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As a new kind of energy‐saving glass, vacuum glazing has excellent thermal and sound insulation properties and is widely used in building, household appliances and solar photovoltaic. The edge sealing material, along with sealing method, is key to the fabrication of vacuum glazing. Low transition temperature (Tg) and good fluidity at sealing temperature (Ts) make low‐melting glass of V2O5–TeO2–Bi2O3 (VTB) system perfect to be the edge sealing material for vacuum glazing. The glass forming region of VTB ternary system was mapped for the first time in this work. Low‐melting VTB glass of 40V2O5–50TeO2–5Bi2O3–3ZnO–2Na2O (wt%) was optimized to be the sealing material. Glass powder of this composition could be used to seal the edges of vacuum glazing at an extremely low temperature of 360°C. With the assistance of anodic‐bonding method, the bonding strength of vacuum glazing was dramatically enhanced. Vacuum glazing fabricated under the optimized process parameters of 420°C, 600 V, and 60 min possesses a highest bonding strength of 4.31 MPa. Furthermore, anodic‐bonding mechanism of low‐melting VTB glass applied in vacuum glazing sealing has been thoroughly researched. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ricin toxin (RT), extracted from castor bean, is a type II ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP). As a biothreat agent, there is no effective antidote for RT to date, but recent advances in antibody research may have meet this need. This study aimed to produce human single-chain antibody variable fragments (HuscFvs) that bind to and interfere with RT activity for further clinical use. The purified RT component was used in phage biopanning to select ricin-bound HuscFv-displayed phage clones from synthetic (Tomlinson I + J) phage display libraries. The selected HuscFv, named JE11, showed an almost 100% protective effect to HeLa cells by mixing with RT at a 1:1000 ratio in vitro. The antibody showed an 83% protection against injection of 2 × LD50 RT dose mice within 72 h. This research has therapeutic potential for the diagnosis and treatment of RT poisoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) usually uses a projector with an instable light source due to the unsatisfactory driving power. As a result of the fluctuations of the projection light source, the fringe captured by a camera deviates from its ideal distribution, from which, the calculated phase has a random phase error, thus reducing the 3-D measurement accuracy. We found that the random phase error influences both the system calibration and the 3-D reconstruction, where the influence on the system calibration has not been previously noticed. In this paper, we formulate the phase error model of the phase-shifting algorithm caused by the fluctuations of the projection light source, and analyze its interference on calibration and reconstruction, respectively. From which, an accurate FPP using a combination of accurate calibration and accurate 3-D reconstruction is proposed, which are performed by using a deep learning-based phase calculation method. The provided experimental results verify that the proposed FPP can obviously improve the measurement accuracy. • Analyzed the influence of the fluctuations of projection light source on calibration and reconstruction. • Formulated the phase error model of the phase-shifting algorithm. • Developed a deep learning-based phase calculation method for accurate FPP. • Experimentally demonstrated the success of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Image inpainting methods based on deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN), especially generative adversarial networks (GAN), have made tremendous progress, due to their forceful representation capabilities. These methods can generate visually reasonable contents and textures; however, the existing deep models based on a single receptive field type usually not only cause image artifacts and content mismatches but also ignore the correlation between the hole region and long-distance spatial locations in the image. To address the above problems, in this paper, we propose a new generative model based on GAN, which is composed of a two-stage encoder–decoder with a Multi-Scale Encoder Network (MSE-Net) and a new Contextual Attention Model based on the Absolute Value (CAM-AV). The former utilizes different-size convolution kernels to encode features, which improves the ability of abstract feature characterization. The latter uses a new search algorithm to enhance the matching of features in the network. Our network is a fully convolutional network that can complete holes of arbitrary size, number, and spatial location in the image. Experiments with regular and irregular inpainting on different datasets including CelebA and Places2 demonstrate that the proposed method achieves higher quality inpainting results with reasonable contents than the most existing state-of-the-art methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single crystal perovskites are used in solar cells, photodetectors, and other devices due to their excellent light absorption and carrier transport characteristics. However, for light‐emitting applications, photoluminescence (PL) is usually weak for MAPbBr3 (MA = CH3NH3+) single crystals (MBSCs) compared with their polycrystalline counterpart. Therefore, developing novel techniques to process MBSCs with different morphologies for PL‐related applications is greatly needed. The current strategies for making perovskite crystals are mostly based on bottom‐up method (chemical synthesis and assembling). Here, an easy method to achieve top‐down fabrication of MBSCs, i.e., femtosecond laser processing MBSC surface by controlling the laser parameters is demonstrated. The femtosecond laser processing technology can achieve two orders of magnitude enhancement under ambient conditions in PL. In addition, the processed regions also show three times enhancement in PL under nitrogen environment. It is assumed that this is mainly due to the texture based on photon recycling and light out‐coupling mechanism, and the passivation of surface recombination centers on MBSC. This study not only provides a convenient top‐down strategy to achieve a range of morphological micro‐/nanostructures with enhanced PL on MBSC surface, but also paves the way for applications of MBSCs in light emitting or PL imaging devices. Developing novel techniques to process MAPbBr3 single crystals (MBSCs) with various morphologies for photoluminescence‐related applications is highly necessary. Multi‐morphological micro‐/nanostructures induced by a top‐down fabricating technology, i.e., femtosecond laser processing, are achieved on MBSC surfaces. Dramatically‐enhanced photoluminescence of two orders of magnitude in ambient conditions and three times in nitrogen atmosphere is demonstrated, which is promising for photoluminescence‐related applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]