarfraz; Muhammad Mohsin Email muddassar.sarfraz@gmail.com; mohsinlatifntu@gmail.comPurpose: This study examines and analyses the impact of leader-member exchange differentiation (LMXD) on employee safety performance.Methods: A quantitative study was conducted on a sample of 357 Chinese construction industry employees through a structured questionnaire. The research hypothesis was tested by using the structural equation modelling (SEM) technique.Results: The results showed that LMXD could directly and positively affect the negative emotions and indirectly affect the safety performance of employees through the mediating effect of negative emotions and work engagement. Interpersonal trust has a moderating impact on the relationship between LMXD and negative emotions.Conclusion: This study contributes to the literature on organizational behavior. Employee workplace safety is a great challenge in the construction industry. Enterprises should pay attention to the negative impact of LMXD. A fair working environment has significant importance to the employee’s safety.Keywords: leader-member exchange differentiation, negative emotions, work engagement, interpersonal trust, safety performance

Aim: This study evaluates the impact of organizational wisdom on interpersonal trust with the mediating role of emotioal intelligence.Method: The method according to purpose is Practical, in terms of data collection is Descriptive correlational. The population consists of 4700 employees at Kaveh industrial. Among them, 355 employees are selected based on stratified random sampling method as the sample size. To collect the data, standard questionnaires are used. After collecting the data, they are desescribed through the mean, standard deviation, by SPSS-21 software and data Statistical Inference is carried out through structural equation modeling with the help of LISREL-v8.80 software. Reliability and validity are confirmed the results show that the degree of appropriateness of proposed model is appropriate with regard to components research. Finding: The results of the study indicate that organizational wisdom has significant impact on interpersonal trust with the mediating role of emotioal intelligence among employees at Kaveh industrial city.

Paranoia and conspiracy are terms typically used interchangeably. However, although the underlying content of these types of beliefs might be similar (e.g., seeing others as powerful and threatening), recent research suggests that these constructs differ in important ways. One important feature shared by both constructs is excessive mistrust but this aspect might play different roles in each belief system. In this study we explored the strength of associations of different trust predictors (i.e., trust in institutions, trust in sources of information, perceptual trust, and interpersonal trust) between conspiracy mentality and paranoid beliefs. We tested this association in a large representative multinational sample (United Kingdom n = 2025; Spain n = 1951; and Ireland n = 1041). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor model of conspiracy and paranoid beliefs in each nation sample. Path and equality of constraints analysis revealed that paranoia was more strongly associated with perceptual mistrust (bias towards mistrusting unfamiliar faces) whereas conspiracy was more strongly associated with mistrust in political institutions. Although interpersonal mistrust and trust in social sources of information were associated significantly with conspiracy their association with paranoid beliefs was stronger. These findings clarify the role of different trust processes in both belief systems. Limitations of this study are discussed.

Right-wing extremism and authoritarianism have been identified as major, if not the major threats to democracy in recent years. The rise of right-wing extremist and populist parties in many democratic countries throughout the world has renewed the interest in identifying the roots and determinants of these anti-democratic attitudes. Even though factors on many levels of analysis (macro-, meso- and micro-level) have been taken into consideration as possible sources of the development of these kinds of positions, the relationship of interpersonal trust with both right-wing extremism and authoritarianism has yet to be systematically examined. The aim of the current study was to shed light on the connection between these constructs by analyzing data from a German representative study conducted in 2018 (N = 2,416). Multiple linear regression found interpersonal trust to reliably predict all facets of right-wing extremism and authoritarianism included in the study, even when controlling for standard socioeconomic factors (e.g. age, gender, education, income). The lack of interpersonal trust may thus be seen as a major contributing factor to right-wing extremist and authoritarian attitudes. As such, it should be included in future studies about this topic and the nature of the revealed connection should be further examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

European states responded to the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 with a variety of public policy measures. In this article we ask what can account for this variation in policy responses, and we identify a number of factors related to institutions, general governance and specific health-sector related capacities, societal trust, government type, and party preferences as possible determinants. Using multivariate regression and survival analysis, we model the speed with which school closures and national lockdowns were imposed. The models suggest a number of significant and often counterintuitive relationships: more centralized countries with lower government effectiveness, freedom and societal trust, but with separate ministries of health and health ministers with medical background acted faster and more decisively. High perceived capacity might have provided false confidence to the governments, resulting in a delayed response to the early stages of the pandemic. Furthermore, more right-wing and authoritarian governments responded faster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interpersonal trust is significant in the development of society. Attachment theory provides a framework for understanding the trust-building process. Although many studies have investigated the association between attachment and interpersonal trust, controversy still exists regarding their correlation and the separate effects of attachment anxiety and avoidance on interpersonal trust. This meta-analysis summarized the combined relationship between both attachment dimensions and interpersonal trust in adults by including 53 articles reporting 149 effect sizes (N = 45,166). The results revealed that both attachment dimensions were negatively, concurrently, and longitudinally associated with interpersonal trust. Further, subgroup analyses indicated that attachment avoidance was more strongly related to interpersonal trust than attachment anxiety (F (1,291) = 459.568, p <.001). The effect sizes varied across cultures, trust figures, and sample sizes. The effect sizes between attachment anxiety (r = −.038) and attachment avoidance (r = −.15) on interpersonal trust in Chinese studies were both lower than in Western studies. Our results highlight the importance of attachment security in interpersonal relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic not only increased the risk of poor physical health but also brought about a crisis of spiritual health through restrictions on worship services. This study examined the spiritual health of Christians living in the era of COVID-19 and analyzed the role of personal religious practice and interpersonal trust in the church. To this end, 600 Christian adults were surveyed. This study found that women's spiritual experience was higher than men's and tended to be higher with older age and the length of faith. These results were linked to church duties, as duty holders had more spiritual experience than laypersons. Regarding individual religious practice and interpersonal trust, the group who frequently prayed and read the Bible and the group with high interpersonal trust in the church had high daily spiritual experiences, respectively. A comprehensive analysis through decision tree analysis showed that prayer was the variable showing the greatest difference in daily spiritual experience, while Bible reading was the second most important personal religious activity. Regarding church interpersonal trust, interaction-based trust and institution-based trust contributed to enhancing personal spiritual experience. Personal religious practice was reported as a more important variable in the promotion of spiritual experience than interpersonal factors during COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legal consciousness is the individual consciousness which reflects legal phenomena. Well-developed legal consciousness plays a crucial role in informing citizens of his legal right and ability to exercise these rights, therefore forms certain connections of individuals and society, and its development is a key part of individual's socialization process. Here, we investigated the emotion aspect of legal consciousness (henceforth legal emotion) and tried to identify several factors affecting the development of legal emotion and several factors affected by legal emotion. A large sample of Chinese junior middle school students (N = 967) completed a battery of self-reported questionnaires regarding legal emotion, peer attachment, self-esteem, prosocial tendencies, and interpersonal trust. The results indicated that for early adolescents, peer attachment predicts both positive and negative legal emotion. Importantly, peer attachment affects legal emotion partially through selfesteem. We also showed that negative legal emotion acted as a mediator on the relationship between interpersonal trust and prosocial tendencies. The results provided important insights into the role of legal emotion, the emotion aspect of legal consciousness, in the social interactions and its potential psychological mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the social exchange theory (SET) and research on leadership influences, we developed and inspected a multilevel model to test the conditions and mechanisms through which a leader's behavioral integrity (LBI) deters workplace ostracism (WO). We used trust as a mediator and the narcissistic personality of a leader as a boundary condition in the connection between a LBI and WO. Data were collected from 249 employees working in different five- and four-star hotels in Pakistan over three time lags. The statistical results revealed that a LBI reduces WO. Additionally, a LBI has an indirect effect on WO through interpersonal trust. We did not find statistical support for the moderating role of the narcissistic personality of a leader in the relationship between a LBI and WO. Implications, along with limitations and future research directions, are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]