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101. Magnetic ground states of Ce

Author

C, Ritter, A K, Pathak, R, Filippone, A, Provino, S K, Dhar, and P, Manfrinetti

Abstract

The

Published
2021

102. Magnetic ground states of Ce3TiSb5, Pr3TiSb5and Nd3TiSb5 determined by neutron powder diffraction and magnetic measurements

Author

R Filippone, A Provino, Clemens Ritter, Arjun K. Pathak, Pietro Manfrinetti, and S. K. Dhar

Subjects
Superconductivity, neutron powder diffraction, Materials science, Magnetic moment, Condensed matter physics, Magnetic structure, magnetic structures, Neutron diffraction, Intermetallic, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Ce-magnetism, phase separation, R3TiSb5, singlet state of Pr, Hysteresis, Magnetization, 0103 physical sciences, Antiferromagnetism, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The R 3TiSb5 ternary compounds, with R a light rare earth (La to Sm) have been reported to crystallize with the anti-Hf5CuSn3-type hexagonal structure (Pearson’s symbol hP18; space-group P63/mcm, N. 193). An early article that reported possible superconductivity in some of these intermetallic phases (namely those with R = La, Ce, and Nd) caught our attention. In this work, we have now refined the crystal structure of the R 3TiSb5 compounds with R = Ce, Pr and Nd by Rietveld methods using high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data. The magnetic ground states of these intermetallics have been investigated by low-temperature magnetization and high-intensity neutron diffraction. We find two different magnetic transitions corresponding to two related magnetic structures at T N1 = 4.8 K (k 1 = [0, 1/2, 1/8]) and T N2 = 3.4 K (k 2 = [0, 0, 1/8]), respectively for Ce3TiSb5. However, the magnetic ordering appears to occur following a peculiar hysteresis: the k 2-type magnetic structure develops only after the k 1-type phase fraction has first slowly ordered with time and the size of the ordered Ce3+ magnetic moment has become large enough to induce the second magnetic transition. At T = 1.5 K the maximum amplitude of the Ce moment in the coexisting phases amounts to μ Ce = 2.15 μ B. For Nd3TiSb5 an antiferromagnetic ordering below T N = 5.2 K into a relatively simpler commensurate magnetic structure with a magnetic moment of μ Nd = 2.14(3) μ B and magnetic propagation vector of k = [0, 0, 0], was determined. No evidence of superconductivity has been found in Nd3TiSb5. Finally, Pr3TiSb5 does not show any ordering down to 1.5 K in neutron diffraction while an antiferromagnetic ground state is detected in magnetization measurements. There is no sign of magnetic contribution from Ti atoms found in any of the studied compounds.

Published
2021

104. 163 Ho Distillation and Implantation for HOLMES Experiment

Author

Gallucci, G., Biasotti, M., Ceriale, V., De Gerone, M., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Gatti, F., Giachero, A., Manfrinetti, P., Nucciotti, A., Orlando, A., Provino, A., Puiu, A., Gallucci, G, Biasotti, M, Ceriale, V, De Gerone, M, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Gatti, F, Giachero, A, Manfrinetti, P, Nucciotti, A, Orlando, A, Provino, A, and Puiu, A

Subjects
Holmium, Ion implantation, Neutrino ma, HOLMES, Mass separator
Abstract

HOLMES is an experiment to directly measure the neutrino mass with a calorimetric approach. The calorimetric technique eliminates several systematic uncertainties usually present in spectrometers where the external source and decays to excited states affect the measurement. 163 Ho is chosen as source for its very low Q value (2.8 keV), the proximity of the end-point to resonance M1 and its half life (4570 year). These features are optimal to reach simultaneously a reasonable activity to have sufficient statistics in the end-point and a small quantity of 163 Ho embedded in the detector not to alter significantly its heat capacity. 163 Ho will be produced via neutron irradiation of enriched 162 Er 2 O 3 at the Institute Laue–Langevin (Grenoble, France), and chemically separated at Paul Scherrer Institut (Villigen, Switzerland). It will arrive at INFN laboratory of Genova in oxide form (Ho 2 O 3 ) with traces of others Ho isotopes and contaminants not removable using chemical methods. In particular, the metastable 166 m Ho undergoes beta decay with a half life of about 1200 year, if present 166 m Ho induces background below 5 keV. The removal of these contaminants is critical for HOLMES so a dedicated system is being set up. The system is designed to achieve an optimal mass separation for 163 Ho and consists of two main components: an evaporation chamber and an ion implanter. In the evaporation chamber, holmium will be reduced in metallic form, using the reaction 2Y+Ho 2 O 3 → Y 2 O 3 +2Ho and used to produce a metallic target for the ion implanter source. The ion implanter consists of five main components: a Penning sputter ion source, an acceleration section, a magnetic/electrostatic mass analyser, a magnetic scanning stage and a focusing electrostatic triplet. In this contribution, we describe the procedures, under continuous refinement, for the holmium evaporation process, the ion-implanted metallic target production and the status of the ion implanter.

Published
2019

105. Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 2

Author

Abada, A., Abbrescia, M., AbdusSalam, S. S., Abdyukhanov, I., Abelleira Fernandez, J., Abramov, A., Aburaia, M., Acar, A. O., Adzic, P. R., Agrawal, P., Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A., Aguilera-Verdugo, J. J., Aiba, M., Aichinger, I., Aielli, G., Akay, A., Akhundov, A., Aksakal, H., Albacete, J. L., Albergo, S., Alekou, A., Aleksa, M., Aleksan, R., Alemany Fernandez, R. M., Alexahin, Y., Alía, R. G., Alioli, S., Alipour Tehrani, N., Allanach, B. C., Allport, P. P., Altınlı, M., Altmannshofer, W., Ambrosio, G., Amorim, D., Amstutz, O., Anderlini, L., Andreazza, A., Andreini, M., Andriatis, A., Andris, C., Andronic, A., Angelucci, M., Antinori, F., Antipov, S. A., Antonelli, M., Antonello, M., Antonioli, P., Antusch, S., Anulli, F., Apolinário, L., Apollinari, G., Apollonio, A., Appelö, D., Appleby, R. B., Apyan, A., Arbey, A., Arbuzov, A., Arduini, G., Arı, V., Arias, S., Armesto, N., Arnaldi, R., Arsenyev, S. A., Arzeo, M., Asai, S., Aslanides, E., Aßmann, R. W., Astapovych, D., Atanasov, M., Atieh, S., Attié, D., Auchmann, B., Audurier, A., Aull, S., Aumon, S., Aune, S., Avino, F., Avrillaud, G., Aydın, G., Azatov, A., Azuelos, G., Azzi, P., Azzolini, O., Azzurri, P., Bacchetta, N., Bacchiocchi, E., Bachacou, H., Baek, Y. W., Baglin, V., Bai, Y., Baird, S., Baker, M. J., Baldwin, M. J., Ball, A. H., Ballarino, A., Banerjee, S., Barber, D. P., Barducci, D., Barjhoux, P., Barna, D., Barnaföldi, G. G., Barnes, M. J., Barr, A., Barranco García, J., Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J., Bartmann, W., Baryshevsky, V., Barzi, E., Bass, S. A., Bastianin, A., Baudouy, B., Bauer, F., Bauer, M., Baumgartner, T., Bautista-Guzmán, I., Bayındır, C., Beaudette, F., Bedeschi, F., Béguin, M., Bellafont, I., Bellagamba, L., Bellegarde, N., Belli, E., Bellingeri, E., Bellini, F., Bellomo, G., Belomestnykh, S., Bencivenni, G., Benedikt, M., Bernardi, G., Bernardi, J., Bernet, C., Bernhardt, J. M., Bernini, C., Berriaud, C., Bertarelli, A., Bertolucci, S., Besana, M. I., Besançon, M., Beznosov, O., Bhat, P., Bhat, C., Biagini, M. E., Biarrotte, J. -L., Bibet Chevalier, A., Bielert, E. R., Biglietti, M., Bilei, G. M., Bilki, B., Biscari, C., Bishara, F., Blanco-García, O. R., Blánquez, F. R., Blekman, F., Blondel, A., Blümlein, J., Boccali, T., Boels, R., Bogacz, S. A., Bogomyagkov, A., Boine-Frankenheim, O., Boland, M. J., Bologna, S., Bolukbasi, O., Bomben, M., Bondarenko, S., Bonvini, M., Boos, E., Bordini, B., Bordry, F., Borghello, G., Borgonovi, L., Borowka, S., Bortoletto, D., Boscherini, D., Boscolo, M., Boselli, S., Bosley, R. R., Bossu, F., Botta, C., Bottura, L., Boughezal, R., Boutin, D., Bovone, G., Božović Jelisavić, I., Bozbey, A., Bozzi, C., Bozzini, D., Braccini, V., Braibant-Giacomelli, S., Bramante, J., Braun-Munzinger, P., Briffa, J. A., Britzger, D., Brodsky, S. J., Brooke, J. J., Bruce, R., Brückman De Renstrom, P., Bruna, E., Brüning, O., Brunner, O., Brunner, K., Bruzzone, P., Buffat, X., Bulyak, E., Burkart, F., Burkhardt, H., Burnet, J. -P., Butin, F., Buttazzo, D., Butterworth, A., Caccia, M., Cai, Y., Caiffi, B., Cairo, V., Cakir, O., Calaga, R., Calatroni, S., Calderini, G., Calderola, G., Caliskan, A., Calvet, D., Calviani, M., Camalich, J. M., Camarri, P., Campanelli, M., Camporesi, T., Canbay, A. C., Canepa, A., Cantergiani, E., Cantore-Cavalli, D., Capeans, M., Cardarelli, R., Cardella, U., Cardini, A., Carloni Calame, C. M., Carra, F., Carra, S., Carvalho, A., Casalbuoni, S., Casas, J., Cascella, M., Castelnovo, P., Castorina, G., Catalano, G., Cavasinni, V., Cazzato, E., Cennini, E., Cerri, A., Cerutti, F., Cervantes, J., Chaikovska, I., Chakrabortty, J., Chala, M., Chamizo-Llatas, M., Chanal, H., Chanal, D., Chance, S., Chancé, A., Charitos, P., Charles, J., Charles, T. K., Chattopadhyay, S., Chehab, R., Chekanov, S. V., Chen, N., Chernoded, A., Chetvertkova, V., Chevalier, L., Chiarelli, G., Chiarello, G., Chiesa, M., Chiggiato, P., Childers, J. T., Chmielińska, A., Cholakian, A., Chomaz, P., Chorowski, M., Chou, W., Chrzaszcz, M., Chyhyrynets, E., Cibinetto, G., Ciftci, A. K., Ciftci, R., Cimino, R., Ciuchini, M., Clark, P. J., Coadou, Y., Cobal, M., Coccaro, A., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Collamati, F., Colldelram, C., Collier, P., Collot, J., Contino, R., Conventi, F., Cook, C. T. A., Cooley, L., Corcella, G., Cornell, A. S., Corral, G. H., Correia-Rodrigues, H., Costanza, F., Costa Pinto, P., Couderc, F., Coupard, J., Craig, N., Crespo Garrido, I., Crivellin, A., Croteau, J. F., Crouch, M., Cruz Alaniz, E., Curé, B., Curti, J., Curtin, D., Czech, M., Dachauer, C., D’Agnolo, R. T., Daibo, M., Dainese, A., Dalena, B., Daljevec, A., Dallapiazza, W., D’Aloia Schwartzentruber, L., Dam, M., D’Ambrosio, G., Das, S. P., DasBakshi, S., da Silva, W., da Silveira, G. G., D’Auria, V., D’Auria, S., David, A., Davidek, T., Deandrea, A., de Blas, J., Debono, C. J., De Curtis, S., De Filippis, N., de Florian, D., Deghaye, S., de Jong, S. J., Del Bo, C., Del Duca, V., Delikaris, D., Deliot, F., Dell’Acqua, A., Delle Rose, L., Delmastro, M., De Lucia, E., Demarteau, M., Denegri, D., Deniau, L., Denisov, D., Denizli, H., Denner, A., d’Enterria, D., de Rijk, G., De Roeck, A., Derue, F., Deschamps, O., Descotes-Genon, S., Dev, P. S. B., de Vivie de Régie, J. B., Dewanjee, R. K., Di Ciaccio, A., Di Cicco, A., Dillon, B. M., Di Micco, B., Di Nezza, P., Di Vita, S., Doblhammer, A., Dominjon, A., D’Onofrio, M., Dordei, F., Drago, A., Draper, P., Drasal, Z., Drewes, M., Duarte, L., Dubovyk, I., Duda, P., Dudarev, A., Dudko, L., Duellmann, D., Dünser, M., du Pree, T., Durante, M., Duran Yildiz, H., Dutta, S., Duval, F., Duval, J. M., Dydyshka, Y., Dziewit, B., Eisenhardt, S., Eisterer, M., Ekelof, T., El Khechen, D., Ellis, S. A., Ellis, J., Ellison, J. A., Elsener, K., Elsing, M., Enari, Y., Englert, Christoph, Eriksson, H., Eskola, K. J., Esposito, L. S., Etisken, O., Etzion, E., Fabbricatore, P., Falkowski, A., Falou, A., Faltova, J., Fan, J., Fanò, L., Farilla, A., Farinelli, R., Farinon, S., Faroughy, D. A., Fartoukh, S. D., Faus-Golfe, A., Fawcett, W. J., Felici, G., Felsberger, L., Ferdeghini, C., Fernandez Navarro, A. M., Fernández-Téllez, A., Ferradas Troitino, J., Ferrara, G., Ferrari, R., Ferreira, L., Ferreira da Silva, P., Ferrera, G., Ferro, F., Fiascaris, M., Fiorendi, S., Fiorio, C., Fischer, O., Fischer, E., Flieger, W., Florio, M., Fonnesu, D., Fontanesi, E., Foppiani, N., Foraz, K., Forkel-Wirth, D., Forte, S., Fouaidy, M., Fournier, D., Fowler, T., Fox, J., Francavilla, P., Franceschini, R., Franchino, S., Franco, E., Freitas, A., Fuks, B., Furukawa, K., Furuseth, S. V., Gabrielli, E., Gaddi, A., Galanti, M., Gallo, E., Ganjour, S., Gao, J., Garcia Diaz, V., García Pérez, M., García Tabarés, L., Garion, C., Garzelli, M. V., Garzia, I., Gascon-Shotkin, S. M., Gaudio, G., Gay, P., Ge, S. -F., Gehrmann, T., Genest, M. H., Gerard, R., Gerigk, F., Gerwig, H., Giacomelli, P., Giagu, S., Gianfelice-Wendt, E., Gianotti, F., Giffoni, F., Gilardoni, S. S., Gil Costa, M., Giovannetti, M., Giovannozzi, M., Giubellino, P., Giudice, G. F., Giunta, A., Gladilin, L. K., Glukhov, S., Gluza, J., Gobbi, G., Goddard, B., Goertz, F., Golling, T., Goncalves, V. P., Goncalves Netto, D., Gonçalo, R., Gonzalez Gomez, L. A., Gorgi Zadeh, S., Gorine, G., Gorini, E., Gourlay, S. A., Gouskos, L., Grancagnolo, F., Grassellino, A., Grau, A., Graverini, E., Gray, H. M., Greco, M., Grenard, J. -L., Grimm, O., Grojean, C., Gromov, V. A., Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F, Grudiev, A., Grzanka, K., Gu, J., Guadagnoli, D., Guidi, V., Guiducci, S., Guillermo Canton, G., Günaydin, Y. O., Gupta, R., Gupta, R. S., Gutierrez, J., Gutleber, J., Guyot, C., Guzey, V., Gwenlan, C., Haberstroh, C., Hacışahinoğlu, B., Haerer, B., Hahn, K., Hahn, T., Hammad, A., Han, C., Hance, M., Hannah, A., Harris, P. C., Hati, C., Haug, S., Hauptman, J., Haurylavets, V., He, H. -J., Hegglin, A., Hegner, B., Heinemann, K., Heinemeyer, S., Helsens, C., Henriques, A., Hernandez, P., Hernández-Pinto, R. J., Hernandez-Sanchez, J., Herzig, T., Hiekkanen, I., Hillert, W., Hoehn, T., Hofer, M., Höfle, W., Holdener, F., Holleis, S., Holzer, B., Hong, D. K., Honorato, C. G., Hopkins, S. C., Hrdinka, J., Hug, F., Humann, B., Humer, H., Hurth, T., Hutton, A., Iacobucci, G., Ibarrola, N., Iconomidou-Fayard, L., Ilyina-Brunner, K., Incandela, J., Infantino, A., Ippolito, V., Ishino, M., Islam, R., Ita, H., Ivanovs, A., Iwamoto, S., Iyer, A., Izquierdo Bermudez, S., Jadach, S., Jamin, D. O., Janot, P., Jarry, P., Jeff, A., Jenny, P., Jensen, E., Jensen, M., Jiang, X., Jiménez, J. M., Jones, M. A., Jones, O. R., Jowett, J. M., Jung, S., Kaabi, W., Kado, M., Kahle, K., Kalinovskaya, L., Kalinowski, J., Kamenik, J. F., Kannike, K., Kara, S. O., Karadeniz, H., Karaventzas, V., Karpov, I., Kartal, S., Karyukhin, A., Kashikhin, V., Katharina Behr, J., Kaya, U., Keintzel, J., Keinz, P. A., Keppel, K., Kersevan, R., Kershaw, K., Khanpour, H., Khatibi, S., Khatiri Yanehsari, M., Khoze, V. V., Kieseler, J., Kilic, A., Kilpinen, A., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, D. W., Klein, U., Klein, M., Kling, F., Klinkenberg, N., Klöppel, S., Klute, M., Klyukhin, V. I., Knecht, M., Kniehl, B., Kocak, F., Koeberl, C., Kolano, A. M., Kollegger, A., Kołodziej, K., Kolomiets, A. A., Komppula, J., Koop, I., Koppenburg, P., Koratzinos, M., Kordiaczyńska, M., Korjik, M., Kortner, O., Kostka, P., Kotlarski, W., Kotnig, C., Köttig, T., Kotwal, A. V., Kovalenko, A. D., Kowalski, S., Kozaczuk, J., Kozlov, G. A., Kozub, S. S., Krainer, A. M., Kramer, T., Krämer, M., Krammer, M., Krasnov, A. A., Krauss, F., Kravalis, K., Kretzschmar, L., Kriske, R. M., Kritscher, H., Krkotic, P., Kroha, H., Kucharczyk, M., Kuday, S., Kuendig, A., Kuhlmann, G., Kulesza, A., Kumar, M., Kusina, A., Kuttimalai, S., Kuze, M., Kwon, T., Lackner, F., Lackner, M., La Francesca, E., Laine, M., Lamanna, G., La Mendola, S., Lançon, E., Landsberg, G., Langacker, P., Lange, C., Langner, A., Lankford, A. J., Lansberg, J. P., Lari, T., Laycock, P. J., Lebrun, P., Lechner, A., Lee, K., Lee, S., Lee, R., Lefevre, T., Le Guen, P., Lehtinen, T., Leith, S. B., Lenzi, P., Leogrande, E., Leonidopoulos, C., Leon-Monzon, I., Lerner, G., Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Lévai, P., Leveratto, A., Levichev, E., Li, G., Li, S., Li, R., Liberati, D., Liepe, M., Lissauer, D. A., Liu, Z., Lobko, A., Locci, E., Logothetis Agaliotis, E., Lombardo, M. P., Long, A. J., Lorin, C., Losito, R., Louzguiti, A., Low, I., Lucchesi, D., Lucchini, M. T., Luciani, A., Lueckhof, M., Lunt, A. J. G., Luzum, M., Lyubimtsev, D. A., Maggiora, M., Magnin, N., Mahmoud, M. A., Mahmoudi, F., Maitre, J., Makarenko, V., Malagoli, A., Malclés, J., Malgeri, L., Mallon, P. J., Maltoni, F., Malvezzi, S., Malyshev, O. B., Mancinelli, G., Mandrik, P., Manfrinetti, P., Mangano, M., Manil, P., Mannelli, M., Marchiori, G., Marhauser, F., Mariani, V., Marinozzi, V., Mariotto, S., Marquard, P., Marquet, C., Marriott-Dodington, T., Martin, R., Martin, O., Martin Camalich, J., Martinez, T., Martinez Bruzual, H., Martínez-Hernández, M. I., Martins, D. E., Marzani, S., Marzocca, D., Marzola, L., Masciocchi, S., Masina, I., Massimiliano, A., Massironi, A., Masubuchi, T., Matveev, V. A., Mazzoni, M. A., McCullough, M., McIntosh, P. A., Meade, P., Medina, L., Meier, A., Meignan, J., Mele, B., Mendes Saraiva, J. G., Menez, F., Mentink, M., Meoni, E., Meridiani, P., Merk, M., Mermod, P., Mertens, V., Mether, L., Métral, E., Migliorati, M., Milanese, A., Milardi, C., Milhano, G., Militsyn, B. L., Millet, F., Minashvili, I., Minervini, J. V., Miralles, L. S., Mirarchi, D., Mishima, S., Missiaen, D. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mitsuhashi, T., Mnich, J., Mohammadi Najafabadi, M., Mohapatra, R. N., Mokhov, N., Molson, J. G., Monge, R., Montag, C., Montagna, G., Monteil, S., Montenero, G., Montesinos, E., Moortgat, F., Morange, N., Morello, G., Moreno Llácer, M., Moretti, M., Moretti, S., Morley, A. K., Moros, A., Morozov, I., Morretta, V., Morrone, M., Mostacci, A., Muanza, S., Muchnoi, N., Mühlegger, M., Mulder, M., Mulders, M., Müller, B., Müller, F., Müller, A. -S., Munilla, J., Murray, M. J., Muttoni, Y., Myers, S., Mylona, M., Nachtman, J., Nakamoto, T., Nardecchia, M., Nardini, G., Nason, P., Nergiz, Z., Nesterenko, A. V., Nettsträter, A., Neubüser, C., Neundorf, J., Niccoli, F., Nicrosini, O., Nie, Y., Niedermayer, U., Niedziela, J., Niemi, A., Nikitin, S. A., Nisati, A., No, J. M., Nonis, M., Nosochkov, Y., Novák, M., Novokhatski, A., O’Callaghan, J. M., Ochando, C., Ogur, S., Ohmi, K., Oide, K., Okorokov, V. A., Okumura, Y., Oleari, C., Olness, F. I., Onel, Y., Ortino, M., Osborne, J., Osland, P., Otto, T., Oyulmaz, K. Y., Ozansoy, A., Özcan, V., Özdemir, K., Pagliarone, C. E., Pais da Silva, H. F., Palmieri, E., Palumbo, L., Pampaloni, A., Pan, R. -Q., Panareo, M., Panella, O., Panico, G., Panizzo, G., Pankov, A. A., Pantsyrny, V., Papadopoulos, C. G., Papaefstathiou, A., Papaphilippou, Y., Parker, M. A., Parma, V., Pasquali, M., Patra, S. K., Patterson, R., Paukkunen, H., Pauss, F., Peggs, S., Penttinen, J. -P., Peón, G., Perepelkin, E. E., Perez, E., Perez, J. C., Perez, G., Pérez, F., Perez Codina, E., Perez Morales, J., Perfilov, M., Pernegger, H., Peruzzi, M., Pes, C., Peters, K., Petracca, S., Petriello, F., Pezzotti, L., Pfeiffer, S., Piccinini, F., Pieloni, T., Pierini, M., Pikhartova, H., Pikurs, G., Pilicer, E., Piminov, P., Pira, C., Pittau, R., Płaczek, W., Plagge, M., Plehn, T., Pleier, M. -A., Płoskoń, M., Podeur, M., Podlech, H., Podzorny, T., Poggioli, L., Poiron, A., Polesello, G., Poli Lener, M., Polini, A., Polinski, J., Polozov, S. M., Ponce, L., Pont, M., Pontecorvo, L., Portaluri, T., Potamianos, K., Prasse, C., Prausa, M., Preinerstorfer, A., Premat, E., Price, T., Primavera, M., Prino, F., Prioli, M., Proudfoot, J., Provino, A., Pugnat, T., Pukhaeva, N., Puławski, S., Pulikowski, D., Punzi, G., Putti, M., Pyarelal, A., Quack, H., Quispe, M., Racioppi, A., Rafique, H., Raginel, V., Raidal, M., Ramírez-Uribe, N. S., Ramsey-Musolf, M. J, Rata, R., Ratoff, P., Ravotti, F., Rebello Teles, P., Reboud, M., Redaelli, S., Renner, E., Rentería-Olivo, A. E., Rescigno, M., Reuter, J., Ribon, A., Ricci, A. M., Riegler, W., Riemann, S., Riemann, B., Riemann, T., Rifflet, J. M., Rimmer, R. A., Rinaldesi, R., Rinolfi, L., Rios Rubiras, O., Risselada, T., Rivetti, A., Rivkin, L., Rizzo, T., Robens, T., Robert, F., Robson, A. J., Rochepault, E., Roda, C., Rodrigo, G., Rodríguez-Cahuantzi, M., Rogan, C., Roig, M., Rojas-Torres, S., Rojo, J., Rolandi, G., Rolando, G., Roloff, P., Romanenko, A., Romanov, A., Roncarolo, F., Rosado Sanchez, A., Rosaz, G., Rossi, L., Rossi, A., Rossmanith, R., Rousset, B., Royon, C., Ruan, X., Ruehl, I., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Ruiz, R., Rumyantsev, L., Ruprecht, R., Ryazanov, A. I., Saba, A., Sadykov, R., Saez de Jauregui, D., Sahin, M., Sailer, B., Saito, M., Sala, F., Salam, G. P., Salfeld-Nebgen, J., Salgado, C. A., Salini, S., Sallese, J. M., Salmi, T., Salzburger, A., Sampayo, O. A., Sanfilippo, S., Santiago, J., Santopinto, E., Santoro, R., Sanz Ull, A., Sarasola, X., Sarpün, I. H., Sauvain, M., Savelyeva, S., Sawada, R., Sborlini, G. F. R., Schaffer, A., Schaumann, M., Schenk, M., Scheuerlein, C., Schienbein, I., Schlenga, K., Schmickler, H., Schmidt, R., Schoerling, D., Schöerner-Sadenius, T., Schoning, A., Schott, M., Schulte, D., Schwaller, P., Schwanenberger, C., Schwemling, P., Schwerg, N., Scibile, L., Sciuto, A., Scomparin, E., Sebastiani, C., Seeber, B., Segreti, M., Selva, P., Selvaggi, M., Senatore, C., Senol, A., Serin, L., Serluca, M., Serra, N., Seryi, A., Sestini, L., Sfyrla, A., Shaposhnikov, M., Shaposhnikova, E., Sharkov, B. Y., Shatilov, D., Shelton, J., Shiltsev, V., Shipsey, I. P., Shirkov, G. D., Shivaji, A., Shwartz, D., Sian, T., Sidorov, S., Silvestrini, L., Simand, N., Simon, F., Singh, B. K., Siódmok, A., Sirois, Y., Sirtori, E., Sirvinskaite, R., Sitar, B., Sjöstrand, T., Skands, P., Skordis, E., Skovpen, K., Skrzypek, M., Slade, E., Slavich, P., Slovak, R., Smaluk, V., Smirnov, V., Snoeys, W., Soffi, L., Sollander, P., Solovyanov, O., Soltveit, H. K., Song, H., Sopicki, P., Sorbi, M., Spallino, L., Spannowsky, M., Spataro, B., Sphicas, P., Spiesberger, H., Spiller, P., Spira, M., Srivastava, T., Stachel, J., Stakia, A., Stanyard, J. L., Starchenko, E., Starikov, A. Y., Staśto, A. M., Statera, M., Steerenberg, R., Steggemann, J., Stenvall, A., Stivanello, F., Stöckinger, D., Stoel, L. S., Stöger-Pollach, M., Strauss, B., Stuart, M., Stupakov, G., Su, S., Sublet, A., Sugita, K., Sulak, L., Sullivan, M. K., Sultansoy, S., Sumida, T., Suzuki, K., Sylva, G., Syphers, M. J., Sznajder, A., Taborelli, M., Tahir, N. A., Takeuchi, M., Tal Hod, E., Tambasco, C., Tanaka, J., Tang, K., Tapan, I., Taroni, S., Tartarelli, G. F., Tassielli, G., Tavian, L., Taylor, T. M., Taylor, G. N., Teixeira, A. M., Tejeda-Muñoz, G., Telnov, V. I., Tenchini, R., ten Kate, H. H. J., Terashi, K., Tesi, A., Testa, M., Tetrel, C., Teytelman, D., Thaler, J., Thamm, A., Thomas, S., Tiirakari, M. T., Tikhomirov, V., Tikhonov, D., Timko, H., Tisserand, V., Tkachenko, L. M., Tkaczuk, J., Tock, J. P., Todd, B., Todesco, E., Tomás Garcia, R., Tommasini, D., Tonelli, G., Toral, F., Torims, T., Torre, R., Townsend, Z., Trant, R., Treille, D., Trentadue, L., Tricoli, A., Tricomi, A., Trischuk, W., Tropin, I. S., Tuchming, B., Tudora, A. A., Turbiarz, B., Turk Cakir, I., Turri, M., Tydecks, T., Usovitsch, J., Uythoven, J., Vaglio, R., Valassi, A., Valchkova, F., Valdivia Garcia, M. A., Valente, P., Valente, R. U., Valente-Feliciano, A. -M., Valentino, G., Vale Silva, L., Valet, J. M., Valizadeh, R., Valle, J. W. F., Vallecorsa, S., Vallone, G., van Leeuwen, M., van Rienen, U. H., van Riesen-Haupt, L., Varasteh, M., Vecchi, L., Vedrine, P., Velev, G., Veness, R., Ventura, A., Venturini Delsolaro, W., Verducci, M., Verhaaren, C. B., Vernieri, C., Verweij, A. P., Verwilligen, O., Viazlo, O., Vicini, A., Viehhauser, G., Vignaroli, N., Vignolo, M., Vitrano, A., Vivarelli, I., Vlachos, S., Vogel, M., Vogt, D. M., Völkl, V., Volkov, P., Volpini, G., von Ahnen, J., Vorotnikov, G., Voutsinas, G. G., Vysotsky, V., Wagner, U., Wallny, R., Wang, L. -T., Wang, R., Wang, K., Ward, B. F. L., Watson, T. P., Watson, N. K., Ws, Z., Weiland, C., Weinzierl, S., Welsch, C. P., Wenninger, J., Widorski, M., Wiedemann, U. A., Wienands, H. -U., Wilkinson, G., Williams, P. H., Winter, A., Wohlfahrt, A., Wojtoń, T., Wollmann, D., Womersley, J., Woog, D., Wu, X., Wulzer, A., Yanehsari, M. K., Yang, G., Yang, H. J., Yao, W. -M., Yazgan, E., Yermolchik, V., Yilmaz, A., Yoo, H. -D., Yost, S. A., You, T., Young, C., Yu, T. -T., Yu, F., Zaborowska, A., Zadeh, S. G., Zahnd, M., Zanetti, M., Zanotto, L., Zawiejski, L., Zeiler, P., Zerlauth, M., Zernov, S. M., Zevi Dell Porta, G., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, C., Zhang, H., Zhao, Z., Zhong, Y. -M., Zhou, J., Zhou, D., Zhuang, P., Zick, G., Zimmermann, F., Zinn-Justin, J., Zivkovic, L., Zlobin, A. V., Zobov, M., Zupan, J., Zurita, J., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Air Liquide Advanced Technologies [Sassenage] (ALAT), Air Liquide [Siège Social], Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre de Physique Théorique - UMR 7332 (CPT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Service des Basses Températures (SBT ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies (LPTHE), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ITER organization (ITER), FCC, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ITER [St. Paul-lez-Durance], ITER, Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Abada, A., Abbrescia, M., Abdussalam, S. S., Abdyukhanov, I., Abelleira Fernandez, J., Abramov, A., Aburaia, M., Acar, A. O., Adzic, P. R., Agrawal, P., Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A., Aguilera-Verdugo, J. J., Aiba, M., Aichinger, I., Aielli, G., Akay, A., Akhundov, A., Aksakal, H., Albacete, J. L., Albergo, S., Alekou, A., Aleksa, M., Aleksan, R., Alemany Fernandez, R. M., Alexahin, Y., Alía, R. G., Alioli, S., Alipour Tehrani, N., Allanach, B. C., Allport, P. P., Altınlı, M., Altmannshofer, W., Ambrosio, G., Amorim, D., Amstutz, O., Anderlini, L., Andreazza, A., Andreini, M., Andriatis, A., Andris, C., Andronic, A., Angelucci, M., Antinori, F., Antipov, S. A., Antonelli, M., Antonello, M., Antonioli, P., Antusch, S., Anulli, F., Apolinário, L., Apollinari, G., Apollonio, A., Appelö, D., Appleby, R. B., Apyan, A., Arbey, A., Arbuzov, A., Arduini, G., Arı, V., Arias, S., Armesto, N., Arnaldi, R., Arsenyev, S. A., Arzeo, M., Asai, S., Aslanides, E., Aßmann, R. W., Astapovych, D., Atanasov, M., Atieh, S., Attié, D., Auchmann, B., Audurier, A., Aull, S., Aumon, S., Aune, S., Avino, F., Avrillaud, G., Aydın, G., Azatov, A., Azuelos, G., Azzi, P., Azzolini, O., Azzurri, P., Bacchetta, N., Bacchiocchi, E., Bachacou, H., Baek, Y. W., Baglin, V., Bai, Y., Baird, S., Baker, M. J., Baldwin, M. J., Ball, A. H., Ballarino, A., Banerjee, S., Barber, D. P., Barducci, D., Barjhoux, P., Barna, D., Barnaföldi, G. G., Barnes, M. J., Barr, A., Barranco García, J., Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J., Bartmann, W., Baryshevsky, V., Barzi, E., Bass, S. A., Bastianin, A., Baudouy, B., Bauer, F., Bauer, M., Baumgartner, T., Bautista-Guzmán, I., Bayındır, C., Beaudette, F., Bedeschi, F., Béguin, M., Bellafont, I., Bellagamba, L., Bellegarde, N., Belli, E., Bellingeri, E., Bellini, F., Bellomo, G., Belomestnykh, S., Bencivenni, G., Benedikt, M., Bernardi, G., Bernardi, J., Bernet, C., Bernhardt, J. M., Bernini, C., Berriaud, C., Bertarelli, A., Bertolucci, S., Besana, M. I., Besançon, M., Beznosov, O., Bhat, P., Bhat, C., Biagini, M. E., Biarrotte, J. -L., Bibet Chevalier, A., Bielert, E. R., Biglietti, M., Bilei, G. M., Bilki, B., Biscari, C., Bishara, F., Blanco-García, O. R., Blánquez, F. R., Blekman, F., Blondel, A., Blümlein, J., Boccali, T., Boels, R., Bogacz, S. A., Bogomyagkov, A., Boine-Frankenheim, O., Boland, M. J., Bologna, S., Bolukbasi, O., Bomben, M., Bondarenko, S., Bonvini, M., Boos, E., Bordini, B., Bordry, F., Borghello, G., Borgonovi, L., Borowka, S., Bortoletto, D., Boscherini, D., Boscolo, M., Boselli, S., Bosley, R. R., Bossu, F., Botta, C., Bottura, L., Boughezal, R., Boutin, D., Bovone, G., Božović Jelisavić, I., Bozbey, A., Bozzi, C., Bozzini, D., Braccini, V., Braibant-Giacomelli, S., Bramante, J., Braun-Munzinger, P., Briffa, J. A., Britzger, D., Brodsky, S. J., Brooke, J. J., Bruce, R., Brückman De Renstrom, P., Bruna, E., Brüning, O., Brunner, O., Brunner, K., Bruzzone, P., Buffat, X., Bulyak, E., Burkart, F., Burkhardt, H., Burnet, J. -P., Butin, F., Buttazzo, D., Butterworth, A., Caccia, M., Cai, Y., Caiffi, B., Cairo, V., Cakir, O., Calaga, R., Calatroni, S., Calderini, G., Calderola, G., Caliskan, A., Calvet, D., Calviani, M., Camalich, J. M., Camarri, P., Campanelli, M., Camporesi, T., Canbay, A. C., Canepa, A., Cantergiani, E., Cantore-Cavalli, D., Capeans, M., Cardarelli, R., Cardella, U., Cardini, A., Carloni Calame, C. M., Carra, F., Carra, S., Carvalho, A., Casalbuoni, S., Casas, J., Cascella, M., Castelnovo, P., Castorina, G., Catalano, G., Cavasinni, V., Cazzato, E., Cennini, E., Cerri, A., Cerutti, F., Cervantes, J., Chaikovska, I., Chakrabortty, J., Chala, M., Chamizo-Llatas, M., Chanal, H., Chanal, D., Chance, S., Chancé, A., Charitos, P., Charles, J., Charles, T. K., Chattopadhyay, S., Chehab, R., Chekanov, S. V., Chen, N., Chernoded, A., Chetvertkova, V., Chevalier, L., Chiarelli, G., Chiarello, G., Chiesa, M., Chiggiato, P., Childers, J. T., Chmielińska, A., Cholakian, A., Chomaz, P., Chorowski, M., Chou, W., Chrzaszcz, M., Chyhyrynets, E., Cibinetto, G., Ciftci, A. K., Ciftci, R., Cimino, R., Ciuchini, M., Clark, P. J., Coadou, Y., Cobal, M., Coccaro, A., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Collamati, F., Colldelram, C., Collier, P., Collot, J., Contino, R., Conventi, F., Cook, C. T. A., Cooley, L., Corcella, G., Cornell, A. S., Corral, G. H., Correia-Rodrigues, H., Costanza, F., Costa Pinto, P., Couderc, F., Coupard, J., Craig, N., Crespo Garrido, I., Crivellin, A., Croteau, J. F., Crouch, M., Cruz Alaniz, E., Curé, B., Curti, J., Curtin, D., Czech, M., Dachauer, C., D’Agnolo, R. T., Daibo, M., Dainese, A., Dalena, B., Daljevec, A., Dallapiazza, W., D’Aloia Schwartzentruber, L., Dam, M., D’Ambrosio, G., Das, S. P., Dasbakshi, S., da Silva, W., da Silveira, G. G., D’Auria, V., D’Auria, S., David, A., Davidek, T., Deandrea, A., de Blas, J., Debono, C. J., De Curtis, S., De Filippis, N., de Florian, D., Deghaye, S., de Jong, S. J., Del Bo, C., Del Duca, V., Delikaris, D., Deliot, F., Dell’Acqua, A., Delle Rose, L., Delmastro, M., De Lucia, E., Demarteau, M., Denegri, D., Deniau, L., Denisov, D., Denizli, H., Denner, A., D’Enterria, D., de Rijk, G., De Roeck, A., Derue, F., Deschamps, O., Descotes-Genon, S., Dev, P. S. B., de Vivie de Régie, J. B., Dewanjee, R. K., Di Ciaccio, A., Di Cicco, A., Dillon, B. M., Di Micco, B., Di Nezza, P., Di Vita, S., Doblhammer, A., Dominjon, A., D’Onofrio, M., Dordei, F., Drago, A., Draper, P., Drasal, Z., Drewes, M., Duarte, L., Dubovyk, I., Duda, P., Dudarev, A., Dudko, L., Duellmann, D., Dünser, M., du Pree, T., Durante, M., Duran Yildiz, H., Dutta, S., Duval, F., Duval, J. M., Dydyshka, Y., Dziewit, B., Eisenhardt, S., Eisterer, M., Ekelof, T., El Khechen, D., Ellis, S. A., Ellis, J., Ellison, J. A., Elsener, K., Elsing, M., Enari, Y., Englert, C., Eriksson, H., Eskola, K. J., Esposito, L. S., Etisken, O., Etzion, E., Fabbricatore, P., Falkowski, A., Falou, A., Faltova, J., Fan, J., Fanò, L., Farilla, A., Farinelli, R., Farinon, S., Faroughy, D. A., Fartoukh, S. D., Faus-Golfe, A., Fawcett, W. J., Felici, G., Felsberger, L., Ferdeghini, C., Fernandez Navarro, A. M., Fernández-Téllez, A., Ferradas Troitino, J., Ferrara, G., Ferrari, R., Ferreira, L., Ferreira da Silva, P., Ferrera, G., Ferro, F., Fiascaris, M., Fiorendi, S., Fiorio, C., Fischer, O., Fischer, E., Flieger, W., Florio, M., Fonnesu, D., Fontanesi, E., Foppiani, N., Foraz, K., Forkel-Wirth, D., Forte, S., Fouaidy, M., Fournier, D., Fowler, T., Fox, J., Francavilla, P., Franceschini, R., Franchino, S., Franco, E., Freitas, A., Fuks, B., Furukawa, K., Furuseth, S. V., Gabrielli, E., Gaddi, A., Galanti, M., Gallo, E., Ganjour, S., Gao, J., Garcia Diaz, V., García Pérez, M., García Tabarés, L., Garion, C., Garzelli, M. V., Garzia, I., Gascon-Shotkin, S. M., Gaudio, G., Gay, P., Ge, S. -F., Gehrmann, T., Genest, M. H., Gerard, R., Gerigk, F., Gerwig, H., Giacomelli, P., Giagu, S., Gianfelice-Wendt, E., Gianotti, F., Giffoni, F., Gilardoni, S. S., Gil Costa, M., Giovannetti, M., Giovannozzi, M., Giubellino, P., Giudice, G. F., Giunta, A., Gladilin, L. K., Glukhov, S., Gluza, J., Gobbi, G., Goddard, B., Goertz, F., Golling, T., Goncalves, V. P., Goncalves Netto, D., Gonçalo, R., Gonzalez Gomez, L. A., Gorgi Zadeh, S., Gorine, G., Gorini, E., Gourlay, S. A., Gouskos, L., Grancagnolo, F., Grassellino, A., Grau, A., Graverini, E., Gray, H. M., Greco, M., Grenard, J. -L., Grimm, O., Grojean, C., Gromov, V. A., Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F, Grudiev, A., Grzanka, K., Gu, J., Guadagnoli, D., Guidi, V., Guiducci, S., Guillermo Canton, G., Günaydin, Y. O., Gupta, R., Gupta, R. S., Gutierrez, J., Gutleber, J., Guyot, C., Guzey, V., Gwenlan, C., Haberstroh, C., Hacışahinoğlu, B., Haerer, B., Hahn, K., Hahn, T., Hammad, A., Han, C., Hance, M., Hannah, A., Harris, P. C., Hati, C., Haug, S., Hauptman, J., Haurylavets, V., He, H. -J., Hegglin, A., Hegner, B., Heinemann, K., Heinemeyer, S., Helsens, C., Henriques, A., Hernandez, P., Hernández-Pinto, R. J., Hernandez-Sanchez, J., Herzig, T., Hiekkanen, I., Hillert, W., Hoehn, T., Hofer, M., Höfle, W., Holdener, F., Holleis, S., Holzer, B., Hong, D. K., Honorato, C. G., Hopkins, S. C., Hrdinka, J., Hug, F., Humann, B., Humer, H., Hurth, T., Hutton, A., Iacobucci, G., Ibarrola, N., Iconomidou-Fayard, L., Ilyina-Brunner, K., Incandela, J., Infantino, A., Ippolito, V., Ishino, M., Islam, R., Ita, H., Ivanovs, A., Iwamoto, S., Iyer, A., Izquierdo Bermudez, S., Jadach, S., Jamin, D. O., Janot, P., Jarry, P., Jeff, A., Jenny, P., Jensen, E., Jensen, M., Jiang, X., Jiménez, J. M., Jones, M. A., Jones, O. R., Jowett, J. M., Jung, S., Kaabi, W., Kado, M., Kahle, K., Kalinovskaya, L., Kalinowski, J., Kamenik, J. F., Kannike, K., Kara, S. O., Karadeniz, H., Karaventzas, V., Karpov, I., Kartal, S., Karyukhin, A., Kashikhin, V., Katharina Behr, J., Kaya, U., Keintzel, J., Keinz, P. A., Keppel, K., Kersevan, R., Kershaw, K., Khanpour, H., Khatibi, S., Khatiri Yanehsari, M., Khoze, V. V., Kieseler, J., Kilic, A., Kilpinen, A., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, D. W., Klein, U., Klein, M., Kling, F., Klinkenberg, N., Klöppel, S., Klute, M., Klyukhin, V. I., Knecht, M., Kniehl, B., Kocak, F., Koeberl, C., Kolano, A. M., Kollegger, A., Kołodziej, K., Kolomiets, A. A., Komppula, J., Koop, I., Koppenburg, P., Koratzinos, M., Kordiaczyńska, M., Korjik, M., Kortner, O., Kostka, P., Kotlarski, W., Kotnig, C., Köttig, T., Kotwal, A. V., Kovalenko, A. D., Kowalski, S., Kozaczuk, J., Kozlov, G. A., Kozub, S. S., Krainer, A. M., Kramer, T., Krämer, M., Krammer, M., Krasnov, A. A., Krauss, F., Kravalis, K., Kretzschmar, L., Kriske, R. M., Kritscher, H., Krkotic, P., Kroha, H., Kucharczyk, M., Kuday, S., Kuendig, A., Kuhlmann, G., Kulesza, A., Kumar, M., Kusina, A., Kuttimalai, S., Kuze, M., Kwon, T., Lackner, F., Lackner, M., La Francesca, E., Laine, M., Lamanna, G., La Mendola, S., Lançon, E., Landsberg, G., Langacker, P., Lange, C., Langner, A., Lankford, A. J., Lansberg, J. P., Lari, T., Laycock, P. J., Lebrun, P., Lechner, A., Lee, K., Lee, S., Lee, R., Lefevre, T., Le Guen, P., Lehtinen, T., Leith, S. B., Lenzi, P., Leogrande, E., Leonidopoulos, C., Leon-Monzon, I., Lerner, G., Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Lévai, P., Leveratto, A., Levichev, E., Li, G., Li, S., Li, R., Liberati, D., Liepe, M., Lissauer, D. A., Liu, Z., Lobko, A., Locci, E., Logothetis Agaliotis, E., Lombardo, M. P., Long, A. J., Lorin, C., Losito, R., Louzguiti, A., Low, I., Lucchesi, D., Lucchini, M. T., Luciani, A., Lueckhof, M., Lunt, A. J. G., Luzum, M., Lyubimtsev, D. A., Maggiora, M., Magnin, N., Mahmoud, M. A., Mahmoudi, F., Maitre, J., Makarenko, V., Malagoli, A., Malclés, J., Malgeri, L., Mallon, P. J., Maltoni, F., Malvezzi, S., Malyshev, O. B., Mancinelli, G., Mandrik, P., Manfrinetti, P., Mangano, M., Manil, P., Mannelli, M., Marchiori, G., Marhauser, F., Mariani, V., Marinozzi, V., Mariotto, S., Marquard, P., Marquet, C., Marriott-Dodington, T., Martin, R., Martin, O., Martin Camalich, J., Martinez, T., Martinez Bruzual, H., Martínez-Hernández, M. I., Martins, D. E., Marzani, S., Marzocca, D., Marzola, L., Masciocchi, S., Masina, I., Massimiliano, A., Massironi, A., Masubuchi, T., Matveev, V. A., Mazzoni, M. A., Mccullough, M., Mcintosh, P. A., Meade, P., Medina, L., Meier, A., Meignan, J., Mele, B., Mendes Saraiva, J. G., Menez, F., Mentink, M., Meoni, E., Meridiani, P., Merk, M., Mermod, P., Mertens, V., Mether, L., Métral, E., Migliorati, M., Milanese, A., Milardi, C., Milhano, G., Militsyn, B. L., Millet, F., Minashvili, I., Minervini, J. V., Miralles, L. S., Mirarchi, D., Mishima, S., Missiaen, D. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mitsuhashi, T., Mnich, J., Mohammadi Najafabadi, M., Mohapatra, R. N., Mokhov, N., Molson, J. G., Monge, R., Montag, C., Montagna, G., Monteil, S., Montenero, G., Montesinos, E., Moortgat, F., Morange, N., Morello, G., Moreno Llácer, M., Moretti, M., Moretti, S., Morley, A. K., Moros, A., Morozov, I., Morretta, V., Morrone, M., Mostacci, A., Muanza, S., Muchnoi, N., Mühlegger, M., Mulder, M., Mulders, M., Müller, B., Müller, F., Müller, A. -S., Munilla, J., Murray, M. J., Muttoni, Y., Myers, S., Mylona, M., Nachtman, J., Nakamoto, T., Nardecchia, M., Nardini, G., Nason, P., Nergiz, Z., Nesterenko, A. V., Nettsträter, A., Neubüser, C., Neundorf, J., Niccoli, F., Nicrosini, O., Nie, Y., Niedermayer, U., Niedziela, J., Niemi, A., Nikitin, S. A., Nisati, A., No, J. M., Nonis, M., Nosochkov, Y., Novák, M., Novokhatski, A., O’Callaghan, J. M., Ochando, C., Ogur, S., Ohmi, K., Oide, K., Okorokov, V. A., Okumura, Y., Oleari, C., Olness, F. I., Onel, Y., Ortino, M., Osborne, J., Osland, P., Otto, T., Oyulmaz, K. Y., Ozansoy, A., Özcan, V., Özdemir, K., Pagliarone, C. E., Pais da Silva, H. F., Palmieri, E., Palumbo, L., Pampaloni, A., Pan, R. -Q., Panareo, M., Panella, O., Panico, G., Panizzo, G., Pankov, A. A., Pantsyrny, V., Papadopoulos, C. G., Papaefstathiou, A., Papaphilippou, Y., Parker, M. A., Parma, V., Pasquali, M., Patra, S. K., Patterson, R., Paukkunen, H., Pauss, F., Peggs, S., Penttinen, J. -P., Peón, G., Perepelkin, E. E., Perez, E., Perez, J. C., Perez, G., Pérez, F., Perez Codina, E., Perez Morales, J., Perfilov, M., Pernegger, H., Peruzzi, M., Pes, C., Peters, K., Petracca, S., Petriello, F., Pezzotti, L., Pfeiffer, S., Piccinini, F., Pieloni, T., Pierini, M., Pikhartova, H., Pikurs, G., Pilicer, E., Piminov, P., Pira, C., Pittau, R., Płaczek, W., Plagge, M., Plehn, T., Pleier, M. -A., Płoskoń, M., Podeur, M., Podlech, H., Podzorny, T., Poggioli, L., Poiron, A., Polesello, G., Poli Lener, M., Polini, A., Polinski, J., Polozov, S. M., Ponce, L., Pont, M., Pontecorvo, L., Portaluri, T., Potamianos, K., Prasse, C., Prausa, M., Preinerstorfer, A., Premat, E., Price, T., Primavera, M., Prino, F., Prioli, M., Proudfoot, J., Provino, A., Pugnat, T., Pukhaeva, N., Puławski, S., Pulikowski, D., Punzi, G., Putti, M., Pyarelal, A., Quack, H., Quispe, M., Racioppi, A., Rafique, H., Raginel, V., Raidal, M., Ramírez-Uribe, N. S., Ramsey-Musolf, M. J, Rata, R., Ratoff, P., Ravotti, F., Rebello Teles, P., Reboud, M., Redaelli, S., Renner, E., Rentería-Olivo, A. E., Rescigno, M., Reuter, J., Ribon, A., Ricci, A. M., Riegler, W., Riemann, S., Riemann, B., Riemann, T., Rifflet, J. M., Rimmer, R. A., Rinaldesi, R., Rinolfi, L., Rios Rubiras, O., Risselada, T., Rivetti, A., Rivkin, L., Rizzo, T., Robens, T., Robert, F., Robson, A. J., Rochepault, E., Roda, C., Rodrigo, G., Rodríguez-Cahuantzi, M., Rogan, C., Roig, M., Rojas-Torres, S., Rojo, J., Rolandi, G., Rolando, G., Roloff, P., Romanenko, A., Romanov, A., Roncarolo, F., Rosado Sanchez, A., Rosaz, G., Rossi, L., Rossi, A., Rossmanith, R., Rousset, B., Royon, C., Ruan, X., Ruehl, I., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Ruiz, R., Rumyantsev, L., Ruprecht, R., Ryazanov, A. I., Saba, A., Sadykov, R., Saez de Jauregui, D., Sahin, M., Sailer, B., Saito, M., Sala, F., Salam, G. P., Salfeld-Nebgen, J., Salgado, C. A., Salini, S., Sallese, J. M., Salmi, T., Salzburger, A., Sampayo, O. A., Sanfilippo, S., Santiago, J., Santopinto, E., Santoro, R., Sanz Ull, A., Sarasola, X., Sarpün, I. H., Sauvain, M., Savelyeva, S., Sawada, R., Sborlini, G. F. R., Schaffer, A., Schaumann, M., Schenk, M., Scheuerlein, C., Schienbein, I., Schlenga, K., Schmickler, H., Schmidt, R., Schoerling, D., Schöerner-Sadenius, T., Schoning, A., Schott, M., Schulte, D., Schwaller, P., Schwanenberger, C., Schwemling, P., Schwerg, N., Scibile, L., Sciuto, A., Scomparin, E., Sebastiani, C., Seeber, B., Segreti, M., Selva, P., Selvaggi, M., Senatore, C., Senol, A., Serin, L., Serluca, M., Serra, N., Seryi, A., Sestini, L., Sfyrla, A., Shaposhnikov, M., Shaposhnikova, E., Sharkov, B. Y., Shatilov, D., Shelton, J., Shiltsev, V., Shipsey, I. P., Shirkov, G. D., Shivaji, A., Shwartz, D., Sian, T., Sidorov, S., Silvestrini, L., Simand, N., Simon, F., Singh, B. K., Siódmok, A., Sirois, Y., Sirtori, E., Sirvinskaite, R., Sitar, B., Sjöstrand, T., Skands, P., Skordis, E., Skovpen, K., Skrzypek, M., Slade, E., Slavich, P., Slovak, R., Smaluk, V., Smirnov, V., Snoeys, W., Soffi, L., Sollander, P., Solovyanov, O., Soltveit, H. K., Song, H., Sopicki, P., Sorbi, M., Spallino, L., Spannowsky, M., Spataro, B., Sphicas, P., Spiesberger, H., Spiller, P., Spira, M., Srivastava, T., Stachel, J., Stakia, A., Stanyard, J. L., Starchenko, E., Starikov, A. Y., Staśto, A. M., Statera, M., Steerenberg, R., Steggemann, J., Stenvall, A., Stivanello, F., Stöckinger, D., Stoel, L. S., Stöger-Pollach, M., Strauss, B., Stuart, M., Stupakov, G., Su, S., Sublet, A., Sugita, K., Sulak, L., Sullivan, M. K., Sultansoy, S., Sumida, T., Suzuki, K., Sylva, G., Syphers, M. J., Sznajder, A., Taborelli, M., Tahir, N. A., Takeuchi, M., Tal Hod, E., Tambasco, C., Tanaka, J., Tang, K., Tapan, I., Taroni, S., Tartarelli, G. F., Tassielli, G., Tavian, L., Taylor, T. M., Taylor, G. N., Teixeira, A. M., Tejeda-Muñoz, G., Telnov, V. I., Tenchini, R., ten Kate, H. H. J., Terashi, K., Tesi, A., Testa, M., Tetrel, C., Teytelman, D., Thaler, J., Thamm, A., Thomas, S., Tiirakari, M. T., Tikhomirov, V., Tikhonov, D., Timko, H., Tisserand, V., Tkachenko, L. M., Tkaczuk, J., Tock, J. P., Todd, B., Todesco, E., Tomás Garcia, R., Tommasini, D., Tonelli, G., Toral, F., Torims, T., Torre, R., Townsend, Z., Trant, R., Treille, D., Trentadue, L., Tricoli, A., Tricomi, A., Trischuk, W., Tropin, I. S., Tuchming, B., Tudora, A. A., Turbiarz, B., Turk Cakir, I., Turri, M., Tydecks, T., Usovitsch, J., Uythoven, J., Vaglio, R., Valassi, A., Valchkova, F., Valdivia Garcia, M. A., Valente, P., Valente, R. U., Valente-Feliciano, A. -M., Valentino, G., Vale Silva, L., Valet, J. M., Valizadeh, R., Valle, J. W. F., Vallecorsa, S., Vallone, G., van Leeuwen, M., van Rienen, U. H., van Riesen-Haupt, L., Varasteh, M., Vecchi, L., Vedrine, P., Velev, G., Veness, R., Ventura, A., Venturini Delsolaro, W., Verducci, M., Verhaaren, C. B., Vernieri, C., Verweij, A. P., Verwilligen, O., Viazlo, O., Vicini, A., Viehhauser, G., Vignaroli, N., Vignolo, M., Vitrano, A., Vivarelli, I., Vlachos, S., Vogel, M., Vogt, D. M., Völkl, V., Volkov, P., Volpini, G., von Ahnen, J., Vorotnikov, G., Voutsinas, G. G., Vysotsky, V., Wagner, U., Wallny, R., Wang, L. -T., Wang, R., Wang, K., Ward, B. F. L., Watson, T. P., Watson, N. K., Ws, Z., Weiland, C., Weinzierl, S., Welsch, C. P., Wenninger, J., Widorski, M., Wiedemann, U. A., Wienands, H. -U., Wilkinson, G., Williams, P. H., Winter, A., Wohlfahrt, A., Wojtoń, T., Wollmann, D., Womersley, J., Woog, D., Wu, X., Wulzer, A., Yanehsari, M. K., Yang, G., Yang, H. J., Yao, W. -M., Yazgan, E., Yermolchik, V., Yilmaz, A., Yoo, H. -D., Yost, S. A., You, T., Young, C., Yu, T. -T., Yu, F., Zaborowska, A., Zadeh, S. G., Zahnd, M., Zanetti, M., Zanotto, L., Zawiejski, L., Zeiler, P., Zerlauth, M., Zernov, S. M., Zevi Dell Porta, G., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, C., Zhang, H., Zhao, Z., Zhong, Y. -M., Zhou, J., Zhou, D., Zhuang, P., Zick, G., Zimmermann, F., Zinn-Justin, J., Zivkovic, L., Zlobin, A. V., Zobov, M., Zupan, J., Zurita, J., Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Cryoréfrigérateurs et Cryogénie Spatiale (LCCS), Département des Systèmes Basses Températures (DSBT ), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Cryogénie pour la Fusion (LCF ), Laboratoire de Réfrigération et ThermoHydraulique (LRTH ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
design [accelerator], high [luminosity], lepton, EASITRAIN, tin [niobium], engineering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], costs, FCC-hh, ddc:530, FCC, accelerator: technology, accelerator: design, activity report, superconductivity [magnet], electron positron, new physics, Lepton injectors, technology [accelerator], Regular Article, FCC-ee, magnet: superconductivity, sensitivity, Lepton collider, Automatic Keywords, energy: upgrade, CERN LHC Coll, cryogenics, FCC-ee: The Lepton Collider, Conceptual design report (CDR), Leptons, collider, luminosity: high, upgrade [energy], niobium: tin, performance
Abstract

International audience; Particle physics has arrived at an important moment of its history. The discovery of the Higgs boson, with a mass of 125 GeV, completes the matrix of particles and interactions that has constituted the “Standard Model” for several decades. This model is a consistent and predictive theory, which has so far proven successful at describing all phenomena accessible to collider experiments. On the other hand, several experimental facts do require the extension of the Standard Model and explanations are needed for observations such as the domination of matter over antimatter, the evidence for dark matter and the non-zero neutrino masses. Theoretical issues that need to be addressed include the hierarchy problem, the neutrality of the Universe, the stability of the Higgs boson mass upon quantum corrections and the strong CP problem. This report contains the description of a novel research infrastructure based on a highest-luminosity energy frontier electron-positron collider (FCC-ee) to address the open questions of modern physics. It will be a general precision instrument for the continued in-depth exploration of nature at the smallest scales, optimised to measure precisely the properties of the Higgs boson at the per-cent level, the Z and W bosons, the top quark and the Higgs coupling to the Z at the per-mil level. FCC-ee will provide unprecedented sensitivity to signs of new physics appearing either in the form of small deviations from the Standard Model or as rare decay processes. This collider will be implemented in stages, successively spanning the entire energy range from the Z pole over the WW threshold and H production peak to the t"t" ̅ threshold. Most of the infrastructure (e.g. underground structures, surface sites, electrical distribution, cooling & ventilation, RF systems) can be directly re-used for a subsequent highest-energy hadron collider (described in the FCC conceptual design report volume 3), serving the world-wide particle-physics community in a highly synergetic and cost-effective manner throughout the 21st century. The European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) update 2013 stated “To stay at the forefront of particle physics, Europe needs to be in a position to propose an ambitious post-LHC accelerator project at CERN by the time of the next Strategy update”. The FCC study has implemented the ESPP recommendation by developing a long-term vision for an “accelerator project in a global context”. This document describes the detailed design and preparation of a construction project for a post-LHC circular lepton collider “in collaboration with national institutes, laboratories and universities worldwide”, and enhanced by a strong participation of industrial partners. Now, a coordinated preparation effort can be based on a core of an ever-growing consortium of already more than 135 institutes worldwide. The technology for constructing a high-energy, highest-luminosity circular lepton collider exists today. The FCC-ee concept comprises a power-saving twin-aperture magnet system, a continuous top-up injection scheme for stable operation and maximum integrated luminosity. Combined with an energy staging scheme, the FCC-ee represents the most efficient and most sustainable route for executing the research required to discover signs of new physics beyond the Standard Model. The step-wise energy increase of the FCC-ee does not require any additional civil engineering activities. Strategic R&D for FCC-ee aims at minimising construction cost and energy consumption, while maximising the socio-economic impact. It will mitigate residual technology-related risks and ensure that industry can benefit from an acceptable economic utility. Concerning the implementation, a preparatory phase of about eight years is both necessary and adequate to establish the project governance and organisation structures, building the international machine and experiment consortia, developing a territorial implementation plan in agreement with the host-states’ requirements, optimising the disposal of land and underground volumes and preparing the civil engineering project. Such a large-scale, international fundamental research infrastructure, tightly involving industrial partners and providing training at all education levels, will be a strong motor of economic and societal development in all participating nations. The FCC study has implemented a set of actions towards a coherent vision for the world-wide high-energy and particle physics community, providing a collaborative framework for topically complementary and geographically well-balanced contributions. This conceptual design report lays the foundation for a subsequent infrastructure preparatory and technical design phase.

Published
2019

106. 163Ho distillation and implantation for the HOLMES experiment

Author

M. De Gerone, S. Heinitz, G. Gallucci, A. Orlando, Michele Biasotti, A. Nucciotti, V. Ceriale, M. Faverzani, A. Puiu, Rugard Dressler, Dorothea Schumann, Emanuele Ferri, Alessia Provino, Pietro Manfrinetti, Flavio Gatti, Andrea Giachero, De Gerone, M, Biasotti, M, Ceriale, V, Dressler, R, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Gallucci, G, Gatti, F, Giachero, A, Heinitz, S, Manfrinetti, P, Nucciotti, A, Orlando, A, Provino, A, Puiu, A, and Schumann, D

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Isotope, Ion implanter, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Ion source, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Holmium, Instrumentation, Acceleration, Ion implantation, chemistry, Sputtering, law, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Distillation, Magnetic dipole
Abstract

The HOLMES experiment aims to directly measure the ν mass with a calorimetric approach. The choice of 163Ho isotope as source is driven by the very low decay Q-value ( ∼ 2.8 keV), which allows for high sensitivity with low activities (O(10 2 )Hz/detector), thus reducing the pile-up probability. 163 Ho will be produced by neutron irradiation of 162Er 2 O 3 then chemically separated; anyway, traces of others isotopes and contaminants will be still present. In particular 166 m Ho has a beta decay ( τ ∼ 1200y) which can induce background below 5 keV. The removal of the contaminants is critical so a dedicated system has been set up. It is designed to achieve an optimal mass separation @ 163 a.m.u. and consists of two main components: an evaporation chamber and an ion implanter. The first item is used to reduce Ho in metallic form providing a target for the ion implanter source. The implanter is made by the sputter source, an acceleration section, a magnetic dipole, a x–y scanning stage and a focusing electrostatic triplet. In this contribution we will describe the procedures for the Holmium “distillation” process and the status of the machine commissioning.

Published
2019

108. Mn substitution effect on the local structure of La(Fe

Author

Muammer Yasin Yasin, Hacisalihoglu, Laura, Simonelli, Carlo, Marini, Alessia, Provino, Alberto, Martinelli, Pietro, Manfrinetti, Marina, Putti, and Naurang Lal, Saini

Abstract

The local structure of La(Fe

Published
2020

109. Silica-based photonic crystal fiber for the generation of broad band UV radiation

Author

Clemens F. Kaminski, Thibaut Sylvestre, Chetan Poudel, Gil Fanjoux, Thierry F. Taunay, Achille Monteville, David Landais, Laurent Provino, Amar Nath Ghosh, S. Perret, John M. Dudley, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Spectral line, 010309 optics, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Rayleigh scattering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Multi-mode optical fiber, business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Cladding (fiber optics), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Supercontinuum, symbols, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Raman scattering, Ultraviolet, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract

International audience; We report a small-core UV-grade silica multimode photonic crystal fiber for nonlinear frequency conversion in the ultraviolet spectral region. The fiber has been fabricated using F110 UV-Grade glass from Heraeus, which features excellent transmission and low solarization in the UV window. Pumping the fiber core at 355 nm with picosecond laser pulses, we observe the appearance of parametric sidebands in several spatial modes up to 380 nm. We modelled this process using intermodal phase-matching conditions and obtained excellent agreement between calculations and the measured data. We further report frequency conversion pumping into the fiber microstructured cladding where broadband cascaded Raman scattering spanning up to 391 nm is observed. These results represent a significant step towards the efficient and stable generation of UV supercontinuum spectra in an all-silica fiber platform.

Published
2020
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111. 'Idealità e Materialismo': A first multi-technique characterization of Monteverde's plaster sculpture

Author

M. Mödlinger, W. Sgroi, C. Belfortini, M. Ferretti, L. Gaggero, G. Torrielli, A. Provino, and P. Manfrinetti

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Archeology, Microprobe, Gypsum, Materials science, XRD, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Giulio Monteverde, chemistry.chemical_compound, SEM-EDX, 0601 history and archaeology, Porosity, Chemical composition, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Calcite, Sculpture, Anhydrite, Plaster sculpture, 060102 archaeology, Metallurgy, Instrumental characterization, FTIR, 06 humanities and the arts, Characterization (materials science), chemistry, engineering
Abstract

Giulio Monteverde (1837–1917) was one of the major and most important sculptors of the early 1900s, both in Italy and at a worldwide level. Monteverde is mainly known for the artworks he realized in stone and metal, but he still remains almost unacknowledged for his plaster statues. Until today, neither the manufacture, nor the chemical composition of these sculptures was ever studied. In this paper, we have performed a preliminary investigation of the morphological and chemical composition of the gypsum plaster that Monteverde used to create his artwork in stone “Idealita e Materialismo”, today in the National Gallery of Modern Art in Rome. Micro-samples of the sculpture were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), analytical microprobe (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). This enabled the identification of both the chemical composition of the material used by the artist and the steps adopted to realize his sculptures. The analyzed samples have shown the presence of a thin finishing layer, as a “skin”, covering the whole artwork. This layer consists mainly of Gypsum, Calcite and Anhydrite and has, consequently, a different chemical composition than the inner bulk, which is made of pure gypsum. Such outer layer results in a marble-like surface of the sculpture with increased hardness and reduced porosity, which results in a higher resistance to external environmental conditions. This may also explain why Monteverde’s plaster sculptures are so well preserved over time.

Published
2020

112. $$^{163}$$ 163 Ho Distillation and Implantation for HOLMES Experiment

Author

Andrea Giachero, V. Ceriale, Michele Biasotti, A. Nucciotti, Flavio Gatti, Emanuele Ferri, A. Puiu, Angelo Orlando, M. Faverzani, Alessia Provino, Pietro Manfrinetti, M. De Gerone, and G. Gallucci

Subjects
Physics, Q value, Resonance, chemistry.chemical_element, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Heat capacity, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Section (fiber bundle), Ion implantation, chemistry, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Production (computer science), Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Holmium
Abstract

HOLMES is an experiment to directly measure the neutrino mass with a calorimetric approach. The calorimetric technique eliminates several systematic uncertainties usually present in spectrometers where the external source and decays to excited states affect the measurement. $$^{163}\hbox {Ho}$$ is chosen as source for its very low Q value (2.8 keV), the proximity of the end-point to resonance M1 and its half life (4570 year). These features are optimal to reach simultaneously a reasonable activity to have sufficient statistics in the end-point and a small quantity of $$^{163}\hbox {Ho}$$ embedded in the detector not to alter significantly its heat capacity. $$^{163}\hbox {Ho}$$ will be produced via neutron irradiation of enriched $$^{162}\hbox {Er}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$ at the Institute Laue–Langevin (Grenoble, France), and chemically separated at Paul Scherrer Institut (Villigen, Switzerland). It will arrive at INFN laboratory of Genova in oxide form ( $$\hbox {Ho}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$ ) with traces of others Ho isotopes and contaminants not removable using chemical methods. In particular, the metastable $$^{166\hbox {m}}\hbox {Ho}$$ undergoes beta decay with a half life of about 1200 year, if present $$^{166\hbox {m}}\hbox {Ho}$$ induces background below 5 keV. The removal of these contaminants is critical for HOLMES so a dedicated system is being set up. The system is designed to achieve an optimal mass separation for $$^{163}\hbox {Ho}$$ and consists of two main components: an evaporation chamber and an ion implanter. In the evaporation chamber, holmium will be reduced in metallic form, using the reaction $$\hbox {2Y+Ho}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}\rightarrow $$ $$\hbox {Y}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}\hbox {+2Ho}$$ and used to produce a metallic target for the ion implanter source. The ion implanter consists of five main components: a Penning sputter ion source, an acceleration section, a magnetic/electrostatic mass analyser, a magnetic scanning stage and a focusing electrostatic triplet. In this contribution, we describe the procedures, under continuous refinement, for the holmium evaporation process, the ion-implanted metallic target production and the status of the ion implanter.

Published
2018

113. Ferromagnetism in the orthorhombic PrPd and SmPd

Author

Vijay Dhar and A. Provino

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Mechanical Engineering, Magnon, Metals and Alloys, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Heat capacity, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Paramagnetism, Magnetization, Ferromagnetism, Mechanics of Materials, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Curie temperature, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Orthorhombic crystal system, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

In continuation of our studies on the binary RPd compounds (orthorhombic CrB-type structure, Pearson symbol oS8, space group Cmcm, No. 63), we report here the magnetic properties of the iso-structural PrPd and SmPd. The two compounds order ferromagnetically with the Curie temperature, TC, of nearly 12 K and 22 K, respectively (inferred from the peak temperature of the heat capacity at the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition). Anomalies in the magnetization and the electrical resistivity are also observed in correspondence of the bulk magnetic transition. The ferromagnetic nature of the magnetic transition is clearly indicated by the temperature and field dependence of the magnetization. The coercive fields of the two compounds are measured to be 160 Oe and 12 kOe at 2 K, respectively. The temperature dependence of both the heat capacity and electrical resistivity indicates a gapped ferromagnetic magnon spectrum with the gaps of ≈11 K and ≈40 K in PrPd and SmPd, respectively. The data obtained in current work are compared and discussed together with those previously reported for CePd and NdPd; the Curie temperatures of the four RPd iso-structural compounds follow the de Gennes scaling.

Published
2018

114. The R10Pd21 compounds (R = Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd–Lu). Crystal structure and magnetism of the ‘RPd2’ phases

Author

Alessia Provino, S. K. Dhar, Pietro Manfrinetti, and Nediadath S. Sangeetha

Subjects
Materials science, 020502 materials, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Crystal structure, Laves phase, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Magnetic susceptibility, Magnetization, Crystallography, 0205 materials engineering, Materials Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Néel temperature, CALPHAD, Phase diagram, Monoclinic crystal system
Abstract

We have investigated the formation and stability of the binary rare-earth phases, previously reported in the literature as “RPd2”. Although these phases apparently showed a simple stoichiometry, their structure was not that of a Laves phase. After more than half of a century their crystal structure and true stoichiometry have been finally established. The exact stoichiometry of the “RPd2” phases is R10Pd21. The formation of the R10Pd21 compounds has been ascertained for R = Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd to Lu, including Yb; Sc does not form the 10 : 21 phase. Pr10Pd21 forms only as a high temperature phase. These compounds crystallize in the monoclinic Sm10Pd21-type (mS124-C2/m, No. 12, Z = 4); the lattice parameters and unit cell volume decrease linearly on going from Pr to Lu in agreement with the lanthanide contraction. The crystal structure has been determined by X-ray powder diffraction and refined by Rietveld method for the Y, Nd, Tb and Lu compounds. These phases form by a peritectic reaction; the formation temperature, Tf, of some of them has also been measured and compared with the values reported for the “RPd2” phases for which the literature data are available. The increase of both the volume contraction and Tf on going from Pr10Pd21 to Lu10Pd21 suggests an increase of the thermodynamic stability along the series from the lighter to the heavier R. Physical properties (heat capacity, magnetic susceptibility and magnetization, electrical resistivity and magnetoresistance) have been measured for some members of the series (Nd10Pd21, Gd10Pd21, Tb10Pd21, Dy10Pd21, Ho10Pd21, Lu10Pd21 and Y10Pd21). Antiferromagnetic ordering is found for compounds with magnetic R ions at low temperature; the highest Neel temperature, TN, is 10 K for Tb10Pd21. The present experimental work represents a valuable contribution towards a more complete knowledge of the R–Pd systems. In the light of these results, all the binary R–Pd phase diagrams have to be reinvestigated (mainly those based on data assessed by the CALPHAD technique, using optimized thermodynamic parameters) and updated to furnish the material scientists consistent information to challenge the study of more complex systems.

Published
2018

115. Form-induced birefringence in elliptical hollow photonic crystal fiber with large mode area

Author

Belardi, Walter, Provino, Laurent, Bouwmans, Geraud, and Douay, Marc

Subjects
Crystal whiskers -- Optical properties, Refraction, Double -- Analysis, Photonics -- Research, Business, Computers, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

The possibility to obtain a form-induced birefringence in a large mode area-photonic crystal fiber (LMA-PCF) by inserting an elliptical air hole in its center is investigated. It is shown that form-induced birefringence can be achieved in single mode PCFs with large mode area and also act as a possible route for the development of polarization maintaining PCF-based LMA fiber devices.

Published
2005

117. The role of texturing and thickness of oxide buffer layers in the superconducting properties of Fe(Se,Te) Coated Conductors

Author

Sylva, G, primary, Bellingeri, E, additional, Bernini, C, additional, Celentano, G, additional, Ferdeghini, C, additional, Leveratto, A, additional, Lisitskiy, M, additional, Malagoli, A, additional, Manca, N, additional, Mancini, A, additional, Manfrinetti, P, additional, Pallecchi, I, additional, Provino, A, additional, Putti, M, additional, Vannozzi, A, additional, and Braccini, V, additional

Published
2020
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121. Crystallographic, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties in novel intermetallic materials R3CoNi (R = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu)

Author

Alberto Oleaga, I. R. Aseguinolaza, Davide Peddis, Pietro Manfrinetti, Agustín Salazar, Alessia Provino, and A. Herrero

Subjects
Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, Intermetallic, 02 engineering and technology, Crystal structure, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Magnetization, Paramagnetism, Mean field theory, Ferromagnetism, Mechanics of Materials, Materials Chemistry, Magnetic refrigeration, 0210 nano-technology, Critical exponent
Abstract

A family of novel intermetallic R3CoNi with heavy rare earth ions has been synthesized (R = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu) and a study of the crystal structure of these phases performed. All the compounds adopt the rhombohedral Er3Ni2-type structure [Pearson’s symbol hR45; space group R-3h (N. 148)]. A thorough investigation of their magnetic and magnetocaloric properties has been undertaken. Magnetization and ac-susceptibility measurements as a function of temperature show that the samples with Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm present a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic (PM-FM) transition at temperatures in the range 96–6 K; different reorientation transitions take place below the respective TC, in most cases with thermomagnetic irreversibility. Thermal and magnetic measurements have been used to retrieve the set of critical exponents (α, β, γ, δ) for the PM-FM transition to assign a universality class to Tb3CoNi, Dy3CoNi, and Ho3CoNi, with the result that, in the first case, it is close to the Mean Field model, in the second one it is between the Chiral Heisenberg and the XY-Chiral, and in the third one it is close to the XY-Chiral model. Therefore, in Tb3CoNi the transition is governed by long-range order interactions, whereas in Dy3CoNi and Ho3CoNi there must be some kind of frustrated non-collinear ferromagnetism. The magnetocaloric measurements in five members of the family indicate that all of them present highly competitive magnetocaloric properties in their respective temperature ranges, with high magnetic entropy changes (from 12.8 to 18.5 J/Kg.K at μ0ΔH = 5 T) and refrigerant capacities (from 412 to 699 J/Kg at μ0ΔH = 5 T). These results assess and highlight the applicative interest of these compounds, besides suggesting the possibility of tuning the range of the operating temperature by modifying the rare earth ion. Finally, universal curves for the magnetocaloric properties have been found for Tb3CoNi, Dy3CoNi, and Ho3CoNi; the scaling of the magnetocaloric variables confirms the validity of the assigned universality classes.

Published
2021

122. Crystal structure and anisotropic magnetic properties of new ferromagnetic Kondo lattice compound Ce(Cu,Al,Si)2

Author

A. Thamizhavel, Alessia Provino, Arvind Maurya, Marcella Pani, S. K. Dhar, and G.A. Costa

Subjects
Materials science, Ce(Cu, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Crystal electric field, 01 natural sciences, Heat capacity, Crystal, Al, Si)2, Heavy fermion, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Magnetization, Tetragonal crystal system, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 010306 general physics, Ce(Cu,Al,Si)2, Ferromagnetic Kondo lattice, Single crystal, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed matter physics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Ferromagnetism, 0210 nano-technology, Temperature coefficient
Abstract

Single crystals of the new compound CeCu 0.18 Al 0.24 Si 1.58 have been grown by high-temperature solution growth method using a eutectic Al-Si mixture as flux. This compound is derived from the binary CeSi 2 (tetragonal α-ThSi 2 -type, Pearson symbol tI 12, space group I 4 1 /amd ) obtained by partial substitution of Si by Cu and Al atoms but showing full occupation of the Si crystal site (8 e ). While CeSi 2 is a well-known valence-fluctuating paramagnetic compound, the CeCu 0.18 Al 0.24 Si 1.58 phase orders ferromagnetically at T C =9.3 K. At low temperatures the easy-axis of magnetization is along the a- axis, which re-orients itself along the c -axis above 30 K. The presence of hysteresis in the magnetization curve, negative temperature coefficient of resistivity at high temperatures, reduced jump in the heat capacity and a relatively lower entropy released up to the ordering temperature, and enhanced Sommerfeld coefficient (≈100 mJ/mol K 2 ) show that CeCu 0.18 Al 0.24 Si 1.58 is a Kondo lattice ferromagnetic, moderate heavy fermion compound. Analysis of the high temperature heat capacity data in the paramagnetic region lets us infer that the crystal electric field split doublet levels are located at 178 and 357 K, respectively, and Kondo temperature (8.4 K) is of the order of T C in CeCu 0.18 Al 0.24 Si 1.58 .

Published
2017

124. Stability, Crystal Chemistry, and Magnetism of U

Author

Alessia, Provino, Volodymyr, Smetana, Timothy A, Hackett, Durga, Paudyal, Manish K, Kashyap, Cristina, Bernini, Amitava, Bhattacharyya, Sudesh K, Dhar, Marcella, Pani, Flavio, Gatti, Anja-Verena, Mudring, and Pietro, Manfrinetti

Abstract

We investigated the U-Ni-B and Nb-Ni-B systems to search for possible new heavy fermion compounds and superconducting materials. The formation, crystal chemistry, and physical properties of U

Published
2019

125. Génération d'un spectre ultraviolet de 350 à 391 nm dans une fibre opttique à cristal photonique en silice UV-Grade

Author

Perret, Solveig, Poudel, Chetan, Ghosh, Amar Nath, Fanjoux, Gil, Provino, Laurent, Le Goffic, O, Landais, D, Monteville, A, Kaminski, C, Dudley, John Michaël, Sylvestre, Thibaut, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Cambridge University Hospitals - NHS (CUH), and Société Française d'Optique

Subjects
Fibres à cristaux photoniques, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Optique non linéaire, Interactions modales, Ultraviolet
Abstract

International audience; Nous reportons la fabrication d'une fibre optique micro-structurée fortement non-linéaire à base de verre UV-Grade et nous démontrons expérimentalement la génération d'un spectre UV allant de 350 nm à 391 nm par cascade Raman et génération paramétrique intermodale. Ces résultats représentent une étape significative vers la génération efficace de supercontinuum ultraviolet dans une fibre tout silice.

Published
2019

126. UV-Grade Silica-based Photonic Crystal Fibers for broadband UV generation over 350-395 nm

Author

Gil Fanjoux, S. Perret, T. Taunay, D. Landais, John M. Dudley, L. Provino, Amar Nath Ghosh, Thibaut Sylvestre, A. Monteville, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Perfos (Perfos)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, business.industry, Wavelength range, Material Absorption, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, medicine.disease_cause, 7. Clean energy, Supercontinuum, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Broadband, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, Optoelectronics, Power handling, 0210 nano-technology, business, Ultraviolet, Excitation, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract

International audience; A major challenge in supercontinuum (SC) generation is to overcome the shortcomings of existing fibre-based SC sources in the ultraviolet (UV) wavelength range below 400 nm [1]. There is particular need for broadband sources of UV light in applications such as multi-photon fluorescence microscopy for simultaneous coherent excitation of multiple fluorophores. However, UV generation in conventional silica-core fibres is extremely difficult because of factors such as material absorption, large normal dispersion, glass stability, power handling, and aging, and this has motivated much recent interest in the use of alternative approaches [2,3]. Although these results show great promise, compatibility with the ubiquitous silica platform remains a problem, and there is thus intense current interest in generating UV-light using modified UV-resistant silica glasses.

Published
2019

127. Silica Hollow Core Antiresonant Fiber for Harsh Environment Mid-IR Sensing Applications

Author

Xavier Insou, Laurent Provino, Adil Haboucha, David Landais, Loïc Bodiou, Sébastien Claudot, Thierry Taunay, Joel CHARRIER, Monique Thual, Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Souriau-Sunbank-esterline ECT, École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

129. From Tb3Ni2 to Tb3CoNi : The interplay between chemistry, structure, and magnetism

Author

Alessia Provino, Vitalij K. Pecharsky, François Fauth, Pietro Manfrinetti, Clemens Ritter, and S. K. Dhar

Subjects
Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Magnetism, 02 engineering and technology, Crystal structure, Structure type, Triclinic crystal system, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Crystallography, Ferromagnetism, Lattice (order), 0103 physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, General Materials Science, Experimental methods, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Monoclinic crystal system
Abstract

Formation, crystal structure, and macroscopic and microscopic magnetism of the binary $\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{b}}_{3}\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{i}}_{2}$ and derivative pseudobinary $\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{b}}_{3}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{o}}_{x}\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{i}}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}$ phases have been investigated using an array of experimental methods. While $\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{b}}_{3}\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{i}}_{2}$ crystallizes in the monoclinic $\mathrm{D}{\mathrm{y}}_{3}\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{i}}_{2}$ structure type ($\mathit{mS}20, C2$/m), the substitution of Co for Ni results in a structural transition into the rhombohedral $\mathrm{E}{\mathrm{r}}_{3}\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{i}}_{2}$ type ($\mathit{hR}\mathrm{45}, R\overline{3}h$) at $x(\mathrm{Co})\ensuremath{\approx}0.34$ and beyond in the $\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{b}}_{3}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{o}}_{x}\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{i}}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}$ system. In both the monoclinic and rhombohedral phases, the addition of Co leads to an anisotropic change of lattice parameters and unexpected reduction of the cell volume. Measurements of bulk properties reveal that these compounds order ferrimagnetically or ferromagnetically at about 100 K. Complex noncollinear ferromagnetic ordering in the Tb sublattices is weakly dependent on composition. For $x$ g 0.34 the long-range magnetic ordering leads to a strong anisotropic magnetostriction accompanied by a symmetry reduction from rhombohedral to triclinic.

Published
2019

130. FCC Physics Opportunities

Author

Abada, A., Abbrescia, M., AbdusSalam, S. S., Abdyukhanov, I., Fernandez, J. Abelleira, Abramov, A., Aburaia, M., Acar, A. O., Adzic, P. R., Agrawal, P., Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A., Aguilera-Verdugo, J. J., Aiba, M., Aichinger, I., Aielli, G., Akay, A., Akhundov, A., Aksakal, H., Albacete, J. L., Albergo, S., Alekou, A., Aleksa, M., Aleksan, R., Fernandez, R. M. Alemany, Alexahin, Y., Alía, R. G., Alioli, S., Tehrani, N. Alipour, Allanach, B. C., Allport, P. P., Altınlı, M., Altmannshofer, W., Ambrosio, G., Amorim, D., Amstutz, O., Anderlini, L., Andreazza, A., Andreini, M., Andriatis, A., Andris, C., Andronic, A., Angelucci, M., Antinori, F., Antipov, S. A., Antonelli, M., Antonello, M., Antonioli, P., Antusch, S., Anulli, F., Apolinário, L., Apollinari, G., Apollonio, A., Appelö, D., Appleby, R. B., Apyan, Ara., Apyan, Arm., Arbey, A., Arbuzov, A., Arduini, G., Arı, V., Arias, S., Armesto, N., Arnaldi, R., Arsenyev, S. A., Arzeo, M., Asai, S., Aslanides, E., Aßmann, R. W., Astapovych, D., Atanasov, M., Atieh, S., Attié, D., Auchmann, B., Audurier, A., Aull, S., Aumon, S., Aune, S., Avino, F., Avrillaud, G., Aydın, G., Azatov, A., Azuelos, G., Azzi, P., Azzolini, O., Azzurri, P., Bacchetta, N., Bacchiocchi, E., Bachacou, H., Baek, Y. W., Baglin, V., Bai, Y., Baird, S., Baker, M. J., Baldwin, M. J., Ball, A. H., Ballarino, A., Banerjee, S., Barber, D. P., Barducci, D., Barjhoux, P., Barna, D., Barnaföldi, G. G., Barnes, M. J., Barr, A., García, J. Barranco, da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimarães, Bartmann, W., Baryshevsky, V., Barzi, E., Bass, S. A., Bastianin, A., Baudouy, B., Bauer, F., Bauer, M., Baumgartner, T., Bautista-Guzmán, I., Bayındır, C., Beaudette, F., Bedeschi, F., Béguin, M., Bellafont, I., Bellagamba, L., Bellegarde, N., Belli, E., Bellingeri, E., Bellini, F., Bellomo, G., Belomestnykh, S., Bencivenni, G., Benedikt, M., Bernardi, G., Bernardi, J., Bernet, C., Bernhardt, J. M., Bernini, C., Berriaud, C., Bertarelli, A., Bertolucci, S., Besana, M. I., Besançon, M., Beznosov, O., Bhat, P., Bhat, C., Biagini, M. E., Biarrotte, J.-L., Chevalier, A. Bibet, Bielert, E. R., Biglietti, M., Bilei, G. M., Bilki, B., Biscari, C., Bishara, F., Blanco-García, O. R., Blánquez, F. R., Blekman, F., Blondel, A., Blümlein, J., Boccali, T., Boels, R., Bogacz, S. A., Bogomyagkov, A., Boine-Frankenheim, O., Boland, M. J., Bologna, S., Bolukbasi, O., Bomben, M., Bondarenko, S., Bonvini, M., Boos, E., Bordini, B., Bordry, F., Borghello, G., Borgonovi, L., Borowka, S., Bortoletto, D., Boscherini, D., Boscolo, M., Boselli, S., Bosley, R. R., Bossu, F., Botta, C., Bottura, L., Boughezal, R., Boutin, D., Bovone, G., Jelisavc̆ić, I. Božović, Bozbey, A., Bozzi, C., Bozzini, D., Braccini, V., Braibant-Giacomelli, S., Bramante, J., Braun-Munzinger, P., Briffa, J. A., Britzger, D., Brodsky, S. J., Brooke, J. J., Bruce, R., De Renstrom, P. Brückman, Bruna, E., Brüning, O., Brunner, O., Brunner, K., Bruzzone, P., Buffat, X., Bulyak, E., Burkart, F., Burkhardt, H., Burnet, J.-P., Butin, F., Buttazzo, D., Butterworth, A., Caccia, M., Cai, Y., Caiffi, B., Cairo, V., Cakir, O., Calaga, R., Calatroni, S., Calderini, G., Calderola, G., Caliskan, A., Calvet, D., Calviani, M., Camalich, J. M., Camarri, P., Campanelli, M., Camporesi, T., Canbay, A. C., Canepa, A., Cantergiani, E., Cantore-Cavalli, D., Capeans, M., Cardarelli, R., Cardella, U., Cardini, A., Calame, C. M. Carloni, Carra, F., Carra, S., Carvalho, A., Casalbuoni, S., Casas, J., Cascella, M., Castelnovo, P., Castorina, G., Catalano, G., Cavasinni, V., Cazzato, E., Cennini, E., Cerri, A., Cerutti, F., Cervantes, J., Chaikovska, I., Chakrabortty, J., Chala, M., Chamizo-Llatas, M., Chanal, H., Chanal, D., Chance, S., Chancé, A., Charitos, P., Charles, J., Charles, T. K., Chattopadhyay, S., Chehab, R., Chekanov, S. 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Subjects
CERN, FCC, PHYSICS, HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment, ddc
Abstract

We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e−, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders, which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of precision and sensitivity to new physics.

Published
2019

131. The Local Structure And Magnetic Correlations In La(Fei(1-X)Mn(X))Aso System

Author

Hacisalihoglu, M. Y., Paris, E., Simonelli, L., Joseph, B., Provino, A., Lamura, G., Martinelli, A., Manfrinetti, P., Aquilanti, G., Ozturk, K., Dore, P., Putti, M., and Saini, N. L.

Abstract

The local structure of La(Fei(1-x)Mn(x))AsO, showing suppression of long-range magnetic order by Mn-substitution, has been studied. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements at As K-edge and Fe K-edge are used to probe the atomic correlations in the FeAs-layer. We have found that both Fe-As and Fe-Fe bondlengths tend to increase with increasing Mn concentration. The associated mean square relative displacements (MSRD) reveal a gradual increase indicating increased local disorder in the FeAs-layer with Mn content. The results reveal that the FeAs-layer thickness, measured by the As-height (h(AS),) from the Fe-Fe plane, is correlated with the Neel temperature. Furthermore, Fe K beta X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) shows a sharp increase in the Fe local magnetic moment with Mn substitution. The importance of the FeAs layer thickness in describing magnetic correlations in La(Fe1-xMnx)AsO is discussed.

Published
2019

132. Study of the magnetocaloric effect in intermetallics RTX (R = Nd, Gd; T = Sc, Ti; X = Si, Ge)

Author

Alessia Provino, Pietro Manfrinetti, A. Herrero, Alberto Oleaga, and Agustín Salazar

Subjects
Magnetorefrigerant materials, Materials science, Magnetocaloric effect, Intermetallic, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Rare-earth scandium silicides, 0103 physical sciences, Magnetic properties, Materials Chemistry, Magnetic refrigeration, Scaling, 010302 applied physics, Condensed matter physics, Mechanical Engineering, Demagnetizing field, Metals and Alloys, Rare-earth scandium germanides, General Chemistry, Renormalization group, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Mean field theory, Ferromagnetism, Mechanics of Materials, Curie temperature, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

A detailed study of the magnetocaloric properties of six compounds of the intermetallic family RTX (R = Nd, Gd; T = Sc, Ti; X = Si, Ge) has been undertaken: NdScSi, NdScGe, GdScSi, GdScGe, GdSc(Si0.5Ge0.5) and Gd(Sc0.5Ti0.5)Ge. The magnetic entropy changes at the Curie temperature TC and the refrigerant capacities signal that they are competitive magnetocaloric materials, showing that an improvement can be obtained by tuning the composition, as Gd(Sc0.5Ti0.5)Ge presents the best properties. These magnetocaloric variables fulfill the scaling equations with the critical parameters corresponding to the universality classes to which the ferromagnetic transitions belong (3D-XY, 3D-Heisenberg, Mean field). For each compound, a universal curve has been found for the rescaled magnetic entropy changes obtained at different applied fields, whose behavior at temperatures below TC indicate the relevance of taking into account the demagnetization field. Finally, it has been demonstrated that the rescaled magnetic entropy changes for the compounds which share the same universality class collapse onto a single universal curve.

Published
2019

133. Formation, stability and magnetism of new Gd3TAl3Ge2 quaternary compouds (T = Mn, Cu)

Author

Kashyap, M. K., Hackett, T. A., Provino, A., Pathak, A. K., Pecharsky, V. K., and Manfrinetti, P.

Subjects
Gd3TAl3Ge2, Rare Earth Intermetallics, Crystal Structure, DFT, Formation Energy, Gd3TAl3Ge2, Magnetism, Quaternary Compounds, Rare Earth Intermetallics, Quaternary Compounds, Crystal Structure, Magnetism, Formation Energy, DFT
Published
2019

135. The huge effect of Mn substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of LaFeAsO: the La(Fe,Mn)AsO system

Author

Pietro Manfrinetti, Alberto Martinelli, Carlo Ferdeghini, Alessia Provino, and Clemens Ritter

Subjects
Lanthanide, Materials science, Neutron diffraction, Substituent, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Structural transformation, Ion, Crystallography, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Lattice (order), 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Volume concentration, Phase diagram
Abstract

The substitution of Mn for Fe on the sub-lattice in LaFeAsO has a remarkable impact on both structural and magnetic properties; for example, the structural and magnetic transition temperatures decrease of ~20 K in samples with a Mn-content as low as x = 0.01. Such a dramatic effect results from the high stability of the substituting Mn2+ ion (3d 5) in its high-spin state, which opposes any variation to its electronic state (configuration), perturbing thereby interactions within the Fe sub-lattice between the Fe ions surrounding the substituent. Several investigations ascertained that the structural transformation in LnFeAsO compounds (Ln: lanthanide) cannot be ascribed to lattice degrees of freedom, but rather to electronic or spin ones. In this context, even an extremely low concentration of Mn2+ ions diluted in the Fe sub-lattice produces a reduction of the electronic degree of freedom of the system, thus hindering the structural transformation and the magnetic transition.

Published
2018

136. Stability, Crystal Chemistry, and Magnetism of U2+xN21-xB6 and Nb3-yNi20+yB6 and the Role of Uranium in the Formation of the Quaternary U2-zNbzNi21B6 and U delta Nb3-delta Ni20B6 Systems

Author

Provino, Alessia, Smetana, Volodymyr, Hackett, Timothy A., Paudyal, Durga, Kashyap, Manish K., Bernini, Cristina, Bhattacharyya, Amitava, Dhar, Sudesh K., Pani, Marcella, Gatti, Flavio, Mudring, Anja-Verena, Manfrinetti, Pietro, Provino, Alessia, Smetana, Volodymyr, Hackett, Timothy A., Paudyal, Durga, Kashyap, Manish K., Bernini, Cristina, Bhattacharyya, Amitava, Dhar, Sudesh K., Pani, Marcella, Gatti, Flavio, Mudring, Anja-Verena, and Manfrinetti, Pietro

Abstract

We investigated the U-Ni-B and Nb-Ni-B systems to search for possible new heavy fermion compounds and superconducting materials. The formation, crystal chemistry, and physical properties of U2Ni21B6 and Nb3-yNi20+yB6 [ternary derivatives of the cubic Cr23C6-type (cF116, Fm3m)] have been studied; the formation of the hypothetical U3Ni20B6 and Nb2Ni21B6 has been disproved. U2Ni21B6 [a = 10.6701(2) angstrom] crystallizes in the ordered W2Cr21C6-type, whereas Nb3-yNi20+yB6 [a = 10.5842(1) angstrom] adopts the Mg3Ni20B6-type. Ni in U2Ni21B6 can be substituted by U, leading to the solid solution U2-xNi21+yB6 (0 <= x <= 0.3); oppositely, Nb in Nb3Ni20B6 is partially replaced by Ni, forming the solution Nb3-yNi20+yB6 (0 <= y <= 0.5), none of them reaching the limit corresponding to the hypothetically ordered U3Ni20B6 and Nb2Ni21B6. These results prompted us to investigate quaternary compounds U2-zNbzNi21B6 and U6Nb3-delta Ni20B6: strong competition in the occupancy of the 4a and 8c sites by U, Nb, and Ni atoms has been observed, with the 4a site occupied by U/Ni atoms only and the 8c site filled by U/Nb atoms only. U2Ni21B6, U2.3Ni20.7B6, and Nb3Ni20B6 are Pauli paramagnets. Interestingly, Nb2.5Ni20.5B6 shows ferromagnetism with T-c approximate to 11 K; the Curie-Weiss fit gives an effective magnetic moment of 2.78 mu(B)/Ni, suggesting that all Ni atoms in the formula unit contribute to the total magnetic moment. The M(H) data at 2 K further corroborate the ferromagnetic behavior with a saturation moment of 10 mu(B)/fu (approximate to 0.49 mu(B)/Ni). The magnetic moment of Ni at the 4a site induces a moment in all of the Ni atoms of the whole unit cell (32f and 48h sites), with all atoms ordering ferromagnetically at 11 K. Density functional theory (DFT) shows that the formation of U2Ni21B6 and Nb3Ni20B6 is energetically preferred. The various electronic states generating ferromagnetism on Nb2.5Ni20.5B6 and Pauli paramagnetism on U2Ni21B6 and Nb3Ni20B6 have been

Published
2019
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137. FCC Physics Opportunities: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 1

Author

Abada, A, Abbrescia, M, Abdussalam, S, Abdyukhanov, I, Fernandez, J, Abramov, A, Aburaia, M, Acar, A, Adzic, P, Agrawal, P, Aguilar-Saavedra, J, Aguilera-Verdugo, J, Aiba, M, Aichinger, I, Aielli, G, Akay, A, Akhundov, A, Aksakal, H, Albacete, J, Albergo, S, Alekou, A, Aleksa, M, Aleksan, R, Fernandez, R, Alexahin, Y, Alía, R, Alioli, S, Tehrani, N, Allanach, B, Allport, P, Altınlı, M, Altmannshofer, W, Ambrosio, G, Amorim, D, Amstutz, O, Anderlini, L, Andreazza, A, Andreini, M, Andriatis, A, Andris, C, Andronic, A, Angelucci, M, Antinori, F, Antipov, S, Antonelli, M, Antonello, M, Antonioli, P, Antusch, S, Anulli, F, Apolinário, L, Apollinari, G, Apollonio, A, Appelö, D, Appleby, R, Apyan, A, Arbey, A, Arbuzov, A, Arduini, G, Arı, V, Arias, S, Armesto, N, Arnaldi, R, Arsenyev, S, Arzeo, M, Asai, S, Aslanides, E, Aßmann, R, Astapovych, D, Atanasov, M, Atieh, S, Attié, D, Auchmann, B, Audurier, A, Aull, S, Aumon, S, Aune, S, Avino, F, Avrillaud, G, Aydın, G, Azatov, A, Azuelos, G, Azzi, P, Azzolini, O, Azzurri, P, Bacchetta, N, Bacchiocchi, E, Bachacou, H, Baek, Y, Baglin, V, Bai, Y, Baird, S, Baker, M, Baldwin, M, Ball, A, Ballarino, A, Banerjee, S, Barber, D, Barducci, D, Barjhoux, P, Barna, D, Barnaföldi, G, Barnes, M, Barr, A, García, J, da Costa, J, Bartmann, W, Baryshevsky, V, Barzi, E, Bass, S, Bastianin, A, Baudouy, B, Bauer, F, Bauer, M, Baumgartner, T, Bautista-Guzmán, I, Bayındır, C, Beaudette, F, Bedeschi, F, Béguin, M, Bellafont, I, Bellagamba, L, Bellegarde, N, Belli, E, Bellingeri, E, Bellini, F, Bellomo, G, Belomestnykh, S, Bencivenni, G, Benedikt, M, Bernardi, G, Bernardi, J, Bernet, C, Bernhardt, J, Bernini, C, Berriaud, C, Bertarelli, A, Bertolucci, S, Besana, M, Besançon, M, Beznosov, O, Bhat, P, Bhat, C, Biagini, M, Biarrotte, J, Chevalier, A, Bielert, E, Biglietti, M, Bilei, G, Bilki, B, Biscari, C, Bishara, F, Blanco-García, O, Blánquez, F, Blekman, F, Blondel, A, Blümlein, J, Boccali, T, Boels, R, Bogacz, S, Bogomyagkov, A, Boine-Frankenheim, O, Boland, M, Bologna, S, Bolukbasi, O, Bomben, M, Bondarenko, S, Bonvini, M, Boos, E, Bordini, B, Bordry, F, Borghello, G, Borgonovi, L, Borowka, S, Bortoletto, D, Boscherini, D, Boscolo, M, Boselli, S, Bosley, R, Bossu, F, Botta, C, Bottura, L, Boughezal, R, Boutin, D, Bovone, G, Jelisavc̆ić, I, Bozbey, A, Bozzi, C, Bozzini, D, Braccini, V, Braibant-Giacomelli, S, Bramante, J, Braun-Munzinger, P, Briffa, J, Britzger, D, Brodsky, S, Brooke, J, Bruce, R, De Renstrom, P, Bruna, E, Brüning, O, Brunner, O, Brunner, K, Bruzzone, P, Buffat, X, Bulyak, E, Burkart, F, Burkhardt, H, Burnet, J, Butin, F, Buttazzo, D, Butterworth, A, Caccia, M, Cai, Y, Caiffi, B, Cairo, V, Cakir, O, Calaga, R, Calatroni, S, Calderini, G, Calderola, G, Caliskan, A, Calvet, D, Calviani, M, Camalich, J, Camarri, P, Campanelli, M, Camporesi, T, Canbay, A, Canepa, A, Cantergiani, E, Cantore-Cavalli, D, Capeans, M, Cardarelli, R, Cardella, U, Cardini, A, Calame, C, Carra, F, Carra, S, Carvalho, A, Casalbuoni, S, Casas, J, Cascella, M, Castelnovo, P, Castorina, G, Catalano, G, Cavasinni, V, Cazzato, E, Cennini, E, Cerri, A, Cerutti, F, Cervantes, J, Chaikovska, I, Chakrabortty, J, Chala, M, Chamizo-Llatas, M, Chanal, H, Chanal, D, Chance, S, Chancé, A, Charitos, P, Charles, J, Charles, T, Chattopadhyay, S, Chehab, R, Chekanov, S, Chen, N, Chernoded, A, Chetvertkova, V, Chevalier, L, Chiarelli, G, Chiarello, G, Chiesa, M, Chiggiato, P, Childers, J, Chmielińska, A, Cholakian, A, Chomaz, P, Chorowski, M, Chou, W, Chrzaszcz, M, Chyhyrynets, E, Cibinetto, G, Ciftci, A, Ciftci, R, Cimino, R, Ciuchini, M, Clark, P, Coadou, Y, Cobal, M, Coccaro, A, Cogan, J, Cogneras, E, Collamati, F, Colldelram, C, Collier, P, Collot, J, Contino, R, Conventi, F, Cook, C, Cooley, L, Corcella, G, Cornell, A, Corral, G, Correia-Rodrigues, H, Costanza, F, Pinto, P, Couderc, F, Coupard, J, Craig, N, Garrido, I, Crivellin, A, Croteau, J, Crouch, M, Alaniz, E, Curé, B, Curti, J, Curtin, D, Czech, M, Dachauer, C, D’Agnolo, R, Daibo, M, Dainese, A, Dalena, B, Daljevec, A, Dallapiazza, W, Schwartzentruber, L, Dam, M, D’Ambrosio, G, Das, S, Dasbakshi, S, da Silva, W, da Silveira, G, D’Auria, V, D’Auria, S, David, A, Davidek, T, Deandrea, A, de Blas, J, Debono, C, De Curtis, S, De Filippis, N, de Florian, D, Deghaye, S, de Jong, S, Bo, C, Duca, V, Delikaris, D, Deliot, F, Dell’Acqua, A, Rose, L, Delmastro, M, De Lucia, E, Demarteau, M, Denegri, D, Deniau, L, Denisov, D, Denizli, H, Denner, A, D’Enterria, D, de Rijk, G, De Roeck, A, Derue, F, Deschamps, O, Descotes-Genon, S, Dev, P, de Vivie de Régie, J, Dewanjee, R, Ciaccio, A, Cicco, A, Dillon, B, Micco, B, Nezza, P, Vita, S, Doblhammer, A, Dominjon, A, D’Onofrio, M, Dordei, F, Drago, A, Draper, P, Drasal, Z, Drewes, M, Duarte, L, Dubovyk, I, Duda, P, Dudarev, A, Dudko, L, Duellmann, D, Dünser, M, Pree, T, Durante, M, Yildiz, H, Dutta, S, Duval, F, Duval, J, Dydyshka, Y, Dziewit, B, Eisenhardt, S, Eisterer, M, Ekelof, T, Khechen, D, Ellis, S, Ellis, J, Ellison, J, Elsener, K, Elsing, M, Enari, Y, Englert, C, Eriksson, H, Eskola, K, Esposito, L, Etisken, O, Etzion, E, Fabbricatore, P, Falkowski, A, Falou, A, Faltova, J, Fan, J, Fanò, L, Farilla, A, Farinelli, R, Farinon, S, Faroughy, D, Fartoukh, S, Faus-Golfe, A, Fawcett, W, Felici, G, Felsberger, L, Ferdeghini, C, Navarro, A, Fernández-Téllez, A, Troitino, J, Ferrara, G, Ferrari, R, Ferreira, L, da Silva, P, Ferrera, G, Ferro, F, Fiascaris, M, Fiorendi, S, Fiorio, C, Fischer, O, Fischer, E, Flieger, W, Florio, M, Fonnesu, D, Fontanesi, E, Foppiani, N, Foraz, K, Forkel-Wirth, D, Forte, S, Fouaidy, M, Fournier, D, Fowler, T, Fox, J, Francavilla, P, Franceschini, R, Franchino, S, Franco, E, Freitas, A, Fuks, B, Furukawa, K, Furuseth, S, Gabrielli, E, Gaddi, A, Galanti, M, Gallo, E, Ganjour, S, Gao, J, Diaz, V, Pérez, M, Tabarés, L, Garion, C, Garzelli, M, Garzia, I, Gascon-Shotkin, S, Gaudio, G, Gay, P, Ge, S, Gehrmann, T, Genest, M, Gerard, R, Gerigk, F, Gerwig, H, Giacomelli, P, Giagu, S, Gianfelice-Wendt, E, Gianotti, F, Giffoni, F, Gilardoni, S, Costa, M, Giovannetti, M, Giovannozzi, M, Giubellino, P, Giudice, G, Giunta, A, Gladilin, L, Glukhov, S, Gluza, J, Gobbi, G, Goddard, B, Goertz, F, Golling, T, Gonçalves, D, Goncalves, V, Gonçalo, R, Gomez, L, Zadeh, S, Gorine, G, Gorini, E, Gourlay, S, Gouskos, L, Grancagnolo, F, Grassellino, A, Grau, A, Graverini, E, Gray, H, Greco, M, Grenard, J, Grimm, O, Grojean, C, Gromov, V, Grosse-Oetringhaus, J, Grudiev, A, Grzanka, K, Gu, J, Guadagnoli, D, Guidi, V, Guiducci, S, Canton, G, Günaydin, Y, Gupta, R, Gutierrez, J, Gutleber, J, Guyot, C, Guzey, V, Gwenlan, C, Haberstroh, C, Hacışahinoğlu, B, Haerer, B, Hahn, K, Hahn, T, Hammad, A, Han, C, Hance, M, Hannah, A, Harris, P, Hati, C, Haug, S, Hauptman, J, Haurylavets, V, He, H, Hegglin, A, Hegner, B, Heinemann, K, Heinemeyer, S, Helsens, C, Henriques, A, Hernandez, P, Hernández-Pinto, R, Hernandez-Sanchez, J, Herzig, T, Hiekkanen, I, Hillert, W, Hoehn, T, Hofer, M, Höfle, W, Holdener, F, Holleis, S, Holzer, B, Hong, D, Honorato, C, Hopkins, S, Hrdinka, J, Hug, F, Humann, B, Humer, H, Hurth, T, Hutton, A, Iacobucci, G, Ibarrola, N, Iconomidou-Fayard, L, Ilyina-Brunner, K, Incandela, J, Infantino, A, Ippolito, V, Ishino, M, Islam, R, Ita, H, Ivanovs, A, Iwamoto, S, Iyer, A, Bermudez, S, Jadach, S, Jamin, D, Janot, P, Jarry, P, Jeff, A, Jenny, P, Jensen, E, Jensen, M, Jiang, X, Jiménez, J, Jones, M, Jones, O, Jowett, J, Jung, S, Kaabi, W, Kado, M, Kahle, K, Kalinovskaya, L, Kalinowski, J, Kamenik, J, Kannike, K, Kara, S, Karadeniz, H, Karaventzas, V, Karpov, I, Kartal, S, Karyukhin, A, Kashikhin, V, Behr, J, Kaya, U, Keintzel, J, Keinz, P, Keppel, K, Kersevan, R, Kershaw, K, Khanpour, H, Khatibi, S, Yanehsari, M, Khoze, V, Kieseler, J, Kilic, A, Kilpinen, A, Kim, Y, Kim, D, Klein, U, Klein, M, Kling, F, Klinkenberg, N, Klöppel, S, Klute, M, Klyukhin, V, Knecht, M, Kniehl, B, Kocak, F, Koeberl, C, Kolano, A, Kollegger, A, Kołodziej, K, Kolomiets, A, Komppula, J, Koop, I, Koppenburg, P, Koratzinos, M, Kordiaczyńska, M, Korjik, M, Kortner, O, Kostka, P, Kotlarski, W, Kotnig, C, Köttig, T, Kotwal, A, Kovalenko, A, Kowalski, S, Kozaczuk, J, Kozlov, G, Kozub, S, Krainer, A, Kramer, T, Krämer, M, Krammer, M, Krasnov, A, Krauss, F, Kravalis, K, Kretzschmar, L, Kriske, R, Kritscher, H, Krkotic, P, Kroha, H, Kucharczyk, M, Kuday, S, Kuendig, A, Kuhlmann, G, Kulesza, A, Kumar, M, Kusina, A, Kuttimalai, S, Kuze, M, Kwon, T, Lackner, F, Lackner, M, La Francesca, E, Laine, M, Lamanna, G, La Mendola, S, Lançon, E, Landsberg, G, Langacker, P, Lange, C, Langner, A, Lankford, A, Lansberg, J, Lari, T, Laycock, P, Lebrun, P, Lechner, A, Lee, K, Lee, S, Lee, R, Lefevre, T, Guen, P, Lehtinen, T, Leith, S, Lenzi, P, Leogrande, E, Leonidopoulos, C, Leon-Monzon, I, Lerner, G, Leroy, O, Lesiak, T, Lévai, P, Leveratto, A, Levichev, E, Li, G, Li, S, Li, R, Liberati, D, Liepe, M, Lissauer, D, Liu, Z, Lobko, A, Locci, E, Agaliotis, E, Lombardo, M, Long, A, Lorin, C, Losito, R, Louzguiti, A, Low, I, Lucchesi, D, Lucchini, M, Luciani, A, Lueckhof, M, Lunt, A, Luzum, M, Lyubimtsev, D, Maggiora, M, Magnin, N, Mahmoud, M, Mahmoudi, F, Maitre, J, Makarenko, V, Malagoli, A, Malclés, J, Malgeri, L, Mallon, P, Maltoni, F, Malvezzi, S, Malyshev, O, Mancinelli, G, Mandrik, P, Manfrinetti, P, Mangano, M, Manil, P, Mannelli, M, Marchiori, G, Marhauser, F, Mariani, V, Marinozzi, V, Mariotto, S, Marquard, P, Marquet, C, Marriott-Dodington, T, Martin, R, Martin, O, Martinez, T, Bruzual, H, Martínez-Hernández, M, Martins, D, Marzani, S, Marzocca, D, Marzola, L, Masciocchi, S, Masina, I, Massimiliano, A, Massironi, A, Masubuchi, T, Matveev, V, Mazzoni, M, Mccullough, M, Mcintosh, P, Meade, P, Medina, L, Meier, A, Meignan, J, Mele, B, Saraiva, J, Menez, F, Mentink, M, Meoni, E, Meridiani, P, Merk, M, Mermod, P, Mertens, V, Mether, L, Métral, E, Migliorati, M, Milanese, A, Milardi, C, Milhano, G, Militsyn, B, Millet, F, Minashvili, I, Minervini, J, 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Abstract

We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders, which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of precision and sensitivity to new physics.

Published
2019

138. Study of the magnetocaloric effect in intermetallics RTX (R = Nd, Gd; T = Sc, Ti ; X = Si, Ge)

Author

Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Herrero Hernández, Aritz, Oleaga Páramo, Alberto, Manfrinetti, P., Provino, A., Salazar Hernández, Agustín, Física aplicada I, Fisika aplikatua I, Herrero Hernández, Aritz, Oleaga Páramo, Alberto, Manfrinetti, P., Provino, A., and Salazar Hernández, Agustín

Abstract

A detailed study of the magnetocaloric properties of six compounds of the intermetallic family RTX (R = Nd, Gd; T = Sc, Ti ; X = Si, Ge) has been undertaken: NdScSi, NdScGe, GdScSi, GdScGe, GdSc(Si0.5Ge0.5) and Gd(Sc0.5Ti0.5)Ge. The magnetic entropy changes at the Curie temperature TC and the refrigerant capacities signal that they are competitive magnetocaloric materials, showing that an improvement can be obtained by tuning the composition, as Gd(Sc0.5Ti0.5)Ge presents the best properties. These magnetocaloric variables fulfill the scaling equations with the critical parameters corresponding to the universality classes to which the ferromagnetic transitions belong (3D-XY, 3D-Heisenberg, Mean field). For each compound, a universal curve has been found for the rescaled magnetic entropy changes obtained at different applied fields, whose behavior at temperatures below TC indicate the relevance of taking into account the demagnetization field. Finally, it has been demonstrated that the rescaled magnetic entropy changes for the compounds which share the same universality class collapse onto a single universal curve.

Published
2019

139. FCC-hh: The Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 3

Author

Abada, A, Abbrescia, M, Abdussalam, S, Abdyukhanov, I, Abelleira Fernandez, J, Abramov, A, Aburaia, M, Acar, A, Adzic, P, Agrawal, P, Aguilar-Saavedra, J, Aguilera-Verdugo, J, Aiba, M, Aichinger, I, Aielli, G, Akay, A, Akhundov, A, Aksakal, H, Albacete, J, Albergo, S, Alekou, A, Aleksa, M, Aleksan, R, Alemany Fernandez, R, Alexahin, Y, Alía, R, Alioli, S, Alipour Tehrani, N, Allanach, B, Allport, P, Altınlı, M, Altmannshofer, W, Ambrosio, G, Amorim, D, Amstutz, O, Anderlini, L, Andreazza, A, Andreini, M, Andriatis, A, Andris, C, Andronic, A, Angelucci, M, Antinori, F, Antipov, S, Antonelli, M, Antonello, M, Antonioli, P, Antusch, S, Anulli, F, Apolinário, L, Apollinari, G, Apollonio, A, Appelö, D, Appleby, R, Apyan, A, Arbey, A, Arbuzov, A, Arduini, G, Arı, V, Arias, S, Armesto, N, Arnaldi, R, Arsenyev, S, Arzeo, M, Asai, S, Aslanides, E, Aßmann, R, Astapovych, D, Atanasov, M, Atieh, S, Attié, D, Auchmann, B, Audurier, A, Aull, S, Aumon, S, Aune, S, Avino, F, Avrillaud, G, Aydın, G, Azatov, A, Azuelos, G, Azzi, P, Azzolini, O, Azzurri, P, Bacchetta, N, Bacchiocchi, E, Bachacou, H, Baek, Y, Baglin, V, Bai, Y, Baird, S, Baker, M, Baldwin, M, Ball, A, Ballarino, A, Banerjee, S, Barber, D, Barducci, D, Barjhoux, P, Barna, D, Barnaföldi, G, Barnes, M, Barr, A, Barranco García, J, Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J, Bartmann, W, Baryshevsky, V, Barzi, E, Bass, S, Bastianin, A, Baudouy, B, Bauer, F, Bauer, M, Baumgartner, T, Bautista-Guzmán, I, Bayındır, C, Beaudette, F, Bedeschi, F, Béguin, M, Bellafont, I, Bellagamba, L, Bellegarde, N, Belli, E, Bellingeri, E, Bellini, F, Bellomo, G, Belomestnykh, S, Bencivenni, G, Benedikt, M, Bernardi, G, Bernardi, J, Bernet, C, Bernhardt, J, Bernini, C, Berriaud, C, Bertarelli, A, Bertolucci, S, Besana, M, Besançon, M, Beznosov, O, Bhat, P, Bhat, C, Biagini, M, Biarrotte, J, Bibet Chevalier, A, Bielert, E, Biglietti, M, Bilei, G, Bilki, B, Biscari, C, Bishara, F, Blanco-García, O, Blánquez, F, Blekman, F, Blondel, A, Blümlein, J, 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Mulders, M, Müller, B, Müller, F, Müller, A, Munilla, J, Murray, M, Muttoni, Y, Myers, S, Mylona, M, Nachtman, J, Nakamoto, T, Nardecchia, M, Nardini, G, Nason, P, Nergiz, Z, Nesterenko, A, Netto, J, Nettsträter, A, Neubüser, C, Neundorf, J, Niccoli, F, Nicrosini, O, Nie, Y, Niedermayer, U, Niedziela, J, Niemi, A, Nikitin, S, Nisati, A, No, J, Nonis, M, Nosochkov, Y, Novák, M, Novokhatski, A, O’Callaghan, J, Ochando, C, Ogur, S, Ohmi, K, Oide, K, Okorokov, V, Okumura, Y, Oleari, C, Olness, F, Onel, Y, Ortino, M, Osborne, J, Osland, P, Otto, T, Oyulmaz, K, Ozansoy, A, Özcan, V, Özdemir, K, Pagliarone, C, Pais da Silva, H, Palmieri, E, Palumbo, L, Pampaloni, A, Pan, R, Panareo, M, Panella, O, Panico, G, Panizzo, G, Pankov, A, Pantsyrny, V, Papadopoulos, C, Papaefstathiou, A, Papaphilippou, Y, Parker, M, Parma, V, Pasquali, M, Patra, S, Patterson, R, Paukkunen, H, Pauss, F, Peggs, S, Penttinen, J, Peón, G, Perepelkin, E, Perez, E, Perez, J, Perez, G, Pérez, F, Perez Codina, E, Perez 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Stoel, L, Stöger-Pollach, M, Strauss, B, Stuart, M, Stupakov, G, Su, S, Sublet, A, Sugita, K, Sulak, L, Sullivan, M, Sultansoy, S, Sumida, T, Suzuki, K, Sylva, G, Syphers, M, Sznajder, A, Taborelli, M, Tahir, N, Takeuchi, M, Tal Hod, E, Tambasco, C, Tanaka, J, Tang, K, Tapan, I, Taroni, S, Tartarelli, G, Tassielli, G, Tavian, L, Taylor, T, Taylor, G, Teixeira, A, Tejeda-Muñoz, G, Telnov, V, Tenchini, R, ten Kate, H, Terashi, K, Tesi, A, Testa, M, Tetrel, C, Teytelman, D, Thaler, J, Thamm, A, Thomas, S, Tiirakari, M, Tikhomirov, V, Tikhonov, D, Timko, H, Tisserand, V, Tkachenko, L, Tkaczuk, J, Tock, J, Todd, B, Todesco, E, Tomás Garcia, R, Tommasini, D, Tonelli, G, Toral, F, Torims, T, Torre, R, Townsend, Z, Trant, R, Treille, D, Trentadue, L, Tricoli, A, Tricomi, A, Trischuk, W, Tropin, I, Tuchming, B, Tudora, A, Turbiarz, B, Turk Cakir, I, Turri, M, Tydecks, T, Usovitsch, J, Uythoven, J, Vaglio, R, Valassi, A, Valchkova, F, Valdivia Garcia, M, Valente, P, Valente, R, Valente-Feliciano, A, Valentino, G, Vale Silva, L, Valet, J, Valizadeh, R, Valle, J, Vallecorsa, S, Vallone, G, van Leeuwen, M, van Rienen, U, van Riesen-Haupt, L, Varasteh, M, Vecchi, L, Vedrine, P, Velev, G, Veness, R, Ventura, A, Venturini Delsolaro, W, Verducci, M, Verhaaren, C, Vernieri, C, Verweij, A, Verwilligen, O, Viazlo, O, Vicini, A, Viehhauser, G, Vignaroli, N, Vignolo, M, Vitrano, A, Vivarelli, I, Vlachos, S, Vogel, M, Vogt, D, Völkl, V, Volkov, P, Volpini, G, von Ahnen, J, Vorotnikov, G, Voutsinas, G, Vysotsky, V, Wagner, U, Wallny, R, Wang, L, Wang, R, Wang, K, Ward, B, Watson, T, Watson, N, Ws, Z, Weiland, C, Weinzierl, S, Welsch, C, Wenninger, J, Widorski, M, Wiedemann, U, Wienands, H, Wilkinson, G, Williams, P, Winter, A, Wohlfahrt, A, Wojtoń, T, Wollmann, D, Womersley, J, Woog, D, Wu, X, Wulzer, A, Yanehsari, M, Yang, G, Yang, H, Yao, W, Yazgan, E, Yermolchik, V, Yilmaz, A, Yoo, H, Yost, S, You, T, Young, C, Yu, T, Yu, F, Zaborowska, A, Zadeh, S, Zahnd, M, Zanetti, M, Zanotto, L, Zawiejski, L, Zeiler, P, Zerlauth, M, Zernov, S, Zevi Dell Porta, G, Zhang, Z, Zhang, Y, Zhang, C, Zhang, H, Zhao, Z, Zhong, Y, Zhou, J, Zhou, D, Zhuang, P, Zick, G, Zimmermann, F, Zinn-Justin, J, Zivkovic, L, Zlobin, A, Zobov, M, Zupan, J, Zurita, J, AbdusSalam, S S, Acar, A O, Adzic, P R, Aguilar-Saavedra, J A, Aguilera-Verdugo, J J, Albacete, J L, Alemany Fernandez, R M, Alía, R G, Allanach, B C, Allport, P P, Antipov, S A, Appleby, R B, Arsenyev, S A, Aßmann, R W, Baek, Y W, Baker, M J, Baldwin, M J, Ball, A H, Barber, D P, Barnaföldi, G G, Barnes, M J, Bass, S A, Bernhardt, J M, Besana, M I, Biagini, M E, Biarrotte, J -L, Bielert, E R, Bilei, G M, Blanco-García, O R, Blánquez, F R, Bogacz, S A, Boland, M J, Bosley, R R, Briffa, J A, Brodsky, S J, Brooke, J J, De Renstrom, P Brückman, Burnet, J -P, Camalich, J M, Canbay, A C, Carloni Calame, C M, Charles, T K, Chekanov, S V, Childers, J T, Ciftci, A K, Clark, P J, Cook, C T A, Cornell, A S, Corral, G H, Croteau, J F, 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Lissauer, D A, Lombardo, M P, Long, A J, Lucchini, M T, Lunt, A J G, Lyubimtsev, D A, Mahmoud, M A, Mallon, P J, Malyshev, O B, Martínez-Hernández, M I, Martins, D E, Matveev, V A, Mazzoni, M A, McCullough, M, McIntosh, P A, Mendes Saraiva, J G, Militsyn, B L, Minervini, J V, Miralles, L S, Missiaen, D P, Mohapatra, R N, Molson, J G, Morley, A K, Müller, A -S, Murray, M J, Nesterenko, A V, Netto, J A, Nikitin, S A, No, J M, O’Callaghan, J M, Okorokov, V A, Olness, F I, Oyulmaz, K Y, Pagliarone, C E, Pais da Silva, H F, Pan, R -Q, Pankov, A A, Papadopoulos, C G, Parker, M A, Patra, S K, Penttinen, J -P, Perepelkin, E E, Perez, J C, Pleier, M -A, Polozov, S M, Ramírez-Uribe, N S, Ramsey-Musolf, M J, Rentería-Olivo, A E, Ricci, A M, Rifflet, J M, Rimmer, R A, Robson, A J, Ryazanov, A I, Salam, G P, Salgado, C A, Sallese, J M, Sampayo, O A, Sarpün, I H, Sborlini, G F R, Sharkov, B Y, Shipsey, I P, Shirkov, G D, Singh, B K, Soltveit, H K, Stanyard, J L, Starikov, A Y, Staśto, A M, Stoel, L S, Sullivan, M K, Syphers, M J, Tahir, N A, Tartarelli, G F, Taylor, T M, Taylor, G N, Teixeira, A M, Telnov, V I, ten Kate, H H J, Tiirakari, M T, Tkachenko, L M, Tock, J P, Tropin, I S, Tudora, A A, Valdivia Garcia, M A, Valente, R U, Valente-Feliciano, A -M, Valet, J M, Valle, J W F, van Rienen, U H, Verhaaren, C B, Verweij, A P, Vogt, D M, Voutsinas, G G, Wang, L -T, Ward, B F L, Watson, T P, Watson, N K, Welsch, C P, Wiedemann, U A, Wienands, H -U, Williams, P H, Yanehsari, M K, Yang, H J, Yao, W -M, Yoo, H -D, Yost, S A, Yu, T -T, Zadeh, S G, Zernov, S M, Zhong, Y -M, and Zlobin, A V

Abstract

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre of-mass collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries.

Published
2019

141. Mn substitution effect on the local structure of La(Fe1−x Mn x )AsO studied by temperature dependent x-ray absorption measurements

Author

Pietro Manfrinetti, Naurang L. Saini, Alessia Provino, Laura Simonelli, M. Y. Hacisalihoglu, Marina Putti, Carlo Marini, and Alberto Martinelli

Subjects
Superconductivity, Materials science, Valence (chemistry), Extended X-ray absorption fine structure, Magnetic moment, superconductivity, X-ray, Mn substitution effect, 02 engineering and technology, Electronic structure, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, iron pnictides, local structure, Thermal expansion, Crystallography, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Substitution effect, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The local structure of La(Fe1−x Mn x )AsO has been investigated using temperature dependent Fe K-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements. The EXAFS data reveal distinct behavior of Fe–As and Fe–Fe atomic displacements with a clear boundary between x ⩽ 0.02 and x > 0.02. The Fe–As bondlength shows a gradual thermal expansion while the Fe–Fe bond manifests a temperature dependent anomaly at ∼180 K for x > 0.02. It is interesting to find characteristically different nature of Fe–As and Fe–Fe bondlengths shown by the temperature dependent mean square relative displacements. Indeed, the Fe–As bond, stiffer than that of the Fe–Fe, gets softer for x ⩽ 0.02 and hardly shows any change for x > 0.02. On the other hand, Fe–Fe bond tends to be stiffer for x ⩽ 0.02 followed by a substantial softening for x > 0.02. Such a distinction has been seen also in the As K-edge x-ray absorption near edge structure, probing local geometry around As atom together with the valence electronic structure. The results suggest that local atomic displacements by Mn substitution inducing increased iron local magnetic moment that should be the main reason for its dramatic effect in iron-based superconductors.

Published
2020

142. Magnetic properties of the orthorhombic NdPd

Author

A. Provino and Vijay Dhar

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Coercivity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Heat capacity, Paramagnetism, Magnetization, Ferromagnetism, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Orthorhombic crystal system, 0210 nano-technology, Saturation (magnetic)
Abstract

The equiatomic NdPd compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic CrB structure type ( oS 8, Cmcm , No. 63). The NdPd phase melts congruently at 1240 °C, as observed by differential thermal analysis; one further sharp thermal effect detected at 1040 °C is very likely due to a structural transition. We confirm the CrB prototype for the low-temperature form of NdPd. The lattice parameters of this compound are a =3.842(2) A, b =10.776(7) A, c =4.605(2) A, as obtained from Guinier powder pattern; those for the corresponding iso-structural LaPd compound, prepared as non-magnetic reference, are a =3.947(2) A, b =11.036(3) A, c =4.663(2) A. Despite the fact that NdPd has been known since long, its physical properties have not been investigated till date. Here we report the results of magnetization, heat capacity and electrical resistivity measurements performed on this compound. NdPd undergoes a single ferromagnetic transition close to 15 K, inferred from a sharp upturn in the magnetization at lower temperatures and from Arrott plots measured at selected temperatures between 1.9 and 18 K. The coercive field and remnant magnetization at 1.9 K are 320 Oe and 0.24 μ B /f.u., which become negligible at 15 K. A sharp peak in the heat capacity at ≈15 K confirms the bulk magnetic transition. Isothermal magnetization at 2 K shows a tendency to saturation, reaching a value of 1.9 μ B /f.u. at the maximum applied field of 70 kOe. The zero field resistivity shows an anomaly near 15 K, in correspondence with the magnetic and heat capacity data. A negative magnetoresistivity, typical of a ferromagnet, is observed in the magnetically ordered state in an applied magnetic field of 50 kOe. LaPd is a typical Pauli paramagnet with a Sommerfeld coefficient γ =3.9 mJ/mol K 2 .

Published
2016

143. Gd3Ni2 and Gd3CoxNi2−x: magnetism and unexpected Co/Ni crystallographic ordering

Author

Vitalij K. Pecharsky, Marina Putti, Pietro Manfrinetti, Volodymyr Smetana, Durga Paudyal, Anja-Verena Mudring, Karl A. Gschneidner, and Alessia Provino

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Fermi level, Intermetallic, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Crystal structure, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Crystallography, symbols.namesake, Ferromagnetism, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, symbols, Curie temperature, 0210 nano-technology, Single crystal, Solid solution, Monoclinic crystal system
Abstract

The crystal structure, composition and physical properties of Gd3Ni2, which was earlier reported to exist in the Gd–Ni system without any details of its structure and properties, have been determined. This rare earth binary compound is a high-temperature phase: it forms via a peritectic reaction at 988 K (715 °C) and decomposes below ≈923 K (650 °C). The compound can be retained at room temperature as a metastable phase by quenching after high temperature annealing. Gd3Ni2 crystallizes in the monoclinic Dy3Ni2 structure type [mS20, C2/m (No. 12), Z = 4; with lattice parameters a = 13.418(3) A, b = 3.720(1) A, c = 9.640(2) A, β = 106.250(3)°]. Ni can be substituted by Co up to 50% (i.e. up to and including Gd3CoNi) with no change in the structural prototype; the substitution of Co for Ni stabilizes the R3CoxNi2−x phases down to room temperature. The crystal structure, magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) have been investigated for both Gd3Ni2 and the related Gd3CoxNi2−x solid solution alloys (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). The crystal structure of the Gd3CoNi is a ternary ordered derivative of the monoclinic Dy3Ni2-type, where Co fully occupies only one of the two 4i Wyckoff sites available for the transition metal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of an intermetallic phase showing ordered site occupations by the chemically quite similar elements Co and Ni. All compounds show long range ferromagnetic ordering, with TC progressively increasing from 147 K (for Gd3Ni2) to 176 K (for Gd3CoNi) as a cubic function of the Co content. Evidence of Co contributing to the magnetic interactions in these compounds has been found. First-principles total energy calculations predicted the ordered occupation of Co and Ni at the crystallographic sites of Gd3CoNi, which was later confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The increased conduction electronic state (3d) exchange splitting at the Fermi level supports the experimentally observed enhanced Curie temperature in Gd3CoNi compared to Gd3Ni2.

Published
2016

145. Contrasting exchange interactions in the new R3Pd5 (R = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er) compounds. Multiple magnetic transitions, spin-reorientation and frustration, as revealed by temperature dependent neutron diffraction studies: A question of sublattices?

Author

Pietro Manfrinetti, Clemens Ritter, and Alessia Provino

Subjects
Magnetic transitions, media_common.quotation_subject, Neutron diffraction, Frustration, 02 engineering and technology, Crystal structure, Exchange interactions, Magnetic structures, Rare earth intermetallics, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Heat capacity, Electric field, Materials Chemistry, Antiferromagnetism, Spin (physics), media_common, Physics, Condensed matter physics, Magnetic moment, Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Mechanics of Materials, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

In a recent work we have reported the formation and the crystal structure of the new family of compounds R3Pd5 (R = Sc, Y, Gd–Lu; Pu3Pd5-type, oS32, spacegroup 63, Cmcm). DFT calculations for Gd3Pd5 and heat capacity and magnetic measurements for Tb3Pd5, Dy3Pd5, Ho3Pd5 and Er3Pd5 were able to discriminate at least two distinct antiferromagnetic transitions at low temperatures; at the same time these data suggested these separate magnetic orderings to be likely associated to the two structurally different rare earth sublattices (4c and 8e, respectively). The magnetic structures of the R3Pd5 compounds, with R = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, have been now investigated in this work. High-resolution and high-intensity neutron powder diffraction data were recorded for the four compounds of the series. The results reveal that the magnetic structures adopted are significantly diverse and their temperature dependence more complex than originally deduced from magnetic and heat capacity measurements. Tb3Pd5 is in fact the only of the four compounds where the rare earth sublattices order independently with two different magnetic propagation vectors on the two sites (k1 = [1 0 ½] for Tb2 and k2 = [kx 0 0] or k3 = [1 0 0] for Tb1). In Dy3Pd5 both sublattices follow the propagation vector k = [kx 0 0], with the second transition corresponding to a spin reorientation. In Ho3Pd5 ordering of both sublattices follow the k = [1 0 0] propagation vector; the second transition seen in the magnetic and heat capacity data corresponds to an accelerated increase in the magnetic moment of the Ho2 sublattice. The case of Er3Pd5 is special as it is the sole case where one of the rare earth sublattices does not order down to T = 1.5 K; here the second transition determined from the magnetic data corresponds to a change of the magnetic propagation vector from k1 = [kx 0 kz] to k2 = [1 0 0], both only acting on the Er2 sublattice. Irrespectively of the very similar structures not even two of the four studied R3Pd5 compounds show identical magnetic structures on either of the two sublattices. These strong variations have to be connected to changes in the RKKY interactions induced by the progressive filling of the f-orbitals of the heavy rare earth ions and the concomitant changes of the crystal electric fields.

Published
2020

146. Large-Core Hollow-Core Antiresonant Fiber with Low-Loss and Truly Single-Mode Guidance for N-IR Wavelengths

Author

Monique Thual, L. Provino, Margaux Barbier, Mélanie Havranek, Thierry F. Taunay, Adil Haboucha, Olivier Le Goffic, Achille Monteville, Thierry Chartier, David Landais, Xavier Insou, Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Souriau-Sunbank-esterline ECT, smoke, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
Hollow core, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, business.industry, Scanning electron microscope, Single-mode optical fiber, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Wavelength, Optics, Transmission (telecommunications), 0103 physical sciences, Large core, Heterodyne detection, Fiber, 0210 nano-technology, business, OCIS: 060.2280, 060.2400, 060.2430
Abstract

International audience; We report on the modeling and characterization of a truly single-mode hollow-core antiresonant fiber with a transmission band covering part of the near-infrared spectral region. Measured losses are 0.075 dB/m and 0.052 dB/m at 1.55 µm and 2.0 µm respectively.

Published
2018

147. Exploring the effect of nested capillaries on core-cladding mode resonances in hollow-core antiresonant fibers

Author

Thierry F. Taunay and Laurent Provino

Subjects
Core (optical fiber), Coupling, Optical fiber, Materials science, law, Capillary action, Cladding mode, Molecular physics, Finite element method, Leakage (electronics), Dimensionless quantity, law.invention
Abstract

Optimal suppression of higher-order modes (HOMs) in hollow-core antiresonant fibers comprising a single ring of thin-walled capillaries was previously studied, and can be achieved when the condition on the capillary-tocore diameter ratio is satisfied (d/D ≈ 0.68). Here we report on the conditions for maximizing the leakage losses of HOMs in hollow-core nested antiresonant node-less fibers, while preserving low confinement loss for the fundamental mode. Using an analytical model based on coupled capillary waveguides, as well as full-vector finite element modeling, we show that optimal d/D value leading to high leakage losses of HOMs, is strongly correlated to the size of nested capillaries. We also show that extremely high value of degree of HOM suppression (∼1200) at the resonant coupling is almost unchanged on a wide range of nested capillary diameter dN ested values. These results thus suggest the possibility of designing antiresonant fibers with nested elements, which show optimal guiding performances in terms of the HOM loss compared to that of the fundamental mode, for clearly defined paired values of the ratios dN ested/d and d/D. These can also tend towards a single-mode behavior only when the dimensionless parameter dN ested/d is less than 0.30, with identical wall thicknesses for all of the capillaries.

Published
2018

149. Critical behavior of the ferromagnetic transition in GdSc(Si,Ge) intermetallic compounds

Author

A. Herrero, Agustín Salazar, Alessia Provino, Alberto Oleaga, and Pietro Manfrinetti

Subjects
Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Spins, Mechanical Engineering, Isotropy, Metals and Alloys, Intermetallic, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Paramagnetism, Ferromagnetism, Transition metal, Mechanics of Materials, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Anisotropy, Critical exponent
Abstract

A complete study on the critical behavior of the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition in intermetallics GdScSi, GdScGe, GdSc(Si0.5Ge0.5) and Gd(Sc0.5Ti0.5)Ge has been carried out by means of magnetic as well as calorimetric measurements, using a high resolution ac photopyroelectric technique. The critical exponents α, β, γ, δ and the ratio of the critical coefficients A+/A− have been independently obtained for the four samples. It has been proved that the magnetic interactions are short range as the values of the critical parameters correspond to the 3D-Heisenberg class, stating an isotropic ordering of the Gd spins. In some cases, there are small deviations of some of the critical parameters from the theoretical values which have been discussed on the basis of the variation of the d states hybridization between the rare earth and the transition metal, as well as the presence of small magnetocrystalline anisotropies arising from spin-orbit coupling effects.

Published
2018

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