127 results on '"Laouali, Nasser"'
Search Results
102. Oestradiol level, oestrogen receptors, and mortality in elderly men: The three-city cohort study
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Laouali, Nasser, primary, Brailly-Tabard, Sylvie, additional, Helmer, Catherine, additional, Ancelin, Marie-Laure, additional, Tzourio, Christophe, additional, Elbaz, Alexis, additional, Guiochon-Mantel, Anne, additional, and Canonico, Marianne, additional
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
103. Testosterone and All-Cause Mortality in Older Men: The Role of Metabolic Syndrome
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Laouali, Nasser, primary, Brailly-Tabard, Sylvie, additional, Helmer, Catherine, additional, Ancelin, Marie-Laure, additional, Tzourio, Christophe, additional, Singh-Manoux, Archana, additional, Dugravot, Aline, additional, Elbaz, Alexis, additional, Guiochon-Mantel, Anne, additional, and Canonico, Marianne, additional
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
104. Additional file 2 of Dietary inflammatory index, risk of incident hypertension, and effect modification from BMI
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Conor-James MacDonald, Laouali, Nasser, Anne-Laure Madika, Mancini, Francesca Romana, and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
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Data_FILES ,3. Good health - Abstract
Additional file 2.
105. Additional file 1 of Dietary inflammatory index, risk of incident hypertension, and effect modification from BMI
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Conor-James MacDonald, Laouali, Nasser, Anne-Laure Madika, Mancini, Francesca Romana, and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
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Data_FILES ,3. Good health - Abstract
Additional file 1.
106. Additional file 1 of Dietary inflammatory index, risk of incident hypertension, and effect modification from BMI
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Conor-James MacDonald, Laouali, Nasser, Anne-Laure Madika, Mancini, Francesca Romana, and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
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Data_FILES ,3. Good health - Abstract
Additional file 1.
107. The association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D metabolites and type 2 diabetes in European populations: A meta-analysis and Mendelian randomisation analysis
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Zheng, Ju-Sheng, Luan, Jian’an, Sofianopoulou, Eleni, Sharp, Stephen J., Day, Felix R., Imamura, Fumiaki, Gundersen, Thomas E., Lotta, Luca A., Sluijs, Ivonne, Stewart, Isobel D., Shah, Rupal L., Van Der Schouw, Yvonne T., Wheeler, Eleanor, Ardanaz, Eva, Boeing, Heiner, Dorronsoro, Miren, Dahm, Christina C., Dimou, Niki, El-Fatouhi, Douae, Franks, Paul W., Fagherazzi, Guy, Grioni, Sara, Huerta, José María, Heath, Alicia K., Hansen, Louise, Jenab, Mazda, Jakszyn, Paula, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kühn, Tilman, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Laouali, Nasser, Masala, Giovanna, Nilsson, Peter M., Overvad, Kim, Olsen, Anja, Panico, Salvatore, Quirós, J. Ramón, Rolandsson, Olov, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W., Tong, Tammy Y. N., Tumino, Rosario, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Danesh, John, Riboli, Elio, Butterworth, Adam S., Langenberg, Claudia, Forouhi, Nita G., and Wareham, Nicholas J.
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Medicine and health sciences ,Physical sciences ,Research and analysis methods ,Biology and life sciences ,FOS: Physical sciences ,3. Good health ,Research Article - Abstract
Funder: NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Cambridge: Nutrition, Diet, and Lifestyle Research Theme; Grant(s): IS-BRC-1215-20014, Background: Prior research suggested a differential association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) metabolites with type 2 diabetes (T2D), with total 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 inversely associated with T2D, but the epimeric form (C3-epi-25(OH)D3) positively associated with T2D. Whether or not these observational associations are causal remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the potential causality of these associations using Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis. Methods and findings: We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for total 25(OH)D (N = 120,618), 25(OH)D3 (N = 40,562), and C3-epi-25(OH)D3 (N = 40,562) in participants of European descent (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition [EPIC]–InterAct study, EPIC-Norfolk study, EPIC-CVD study, Ely study, and the SUNLIGHT consortium). We identified genetic variants for MR analysis to investigate the causal association of the 25(OH)D metabolites with T2D (including 80,983 T2D cases and 842,909 non-cases). We also estimated the observational association of 25(OH)D metabolites with T2D by performing random effects meta-analysis of results from previous studies and results from the EPIC-InterAct study. We identified 10 genetic loci associated with total 25(OH)D, 7 loci associated with 25(OH)D3 and 3 loci associated with C3-epi-25(OH)D3. Based on the meta-analysis of observational studies, each 1–standard deviation (SD) higher level of 25(OH)D was associated with a 20% lower risk of T2D (relative risk [RR]: 0.80; 95% CI 0.77, 0.84; p < 0.001), but a genetically predicted 1-SD increase in 25(OH)D was not significantly associated with T2D (odds ratio [OR]: 0.96; 95% CI 0.89, 1.03; p = 0.23); this result was consistent across sensitivity analyses. In EPIC-InterAct, 25(OH)D3 (per 1-SD) was associated with a lower risk of T2D (RR: 0.81; 95% CI 0.77, 0.86; p < 0.001), while C3-epi-25(OH)D3 (above versus below lower limit of quantification) was positively associated with T2D (RR: 1.12; 95% CI 1.03, 1.22; p = 0.006), but neither 25(OH)D3 (OR: 0.97; 95% CI 0.93, 1.01; p = 0.14) nor C3-epi-25(OH)D3 (OR: 0.98; 95% CI 0.93, 1.04; p = 0.53) was causally associated with T2D risk in the MR analysis. Main limitations include the lack of a non-linear MR analysis and of the generalisability of the current findings from European populations to other populations of different ethnicities. Conclusions: Our study found discordant associations of biochemically measured and genetically predicted differences in blood 25(OH)D with T2D risk. The findings based on MR analysis in a large sample of European ancestry do not support a causal association of total 25(OH)D or 25(OH)D metabolites with T2D and argue against the use of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of T2D.
108. The association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D metabolites and type 2 diabetes in European populations: A meta-analysis and Mendelian randomisation analysis
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Zheng, Ju-Sheng, Luan, Jian'an, Sofianopoulou, Eleni, Sharp, Stephen J, Day, Felix R, Imamura, Fumiaki, Gundersen, Thomas E, Lotta, Luca A, Sluijs, Ivonne, Stewart, Isobel D, Shah, Rupal L, Van Der Schouw, Yvonne T, Wheeler, Eleanor, Ardanaz, Eva, Boeing, Heiner, Dorronsoro, Miren, Dahm, Christina C, Dimou, Niki, El-Fatouhi, Douae, Franks, Paul W, Fagherazzi, Guy, Grioni, Sara, Huerta, José María, Heath, Alicia K, Hansen, Louise, Jenab, Mazda, Jakszyn, Paula, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kühn, Tilman, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Laouali, Nasser, Masala, Giovanna, Nilsson, Peter M, Overvad, Kim, Olsen, Anja, Panico, Salvatore, Quirós, J Ramón, Rolandsson, Olov, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Spijkerman, Annemieke MW, Tong, Tammy YN, Tumino, Rosario, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Danesh, John, Riboli, Elio, Butterworth, Adam S, Langenberg, Claudia, Forouhi, Nita G, and Wareham, Nicholas J
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Adult ,Male ,Mendelian Randomization Analysis ,Middle Aged ,White People ,3. Good health ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Risk Factors ,Dietary Supplements ,Humans ,Female ,Prospective Studies ,Vitamin D ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prior research suggested a differential association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) metabolites with type 2 diabetes (T2D), with total 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 inversely associated with T2D, but the epimeric form (C3-epi-25(OH)D3) positively associated with T2D. Whether or not these observational associations are causal remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the potential causality of these associations using Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for total 25(OH)D (N = 120,618), 25(OH)D3 (N = 40,562), and C3-epi-25(OH)D3 (N = 40,562) in participants of European descent (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition [EPIC]-InterAct study, EPIC-Norfolk study, EPIC-CVD study, Ely study, and the SUNLIGHT consortium). We identified genetic variants for MR analysis to investigate the causal association of the 25(OH)D metabolites with T2D (including 80,983 T2D cases and 842,909 non-cases). We also estimated the observational association of 25(OH)D metabolites with T2D by performing random effects meta-analysis of results from previous studies and results from the EPIC-InterAct study. We identified 10 genetic loci associated with total 25(OH)D, 7 loci associated with 25(OH)D3 and 3 loci associated with C3-epi-25(OH)D3. Based on the meta-analysis of observational studies, each 1-standard deviation (SD) higher level of 25(OH)D was associated with a 20% lower risk of T2D (relative risk [RR]: 0.80; 95% CI 0.77, 0.84; p < 0.001), but a genetically predicted 1-SD increase in 25(OH)D was not significantly associated with T2D (odds ratio [OR]: 0.96; 95% CI 0.89, 1.03; p = 0.23); this result was consistent across sensitivity analyses. In EPIC-InterAct, 25(OH)D3 (per 1-SD) was associated with a lower risk of T2D (RR: 0.81; 95% CI 0.77, 0.86; p < 0.001), while C3-epi-25(OH)D3 (above versus below lower limit of quantification) was positively associated with T2D (RR: 1.12; 95% CI 1.03, 1.22; p = 0.006), but neither 25(OH)D3 (OR: 0.97; 95% CI 0.93, 1.01; p = 0.14) nor C3-epi-25(OH)D3 (OR: 0.98; 95% CI 0.93, 1.04; p = 0.53) was causally associated with T2D risk in the MR analysis. Main limitations include the lack of a non-linear MR analysis and of the generalisability of the current findings from European populations to other populations of different ethnicities. CONCLUSIONS: Our study found discordant associations of biochemically measured and genetically predicted differences in blood 25(OH)D with T2D risk. The findings based on MR analysis in a large sample of European ancestry do not support a causal association of total 25(OH)D or 25(OH)D metabolites with T2D and argue against the use of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of T2D.
109. Plasma Vitamin C and Type 2 Diabetes: Genome-Wide Association Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis in European Populations
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Zheng, Ju-Sheng, Luan, Jian'an, Sofianopoulou, Eleni, Imamura, Fumiaki, Stewart, Isobel D, Day, Felix R, Pietzner, Maik, Wheeler, Eleanor, Lotta, Luca A, Gundersen, Thomas E, Amiano, Pilar, Ardanaz, Eva, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Fagherazzi, Guy, Franks, Paul W, Kaaks, Rudolf, Laouali, Nasser, Mancini, Francesca Romana, Nilsson, Peter M, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Olsen, Anja, Overvad, Kim, Panico, Salvatore, Palli, Domenico, Ricceri, Fulvio, Rolandsson, Olov, Spijkerman, Annemieke MW, Sánchez, María-José, Schulze, Matthias B, Sala, Núria, Sieri, Sabina, Tjønneland, Anne, Tumino, Rosario, Van Der Schouw, Yvonne T, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Riboli, Elio, Danesh, John, Butterworth, Adam S, Sharp, Stephen J, Langenberg, Claudia, Forouhi, Nita G, and Wareham, Nicholas J
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Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Ascorbic Acid ,Mendelian Randomization Analysis ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,3. Good health ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Higher plasma vitamin C levels are associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk, but whether this association is causal is uncertain. To investigate this, we studied the association of genetically predicted plasma vitamin C with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted genome-wide association studies of plasma vitamin C among 52,018 individuals of European ancestry to discover novel genetic variants. We performed Mendelian randomization analyses to estimate the association of genetically predicted differences in plasma vitamin C with type 2 diabetes in up to 80,983 case participants and 842,909 noncase participants. We compared this estimate with the observational association between plasma vitamin C and incident type 2 diabetes, including 8,133 case participants and 11,073 noncase participants. RESULTS: We identified 11 genomic regions associated with plasma vitamin C (P < 5 × 10-8), with the strongest signal at SLC23A1, and 10 novel genetic loci including SLC23A3, CHPT1, BCAS3, SNRPF, RER1, MAF, GSTA5, RGS14, AKT1, and FADS1. Plasma vitamin C was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio per SD 0.88; 95% CI 0.82, 0.94), but there was no association between genetically predicted plasma vitamin C (excluding FADS1 variant due to its apparent pleiotropic effect) and type 2 diabetes (1.03; 95% CI 0.96, 1.10). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate discordance between biochemically measured and genetically predicted plasma vitamin C levels in the association with type 2 diabetes among European populations. The null Mendelian randomization findings provide no strong evidence to suggest the use of vitamin C supplementation for type 2 diabetes prevention.
110. Additional file 2 of Dietary inflammatory index, risk of incident hypertension, and effect modification from BMI
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Conor-James MacDonald, Laouali, Nasser, Anne-Laure Madika, Mancini, Francesca Romana, and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
- Subjects
Data_FILES ,3. Good health - Abstract
Additional file 2.
111. Adherence to mediterranean diet and the risk of differentiated thyroid cancer in a European cohort: The EPIC study
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Fjorida Llaha, Valerie Cayssials, Marta Farràs, Antonio Agudo, Maria Sandström, Anne Kirstine Eriksen, Anne Tjønneland, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Nasser Laouali, Thérèse Truong, Charlotte Le Cornet, Verena Katzke, Matthias Schulze, Domenico Palli, Vittorio Krogh, Simona Signoriello, Rosario Tumino, Fulvio Ricceri, Guri Skeie, Torill Miriam Enget Jensen, Sairah Lai Fa Chen, Cristina Lasheras, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Pilar Amiano, José María Huerta, Marcela Guevara, Martin Almquist, Lena Maria Nilson, Joakim Hennings, Keren Papier, Alicia Heath, Elisabete Weiderpass, Sabina Rinaldi, Raul Zamora-Ros, Llaha, Fjorida, Cayssials, Valerie, Farràs, Marta, Agudo, Antonio, Sandström, Maria, Eriksen, Anne Kirstine, Tjønneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Laouali, Nasser, Truong, Thérèse, Le Cornet, Charlotte, Katzke, Verena, Schulze, Matthia, Palli, Domenico, Krogh, Vittorio, Signoriello, Simona, Tumino, Rosario, Ricceri, Fulvio, Skeie, Guri, Jensen, Torill Miriam Enget, Chen, Sairah Lai Fa, Lasheras, Cristina, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, Amiano, Pilar, Huerta, José María, Guevara, Marcela, Almquist, Martin, Nilson, Lena Maria, Hennings, Joakim, Papier, Keren, Heath, Alicia, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Rinaldi, Sabina, and Zamora-Ros, Raul
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Nutrition and Dietetics ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,cohort ,Mediterranean diet (MD) ,thyroid cancer (TC) ,Näringslära ,EPIC study ,intake ,meat ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Mediterranean cooking ,Thyroid gland cancer ,Cuina mediterrània ,Càncer de tiroide ,1111 Nutrition and Dietetics ,1001 Agricultural Biotechnology ,Food Science - Abstract
Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Miguel Servet program (CPII20/00009) from the Institute of Health Carlos III (cofunded by the European Social Fund (ESF) – ESF investing in your future) (...), Llaha, F., Cayssials, V., Farràs, M., Agudo, A., Sandström, M., Eriksen, A.K., Tjønneland, A., Boutron-Ruault, M.-C., Laouali, N., Truong, T., Le Cornet, C., Katzke, V., Schulze, M., Palli, D., Krogh, V., Signoriello, S., Tumino, R., Ricceri, F., Skeie, G., Jensen, T.M.E., Chen, S.L.F., Lasheras, C., Rodriguez-Barranco, M., Amiano, P., Huerta, J.M., Guevara, M., Almquist, M., Nilson, L.M., Hennings, J., Papier, K., Heath, A., Weiderpass, E., Rinaldi, S., Zamora-Ros, R.
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- 2022
112. The association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D metabolites and type 2 diabetes in European populations: A meta-analysis and Mendelian randomisation analysis
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Nita G. Forouhi, Kim Overvad, Ivonne Sluijs, Tammy Y.N. Tong, Christina C. Dahm, Kay-Tee Khaw, Thomas E. Gundersen, José María Huerta, Peter M. Nilsson, Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco, Nasser Laouali, Adam S. Butterworth, Giovanna Masala, Sara Grioni, Rosario Tumino, Anja Olsen, Stephen J. Sharp, Salvatore Panico, J. Ramón Quirós, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Eleanor Wheeler, Rudolf Kaaks, Alicia K Heath, Eva Ardanaz, Felix R. Day, Eleni Sofianopoulou, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, Luca A. Lotta, Nicholas J. Wareham, Douae El-Fatouhi, Claudia Langenberg, Heiner Boeing, Guy Fagherazzi, Paula Jakszyn, Olov Rolandsson, Rupal L. Shah, Mazda Jenab, Miren Dorronsoro, Ju-Sheng Zheng, Fumiaki Imamura, Isobel D. Stewart, Elio Riboli, Paul W. Franks, Louise Hansen, John Danesh, Carlotta Sacerdote, Jian'an Luan, Niki Dimou, Annemieke M.W. Spijkerman, Tilman Kühn, Zheng, Ju-Sheng [0000-0001-6560-4890], Sharp, Stephen J [0000-0003-2375-1440], Day, Felix R [0000-0003-3789-7651], Sluijs, Ivonne [0000-0001-7758-4911], Shah, Rupal L [0000-0001-8789-8869], van der Schouw, Yvonne T [0000-0002-4605-435X], Dahm, Christina C [0000-0003-0481-2893], Dimou, Niki [0000-0003-1678-9328], Franks, Paul W [0000-0002-0520-7604], Fagherazzi, Guy [0000-0001-5033-5966], Huerta, José María [0000-0002-9637-3869], Heath, Alicia K [0000-0001-6517-1300], Hansen, Louise [0000-0002-7109-8864], Jenab, Mazda [0000-0002-0573-1852], Kühn, Tilman [0000-0001-7702-317X], Laouali, Nasser [0000-0002-8532-456X], Masala, Giovanna [0000-0002-5758-9069], Olsen, Anja [0000-0003-4788-503X], Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel [0000-0002-9972-9779], Sacerdote, Carlotta [0000-0002-8008-5096], Tong, Tammy YN [0000-0002-0284-8959], Tumino, Rosario [0000-0003-2666-414X], Tsilidis, Konstantinos K [0000-0002-8452-8472], Riboli, Elio [0000-0001-6795-6080], Langenberg, Claudia [0000-0002-5017-7344], Forouhi, Nita G [0000-0002-5041-248X], Wareham, Nicholas J [0000-0003-1422-2993], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Sharp, Stephen J. [0000-0003-2375-1440], Day, Felix R. [0000-0003-3789-7651], Shah, Rupal L. [0000-0001-8789-8869], van der Schouw, Yvonne T. [0000-0002-4605-435X], Dahm, Christina C. [0000-0003-0481-2893], Franks, Paul W. [0000-0002-0520-7604], Heath, Alicia K. [0000-0001-6517-1300], Tong, Tammy Y. N. [0000-0002-0284-8959], Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. [0000-0002-8452-8472], Forouhi, Nita G. [0000-0002-5041-248X], and Wareham, Nicholas J. [0000-0003-1422-2993]
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Male ,Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ,Organic chemistry ,Genome-wide association study ,Type 2 diabetes ,VARIANTS ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Biochemistry ,Endocrinology ,Medical Conditions ,Mathematical and Statistical Techniques ,0302 clinical medicine ,DESIGN ,Risk Factors ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Metabolites ,VITAMIN-D SUPPLEMENTATION ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Vitamin D ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,RISK ,Diabetis ,Statistics ,Diabetes ,Genomics ,Vitamins ,General Medicine ,Metaanalysis ,Middle Aged ,Type 2 Diabetes ,3. Good health ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Physical sciences ,Chemistry ,OBESITY ,Endokrinologi och diabetes ,Medicine ,LIFE-STYLE ,Female ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrine Disorders ,DATABASE ,Vitamina D ,European Continental Ancestry Group ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Endocrinology and Diabetes ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Lower risk ,White People ,Chemical compounds ,03 medical and health sciences ,Medicine, General & Internal ,General & Internal Medicine ,Internal medicine ,Organic compounds ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Genome-Wide Association Studies ,medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Genetics ,Humans ,Statistical Methods ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Computational Biology ,Human Genetics ,Odds ratio ,Mendelian Randomization Analysis ,Genome Analysis ,medicine.disease ,Metabolism ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Genetic Loci ,Metabolic Disorders ,Relative risk ,Dietary Supplements ,GENETIC-DETERMINANTS ,business ,Mathematics ,Genètica ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
Background Prior research suggested a differential association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) metabolites with type 2 diabetes (T2D), with total 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 inversely associated with T2D, but the epimeric form (C3-epi-25(OH)D3) positively associated with T2D. Whether or not these observational associations are causal remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the potential causality of these associations using Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis. Methods and findings We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for total 25(OH)D (N = 120,618), 25(OH)D3 (N = 40,562), and C3-epi-25(OH)D3 (N = 40,562) in participants of European descent (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition [EPIC]–InterAct study, EPIC-Norfolk study, EPIC-CVD study, Ely study, and the SUNLIGHT consortium). We identified genetic variants for MR analysis to investigate the causal association of the 25(OH)D metabolites with T2D (including 80,983 T2D cases and 842,909 non-cases). We also estimated the observational association of 25(OH)D metabolites with T2D by performing random effects meta-analysis of results from previous studies and results from the EPIC-InterAct study. We identified 10 genetic loci associated with total 25(OH)D, 7 loci associated with 25(OH)D3 and 3 loci associated with C3-epi-25(OH)D3. Based on the meta-analysis of observational studies, each 1–standard deviation (SD) higher level of 25(OH)D was associated with a 20% lower risk of T2D (relative risk [RR]: 0.80; 95% CI 0.77, 0.84; p < 0.001), but a genetically predicted 1-SD increase in 25(OH)D was not significantly associated with T2D (odds ratio [OR]: 0.96; 95% CI 0.89, 1.03; p = 0.23); this result was consistent across sensitivity analyses. In EPIC-InterAct, 25(OH)D3 (per 1-SD) was associated with a lower risk of T2D (RR: 0.81; 95% CI 0.77, 0.86; p < 0.001), while C3-epi-25(OH)D3 (above versus below lower limit of quantification) was positively associated with T2D (RR: 1.12; 95% CI 1.03, 1.22; p = 0.006), but neither 25(OH)D3 (OR: 0.97; 95% CI 0.93, 1.01; p = 0.14) nor C3-epi-25(OH)D3 (OR: 0.98; 95% CI 0.93, 1.04; p = 0.53) was causally associated with T2D risk in the MR analysis. Main limitations include the lack of a non-linear MR analysis and of the generalisability of the current findings from European populations to other populations of different ethnicities. Conclusions Our study found discordant associations of biochemically measured and genetically predicted differences in blood 25(OH)D with T2D risk. The findings based on MR analysis in a large sample of European ancestry do not support a causal association of total 25(OH)D or 25(OH)D metabolites with T2D and argue against the use of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of T2D., Using both observational and genetic analyses, Ju-Sheng Zheng and colleagues investigate the relationship between vitamin D metabolites and type 2 diabetes among European individuals., Author summary Why was this study done? There is ongoing uncertainty on whether the body’s vitamin D status indicated by blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is relevant to the prevention of type 2 diabetes. There are conflicting findings from observational studies and a limited number of randomised controlled trials. Prior research did not distinguish between different metabolites of total 25(OH)D, including 25(OH)D3 and C3-epi-25(OH)D3, an isomer of 25(OH)D3. It is not clear whether the associations of 25(OH)D metabolites with type 2 diabetes are causal, with conflicting findings from prior Mendelian randomisation studies of total 25(OH)D and no previous Mendelian randomisation studies appraising 25(OH)D metabolites. What did the researchers do and find? The current research compared observational estimates of the association between 25(OH)D metabolites and incident type 2 diabetes with Mendelian randomisation estimates based on genetic instruments. Using multiple data sources, we performed genome-wide association studies among 120,618 individuals for total 25(OH)D, and among 40,562 individuals for the other vitamin D metabolites. Among participants of European descent, 10 genetic loci were identified for total 25(OH)D, 7 loci for 25(OH)D3 and 3 loci for C3-epi-25(OH)D3. In meta-analysis of observational studies, we found that each 1–standard deviation higher level of total 25(OH)D was associated with 20% lower risk of type 2 diabetes. The result was similar for 25(OH)D3, but for C3-epi-25(OH)D3, a positive association with type 2 diabetes was found. With up to 80,983 type 2 diabetes cases and 842,909 controls, we assessed the association of genetically predicted differences in total 25(OH)D and its metabolites with type 2 diabetes. Neither genetically predicted higher total 25(OH)D level nor genetically predicted higher levels of 25(OH)D metabolites were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes. What do these findings mean? There were conflicting findings for a link with type 2 diabetes for the observational analysis of biochemically measured 25(OH)D metabolites versus the genetically predicted levels of these metabolites. The null findings based on Mendelian randomisation analysis indicate that blood levels of 25(OH)D or its metabolites are not likely to be causal factors for the development of type 2 diabetes. The current findings together with other evidence from randomised controlled trials do not support the use of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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- 2020
113. Consumption of milk and other dairy products and incidence of Parkinson's disease: a prospective cohort study in French women.
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Hajji-Louati M, Portugal B, Correia E, Laouali N, Lee PC, Artaud F, Roze E, Mancini FR, and Elbaz A
- Abstract
Previous studies showed positive associations between milk intake and Parkinson's disease (PD) in men but not in women, but few studies were available in women. Due to the long prodromal PD phase, reverse causation represents a major threat to investigations of diet in PD; cohort studies with a long follow-up are needed. We investigated associations between intake of milk and other dairy products with PD incidence in women from the E3N cohort study (1993-2018). PD diagnoses were validated using medical records and drug claim databases. Diet was assessed via a dietary questionnaire. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models. Exposures were lagged by 5y in main analyses and longer lags in sensitivity analyses. We examined the impact of adjustment for premotor symptoms (constipation/depression). During a mean follow-up of 18.8y, 845 of 71,542 women developed PD. Main analyses showed a J-shaped association between total milk intake and PD (P-non linearity = 0.045), with a significant linear positive association among drinkers (HR/1-SD = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.01-1.18, P = 0.024), that was explained in secondary analyses by a different pattern of association for plain milk (alone or with cereals) and milk added to drinks (tea/coffee/chicory). PD incidence increased significantly with plain milk consumption (HR/1-SD = 1.08 [1.02-1.14], P = 0.014). A U-shaped relation was observed for milk added to drinks (P-non linearity = 0.038), with lower PD incidence in women with moderate consumption (HR = 0.77 [0.61-0.97], P = 0.030) and no difference between non-drinkers and those with the highest consumption (HR = 0.98 [0.79-1.21], P = 0.848). Findings were similar in analyses using longer lags and adjusted for constipation/depression. Consumption of other dairy products was not associated with PD. A J-shaped association between total milk intake and PD was explained by a different pattern of association for plain milk intake and milk added to drinks. Reverse causation is unlikely to explain a positive association of plain milk with PD incidence in women. The U-shaped relation for milk added to drinks could be explained by an interaction between milk and coffee/tea/chicory. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms., (© 2024. Springer Nature B.V.)
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- 2024
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114. Macronutrient composition of plant-based diets and breast cancer risk: the E3N prospective cohort study.
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Koemel NA, Shah S, Senior AM, Severi G, Mancini FR, Gill TP, Simpson SJ, Raubenheimer D, Boutron-Ruault MC, Laouali N, and Skilton MR
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- Female, Humans, Cohort Studies, Follow-Up Studies, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology, Breast Neoplasms etiology, Breast Neoplasms prevention & control, Diet, Plant-Based methods, Diet, Plant-Based statistics & numerical data, Nutrients administration & dosage, Nutrients analysis
- Abstract
Purpose: Recent evidence suggests that plant-based diets may reduce the risk of breast cancer (BC). However, the macronutrient composition of plant-based diets and its potential impact on BC risk has not been well explored. This analysis investigated the association of macronutrient composition with BC risk across a spectrum of plant-based diet indexes using a multidimensional approach., Design: This study followed 64,655 participants from the Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale (E3N) cohort from 1993 to 2014. Diets were evaluated using validated 208-item diet history questionnaires at baseline (1993) and follow-up (2005), to calculate adherence to the overall plant-based diet (PDI), healthful plant-based diet (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet (uPDI). The association of macronutrient composition with BC risk was assessed via generalized additive time-dependent Cox models across different levels of these indexes. Response surfaces were generated to visualize compositional associations at the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile of each index (low, moderate, and high)., Results: A total of 3,932 incident BC cases were identified during the 21-year follow-up. There was a significant association between macronutrient composition and BC risk for hPDI, uPDI, and PDI (all P < 0.001). Akaike information criterion favored the hPDI model for characterizing the association between macronutrients and BC. BC risk was highest for individuals with a lower hPDI score who also consumed a diet containing lower protein (10%), lower carbohydrate (35%), and higher fat (55%). The lowest risk of BC was observed in those with higher hPDI scores with the lowest intake of protein (10%). At higher PDI and uPDI, diets containing higher protein (30%) and fat (45%) had the highest BC risk., Conclusion: These results demonstrate a complex relationship between macronutrient composition, plant-based diet quality, and BC risk. Further research is needed to examine specific foods that may be driving these associations., Registry: The protocol is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03285230., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.)
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- 2024
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115. High adherence to the French dietary guidelines decreases type 2 diabetes risk in females through pathways of obesity markers: Evidence from the E3N-EPIC prospective cohort study.
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Seck D, Shah S, Correia E, Marques C, Varraso R, Gaye B, Boutron-Ruault MC, and Laouali N
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- Humans, Female, Middle Aged, France epidemiology, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Adult, Waist-Hip Ratio, Biomarkers blood, Cohort Studies, Proportional Hazards Models, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 prevention & control, Obesity, Nutrition Policy, Body Mass Index
- Abstract
Objective: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been associated with low adherence to the 2017 French food-based dietary guidelines, as assessed by the Programme National Nutrition Santé - guidelines score 2 (PNNS-GS2). Whether the association between T2D and PNNS-GS2 is direct or mediated by obesity has been little investigated., Research Methods: The study included 71,450 women from the E3N-EPIC cohort, mean age of 52.9 y (SD 6.7). The simplified PNNS-GS2 was derived via food history questionnaire. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of T2D. Causal mediation analyses were used to decompose the total effect of sPNNS-GS2 on T2D into a direct effect and indirect effect mediated by body mass index (BMI) or the waist-hip ratio (WHR)., Results: During a mean follow-up of 19 y, 3679 incident T2D cases were identified and validated. There was a linear association between adherence to sPNNS-GS2 and T2D (P-nonlinearity = 0.92). In the fully adjusted model, each 1-SD increase in the sPNNS-GS2 was associated with a lower T2D risk [HR (95% CI), 0.92 (0.89, 0.95)]. The overall associations were mainly explained by sPNNS-GS2-associated excess weight, with BMI and WHR mediating 52% and 58% of the associations, respectively., Conclusions: Higher adherence to French food-based dietary guidelines was associated with a lower risk of T2D in women, and a significant portion of this effect could be attributed to excess weight measured by BMI or WHR. This finding helps better understand the mechanisms underlying the diet-T2D association., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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116. Hepatic steatosis, metabolic dysfunction and risk of mortality: findings from a multinational prospective cohort study.
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Mayén AL, Sabra M, Aglago EK, Perlemuter G, Voican C, Ramos I, Debras C, Blanco J, Viallon V, Ferrari P, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Langmann F, Dahm CC, Rothwell J, Laouali N, Marques C, Schulze MB, Katzke V, Kaaks R, Palli D, Macciotta A, Panico S, Tumino R, Agnoli C, Farràs M, Molina-Montes E, Amiano P, Chirlaque MD, Castilla J, Werner M, Bodén S, Heath AK, Tsilidis K, Aune D, Weiderpass E, Freisling H, Gunter MJ, and Jenab M
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- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Adult, Aged, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Fatty Liver mortality, Metabolic Syndrome mortality, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease mortality
- Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are implicated in the aetiology of non-communicable diseases. Our study aimed to evaluate associations between NAFLD and MetS with overall and cause-specific mortality., Methods: We used dietary, lifestyle, anthropometric and metabolic biomarker data from a random subsample of 15,784 EPIC cohort participants. NAFLD was assessed using the fatty liver index (FLI) and MetS using the revised definition. Indices for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) were calculated. The individual associations of these indices with overall and cause-specific mortality were assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). As a subobjective, risk associations with adaptations of new classifications of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic and alcohol-related liver disease (MetALD) were also assessed., Results: Among the 15,784 sub-cohort participants, a total of 1997 deaths occurred (835 due to cancer, 520 to CVD, 642 to other causes) over a median 15.6 (IQR, 12.3-17.1) years of follow-up. Compared to an FLI < 30, FLI ≥ 60 was associated with increased risks of overall mortality (HR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.27-1.63), and deaths from cancer (HR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.09-1.60), CVD (HR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.61-2.63) or other causes (HR = 1.21, 95%CI = 0.97-1.51). Mortality risk associations were also elevated for individuals with MAFLD compared to those without. Individuals with MetS were at increased risk of all mortality endpoints, except cancer-specific mortality. MASLD and MetALD were associated with higher risk of overall mortality., Conclusions: Our findings based on a prospective cohort suggest that individuals with hepatic steatosis or metabolic dysfunction have a higher overall and cause-specific mortality risk., (© 2024. World Health Organization.)
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- 2024
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117. Conflict of Interest Disclosure in Oncology: Preliminary Insights From the Global ONCOTRUST-1 Cross-Sectional Study.
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El Bairi K, Najem S, Chowdhury AR, Omar A, Abdihamid O, Teuwen LA, Benhima N, Madariaga A, Elkefi S, Diaz FC, Hussain S, Jenei K, Hammad N, Mutebi M, Rubagumya F, Trapani D, El Kadmiri N, Laouali N, and Fourtassi M
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- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Male, Adult, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Oncologists psychology, Pilot Projects, Developing Countries, Conflict of Interest, Disclosure, Medical Oncology ethics
- Abstract
Purpose: Conflicts of interest (COIs) between oncologists and industry might considerably influence how the presentation of the research results is delivered, ultimately affecting clinical decisions and policy-making. Although there are many regulations on reporting COI in high-income countries (HICs), little is known about their reporting in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Oncology Transparency Under Scrutiny and Tracking (ONCOTRUST-1) is a pilot global survey to explore the knowledge and perceptions of oncologists regarding COI., Materials and Methods: We designed an online 27-question-based survey in the English language to explore the perceptions and knowledge of oncologists regarding COI, with an emphasis on LMICs. Descriptive statistics and the Consensus-Based Checklist for Reporting of Survey Studies guidelines were used to report the findings., Results: ONCOTRUST-1 surveyed 200 oncologists, 70.9% of them practicing in LMICs. Median age of the respondents was 36 (range, 26-84) years; 47.5% of them were women. Of the respondents, 40.5% reported weekly visits by pharmaceutical representatives to their institutions. Regarding oncologists' perceptions of COI that require disclosure, direct financial benefits, such as honoraria, ranked highest (58.5%), followed by gifts from pharmaceutical representatives (50%) and travel grants for attending conferences (44.5%). By contrast, personal or institutional research funding, sample drugs, consulting or advisory board, expert testimony, and food and beverage funded by pharmaceutical industry were less frequently considered as COI. Moreover, only 24% of surveyed oncologists could correctly categorize all situations representing a COI., Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of clear guidelines, education, and transparency in reporting COI in oncology. This hypothesis-generating pilot survey provided the rationale for ONCOTRUST-2 study, which will compare perceptions of COI among oncologists in LMICs and HICs.
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- 2024
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118. Association between dietary intake of acrylamide and increased risk of mortality in women: Evidence from the E3N prospective cohort.
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Marques C, Frenoy P, Elbaz A, Laouali N, Shah S, Severi G, and Mancini FR
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- Humans, Female, Risk Factors, Prospective Studies, Feeding Behavior, Diet, Eating, Acrylamide adverse effects, Lung Neoplasms
- Abstract
Acrylamide is an organic compound classified as probably carcinogenic to humans because of sufficient evidence in animals but not in humans. Other health risks associated with acrylamide intake are still not fully elucidated. We aimed to study the relationship between acrylamide dietary intake and mortality in the E3N (Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de l'Education Nationale) French cohort. We studied 72,585 women of the E3N prospective cohort, which completed a food frequency questionnaire in 1993. The E3N food consumption database and the food contamination database obtained from the second French total diet study were used to estimate participants' average daily acrylamide dietary intake. We estimated the associations between acrylamide dietary intake and all-cause or cause-specific mortality using Cox proportional hazard models. During follow-up (1993-2014), we identified 6441 deaths. The mean acrylamide dietary intake was 32.6 μg/day, with coffee consumption as principal contributor (48.6 %). In the fully adjusted model, we found a non-linear association between acrylamide dietary intake and all-cause mortality and a linear positive association with cardiovascular disease (HR per one STD increment [95%CI]: 1.11 [1.02; 1.21]), all-cancer (HR [95%CI]: 1.05 [1.01; 1.10]) and lung cancer (HR [95%CI]: 1.22 [1.09; 1.38]) mortality, while we observed no association with breast (HR [95%CI]: 0.94 [0.86; 1.03]) and colorectal (HR [95%CI]: 1.12 [0.97; 1.29]) cancer mortality. We highlighted an interaction between acrylamide dietary intake and smoking status in the models for all-cause and all-cancer mortality: when stratifying on smoking status, statistically significant positive associations were observed only in current smokers. This study on a large prospective cohort following more than 70,000 women for over 20 years suggests that higher acrylamide dietary intakes are associated with an increased risk of mortality. Therefore, it is essential to keep reducing acrylamide contamination and prevent dietary intake of acrylamide, especially among smokers., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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119. Association between endometriosis and risk of type 2 diabetes: Results from the prospective E3N cohort.
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Vaduva P, Laouali N, Fagherazzi G, Gelot A, Bonnet F, and Kvaskoff M
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- Female, Humans, Risk Factors, Prospective Studies, Proportional Hazards Models, Endometriosis complications, Endometriosis epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Diet, Mediterranean, Infertility
- Abstract
Objective: Several studies suggest an association between endometriosis and the risk of cardio-metabolic diseases. This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the association between history of endometriosis and incident type 2 diabetes., Study Design: E3N is a prospective cohort of 98,995 French women aged 40-65 years at inclusion. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for the association between endometriosis and incident type 2 diabetes. We evaluated effect modification by age, body mass index, infertility treatment, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and menopausal status., Results: Age at inclusion was 51 ± 6 years and there were 2672 incident cases of type 2 diabetes. A total of 4606 women reported surgically-confirmed endometriosis among 83,582 women with no history of diabetes at inclusion. Endometriosis was not associated with type 2 diabetes risk in a model adjusted for age, BMI, physical activity, smoking, education, age at menarche and oral contraceptive use (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.09; 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 0.92-1.29), neither after further adjustment for family history of diabetes, hypertension and menopausal status (HR = 0.97;95%CI = 0.80-1.16). The relationship did not differ by age at inclusion, BMI, infertility treatment, diet or menopausal status (p > 0.05)., Conclusions: Surgically-confirmed endometriosis was not associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes in this large cohort, confirming that endometriosis is not a risk marker for type 2 diabetes., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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120. Dietary Inflammatory Index and risk of breast cancer: evidence from a prospective cohort of 67,879 women followed for 20 years in France.
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Hajji-Louati M, Gelot A, Frenoy P, Laouali N, Guénel P, and Romana Mancini F
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- Humans, Female, Cohort Studies, Prospective Studies, Diet adverse effects, Risk Factors, Inflammation epidemiology, Inflammation etiology, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Inflammation is implicated in breast cancer development, and diet is one of the modifiable risk factors involved in the regulation of chronic inflammation. Previous studies on the association between breast cancer risk and Dietary Inflammatory Indexes (DII) derived from food frequency questionnaires and data on inflammatory potential of dietary components have reported inconsistent results., Objective: To investigate the association between the DII and the risk of breast cancer using data from a large population-based cohort study., Design: A total of 67,879 women from the E3N cohort were followed from 1993 to 2014. A total of 5686 breast cancer cases were diagnosed during the follow-up. The food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline in 1993 was used to calculate an adapted DII. Cox proportional hazard models using age as the time scale were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Spline regression was used to determine any dose-response relationship. We also evaluated effect modification by menopausal status, body mass index, smoking status and alcohol consumption., Results: The median DII score of the study population was slightly pro-inflammatory (DII = + 0.39); ranged from - 4.68 in the lowest quintile to + 4.29 in the highest quintile. The HR increased linearly with the DII (HR per 1SD = 1.04 [95% CI: 1.01, 1.07]), and reached 1.13 [95% CI: 1.04, 1.23] in the 5th quintile group as compared to the first. A positive linear dose-response relationship was also observed when modeling DII with spline functions. Slightly higher HRs were observed in non-smokers (HR
for 1-SD increase 1.06 [95% CI: 1.02, 1.10]; p trend = 0.001) and in low-alcohol consumers (≤ 1 glass/day) (HRfor 1-SD increase 1.05 [95% CI: 1.01, 1.08]; p trend = 0.002)., Conclusion: Our results suggest a positive association between DII and breast cancer risk. Consequently, the promotion of anti-inflammatory diet may contribute to breast cancer prevention., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.)- Published
- 2023
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121. Associations between dietary inflammatory scores and biomarkers of inflammation in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.
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Lécuyer L, Laouali N, Viallon V, Artaud F, Hébert JR, Shivappa N, Agudo A, Tjønneland A, Mellemkjær L, Kaaks R, Katzke VA, Schulze MB, Frenoy P, Mancini FR, De Magistris MS, Macciotta A, Masala G, Agnoli C, Tumino R, Boer JMA, Verschuren WMM, Enget Jensen TM, Olsen KS, Skeie G, Chirlaque MD, Petrova D, Castro-Espin C, Quirós JR, Guevara M, Amiano P, Borné Y, Sandström M, Nilsson LM, Heath AK, Mayen AL, Huybrechts I, Weiderpass E, Boutron-Ruault MC, Dossus L, Rinaldi S, and Truong T
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- Adult, Humans, Adiponectin, Prospective Studies, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Inflammation, Biomarkers, Diet, C-Reactive Protein metabolism, Leptin, Neoplasms
- Abstract
Background: Since the first version of the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) developed in the past decade, several other versions have been developed. However, to date no study has attempted to compare these versions with respect to their associations with biomarkers of inflammation., Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between four dietary inflammatory scores [DII, two energy-adjusted derivatives (E-DII and E-DII
r ), and the Inflammatory Score of the Diet (ISD)], and circulating levels of several inflammatory markers and adipokines., Methods: This study included 17 637 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort with at least one marker of inflammation measured in blood. Associations between the four scores and C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)6, IL10, IL1RA, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (sTNFR1), sTNFR2, leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sLeptin R), adiponectin, and High Molecular Weight (HMW) adiponectin were evaluated using multivariable linear regressions adjusted for potential confounders., Results: Positive associations were observed between the four dietary inflammatory scores and levels of CRP, IL6, sTNFR1, sTNFR2 and leptin. However, only the DII and the ISD were positively associated with IL1RA levels and only the DII and the E-DIIr were positively associated with TNFα levels. The proportion of variance of each biomarker explained by the scores was lower than 2%, which was equivalent to the variance explained by smoking status but much lower than that explained by body mass index., Conclusions: Our results suggest that the four dietary inflammatory scores were associated with some biomarkers of inflammation and could be used to assess the inflammatory potential of diet in European adults but are not sufficient to capture the inflammatory status of an individual. These findings can help to better understand the inflammatory potential of diet, but they need to be replicated in studies with repeated dietary measurements., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest Dr. James R. Hébert owns controlling interest in Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), a company that has licensed the right to his invention of the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) from the University of South Carolina in order to develop computer and smartphone applications for patient counseling and dietary intervention in clinical settings. Dr. Nitin Shivappa is an employee of CHI. The subject matter of this paper will not have any direct bearing on that work, nor has CHI-related activity exerted any influence on this project., (Crown Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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122. Prediagnostic serum glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products and mortality among colorectal cancer patients.
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Mao Z, Baker JR, Takeuchi M, Hyogo H, Tjønneland A, Eriksen AK, Severi G, Rothwell J, Laouali N, Katzke V, Kaaks R, Schulze MB, Palli D, Sieri S, de Magistris MS, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Derksen JWG, Gram IT, Skeie G, Sandanger TM, Quirós JR, Crous-Bou M, Sánchez MJ, Amiano P, Colorado-Yohar SM, Guevara M, Harlid S, Johansson I, Perez-Cornago A, Freisling H, Gunter M, Weiderpass E, Heath AK, Aglago E, Jenab M, and Fedirko V
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- Humans, Glyceraldehyde, Prospective Studies, Body Mass Index, Glycation End Products, Advanced, Colorectal Neoplasms
- Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products (glycer-AGEs) could contribute to colorectal cancer development and progression due to their pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory properties. However, the association of glycer-AGEs with mortality after colorectal cancer diagnosis has not been previously investigated. Circulating glycer-AGEs were measured by competitive ELISA. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations of circulating glycer-AGEs concentrations with CRC-specific and all-cause mortality among 1034 colorectal cancer (CRC) cases identified within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study between 1993 and 2013. During a mean of 48 months of follow-up, 529 participants died (409 from CRC). Glycer-AGEs were statistically significantly positively associated with CRC-specific (HR
Q5 vs Q1 = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.04-2.25, Ptrend = .002) and all-cause (HRQ5 vs Q1 = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.16-2.26, Ptrend < .001) mortality among individuals with CRC. There was suggestion of a stronger association between glycer-AGEs and CRC-specific mortality among patients with distal colon cancer (per SD increment: HRproximal colon = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.74-1.42; HRdistal colon = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.20-1.91; Peffect modification = .02). The highest HR was observed among CRC cases in the highest body mass index (BMI) and glycer-AGEs category relative to lowest BMI and glycer-AGEs category for both CRC-specific (HR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.02-3.01) and all-cause mortality (HR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.33-3.47), although no statistically significant effect modification was observed. Our study found that prediagnostic circulating glycer-AGEs are positively associated with CRC-specific and all-cause mortality among individuals with CRC. Further investigations in other populations and stratifying by tumor location and BMI are warranted., (© 2023 UICC.)- Published
- 2023
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123. Palaeolithic diet score and risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women overall and by hormone receptor and histologic subtypes.
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Shah S, Mahamat-Saleh Y, Hajji-Louati M, Correia E, Oulhote Y, Boutron-Ruault MC, and Laouali N
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- Humans, Animals, Female, Postmenopause, Diet, Paleolithic, Ethanol, Vegetables, Hormones, Risk Factors, Diet, Neoplasms, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: The Palaeolithic diet (PD) has gained popularity globally. There is emerging evidence of its putative health benefits as short-term effects on chronic diseases have been reported. We evaluated the association between long-term adherence to the PD and breast cancer (BC) risk among postmenopausal women., Methods: 65,574 women from the Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale (E3N) cohort were followed from 1993 to 2014. Incident BC cases were identified and validated. The PD score was calculated using dietary intake self-reported at baseline (1993) and follow-up (2005) or baseline only if censored before follow-up. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate BC hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI)., Results: Over a mean follow-up of 20 years, 3968 incident BC cases occurred. An increase of 1 standard deviation in the PD score was associated with an 8% lower BC risk, fully-adjusted model: HR
1-SD 0.92, 95% CI; 0.89, 0.95. Compared to women with low adherence to the PD, women with high adherence had a 17% lower BC risk, HRQ5 vs Q1 0.83, 95% CI; 0.75, 0.92, Ptrend < 0.01. When considering BC subtypes, we observed the same pattern of association (Pheterogeneity > 0.10 for all)., Conclusions: High adherence to a PD characterised by fruit, vegetables, nuts, fish, and lean meat and limited in dairy, grains, legumes, refined sugar, and alcohol was associated with a lower BC risk. The lack of heterogeneity according to BC subtypes could indicate the involvement of non-hormonal mechanisms. The protocol is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03285230., Registry: The protocol is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03285230., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)- Published
- 2023
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124. Changes in Lifestyle and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition.
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Botteri E, Peveri G, Berstad P, Bagnardi V, Chen SLF, Sandanger TM, Hoff G, Dahm CC, Antoniussen CS, Tjønneland A, Eriksen AK, Skeie G, Perez-Cornago A, Huerta JM, Jakszyn P, Harlid S, Sundström B, Barricarte A, Monninkhof EM, Derksen JWG, Schulze MB, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Sánchez MJ, Cross AJ, Tsilidis KK, De Magistris MS, Kaaks R, Katzke V, Rothwell JA, Laouali N, Severi G, Amiano P, Contiero P, Sacerdote C, Goldberg M, Touvier M, Freisling H, Viallon V, Weiderpass E, Riboli E, Gunter MJ, Jenab M, and Ferrari P
- Subjects
- Humans, Risk Factors, Prospective Studies, Nutritional Status, Life Style, Colorectal Neoplasms epidemiology, Colorectal Neoplasms prevention & control
- Abstract
Introduction: We investigated the impact of changes in lifestyle habits on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in a multicountry European cohort., Methods: We used baseline and follow-up questionnaire data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort to assess changes in lifestyle habits and their associations with CRC development. We calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and physical activity collected at the 2 time points. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavorable) to 16 (most favorable). We estimated the association between HLI changes and CRC risk using Cox regression models and reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)., Results: Among 295,865 participants, 2,799 CRC cases were observed over a median of 7.8 years. The median time between questionnaires was 5.7 years. Each unit increase in HLI from the baseline to the follow-up assessment was associated with a statistically significant 3% lower CRC risk. Among participants in the top tertile at baseline (HLI > 11), those in the bottom tertile at follow-up (HLI ≤ 9) had a higher CRC risk (HR 1.34; 95% CI 1.02-1.75) than those remaining in the top tertile. Among individuals in the bottom tertile at baseline, those in the top tertile at follow-up had a lower risk (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.59-1.00) than those remaining in the bottom tertile., Discussion: Improving adherence to a healthy lifestyle was inversely associated with CRC risk, while worsening adherence was positively associated with CRC risk. These results justify and support recommendations for healthy lifestyle changes and healthy lifestyle maintenance for CRC prevention., (Copyright © 2022 by The American College of Gastroenterology.)
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- 2023
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125. Inflammatory potential of the diet and association with risk of differentiated thyroid cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.
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Lécuyer L, Laouali N, Dossus L, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Agudo A, Tjonneland A, Halkjaer J, Overvad K, Katzke VA, Le Cornet C, Schulze MB, Jannasch F, Palli D, Agnoli C, Tumino R, Dragna L, Iannuzzo G, Jensen TE, Brustad M, Skeie G, Zamora-Ros R, Rodriguez-Barranco M, Amiano P, Chirlaque MD, Ardanaz E, Almquist M, Sonestedt E, Sandström M, Nilsson LM, Weiderpass E, Huybrechts I, Rinaldi S, Boutron-Ruault MC, and Truong T
- Subjects
- Adult, Cohort Studies, Diet adverse effects, Humans, Inflammation etiology, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Adenocarcinoma, Thyroid Neoplasms epidemiology, Thyroid Neoplasms etiology
- Abstract
Purpose: Chronic inflammation is thought to initiate or promote differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and previous studies have shown that diet can modulate this inflammatory process. We aimed to evaluate the association of several dietary scores reflecting the inflammatory potential of the diet with DTC risk., Methods: Within the EPIC cohort, 450,063 participants were followed during a mean period of 14 years, and 712 newly incident DTC cases were identified. Associations between four dietary inflammatory scores [the dietary inflammatory index (DII
® ) and two energy-adjusted derivatives (the E-DIIr and the E-DIId ), and the Inflammatory Score of the Diet (ISD)] and DTC risk were evaluated in the EPIC cohort using multivariable Cox regression models., Results: Positive associations were observed between DTC risk and the DIIs (HR for 1 SD increase in DII: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.23, similar results for its derivatives), but not with the ISD (HR for 1 SD increase: 1.04, 95% CI 0.93, 1.16)., Conclusion: Diet-associated inflammation, as estimated by the DII and its derivatives, was weakly positively associated with DTC risk in a European adult population. These results suggesting that diet-associated inflammation acts in the etiology of DTC need to be validated in independent studies., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.)- Published
- 2022
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126. Plasma Vitamin C and Type 2 Diabetes: Genome-Wide Association Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis in European Populations.
- Author
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Zheng JS, Luan J, Sofianopoulou E, Imamura F, Stewart ID, Day FR, Pietzner M, Wheeler E, Lotta LA, Gundersen TE, Amiano P, Ardanaz E, Chirlaque MD, Fagherazzi G, Franks PW, Kaaks R, Laouali N, Mancini FR, Nilsson PM, Onland-Moret NC, Olsen A, Overvad K, Panico S, Palli D, Ricceri F, Rolandsson O, Spijkerman AMW, Sánchez MJ, Schulze MB, Sala N, Sieri S, Tjønneland A, Tumino R, van der Schouw YT, Weiderpass E, Riboli E, Danesh J, Butterworth AS, Sharp SJ, Langenberg C, Forouhi NG, and Wareham NJ
- Subjects
- Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Ascorbic Acid blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 genetics
- Abstract
Objective: Higher plasma vitamin C levels are associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk, but whether this association is causal is uncertain. To investigate this, we studied the association of genetically predicted plasma vitamin C with type 2 diabetes., Research Design and Methods: We conducted genome-wide association studies of plasma vitamin C among 52,018 individuals of European ancestry to discover novel genetic variants. We performed Mendelian randomization analyses to estimate the association of genetically predicted differences in plasma vitamin C with type 2 diabetes in up to 80,983 case participants and 842,909 noncase participants. We compared this estimate with the observational association between plasma vitamin C and incident type 2 diabetes, including 8,133 case participants and 11,073 noncase participants., Results: We identified 11 genomic regions associated with plasma vitamin C ( P < 5 × 10
-8 ), with the strongest signal at SLC23A1 , and 10 novel genetic loci including SLC23A3 , CHPT1 , BCAS3 , SNRPF , RER1 , MAF , GSTA5 , RGS14 , AKT1 , and FADS1 . Plasma vitamin C was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio per SD 0.88; 95% CI 0.82, 0.94), but there was no association between genetically predicted plasma vitamin C (excluding FADS1 variant due to its apparent pleiotropic effect) and type 2 diabetes (1.03; 95% CI 0.96, 1.10)., Conclusions: These findings indicate discordance between biochemically measured and genetically predicted plasma vitamin C levels in the association with type 2 diabetes among European populations. The null Mendelian randomization findings provide no strong evidence to suggest the use of vitamin C supplementation for type 2 diabetes prevention., (© 2020 by the American Diabetes Association.)- Published
- 2021
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127. Replacement of Red and Processed Meat With Other Food Sources of Protein and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in European Populations: The EPIC-InterAct Study.
- Author
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Ibsen DB, Steur M, Imamura F, Overvad K, Schulze MB, Bendinelli B, Guevara M, Agudo A, Amiano P, Aune D, Barricarte A, Ericson U, Fagherazzi G, Franks PW, Freisling H, Quiros JR, Grioni S, Heath AK, Huybrechts I, Katze V, Laouali N, Mancini F, Masala G, Olsen A, Papier K, Ramne S, Rolandsson O, Sacerdote C, Sánchez MJ, Santiuste C, Simeon V, Spijkerman AMW, Srour B, Tjønneland A, Tong TYN, Tumino R, van der Schouw YT, Weiderpass E, Wittenbecher C, Sharp SJ, Riboli E, Forouhi NG, and Wareham NJ
- Subjects
- Aged, Animals, Europe epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Milk, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Seafood, Self Report, Yogurt, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 prevention & control, Diet, Red Meat adverse effects
- Abstract
Objective: There is sparse evidence for the association of suitable food substitutions for red and processed meat on the risk of type 2 diabetes. We modeled the association between replacing red and processed meat with other protein sources and the risk of type 2 diabetes and estimated its population impact., Research Design and Methods: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-InterAct case cohort included 11,741 individuals with type 2 diabetes and a subcohort of 15,450 participants in eight countries. We modeled the replacement of self-reported red and processed meat with poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, cheese, cereals, yogurt, milk, and nuts. Country-specific hazard ratios (HRs) for incident type 2 diabetes were estimated by Prentice-weighted Cox regression and pooled using random-effects meta-analysis., Results: There was a lower hazard for type 2 diabetes for the modeled replacement of red and processed meat (50 g/day) with cheese (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.97) (30 g/day), yogurt (0.90, 0.86-0.95) (70 g/day), nuts (0.90, 0.84-0.96) (10 g/day), or cereals (0.92, 0.88-0.96) (30 g/day) but not for replacements with poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, or milk. If a causal association is assumed, replacing red and processed meat with cheese, yogurt, or nuts could prevent 8.8%, 8.3%, or 7.5%, respectively, of new cases of type 2 diabetes., Conclusions: Replacement of red and processed meat with cheese, yogurt, nuts, or cereals was associated with a lower rate of type 2 diabetes. Substituting red and processed meat by other protein sources may contribute to the prevention of incident type 2 diabetes in European populations., (© 2020 by the American Diabetes Association.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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