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426 results on '"Eisawi, A"'

109. Seroprevalence of spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae infection in domestic ruminants in Khartoum State, Sudan

Author

Mohammed O. Hussien, Azza B. Musa, Abdel Rahim M El Hussein, Dina A. Hassan, and Nagwa M. Eisawi

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Veterinary medicine, SFG rickettsiae, 030231 tropical medicine, Prevalence, Biology, Sudan, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, risk factors, Seroprevalence, High prevalence, General Veterinary, business.industry, Significant difference, Original Articles, 030108 mycology & parasitology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, IFAT, Virology, Spotted fever, Rickettsiosis, Rickettsia, domestic ruminants, Original Article, Livestock, business
Abstract

Spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiosis is caused by obligatory intracellular Gram‐negative bacteria that belong to the genus Rickettsia. Ticks belonging to the family Ixodidae can act as vectors, reservoirs or amplifiers of SFG rickettsiae. This study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of SFG rickettsioses in cattle, sheep and goats from Khartoum State, Sudan. Blood samples were collected from a total of 600 animals (sheep, goats and cattle) from 32 different farms distributed in three locations in Khartoum State during the period January to December 2012. Sera were tested for antibodies against SFG rickettsiae using IFAT. The prevalence of seropositivity was 59.3% in sheep, 60.1% in goats and 64.4% in cattle. Season was significantly (P

Published
2017
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111. Supplemental_material_Questionnaire_English_and_Arabic – Supplemental material for A large-scale study exploring understanding of the national premarital screening program among Jordanians: Is an at-risk marriage a valid option for Jordanians?

Author

Al-Eisawi, Zaynab, Jacoub, Khaldun, and Alsukker, Akram

Subjects
200199 Communication and Media Studies not elsewhere classified, FOS: Media and communications, Science Policy
Abstract

Supplemental material, Supplemental_material_Questionnaire_English_and_Arabic for A large-scale study exploring understanding of the national premarital screening program among Jordanians: Is an at-risk marriage a valid option for Jordanians? by Zaynab Al-Eisawi, Khaldun Jacoub and Akram Alsukker in Public Understanding of Science

Published
2020
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112. Sedimentary and paleobiological records of the latest Pleistocene-Holocene climate evolution in the Kordofan region, Sudan

Author

Ahmed Dawelbeit, Etienne Jaillard, Ali A.M. Eisawi, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
African humid period, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pleistocene, Paleoclimate, Sedimentary environment, Fluvial, Geology, 15. Life on land, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Quaternary, Paleontology, Aridification, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Paleoclimatology, Aeolian deposits, Aeolian processes, Sedimentary rock, Paleobiological indicators, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

The study of the Quaternary sediments of the Kordofan region, Sudan, allowed to decipher the succession of environments in this area, since about 13 kyr. The oldest sediments (>13 to 10.5 kyr BP) are mainly aeolian deposits , except in the southern areas. The “African Humid Period” is recorded by scattered palustrine and lacustrine carbonates dated at 10.5–6.5 kyr BP in the center and North, respectively, by fluvial deposits in the South, and by the pedogenesis of previous deposits in all areas. Fluvial activity may be responsible for the erosion of the previous aeolian sands in the southern areas. Between 6.5 and 3.3 kyr BP, the evolution from aquatic to terrestrial gastropod fauna, and from tropical to arid pollen assemblages points to the shift toward an arid climate. This aridification phase culminated between 3.3 and 1.1 kyr BP, with a period of strong aeolian activity and erosion. Aeolian deposition resumed after 1.1 kyr BP under conditions comparable to those of today. This evolution is consistent with that recorded in Saharan areas, although the period of strong aeolian erosion (≈3.3–1.1 kyr BP) may have been underestimated so far.

Published
2019
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113. A Novel Dual-Phase Activation-Dependent Foot-Switch Mechanism for Surgical Energy Devices as an Asset in Early Surgical Training: A Proof of Concept Study

Author

Myat Aung, Abdalla Eisawi, and Ruben Canelo

Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment, 0206 medical engineering, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Asset (computer security), Phase (combat), 03 medical and health sciences, Patient safety, 0302 clinical medicine, 030202 anesthesiology, Diathermy, Medicine, Humans, Surgeons, business.industry, Foot, Equipment Design, DUAL (cognitive architecture), medicine.disease, 020601 biomedical engineering, Mechanism (engineering), Proof of concept, Surgical Procedures, Operative, Surgery, Medical emergency, Ergonomics, Patient Safety, business
Abstract

Introduction. Many processes exist that limit or eliminate the incidence of adverse events in general surgery including the World Health Organization safety checklist. Technology and device advancement has a potentially expanding role in the context of surgical safety. Materials and Methods. A dual controlled accessory electrical diathermy footswitch ( Permissive diathermy foot switch device or PDf) device concept was developed in an effort to improve patient safety in theatre and enhance opportunities in training. Electrical diathermy is only activated if the senior supervising surgeon and the novice surgeon simultaneously activate their interconnected footswitches. The activation of the PDf accessory footswitch device allows a senior surgeon to exert control on “initiation” of activation of diathermy devices operated by a novice surgeon ( foot on pedal) as well as when desiring to deactivate the device ( foot off pedal). Results. A process of designing and prototyping was initiated to define the purpose and the functionality of the PDf device up till the stage of a fully functioning prototype. The PDf device was constructed as a final working and tested prototype in association with the local medical engineering department at the Cumberland Infirmary in Carlisle. The device was on a nonbiological model to determine efficacy and safety and passed its laboratory testing phase and was deemed ready for clinical use. Conclusion. We demonstrated the feasibility and functionality of the PDf device and propose a positive role in surgical training in the context of early surgical training and specific circumstances where more control is needed.

Published
2019

114. Acacia Senegal (Gum Arabic) Supplementation Modulate Lipid Profile and Ameliorated Dyslipidemia among Sickle Cell Anemia Patients

Author

Haydar Awad Abdelrazig, Amal M. Saeed, Omer Ali Eisawi, Lamis AbdelGadir Kaddam, and Imad Fadl-Elmula

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Article Subject, Anemia, Blood lipids, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biochemistry, lcsh:Physiology, lcsh:Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, lcsh:QD415-436, lcsh:QP1-981, Triglyceride, medicine.diagnostic_test, medicine.disease, Haemolysis, Sickle cell anemia, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, Clinical Study, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Lipid profile, Dyslipidemia, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Background. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited haemolytic anemia with a variable course and severity. Knowledge of prognostic biomarkers may help in the establishment of therapeutic intervention, management, and follow-up of patients. There have been scattered reports of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and increased triglyceride (TG) in SCD patients. In addition, TG levels have been suggested to be elevated in patients with increased endothelial activation. An increased TG level has been associated with haemolysis, vascular dysfunction, and increased prevalence of pulmonary hypertension. Gum Arabic (GA) is an edible, dried, gummy exudate from the acacia Senegal tree. Several studies on GA ingestion have shown reduced plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations in both animals and humans. We investigated GA’s therapeutic potential to modulate serum lipids in patients with sickle cell anemia.Methods. This study recruited and documented secondary outcomes in 47 patients (aged 5–42 years) carrying hemoglobin SS. The patients received 30 g/day of GA for 12 weeks. Total cholesterol, TG, LDL, and HDL were measured before and after GA intake. Cobas C311 (Roche, Germany) automated chemistry analyser was used for direct determination of the values of the lipid profile.Results. GA significantly decreased total cholesterol (TC), TG, and LDL (p= 0.006, 0.04, and 0.02, resp.). GA showed no effect on HDL level. Baseline serum TG and LDL correlated significantly with the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level, which is known as an oxidative stress marker (p= 0.003 and 0.04, resp.). None of the lipid profile elements correlated with age.Conclusion. Our results revealed that dyslipidemia in sickle cell patients is associated with oxidative stress but not associated with age. The findings showed that GA significantly decreased TC, LDL, and TG levels, revealing a novel effect of GA, which is considered a natural dietary fibre that can modulate lipid profile in patients with sickle cell anemia.Trial Registration. This retrospective trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT02467257on 3 June, 2015.

Published
2019

115. The use of wild edible plants in the Jordanian diet

Author

Tukan, S.K., Takuri, H.R., and Al-Eisawi, D.M.

Subjects
Plants, Edible -- Surveys, Wild plants, Edible -- Jordan, Food/cooking/nutrition
Abstract

A three-year study documented the use of 56 wild edible plants in Jordan. The study identifies the classification of the plant, their scientific, Arabic and English names. It indicates edible parts, the manner in which the plant is prepared for consumption and the method in which the plant is preserved for later use., In Jordan, large numbers of wild edible plants are widely distributed throughout the country and consumed in various ways. In this study 56 wild edible plants used in local meals [...]

Published
1998

116. Novel accessory safety footswitch permitting dual control of surgical electrical diathermy: an asset in risk management in surgical training?

Author

Eisawi, Abdalla, Aung, Myat, Canelo, Ruben, Eisawi, Abdalla, Aung, Myat, and Canelo, Ruben

Abstract

Introduction: Human error contributes to the majority of adverse events in the operating theatre environment. Many processes exist to limit the incidence of such adverse events. However, the role of technology and device advancement has been limited in this respect. Methods: A dual-controlled accessory electrical diathermy footswitch (abortive diathermy footswitch device or ADF) concept was developed in an attempt to improve patient safety in theatre. The activation of the ADF allows a senior surgeon to control the activation of diathermy devices by a junior surgeon by deactivating diathermy devices when the ADF footswitch is operated. Results: The ADF device was constructed as a final working and tested prototype in association with the local medical engineering department at the Cumberland Infirmary in Carlisle. The device was clinically tested during two separate theatre sessions involving five elective laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Conclusions: We demonstrated the feasibility and functionality of the ADF device and propose a role in surgical training through potentially limiting surgical errors associated with the use of electrical diathermy during training and expanding accessible surgical experience.

Published
2020

118. IDENTIFICATION OF DROUGHT-TOLERANT WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L) CULTIVARS BASED ON THE ASSOCIATIONS OF IN-VITRO & IN-VIVO PREDICTORS THROUGH POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (PEG 6000) MEDIATED OSMOTIC STRESS.

Author

Abro, Aamir Ali, Eisawi, Khalid A. E., Batyrbek, Maksat, Sial, Naveed Yaseen, Akhtar, Muhammad, and Memon, Saba Ambreen

Subjects
POLYETHYLENE glycol, WHEAT, STRAW, SEEDLINGS, SEEDS, DROUGHT tolerance
Abstract

Drought tolerance has been the criterion under water stress conditions. The present study was therefore evaluated in six wheat genotypes viz. (IBWSN-1010, IBWSN-1025, TD-1, ESW-9525, Khirman and Chakwal-86). Experiment first occupied with different polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) concentration 0.0, -0.5, -0.75, -1.0 MPa, where is another experiment was laid out complete randomized design (CRD) along with two treatments (T1 control normal four irrigations) and (T2 terminal drought T. drought) conditions with replication thrice, has been used to induce drought tolerance. Different seedling parameters as agronomical traits, named, Plant height (cm), Spike length (cm), Number of Tiller Plant-1, Straw weight/plant (g), 100 Grain weight (g), Seed index (g), Days to 75% heading; Days to 75% maturity. The results depicted that ESW-9525 and IBWSN-1010 wheat cultivars performed better as compared to both check varieties (Khirman and Chakwal-86). The mean squares of variance showed that different osmotic potential had meaningful impact on most of the characters excluding root dry weight. Moreover, using all seedling growth parameters, under consideration can be utilized as selective characters to evaluate among resistant and susceptible cultivars in water stress under laboratory experiment and breeding programs seems to be additional desired for evaluation in water stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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120. A molecular prevalence survey on Anaplasma infection among domestic ruminants in Khartoum State, Sudan

Author

Nagwa M, Eisawi, Abdel Rahim M, El Hussein, Dina A, Hassan, Azza B, Musa, Mohammed O, Hussien, Khalid A, Enan, and Mohammed A, Bakheit

Subjects
Male, Anaplasmosis, Anaplasma, Goat Diseases, Sheep, Goats, Ehrlichia, Ehrlichiosis, Cattle Diseases, Sheep Diseases, Ruminants, Sudan, Ticks, Prevalence, Animals, Cattle, Female, Phylogeny
Abstract

This study was conducted in Khartoum State, Sudan to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated with Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species infections in domestic ruminants. Blood samples were collected from a total of 594 animals from 32 different farms distributed in the three provinces of Khartoum State. Among the 196 cattle, 200 sheep, and 198 goats examined using PCR, 13.27%, 32.50%, and 35.86% were infected with Anaplasma spp., respectively, with an overall prevalence of 27.27%. Cattle were infected with A. marginale (10.71%), A. centrale (2.04%), and A. ovis (0.51%), while sheep and goats were infected with A. ovis being significantly higher compared with cattle. No Ehrlichia spp. was detected in domestic ruminant in Khartoum State. Prevalence rates of Anaplasma infections were highly associated with breed, location, season, and sex. The prevalence rates of Anaplasma infection were significantly higher in exotic goat breeds compared with indigenous, and the infection in sheep and cattle was significantly higher in summer and in autumn in goats. The Anaplasma spp. infection rate in goats was significantly higher in females. The infection rate was also significantly higher in Khartoum North in both sheep and goats. It could be concluded that Anaplasma infection is prevalent in small and large ruminants in Khartoum State. Therefore, further studies on the epidemiology of anaplasmosis, possible tick, lice, and flea vectors and reservoirs in Sudan are important.

Published
2018

121. Correction to: Utilisation of an operative difficulty grading scale for laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Author

Griffiths, E. A., Hodson, J., Vohra, R. S., Marriott, P., Katbeh, T., Zino, S., Nassar, A. H. M., Kirkham, A. J., Pasquali, S., Johnstone, M., Spreadborough, P., Alderson, D., Fenwick, S., Elmasry, M., Nunes, Q. M., Kennedy, D., Khan, R. B., Khan, M. A. S., Magee, C. J., Jones, S. M., Mason, D., Parappally, C. P., Mathur, P., Saunders, M., Jamel, S., Haque, S. U., Zafar, S., Shiwani, M. H., Samuel, N., Dar, F., Jackson, A., Lovett, B., Dindyal, S., Winter, H., Fletcher, T., Rahman, S., Wheatley, K., Nieto, T., Ayaani, S., Youssef, H., Nijjar, R. S., Watkin, H., Naumann, D., Emesih, S., Sarmah, P. B., Lee, K., Joji, N., Lambert, J., Heath, J., Teasdale, R. L., Weerasinghe, C., Needham, P. J., Welbourn, H., Forster, L., Finch, D., Blazeby, J. M., Robb, W., Mcnair, A. G. K., Hrycaiczuk, A., Charalabopoulos, A., Kadirkamanathan, S., Tang, C. -B., Jayanthi, N. V. G., Noor, N., Dobbins, B., Cockbain, A. J., Nilsen-Nunn, A., de Siqueira, J., Pellen, M., Cowley, J. B., W. -M., Ho, Miu, V., White, T. J., Hodgkins, K. A., Kinghorn, A., Tutton, M. G., Al-Abed, Y. A., Menzies, D., Ahmad, A., Reed, J., Khan, S., Monk, D., Vitone, L. J., Murtaza, G., Joel, A., Brennan, S., Shier, D., Zhang, C., Yoganathan, T., Robinson, S. J., Mccallum, I. J. D., Jones, M. J., Elsayed, M., Tuck, L., Wayman, J., Carney, K., Aroori, S., Hosie, K. B., Kimble, A., Bunting, D. M., Fawole, A. S., Basheer, M., Dave, R. V., Sarveswaran, J., Jones, E., Kendal, C., Tilston, M. P., Gough, M., Wallace, T., Singh, S., Mockford, J. D. K. A., Issa, E., Shah, N., Chauhan, N., Wilson, T. R., Forouzanfar, A., Wild, J. R. L., Nofal, E., Bunnell, C., Madbak, K., Rao, S. T. V., Devoto, L., Siddiqi, N., Khawaja, Z., Hewes, J. C., Gould, L., Chambers, A., Rodriguez, D. U., Sen, G., Robinson, S., Bartlett, F., Rae, D. M., Stevenson, T. E. J., Sarvananthan, K., Dwerryhouse, S. J., Higgs, S. M., Old, O. J., Hardy, T. J., Hornby, R. S. S. T., Keogh, K., Frank, L., Al-Akash, M., Upchurch, E. A., Frame, R. J., Hughes, M., Jelley, C., Weaver, S., Roy, S., Sillo, T. O., Galanopoulos, G., Cuming, T., Cunha, P., Tayeh, S., Kaptanis, S., Heshaishi, M., Eisawi, A., Abayomi, M., Ngu, W. S., Fleming, K., Bajwa, D. S., Chitre, V., Aryal, K., Ferris, P., Silva, M., Mohamed, S. L. S., Khawaja, A., Hussain, A., Ghazanfar, M. A., Bellini, M. I., Ebdewi, H., Elshaer, M., Gravante, G., Drake, B., Ogedegbe, A., Mukherjee, D., Arhi, C., Iqbal, L. G. N., Watson, N. F., Aggarwal, S. K., Orchard, P., Villatoro, E., Willson, P. D., Mok, K. W. J., Woodman, T., Deguara, J., Garcea, G., Babu, B. I., Dennison, A. R., Malde, D., Lloyd, D., Satheesan, S., Al-Taan, O., Boddy, A., Slavin, J. P., Jones, R. P., Ballance, L., Gerakopoulos, S., Jambulingam, P., Mansour, S., Sakai, N., Acharya, V., Sadat, M. M., Karim, L., Larkin, D., Amin, K., Khan, A., Law, J., Jamdar, S., Smith, S. R., Sampat, K., O'Shea, K. M., Manu, M., Asprou, F. M., Malik, N. S., Chang, J., Lewis, M., Roberts, G. P., Karavadra, B., Photi, E., Hewes, J., Rodriguez, D., O'Reilly, D. A., Rate, A. J., Sekhar, H., Henderson, L. T., Starmer, B. Z., Coe, P. O., Tolofari, S., Barrie, J., Bashir, G., Sloane, J., Madanipour, S., Halkias, C., Trevatt, A. E. J., Borowski, D. W., Hornsby, J., Courtney, M. J., Virupaksha, S., Seymour, K., Hawkins, H., Bawa, S., Gallagher, P. V., Reid, A., Wood, P., Finch, J. G., Guy Finch, J., Parmar, J., Stirland, E., Gardner-Thorpe, J., Al-Muhktar, A., Peterson, M., Majeed, A., Bajwa, F. M., Martin, J., Choy, A., Tsang, A., Pore, N., Andrew, D. R., Al-Khyatt, W., Bhandari, C. T. S., Subramanium, D., Toh, S. K. C., Carter, N. C., Tate, S., Pearce, B., Wainwright, D., Mercer, S. J., Knight, B., Vijay, V., Alagaratnam, S., Sinha, S., El-Hasani, S. S., Hussain, A. A., Bhattacharya, V., Kansal, N., Fasih, T., Jackson, C., Siddiqui, M. N., Chishti, I. A., Fordham, I. J., Siddiqui, Z., Bausbacher, H., Geogloma, I., Gurung, K., Tsavellas, G., Basynat, P., Shrestha, A. K., Basu, S., Harilingam, A. C. M., Rabie, M., Akhtar, M., Kumar, P., Jafferbhoy, S. F., Hussain, N., Raza, S., Haque, M., Alam, I., Aseem, R., Patel, S., Asad, M., Booth, M. I., Ball, W. R., Wood, C. P. J., Pinho-Gomes, A. C., Kausar, A., Obeidallah, M. R., Varghase, J., Lodhia, J., Bradley, D., Rengifo, C., Lindsay, D., Gopalswamy, S., Finlay, I., Wardle, S., Bullen, N., Iftikhar, S. Y., Awan, A., Ahmed, J., Leeder, P., Fusai, G., Bond-Smith, G., Psica, A., Puri, Y., Hou, D., Noble, F., Szentpali, K., Broadhurst, J., Date, R., Hossack, M. R., Goh, Y. L., Turner, P., Shetty, V., Riera, M., Macano, C. A. W., Sukha, A., Preston, S. R., Hoban, J. R., Puntis, D. J., Williams, S. V., Krysztopik, R., Kynaston, J., Batt, J., Doe, M., Goscimski, A., Jones, G. H., Hall, C., Carty, N., Panteleimonitis, S., Gunasekera, R. T., Sheel, A. R. G., Lennon, H., Hindley, C., Reddy, M., Kenny, R., Elkheir, N., Mcglone, E. R., Rajaganeshan, R., Hancorn, K., Hargreaves, A., Prasad, R., Longbotham, D. A., Vijayanand, D., Wijetunga, I., Ziprin, P., Nicolay, C. R., Yeldham, G., Read, E., Gossage, J. A., Rolph, R. C., Ebied, H., Phull, M., Khan, M. A., Popplewell, M., Kyriakidis, D., Henley, N., Packer, J. R., Derbyshire, L., Porter, J., Appleton, S., Farouk, M., Basra, M., Jennings, N. A., Ali, S., Kanakala, V., Ali, H., Lane, R., Dickson-Lowe, R., Zarsadias, P., Mirza, D., Puig, S., Amari, K. A., Vijayan, D., Sutcliffe, R., Marudanayagam, R., Hamady, Z., Prasad, A. R., Patel, A., Durkin, D., Kaur, P., Bowen, L., Byrne, J. P., Pearson, K. L., Delisle, T. G., Davies, J., Tomlinson, M. A., Johnpulle, M. A., Slawinski, C., Macdonald, A., Nicholson, J., Newton, K., Mbuvi, J., Farooq, A., Mothe, B. S., Zafrani, Z., Brett, D., Francombe, J., Barnes, J., Cheung, M., Al-Bahrani, A. Z., Preziosi, G., Urbonas, T., Alberts, J., Mallik, M., Patel, K., Segaran, A., Doulias, T., Sufi, P. A., Yao, C., Pollock, S., Manzelli, A., Wajed, S., Kourkulos, M., Pezzuto, R., Wadley, M., Hamilton, E., Jaunoo, S., Padwick, R., Sayegh, M., Newton, R. C., Hebbar, M., Farag, S. F., Spearman, J., Hamdan, M. F., D'Costa, C., Blane, C., Giles, M., Peter, M. B., Hirst, N. A., Hossain, T., El-Dhuwaib, A. P. Y., Morrison, T. E. M., Taylor, G. W., Thompson, R. L. E., Mccune, K., Loughlin, P., Lawther, R., Byrnes, C. K., Simpson, D. J., Mawhinney, A., Warren, C., Mckay, D., Mcilmunn, C., Martin, S., Macartney, M., Diamond, T., Davey, P., Jones, C., Clements, J. M., Digney, R., Chan, W. M., Mccain, S., Gull, S., Janeczko, A., Dorrian, E., Harris, A., Dawson, S., Johnston, D., Mcaree, B., Ghareeb, E., Thomas, G., Connelly, M., Mckenzie, S., Cieplucha, K., Spence, G., Campbell, W., Hooks, G., Bradley, N., Hill, A. D. K., Cassidy, J. T., Boland, M., Burke, P., Nally, D. M., Khogali, E., Shabo, W., Iskandar, E., Mcentee, G. P., O'Neill, M. A., Peirce, C., Lyons, E. M., O'Sullivan, A. W., Thakkar, R., Carroll, P., Ivanovski, I., Balfe, P., Lee, M., Winter, D. C., Kelly, M. E., Hoti, E., Maguire, D., Karunakaran, P., Geoghegan, J. G., Mcdermott, F., Martin, S. T., Cross, K. S., Cooke, F., Zeeshan, S., Murphy, J. O., Mealy, K., Mohan, H. M., Nedujchelyn, Y., Ullah, M. F., Ahmed, I., Giovinazzo, F., Milburn, J., Prince, S., Brooke, E., Buchan, J., Khalil, A. M., Vaughan, E. M., Ramage, M. I., Aldridge, R. C., Gibson, S., Nicholson, G. A., Vass, D. G., Grant, A. J., Holroyd, D. J., Angharad Jones, M., Sutton, C. M. L. R., O'Dwyer, P., Nilsson, F., Weber, B., Williamson, T. K., Lalla, K., Bryant, A., Ross Carter, C., Forrest, C. R., Hunter, D. I., Nassar, A. H., Orizu, M. N., Knight, K., Qandeel, H., Suttie, S., Belding, R., Mcclarey, A., Boyd, A. T., Guthrie, G. J. K., Lim, P. J., Luhmann, A., Watson, A. J. M., Richards, C. H., Nicol, L., Madurska, M., Harrison, E., Boyce, K. M., Roebuck, A., Ferguson, G., Pati, P., Wilson, M. S. J., Dalgaty, F., Fothergill, L., Driscoll, P. J., Mozolowski, K. L., Banwell, V., Bennett, S. P., Rogers, P. N., Skelly, B. L., Rutherford, C. L., Mirza, A. K., Lazim, T., Lim, H. C. C., Duke, D., Ahmed, T., Beasley, W. D., Wilkinson, M. D., Maharaj, G., Malcolm, C., Brown, T. H., Al-Sarireh, B., Shingler, G. M., Mowbray, N., Radwan, R., Morcous, P., Wood, S., Kadhim, A., Stewart, D. J., Baker, A. L., Tanner, N., Shenoy, H., Hafiz, S., De Marchi, J. A., Singh-Ranger, D., Hisham, E., Ainley, P., John Terrace, S. O. N., Napetti, S., Hopwood, B., Rhys, T., Downing, J., Kanavati, O., Coats, M., Aleksandrov, D., Kallaway, C., Yahya, S., Templeton, A., Trotter, M., Lo, C., Dhillon, A., Heywood, N., Aawsaj, Y., Hamdan, A., Reece-Bolton, O., Mcguigan, A., Shahin, Y., Aymon, Luther, A. A., Nicholson, J. A., Rajendran, I., Boal, M., and Ritchie, J.

Subjects
Adult, Male, operative difficulty, medicine.medical_specialty, MEDLINE, cholecystectomy, difficulty grading, laparoscopic, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Aged, business.industry, General surgery, Correction, Hepatology, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Conversion to Open Surgery, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic, ROC Curve, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Multivariate Analysis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, business, Grading scale, Abdominal surgery
Abstract

A reliable system for grading operative difficulty of laparoscopic cholecystectomy would standardise description of findings and reporting of outcomes. The aim of this study was to validate a difficulty grading system (Nassar scale), testing its applicability and consistency in two large prospective datasets.Patient and disease-related variables and 30-day outcomes were identified in two prospective cholecystectomy databases: the multi-centre prospective cohort of 8820 patients from the recent CholeS Study and the single-surgeon series containing 4089 patients. Operative data and patient outcomes were correlated with Nassar operative difficultly scale, using Kendall's tau for dichotomous variables, or Jonckheere-Terpstra tests for continuous variables. A ROC curve analysis was performed, to quantify the predictive accuracy of the scale for each outcome, with continuous outcomes dichotomised, prior to analysis.A higher operative difficulty grade was consistently associated with worse outcomes for the patients in both the reference and CholeS cohorts. The median length of stay increased from 0 to 4 days, and the 30-day complication rate from 7.6 to 24.4% as the difficulty grade increased from 1 to 4/5 (both p 0.001). In the CholeS cohort, a higher difficulty grade was found to be most strongly associated with conversion to open and 30-day mortality (AUROC = 0.903, 0.822, respectively). On multivariable analysis, the Nassar operative difficultly scale was found to be a significant independent predictor of operative duration, conversion to open surgery, 30-day complications and 30-day reintervention (all p 0.001).We have shown that an operative difficulty scale can standardise the description of operative findings by multiple grades of surgeons to facilitate audit, training assessment and research. It provides a tool for reporting operative findings, disease severity and technical difficulty and can be utilised in future research to reliably compare outcomes according to case mix and intra-operative difficulty.

Published
2018

126. Novel Mechanism of Cytotoxicity for the Selective Selenosemicarbazone, 2-Acetylpyridine 4,4-Dimethyl-3-selenosemicarbazone (Ap44mSe): Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization

Author

Des R. Richardson, Danuta S. Kalinowski, Akanksha Arvind, George Iskander, Sumit Sahni, Christian Stefani, Patric J. Jansson, Paul V. Bernhardt, Naresh Kumar, Zaklina Kovacevic, Maram T. Basha, Philip C. Sharpe, Zaynab Al-Eisawi, and Darius J.R. Lane

Subjects
Models, Molecular, 0301 basic medicine, Pyridines, Iron, Genes, myc, Molecular Conformation, Antineoplastic Agents, Crystallography, X-Ray, Iron Chelating Agents, Antioxidants, Permeability, Methemoglobin, Structure-Activity Relationship, 03 medical and health sciences, Cell Line, Tumor, Lysosome, Antimetastatic Agent, Receptors, Transferrin, Drug Discovery, medicine, Humans, Structure–activity relationship, Cytotoxicity, Semicarbazones, chemistry.chemical_classification, Reactive oxygen species, Lysosome-Associated Membrane Glycoproteins, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Mechanism of action, chemistry, Biochemistry, Transferrin, Ferritins, Molecular Medicine, medicine.symptom, Lysosomes, Reactive Oxygen Species
Abstract

Selenosemicarbazones show marked antitumor activity. However, their mechanism of action remains unknown. We examined the medicinal chemistry of the selenosemicarbazone, 2-acetylpyridine 4,4-dimethyl-3-selenosemicarbazone (Ap44mSe), and its iron and copper complexes to elucidate its mechanisms of action. Ap44mSe demonstrated a pronounced improvement in selectivity toward neoplastic relative to normal cells compared to its parent thiosemicarbazone. It also effectively depleted cellular Fe, resulting in transferrin receptor-1 up-regulation, ferritin down-regulation, and increased expression of the potent metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream regulated gene-1. Significantly, Ap44mSe limited deleterious methemoglobin formation, highlighting its usefulness in overcoming toxicities of clinically relevant thiosemicarbazones. Furthermore, Cu-Ap44mSe mediated intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, which was attenuated by the antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, or Cu sequestration. Notably, Ap44mSe forms redox active Cu complexes that target the lysosome to induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization. This investigation highlights novel structure-activity relationships for future chemotherapeutic design and underlines the potential of Ap44mSe as a selective anticancer/antimetastatic agent.

Published
2015
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127. Allium naqabense(Amaryllidaceae), a New Species from Jordan

Author

Dawud Al-Eisawi and Ghadeer Omar

Subjects
Horticulture, Botánica, Botany, Stamen, Endangered species, Allium, IUCN Red List, Plant Science, Amaryllidaceae, Perianth, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Allium naqabense Al-Eisawi & Omar is described and illustrated from Ras al-Naqab in southern Jordan. The new species is assigned to Allium L. sect. Molium G. Don of Allium subg. Amerallium Traub. Allium naqabense differs from the closely related species A. erdelii Zucc., A. papillare Boiss., A. qasyunense Mouterde, and A. negevense Kollmann by having glabrous leaves and by the pale yellow anthers and style that are included within the perianth. The most closely related species, A. erdelii, has leaves that are pilose on both surfaces and anthers that are exserted and yellow. Allium naqabense has glabrous leaves and included stamens. The new species is assessed as Endangered (EN), according to IUCN criteria.

Published
2015
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128. Service excellence in UK retail banking: customers’ perspectives of the important antecedents

Author

Dima Al-Eisawi, Sanjit Kumar Roy, Adrian Pritchard, and Harjit Sekhon

Subjects
Marketing, Service (business), business.industry, Excellence, media_common.quotation_subject, Retail banking, Scale development, Survey data collection, business, Structural approach, Reputation, media_common
Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop and tests a service excellence model, thus providing a detailed understanding of the key antecedents of service excellence, from a customer ' s perspective. The model presented in this paper is rooted in cross-disciplinary literature and tested amongst customers of UK retail banking services. Design/methodology/approach – Following a systematic approach to scale development, the paper draws on survey data from 260 consumers of retail banking products, with the data collected on national basis in the UK. Findings – The theoretical framework was evaluated using a structural approach. Of the hypothesised antecedents, innovation has the greatest impact on service excellence while reputation the least, as far as customers are concerned. Research limitations/implications – The research was limited to one research domain, i.e. UK retail banking, and thus it is reasonable to hypothesise that other aspects of service excellence will be more or less relevant for other types of financial services or in other geographic regions. Practical implications – Given the challenges faced by the retail banking sector, there are implications for practitioners because the authors identified the key antecedents of service excellence. The antecedents can be used by practitioners to help demonstrate excellence on their part and they could differentiate what are homogenous services at a time when the retail banks are going through a period of recovery following the crisis within the sector. Originality/value – This work complements the understanding of service excellence and provides insight for scholars and practitioners by modelling services for a specific service sector.

Published
2015
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129. The flora of holy Mecca district, Saudi Arabia

Author

Dawud Mohammad Al-Eisawi and Suad Al-Ruzayza

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, Flora, Atriplex, Tribulus, biology, Datura, Rare species, Emex, Fabaceae, biology.organism_classification, Cyperus rotundus
Abstract

The flora of Mecca city district, Saudi Arabia has been recently studied between March and July, 2014. Four hundred and thirty three (433) specimens were collected from the study area. The specimens were found to belong to forty four (44) families, one hundred twenty five (125) genera and one hundred and eighty four (184) species. In this work and for the first time, four new species (unidentified, possibly new) were collected with specimen’s numbers: 40, 175, 279 and 415. Besides, the study came out with nine rare species to the flora of Saudi Arabia: Tribulus arabicus Atriplex farinosa, Cyperus rotundus, Datura innoxia, Emex spinosus, Heliotropium crispum, Kohautia caespitosa, Launaea nudicaulis and Plantago ciliata. It was found that the largest family in Mecca is Poaceae represented by 17% followed by Fabaceae with a percentage of 13%. The most prevalent species was Calotropis procera. From the analysis of species, the most chorotype prevalent was Saharo-Arabian with 27.70%. In addition, the most life-forms prevalent is the Therophytes with 41%. On the other hand, most of the species of high percentage 24.57% are used for medicinal purpose. Key words: Flora, mecca, Saudi Arabia.

Published
2015
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130. A Novel Dual-Phase Activation-Dependent Foot-Switch Mechanism for Surgical Energy Devices as an Asset in Early Surgical Training: A Proof of Concept Study

Author

Eisawi, Abdalla, Aung, Myat, Canelo, Ruben, Eisawi, Abdalla, Aung, Myat, and Canelo, Ruben

Abstract

Introduction. Many processes exist that limit or eliminate the incidence of adverse events in general surgery including the World Health Organization safety checklist. Technology and device advancement has a potentially expanding role in the context of surgical safety. Materials and Methods. A dual controlled accessory electrical diathermy footswitch ( Permissive diathermy foot switch device or PDf) device concept was developed in an effort to improve patient safety in theatre and enhance opportunities in training. Electrical diathermy is only activated if the senior supervising surgeon and the novice surgeon simultaneously activate their interconnected footswitches. The activation of the PDf accessory footswitch device allows a senior surgeon to exert control on “initiation” of activation of diathermy devices operated by a novice surgeon ( foot on pedal) as well as when desiring to deactivate the device ( foot off pedal). Results. A process of designing and prototyping was initiated to define the purpose and the functionality of the PDf device up till the stage of a fully functioning prototype. The PDf device was constructed as a final working and tested prototype in association with the local medical engineering department at the Cumberland Infirmary in Carlisle. The device was on a nonbiological model to determine efficacy and safety and passed its laboratory testing phase and was deemed ready for clinical use. Conclusion. We demonstrated the feasibility and functionality of the PDf device and propose a positive role in surgical training in the context of early surgical training and specific circumstances where more control is needed.

Published
2019

131. A large-scale study exploring understanding of the national premarital screening program among Jordanians: Is an at-risk marriage a valid option for Jordanians?

Author

Al-Eisawi, Zaynab, Jacoub, Khaldun, and Alsukker, Akram

Subjects
MARRIAGE, GENETIC counseling, PRENATAL diagnosis, COLLEGE students
Abstract

Detecting carrier couples through premarital screening implementation is an effective way of controlling thalassaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of university students towards premarital screening and their possible involvement in an at-risk marriage. Students (n = 976) were chosen randomly from Jordanian universities. The questionnaire consisted of three sections: socio-demographical data, the students' knowledge about the screening programme, and finally their beliefs and future decisions related to it. Most (90%) participants were aware of the premarital screening availability. Females had significantly better understanding of premarital screening compared to males. Despite the majority of the participants not wanting to go ahead with at-risk marriages, 23% would not be deterred from marrying their anticipated partner and believed engaging in at-risk marriage was a valid idea. We suggest providing more effective educational programmes, genetic counselling and free prenatal diagnosis for at-risk couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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132. Correction to: Utilisation of an operative difficulty grading scale for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Surgical Endoscopy, (2018), 10.1007/s00464-018-6281-2)

Author

Griffiths, Ewen A., Hodson, James, Vohra, Ravi S., Marriott, Paul, Katbeh, Tarek, Zino, Samer, Nassar, Ahmad H. M., Vohra, Ravinder S., Kirkham, Amanda J., Pasquali, Sandro, Johnstone, Marianne, Spreadborough, Philip, Alderson, Derek, Fenwick, Stephen, Elmasry, Mohamed, Nunes, Quentin M., Kennedy, David, Khan, Raja Basit, Khan, Muhammad A. S., Magee, Conor J., Jones, Steven M., Mason, Denise, Parappally, Ciny P., Mathur, Pawan, Saunders, Michael, Jamel, Sara, Haque, Samer Ul, Zafar, Sara, Shiwani, Muhammad Hanif, Samuel, Nehemiah, Dar, Farooq, Jackson, Andrew, Lovett, Bryony, Dindyal, Shiva, Winter, Hannah, Fletcher, Ted, Rahman, Saquib, Wheatley, Kevin, Nieto, Tom, Ayaani, Soofiyah, Youssef, Haney, Nijjar, Rajwinder S., Watkin, Helen, Naumann, David, Emesih, Sophie, Sarmah, Piyush B., Lee, Kathryn, Joji, Nikita, Lambert, Joel, Heath, Jonathan, Teasdale, Rebecca L., Weerasinghe, Chamindri, Needham, Paul J., Welbourn, Hannah, Forster, Luke, Finch, David, Blazeby, Jane M., Robb, William, Mcnair, Angus G. K., Hrycaiczuk, Alex, Charalabopoulos, Alexandros, Kadirkamanathan, Sritharan, Tang, Cheuk-Bong, Jayanthi, Naga V. G., Noor, Nigel, Dobbins, Brian, Cockbain, Andrew J., Nilsen-Nunn, April, de Siqueira, Jonathan, Pellen, Mike, Cowley, Jonathan B., Wei-Min, Ho, Miu, Victor, White, Timothy J., Hodgkins, Kathryn A., Kinghorn, Alison, Tutton, Matthew G., Al-Abed, Yahya A., Menzies, Donald, Ahmad, Anwar, Reed, Joanna, Khan, Shabuddin, Monk, David, Vitone, Louis J., Murtaza, Ghulam, Joel, Abraham, Brennan, Stephen, Shier, David, Zhang, Catherine, Yoganathan, Thusidaran, Robinson, Steven J., Mccallum, Iain J. D., Jones, Michael J., Elsayed, Mohammed, Tuck, Liz, Wayman, John, Carney, Kate, Aroori, Somaiah, Hosie, Kenneth B., Kimble, Adam, Bunting, David M., Fawole, Adeshina S., Basheer, Mohammed, Dave, Rajiv V., Sarveswaran, Janahan, Jones, Elinor, Kendal, Chris, Tilston, Michael P., Gough, Martin, Wallace, Tom, Singh, Shailendra, Mockford, Justine Downing Katherine A., Issa, Eyad, Shah, Nayab, Chauhan, Neal, Wilson, Timothy R., Forouzanfar, Amir, Wild, Jonathan R. L., Nofal, Emma, Bunnell, Catherine, Madbak, Khaliel, Rao, Sudhindra T. V., Devoto, Laurence, Siddiqi, Najaf, Khawaja, Zechan, Hewes, James C., Gould, Laura, Chambers, Alice, Rodriguez, Daniel Urriza, Sen, Gourab, Robinson, Stuart, Bartlett, Francis, Rae, David M., Stevenson, Thomas E. J., Sarvananthan, Kas, Dwerryhouse, Simon J., Higgs, Simon M., Old, Oliver J., Hardy, Thomas J., Hornby, Reena Shah Steve T., Keogh, Ken, Frank, Lucinda, Al-Akash, Musallam, Upchurch, Emma A., Frame, Richard J., Hughes, Michael, Jelley, Clare, Weaver, Simon, Roy, Sudipta, Sillo, Toritseju O., Galanopoulos, Giorgios, Cuming, Tamzin, Cunha, Pedro, Tayeh, Salim, Kaptanis, Sarantos, Heshaishi, Mohamed, Eisawi, Abdalla, Abayomi, Michael, Ngu, Wee Sing, Fleming, Katie, Bajwa, Dalvir S., Chitre, Vivek, Aryal, Kamal, Ferris, Paul, Silva, Michael, Mohamed, Simon Lammy Sarah, Khawaja, Amir, Hussain, Adnan, Ghazanfar, Mudassar A., Bellini, Maria Irene, Ebdewi, Hamdi, Elshaer, Mohamed, Gravante, Gianpiero, Drake, Benjamin, Ogedegbe, Arikoge, Mukherjee, Dipankar, Arhi, Chanpreet, Iqbal, Lola Giwa Nusrat, Watson, Nicholas F., Aggarwal, Smeer Kumar, Orchard, Philippa, Villatoro, Eduardo, Willson, Peter D., Mok, Kam Wa Jessica, Woodman, Thomas, Deguara, Jean, Garcea, Giuseppe, Babu, Benoy I., Dennison, A. R., Malde, Deep, Lloyd, David, Satheesan, Steve, Al-Taan, Omer, Boddy, Alexander, Slavin, John P., Jones, Robert P., Ballance, Laura, Gerakopoulos, Stratos, Jambulingam, Periyathambi, Mansour, Sami, Sakai, Naomi, Acharya, Vikas, Sadat, Mohammed M., Karim, Lawen, Larkin, David, Amin, Khalid, Khan, Amarah, Law, Jennifer, Jamdar, Saurabh, Smith, Stella R., Sampat, Keerthika, O’Shea, Kathryn M., Manu, Mangta, Asprou, Fotini M., Malik, Nabeela S., Chang, Jessica, Lewis, Michael, Roberts, Geoffrey P., Karavadra, Babu, Photi, Evangelos, Hewes, James, Rodriguez, Dan, O’Reilly, Derek A., Rate, Anthony J., Sekhar, Hema, Henderson, Lucy T., Starmer, Benjamin Z., Coe, Peter O., Tolofari, Sotonye, Barrie, Jenifer, Bashir, Gareth, Sloane, Jake, Madanipour, Suroosh, Halkias, Constantine, Trevatt, Alexander E. J., Borowski, David W., Hornsby, Jane, Courtney, Michael J., Virupaksha, Suvi, Seymour, Keith, Robinson, Sarah, Hawkins, Helen, Bawa, Sadiq, Gallagher, Paul V., Reid, Alistair, Wood, Peter, Finch, J. G., Guy Finch, J., Parmar, J., Stirland, E., Gardner-Thorpe, James, Al-Muhktar, Ahmed, Peterson, Mark, Majeed, Ali, Bajwa, Farrukh M., Martin, Jack, Choy, Alfred, Tsang, Andrew, Pore, Naresh, Andrew, David R., Al-Khyatt, Waleed, Bhandari, Christopher Taylor Santosh, Chambers, Adam, Subramanium, Dhivya, Toh, Simon K. C., Carter, Nicholas C., Tate, Sophie, Pearce, Belinda, Wainwright, Denise, Mercer, Stuart J., Knight, Benjamin, Vijay, Vardhini, Alagaratnam, Swethan, Sinha, Sidhartha, Khan, Shahab, El-Hasani, Shamsi S., Hussain, Abdulzahra A., Bhattacharya, Vish, Kansal, Nisheeth, Fasih, Tani, Jackson, Claire, Siddiqui, Midhat N., Chishti, Imran A., Fordham, Imogen J., Siddiqui, Zohaib, Bausbacher, Harald, Geogloma, Ileana, Gurung, Kabita, Tsavellas, George, Basynat, Pradeep, Shrestha, Ashish Kiran, Basu, Sanjoy, Harilingam, Alok Chhabra Mohan, Rabie, Mohamed, Akhtar, Mansoor, Kumar, Pradeep, Jafferbhoy, Sadaf F., Hussain, Najam, Raza, Soulat, Haque, Manzarul, Alam, Imran, Aseem, Rabiya, Patel, Shakira, Asad, Mehek, Booth, Michael I., Ball, William R., Wood, Christopher P. J., Pinho-Gomes, Ana C., Kausar, Ambareen, Obeidallah, Moh’d Rami, Varghase, Joseph, Lodhia, Joshil, Bradley, Donal, Rengifo, Carla, Lindsay, David, Gopalswamy, Sivakumar, Finlay, Ian, Wardle, Stacy, Bullen, Naomi, Iftikhar, Syed Yusuf, Awan, Altaf, Ahmed, Javed, Leeder, Paul, Fusai, Guiseppe, Bond-Smith, Giles, Psica, Alicja, Puri, Yogesh, Hou, David, Noble, Fergus, Szentpali, Karoly, Broadhurst, Jack, Date, Ravindra, Hossack, Martin R., Goh, Yan Li, Turner, Paul, Shetty, Vinutha, Riera, Manel, Macano, Christina A. W., Sukha, Anisha, Preston, Shaun R., Hoban, Jennifer R., Puntis, Daniel J., Williams, Sophie V., Krysztopik, Richard, Kynaston, James, Batt, Jeremy, Doe, Matthew, Goscimski, Andrzej, Jones, Gareth H., Hall, Claire, Carty, Nick, Ahmed, Jamil, Panteleimonitis, Sofoklis, Gunasekera, Rohan T., Sheel, Andrea R. G., Lennon, Hannah, Hindley, Caroline, Reddy, Marcus, Kenny, Ross, Elkheir, Natalie, Mcglone, Emma R., Rajaganeshan, Rajasundaram, Hancorn, Kate, Hargreaves, Anita, Prasad, Raj, Longbotham, David A., Vijayanand, Dhakshinamoorthy, Wijetunga, Imeshi, Ziprin, Paul, Nicolay, Christopher R., Yeldham, Geoffrey, Read, Edward, Gossage, James A., Rolph, Rachel C., Ebied, Husam, Phull, Manraj, Khan, Mohammad A., Popplewell, Matthew, Kyriakidis, Dimitrios, Hussain, Anwar, Henley, Natasha, Packer, Jessica R., Derbyshire, Laura, Porter, Jonathan, Appleton, Shaun, Farouk, Marwan, Basra, Melvinder, Jennings, Neil A., Ali, Shahda, Kanakala, Venkatesh, Ali, Haythem, Lane, Risha, Dickson-Lowe, Richard, Zarsadias, Prizzi, Mirza, Darius, Puig, Sonia, Amari, Khalid Al, Vijayan, Deepak, Sutcliffe, Robert, Marudanayagam, Ravi, Hamady, Zayed, Prasad, Abheesh R., Patel, Abhilasha, Durkin, Damien, Kaur, Parminder, Bowen, Laura, Byrne, James P., Pearson, Katherine L., Delisle, Theo G., Davies, James, Tomlinson, Mark A., Johnpulle, Michelle A., Slawinski, Corinna, Macdonald, Andrew, Nicholson, James, Newton, Katy, Mbuvi, James, Farooq, Ansar, Mothe, Bhavani Sidhartha, Zafrani, Zakhi, Brett, Daniel, Francombe, James, Barnes, James, Cheung, Melanie, Al-Bahrani, Ahmed Z., Preziosi, Giuseppe, Urbonas, Tomas, Alberts, Justin, Mallik, Mekhlola, Patel, Krashna, Segaran, Ashvina, Doulias, Triantafyllos, Sufi, Pratik A., Yao, Caroline, Pollock, Sarah, Manzelli, Antonio, Wajed, Saj, Kourkulos, Michail, Pezzuto, Roberto, Wadley, Martin, Hamilton, Emma, Jaunoo, Shameen, Padwick, Robert, Sayegh, Mazin, Newton, Richard C., Hebbar, Madhusoodhana, Farag, Sameh F., Spearman, John, Hamdan, Mohammed F., D’Costa, Conrad, Blane, Christine, Giles, Mathew, Peter, Mark B., Hirst, Natalie A., Hossain, Tanvir, El-Dhuwaib, Arslan Pannu Yesar, Morrison, Tamsin E. M., Taylor, Greg W., Thompson, Ronald L. E., Mccune, Ken, Loughlin, Paula, Lawther, Roger, Byrnes, Colman K., Simpson, Duncan J., Mawhinney, Abi, Warren, Conor, Mckay, Damian, Mcilmunn, Colin, Martin, Serena, Macartney, Matthew, Diamond, Tom, Davey, Phil, Jones, Claire, Clements, Joshua M., Digney, Ruairi, Chan, Wei Ming, Mccain, Stephen, Gull, Sadaf, Janeczko, Adam, Dorrian, Emmet, Harris, Andrew, Dawson, Suzanne, Johnston, Dorothy, Mcaree, Barry, Ghareeb, Essam, Thomas, George, Connelly, Martin, Mckenzie, Stephen, Cieplucha, Krzysztos, Spence, Gary, Campbell, William, Hooks, Gareth, Bradley, Neil, Hill, Arnold D. K., Cassidy, John T., Boland, Michael, Burke, Paul, Nally, Deirdre M., Khogali, Elmoataz, Shabo, Wael, Iskandar, Edrin, Mcentee, Gerry P., O’Neill, Maeve A., Peirce, Colin, Lyons, Emma M., O’Sullivan, Adrian W., Thakkar, Rohan, Carroll, Paul, Ivanovski, Ivan, Balfe, Paul, Lee, Matthew, Winter, Des C., Kelly, Michael E., Hoti, Emir, Maguire, Donal, Karunakaran, Priyadarssini, Geoghegan, Justin G., Mcdermott, Frank, Martin, Sean T., Cross, Keith S., Cooke, Fiachra, Zeeshan, Saquib, Murphy, James O., Mealy, Ken, Mohan, Helen M., Nedujchelyn, Yuwaraja, Ullah, Muhammad Fahad, Ahmed, Irfan, Giovinazzo, Francesco, Milburn, James, Prince, Sarah, Brooke, Eleanor, Buchan, Joanna, Khalil, Ahmed M., Vaughan, Elizabeth M., Ramage, Michael I., Aldridge, Roland C., Gibson, Simon, Nicholson, Gary A., Vass, David G., Grant, Alan J., Holroyd, David J., Angharad Jones, M., Sutton, Cherith M. L. R., O’Dwyer, Patrick, Nilsson, Frida, Weber, Beatrix, Williamson, Tracey K., Lalla, Kushik, Bryant, Alice, Ross Carter, C., Forrest, Craig R., Hunter, David I., Nassar, Ahmad H., Orizu, Mavis N., Knight, Katrina, Qandeel, Haitham, Suttie, Stuart, Belding, Rowena, Mcclarey, Andrew, Boyd, Alan T., Guthrie, Graeme J. K., Lim, Pei J., Luhmann, Andreas, Watson, Angus J. M., Richards, Colin H., Nicol, Laura, Madurska, Marta, Harrison, Ewen, Boyce, Kathryn M., Roebuck, Amanda, Ferguson, Graeme, Pati, Pradeep, Wilson, Michael S. J., Dalgaty, Faith, Fothergill, Laura, Driscoll, Peter J., Mozolowski, Kirsty L., Banwell, Victoria, Bennett, Stephen P., Rogers, Paul N., Skelly, Brendan L., Rutherford, Claire L., Mirza, Ahmed K., Lazim, Taha, Lim, Henry C. C., Duke, Diana, Ahmed, Talat, Beasley, William D., Wilkinson, Marc D., Maharaj, Geta, Malcolm, Cathy, Brown, Timothy H., Al-Sarireh, Bilal, Shingler, Guy M., Mowbray, Nicholas, Radwan, Rami, Morcous, Paul, Wood, Simon, Kadhim, Abbas, Stewart, Duncan J., Baker, Andrew L., Tanner, Nicola, Shenoy, Hrishikesh, Hafiz, Shazia, De Marchi, Joshua A., Singh-Ranger, Deepak, Hisham, Elzanati, Ainley, Paul, John Terrace, Stephen O’Neill., Napetti, Sara, Hopwood, Benjamin, Rhys, Thomas, Downing, Justine, Kanavati, Osama, Coats, Maria, Aleksandrov, Danail, Kallaway, Charlotte, Yahya, Salama, Templeton, Alexa, Trotter, Martin, Christina, Lo, Dhillon, Ajit, Heywood, Nick, Aawsaj, Yousif, Hamdan, Alhafidz, Reece-Bolton, Obuobi, Mcguigan, Andrew, Shahin, Yousef, Aymon, Null, Luther, Ali Alison, Nicholson, James A., Rajendran, Ilayaraja, Boal, Matthew, and Ritchie, Judith

Subjects
Surgery
Published
2018

133. Cytotoxic Effect of Selected Wild Medicinal Plant Species from Jordan on Two Different Breast Cancer Cell Lines, MCF7 and T47D

Author

Yasser Bustanji, Israa Yousef, Sawan Oran, Dawud Al-Eisawi, and Bashaer Abu-Irmaileh

Subjects
Traditional medicine, biology, Cancer, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Ajuga, 0104 chemical sciences, Micromeria, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, MTT assay, 030212 general & internal medicine, Viability assay, skin and connective tissue diseases, Cytotoxicity
Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in females in Jordan, it accounts for about 35.3% of all female cancers. Searching for alternative medicine from plants for breast cancer is a paramount importance. No studies have investigated the cytotoxic effect of the plants of Ajuga chia, Micromeria nervosa and Origanum dayi that are belonging to the family Lamiaceae and are growing wild in Jordan.Objective: To investigate the cytotoxic effect of the A. chia, M. nervosa and O. dayi plant species against two different breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and T47D.Materials and methods: The aerial parts of the aforementioned plant species were extracted with water and ethanol. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay, after incubation with various concentrations of plant extracts.Results: A pronounced cytotoxic effect of the ethanolic extract of O. dayi against MCF7 and T47D cell lines, with IC50=99.4 ± 2.9 and 250 ± 4 μg/mL respectively. The ethanolic extract of A. chia has shown cytotoxic effect against T47D cell line with IC50=200 ± 5.2. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of M. nervosa did not show any toxicity against the aforementioned cell lines. The three plant species showed selectivity when they were tested on fibroblasts (normal cells).Conclusion: Origanum dayi exhibited good cytotoxicity against aforementioned cell lines among the detected plant species, so O. dayi is considered a candidate for the development of a novel agent against breast cancer.

Published
2018
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134. The development and validation of a scoring tool to predict the operative duration of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Author

Bharamgoudar, R., Sonsale, A., Hodson, J., Griffiths, E., Vohra, R.S., Kirkham, A.J., Pasquali, S., Marriott, P., Johnstone, M., Spreadborough, P., Alderson, D., Griffiths, E.A., Fenwick, S., Elmasry, M., Nunes, Q.M., Kennedy, D., Khan, R.B., Khan, M.A.S., Magee, C.J., Jones, S.M., Mason, D., Parappally, C.P., Mathur, P., Saunders, M., Jamel, S., Haque, S.U., Zafar, S., Shiwani, M.H., Samuel, N., Dar, F., Jackson, A., Lovett, B., Dindyal, S., Winter, H., Fletcher, T., Rahman, S., Wheatley, K., Nieto, T., Ayaani, S., Youssef, H., Nijjar, R.S., Watkin, H., Naumann, D., Emesih, S., Sarmah, P.B., Lee, K., Joji, N., Lambert, J., Heath, J., Teasdale, R.L., Weerasinghe, C., Needham, P.J., Welbourn, H., Forster, L., Finch, D., Blazeby, J.M., Robb, W., McNair, A.G.K., Hrycaiczuk, A., Charalabopoulos, A., Kadirkamanathan, S., Tang, C.-B., Jayanthi, N.V.G., Noor, N., Dobbins, B., Cockbain, A.J., Nilsen-Nunn, A., de Siqueira, J., Pellen, M., Cowley, J.B., Ho, W.-M., Miu, V., White, T.J., Hodgkins, K.A., Kinghorn, A., Tutton, M.G., Al-Abed, Y.A., Menzies, D., Ahmad, A., Reed, J., Khan, S., Monk, D., Vitone, L.J., Murtaza, G., Joel, A., Brennan, S., Shier, D., Zhang, C., Yoganathan, T., Robinson, S.J., McCallum, I.J.D., Jones, M.J., Elsayed, M., Tuck, L., Wayman, J., Carney, K., Aroori, S., Hosie, K.B., Kimble, A., Bunting, D.M., Fawole, A.S., Basheer, M., Dave, R.V., Sarveswaran, J., Jones, E., Kendal, C., Tilston, M.P., Gough, M., Wallace, T., Singh, S., Mockford, J.D.K.A., Issa, E., Shah, N., Chauhan, N., Wilson, T.R., Forouzanfar, A., Wild, J.R.L., Nofal, E., Bunnell, C., Madbak, K., Rao, S.T.V., Devoto, L., Siddiqi, N., Khawaja, Z., Hewes, J.C., Gould, L., Chambers, A., Rodriguez, D.U., Sen, G., Robinson, S., Bartlett, F., Rae, D.M., Stevenson, T.E.J., Sarvananthan, K., Dwerryhouse, S.J., Higgs, S.M., Old, O.J., Hardy, T.J., Shah, R., Hornby, S.T., Keogh, K., Frank, L., Al-Akash, M., Upchurch, E.A., Frame, R.J., Hughes, M., Jelley, C., Weaver, S., Roy, S., Sillo, T.O., Galanopoulos, G., Cuming, T., Cunha, P., Tayeh, S., Kaptanis, S., Heshaishi, M., Eisawi, A., Abayomi, M., Ngu, W.S., Fleming, K., Bajwa, D.S., Chitre, V., Aryal, K., Ferris, P., Silva, M., Lammy, S., Mohamed, S., Khawaja, A., Hussain, A., Ghazanfar, M.A., Bellini, M.I., Ebdewi, H., Elshaer, M., Gravante, G., Drake, B., Ogedegbe, A., Mukherjee, D., Arhi, C., Giwa, L., Iqbal, N., Watson, N.F., Aggarwal, S.K., Orchard, P., Villatoro, E., Willson, P.D., Mok, K.W.J., Woodman, T., Deguara, J., Garcea, G., Babu, B.I., Dennison, A.R., Malde, D., Lloyd, D., Satheesan, S., Al-Taan, O., Boddy, A., Slavin, J.P., Jones, R.P., Ballance, L., Gerakopoulos, S., Jambulingam, P., Mansour, S., Sakai, N., Acharya, V., Sadat, M.M., Karim, L., Larkin, D., Amin, K., Khan, A., Law, J., Jamdar, S., Smith, S.R., Sampat, K., O?shea, K.M., Manu, M., Asprou, F.M., Malik, N.S., Chang, J., Lewis, M., Roberts, G.P., Karavadra, B., Photi, E., Hewes, J., Rodriguez, D., O?Reilly, D.A., Rate, A.J., Sekhar, H., Henderson, L.T., Starmer, B.Z., Coe, P.O., Tolofari, S., Barrie, J., Bashir, G., Sloane, J., Madanipour, S., Halkias, C., Trevatt, A.E.J., Borowski, D.W., Hornsby, J., Courtney, M.J., Virupaksha, S., Seymour, K., Hawkins, H., Bawa, S., Gallagher, P.V., Reid, A., Wood, P., Finch, J.G., Guy Finch, J., Parmar, J., Stirland, E., Gardner-Thorpe, J., Al-Muhktar, A., Peterson, M., Majeed, A., Bajwa, F.M., Martin, J., Choy, A., Tsang, A., Pore, N., Andrew, D.R., Al-Khyatt, W., Taylor, C., Bhandari, S., Subramanium, D., Toh, S.K.C., Carter, N.C., Tate, S., Pearce, B., Wainwright, D., Mercer, S.J., Knight, B., Vijay, V., Alagaratnam, S., Sinha, S., El-Hasani, S.S., Hussain, A.A., Bhattacharya, V., Kansal, N., Fasih, T., Jackson, C., Siddiqui, M.N., Chishti, I.A., Fordham, I.J., Siddiqui, Z., Bausbacher, H., Geogloma, I., Gurung, K., Tsavellas, G., Basynat, P., Shrestha, A.K., Basu, S., Chhabra, A., Harilingam, M., Rabie, M., Akhtar, M., Kumar, P., Jafferbhoy, S.F., Hussain, N., Raza, S., Haque, M., Alam, I., Aseem, R., Patel, S., Asad, M., Booth, M.I., Ball, W.R., Wood, C.P.J., Pinho-Gomes, A.C., Kausar, A., Obeidallah, M.R., Varghase, J., Lodhia, J., Bradley, D., Rengifo, C., Lindsay, D., Gopalswamy, S., Finlay, I., Wardle, S., Bullen, N., Iftikhar, S.Y., Awan, A., Ahmed, J., Leeder, P., Fusai, G., Bond-Smith, G., Psica, A., Puri, Y., Hou, D., Noble, F., Szentpali, K., Broadhurst, J., Date, R., Hossack, M.R., Goh, Y.L., Turner, P., Shetty, V., Riera, M., Macano, C.A.W., Sukha, A., Preston, S.R., Hoban, J.R., Puntis, D.J., Williams, S.V., Krysztopik, R., Kynaston, J., Batt, J., Doe, M., Goscimski, A., Jones, G.H., Hall, C., Carty, N., Panteleimonitis, S., Gunasekera, R.T., Sheel, A.R.G., Lennon, H., Hindley, C., Reddy, M., Kenny, R., Elkheir, N., McGlone, E.R., Rajaganeshan, R., Hancorn, K., Hargreaves, A., Prasad, R., Longbotham, D.A., Vijayanand, D., Wijetunga, I., Ziprin, P., Nicolay, C.R., Yeldham, G., Read, E., Gossage, J.A., Rolph, R.C., Ebied, H., Phull, M., Khan, M.A., Popplewell, M., Kyriakidis, D., Henley, N., Packer, J.R., Derbyshire, L., Porter, J., Appleton, S., Farouk, M., Basra, M., Jennings, N.A., Ali, S., Kanakala, V., Ali, H., Lane, R., Dickson-Lowe, R., Zarsadias, P., Mirza, D., Puig, S., Al Amari, K., Vijayan, D., Sutcliffe, R., Marudanayagam, R., Hamady, Z., Prasad, A.R., Patel, A., Durkin, D., Kaur, P., Bowen, L., Byrne, J.P., Pearson, K.L., Delisle, T.G., Davies, J., Tomlinson, M.A., Johnpulle, M.A., Slawinski, C., Macdonald, A., Nicholson, J., Newton, K., Mbuvi, J., Farooq, A., Mothe, B.S., Zafrani, Z., Brett, D., Francombe, J., Barnes, J., Cheung, M., Al-Bahrani, A.Z., Preziosi, G., Urbonas, T., Alberts, J., Mallik, M., Patel, K., Segaran, A., Doulias, T., Sufi, P.A., Yao, C., Pollock, S., Manzelli, A., Wajed, S., Kourkulos, M., Pezzuto, R., Wadley, M., Hamilton, E., Jaunoo, S., Padwick, R., Sayegh, M., Newton, R.C., Hebbar, M., Farag, S.F., Spearman, J., Hamdan, M.F., D?Costa, C., Blane, C., Giles, M., Peter, M.B., Hirst, N.A., Hossain, T., Pannu, A., El-Dhuwaib, Y., Morrison, T.E.M., Taylor, G.W., Thompson, R.L.E., McCune, K., Loughlin, P., Lawther, R., Byrnes, C.K., Simpson, D.J., Mawhinney, A., Warren, C., McKay, D., McIlmunn, C., Martin, S., MacArtney, M., Diamond, T., Davey, P., Jones, C., Clements, J.M., Digney, R., Chan, W.M., McCain, S., Gull, S., Janeczko, A., Dorrian, E., Harris, A., Dawson, S., Johnston, D., McAree, B., Ghareeb, E., Thomas, G., Connelly, M., McKenzie, S., Cieplucha, K., Spence, G., Campbell, W., Hooks, G., Bradley, N., Hill, A.D.K., Cassidy, J.T., Boland, M., Burke, P., Nally, D.M., Khogali, E., Shabo, W., Iskandar, E., McEntee, G.P., O?Neill, M.A., Peirce, C., Lyons, E.M., O?Sullivan, A.W., Thakkar, R., Carroll, P., Ivanovski, I., Balfe, P., Lee, M., Winter, D.C., Kelly, M.E., Hoti, E., Maguire, D., Karunakaran, P., Geoghegan, J.G., McDermott, F., Martin, S.T., Cross, K.S., Cooke, F., Zeeshan, S., Murphy, J.O., Mealy, K., Mohan, H.M., Nedujchelyn, Y., Ullah, M.F., Ahmed, I., Giovinazzo, F., Milburn, J., Prince, S., Brooke, E., Buchan, J., Khalil, A.M., Vaughan, E.M., Ramage, M.I., Aldridge, R.C., Gibson, S., Nicholson, G.A., Vass, D.G., Grant, A.J., Holroyd, D.J., Jones, M.A., Sutton, C.M.L.R., O?Dwyer, P., Nilsson, F., Weber, B., Williamson, T.K., Lalla, K., Bryant, A., Carter, C.R., Forrest, C.R., Hunter, D.I., Nassar, A.H., Orizu, M.N., Knight, K., Qandeel, H., Suttie, S., Belding, R., McClarey, A., Boyd, A.T., Guthrie, G.J.K., Lim, P.J., Luhmann, A., Watson, A.J.M., Richards, C.H., Nicol, L., Madurska, M., Harrison, E., Boyce, K.M., Roebuck, A., Ferguson, G., Pati, P., Wilson, M.S.J., Dalgaty, F., Fothergill, L., Driscoll, P.J., Mozolowski, K.L., Banwell, V., Bennett, S.P., Rogers, P.N., Skelly, B.L., Rutherford, C.L., Mirza, A.K., Lazim, T., Lim, H.C.C., Duke, D., Ahmed, T., Beasley, W.D., Wilkinson, M.D., Maharaj, G., Malcolm, C., Brown, T.H., Al-Sarireh, B., Shingler, G.M., Mowbray, N., Radwan, R., Morcous, P., Wood, S., Kadhim, A., Stewart, D.J., Baker, A.L., Tanner, N., Shenoy, H., Hafiz, S., De Marchi, J.A., Singh-Ranger, D., Hisham, E., Ainley, P., O?Neill, S., Terrace, J., Napetti, S., Hopwood, B., Rhys, T., Downing, J., Kanavati, O., Coats, M., Aleksandrov, D., Kallaway, C., Yahya, S., Templeton, A., Trotter, M., Lo, C., Dhillon, A., Heywood, N., Aawsaj, Y., Hamdan, A., Reece-Bolton, O., McGuigan, A., Shahin, Y., Aymon, Luther, A.A., Nicholson, J.A., Rajendran, I., Boal, M., and Ritchie, J.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Scoring tool, medicine.medical_specialty, Patient factors, medicine.medical_treatment, Operative Time, Operative duration, 030230 surgery, Logistic regression, Article, patient factors, 03 medical and health sciences, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 0302 clinical medicine, Patient satisfaction, 030202 anesthesiology, Interquartile range, medicine, Humans, theatre utilisation, Propensity Score, Aged, Framingham Risk Score, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, prediction, Middle Aged, operative duration, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic, ROC Curve, scoring tool, Centre for Surgical Research, Elective Surgical Procedures, Theatre utilisation, Emergency medicine, Cohort, Propensity score matching, Female, Surgery, Cholecystectomy, Prediction, business
Abstract

Background The ability to accurately predict operative duration has the potential to optimise theatre efficiency and utilisation, thus reducing costs and increasing staff and patient satisfaction. With laparoscopic cholecystectomy being one of the most commonly performed procedures worldwide, a tool to predict operative duration could be extremely beneficial to healthcare organisations. Methods Data collected from the CholeS study on patients undergoing cholecystectomy in UK and Irish hospitals between 04/2014 and 05/2014 were used to study operative duration. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was produced in order to identify significant independent predictors of long (> 90 min) operations. The resulting model was converted to a risk score, which was subsequently validated on second cohort of patients using ROC curves. Results After exclusions, data were available for 7227 patients in the derivation (CholeS) cohort. The median operative duration was 60 min (interquartile range 45–85), with 17.7% of operations lasting longer than 90 min. Ten factors were found to be significant independent predictors of operative durations > 90 min, including ASA, age, previous surgical admissions, BMI, gallbladder wall thickness and CBD diameter. A risk score was then produced from these factors, and applied to a cohort of 2405 patients from a tertiary centre for external validation. This returned an area under the ROC curve of 0.708 (SE = 0.013, p 90 min increasing more than eightfold from 5.1 to 41.8% in the extremes of the score. Conclusion The scoring tool produced in this study was found to be significantly predictive of long operative durations on validation in an external cohort. As such, the tool may have the potential to enable organisations to better organise theatre lists and deliver greater efficiencies in care.

Published
2018
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135. Seroprevalence of spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae infection in domestic ruminants in Khartoum State, Sudan

Author

Eisawi, Nagwa, Hassan, Dina, Hussien, Mohammed, Musa, Azza, and Hussein, Abdel

Subjects
Veterinary Sciences
Abstract

Spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiosis is caused by obligatory intracellular Gram-negative bacteria that belong to the genus Rickettsia. Ticks belonging to the family Ixodidae can act as vectors, reservoirs or amplifiers of SFG rickettsiae. This study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of SFG rickettsioses in cattle, sheep and goats from Khartoum State, Sudan. Blood samples were collected from a total of 600 animals (sheep, goats and cattle) from 32 different farms distributed in three locations in Khartoum State during the period January to December 2012. Sera were tested for antibodies against SFG rickettsiae using IFAT. The prevalence of seropositivity was 59.3% in sheep, 60.1% in goats and 64.4% in cattle. Season was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with seroprevalence of SFG rickettsiae in cattle during winter. The SFG rickettsiae antibodies prevalence was significantly higher in female compared with male in sheep, but there were no significant differences between male and female in either cattle or goats. The prevalence was significantly higher in adult animals compared with young in both sheep and goats. With regard to management system, there was a significant difference in the prevalence in cattle raised in closed system compared with those raised in semi-intensive system. In contrast, there was significant difference in the seroprevalence of SFG in sheep where the prevalence was higher in the sheep raised in semi-intensive system compared with those raised in close system. There was no significant difference in the seroprevalence in goats with regard to management systems. The unexpected high prevalence of SFG rickettsia antibodies in domestic ruminants sera suggest that the veterinary and public health impact of these agents in Sudan need further evaluation especially in humans.

Published
2017

136. Medicinal plants in the high mountains of northern Jordan

Author

Sawsan A. Oran and Dawud M. Al Eisawi

Subjects
Folk medicine, Geography, Environmental protection, Plant species, food and beverages, Transect, Medicinal plants, Archaeology
Abstract

The status of medicinal plants in the high mountains of northern Jordan was evaluated. A total of 227 plant species belonging to 54 genera and 60 families were recorded. The survey is based on field trips conducted in the areas that include Salt, Jarash, Balka, Amman and Irbid governorates. Line transect method was used; collection of plant species was done and voucher specimens were deposited. A map for the target area was provided; the location of the study area grids in relation to their governorate was included. Key words: Medicinal plants, high mountains of northern Jordan, folk medicine.

Published
2014
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137. Expression of P27 and P53 Protein in Hodgkin's Lymphoma Patient Using Immunohistochemistry in Anbar Province.

Author

GEERAN AL-FAHDAWI, ABDUL RAHMAN M., AL-EISAWI, NAFE SAMI, and SALIHSHALLAL, MAHDI

Subjects
*HODGKIN'S disease, *PATIENTS, *IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY, *BIOPSY, *P53 protein
Abstract

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is the type of lymphoma, contains cells called Reed Sternberg cells. It is a common lymphoid malignancy that is diagnosed mostly in young adults. The present study was carried out on fifty Iraqi patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma. They were visited AL-Ramadi Teaching hospital during the period from January 2016 to March 2017. The patients included 43 males and 7 females. Fifty blocks of tissue biopsy from those patients were collected. The diagnosis was achieved according to histopathological findings. Evaluation of p53 and p27 proteins in these biopsies was examined in paraffin-embedded tissue sections .The control group was ten slides from healthy individuals with no HL. Immunohistochemistry study was carried out on the tissue biopsy samples of those patients according to Ramos -Vera (2005) procedure. The results revealed that p53 overexpression was in 22 patients (44%) with (score3), 15 patients (30%) (Score 2), and finally 13 patients (26%) with (score4) while (score 0 and score 1) were characterized by no expression. Regarding to p27 protein expression of Hodgkin's lymphoma patients, the results were 26 patients (52%) with (score3), 17 patients (34%) (Score 2), and finally 7 patients (14 %) with (score4) while absent in both (score 0 and score 1). The presence of p53 and p27 proteins in the patients' tissues with Hodgkin's lymphoma indicates that expression of these genes and they are playing a role in the development and occurrence of these tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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138. A Novel Dual-Phase Activation-Dependent Foot-Switch Mechanism for Surgical Energy Devices as an Asset in Early Surgical Training: A Proof of Concept Study.

Author

Eisawi, Abdalla, Aung, Myat, and Canelo, Ruben

Subjects
FOOT physiology, DIATHERMY, OPERATIVE surgery, PRODUCT design, QUESTIONNAIRES, PATIENT safety
Abstract

Introduction. Many processes exist that limit or eliminate the incidence of adverse events in general surgery including the World Health Organization safety checklist. Technology and device advancement has a potentially expanding role in the context of surgical safety. Materials and Methods. A dual controlled accessory electrical diathermy footswitch (Permissive diathermy foot switch device or PDf) device concept was developed in an effort to improve patient safety in theatre and enhance opportunities in training. Electrical diathermy is only activated if the senior supervising surgeon and the novice surgeon simultaneously activate their interconnected footswitches. The activation of the PDf accessory footswitch device allows a senior surgeon to exert control on "initiation" of activation of diathermy devices operated by a novice surgeon (foot on pedal) as well as when desiring to deactivate the device (foot off pedal). Results. A process of designing and prototyping was initiated to define the purpose and the functionality of the PDf device up till the stage of a fully functioning prototype. The PDf device was constructed as a final working and tested prototype in association with the local medical engineering department at the Cumberland Infirmary in Carlisle. The device was on a nonbiological model to determine efficacy and safety and passed its laboratory testing phase and was deemed ready for clinical use. Conclusion. We demonstrated the feasibility and functionality of the PDf device and propose a positive role in surgical training in the context of early surgical training and specific circumstances where more control is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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139. Vigabatrin with hormonal treatment versus hormonal treatment alone (ICISS) for infantile spasms: 18-month outcomes of an open-label, randomised controlled trial

Author

O'Callaghan, Finbar J K, primary, Edwards, Stuart W, additional, Alber, Fabienne Dietrich, additional, Cortina Borja, Mario, additional, Hancock, Eleanor, additional, Johnson, Anthony L, additional, Kennedy, Colin R, additional, Likeman, Marcus, additional, Lux, Andrew L, additional, Mackay, Mark T, additional, Mallick, Andrew A, additional, Newton, Richard W, additional, Nolan, Melinda, additional, Pressler, Ronit, additional, Rating, Dietz, additional, Schmitt, Bernhard, additional, Verity, Christopher M, additional, Osborne, John P, additional, Abdel Aziz, Maysara, additional, Acharya, Triloknath, additional, Adcock, Carolyn, additional, Jones, Robert, additional, Howells, Rachel, additional, Marsh, Ben, additional, Adejare, Kemi, additional, Adiga, Rashmi, additional, Wheater, Mary, additional, Ahmed, Mansoor, additional, Sawal, Mohammad, additional, Goel, Chhavi, additional, Ahmed, MAS, additional, Alber, Michael, additional, Wolff, Markus, additional, Ruf, Susanne, additional, Al-Kharusi, Asya, additional, Al-Moasseb, Hassan, additional, Arora, Ruchi, additional, Beach, Richard, additional, Atkinson, Patricia, additional, Ayonrinde, Kunle, additional, Bala, Pronab, additional, Bamford, Nicola, additional, Barakat, Nagi, additional, Basheer, Nigel, additional, Baxter, Peter, additional, Mordekar, Santosh, additional, Rittey, Chris, additional, Borggraefe, Ingo, additional, Borusiak, Peter, additional, Cagnoli, Sabine, additional, Brown, Richard, additional, Calvert, Sophie, additional, Cameron, Duncan, additional, Chaniyil, Ramesh, additional, Chinthapalli, Ravi, additional, Chow, Gabriel, additional, Whitehouse, William, additional, Clarke, Vinodhini, additional, Cooper, Chris, additional, Datta, Alexane, additional, D'Costa, Selwyn, additional, de Goede, Christian, additional, Basu, Helen, additional, Deekollu, David, additional, Della Marina, Adela, additional, Dison, Penelope, additional, Dunkley, Colin, additional, Eaton, Megan, additional, Ellison, Julie, additional, Pugh, Robert, additional, Fallon, Penny, additional, Faza, Hani, additional, Choonara, Imti, additional, Morton, Richard, additional, Ratnayaka, Mal, additional, Ferrie, Colin, additional, Freeman, Amanda, additional, Warriner, Stephen, additional, Garcia, Maria, additional, Ghazavi, Malihe, additional, Gibbon, Frances, additional, Gibbs, John, additional, Ginbey, Des, additional, Guarino, Iolanda, additional, Gupta, Rajesh, additional, Hanlon, Mary, additional, Harris, Siân, additional, Munyard, Paul, additional, Hemingway, Cheryl, additional, Eltze, Christin, additional, Kaliakatsos, Marios, additional, Murugan, Velayutham, additional, Robinson, Robert, additional, Tan, Jeen, additional, Hindley, Daniel, additional, Hughes, Adrian, additional, Hussain, Akmal, additional, Boden, Greg, additional, Hussain, Munir, additional, Hussain, Nahin, additional, Dabydeen, Lyvia, additional, Irwin, Kate, additional, Jacobs, Julia, additional, Jauhari, Praveen, additional, Minchom, Philip, additional, Jones, Simon, additional, Karenfort, Michael, additional, Keimer, Reinhard, additional, Kennedy, Colin, additional, Kirkham, Fenella, additional, Whitney, Andrea, additional, Kirkpatrick, Martin, additional, Jollands, Alice, additional, Kneen, Rachel, additional, Iyer, Anand, additional, McTague, Amy, additional, Spinty, Stefan, additional, Kumar, Ramesh, additional, Kurlemann, Gerhard, additional, Lee, Matthew, additional, Jurges, Eman, additional, Levy, Robert, additional, Lewis, Helen, additional, Lewis, Hilary, additional, Lloyd Evans, Andrew, additional, Loh, Ne-Ron, additional, Osborne, John, additional, O'Callaghan, Finbar, additional, Maddicks, Hilary, additional, Luecke, Thomas, additional, Lux, Andrew, additional, Majumdar, Anirban, additional, Vijayakumar, Kayal, additional, MacKay, Mark, additional, Freeman, Jeremy, additional, Hayman, Michael, additional, Kornberg, Andrew, additional, Leventer, Rick, additional, Ryan, Monique, additional, Ware, Tyson, additional, Mancais, Penny, additional, Marinaki, Katina, additional, Massarano, Albert, additional, Mathew, Satheesh, additional, McLellan, Ailsa, additional, Melville, Colin, additional, Mewasingh, Leena, additional, Muhle, Hiltrud, additional, Nagmeldin, Eisawi, additional, Natarajan, Jeyashree, additional, Nelapatla, Suresh, additional, Gondwe, Jailosi, additional, Newton, Richard, additional, Hughes, Imelda, additional, Martland, Tim, additional, McCullagh, Gary, additional, Vassallo, Grace, additional, Nirmal, Stephen, additional, Davis, Suzanne, additional, Patel, Rakesh, additional, Sharpe, Cynthia, additional, Olabi, Anas, additional, O'Neill, Kevin, additional, Gould, Jim, additional, Panzer, Axel, additional, Theophil, Manuela, additional, Parepalli, Srinivas, additional, Hinde, Frank, additional, Smith, Martin, additional, Parker, Alasdair, additional, Chitre, Manali, additional, Philip, Sunny, additional, Gupta, Rajat, additional, Wassmer, Evangeline, additional, Pike, Mike, additional, McShane, Tony, additional, Prakash, Nandhini, additional, Padmakumar, Beena, additional, Pridmore, Clair, additional, Prietsch, Viola, additional, Krieg, Peter, additional, Quinlivan, Ros, additional, Quinn, Michael, additional, Collinson, Andrew, additional, Rajalingam, Usha, additional, Rakshi, Karl, additional, Rao, Tekki, additional, Ravi, Asha, additional, Rifkin, Rob, additional, Roper, Helen, additional, Rowlandson, Piers, additional, Sadleir, Lynette, additional, Sahi, Sanjay, additional, Saraswatula, Arun, additional, O'Sullivan, Siobhan, additional, Saravanan, Kethar, additional, Scammell, Alastair, additional, Rao, Sudhakar, additional, Schubert-Bast, Susanne, additional, Scott, David J, additional, Scott, Fraser, additional, Pye, Matthew, additional, Shah, Ayaz, additional, Stephen, Elma, additional, Shah, Shambhu, additional, Butterfill, Andrew, additional, Shute, Pauline, additional, Singh, Rajeeva, additional, Allogoa, Brigid, additional, Singh, Ravinder, additional, Sinha, Gyanranjan, additional, Sivakumar, Puthuval, additional, Smith, Robert, additional, Sriskandan, Sivaranjini, additional, Steinert, Martin, additional, Strassburg, Michael, additional, Strozzi, Susi, additional, Subramanian, Geeta, additional, and Tandy, Andrew, additional

Published
2018
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144. Cost-effectiveness of emergency versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute gallbladder pathology

Author

A J Sutton, R S Vohra, M Hollyman, P J Marriott, A Buja, D Alderson, S Pasquali, E A Griffiths, P Spreadborough, A Kirkham, S Fenwick, M Elmasry, Q M Nunes, D Kennedy, R B Khan, M A S Khan, C J Magee, S M Jones, D Mason, C P Parappally, P Mathur, M Saunders, S Jamel, S Ul Haque, S Zafar, M H Shiwani, N Samuel, F Dar, A Jackson, B Lovett, S Dindyal, H Winter, T Fletcher, S Rahman, K Wheatley, T Nieto, S Ayaani, H Youssef, R S Nijjar, H Watkin, D Naumann, S Emesih, P B Sarmah, K Lee, N Joji, J Heath, R L Teasdale, C Weerasinghe, P J Needham, H Welbourn, L Forster, D Finch, J M Blazeby, W Robb, A G K McNair, A Hrycaiczuk, A Charalabopoulos, S Kadirkamanathan, C-B Tang, N V G Jayanthi, N Noor, B Dobbins, A J Cockbain, A Nilsen-Nunn, J de Siqueira, M Pellen, J B Cowley, W-M Ho, V Miu, T J White, K A Hodgkins, A Kinghorn, M G Tutton, Y A Al-Abed, D Menzies, A Ahmad, J Reed, S Khan, D Monk, L J Vitone, G Murtaza, A Joel, S Brennan, D Shier, C Zhang, T Yoganathan, S J Robinson, I J D McCallum, M J Jones, M Elsayed, E Tuck, J Wayman, K Carney, S Aroori, K B Hosie, A Kimble, D M Bunting, A S Fawole, M Basheer, R V Dave, J Sarveswaran, E Jones, C Kendal, M P Tilston, M Gough, T Wallace, S Singh, J Downing, K A Mockford, E Issa, N Shah, N Chauhan, T R Wilson, A Forouzanfar, J R L Wild, E Nofal, C Bunnell, K Madbak, S T V Rao, L Devoto, N Siddiqi, Z Khawaja, J C Hewes, L Gould, A Chambers, D U Rodriguez, G Sen, S Robinson, F Bartlett, D M Rae, T E J Stevenson, K Sarvananthan, S J Dwerryhouse, S M Higgs, O J Old, T J Hardy, R Shah, S T Hornby, K Keogh, L Frank, M Al-Akash, E A Upchurch, R J Frame, M Hughes, C Jelley, S Weaver, S Roy, T O Sillo, G Galanopoulos, T Cuming, P Cunha, S Tayeh, S Kaptanis, M Heshaishi, A Eisawi, M Abayomi, W S Ngu, K Fleming, D S Bajwa, V Chitre, K Aryal, P Ferris, M Silva, S Lammy, S Mohamed, A Khawaja, A Hussain, M A Ghazanfar, M I Bellini, H Ebdewi, M Elshaer, G Gravante, B Drake, A Ogedegbe, D Mukherjee, C Arhi, L G N Iqbal, N F Watson, S K Aggarwal, P Orchard, E Villatoro, P D Willson, J Mok, T Woodman, J Deguara, G Garcea, B I Babu, A R Dennison, D Malde, D Lloyd, S Satheesan, O Al-Taan, A Boddy, J P Slavin, R P Jones, L Ballance, S Gerakopoulos, P Jambulingam, S Mansour, N Sakai, V Acharya, M M Sadat, L Karim, D Larkin, K Amin, A Khan, J Law, S Jamdar, S R Smith, K Sampat, K M O'shea, M Manu, F M Asprou, N S Malik, J Chang, M Johnstone, M Lewis, G P Roberts, B Karavadra, E Photi, J Hewes, D Rodriguez, D A O'Reilly, A J Rate, H Sekhar, L T Henderson, B Z Starmer, P O Coe, S Tolofari, J Barrie, G Bashir, J Sloane, S Madanipour, C Halkias, A E J Trevatt, D W Borowski, J Hornsby, M J Courtney, S Virupaksha, K Seymour, H Hawkins, S Bawa, P V Gallagher, A Reid, P Wood, J G Finch, J Parmar, E Stirland, J Gardner-Thorpe, A Al-Muhktar, M Peterson, A Majeed, F M Bajwa, J Martin, A Choy, A Tsang, N Pore, D R Andrew, W Al-Khyatt, C Taylor, S Bhandari, D Subramanium, S K C Toh, N C Carter, S Tate, B Pearce, D Wainwright, S J Mercer, B Knight, V Vijay, S Alagaratnam, S Sinha, S S El-Hasani, A A Hussain, V Bhattacharya, N Kansal, T Fasih, C Jackson, M N Siddiqui, I A Chishti, I J Fordham, Z Siddiqui, H Bausbacher, I Geogloma, K Gurung, G Tsavellas, P Basynat, A K Shrestha, S Basu, A C Mohan, M Harilingam, M Rabie, M Akhtar, P Kumar, S F Jafferbhoy, N Hussain, S Raza, M Haque, I Alam, R Aseem, S Patel, M Asad, M I Booth, W R Ball, C P J Wood, A C Pinho-Gomes, A Kausar, M R Obeidallah, J Varghase, J Lodhia, D Bradley, C Rengifo, D Lindsay, S Gopalswamy, I Finlay, S Wardle, N Bullen, S Y Iftikhar, A Awan, J Ahmed, P Leeder, G Fusai, G Bond-Smith, A Psica, Y Puri, D Hou, F Noble, K Szentpali, J Broadhurst, R Date, M R Hossack, Y L Goh, P Turner, V Shetty, M Riera, C A W Macano, A Sukha, S R Preston, J R Hoban, D J Puntis, S V Williams, R Krysztopik, J Kynaston, J Batt, M Doe, A Goscimski, G H Jones, C Hall, N Carty, S Panteleimonitis, R T Gunasekera, A R G Sheel, H Lennon, C Hindley, M Reddy, R Kenny, N Elkheir, E R McGlone, R Rajaganeshan, K Hancorn, A Hargreaves, R Prasad, D A Longbotham, D Vijayanand, I Wijetunga, P Ziprin, C R Nicolay, G Yeldham, E Read, J A Gossage, R C Rolph, H Ebied, M Phull, M A Khan, M Popplewell, D Kyriakidis, N Henley, J R Packer, L Derbyshire, J Porter, S Appleton, M Farouk, M Basra, N A Jennings, S Ali, V Kanakala, H Ali, R Lane, R Dickson-Lowe, P Zarsadias, D Mirza, S Puig, K Al Amari, D Vijayan, R Sutcliffe, R Marudanayagam, Z Hamady, A R Prasad, A Patel, D Durkin, P Kaur, L Bowen, J P Byrne, K L Pearson, T G Delisle, J Davies, M A Tomlinson, M A Johnpulle, C Slawinski, A Macdonald, J Nicholson, K Newton, J Mbuvi, A Farooq, B S Mothe, Z Zafrani, D Brett, J Francombe, J Barnes, M Cheung, A Z Al-Bahrani, G Preziosi, T Urbonas, J Alberts, M Mallik, K Patel, A Segaran, T Doulias, P A Sufi, C Yao, S Pollock, A Manzelli, S Wajed, M Kourkulos, R Pezzuto, M Wadley, E Hamilton, S Jaunoo, R Padwick, M Sayegh, R C Newton, M Hebbar, S F Farag, J Spearman, M F Hamdan, C D'Costa, C Blane, M Giles, M B Peter, N A Hirst, T Hossain, A Pannu, Y El-Dhuwaib, T E M Morrison, G W Taylor, R L E Thompson, K McCune, P Loughlin, R Lawther, C K Byrnes, D J Simpson, A Mawhinney, C Warren, D McKay, C McIlmunn, S Martin, M MacArtney, T Diamond, P Davey, C Jones, J M Clements, R Digney, W M Chan, S McCain, S Gull, A Janeczko, E Dorrian, A Harris, S Dawson, D Johnston, B McAree, E Ghareeb, G Thomas, M Connelly, S McKenzie, K Cieplucha, G Spence, W Campbell, G Hooks, N Bradley, A D K Hill, J T Cassidy, M Boland, P Burke, D M Nally, E Khogali, W Shabo, E Iskandar, G P McEntee, M A O'Neill, C Peirce, E M Lyons, A W O'Sullivan, R Thakkar, P Carroll, I Ivanovski, P Balfe, M Lee, D C Winter, M E Kelly, E Hoti, D Maguire, P Karunakaran, J G Geoghegan, F McDermott, S T Martin, K S Cross, F Cooke, S Zeeshan, J O Murphy, K Mealy, H M Mohan, Y Nedujchelyn, M F Ullah, I Ahmed, F Giovinazzo, J Milburn, S Prince, E Brooke, J Buchan, A M Khalil, E M Vaughan, M I Ramage, R C Aldridge, S Gibson, G A Nicholson, D G Vass, A J Grant, D J Holroyd, M A Jones, C M L R Sutton, P O'Dwyer, F Nilsson, B Weber, T K Williamson, K Lalla, A Bryant, C R Carter, C R Forrest, D I Hunter, A H Nassar, M N Orizu, K Knight, H Qandeel, S Suttie, R Belding, A McClarey, A T Boyd, G J K Guthrie, P J Lim, A Luhmann, A J M Watson, C H Richards, L Nicol, M Madurska, E Harrison, K M Boyce, A Roebuck, G Ferguson, P Pati, M S J Wilson, F Dalgaty, L Fothergill, P J Driscoll, K L Mozolowski, V Banwell, S P Bennett, P N Rogers, B L Skelly, C L Rutherford, A K Mirza, T Lazim, H C C Lim, D Duke, T Ahmed, W D Beasley, M D Wilkinson, G Maharaj, C Malcolm, T H Brown, G M Shingler, N Mowbray, R Radwan, P Morcous, S Wood, A Kadhim, D J Stewart, A L Baker, N Tanner, H Shenoy, S Hafiz, J A De Marchi, D Singh-Ranger, E Hisham, P Ainley, S O'Neill, J Terrace, S Napetti, B Hopwood, T Rhys, S Kanavati, M Coats, D Aleksandrov, C Kallaway, S Yahya, A Templeton, M Trotter, C Lo, A Dhillon, N Heywood, Y Aawsaj, A Hamdan, O Reece-Bolton, A McGuigan, Y Shahin, A Ali, A Luther, J A Nicholson, I Rajendran, M Boal, and J Ritchie

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cost effectiveness, medicine.medical_treatment, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Gallbladder disease, Population, Cholecystitis, Acute, 030230 surgery, State Medicine, Time-to-Treatment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, education, education.field_of_study, Laparoscopyc cholecystectomy, business.industry, emergency, Cost-effectiveness analysis, Gallbladder, General surgery, medicine.disease, United Kingdom, Quality-adjusted life year, delayed surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Models, Economic, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic, Centre for Surgical Research, Cholecystitis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Surgery, Cholecystectomy, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Emergencies, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Background The optimal timing of cholecystectomy for patients admitted with acute gallbladder pathology is unclear. Some studies have shown that emergency cholecystectomy during the index admission can reduce length of hospital stay with similar rates of conversion to open surgery, complications and mortality compared with a ‘delayed’ operation following discharge. Others have reported that cholecystectomy during the index acute admission results in higher morbidity, extended length of stay and increased costs. This study examined the cost-effectiveness of emergency versus delayed cholecystectomy for acute benign gallbladder disease. Methods Using data from a prospective population-based cohort study examining the outcomes of cholecystectomy in the UK and Ireland, a model-based cost–utility analysis was conducted from the perspective of the UK National Health Service, with a 1-year time horizon for costs and outcomes. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was used to investigate the impact of parameter uncertainty on the results obtained from the model. Results Emergency cholecystectomy was found to be less costly (£4570 versus £4720; €5484 versus €5664) and more effective (0·8868 versus 0·8662 QALYs) than delayed cholecystectomy. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that the emergency strategy is more than 60 per cent likely to be cost-effective across willingness-to-pay values for the QALY from £0 to £100 000 (€0–120 000). Conclusion Emergency cholecystectomy is less costly and more effective than delayed cholecystectomy. This approach is likely to be beneficial to patients in terms of improved health outcomes and to the healthcare provider owing to the reduced costs.

Published
2017
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145. Upper Cretaceous to Neogene Palynology of the Rawat Basin, White Nile State, Sudan

Author

Eisawi A, Mohammed Z, and Awad Mz

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Palynology, 010506 paleontology, Range (biology), Fluvial, Structural basin, Neogene, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Cretaceous, Sedimentary depositional environment, Paleontology, Assemblage (archaeology), Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The palynology of the Upper Cretaceous to Neogene non-marine succession in the Rawat Basin, White Nile State Sudan was investigated. An attempt was made to determine the relative age, and depositional environment of the studied interval. Based on the stratigraphic distribution of selected pollen and spores from two exploration wells, seven informal palynozones from the Campanian to the Neogene are proposed. The zones, in stratigraphically ascending order, are as follows: Assemblage Zone I, Campanian (Gelhak Formation); Assemblage Zone II, Maastrichtian (Melut Formation); Assemblage Zone III, Eocene (Yabus Formation); Assemblage Zone IV, Oligocene (Adar Formation); Assemblage Zone V, Oligocene/Miocene (Jimidi Formation); Assemblage Zone VI, Miocene (Miadol Formation); Assemblage Zone VII, Miocene/Pliocene (Daga and Agor formations). The ages are based on stratigraphic ranges of marker species in contemporaneous basins in Africa and South America and a series of assemblage species such as Ladakhipollenites lehmanii, Triorites sp (Zone I), Proteacidites sigalii (Zone II), Proxapertites operculatus (Zone III), Deltoidospora cf. africana (Zone IV), Magnastriatites howardii (Zone V), Cyathidites minor (Zone VI), Verrucatosporites usmensis (Zone VII). The paleo-environment of deposition were determined to range from fluvial to lacustrine environments.

Published
2017
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146. Clinical and gonadal features and early surgical management of 45,X/46,XY and 45,X/47,XYY chromosomal mosaicism presenting with genital anomalies

Author

A. Eisawi, Imran Mushtaq, John C. Achermann, Patrick G. Duffy, Neil J. Sebire, and M.K. Farrugia

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system, 45,X/46,XY, Databases, Factual, Urology, Chromosomal mosaicism, Disorders of Sex Development, Gonadoblastoma, Gonadal dysgenesis, Sex Chromosome Disorders, Turner Syndrome, Y chromosome, Article, Dysgenesis, Dysgenetic gonad, Ambiguous genitalia, XYY Karyotype, Turner syndrome, medicine, Humans, Disorders of sex development, Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health, Retrospective Studies, Gynecology, Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY, business.industry, urogenital system, Disorder of sex development, Mosaicism, Mixed gonadal dysgenesis, Infant, Newborn, Infant, medicine.disease, 45,X/47,XYY, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Streak gonad, Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed, Female, Germ cell tumors, business
Abstract

ObjectiveThe 45,X/46,XY and 45,X/47,XYY group of patients includes some of those previously diagnosed with ‘mixed gonadal dysgenesis’. Our aim was to establish the clinical and gonadal spectrum, and early surgical management, of patients with chromosomal mosaicism presenting with genital anomalies.Patients and methodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients with 45,X/46,XY or 45,X/47,XYY mosaicism presenting with genital ambiguity between 1988 and 2009. At least one gonadal biopsy or gonadectomy specimen was available for each patient. Gonadal histology was re-evaluated by a paediatric pathologist.ResultsOf 31 patients with 45,X/46,XY (n = 28) or 45,X/47,XYY (n = 3) mosaicism and genital anomalies, 19 (61%) were raised male. Histology of 46 gonads was available from patients who had undergone a gonadectomy or gonadal biopsy, at a median age of 9.5 months. 18 gonads were palpable at presentation, including 5 (28%) histologically unremarkable testes, 2 streak gonads, and 1 dysgenetic gonad with distinct areas of testicular and ovarian stroma but no oocytes. All intra-abdominal gonads were found to be dysgenetic testes (of which 2 were noted to have pre-malignant changes) or streaks, apart from 1 histologically unremarkable testis. 15 (48%) patients had other anomalies, most commonly cardiac and renal; 4 (13%) had a Turner phenotype.ConclusionThe anatomy and gonadal histology of 45,X/46,XY and 45,X/47,XYY individuals with genital ambiguity do not conform to a set pattern, and hence management of each patient should be individualized according to detailed anatomical and histological assessment.

Published
2013

147. Gum Arabic as novel anti-oxidant agent in sickle cell anemia, phase II trial

Author

Haydar Awad Abdelrazig, Amal M. Saeed, Florian Lang, Imad Fadl-Elmula, Mohammed Abdelraman Salih, Omer Ali Eisawi, and Lamis AbdelGadir Kaddam

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Antioxidant, food.ingredient, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease_cause, Gastroenterology, Anti-oxidant, Sickle, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gum Arabic, 0302 clinical medicine, food, Internal medicine, medicine, Endothelial dysfunction, Molecular Biology, Hematology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Complete blood count, medicine.disease, Malondialdehyde, Sickle cell anemia, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Oxidative stress, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Gum arabic, business, Research Article
Abstract

Sickle cell anemia patients suffer from oxidative stress due to chronic inflammation and self-oxidation of sickle hemoglobin (Hb S). Chronic oxidative stress contributes to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and multiple organ damage in sickle cell disease (SCD). Thus, antioxidant medication may favorably influence the disease. Gum Arabic (GA), edible, dried, gummy exudates from Acacia Senegal tree, has been claimed to act as an anti-oxidant and cytoprotective agent, protecting against experimental hepatic, renal and cardiac toxicities in rats. We hypothesized that regular intake of GA increases anti-oxidant capacity and reduce oxidative stress. Forty-seven patients (5–42 years) carrying hemoglobin SS were recruited. Patients received 30 g/day GA for 12 weeks. Total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels were measured by spectrophotometric methods before and after GA intake. Complete blood count was measured by sysmex. Gum Arabic significantly increased TAC level P

Published
2016

148. Current and future suitability areas of kermes oak (Quercus coccifera L.) in the Levant under climate change

Author

Jean Stephan, Dawud Al-Eisawi, Bartolomeo Schirone, Nisreen Al-Qaddi, and Federico Vessella

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate change, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Quercus coccifera, Middle East, Reforestation, Restoration ecology, Wadi, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecological niche modelling, biology, Ecology, Global warming, biology.organism_classification, Arid, Geography, Physical geography, Forest conservation, Forecasting
Abstract

Al-Qaddi, N., Vessella, F., Stephan, J.et al.Current and future suitability areas of kermes oak (Quercus cocciferaL.) in the Levant under climate change.Reg Environ Change17,143–156 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-016-0987-2 Abstract Quercus cocciferaL. (Kermes oak) is an evergreen oak, typical of the maquis in the eastern and south-eastern part of the Mediterranean. It occurs almost continuously along the Syrian–Lebanese coast up to 1500m and is more scattered inland, up to the arid southernmost area of Petra in Jordan. Human impact and global warming both strongly affect the natural distribution of the species, thus leading to a widespread forest fragmentation in the whole region. In this study, we investigate the current bioclimatic range of Kermes oak and forecast which areas are potentially most suitable over the course of the twenty-first century. Ecological niche modelling was used to retrieve the environmental envelope of the species according to 23 topographic and climate variables. Five algorithms and three general circulation models were applied to provide the potential distribution of Kermes oak at the present time and project it to the future. Results showed a current suitability area in the Middle East extending from NW of Syria, rather continuously along the Lebanese coasts and inland up to the Mediterranean western slopes of Palestine and the Golan area (Israel), encompassing the Jordan Valley towards Dana and Wadi Rum (Jordan), with an isolated patch in Jabal Al-Arab (South Syria). Future scenarios depict a significant fragmentation and restriction of Kermes oak range, especially in the north of Syria and Golan, with a general shifting in altitude. This information may be useful in helping the foresters to cope with the challenge of climate changes by identifying the most suitable areas climatically effective for successful ecosystem restoration and management, including reforestation programmes.

Published
2016

149. Preoperative risk factors for conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy: a validated risk score derived from a prospective U.K. database of 8820 patients

Author

Robert P. Sutcliffe, Marianne Hollyman, James Hodson, Glenn Bonney, Ravi S. Vohra, Ewen A. Griffiths, Stephen Fenwick, Mohamed Elmasry, Quentin Nunes, David Kennedy, Raja B. Khan, Muhammad A.S. Khan, Conor J. Magee, Steven M. Jones, Denise Mason, Ciny P. Parappally, Pawan Mathur, Michael Saunders, Sara Jamel, Samer U.l. Haque, Sara Zafar, Muhammad H. Shiwani, Nehemiah Samuel, Farooq Dar, Andrew Jackson, Bryony Lovett, Shiva Dindyal, Hannah Winter, Saquib Rahman, Kevin Wheatley, Tom Nieto, Soofiyah Ayaani, Haney Youssef, Rajwinder S. Nijjar, Helen Watkin, David Naumann, Sophie Emeshi, Piyush B. Sarmah, Kathryn Lee, Nikita Joji, Jonathan Heath, Rebecca L. Teasdale, Chamindri Weerasinghe, Paul J. Needham, Hannah Welbourn, Luke Forster, David Finch, Jane M. Blazeby, William Robb, Angus G.K. McNair, Alex Hrycaiczuk, Alexandros Charalabopoulos, Sritharan Kadirkamanathan, Cheuk-Bong Tang, Naga V.G. Jayanthi, Nigel Noor, Brian Dobbins, Andrew J. Cockbain, April Nilsen-Nunn, Jonathan de Siqueira, Mike Pellen, Jonathan B. Cowley, Wei-Min Ho, Victor Miu, Timothy J. White, Kathryn A. Hodgkins, Alison Kinghorn, Matthew G. Tutton, Yahya A. Al-Abed, Donald Menzies, Anwar Ahmad, Joanna Reed, Shabuddin Khan, David Monk, Louis J. Vitone, Ghulam Murtaza, Abraham Joel, Stephen Brennan, David Shier, Catherine Zhang, Thusidaran Yoganathan, Steven J. Robinson, Iain J.D. McCallum, Michael J. Jones, Mohammed Elsayed, Liz Tuck, John Wayman, Kate Carney, Somaiah Aroori, Kenneth B. Hosie, Adam Kimble, David M. Bunting, Adeshina S. Fawole, Mohammed Basheer, Rajiv V. Dave, Janahan Sarveswaran, Elinor Jones, Chris Kendal, Michael P. Tilston, Martin Gough, Tom Wallace, Shailendra Singh, Justine Downing, Katherine A. Mockford, Eyad Issa, Nayab Shah, Neal Chauhan, Timothy R. Wilson, Amir Forouzanfar, Jonathan R.L. Wild, Emma Nofal, Catherine Bunnell, Khaliel Madbak, Sudhindra T.V. Rao, Laurence Devoto, Najaf Siddiqi, Zechan Khawaja, James C. Hewes, Laura Gould, Alice Chambers, Daniel U. Rodriguez, Gourab Sen, Stuart Robinson, Francis Bartlett, David M. Rae, Thomas E.J. Stevenson, Kas Sarvananthan, Simon J. Dwerryhouse, Simon M. Higgs, Oliver J. Old, Thomas J. Hardy, Reena Shah, Steve T. Hornby, Ken Keogh, Lucinda Frank, Musallam Al-Akash, Emma A. Upchurch, Richard J. Frame, Michael Hughes, Clare Jelley, Simon Weaver, Sudipta Roy, Toritseju O. Sillo, Giorgios Galanopoulos, Tamzin Cuming, Pedro Cunha, Salim Tayeh, Sarantos Kaptanis, Mohamed Heshaishi, Abdalla Eisawi, Michael Abayomi, Wee S. Ngu, Katie Fleming, Dalvir S. Bajwa, Vivek Chitre, Kamal Aryal, Paul Ferris, Michael Silva, Simon Lammy, Sarah Mohamed, Amir Khawaja, Adnan Hussain, Mudassar A. Ghazanfar, Maria I. Bellini, Hamdi Ebdewi, Mohamed Elshaer, Gianpiero Gravante, Benjamin Drake, Arikoge Ogedegbe, Dipankar Mukherjee, Chanpreet Arhi, Lola Giwa, Nusrat Iqbal, Nicholas F. Watson, Smeer K. Aggarwal, Philippa Orchard, Eduardo Villatoro, Peter D. Willson, Kam W.J. Mok, Thomas Woodman, Jean Deguara, Giuseppe Garcea, Benoy I. Babu, Alistair R. Dennison, Deep Malde, David Lloyd, John P. Slavin, Robert P. Jones, Laura Ballance, Stratos Gerakopoulos, Periyathambi Jambulingam, Sami Mansour, Naomi Sakai, Vikas Acharya, Mohammed M. Sadat, Lawen Karim, David Larkin, Khalid Amin, Amarah Khan, Jennifer Law, Saurabh Jamdar, Stella R. Smith, Keerthika Sampat, Kathryn M. O'shea, Mangta Manu, Fotini M. Asprou, Nabeela S. Malik, Jessica Chang, Marianne Johnstone, Michael Lewis, Geoffrey P. Roberts, Babu Karavadra, Evangelos Photi, James Hewes, Dan Rodriguez, Derek A. O'Reilly, Anthony J. Rate, Hema Sekhar, Lucy T. Henderson, Benjamin Z. Starmer, Peter O. Coe, Sotonye Tolofari, Jenifer Barrie, Gareth Bashir, Jake Sloane, Suroosh Madanipour, Constantine Halkias, Alexander E.J. Trevatt, David W. Borowski, Jane Hornsby, Michael J. Courtney, Suvi Virupaksha, Keith Seymour, Sarah Robinson, Helen Hawkins, Sadiq Bawa, Paul V. Gallagher, Alistair Reid, Peter Wood, Jonathan G. Finch, J.Guy Finch, Jitesh Parmar, Euan Stirland, James Gardner-Thorpe, Ahmed Al-Muhktar, Mark Peterson, Ali Majeed, Farrukh M. Bajwa, Jack Martin, Alfred Choy, Andrew Tsang, Naresh Pore, David R. Andrew, Waleed Al-Khyatt, Christopher Taylor Santosh Bhandari, Adam Chambers, Dhivya Subramanium, Simon K.C. Toh, Nicholas C. Carter, Stuart J. Mercer, Benjamin Knight, Vardhini Vijay, Swethan Alagaratnam, Sidhartha Sinha, Shahab Khan, Shamsi S. El-Hasani, Abdulzahra A. Hussain, Vish Bhattacharya, Nisheeth Kansal, Tani Fasih, Claire Jackson, Midhat N. Siddiqui, Imran A. Chishti, Imogen J. Fordham, Zohaib Siddiqui, Harald Bausbacher, Ileana Geogloma, Kabita Gurung, George Tsavellas, Pradeep Basynat, Ashish K. Shrestha, Sanjoy Basu, Alok Chhabra, Mohan Harilingam, Mohamed Rabie, Mansoor Akhtar, Pradeep Kumar, Sadaf F. Jafferbhoy, Najam Hussain, Soulat Raza, Manzarul Haque, Imran Alam, Rabiya Aseem, Shakira Patel, Mehek Asad, Michael I. Booth, William R. Ball, Christopher P.J. Wood, Ana C. Pinho-Gomes, Ambareen Kausar, Mohammed Obeidallah, Joseph Varghase, Joshil Lodhia, Donal Bradley, Carla Rengifo, David Lindsay, Sivakumar Gopalswamy, Ian Finlay, Stacy Wardle, Naomi Bullen, Syed Y. Iftikhar, Altaf Awan, Javed Ahmed, Paul Leeder, Guiseppe Fusai, Giles Bond-Smith, Alicja Psica, Yogesh Puri, David Hou, Fergus Noble, Karoly Szentpali, Jack Broadhurst, Ravindra Date, Martin R. Hossack, Yan L. Goh, Paul Turner, Vinutha Shetty, Manel Riera, Christina A.W. Macano, Anisha Sukha, Shaun R. Preston, Jennifer R. Hoban, Daniel J. Puntis, Sophie V. Williams, Richard Krysztopik, James Kynaston, Jeremy Batt, Matthew Doe, Andrzej Goscimski, Gareth H. Jones, Claire Hall, Nick Carty, Jamil Ahmed, Sofoklis Panteleimonitis, Rohan T. Gunasekera, Andrea R.G. Sheel, Hannah Lennon, Caroline Hindley, Marcus Reddy, Ross Kenny, Natalie Elkheir, Emma R. McGlone, Rajasundaram Rajaganeshan, Kate Hancorn, Anita Hargreaves, Raj Prasad, David A. Longbotham, Dhakshinamoorthy Vijayanand, Imeshi Wijetunga, Paul Ziprin, Christopher R. Nicolay, Geoffrey Yeldham, Edward Read, James A. Gossage, Rachel C. Rolph, Husam Ebied, Manraj Phull, Mohammad A. Khan, Matthew Popplewell, Dimitrios Kyriakidis, Anwar Hussain, Natasha Henley, Jessica R. Packer, Laura Derbyshire, Jonathan Porter, Shaun Appleton, Marwan Farouk, Melvinder Basra, Neil A. Jennings, Shahda Ali, Venkatesh Kanakala, Haythem Ali, Risha Lane, Richard Dickson-Lowe, Prizzi Zarsadias, Darius Mirza, Sonia Puig, Khalid Al Amari, Deepak Vijayan, Robert Sutcliffe, Ravi Marudanayagam, Zayed Hamady, Abheesh R. Prasad, Abhilasha Patel, Damien Durkin, Parminder Kaur, Laura Bowen, James P. Byrne, Katherine L. Pearson, Theo G. Delisle, James Davies, Mark A. Tomlinson, Michelle A. Johnpulle, Corinna Slawinski, Andrew Macdonald, James Nicholson, Katy Newton, James Mbuvi, Ansar Farooq, Bhavani S. Mothe, Zakhi Zafrani, Daniel Brett, James Francombe, Philip Spreadborough, James Barnes, Melanie Cheung, Ahmed Z. Al-Bahrani, Giuseppe Preziosi, Tomas Urbonas, Justin Alberts, Mekhlola Mallik, Krashna Patel, Ashvina Segaran, Triantafyllos Doulias, Pratik A. Sufi, Caroline Yao, Sarah Pollock, Antonio Manzelli, Saj Wajed, Michail Kourkulos, Roberto Pezzuto, Martin Wadley, Emma Hamilton, Shameen Jaunoo, Robert Padwick, Mazin Sayegh, Richard C. Newton, Madhusoodhana Hebbar, Sameh F. Farag, Madhu Hebbar, John Spearman, Mohammed F. Hamdan, Conrad D'Costa, Christine Blane, Mathew Giles, Mark B. Peter, Natalie A. Hirst, Tanvir Hossain, Arslan Pannu, Yesar El-Dhuwaib, Tamsin E.M. Morrison, Greg W. Taylor, Ronald L.E. Thompson, Ken McCune, Paula Loughlin, Roger Lawther, Colman K. Byrnes, Duncan J. Simpson, Abi Mawhinney, Conor Warren, Damian McKay, Colin McIlmunn, Serena Martin, Matthew MacArtney, Tom Diamond, Phil Davey, Claire Jones, Joshua M. Clements, Ruairi Digney, Wei M. Chan, Stephen McCain, Sadaf Gull, Adam Janeczko, Emmet Dorrian, Andrew Harris, Suzanne Dawson, Dorothy Johnston, Barry McAree, Essam Ghareeb, George Thomas, Martin Connelly, Stephen McKenzie, Krzysztos Cieplucha, Gary Spence, William Campbell, Gareth Hooks, Neil Bradley, Arnold D.K. Hill, John T. Cassidy, Michael Boland, Paul Burke, Deirdre M. Nally, Elmoataz Khogali, Wael Shabo, Edrin Iskandar, Gerry P. McEntee, Maeve A. O'Neill, Colin Peirce, Emma M. Lyons, Adrian W. O'Sullivan, Rohan Thakkar, Paul Carroll, Ivan Ivanovski, Paul Balfe, Matthew Lee, Des C. Winter, Michael E. Kelly, Emir Hoti, Donal Maguire, Priyadarssini Karunakaran, Justin G. Geoghegan, Sean T. Martin, Keith S. Cross, Fiachra Cooke, Saquib Zeeshan, James O. Murphy, Ken Mealy, Helen M. Mohan, Yuwaraja Nedujchelyn, Muhammad F. Ullah, Irfan Ahmed, Francesco Giovinazzo, James Milburn, Sarah Prince, Eleanor Brooke, Joanna Buchan, Ahmed M. Khalil, Elizabeth M. Vaughan, Michael I. Ramage, Roland C. Aldridge, Simon Gibson, Gary A. Nicholson, David G. Vass, Alan J. Grant, David J. Holroyd, Angharad Jones, Cherith M.L.R. Sutton, Patrick O'Dwyer, Frida Nilsson, Beatrix Weber, Tracey K. Williamson, Kushik Lalla, Alice Bryant, Ross Carter, Craig R. Forrest, David I. Hunter, Ahmad H. Nassar, Mavis N. Orizu, Katrina Knight, Haitham Qandeel, Stuart Suttie, Rowena Belding, Andrew McClarey, Alan T. Boyd, Graeme J.K. Guthrie, Pei J. Lim, Andreas Luhmann, Angus J.M. Watson, Colin H. Richards, Laura Nicol, Marta Madurska, Ewen Harrison, Kathryn M. Boyce, Amanda Roebuck, Graeme Ferguson, Pradeep Pati, Michael S.J. Wilson, Faith Dalgaty, Laura Fothergill, Peter J. Driscoll, Kirsty L. Mozolowski, Victoria Banwell, Stephen P. Bennett, Paul N. Rogers, Brendan L. Skelly, Claire L. Rutherford, Ahmed K. Mirza, Taha Lazim, Henry C.C. Lim, Diana Duke, Talat Ahmed, William D. Beasley, Marc D. Wilkinson, Geta Maharaj, Cathy Malcolm, Timothy H. Brown, Guy M. Shingler, Nicholas Mowbray, Rami Radwan, Paul Morcous, Simon Wood, Abbas Kadhim, Duncan J. Stewart, Andrew L. Baker, Nicola Tanner, and Hrishikesh Shenoy

Subjects
Male, Databases, Factual, medicine.medical_treatment, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Odds Ratio, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Framingham Risk Score, Gastroenterology, Age Factors, Gallbladder, Middle Aged, Conversion to Open Surgery, Treatment Outcome, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Predictive value of tests, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Original Article, Risk assessment, Dilatation, Pathologic, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Digestive System Diseases, MEDLINE, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, Humans, Aged, Common Bile Duct, Chi-Square Distribution, Hepatology, Laparoscopyc cholecystectomy, business.industry, General surgery, Reproducibility of Results, Odds ratio, United Kingdom, Surgery, preoperative assessment, Logistic Models, Multivariate Analysis, Cholecystectomy, business, Chi-squared distribution, risk factors
Abstract

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is commonly performed, and several factors increase the risk of open conversion, prolonging operating time and hospital stay. Preoperative stratification would improve consent, scheduling and identify appropriate training cases. The aim of this study was to develop a validated risk score for conversion for use in clinical practice.Preoperative patient and disease-related variables were identified from a prospective cholecystectomy database (CholeS) of 8820 patients, divided into main and validation sets. Preoperative predictors of conversion were identified by multivariable binary logistic regression. A risk score was developed and validated using a forward stepwise approach.Some 297 procedures (3.4%) were converted. The risk score was derived from six significant predictors: age (p = 0.005), sex (p 0.001), indication for surgery (p 0.001), ASA (p 0.001), thick-walled gallbladder (p = 0.040) and CBD diameter (p = 0.004). Testing the score on the validation set yielded an AUROC = 0.766 (p 0.001), and a score6 identified patients at high risk of conversion (7.1% vs. 1.2%).This validated risk score allows preoperative identification of patients at six-fold increased risk of conversion to open cholecystectomy.

Published
2016

150. New records and synopsis to the genusAlyssum (Cruciferae)in Jordan

Author

Sawsan A. Oran and Dawud Al-Eisawi

Subjects
Flora, Ecology, Holotype, Plant Science, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Repens, Taxon, Genus, Botany, Alyssum condensatum, Key (lock), Alyssum, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Summary Alyssum condensatum and A. repens are new for the flora of Jordan and A. subspinosum, previously known only from the holotype in Jordan and then recorded in Saudi Arabia, has been collected in a new locality on the top of Jabal Rum (1750 m). Synopsis of taxa as well as a key to the species of Alyssum in Jordan are here supplied.

Published
2012
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