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Metals are mainly transported with suspended sediments in tidal rivers, and it is difficult to describe the transformation process of metals. Freely dissolved metals and suspended metals (including acid‐soluble, reducible, oxidizable, and residual metals) were separately analyzed according to a sequential extraction scheme. The regression of the observed suspended metals and total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations allowed us to couple the two pollutant types. TSS is a highly dynamic parameter, and a model can be developed to simulate TSS transport. Thus, a method including the following five steps was proposed to estimate the loadings of metals entering the sea using TSS concentrations and water quality models: (1) collecting and observing basic information on the hydrological conditions, pollution sources, and water quality of the studied river; (2) obtaining a regression model between the suspended metals and TSS and analyzing the potential of establishing a suspended metal flux model; (3) introducing a model describing the fluxes of water‐soluble metals into the sea; (4) establishing a calculation model to determine the fluxes of suspended metals into the sea; and (5) characterizing the fluxes of metals into the sea. The method was programmed, and metal concentrations and fluxes could be characterized quickly when the basic river data were sufficient. In addition, if regional development scenarios could be set, metal loadings in all scenarios could be predicted through the procedure developed herein, and some effective suggestions on regional sustainable development might be proposed for decision makers. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:198–208. © 2021 SETAC KEY POINTS: A procedure for the metals' flux estimation into the sea from the tidal river using the total suspended solids concentrations and water quality models was proposed.The regressions of the suspended metals and the total suspended solids concentrations observed allowed for coupling of the two pollutants.The freely dissolved metals and suspended ones (including acid‐soluble, reducible, oxidizable, and residue) were separately simulated.The methodology was programmed, and the metals' concentrations and fluxes could be characterized quickly when the basic data on the river was sufficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management of early stage glottic carcinoma involving the anterior commissure is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a thyroid cartilage window (TCW) technique for transoral laser resection of early glottic cancer with involvement of the anterior commissure. Twenty-one patient who underwent a TCW technique for transoral resection early glottic carcinoma involving the anterior commissure, were retrospectively analyzed. The technical nuances, organ preservation rate and voice outcomes, local and regional recurrence, and perioperative comorbidities, were assessed. All 21 patients underwent a TCW technique for resection, both the organ preservation rate and negative margin achieved 100%. The local control rate achieved 100%, and the 5 years recurrence free survival was 90.5%. For two patients with subglottic involvement (9.5%), regional recurrence with confirmation of a positive pre-laryngeal lymph node was observed. Postoperative granuloma was detected in all 21 patients, 13 of whom spontaneously disappeared (61.9%); whereas the remaining 8 patients (38.1%) demonstrated a consistent presence of granuloma more than 12 weeks, and they accepted surgical extirpation of granuloma under surface anesthesia. The laryngeal web developed in all 21 patients, while no dyspnea and local recurrence were present. By comparison with preoperative baseline, postoperative self-assessment voice demonstrated a significant improvement (p =.01), while objective voice indices were not significantly altered (p >.05). TCW technique is a valuable means for transoral resection of early glottic laryngeal cancer involving the anterior commissure, with acceptable voice quality and seemingly low comorbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The heart governs the mind" originates from the chapter of Discussion on Six-Plus-Six System and the Manifestations of the Viscera in the Plain Conversation; "The Heart is an organ, the function of which is like that of a monarch, which is responsible for the mind (shén mímg, ..., referring to the higher nervous activities that are governed by the heart including spirit, consciousness, and thinking. "Hence, that the heart governs the mind is a summary of the physiological function of the heart. When exploring the phylogenetic explanation of the origin of the statement, we discovered that the connotation of the mind evolved from the mind (law) of the nature to the mind of the human. Drawing upon the essence of the mind (law) of the nature and the feudal bureaucracy on the basis of "being authorized by the heaven (nature)", and incorporating ancient Chinese philosophy, Chinese physicians in the ancient times formed the concept that the heart houses the mind, meaning the mind of the heart governs and manifests life, and is also home to spirit, consciousness and emotion. Based on relevant anatomic findings, the formation of the belief that the heart governs the mind also integrated knowledge of the nature and humanity. It resulted from the application of the holistic concept of traditional Chinese medicine in the formation of the zang-fu theory. To explore the phylogenesis of the idea that "the heart governs the mind" is of great significance for the inheritance of traditional Chinese medicine theory, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and clarification of conceptual confusion in the later generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to investigate the interaction of Panax quinquefolius saponin (PQS) and dual antiplatelets (aspirin and clopidogrel) on antiplatelet activity and vascular endothelial function in rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly designed into sham group, model group, dual antiplatelet group, and PQS plus dual antiplatelet group. AMI rats were induced by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and dual antiplatelet agents and additional PQS to dual antiplatelets were intragastrically administered for 28 days, respectively. The ventricular cavity area and cardiac transverse area ratio in PQS + dual antiplatelet group showed a decreased tendency. PAgT(%) decreased significantly in both dual antiplatelet group and PQS + dual antiplatelet group. TXB2 concentration significantly decreased in dual antiplatelet and PQS + dual antiplatelet groups, whereas 6-keto-PGF1α concentration significantly increased in PQS + dual antiplatelet group. Rats in PQS + dual antiplatelet group demonstrated a significant decrease in plasma ET-1 concentration and an increase in serum NO concentration compared with dual antiplatelet group. The combination therapy of PQS and dual antiplatelets showed some beneficial effects on vascular endothelial function and ventricular remodeling in rats with AMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Materials and methods Results Conclusions Kinesin family member C3 (KIFC3), as reported, plays important roles in several tumor types. Nevertheless, it is unknown whether KIFC3 has effects on non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development.KIFC3 expression was detected by RT‐PCR, and its correlation with prognosis was analyzed by GEPIA website. Small interfering RNA against KIFC3 were adopted for modulating KIFC3 expression in NSCLC cells. KIFC3 effects on NSCLC cell proliferation were determined using the MTT and clone formation assay. Matrigel invasion and wound healing assays were adopted for measuring the invasion and migration capability of NSCLC cells. Western blot was applied for measuring the levels of proteins associated with the phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway in NSCLC cells.KIFC3 was markedly increased in NSCLC samples and cells. KIFC3 knockdown suppressed the proliferation, invasion, and migration in NSCLC. Mechanically, KIFC3 silencing suppressed NSCLC progression through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway.KIFC3 lack suppressed the proliferation, invasion, and migration which works, at least partially, by the PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings suggest that targeting KIFC3 via the PI3K/Akt pathway may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lung cancer remains a major driver of global morbidity and mortality, and diagnosing lung tumors early in their development is vital to maximizing treatment efficacy and patient survival. Several biomarkers, including CYFRA 21-1, NSE, ProGRP, CEA, and miRNA, have been identified as reliable indicators for early lung cancer detection and monitoring treatment progress. However, the minute changes in the levels of these biomarkers during the early stages of disease necessitate advanced detection platforms. In this space, electrochemical biosensors have currently emerged as robust tools for early lung cancer screening and diagnosis owing to their low costs, rapid responses, and superior sensitivity and selectivity. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the application of electrochemiluminescence, photoelectrochemical, and other electrochemical analytical strategies for detecting lung cancer-associated protein biomarkers, and miRNA. This review compares these techniques to provide a concise overview of the principles underlying these electrochemical analytical methods, the preparation of their components, and the performance of the resulting biosensors. Lastly, a discussion of the challenges and opportunities associated with electrochemical biosensors detection of lung cancer-associated biomarkers are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive use of fluoride in agriculture, industry, medicine, and daily necessities has raised growing concerns about fluoride residue. To date, real-time visual detection and efficient removal of fluoride ions from water remain greatly desirable. Herein, nano-CAU-10-NH 2 @RhB is introduced as a ratiometric fluorescent probe and efficient scavenger for the intelligent detection and removal of fluoride ions. CAU-10-NH 2 @RhB is readily obtained through one-pot synthesis and exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity for real-time fluoride ion detection, with a naked-eye distinguishable color change from pink to blue. A portable device for point-of-care testing was developed based on color hue analysis readout using a smartphone. A quantitative response was achieved across a wide concentration range, with a detection limit of 54.2 nM. Adsorption experiments suggest that nano-CAU-10-NH 2 @RhB serves as an efficient fluoride ion scavenger, with a fluoride adsorption capacity of 49.3 mg/g. Moreover, the mechanistic study revealed that hydrogen bonds formed between fluoride ions and amino groups of CAU-10-NH 2 @RhB are crucial for the detection and adsorption of fluoride ions. This analysis platform was also used for point-of-care quantitative visual detection of fluoride ions in food, water, and toothpaste. [Display omitted] • Ratiometric fluorescence detection and high effective adsorption of fluoride ions. • Real-time and visual detection of fluoride ions with remarkable color change. • Portable devices and smartphone-based automated intelligent analysis. • Quantitative and semi-quantitative point-of-care testing. • User-friendly and cost-effective accessible for real-sample analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new hydroxyl group functionalized Zn-MOF (MOF-1) is revealed as a fluorescent probe for SSZ. • MOF-1 exhibits ultra-high selectivity and sensitivity in the detection of SSZ. • MOF-1 displays real-time fluorescent response to SSZ and good recyclability. • MOF-1 is applicable to detection of SSZ residue in water, milk and soil. Sulfasalazine (SSZ) is a typical sulfonamide antibiotic. The extensive use of SSZ in animal husbandry and agriculture has lead to antibiotic residue in the environment, which ultimately harm human health. The pursuit of simple and efficient methods for the detection of SSZ is highly desirable, yet it remains a challenging task. Herein, a new hydroxyl group functionalized Zn-MOF probe (MOF-1) was revealed for the highly selective and sensitive sensing of SSZ. MOF-1 was constructed with Zn(NO 3) 2 ·6H 2 O, 3,3′-dihydroxy-4,4′-biphenyl dicarboxylic acid (DDA) and 1, 2, 4, 5-tetra(4-pyridyl)benzene (TPB) by using the solvothermal method. Strong fluorescent emission centered at 460 nm was observed for MOF-1 which could be quenched by SSZ. Selectivity experiments indicate that MOF-1 is highly selective response to SSZ among 18 antibiotics. Fluorescence titration experiments suggest that MOF-1 is highly sensitive to SSZ with a detection limitation of 31 nM. Based on the impressive characteristics of MOF-1 such as fast response and good reusability, portable test strips were prepared and used as naked eye kits for real-time SSZ detection. Moreover, the sensing mechanism was proposed based on the experimental and theoretical calculation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

sPD-L1 morphologically, biomechanically and functionally inhibits DC maturation and migration in EAE. [Display omitted] • Administration of sPD-L1 significantly alleviates EAE. • Treatment with sPD-L1 reduces CD86 expression, CCR7-mediated DC migration while increasing DC phagocytosis in EAE. • sPD-L1 inhibits inflammation-induced morphological maturation of DCs from EAE. • sPD-L1 enhances cellular stickiness and stiffness in EAE-DCs. • The study provides the first insight into the therapeutic effects of exogenous sPD-L1 supplementation on DCs in multiple sclerosis. Dendritic cells (DCs) orchestrate both immune activation and immune tolerance in multiple sclerosis (MS). Manipulating the phenotypes and functions of DCs to boost their tolerogenic potential is an appealing strategy for treating MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) delivers the immunoinhibitory signals by interacting with PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), which plays a critical role in maintaining immune tolerance. So far, the effects of PD-1/PD-L1 signalling activation on DCs in EAE are poorly understood. Here, the administration of soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) protein significantly alleviated the clinical symptoms of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced EAE, and inhibited the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD)86, C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) as well as CCR7-mediated trafficking of splenic DCs, accompanied by enhancing their phagocytosis. The impact of sPD-L1 on the surface morphology and mechanical properties of DCs was investigated at the nanoscale, using scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. The treatment of sPD-L1 was found to mitigate morphological maturation and biomechanical alterations, specifically in terms of adhesion and elasticity, in bone marrow-derived DCs from EAE. Taken together, our findings suggest that application of exogenous sPD-L1 has a marked suppressive effect on the maturation and migration of DCs in EAE. PD-L1 administration may be a promising therapy for EAE and for MS in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel Zn-MOF (MOF-1) is rationally designed for fluorescent detection of NFAs. • MOF-1 exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity in real-time detection of NFAs. • MOF-1 displays good recyclability and applicable to real-samples detection. • The sensing mechanism is proposed and well illustrated. Nitrofuran antibiotics (NFAs) residues in water are a persistent concern for the public due to the potential threats they pose to human health and the environment. Therefore, efficient probes that are capable of detecting trace amounts of antibiotics in real water environments have become a top priority. Herein, a novel fluorescent Zn-MOF probe (MOF-1) was revealed for the highly selective and sensitive sensing of NFAs. MOF-1 was rationally constructed with Zn(NO 3) 2 ·6H 2 O, 5,5′-(anthracene-9,10-diyl) diisophthalic acid (H 4 ADIP) and 1,3-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-benzene (mbib) by using the solvothermal method. Fluorescence sensing experiments demonstrate that MOF-1 can function as a fluorescent sensor for selective, sensitive, and rapid detection of NFAs among 15 antibiotics including ciprofloxacin (CPFX), chloramphenicol (CAP), sulfonamides and NFAs. Fluorescence titration experiments indicated that MOF-1 exhibited remarkably low detection limits of 0.19 μM, 0.26 μM, and 0.34 μM for furazolidone (FZD), furaltadone (FDH) and nitrofurazone (NFZ), respectively. Meanwhile, MOF-1 was successfully employed for NFAs detection in real samples with the recoveries of 98.7 % − 104.1 %, and a relative standard deviation below 5.1 %. Moreover, the sensing mechanism could be ascribed to the synergistic effect between the internal filtering effect and photoinduced electron transfer according to the experiment results and DFT calculations. Additionally, test strips were prepared based on MOF-1 for point of care testing of NFAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]