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Purpose: To examine socialization experiences of physical educators who deliver strength and conditioning (S&C) programming, particularly the development of subjective theories, expertise, orientations, and perceived mattering. Methods: Thirty-one secondary school physical educators providing S&C instruction/supervision as part of required duties completed in-depth interviews with Occupational Socialization Theory as a guiding framework for analysis. Results: Themes developed were: (a) acculturation and organizational socialization influence beliefs, (b) S&C professional development is scarce, (c) S&C in physical education is a sporting endeavor, (d) blurred lines between teaching and coaching, and (e) S&C-related programs matter. Discussion: Physical educators delivering S&C programming lack adequate preservice preparation and professional development, and experience both role conflict and decreased marginalization. Physical education teacher education programs should offer more formal S&C training for safe and effective instruction/supervision. Schools should provide S&C-related professional development to maximize student learning and safety and avoid potential legal liability.

Global university rankings (GUR) have become increasingly influential as a proxy measure of higher education quality. The more recent development of regionalised forms of rankings has increased their global reach, drawing a greatly expanded range of institutions into their orbit. As a result, regionalised GUR have developed an increasing potential power to shape social perceptions, institutional actions, and everyday academic practices. In this paper, the perceived impact of regionalised forms of GUR is analysed from the perspective of Latin American higher education. Based on a critical meta-synthesis framed by a "glonacal heuristic" (Marginson and Rhoades, Higher Education 43:281-309, 2002), the tensions arising around the application of regionalised forms of global rankings are mapped. Specifically, the impact of rankings on conceptions of the mission of universities is foregrounded. The meta-synthesis identifies three primary tensions around the regional application of GUR in Latin American contexts: how conceptions of regional higher education quality are most effectively developed, how the local university is imagined under the weight of global expectations, and the relativised value of local agency in assessing quality outcomes. The findings suggest that GUR have created strong fissures in Latin American higher education regarding the missions of institutions, particularly in confronting the powerful hegemonies of the epistemologies of the Global North imposing themselves on Latin American higher education. The paper concludes that the stratification and social anxiety caused by the regional applications of GUR may not be necessarily productive in encouraging regional institutional diversity or in enhancing the local relevance of higher education.

This article centers the counternarratives of four Asian American motherscholar teacher educators presented as letters to our children in which we apply tenets of AsianCrit to parenting and education, with racial realism at the forefront. Using Asian Critical Theory and motherscholar research to frame our analysis, themes within and across the data include pressures of cultural assimilation and identity loss, intersectional identities, compliance and resistance to Asianization, and learning from our children. Our Asian American motherscholar stories serve as examples of motherhood as an asset to critical scholarship and praxis.

Purpose: Developing a sense of belonging among immigrant youth in multicultural contexts has attracted significant attention from scholars during the last few decades. Studies have already underscored how various educational factors hinder or facilitate students' sense of belonging to the school or the larger society. Although most students in Hong Kong schools are ethnic Chinese, a significant number of non-Chinese children make students diversity an essential aspect of schooling. The study investigated how schools can develop a sense of belonging among ethnic minority youth in Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach: As the education system in Hong Kong lacks a multicultural education policy, how can schools help develop a sense of belonging to the school and the larger society among young ethnic minority people? To answer this question, this paper consolidates the two sets of data originally gathered for two research projects. The data was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with nine secondary school teachers (Chinese and non-Chinese) and 15 students (non-Chinese) and analysed thematically. Findings: The thematic analysis of the qualitative data identified several challenges and opportunities for developing ethnic minority students' sense of belonging in Hong Kong. Research limitations/implications: Researchers in comparative education can further explore how multicultural education and inclusive education approach together can help ensure inclusive and equitable quality education for all and cater to students' diverse learning needs across the education systems. Practical implications: Given that the aims of multicultural education and inclusive education resonate with each other, schools can focus on the Whole School Approach to developing a sense of belonging among ethnic minority youth in Hong Kong. However, policymakers and practitioners may need to adopt a multifaceted perspective on inclusive education that strives to ensure equitable quality education for all. Originality/value: The study contributes to the existing body of scholarship on multicultural education and inclusive education. The study findings underscore the importance of an interdisciplinary research framework in education and advocate an integrative approach to supporting students with diverse learning needs in multicultural contexts.

Objective: The needs and experiences of Chinese international students in the context of secondary education have been largely under-researched. Tertiary education research has shown international student populations are particularly susceptible to acculturative stressors, loneliness, and isolation in host cultures therefore it is important to consider these factors amongst secondary students studying abroad who are potentially even more vulnerable. Method: This qualitative research explored the experiences and challenges faced by Chinese secondary students in Australia and their help-seeking behaviour. Interview data was collected from 17 participants across two different school settings. Results: Thematic analysis identified three key themes; Adjustment Difficulties, Academic Difference and Help-seeking and support. It was found that the challenges experienced by international students consisted of living, academic and sociocultural factors. Participants reported experiencing cultural discrimination but were reluctant to seek formal help for this. Conclusion: The results have implications for Australian secondary schools given the high number of international students that study in the country. Recommendations are made for how international students can be better supported.

The current study explored the experiences of Asian International Students (AISs) in terms of mental health, disclosure and help-seeking within Higher Education in Scotland, UK. A qualitative study using individual semi-structured interviews with AISs (n = 20) was used and an inductive thematic approach to analysis was conducted. Three major themes were developed: (1) Negative beliefs, stigma and fear of judgment, (2) Adaptation and acculturation difficulties and (3) Barriers in communication, social disconnection and loneliness. Supporting AISs involves challenging negative judgements surrounding mental health, increasing mental health literacy and addressing barriers that may inhibit disclosure and help-seeking behaviour. The need for culturally sensitive mental health practitioners and awareness of diverse understandings of mental health issues is essential to improving support for AISs.

The aim of this exploratory sequential mixed methods study was to examine the beliefs of Early Childhood Education teachers regarding the enculturation process of children. Eleven 2-year-old classroom teachers (M[subscript age]= 40.64; DT = 7.43; 81.81% female) participated in the qualitative phase, and 256 teachers (M[subscript age] = 42.25; DT = 9.78; 90.3% female) participated in the quantitative one. Based on interviews, four main themes were identified: Routines and habits, Values, Models of behavior, and Knowledge. Based on the qualitative results, an instrument was created to measure the teachers' beliefs regarding enculturation in Early Childhood Education and Care. High convergence was obtained between the qualitative and quantitative results, supporting the idea that teachers are active agents of enculturation and social role models for children. We conclude that enculturation should be a curricular objective and that it deserves a greater presence in professional development programs for Early Childhood Education teachers.

Composing lives that have a sense of coherence is part of the identity making of refugee families and shapes their attempts for social inclusion. Their struggles for narrative coherence are shaped by the bumping places and tensions that they experience as their lives bump against dominant narratives that structure the policies and practices of many institutions including schools. Using narrative inquiry, we inquired into the experiences of three Syrian refugee families as they bumped against institutional policies and practices. Drawing on two years spent alongside children and their parents we composed field and research texts that showed the importance to understand social inclusion in school settings through the experiences of individual children and families. It is important to focus on experience to redefine the significance of narrative coherence in relation to social inclusion and to create spaces for telling stories that can help transform school policies and practices.

Despite persistent calls to support international students on campuses, there is little research about the attitudes that higher education professionals, in particular academic advisors, hold about international students. Through a neo-racism framework, we found multiple neo-racist attitudes that have the potential to negatively impact academic advisor-international student relations including (a) homogenization of identity, (b) forced assimilation, and (c) racialized fetishization. We explore academic advisors' attitudes and socialization processes and provide implications for praxis.

Migrants' children face challenges when returning to their parent's home country, which is usually unfamiliar to them. This qualitative study explores this phenomenon to understand more about the experiences of returnee children regarding their social-educational (re)integration and adaptation, the challenges they faced, and the mechanisms they have developed to overcome them. Results are discussed from the perspective of acculturative stress and social networks, identifying the struggle that returnees have to adapt and acculturate to their new home because of the lack of competence in the Spanish language and the consequences of the discrimination they suffer in the social environment, namely school and in their parents' hometowns. However, results also shed light on how returnees create social networks with classmates and family members who help them overcome these challenges, fears, and feelings of alienation.

Israel's population includes over a million Russian-speaking immigrants and more than 300,000 native English speakers. These groups differ in social integration and in the status of their heritage languages in Israel. We compared children's and parents' perceptions of children's identities, language abilities, and language preferences among Russian-Hebrew and English-Hebrew bilinguals via sociolinguistic questionnaires. Forty-six Russian-Hebrew (RH) and 15 English-Hebrew (EH) bilingual children and their parents participated. Analyses addressed inter-generational (children vs. parents) and inter-group (RH vs. EH) differences. Identity ratings revealed both child--parent and group differences. Identity. RH parents and children differed regarding perceived Home and Societal identities. EH children and parents agreed about Home identity but not about Israeli identity. RH parents gave higher ratings to their children's HL/Russian abilities than their children did, while EH parents and children both rated HL abilities as higher than Societal language abilities. Both RH and EH parents expressed greater preferences for the SL/Hebrew than their children, but parents' and children's ratings of preferences for the Home language differed for the two groups. Examining relations among perceived identity, language abilities, and preferences in children and their parents, the study sheds light on the children's patterns of socialisation, acculturation, and maintenance of home language identity.

This study is a sociolinguistic exploration into the survival of a transnational language in the United States - a multilingual and multicultural environment. Using an adapted General Ethnicity Questionnaire, it interrogates the social dimensions of heritage language use and the diverse linguistic experiences of 120 first-generation Yorùbá-English Nigerian Immigrants living in New York, Texas, and Maryland. It also conducts structured interviews with 30 of them. The study tests two hypotheses that examine the significance of age and length of stay on heritage language use. Findings reveal that first-generation Yorùbá-English Nigerian Immigrants report high frequencies of heritage language use with their co-ethnic peers as well as in their self-created micro-linguistic markets. Results also show that age and the length of stay are significant to heritage language use in the United States. Finally, these immigrants create enabling environments where the heritage language is used frequently, ensuring continued use and survival.

A growing body of research on identity and language learning has investigated how immigrant learners construct their identities in the process of acquiring a second language (L2). Much of the research, however, is situated in Western contexts. This study looks at how three Thai immigrants acquired an L2, Cantonese, and constructed their identities in their host society--Hong Kong. Drawing on the data collected from semi-structured interviews, onsite observation, and informal conversations, this study shows that the three Thai immigrants built multiple identities that allowed them to have access to the target language learning resources and practices. They embraced selective acculturation by maintaining their Thai identity and preserving their cultural heritage, which had a positive influence on their acquisition of the target language. The study suggests that language learners need to claim powerful identities and exercise human agency in their interaction with target language speakers to facilitate language learning.

Chinese students studying in the United States face great challenges when adapting to cultural, linguistic, and pedagogical differences. Although discouraged in the literature, self-segregation is a practice common among some international students and is especially prevalent in the Chinese community. This qualitative study explored the motivation and frequency of this practice vis-à-vis social support, and its effect on the participants' sense of belonging. Insider status was employed to conduct focus groups of mainland Chinese students currently enrolled in graduate programs at a Mid-Atlantic University in the United States. Findings from the study explore how administrators, educators, and the students themselves view the practice of self-segregation and its consequences.

The violence, and instability because of civil war in Syria have caused millions of people to leave their country. Many countries have been affected from this migration. Turkey is one of the countries that has been significantly affected from this crisis. Turkey is trying to provide some services to Syrian people. Education is one of them. For education of this large population the schools called temporary education centers (TECs) were established by Turkish government. In this way, it is aimed to integrate Syrian asylum seekers children into the Turkish education system. But, TECs have major disadvantages on issues such as bureaucracy, school building, and student absenteeism. Simultaneously, various solutions are employed to overcome these disadvantages. In the current research, TECs' disadvantages, and solution proposal; which developed for Syrian asylum seeker children into Turkish education system were investigated. The investigations performed in a TEC, which located in Elbistan district of Kahramanmaras province in Turkey. Phenomenology was used in the research, and a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher was used. Participants were determined through convenience sample approach. In this context, the opinions of six TEC employees, including Syrian educators who shared the same fate with Syrian asylum seeker children, were sought. The findings show TECs are intertwined with disadvantages such as lack of school building, overcrowded classrooms, limited social, and cultural activities, and lessening environmental support. The research intends to present firsthand solution proposals to the problems in the education provided for asylum seeker children. Results includes some clues on the relationship between mass migration, and education.

The number of students expanding their academic programs to include learning experiences abroad had been, prior to the recent outbreak of the Coronavirus, steadily increasing over the past two decades. This mixed-method study investigates the cultural identification of short-term study abroad participants and its influence on their acculturation process. Quantitative data from a widely-used acculturation scale were collected from participants before and after the program. In addition, qualitative data from participants' journals were examined, elucidating the role the study abroad experience played in their cultural identification. This investigation revealed statistically significant effects of cultural experiences on cultural identification, specifically decreases in cultural identification scores. This study supports the concept of cultural identification as a continuum rather than as a dichotomy. Implications suggest that a deeper understanding of students' cultural identifications can be helpful in developing study abroad programs that promote the goals of student awareness, cultural sensitivity, and global competence.

This paper focuses on the experience of international undergraduate students as they move into a university environment. Utilising a phenomenological approach with Schlossberg's Theory of Transition as the framework, data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 19 undergraduate students, all enrolled in one private university. The study found that their moving-in experiences were influenced by their aspirations, feelings and expectations. Conflicting emotions accompanied their departure from their home country: sorrow and anxiety versus excitement for their new life. Aided by a relatively smooth immigration process, the students moved on to experience memorable moments where friendships were formed and exploration of the surrounding areas was acculturated. Challenges faced include those of physical nature (weather and food), academic, and perhaps the most serious of which, psychosocial: in the form of homesickness and feeling of foreignness.

International students (IS) face unique challenges when attending higher education institutions in the United States that derive from acculturative stress and contribute to feelings of loneliness and depressive symptoms. This study examined the sense of meaning as a moderator in the relationship between acculturative stress, loneliness, and depressive symptoms in IS. A quantitative research design using a linear multiple regression model was employed to investigate the interplay between the variables. The findings of 80 participants indicated that there is a significant relationship between acculturative stress, loneliness, and depressive symptoms. The results also indicate that a sense of meaning moderated the relationship between acculturative stress and depressive symptoms. These results may assist counselor educators, mental health clinicians, and higher education administrators to better serve the IS population.

Acculturative stress is associated with negative mental health among culturally diverse individuals. Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) individuals experience acculturative stress as they navigate within and between the Hearing and Deaf communities, yet, research has not examined the relationship between deaf acculturative stress and psychological functioning. This study examined the relationships between deaf acculturative stress, well-being, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. One hundred and ten DHH adults (71.6% female, 82.7% White, median age = 30-39) completed an online survey including the Multidimensional Inventory of Deaf Acculturative Stress (MIDAS), demographic questions, and measures of psychological functioning. After controlling for relevant sociodemographic factors, the MIDAS Stress from the Deaf and Hearing Community scales emerged as significant predictors of well-being and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Findings are discussed within the context of DHH sociocultural experiences, and suggestions for future research are offered to inform clinical work with DHH individuals.

This study examined family cohesion and conflict as moderators of associations between discrimination stress and adaptation stress and psychological distress among Latinx youth. Participants included 199 Latinx adolescents (M[subscript age] = 13.68). Seventy nine percent were immigrants and 73% had family origins in Mexico. Discrimination stress and adaptation stress had differential associations with psychological distress and with indices of family functioning. Hierarchical regression analysis found significant interactions of family cohesion with both adaptation and discrimination stress. High levels of family cohesion protected against negative effects of discrimination stress. Although high levels of family cohesion were associated with less distress overall, family cohesion appeared to potentiate negative effects of adaptation stress. Results suggest a complex relation of family cohesion with Latinx youths' emotional well-being, pointing to the need for research examining the role of extra-familial support resources for helping those youth overcome acculturative stress.

Positive priming encourages adult immigrant students to become more involved in their learning activities and increases their chances of success in their host society. The use of priming effects in teaching adult immigrants, however, is not sufficiently explored in the educational literature. This article therefore fills this gap by presenting a pedagogical strategy consisting in using positive priming activities in civic integration classes to develop a positive mental attitude in students. The paper explains how the effect of positive priming can be achieved by engaging adult students in sharing their positive impressions and experiences in the host society. The practical strategies discussed were tested in multicultural groups composed of men and women and they can be used by educators to animate civic integration courses as well as instructors working with adult students in other programs.

Research routinely suggests that international students often struggle in engaging with other student groups. This study, therefore, examines to what extent and how the intercultural attitudes and intentions of new international students in three Dutch educational institutions related to their acculturation orientation preferences (AOPs) during the "honeymoon" stage. Their AOPs were investigated across four social contact domains: living, schoolwork, friendships, and general interactions. Using structural equation modelling, results from 198 respondents indicate that intercultural intentions predicted their AOPs, with multicultural integration the most preferred strategy and marginalization the least preferred. Results of a simple mediation analysis show that intercultural intentions mediated the effect of intercultural attitudes for students adopting multicultural integration and separation strategies. Interview findings from 25 participants indicate that students sometimes adopted different orientations across the social contact domains. Internationally oriented higher education institutions should further support new students in their planning for intercultural interactions.

This article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of educational environment design in the arrangement of the schoolwork with children from migrant families so that they could positively adapt to the conditions of school and integrate into the culture of the host country. Based on a generalization of the problems faced by migrant children, the characteristics of educational environment design models and technologies, and international experience in developing and designing electronic educational resources, designing the process of teaching and educating children from migrant families, regardless of their social status, the role and place of educational environment design, as well as the conditions and mechanisms of increasing the effectiveness of designing the educational environment of educational and training processes for children from migrant families are outlined. The reasons for the introduction of interactive methods of teaching and educating migrant children, especially during the adaptation period, are outlined. Educational environment design is considered from the position of a systematic approach to the design of the educational process, in which the content, methodology and conditions of the organization are subordinated to a single goal, and the roles of not only teachers, but also the families of migrant children, peers, other people and organizations are defined in this system.

The purpose of the research was to identify the perceptions and attitudes of university students in the main border and receiving city of Venezuelan migrants in Colombia, to validate the tendency registered in several studies and surveys where discriminatory and xenophobic practices were evident. Through an instrument made up of 35 questions and applied to 216 young people between 16 and 28 years of age, it can be concluded that despite the information they receive from the media, university students understand that the decision to migrate was motivated by adverse situations that Venezuelan people face in their country, putting their survival at risk. This opens the possibility of designing and implementing strategies that promote economic integration, but also cultural integration, based on diversity, respect as a value and recognition of the other not only from the media scenario but also from the communicative action itself.

As more universities internationalize, interest in engagement between international and domestic students has increased. University initiatives to bring students together often adopt a deficit approach dependent on international students' adjustment to the host culture, overlooking the need for engagement to be a two-way exchange and the role of the institution in this process. Focusing on academic group work as a salient site of cross-national interaction, this study draws on analysis of focus group data to explore how institutional habitus or unwritten rules are enacted at a large U.S. university. Findings indicated that domestic students were better socialized to understand the habitus of the institution and tended to take charge in group work. In contrast, international students were seen as linguistically and academically deficient and were relegated to passive roles in a group. Important implications for practitioners and scholars of U.S. higher education are discussed.

This research investigates how the acculturation motivation (AM) of new international students develops over time, and which factors play a role in this development. In the context of a Dutch university, we interviewed 25 students from 17 countries three times over eight months. The findings show that initial AM levels can be categorized as high or low. These AM levels evolved into four patterns in the three interview rounds: high-low-low, high-low-high, low-high-low, and low-high-high. After four months, twelve factors emerged as affecting the development of students' AM levels. Prominent factors were prior international experience, language issues, and perceived student identities. After eight months, seven additional factors contributed to subsequent changes in students' AM levels, including the perceived international learning environment, friendship networks, and teachers' role in intercultural contacts. Findings suggest that universities can introduce interventions which could improve international students' acculturation experiences at specific times.

International students have been a growing presence in U.S. higher education institutions for over a decade. Feelings of belonging play a crucial role in the adjustment of these students to campus life in American universities, and their conationals play a significant role in facilitating this adjustment process. However, the role of belonging and co-national communities in facilitating the persistence of international students toward and beyond degree attainment remains understudied. In our examination of the aspirations of 642 international students across 9 U.S. universities, we establish that stronger feelings of academic and social belonging are associated with a higher likelihood of aspiring to stay in the United States after graduation. In particular, we demonstrate the presence of an academic enclave effect wherein larger communities of co-nationals have a stronger influence on the aspirations of international students with low social belonging but does not affect the aspirations of socially well-integrated international students.

This study examines the dimensionality of a new measure of international students' adjustment using a sample of 189 international students. Drawing on earlier conceptualizations of cross-cultural adjustment as a person-environment fit and a previous scale measuring adjustment from the expatriate literature, this study shows that this scale can be meaningfully adapted to the higher education context. Confirmatory factor analyses identified a stable 8-factor structure with adequate psychometric properties. Descriptive analysis confirms that international students are fairly adjusted in a number of distinct domains. The findings also provide criterion-related validity by showing positive associations between host social interaction and host connectedness and students' adjustment. This study contributes to the literature by offering a theoretically based scale that assesses international students' adjustment on a wide range of dimensions. It puts forward a useful tool for higher education counsellors and support services to monitor international students' adjustment and avoid adjustment difficulties.

The purpose of this article is to propose a possible way to integrate cultural knowledge into English teaching by using children literature. It also presents an alternative method for researchers to investigate personal identity by using a character from literature as a case study. The article also offers an example of an exploration of the main characters' identity in Jasmin Warga's Other Words for Home. The story represented a life of a twelve-year-old girl from Syria who left behind the war torn city order to live in United States. Her identity formation process was analyzed through the theory of Symbolic Interactionism. Themes found from her journey of moving into new culture included "self as an English language learner" prior to moving to the United States and "self as an immigrant" was presented when she entered American society. her This teaching method might be useful in promoting English learners to become integratively motivated which can be achieved by understanding the cultural and ideological aspects and by developing a cross-cultural awareness of the how to become part of community that speak the target language.

This essay compares and contrasts the educational movements of three nations--the United States, Mexico, and the Soviet Union--established according to Eurocentric cultural values. In each country, mass education was undertaken to help produce an assimilative national culture during formative periods characterized by instability. In two of these nations, the U.S. and Mexico, this foundation eventually required an accommodation to address multiculturalism. This latter-day perspective is designed to recognize, respect, and appreciate a variety of cultures. This essay examines the ways in which these two oppositional goals--monoculturalism and multiculturalism--have intersected in schools.

Culture and heritage language (HL) preservation are crucial to developing children of immigrants' ethnic and social identity, creating a sense of belonging, and fostering family and ethnic community support. However, numerous challenges permeate the experiences of underrepresented ethnolinguistic groups like Brazilian immigrants who are largely invisible in the United States. Therefore, this study investigated the lived experiences of second-generation Brazilian adolescents with culture and HL preservation. In-depth interviews and a focus group were conducted with 13 participants. The findings highlighted the participants' embrace of their Brazilian ethnic identity and rejection of their American citizenship, and emphasized HL in affirming their identities and confronting discrimination. [Note: The issue number (1) shown on the PDF is incorrect. The correct issue number for this article is n2.]

Black students originating from African and Caribbean nations are well represented in the ranks of international students attending U.S. colleges, at over 51,000 annually (Institute of International Education, 2021). In addition to contributing heavily to the overall economic impact of the universities they attend (NAFSA, 2021), Black foreign-born students play a critically important role in adding diversity of thought and perspective to these academic communities. However, because of the additional socio-political challenges they face in a racially polarized United States, these students must navigate a more difficult pathway to acculturation and desirable academic outcomes than their non-Black peers. This qualitative study examines the phenomenological experiences of 15 foreign-born Black students from the subSaharan African and Caribbean regions -- lived experiences found at the intersection of immigration, race, and higher education. The findings suggest that the interpolations of race salience, racism, and racial microaggressions all contribute to negative acculturation postures whereby the students are more likely to reject rather than accept the host country's cultural norms. This aversive positionality leads to increased acculturative stressors and a higher likelihood of self-construed feelings of marginalization or separation.

This study investigates the relationship between Facebook use and acculturation using Berry's acculturation orientations and Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) as theoretical frameworks. The researchers followed 15 international students' Facebook walls during their first and second semester in the U.S. by creating a fake Facebook page to be added as the international students' social network. The major findings of this study include (a) the pattern of Facebook postings was the same during the semester, (b) international students used convergence communication strategies to better communicate with people in their network, and (c) some participants' Facebook postings indicate a strong identification with their home culture.

Tertiary education providers increasingly recruit international teaching staff in their drive to fill skills gaps and build institutional knowledge and research capacity but literature examining the adjustment experiences of these academic migrants remains limited. This multiple case study focuses on Aotearoa New Zealand's ITP (Institutes of Technology and Polytechnics) sector and explores how the experience of migration has impacted on four long-term academic staff with a range of industry, teaching and research experience. Adapting to a new teaching and learning environment presented initial challenges for some of these migrant teaching staff, but their overall adjustment experience has been positive. The study identifies factors which have influenced their successful acculturation and highlights how these international teaching professionals are contributing significantly to the academic life of their institution, particularly in the area of curriculum development.

Emotional Intelligence (EQ) is a multifaceted ability that helps individuals to sense, understand, value, and effectively apply the power of emotions as a source of information, trust, creativity, and influence (Goleman, 2006; Mayer et al., 2011). The five components (self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, motivation, and social skill) embedded within EQ may work solely or collectively to cope with everyday life events that international students may encounter. Such an emotional tool kit may help multicultural international students handle several adverse situations. This study focused on an auto-ethnographic account of the learning experience of one international graduate student's transition to becoming a scholar within a new cultural context. Self-reflection on the hurdles and socio-emotional challenges experienced during the transition to becoming a graduate student in Ontario informs the analysis. Findings suggest the need for Canadian universities to incorporate multiple components of EQ into their international university services, including mindfulness, self-regulation, and stress management.

Research on the international students primarily focuses on adjustment and acculturation issues rather than building and maintaining the wellness of specific cultural groups of international students. This study used basic psychological needs involved in self-determination theory to investigate the relationship between autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs, self-determined way of functioning, and wellness of Turkish international students in the U.S. Data was collected before COVID-19 pandemic using a self-administered survey from 179 (71 females) Turkish international students with a mean age of 29.7 years. The results indicated that the perceived total wellness of Turkish international students was slightly low. The results of regression analyses revealed that autonomy, competence, and relatedness are positive and significant predictors of Turkish international students' wellness. Furthermore, Turkish international students with a greater self-determined way of functioning report a higher level of wellness. We recommend culture specific implications and further research to maintain international students' wellness in their sojourn.

Cultural diversity in the 21st century makes it imperative for managers to examine the multidimensional construct of cultural intelligence, aiming to solve cross-cultural problems, mitigate culture shock and promote a harmonious work environment. Using the quota sampling technique, this quantitative paper gathered data from three subgroups in Bangkok: Thai, Chinese and ASEAN employees from two organizations settings, consisting of heterogeneous and homogeneous employees. The relationship between the four dimensions of cultural intelligence proposed by Earley and Ang (2003), to sociocultural adaptation developed by Wilson (2013), and psychological adjustment developed by Demes and Geeraert (2014), was hypothesized. Results of Structural Equation Modeling, Multiple Group Analysis and ANOVA, fully or partially supported the predictions hypothesized, indicating differences on the dimensions of cultural intelligence and cultural adaptation across different sub-groups of expatriates, within a single national culture. The assumption of these findings is that expatriates exposed to a host culture, in contrast to their own, can be coached prior to an international assignment with cross-cultural capabilities, so as to avoid depersonalization while simultaneously mastering diverse skills in a cultural context in order to excel with job accomplishments and integration within a culture. The dual dimensions of sociocultural and psychological adjustment can be conceptualized independently, to procure an in-depth picture of expatriates from diverse cultural backgrounds.

This study examined the effect of Yunnan's ethnic minority college students' acculturation on their academic achievement under the risk of the Matthew effect. Additionally, the role played by learning motivation in the relationship between ethnic minority college students' acculturation and academic achievement was explored. A total of 403 valid questionnaires were collected from four areas in Yunnan province, China. Consequently, the Acculturation Scale, Academic Achievement Scale, and Learning Motivation Scale were used for measurement materials. These items of scales were evaluated on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). SPSS (statistical package for the social sciences) and AMOS (analysis of a moment structures) softwares were used for data analyses. In addition, items were analyzed through item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis and regression analysis. These results indicated that ethnic minority college students with low acculturation and learning motivation or high acculturation and low learning motivation can become objects of the Matthew effect. However, this study also observed that in certain students, high acculturation and high learning motivation can prevent the Matthew effect. Thus, high acculturation is crucial for improving academic achievement in ethnic minority college students. A level of high learning motivation is a powerful moderator promoting the academic achievement of students with high acculturation.

Cultures recreate themselves constantly, sometimes through natural transformations, sometimes through imposition. While colonialism was atrocious, partly because it transformed cultures by imposing disfigured identities and understandings (Fanon, 1963), we cannot reset cultures to how they were before conquest. That would require erasing languages now spoken for generations, dismantling religions and beliefs now practiced for hundreds of years, and purifying food habits now valued by the palettes of those formerly colonized. We can, however, work towards decolonizing our present-day society. Specifically, we can identify how colonialism continues to position some populations and their cultures as inferior (minoritized) and others as superior (majoritized; Vaccaro, 2021). We can also explore how colonized cultures adapted to colonialism, leading to the fusion or mestizaje of cultures that, in spite of colonial atrocities, led to new, intersectional identities that have now fallen prey to the same hegemonic perspectives of the past. And we can examine how natural mestizaje that occurs with immigration can be subject to contradictory pressures to assimilate to colonial ideals and to resist colonial influences. This paper proposes that Catholic schools are in a privileged position to contribute to decolonization by aiding students' transcultural acculturation (Mudambi, 2021a; Mudambi, 2021b). Furthermore, this article offers specific actions in which Catholic schools can engage to mobilize education towards decolonization and, in doing so, foster a Christian culture of equity and justice, while serving as a model for other education systems.

A person's name(s) is typically tied to their family, culture, and sense of identity. Consequently, when a child's name is inaccurately pronounced, altered, or avoided, a host of adverse consequences may transpire. Although seemingly innocuous, this necessitates attention, as name mispronunciation and change perpetuate microaggressions ubiquitous for marginalized populations, often in school contexts. In reflection of this, an Intrinsic Case Study, underpinned by a Social Constructivist Philosophical paradigm, was conducted to assemble the experiences of three adults in Ontario, Canada, who had their names mispronounced or changed in early educational experiences. The findings of this research signify that name mispronunciation and modification are pervasive and that teachers are often central contributors to this phenomenon. Moreover, findings denote that discord between one's identity and cultural self is affiliated with name-orientated microaggressions. Participants of this study beseech teachers to denounce insensitive practices by pledging to accurately pronounce and honour each child's name and in so doing engender more favourable longitudinal outcomes.

This inquiry into narrative explores the often-silenced migration narratives of three refugee students from Afghanistan, Syria, and Iraq. It is centered around two particular wonderings based in a critical literacy framework. First, what tenets of critical literacy seem most prominent in the narratives of refugee students from the Middle East? Second, what critical understanding of their migration experience do refugee students bring to the classroom? The conceptualized framework is understood as "The Centrality of Experience in Critical Literacy," wherein experience is central and valuable. This study applies the framework using stories as the source from which to better understand how individuals make sense of their worlds. Through a five-phase analysis, which included: free coding, literature derived coding, analysis of time and sequence, narrative pattern coding, and analysis of language, I find rich understandings of 1) the political, non-neutral nature of the world, 2) a fight for access to knowledge, and 3) a hope for envisioned future possibilities as the students seek belonging, refuge, and dreams, reclaiming the power of their own narratives. This inquiry into narrative additionally contributes the three stories and two audio recordings as a cultural data set, which can be used in the classroom.

This study investigated the role of cultural literacy and peace education in religious harmonization of different communities in "Kepaksian Sekala Brak," an Islamic-style kingdom in the province of Lampung, Indonesia, that followed Hinduism from the third century until it adopted Islam in the 16th century. A qualitative research approach was used with an ethnographic approach to determine the socio-cultural meaning of a particular community group. Data collection techniques included observation methods, open interviews, and documentation studies. The findings revealed that traditional leaders play an important role in "Sekala Brak"'s cultural literacy and peace education. Indigenous leaders assist the state government system, build local politics, and harmonize religious communities, as evidenced by the concepts and objectives of the traditional leadership of "Kepaksian Sekala Brak." Indigenous community "Kepaksian Sekala Brak," Lampung, was formed from the concept of cultural acculturation, which gave rise to new cultural assimilation. This new culture, called "muakhi" culture, is a form of brotherhood. In the harmonization of religious communities, "Suttan Saibatin" instills the "piil pesenggiri" principle, which contains human values, including mutual cooperation, mutual friendship, openness to the environment, and acceptance of immigrants. In conclusion, culture and peace education in indigenous communities can facilitate harmonization of religious communities that do not highlight one of their religious values. The government must support cultural literacy and peace education for indigenous communities to enable harmonization of religious communities throughout the archipelago.

Norway has large unrealized potential for recruiting students from Africa. In order to increase student mobilisation and integration, it is important to know the potential challenges students from underrepresented continents are likely to face in an environment with severe sociocultural differences. This study examined experiences of 7 international students from East Africa studying in a larger city in Norway. Data was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, and grounded theory was applied. Analyses of the data resulted in the development of a process model, illustrating three main phases international students went through. The initial phase shows the financial, social, and emotional challenges that students faced. In the transitional phase, they found social support from students in similar situations, whereas in the settling phase they tended to mobilize individual and social resources for coping. The results are discussed in light of previous research and concluded with recommendations for higher education institutions.

The purpose of the study was to develop tailored messages for improving mental health and adjustment of Asian international students (AISs) in the United States. The PEN-3 cultural model was used to contextualize the role of culture in mental health needs of AISs. Applying a mixed method approach, the study developed messages through a multistep participatory process consisting of three focus groups (n = 15 participants), 13 individual interviews, one expert consultation, and an online survey (n = 85 responses). Data analysis led to the development of seven broad themes with seven tailored messages under each theme, including increasing the awareness of mental health and reducing stigma; motivational quotes; available and accessible resources for AISs to improve mental health; seeking help from social network and developing interpersonal skills; adjusting to American culture and college life; coping strategies to reduce stress and improve mental health and adjustment; and safety issues. The implications for culturally responsive programs are discussed.

In this paper, through a personal narrative discourse, I explore the influence and the contribution of my cross-cultural study experience in China on my development as a young researcher. Through the Chinese academic culture, I learned some best practices that I consider essential for the blossoming and development of a student. Nonetheless, I also face some challenges such as language problems, communication with teachers, and even with classmates. Despite the issue of language and cultural disparities that were significant upon my arrival, I have managed to adapt and learn from Chinese society, teachers, and students. Also, the challenges that I had to overcome were not comparable to the knowledge acquired, and the rich experience that I have accumulated throughout the years spent in China. Through this personal narrative discourse, the different metaphors used to depict our academic life experience in China can enable the reader to have a kind of educative outlook.