Search

This work concerns the reuse of treated wastewater from Er-Rachidia wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the mixing of ordinary B25 concrete, in order to reduce the overexploitation of groundwater, avoid its discharge into watercourses and reduce the risk of environmental pollution due to its mineral and organic matter load. In this respect, Tree types of mixing water were used in this study: Drinking Water (DW), Groundwater (GW) and Treated Wastewater (TW). The results recorded for each type of mixing water, in the fresh and hardened state of concretes, are then compared with the requirements of the standards. The obtained results show that the treated wastewater does not have any adverse effect upon the quality of the concrete; it has shown an improvement of the mechanical resistance from the first stage, a similar density, setting time and porosity and a slight decrease of the workability compared with the control concrete. A One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% significance level indicated no significant difference between concrete samples produced and cured with treated wastewater and control samples at ages 7, 14, 28 and 90 days. Throughout this study the substitution of drinking water by treated wastewater will help to minimize the need for its use. Additionally, it saves drinking water for consumption and makes wastewater treatment plants more economically attractive, together with other similar goals for sustainable development.

International audience; Waste glass based geopolymers have a high potential in the future as an eco-friendly inorganic binder. However, limited studies are available on the use of the residue of waste glass recycling in this type of binder. This work investigates the valorization of Residual Waste Glass (RWG) (the final waste of glass recycling centers) crushed at d90 < 13 μm in a geopolymer activating solution. RWG is thus used as source of free silicon with metakaolin (MK) as source of aluminosilicates. The activating solution from RWG was prepared in four ratios with a sodium hydroxide solution of 10 M: R1 (10M-NaOH + 10 g RWG), R2 (10M-NaOH + 20 g RWG), R3 (10M-NaOH + 30 g RWG) and R4 (10M-NaOH + 40 g of RWG). The effect of these treatments on the mobility of metallic and metalloid trace elements (MMTE) and major elements (Si4+ and Al3+) was measured. The structure of the solid phases produced after drying at 120 °C/24 h was studied using Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and XRD analyses. From these analyses, activating solution R3 was deemed optimal. The formulation of geopolymer mortars using MK and three activator sources: The optimized activating solution from RWG (R3), Commercial Sodium Silicate solution (CSS) and a reference activator formed by NaOH with RWG blended with the MK to obtain the same molar ratios in the geopolymer mixture. The mechanical and environmental performance results both highlight the interest of dissolving the RWG in NaOH first before insertion into the matrix. This study shows that treated glass R3 becomes an activating solution with good reactivity for obtaining a geopolymer binder and enhanced properties compared to the CSS source

Plusieurs techniques de traitement ont jusqu’ici été appliquées aux sédiments en vue de l’amélioration de certaines propriétés physico-chimiques. Le traitement thermique par calcination s’est montré efficace dans l‘élimination de la fraction organique ainsi que l’amélioration de propriétés de pouzzolanicité. Dans cet article, il est mis en évidence l’effet du traitement thermique optimisé des sédiments marins, sur les propriétés physico-mécaniques et environnementales des mortiers. En effet, la substitution optimale d’une fraction du ciment par des sédiments calcinés à 750°C permet de maintenir, voire d’améliorer, les propriétés mécaniques de la matrice cimentaire en comparaison avec un mortier de référence normalisé. L’incorporation des sédiments calcinés jusqu’à 20% de substitution du ciment n’altère pas la durabilité dumatériau, d’ailleurs à 10% de substitution du ciment, les sédiments améliorent le comportement mécanique et environnemental. D’un point de vue environnemental, les mortiers formulés contenant des sédiments calcinés sont considérés inertes au vu du référentiel des installations de stockage des déchets inertes (ISDI-France)., Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 34 No 1 (2016): Special Issue - RUGC 2016 Liège

International audience; Several studies have shown the potential of upgrading sediments in the civil engineering field. However, the complexity of sediments represents a scientific challenge in terms of their management. This study presents the river sediments recovery in a thermosetting matrix. The characterization results epoxy mortars show the feasibility of incorporating dredged sediments up to 50% substitution rate of natural sand. Moreover, according to the physic, mechanical, thermal and chemical evaluations of the thermosetting matrices, it appears that the performances depend on the factors of the rate of resin and the rate of sediments used. Indeed, the difference between the performances of resin mortars containing sediments and mortars without sediments is reduced by a resin content equal to 18%. In comparison with cementitious matrix mortars, the performances of polymeric mortars are well above. Finally, the SEM observations of different formulations made it possible to explain the results observed at the macroscopic scale. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

Purpose: The objective of our work was to develop a software for the optimization of the processes of treatment and formulation of dredged sediments for utilization in civil engineering applications. The software proposes an optimal solution that meets the different technical and environmental requirements of sediment utilization at a lower cost. Materials and methods: The software development consisted of defining the technical and environmental constraints that the sediments must comply with to be used in one of the four applications targeted in this work: road technique, dikes, concrete, and agricultural spreading. Boundary values were determined according to the current national regulations (France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom) for each type of application. The constraints were modeled by equations, and then introduced into the software. Economical aspects were also taken into account in the optimization process, with an assessment of costs related to dredging operations, natural materials, treatment, and transportation. In order to validate the computation model of the software, a simulation of the construction of a road based on three sediments was performed. Results and discussion: The aim of this work was to provide decision makers with simple and interactive software which will facilitate the management and the utilization of dredged sediments in civil engineering. The software proposed the mixture of three types of dredged sediments (30.29%) and sand (69.69%). The software also proposed treatments to reduce the organic matter content of the sediment and the amount of chemical elements that exceed the environmental thresholds defined by regulations. An estimate of the overall cost and of the detailed cost related to the sediment utilization was also proposed by the software. Conclusions: The presented software is a tool for optimizing the utilization and treatment of dredged sediments in civil engineering works. The technical and environmental constraints were modeled as well as the costs of each step of the sediment utilization. This allowed proposing the optimal solution that meets different technical and environmental requirements at a lower cost. The software has been tested during a road construction in Lille, France, and results confirmed the reliability of the solution proposed by the software. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

The polypropylene fibers, which are currently attracting enormous attention in various geotechnical applications, carry a risk of aging under an integrated effect of heat, oxygen, light and other environmental factors, causing potentially infrastructure failure. An eco-friendly and biologically inactive material – basalt fiber, which has excellent natural resistance to aging and can eliminate aging-associated disasters, deserves more attention in geotechnical field. However, quite few studies are available on the beneficial reuse of basalt fibers to improve the engineering performance of soils. Therefore, this study aims to incorporate the sustainable basalt fiber and clarify how its inclusion impacts the mechanical properties and microstructure of cemented kaolinite. The experimental programs are comprised of three types of tests, i.e. two to examine the compressive strength and triaxial shear behavior and one to evaluate the microstructure properties. The results indicate that the basalt fiber reinforcement plays an essential role in enhancing the compressive strength and peak deviatoric stress of cemented and uncemented kaolinite. The inclusion of basalt fibers improves the ductility and weakens the brittleness of cemented kaolinite. The compressive strength increases with basalt fiber content and curing time, and reaches the peak at the fiber content of 0.2%, followed by a reduction due to the formation of weak zone at higher fiber content. The peak deviatoric stress is elevated until reaching the maximum at the basalt fiber content of 0.4%, after which further addition of basalt fiber tends to reduce its reinforcing effect. The peak deviatoric stress increases as the basalt fiber length is shortened and the confining pressure is raised. The strength gain of cement-basalt fiber inclusion is much more than the sum of strength increase induced by them individually. The combination of basalt fiber and cement has the virtues of both cement-stabilized and basalt fiber-reinforced kaolinite. The SEM analysis reveals that the mechanical interaction in the form of interface bonding and friction between kaolinite particle, cement hydration product and basalt fiber is the dominant mechanism controlling the reinforcement-cementation benefits. The bridging effect (reinforcement) of basalt fibers and binding effect (cementation) of hydration products make a major contribution to the formation of stable and interconnected microstructure, which results in an evident improvement in the mechanical behaviour of cemented kaolinite. The combination of basalt fiber and cement stabilization would be an innovative and effective method for geotechnical engineering works such as soft ground improvement. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

International audience; Abstract: The management of dredging sediments and plastic waste is of increasing environmental, societal, and economic importance. To address this, we produced lightweight aggregates composed of 70% sediment based mineral filler and 30% thermoplastic waste containing polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene. When tested, the aggregates satisfied the requirements of the European Standard EN 13055-1 for lightweight aggregates and exhibited good mechanical properties and low water absorption compared to natural aggregates. Based on these results, the formulated lightweight aggregates were found to be suitable for use as a partial replacement for up to 30% of the natural sand in mortar formulations

Due to the increase in demand for building materials and their high prices in most developing countries, many researchers are trying to recycle waste for use as secondary raw materials. The aim of this study is the optimization of a mixture of compressed earth blocks based on two sediments. These sediments were tested through the Vicat test to determine the proportion of each one and the optimal water content. The mixtures were treated by adding 10% of blast furnace slag and different proportions of dissolved glass in a NaOH solution. The results indicated that the mixture of 70% Oran sediments with 30% Sidi Lakhdar sediments treated with 4% glass waste produced a CEB (compressed earth block) with high compressive strength with low porosity. In addition, formulated CEBs have a very good resistance to water immersion.

The scarcity of natural aggregates promotes waste reuse as secondary raw material in the field of civil engineering. This article focuses on the beneficial reuse of marine-dredged sediments in road building. Thus, mixtures of raw sediments and dredged sand collected from Brest Harbur (Bretagne, France) were treated with road hydraulic binders. Formulation were prepared and characterized as recommended by the French Technical Guidelines for soil treatment with lime and/or hydraulic binders. Mechanical resistance results are quite similar for both the hydraulic binders, suggesting a similar reactivity with the studied sediment sample. However, some discrepancies can be noted on sustainability parameters. Indeed, water resistance after immersion at 40°C is significantly better for the mixtures treated with cement containing more glass-forming oxides (SiO2 + Al2O3) and fluxing (Fe2O3+CaO + MgO + K2O + Na2O). Moreover, the both hydraulic binders can lead to swelling in the road materials as observed in...

This paper presents preliminary results for the determinants of Cloud Computing (CC) adoption by Tunisian firms. Based on the responses to a face-to-face questionnaire administered to a random sample of 350 Tunisian firms, and using a Logit model, our empirical study provides four preliminary results. Firstly, the adoption of CC depends firm size and firm employees skilled in working with information and communication technologies. Secondly, we find that there is a competition effect. The more that competitors adopt this innovation, the more that the firm adopts it. Thirdly, adoption of CC is pushed by the perceived cost reducing aspect of CC technology. Our study confirms that this cost reducing aspect is important in the case of Tunisia. Fourthly, the main disadvantage of CC is its perceived complexity. CC is a new technology and there is little information on its uses and benefits; most Tunisian firms perceive it to be a complex technology. We also offer some implications for policy and managers. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

This work involves valuing residual waste from a glass coming from a recycling station in a geopolymer matrix. This type of waste contains mineral impurities called "infusibles" characterized by a very high melting temperature compared to traditional glass which makes it difficult to use it as glass cullet. The objective of this study is to use this waste as a source of silicates in a geopolymer reaction in combinations with aluminosilicates sources such as Metakaolin (MK). For that, the first step was to characterize the different raw materials used. A quantitative chemical analysis was carried out by X-Ray Fluorescence and crystallography was determined by X-ray diffraction. The second step focuses on the dissolution of the WG structure. For that, three treatment programs have been realized modifying factors such as temperature (20°C and 90°C) and alkalinity (with sodium hydroxide 10M). After attack of WG, the elements Si4+, Al3+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were quantified by ICP-OES analysis. In the last step, the reactivity of glass after the different treatment programs was evaluated by the study of the mechanical behavior of mortars including the glasses and metakaolin (MK), which is a source of aluminosilicates., Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 37 No 2 (2019): Special Issue - ICBBM 2019

Objective Our study aimed to measure the health-related quality of life (QoL) of Tunisian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1MD). Methods This cross-sectional study included 48 patients aged 3–18 years with T1MD, diagnosed for at least 6 months, and their parents, who underwent outpatient examinations from September to December 2018. The children's QoL was assessed using the PedQL 3.0 Diabetes Module exploring five dimensions: diabetes symptoms, treatment barriers, treatment adherence, worry, and communication problems. Parents shared their perception of their children's QoL through the PedQL 4.0 parents’ report (general health and emotional, social, and scholar functioning). Glycemic control was assessed using the last glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) values. Results The patients’ average QoL score was 80.52 (± 13.61) without significant differences between gender and age. The longer the duration of the disease, the worse the glycemic control. Girls and adolescents seemed to have poorer glycemic control. Boys and adolescents had more difficulties in all aspects of QoL. Parents perceived a worse QoL than that reported by their sons/daughters (72.34 ± 16.42; P = 0.006). Conclusion These findings emphasize the importance of an interdisciplinary, biopsychosocial, and family-centered care approach to patients with T1MD.

International audience

The onshore management of marine and river sediments represents economic, environmental, and societal issues; these materials are considered as wastes after dredging. In the framework of the SEDIPLAST regional project, dredged sediments, which are considered as non-inert waste according to European regulation, are recovered as mineral aggregates in thermosetting polymeric matrix to formulate polymer mortars in the field of floor coverings. The formulations are optimized using the Packing Density Model, to determine the optimum density of the mixtures, thus allowing having the high mechanicals characteristics of material. These formulations are evaluated by mechanical, thermal, and chemical tests according to the French classification of durability which characterizes the soil of a locality according to its use (UPEC). The results showed that the polymer mortars including dredged sediments have excellent physical, mechanical, and thermal properties, such as low voids content and excellent chemical resistance properties. Finally, SEM observations of different mixtures allowed to give an explanation of the results observed in macroscopic scale.

This study investigates the physico-chemical, mineralogical and thermal characteristics of three natural Tunisian clays collected from Gafsa (A1), Zeramdine (A2) and Nabeul (A3). The aim was to promote an appropriate formulation of materials and to obtain optimal compacted earth blocks (CEB). Results of mineralogical analysis of clays revealed the dominance of kaolinite (>13.58%), illite (>25.7%), quartz (>18%) and a minor fraction of smectite phases. Chemical analysis of the clays major elements showed a SiO 2 content exceeding 50% and a percentage of Al2O3 higher than 18%. Particle size distribution showed that clay fractions varied from 10 to 20%. Plasticity index defined a plastic character while the values of specific surface area were around 60 m 2 /g. This discrepancy has an effect on the behavior of these clays in CEB, notably their mechanical properties. From this characterization, it appears that all the sampled clays are suitable as raw material for CEB application. The prepared CEB formulations varied according to compaction energy and binder dosages. In this work, lime served as a binder at different rates (4, 6, 8 and 10%) to ameliorate the quality of CEB. Unconfined Compressive Strength values were determined by Static method test. Then bulk density, shrinkage and porosity values of samples were determined. Compressive strength could reach 7 MPa with lime supplementation in sample A1. The static compaction onto the sand-clay mixture achieved a value of density superior to 2 g cm −3 with lime supplementation in sample A1. Overall, the Gafsa clay was the most suitable for CEB preparation. Also, lime improved the compressive strength of the matrix, in addition to its ecological merits.

This paper deals with glass packaging and especially with different types of wastes from its recycling (Valued Product (VP), End-of-Wash Waste (EWW) and Optical Sorting (OS)), in order to make a comparative study of their pozzolanic activity and leaching behaviour for an environmental study. VP is used by industrials in the production of new packaging glass, and EWW and OS are residues which are not currently valued, so considered as undesirable parts. First of all, these three materials have been crushed to obtain a homogeneous particle-size distribution (with d50 = 6.5 µm). Then, they have been physically and chemically characterized by helium pycnometer (absolute density), gas adsorption method (specific surface), X-ray crystallography and X-ray Fluorescence for chemical composition. The second step of this study involves making 4 × 4 × 16 cm specimens according to standard NF EN 196-1 in order to compare a reference mortar (RM) with 100% of cement 42.5 R with samples including the three types of waste glass (VP, EWW and OS) in partial substitution of cement. Leaching tests performed on these wastes according to standard NF EN 12457-2 allowed to highlight a correlation between mobility of silicon, aluminium and calcium, and the mechanical performances obtained. Finally, SEM observations and study of cement paste in fresh state allowed to give an explanation of the results observed in macroscopic scale.

Contexte et objectifs Les patients atteints de deficits immunitaires primitifs (DIP) ou secondaires (DIS) peuvent recevoir un traitement substitutif de longue duree avec des immunoglobulines sous-cutanees (IgSC). Celles administrees a domicile peuvent necessiter des visites infirmieres et des visites de prestataires pour l’installation/maintenance des pompes a perfusion. Compte tenu des differences de frequence d’administration des SCIg [Hizentra® et Gammanorm®, SCIgs conventionnelles hebdomadaires (cSCIgs) ; HyQvia®, SCIg mensuelle facilitee par la hyaluronidase (fSCIg)], cette etude visait a decrire et comparer les caracteristiques des patients DIP/DIS et l’utilisation des ressources en sante liees a l’administration d’une SCIg. Methodes Cette cohorte retrospective comprenait des patients atteints de DIP/DIS, nouvellement traites (absence d’administration d’Ig au cours des 6 mois precedents) recevant des SCIgs de Q4-2016 a Q2-2018 dans la base du Systeme National des Donnees de Sante (SNDS). Au sein des sous-groupes de patients traites par chaque SCIg, les caracteristiques des patients et les taux mensuels de consommation des differentes ressources en sante (par exemple, visites infirmieres et visites de prestataires pour l’installation/maintenance des pompes a perfusion, doses de traitement …) ont ete decrits. Les ressources en sante liees a l’administration d’une SCIg ont ete comparees a l’aide de modeles de Poisson ajustes sur des caracteristiques cliniques et demographiques des patients. Les risques relatifs et les intervalles de confiance (RR et IC a 95 %) ont ete rapportes. Resultats 2012 patients (534 DIP ; 1 478 DIS) ont ete identifies. Dans les sous-populations DIP et DIS, respectivement : l’âge moyen des patients etait de 54 et 65 ans ; 58 % et 48 % etaient des femmes ; et les co-traitements les plus frequents etaient ceux traitant les troubles digestifs/metaboliques (48 %/57 %) et les antibiotiques (42 %/47 %). Les taux d’utilisation des ressources en sante liees a l’administration d’une SCIg etaient similaires pour tous les patients traites par cSCIg, mais etaient plus eleves que ceux observes chez les patients traites par une fSCIg, en particulier pour les visites infirmieres et pour les visites des prestataires pour l’installation/maintenance des pompes a perfusion : chez les patients atteints de DIP, 2,5 (2,3-2,6) et 3,1 (2,9-3,22) fois plus eleves pour les patients traites avec une cSCIg versus ceux traites avec une fSCIg, respectivement. Chez les patients atteints de DIS, les RR etaient de : 1,6 (1,5-1,6) et 3,1 (3,0-3,3), respectivement. Conclusion Cette etude chez les patients atteints de DIP/DIS a montre que les patients traites par une fSCIg avaient une utilisation des ressources en sante plus faible que celle des patients traites par une cSCIg.

Contexte : Le concept de responsabilite sociale fait l’objet d’un interet croissant a l’echelle universelle. Applique aux facultes de medecine, il tend a examiner dans quelle mesure leurs missions de formation, de recherche et de prestation de services ont un impact sur la sante de la societe. Cet article est motive par une reflexion sur la pertinence des systemes d’accreditation en rapport avec la responsabilite sociale telle que definie dans la litterature recente. Methodes : Trois importants systemes d’accreditation de facultes de medecine sont examines : la LCME ( Liaison committee on medical education ), la WFME (World federation for medical education ) et la CIDMEF (Conference internationale des doyens et facultes de medecine d’expression francaise). Leurs normes ont ete etudiees quant a leur congruence avec les principes de responsabilite sociale. Resultats : Bien que chacun des systemes evoque la necessite de normes s’adaptant aux besoins du systeme de sante et de la population, les recommandations restent assez theoriques et s’exposent a des interpretations diverses, ne permettant pas de faire des propositions d’amelioration suffisamment pertinentes. Conclusion : La conjoncture mondiale etant relativement favorable a une plus forte adhesion des institutions academiques aux principes de responsabilite sociale, il conviendrait d’harmoniser les systemes d’accreditation des facultes de medecine, non seulement pour une amelioration des normes, mais aussi pour une integration de partenaires de sante dans le processus d’accreditation.

Cushing syndrome (CS) is a rare feature of McCune-Albright syndrome. Treatments consist of bilateral adrenalectomy followed by lifelong glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid treatment. However, cases of spontaneous remission of CS have been reported in the literature. We report a case of McCune-Albright syndrome with CS treated with metyrapone for 30 months with prolonged remission after a 12-year follow-up. Adrenalectomy may be avoided in some cases of CS caused by McCune-Albright syndrome. Metyrapone could be a good alternative to surgical treatment.

This paper proposes a synthesis of a dynamic controller under constraints. It is based on model predictive control (MPC) approach and resolution of a convex optimisation problem with linear matrix inequalities (LMI). The controller guarantees the closed-loop stability for polytopic time-varying uncertain systems. Conditions are provided for the controller design based on the parameter dependent Lyapunov functions (PDLF). A new demonstration is developed based on the relaxation technique, to include a slack variables Gi. The new LMI's formulation offers an additional degree of freedom for the controller design. Input and output constraints are also taken into account during the design of the controller. This approach allows varying and adjusting the dynamic of system by taking into account input/output constraints.

The management of bauxite residues causes serious environmental problems worldwide due to their physico-chemical particularities. In this research, a bauxite residue collected from Gardanne Alumina Plant (France), renamed modified red mud (MRM) after dewatering treatment, was investigated for its reuse in the making of ceramic materials such as roof tiles or bricks. After physico-chemico-mineralogical investigations, formulations were tested by substituting natural clays with MRM at rates ranging from 0 to 30% and applying two firing temperatures at 950 °C and 1015 °C. Ceramics samples were characterized for their chemical, mineralogical, and mechanical properties. It was found that the addition of up to 30 wt% of the MRM allows the production of acceptable ceramic products such as tiles.

To successfully transition any economy towards sustainable development requires reducing the consumption of raw materials while maintaining production levels. In the French construction sector, nearly 55% of extracted materials are aggregates. A potential solution to decreasing the carbon footprint of the construction sector and reducing the consumption of raw materials consists in recovering industrial byproducts, in particular reclaiming dredged sediments for use as a mineral component in mortar formulas. However, these sediments require adequate and optimal pretreatment to be implemented effectively. Several processing techniques have thus far been applied to improve specific physicochemical properties. Heat treatment through calcination has proven effective in removing organic matter and activating the pozzolanic properties of the sediments. The present study demonstrates that optimizing the heat treatment of marine sediment additives affects the physicomechanical and environmental properties of mortar. Compared with a standard reference mortar, substituting an optimum portion of cement with sediments that were calcination-treated at 750 °C achieved at least identical and even improved mechanical properties of the cement matrix. Incorporating up to 20% of calcined sediment as a cement substitute did not affect the durability of the mortar. In fact, a cement substitution of 10% improved the accelerated carbonation behavior. The characteristics of these mortar formulas were evaluated from an environmental and life cycle point of view and compared with inert waste reference thresholds (in accordance with the French inert waste storage facilities directive of 2010).

Contexte et objectif : L’objectif general du projet de recherche-action international francophone sur la responsabilite sociale des facultes de medecine a ete d’experimenter et d’evaluer la pertinence, l’applicabilite et la mise en œuvre d’une demarche de qualite inspiree des principes de responsabilite sociale (RS) et d’en demontrer l’utilite comme une strategie de choix pour ameliorer la sante. Description : Au 1er novembre 2015, 56 facultes de medecine dans 18 pays francophones ont adhere au projet de recherche-action. La phase d’evaluation de la perception des differents acteurs a montre que la sensibilisation devait etre poursuivie aupres des acteurs « intra muros » et « extra-muros ». La participation forte des etudiants signe un vif interet de ces derniers pour la RS. Des experimentations d’actions pragmatiques de RS ont ete choisies par les facultes : le contrat faculte-territoire, la premiere ligne de sante, l’adaptation de la formation et les populations vulnerables. Resultats : Le regroupement de facultes dans un meme pays montre une dynamique nationale forte, une mutualisation des projets d’intervention et une visibilite accentuee. En Tunisie et en Haiti, les quatre facultes nationales sont partenaires du projet autour d’une thematique commune. Les six facultes de medecine de Madagascar se sont engagees dans un partenariat national prometteur. Conclusion : L’experience du projet de recherche action sur la RS des facultes de medecine est une experience d’envergure originale dans le monde francophone. En raison de la diversite des engagements, le projet illustre de maniere evidente la possibilite d’engager des actions pragmatiques de RS a l’echelle d’une communaute, d’une institution academique ou d’un pays.