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Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) aided by catalysts can efficiently degrade organic pollutants and decontaminate wastewater. In this work, a highly active catalyst composed of FeMn-functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (FeMn–C3N4) for AOPs is synthesized via a green synthetic route, involving a small amount of water and no organic solvents. The synthesis also produces only minimal wastewater as a biproduct. The material contains uniformly dispersed Fe and Mn atoms in the framework of g-C3N4. It shows a unique and high catalytic activity for three AOPs, namely a Fenton-like reaction, persulfate activation and visible-light photocatalysis, while also being reusable several times afterwards. Its catalytic activity is 2.6- to 8.0-fold higher than that of g-C3N4 in all three reactions. The optimal reaction conditions for the catalyst are determined, and the mechanisms by which it drives the reactions are proposed. Notably, the Fe and Mn species present in it contribute substantially to its enhanced catalytic activity. Moreover, compared with g-C3N4, FeMn–C3N4 has a narrower band gap and helps generate more ˙OH, SO4˙− and 1O2 species during the reaction. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of FeMn–C3N4 are more delocalized than those of g-C3N4. As a result, the former shows enhanced photo-induced charge carrier separation. This highly active catalyst obtained with a facile synthetic route for these three aforementioned AOPs can have great potential for water treatment and environmental remediation applications.

Micro/nanoplastic pollution is an emerging concern all over the world as it has a certain impact on the eco-environment and human health. In this study, cellulose/MgAl layered double hydroxides (LDHs) composite beads were prepared for the removal of polystyrene nanoparticles by utilizing the porous properties of cellulose and the unique positive charge of LDHs. The effects of pH, contact time, initial concentration, temperature, humic acid, and ionic strength on the attachment of nanoplastics were studied. The microstructure characteristics of the beads were also analyzed before and after the attachment of nanoplastics. The results indicate that nanoplastic attachment probably involves pore diffusion, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions. The attachment behavior can be successfully explained using the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R

To introduce a percutaneous transcalcaneal reconstruction technique for the treatment of acute Achilles tendon insertion avulsion, and to assess its short-term effectiveness.Between January 2014 and June 2020, 25 patients with acute Achilles tendon insertion avulsion were treated with the percutaneous transcalcaneal reconstruction technique. There were 24 males and 1 female, with an average age of 44.1 years (range, 34-60 years). The disease duration was 1-5 days (mean, 1.8 days). There were 23 cases of sports injury and 2 cases of fall injury. The preoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score was 55.6±6.7 and the visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 4.6±0.5. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, related complications, the time of weight-bearing standing with a slightly raised heel, and the time of walking with a slightly raised heel were recorded. The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score and the VAS score were used to evaluate the ankle joint function and the pain. Achilles tendon continuity was examined by color Doppler ultrasonography and healing of the Achilles tendon was examined by MRI. At last follow-up, the Arner-Lindholm scale was used to evaluate the effectiveness.The operation time was 45-50 minutes (mean, 46.8 minutes). The intraoperative blood loss was 10-20 mL (mean, 13.8 mL). The hospital stay was 4-6 days (mean, 4.9 days). The color Doppler ultrasonography before discharge showed the continuous recovery of the Achilles tendon. All incisions healed by first intention, and there was no complication such as sural nerve injury or deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity. All patients were followed up 15-50 months (mean, 30.3 months). After 14-21 days, the patients started to weight-bearing stand with a slightly raised heel, with an average of 17.6 days; they began to walk with a slightly raised heel at 20-28 days, with an average of 23.7 days. MRI showed that the Achilles tendon healed at last follow-up. The AOFAS score was 90.0±3.2 at 6 months after operation and 95.8±4.5 at last follow-up, and the VAS scores were 1.7±0.6 at 6 months and 1.0±0.8 at last follow-up, which were all improved when compared with those before operation (The percutaneous transcalcaneal reconstruction technique is a promising alternative option in treating acute Achilles tendon insertion avulsion, for it can achieve early rehabilitation and better ankle function recovery.探讨经皮经跟骨止点重建治疗急性跟腱止点撕脱疗效。.2014年1月—2020年6月，采用经皮经跟骨止点重建治疗25例急性跟腱止点撕脱患者。其中，男24例，女1例；年龄34～60岁，平均44.1岁。病程1～5 d，平均1.8 d。致伤原因：运动伤23例，摔伤2例。术前美国矫形足踝协会（AOFAS）踝与后足功能评分为（55.6±6.7）分，疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）为（4.6±0.5）分。记录手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、切口愈合情况，术后患者开始垫跟负重站立、垫跟行走时间，以及并发症发生情况。彩色多普勒超声检查跟腱连续性，MRI检查跟腱愈合情况。采用VAS评分、AOFAS踝与后足功能评分评价踝关节疼痛及功能，Arner-Lindholm疗效评定标准评价疗效。.手术时间45～50 min，平均46.8 min；术中出血量10～20 mL，平均13.8 mL；住院时间4～6 d，平均4.9 d。出院前复查彩色多普勒超声提示跟腱连续性恢复。术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合，无腓肠神经损伤、下肢深静脉血栓形成等并发症发生。患者均获随访，随访时间15～50个月，平均30.3个月。术后14～21 d开始垫跟负重站立，平均17.6 d；20～28 d开始垫跟行走，平均23.7 d。末次随访时MRI复查示跟腱均达腱性愈合。AOFAS踝与后足功能评分术后6个月为（90.0±3.2）分、末次随访时为（95.8±4.5）分，VAS评分分别为（1.7±0.6）、（1.0±0.8）分，均较术前改善（经皮经跟骨止点重建治疗急性跟腱止点撕脱并发症较少，术后患者恢复较快，踝关节功能恢复较好。.

BACKGROUND: Since December 2019, a number of patients infected with COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) have been identified in Wuhan, Hubei, China. As the epidemic has spread, similar cases have also been found in other parts of mainland China and abroad. The main reason for this spread is the highly contagious nature of the virus and the fact that children can also become infected during its incubation period. This has made the virus a substantial challenge for the outpatient triage staff of children’s hospitals outside the epidemic area of the Hubei Province. It is very important for the preview and triage personnel to accurately grasp the epidemiology of the virus and identify children’s symptoms in the fever clinic. METHODS: We performed an analysis of our early preview and triage of suspected COVID-19 in 36 children presenting at fever clinics. Two specialists either excluded suspected cases or referred cases to the isolation ward for new nucleic acid testing. RESULTS: All 14 children who were transferred to the isolation ward had a fever, and 71.43% of them had a cough. Their nucleic acid testing results were negative. The suspected cases and excluded suspected cases had similar epidemiology history as well as complete blood count results. With reference to the diagnostic criteria in existing pediatric guidelines, we have further improved the triage screening questionnaire for children with fever in our hospital. CONCLUSIONS: According to the situation in our city and hospital, an evaluation questionnaire that is suitable for use with children in our hospital has been formulated to achieve the goals of early detection, isolation, diagnosis, and treatment. We provided an important basis for the next step in developing accurate preview and triage screening standards and appropriate guidelines for pediatric patients.

The dynamic covalent kinetic resolution was efficiently realized for the synthesis of an enantiopure ((R) -5-acetoxy-1,3-oxathiolan-2-yl)ethyl benzoate (PR) from substrates 2-(phenylmethoxy)acetald...

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether a combined diagnosis of whole-lesion histogram analysis of T1- and T2-weighted imaging based on support vector machine (SVM) can distinguish pheochromocytoma from adrenal adenoma. Methods: A pathology database was retrospectively appraised over a period of 7 years and we obtained 40 histopathologically proven adrenal adenomas and 20 pheochromocytomas with magnetic resonance images. The T1-weighted imaging (T1WI, including both in phase and opposed phase) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) images of each patients were analyzed using Mazda software. Nine parameters were selected as indicators of comparison: variance, skewness, kurtosis, mean, 1st percentile, 10th percentile, 50th percentile, 90th percentile, and 99th percentile. The parameters with differential-diagnosis significance were used to establish the combined diagnostic model of SVM. Results: Among the 9 parameters extracted using histogram analysis, the 1st percentile, 10th percentile, and 50th percentile of T1WI (in phase) and the skewness of T2WI and almost all parameters of T1WI (opposed phase), except variance and 99th percentile, showed statistical significance between groups. Among the above parameters, the area under the curve (AUC) of 10th percentile of T1WI (opposed phase) was the largest with the value of 0.909 (100.0% sensitivity and 80.0% specificity). After the analysis of combined diagnosis was performed, the AUC of SVM model in testing set showed the value of 0.917 (85.0% accuracy). Conclusions: Whole-lesion histogram analysis of T1WI and T2WI may help differentiate adrenal adenomas from pheochromocytomas. Furthermore, the combined diagnosis of T1WI and T2WI histogram based on SVM was more effective than most of individual histogram parameters.

Blood sampling in small laboratory animals is necessary for pharmaceutical lead optimization but can cause great harm and stress to experimental animals, which could potentially affect results. The jugular vein cannulation (JVC) in rats is a widely used model for repeated blood collection but requires adequate training of surgery skills and animal care. This article details the microsurgical procedures for establishing and maintaining a permanent JVC rat model with specific focus on the placement and sealing of the jugular cannula. The importance of monitoring physiological (e.g., body weight, food, and water intake) and hematological parameters, was highlighted with results presented for 6 days post-surgery during the rat's recovery. The drug-plasma concentration-time profile of orally administered natural phenol ellagic acid was determined in the JVC rat model.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors in human beings. Tumor capacity of evading immune-mediated lysis is a critical step in PC malignant progression. We aimed to evaluate the underlying regulatory mechanism of miR-4299 in the proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, and immune escape in PC. miR-4299 and ADAM17 expressions in PC tissues and cell lines were detected using qRT-PCR. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. A luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to confirm the targeted relationship between miR-4299 and ADAM17. Xenograft tumors in nude mice were used to detect tumorigenesis in vivo. PC cells were co-cultured with NK cells for determining the immune escape ability. NKG2D-positive rate of NK cells was detected using flow cytometry; NK cell-killing ability was detected using MTT assay. miR-4299 was downregulated in PC tissues and cell lines. miR-4299 inhibited PC cell proliferation and invasion, promoted cell apoptosis, and reduced PC tumor growth in vivo. ADAM17 3'UTR directly bound to miR-4299. ADAM17 overexpression could reverse miR-4299 effects on PC cell viability, invasion, apoptosis, and immune escape. miR-4299 exerted suppressive effects on PC cell proliferation, invasion, and immune escape via targeting ADAM17 expression. This study revealed a novel miR-4299/ADAM17 axis-modulating PC progression and proposed to concern the immune regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in PC development.

5-HTsub2A/subreceptors (5-HTsub2A/subRs) are widely expressed in the central nervous system, including in the ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO). The VLO is an important cortical component for pain processing. Brain 5-HTsub2A/subRs are implicated in both pro- and anti- nociceptive functions. However, the roles of 5-HTsub2A/subRs in the VLO in trigeminal neuralgia and neuronal synaptic function remain to be understood. We used chronic constriction injury of infraorbital nerve (IoN-CCI) model and shRNA mediated gene knockdown in mice to investigate the role of 5-HTsub2A/subRs in the VLO in trigeminal neuralgia. We found that knockdown of 5-HTsub2A/subRs in the VLO aggravated spontaneous pain and mechanical allodynia in mice after IoN-CCI. At the synaptic level, decreasing 5-HTsub2A/subR expression by shRNA or inhibition of 5-HTsub2A/subR activity by its antagonist ketanserin decreased the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) of the neurons in the VLO, whereas 5-HTsub2A/subR partial agonist 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) enhanced sEPSCs of the neurons in the VLO. In summary, 5-HTsub2A/subRs in the VLO modulate the trigeminal pain by regulating neuronal glutamatergic activity.

Polyphenols are potent antioxidants, but their poor oral bioavailability owing to intrinsic insolubility and low permeability significantly hampers their effectiveness for clinical translation. Herein, upper intestinal absorptive polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLN) was designed by exploiting the lipidic core for drug encapsulation and the decanoic acid conjugated rapeseed protein as the biopolymeric shell for gastrointestinal stability, retention and permeability. Polyphenol ellagic acid loaded core-shell PLN (EA-PLN(C/S)) was characterized of favorable physicochemical properties in simulated gastric- and intestinal fluids, including high drug loading capacity, slow drug release and prolonged stability. In Caco-2 monolayers, the cellular transport of EA-PLN(C/S) involved dual-paracellular and endocytosis pathways. Compared to drug in suspension or lipidic core nanoparticles, orally administered EA-PLN(C/S) was retained longer and more permeable via the duodenum and jejunum of upper intestine, resulting in up to 5.3-fold and 1.4-fold enhancement in the extent of drug absorption and colonic accumulation, respectively. In an acute colitis murine model, EA-PLN(C/S) at 6 mg/kg low dose markedly reduced colonic lipid peroxidation in contrast to no antioxidant effect in other EA formulations. This work suggests that integration of engineered plant protein biopolymer with lipid nanoparticles created unique oral drug delivery systems enabling intestinal site-specific absorption for effective antioxidant therapeutics.

A water-stable thin film composed of C

Background Destruction of the intestinal mucosal barrier and visceral hypersensitivity are main pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The study aimed to establish a rat model of visceral hypersensitivity and explore mechanisms involved the changes of the intestinal barrier protein expression and intestinal flora. Methods A rat model of visceral hypersensitivity was established and evaluated using abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores, colonic paracellular permeability, and gastrointestinal motility. The expression of tight junction proteins, aquaporin proteins (AQPs), phosphorylated ERK, and proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) was determined. The intestinal microflora was evaluated by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Key results In model rats, AWR score and fecal water content were significantly increased, gastrointestinal motilities were disorder and characterized by an inhibition of gastric motility and an enhancement of small intestinal and colonic movement. The expressions of colonic occludin, ZO-1, AQP3, and AQP8 were decreased but claudin-2 and claudin-4 were markedly increased. Imbalance of intestinal flora appeared and showed an obvious decrease of Lactobacillus and an increase of Clostridiales_bacterium. Additionally, the total serine protease activity in feces, the expressions of PAR2 and phosphorylated ERK in the colon tissues were increased significantly. Conclusion and inferences The model rats of visceral hypersensitivity possess the decreased expression of occludin, ZO-1, AQP3, AQP8, and the increased expression of claudin-2 and claudin-4, meanwhile develop an imbalance of intestinal flora which probably increase serine protease activity, thereby activating the PAR2/ERK signaling and causing the intestinal barrier disorder.

Convolution computing is one of the primary time consuming part of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). State of the art convolutional neural networks use samll, 3 × 3 filters. Recent work on Winograd convolution can reduce the computational complexity a lot, making the convolution computing fast. But existing implementations of Winograd convolution is limited to small tiles, i.e. F(4 × 4, 3 × 3) and F(2 × 2, 3 × 3) where 4 × 4 and 2 × 2 are tile sizes of output channels and 3 × 3 is the filter size, and single precision data. In this paper, we propose an optimized mixed precision F(6 × 6, 3 × 3) Winograd convolution implementation on NVIDIA Ampere GPUs using Tensor Cores. Our experiments show that the accuracy of mixed precision F(6 × 6, 3 × 3) Winograd convolution is sufficient to infer the convolutional neural networks. Besides, our method achieves up to 15.71x and 2.41x speedup on NVIDIA Ampere A100, compared with the state of the art Winograd based convolution and GEMM based convolution in cuDNN 8.1.0, respectively. Moreover, we integrate our F(6 × 6, 3 × 3) Winograd convolution implementation into NVIDIA TensorRT, which is a C++ inference library on GPUs provided by NVIDIA, as custom layer plugins. And we build the whole VGG network model using our custom Winograd convolution layers and other layers supported by TensorRT. The experiments show that the accuracy of the whole VGG network using our F(6 × 6, 3 × 3) Winograd convolution is 71.24%, while the accuracy of using FP32 computing for the VGG network is 71.22%.

To reach the excellent yield as well as environmental friendliness, an efficient one‐pot process for the synthesis of 2‐methyl‐3‐n‐butylaminoyl‐1,4‐benzoquinone, a mitomycin‐like compound by the domino reaction of 2‐methyl‐1,4‐hydroquinone and butylamine using laccase/lipase as co‐catalysts, has been developed. In this present study, the process proposed here was further improved by optimizing the relevant factors using the response surface methodology based on Box–Benkhen Design. The optimum condition that afforded the highest yield (98%) of 2‐methyl‐3‐n‐butylaminoyl‐1,4‐benzoquinone was obtained as follows: molar ratio of amines to hydroquinones 1.16:1, activity ratio of laccase to lipase 1.14:2, and reaction temperature 38.9°C. The results obtained indicate that this process may be useful as a green alternative method for higher yield production of mitomycin analogs.

As important marine biological resources, corals produce a large amount of active organic compounds in their secondary metabolic processes, including numerous brominated, chlorinated, and iodinated compounds. These compounds, with novel structures and unique activities, guide the discovery and research of important lead compounds and novel biological mechanisms. Through a large number of literature surveys, this paper summarized a total of 145 halogenated secondary metabolites which were roughly divided into four major classes of terpenes, prostaglandins, steroids and alkaloids, and they were mainly isolated from ten coral families, Ellisellidae, Gorgoniidae, Briareidae, Plexauridae, Anthothelidae, Alcyoniidae, Clavularidae, Tubiporidae, Nephtheidae and Dendrophyllidae to the best of our knowledge. In addition, their organism species, structure composition and biological activity were also discussed in the form of a chart in this essay.

The chemoenzymatic conversion of cyclohexanone to e-caprolactone (1.25 M) mediated by immobilized lipase from T. laibacchi was successfully achieved with a yield of 98.6%, which is much higher than...

Background The symbiotic rumen microbiota is essential for the digestion of plant fibers and contributes to the variation of production and health traits in ruminants. However, to date, the heritability of rumen microbial features and host genetic components associated with the rumen microbiota, as well as whether such genetic components are animal performance relevant, are largely unknown. Results In the present study, we assessed rumen microbiota from a cohort of 709 beef cattle and showed that multiple factors including breed, sex, and diet drove the variation of rumen microbiota among animals. The diversity indices, the relative abundance of ~ 34% of microbial taxa (59 out of 174), and the copy number of total bacteria had a heritability estimate (h2) ≥ 0.15, suggesting that they are heritable elements affected by host additive genetics. These moderately heritable rumen microbial features were also found to be associated with host feed efficiency traits and rumen metabolic measures (volatile fatty acids). Moreover, 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on 12 bovine chromosomes were found to be associated with 14 (12 of them had h2 ≥ 0.15) rumen microbial taxa, and five of these SNPs were known quantitative trait loci for feed efficiency in cattle. Conclusions These findings suggest that some rumen microbial features are heritable and could be influenced by host genetics, highlighting a potential to manipulate and obtain a desirable and efficient rumen microbiota using genetic selection and breeding. It could be a useful strategy to further improve feed efficiency and optimize rumen fermentation through targeting both cattle and their rumen microbiota. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40168-019-0699-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The effect of crystallization conditions of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) component on the crystallization of poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO) component in their segment block copolymer, with a higher PTMO content (PTMO mass fraction is 67%), was investigated by DSC and temperature-dependent FTIR. It is found that the isothermal crystallization time (tIC) of PBS has an effect on the crystallization behavior of PTMO component. Perturbation correlation move-window two-dimensional (PCMW2D) correlation analysis and generalized 2D correlation analysis (2DIR) were performed to explore the origin of this phenomenon. The PCMW2D and 2DIR results show that the correlation intensity peak observed at around 20 °C for PTMO is due to the PTMO chains movements forced by the PBS chains folded movements. If tIC of PBS at temperature of 20 °C is prolonged, more PTMO components are incorporated in the region between PBS lamellae and the peak at -7.6 °C (belonging to less-constricted PTMO chains) changes smaller and even disappears, while the peak at -16.3 °C belonging to more-constricted PTMO chains gets bigger. A crystallization model was also established in this study. The results of tensile testing showed that tensile strength slightly increased and elongation at break decreased with increasing heat treatment time at 40 °C.

The present study investigates the kinetic model of the enzymatic Michael addition of butylamine to 2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone to form 2-methyl-3-n-butylaminoyl-1-hydro-4-quinone in citrate buffer solution (pH 7.0). The yield of the product of 98% was achieved, mainly due to the excellent regioselectivity of immobilized lipase from T. laibacchii. The immobilized preparation used here was obtained by a method of purification and in situ immobilization. Through the purification using a PEG 4000/ K2HPO4 aqueous two-phase system (ATPS), the T. laibacchii lipase was partitioned predominantly in the PEG-rich top phase where diatomite was added to achieve in situ immobilization via interfacial activation on the hydrophobic support. A proposed reaction mechanism of the Michael addition involves (1) the oxyanion hole polarizes the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl of 2-methyl-1,4 -benzoquinone, increasing its electrophilic ability, (2) the catalytic histidine deprotonates the nucleophile n-butyl amine. A modified sequential mechanism including ordered and random sequential bi-bi was proposed for the first, and it is beneficial to add these modification mechanisms to the family of enzyme complex reaction mechanism because the mechanism is partly expanded. The kinetic parameters were directly obtained by combining the numerical integration toolbox ode45 to solve differential equations and the nonlinear optimization toolbox fmincon for error minimizing objective function. A very satisfactory agreement between experimental data and model results was obtained based on the modified random bi-bi mechanism, implying that the enzymatic Michael addition may follow the modified random bi-bi mechanism. The mass transfer limitations were investigated, and it is found that both internal and external mass transfer limitations could be ignored.

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a class of zinc-containing metalloenzymes that can reversibly catalyse the hydration reaction of carbon dioxide. Antarctic algae are the most critical component of the Antarctic ecosystem; algae can enter the carbon cycle food chain by fixing carbon dioxide from the air. In this study, the complete open reading frames (ORFs) of CA1 (GenBank ID KY826431), CA2 (GenBank ID KY826432), and CA3 (GenBank ID KY826433), encoding CAs in the Antarctic ice microalga Chlamydomonas. sp. ICE-L, were successfully cloned using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In addition, the expression patterns of CAs under blue light, under UV light, and in the dark were determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The CA1, CA2, and CA3 ORFs encode proteins of 376, 430, and 419 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all amino acid sequences showed high homology with those of C. sp. ICE-L. There are six types of algal CAs; we hypothesised that the CAs studied here are most likely α-CAs. Expression analysis showed that the transcription level of the CAs was influenced by both UV light and blue light. These findings provide additional insight into the molecular mechanisms of CAs and will accelerate the development of CAs for applications in agriculture and environmental governance.

Background Minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy (MIE McKeown) with cervical anastomosis is a widely used approach for the treatment of esophageal cancer (EC). Anastomotic leak is one of the most serious complications following esophagectomy. This study aimed to summarize the anastomosis procedure and assess the clinical outcomes of our modified layered hand-sewn cervical end-to-side anastomosis for cervical anastomosis during MIE McKeown. Methods We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 508 consecutive EC patients who underwent MIE McKeown using the modified layered hand-sewn cervical end-to-side anastomosis between June 2016 and June 2020. Results The incidence of anastomotic leakage in our cohort was 2.0%. The postoperative stricture rate was 6.9% and the incidence of other postoperative complications was less than 9.3%. The mean time for setting up MIE McKeown was approximately 211.0 min and the average duration of postoperative hospital stay was 9.1 days. Conclusion This modified layered hand-sewn cervical end-to-side anastomosis is a safe and effective method for MIE McKeown with a low incidence of anastomotic leakage, anastomotic stricture, or other postoperative complications.

Wideband low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) are extensively employed in various systems such as software-defined radio (SDR), multi-mode transceivers, and high-speed links. However, gain-bandwidth products are quite limited as operation frequencies approach f max . This paper introduces some bandwidth extension design techniques for millimeter-wave and terahertz LNAs in CMOS technologies. Stagger tuning technique of multi-stage LNA, transformer-based matching network and pole-control technique with transformer feedback are discussed and compared.

This work describes the first generalizable method to modify various metal-organic framework (MOF) surfaces with polyimide, polysulfone, polycarbonate, and polymer of intrinsic microporosity-1 (PIM-1). The method first utilizes electrostatic adsorption to rapidly decorate positively charged MOF surfaces with a layer of negatively charged metal-organic nanocapsule, PgC5 Cu. After mixing with the polymer, the copper open metal sites on PgC5 Cu can coordinatively crosslink the polar functional groups on the surface polymer upon thermal activation thereby resulting in the immobilization of a uniform sub-10 nm polymer coating. We quantitatively analyzed the distribution of free path spacing between MOF particles and demonstrated that when the surface polymer matches the matrix polymer, the MOF dispersion was not only visually improved but also found to align perfectly with a theoretically predicted ideal dispersion model where no aggregation driving force was present.

Ten strains, BG-AF3-AT, pH52_RY, WF-MT5-AT, BG-MG3-A, Lr3000T, RRLNB_1_1, STM3_1T, STM2_1, WF-MO7-1T and WF-MA3-C, were isolated from intestinal or faecal samples of rodents, pheasant and primate. 16S rRNA gene analysis identified them as Limosilactobacillus reuteri . However, average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values based on whole genomes were below 95 and 70 %, respectively, and thus below the threshold levels for bacterial species delineation. Based on genomic, chemotaxonomic and morphological analyses, we propose five novel species with the names Limosilactobacillus balticus sp. nov. (type strain BG-AF3-AT=DSM 110574T=LMG 31633T), Limosilactobacillus agrestis sp. nov. (type strain WF-MT5-AT=DSM 110569T=LMG 31629T), Limosilactobacillus albertensis sp. nov. (type strain Lr3000T=DSM 110573T=LMG 31632T), Limosilactobacillus rudii sp. nov. (type strain STM3_1T=DSM 110572T=LMG 31631T) and Limosilactobacillus fastidiosus sp. nov. (type strain WF-MO7-1T=DSM 110576T=LMG 31630T). Core genome phylogeny and experimental evidence of host adaptation of strains of L. reuteri further provide a strong rationale to consider a number of distinct lineages within this species as subspecies. Here we propose six subspecies of L. reuteri : L. reuteri subsp. kinnaridis subsp. nov. (type strain AP3T=DSM 110703T=LMG 31724T), L. reuteri subsp. porcinus subsp. nov. (type strain 3c6T=DSM 110571T=LMG 31635T), L. reuteri subsp. murium subsp. nov. (type strain lpuph1T=DSM 110570T=LMG 31634T), L. reuteri subsp. reuteri subsp. nov. (type strain F 275T=DSM 20016T=ATCC 23272T), L. reuteri subsp. suis subsp. nov. (type strain 1063T=ATCC 53608T=LMG 31752T) and L. reuteri subsp. rodentium subsp. nov. (type strain 100-23T=DSM 17509T=CIP 109821T).

In this paper, a ZnO array is first prepared on the conductive glass by hydrothermal method, and then a seed layer of CuO nanoparticles is deposited on the surface of ZnO nanorods to form a core–shell ZnO/CuO nanoarray. Following, the dendritic CuO nanorods are grown on ZnO nanorods by hydrothermal method, constructing a three-dimensional ZnO/CuO nano-heterogeneous hierarchical structure array and applied in photoelectrochemical cell. Our three-dimensional ZnO/CuO nano-heterogeneous hierarchical structure shows obvious absorption of visible light from 500 to 900 nm. The current–time curves reveal that the photocurrent is greatly enhanced after dendritic CuO grows on the ZnO nanorod array. Furthermore, the charge dynamics processes in the core–shell ZnO/CuO nano-heterostructure array and the three-dimensional ZnO/CuO nano-heterostructure array are studied by comparing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and intensity modulation photocurrent (photovoltage) spectroscopy. Although the photo-generated charge transfer rate in the ZnO/CuO core–shell structure is slightly faster than the three-dimensional ZnO/CuO hierarchical structure, the recombination life of the photo-generated charge is increased by nearly two orders of magnitude in the three-dimensional ZnO/CuO nano-heterostructure array. The three-dimensional ZnO/CuO nano-heterostructure array has a good potential application in the field of photoelectric conversion devices and photocatalysis.