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This study aims to describe the translation shift in the novel Woman at Point Zero by Sherif Hetata into Perempuan di Titik Nol translated by Amir Sutarga. Data were collected from those book both in English and Indonesian translation which contained four types of translation shift based on Newmark’s theory by applying descriptive-qualitative study. The result of the research shows that the translation shift found in novel Woman at Point Zero consist of four types which are: the first type of shift with 37 data (30%), the second types of shift with 21 data (17%), the third type of shift with 46 data (38%), and the fourth type of shift with 18 data (15%).

Kombu çayı, insan sağlığı üzerindeki olumlu etkileri nedeniyle dünya çapında sıklıkla tercih edilen geleneksel fermente bir içecektir. Kombu çayı fermentasyonunda genellikle siyah çay kullanılıyor olsa da günümüzde farklı bitkisel materyaller eklenerek bu fermente ürünün antioksidan özelliklerinin arttırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Antalya iline endemik ve tıbbi öneme sahip Origanum bilgeri P.H. Davis (Tüylü mercan) ile fermente edilen kombu çayının 0., 7. ve 14. fermentasyon günlerindeki mikrobiyal profili, antibakteriyel etkisi, serbest radikal yakalama kapasitesi, toplam flavonoid ve fenolik madde miktarları incelenmiş ayrıca duyusal analizi yapılarak geleneksel kombu çayı ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, O. bilgeri katkılı kombu çayının antioksidan aktivitesinin geleneksel kombu çayı ile yakın sonuç gösterdiği, toplam flavonoid ve fenolik madde miktarının ise geleneksel kombu çayından daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca fermentasyonun 7. ve 14. gününde O. bilgeri katkılı kombu çayının, geleneksel kombu çayının etkili olamadığı bakteri suşlarına karşı antibakteriyel etkiye sahip olduğu ve duyusal analizlerdeki genel değerlendirmelere göre daha hoş karşılandığı görülmüştür. Kombucha is a traditional fermented beverage that is preferred world-wide due to its positive effects on human health. Although black tea is generally used in the fermentation of kombucha, nowadays it is aimed to increase the beneficial health effects of the product by fermenting it with different herbal materials. Origanum bilgeri, is endemic to Antalya and used generally in traditional medicine. In this study, traditional kombucha fermented with Origanum bilgeri, and the microbial profile, antimicrobial effect, free radical scavenging ability, total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and sensory analysis of the analogue drink was investigated and compared with traditional kombucha on fermentation days 0, 7 and 14. As a result, it was found that the antioxidant activity of O. bilgeri added kombucha was similar to traditional kombucha, and the total amount of flavonoid and phenolic content was higher than that of traditional kombucha. In addition, on the 7th and 14th days of fermentation, O. bilgeri added kombucha had an antibacterial effect against bacterial strains that traditional kombucha tea could not be effective on and was more welcomed in the sensory analysis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is known to be the most common liver disease in the world, and there are currently no approved pharmacological treatments to prevent or treat this condition. In addition to being associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis, NAFLD has now become the leading cause of liver failure-associated transplantation. The 16S rRNA gene which conserved regions can serve as universal primer binding sites for PCR amplification of gene fragments, while hypervariable regions contain significant sequence diversity useful for prokaryotic identification purposes. 16S rRNA gene sequences can be use by researchers to identify prokaryotic taxonomy found in clinical samples. As a result of increasing microbiota studies with developing technological developments, the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of NAFLD is revealed in an important way. In this study, it was aimed to determine the clinical prognostic importance of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and to determine the microbial composition with intestinal mucosal biopsy samples in NAFLD patients.We included 20 patients diagnosed with NAFLD as a result of liver function tests, histological, ultrasonographic, biopsy evidence and 20 normal control groups created under exclusion criteria in this study. The healthy control group of the same age and gender as the patients were determined to be equal, and the age, gender, BMI, insulin resistance, AST, ALT levels of the individuals were recorded for analysis. İntestinal mucosal biopsy samples were taken from the individuals included in the study under sterile conditions. Microbial results were obtained as a result of 16S rRNA amplicon metagenomic processes. The region of approximately 1500 bp covering the V1-V9 region of the 16S rRNA gene was targeted to detect microbial diversity. The amplified regions were sequenced using next-generation sequencing. Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) value was obtained with bioinformatics software with the obtained sequence data. The analysis of the recorded parameters was done with the SPSS.19 statistical program.In the designed study, 16 phyla, 28 class, 56 order, 128 family, 415 genera, 1041 species microorganisms were analyzed taxonomically in a total of 40 individuals. In our study, Intestinal microbial diversity is lower in NAFLD patients compared to control group individuals. In addition, gram-negative bacteria were found to be more dominant in NAFLD patients. As a phylum, Proteobacteria increased in NAFLD group, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria in control group, while Firmicutes had equal distribution in both groups. BMI OR = 6.37, 95 %CI (0.39-0.40) p value was 0.001 in laboratory data, whereas Proteobacteria OR = 1.754, 95% CI (0.901-3.416), p value 0.05 in microbial profile.The 16S rRNA metagenomic study of intestinal microbiota using colonic mucosal biopsy samples in NAFLD disease was the first study in the Turkish population, and important data were obtained for other studies. In the data obtained, we think Proteobacteria, Ruminococcaceae, Escherichia coli and Bacilli are very important in both diagnostic and treatment options as a microbial profile in NAFLD.

Kombucha is a traditional fermented beverage that is preferred world-wide due to its positive effects on human health. Although black tea is generally used in the fermentation of kombucha, nowadays it is aimed to increase the beneficial health effects of the product by fermenting it with different herbal materials. Origanum bilgeri, is endemic to Antalya and used generally in traditional medicine. In this study, traditional kombucha fermented with Origanum bilgeri, and the microbial profile, antimicrobial effect, free radical scavenging ability, total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and sensory analysis of the analogue drink was investigated and compared with traditional kombucha on fermentation days 0, 7 and 14. As a result, it was found that the antioxidant activity of O. bilgeri added kombucha was similar to traditional kombucha, and the total amount of flavonoid and phenolic content was higher than that of traditional kombucha. In addition, on the 7th and 14th days of fermentation, O. bilgeri added kombucha had an antibacterial effect against bacterial strains that traditional kombucha tea could not be effective on and was more welcomed in the sensory analysis., Kombu çayı, insan sağlığı üzerindeki olumlu etkileri nedeniyle dünya çapında sıklıkla tercih edilen geleneksel fermente bir içecektir. Kombu çayı fermentasyonunda genellikle siyah çay kullanılıyor olsa da günümüzde farklı bitkisel materyaller eklenerek bu fermente ürünün antioksidan özelliklerinin arttırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Antalya iline endemik ve tıbbi öneme sahip Origanum bilgeri P.H. Davis (Tüylü mercan) ile fermente edilen kombu çayının 0., 7. ve 14. fermentasyon günlerindeki mikrobiyal profili, antibakteriyel etkisi, serbest radikal yakalama kapasitesi, toplam flavonoid ve fenolik madde miktarları incelenmiş ayrıca duyusal analizi yapılarak geleneksel kombu çayı ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, O. bilgeri katkılı kombu çayının antioksidan aktivitesinin geleneksel kombu çayı ile yakın sonuç gösterdiği, toplam flavonoid ve fenolik madde miktarının ise geleneksel kombu çayından daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca fermentasyonun 7. ve 14. gününde O. bilgeri katkılı kombu çayının, geleneksel kombu çayının etkili olamadığı bakteri suşlarına karşı antibakteriyel etkiye sahip olduğu ve duyusal analizlerdeki genel değerlendirmelere göre daha hoş karşılandığı görülmüştür.

Introduction and aims Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a consequence of chronic liver disease, particularly from hepatitis B or C and increasingly from obesity and metabolic syndrome. Since lipids are an important component of cell membranes and are involved in cell signaling and tumor cell growth, we wished to evaluate the relationship between HCC patient plasma lipids and maximum tumor diameter and other indices of HCC human biology. Methods We examined prospectively-collected data from a multi-institutional collaborative Turkish HCC working group, from predominantly HBV-based patients, for plasma lipid profiles, consisting of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol (LDL) and HDL-cholesterol (HDL) and compared these with the associated patient maximum tumor diameter (MTD), portal vein thrombosis, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and also with patient survival. Results We found that both low HDL (p=0.0002) and high LDL (p=0.003) levels were significantly associated with increased MTD, as well as in a final multiple linear regression model on MTD. The combination of low HDL combined with high HDL levels were significant in a regression model on MTD, PVT and an HCC Aggressiveness Index (Odds Ratio 12.91 compared to an Odds Ratio of 1 for the reference). Furthermore, in a Cox regression model on death, the HDL plus LDL combination had a significantly higher Hazard Ratio than the reference category. Conclusions Low plasma HDL, high plasma LDL and especially the combination, were significantly related to more aggressive HCC phenotype and the combination was significantly related to a higher Hazard Ratio for death.

Background and aim Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarkers are limited, as even the best studied, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), is elevated in no more than 50% of HCC patients. The aim was to evaluate several serum liver function tests in relation to survival and tumor characteristics in a large cohort of Turkish HCC patients. Methods We retrospectively examined the serum levels of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in relation to patient survival. Results Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that only GGT and albumin amongst liver function tests, were significantly associated with survival. Survival worsened with increase in GGT levels semi-quantitatively. Increase in GGT levels was also found to significantly correlate with an increase in maximum tumor diameter from 4.5 to 7 cm, a 20-fold increase in serum alpha-fetoprotein level, an increase in tumor multifocality from 20 to 54% of patients, and a doubling in percent of patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) from 20 to 40%. Serum GGT levels also showed significant survival differences for patients with low AFP levels. A doublet combination of serum GGT with albumin levels was associated with higher hazard ratios in a Cox regression analysis, as compared with single parameter GGT. The combination parameter pair was also prognostically useful in the low-AFP patient subcohort and was associated with significant differences in patient tumor characteristics. Conclusions Serum GGT levels and especially combination serum GGT plus albumin levels, were significantly associated both with HCC patient survival and tumor aggressiveness characteristics, regardless of AFP levels in a large Turkish cohort. This might be especially useful since the majority of HCC patients do not have elevated levels of AFP.

We aimed to elucidate the frequency of polymorphic genotypes and alleles of patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 rs738409 polymorphism and its possible associations with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a cohort from Turkey. We enrolled 200 patients diagnosed with NAFLD and genotyped for rs738409 I148M polymorphism by real-time polymerase chain reaction, particularly by melting curve analysis. SPSS analysis software was used for statistical significance. Continuous variable values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Significant statistical level was chosen as p = 0.05. Our results demonstrate in a cohort from Turkey that rs738409 C > G polymorphism (I148M) of patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 gene is significantly able to affect individuals to have NAFLD in unadjusted regression model. Consistent with the previous studies in other populations, our study group showed a significantly higher risk of having NAFLD in unadjusted regression model but not in the adjusted model indicating that non-genetic factors such as age and sex may be responsible for the association. However, independent studies need to validate our findings with a larger group of NAFLD patients, as well as in different ethnic cohorts.

Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with several chronic inflammatory conditions. It is increasingly understood that the inflammation may be part of the carcinogenic process and prognostically important. Objective To evaluate the serum levels of three inflammation markers in relation to survival in HCC patients. Methods We retrospectively examined the serum levels of CRP, albumin and ESR, both singly and in combination, in relation to patient survival. Results Survival worsened with increase in CRP or ESR or decrease in albumin levels. Combinations of CRP plus albumin or CRP plus ESR were associated with an even greater range of survival (3-fold), together with significant differences in maximum tumor diameter (PVT) and percent of patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT). The triplet of CRP plus albumin plus ESR was associated with a sevenfold difference in survival, comparing low vs high parameter levels. These significant differences were found in patients with small or large tumors. Conclusions Combinations of CRP with albumin or ESR or all three parameters together significantly related to differences in survival and to differences in MTD and percent PVT, in patients with both small and large size HCCs.

Pimavanserin is a selective 5-HTWe did a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-centre (with multiple affiliated nursing home sites across the UK) study. We included participants of either sex who were aged 50 years or older with possible or probable Alzheimer's disease and psychotic symptoms including visual or auditory hallucinations, delusions, or both. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to 12 weeks of oral treatment with either pimavanserin (two 17 mg tablets daily) or placebo, with use of permuted block sizes of four and stratified by baseline Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score (6 or ≥6) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home version (NPI-NH) psychosis score (12 or ≥12). Participants, caregivers, the study sponsor, and study personnel at the clinic site were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was mean change from baseline to week 6 in the NPI-NH psychosis score for pimavanserin versus placebo in the modified intention-to-treat population. Sustained benefit and safety of pimavanserin were assessed through week 12. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02035553.Between Jan 16, 2014, and Oct 27, 2016, 345 participants across 133 nursing homes were screened, of whom 181 were randomly assigned treatment (n=90 pimavanserin and n=91 placebo). 178 participants were included in the modified intention-to-treat population. Mean total baseline NPI-NH psychosis scores were 9·5 (SD 4·8) for the pimavanserin group and 10·0 (5·6) for the placebo group. Mean change in the NPI-NH psychosis score at week 6 was -3·76 points (SE 0·65) for pimavanserin and -1·93 points (0·63) for placebo (mean difference -1·84 [95% CI -3·64 to -0·04], Cohen's d=-0·32; p=0·045). By week 12, no significant advantage for pimavanserin versus placebo was observed for the overall study population (treatment difference -0·51 [95% CI -2·23 to 1·21]; p=0·561). Common adverse events were falls (21 [23%] of 90 participants in the pimavanserin group vs 21 [23%] of 91 in the placebo group), urinary tract infections (20 [22%] vs 25 [28%]), and agitation (19 [21%] vs 13 [14%]). Eight (9%) participants on pimavanserin and 11 (12%) on placebo discontinued treatment because of adverse events. No detrimental effect was observed on cognition or motor function in either group.Pimavanserin showed efficacy in patients with Alzheimer's disease psychosis at the primary endpoint (week 6) with an acceptable tolerability profile and without negative effect on cognition. Further follow-up to week 12 did not show significant advantage for pimavanserin versus placebo.ACADIA Pharmaceuticals.

The discussion on extended urbanization considers accumulation by dispossession as a key apparatus for instilling urban logic into predominantly rural areas. This paper contends that extended urbanization can also be produced without physical dispossession of community land. This is illustrated by the case study of Sei Mangkei, an emerging palm oil agroindustrial district in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Capitalist industries prefer monetization through contract farming rather than privatization as an instrument to capture the productivity of palm oil smallholder land. The people who serve as smallholders in the palm oil industry are not victims of land appropriation. Moreover, this situation was also triggered by an opportunity for maximizing the socio-economic welfare of smallholders. However, the limited options to access other economic activities when the commodity crisis occurred was a consequence that smallholders were not aware of in the past. Thus, we assert that extended urbanization was (re)produced through the articulation of socio-economic and cultural practices of smallholders on a local-scale with regard to the dynamics of the broader process of global industrialization.

Penetapan suatu kawasan menjadi pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi skala nasional mendorong peningkatan aktivitas perkotaan, khususnya di kawasan metropolitan seperti Kawasan Mebidang (Medan, Binjai, dan Deliserdang). Kawasan Mebidang merupakan kawasan perkotaan dari Kawasan Mebidangro (Medan, Binjai, Deliserdang dan Karo) dicirikan dengan berbagai aktivitas perkotaan. Untuk menampung berbagai aktivitas perkotaan tersebut membutuhan lahan dan terus meningkat. Proses urbanisasi pun menjadi konsekuensi yang tidak dapat dihindarkan. Dampaknya, lahan produktif seperti lahan pertanian dan perkebunan bahkan kawasan lindung disekitar pusat kota diokupasi untuk pengembangkan permukiman atau lahan terbangun. Kota menjadi kawasan perkotaan yang luas dan melewati batas administrasi. Selain berdampak positif, perkembangan permukiman yang luas menghadapi persoalan penyediaan prasarana dan sarana perkotaan yang cukup dan berkualitas. Umumnya pemerintah daerah tidak mampu mengimbangi penyediaan prasarana dan sarana tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah menjelaskan perkembangan kawasan permukiman di Kawasan Mebidang dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun (2005-2014). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode komparasi penggunaan lahan pada tahun 2005 dengan tahun 2014 untuk melihat perubahan penggunaan lahannya. Untuk melihat penggunaan lahan tersebut dengan cara menginterpretasi data citra pada tahun 2005 dan tahun 2014. Dari perbandingan tersebut disimpulkan terjadi perkembangan kawasan permukiman sebesar 132,76%. Menghadapi perkembangan ini dibutuhkan kerjasama antar pemerintahan dalam pengelolaan kawasan permukiman berbasis regional untuk meminimalkan eksternalitas negatif sekaligus meningkatkan efisiensi.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and morphological and clinicopathological features of tumor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Method: Patients diagnosed with HCC by imaging methods (dynamic-triphasic CT and dynamic-MR) and/or tissue sampling (biopsy, resectionor explant) were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic characteristics, etiology, arising from cirrhotic or non-cirrhotic, morphological characteristics of the tumor (tumor diameter, focality, vascular invasion) and; complete blood count, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), platelet and lymphocyte counts were calculated at the time of diagnosis. Findings: A total of 223 patients were included in the present study. Of the 223 patients, 185 (82.9%) were male and 38 (17.1%) were female. There was a positive correlation between PLR and AFP (p = 0.05). PLR was significantly higher in patients with portal vein invasion (p = 0.001). PLR values were significantly higher in patients with solitary lesions than those with infiltrative lesions. PLR values were significantly higher in patients with infiltrative tumors than patients with two or more solitary lesions (p = 0.001). There was a positive correlation between maximal tumor diameter (MTD) and PLR in patients with non-infiltrative type tumor (p=0.01). Results: PLR is a cheap and easily applicable marker. It is positively correlated with poor prognostic factors such as vascular invasion, AFP and MTD. PLR can also be used as an additional prognostic biomarker to assess tumor aggressiveness.Giriş: Bu çalışmada, hepatosellüler karsinom (HCC) tanılı hastalarda platelet lenfosit oranı (PLR) ile tümörün morfolojik ve klinikopatolojik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Görüntüleme yöntemleri (dinamik-trifazik CT ve dinamik-MR) ve/veya doku örneklemesi (biyopsi, rezeksiyon veya eksplant) ile HCC tanısı alan hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, etyolojisi, sirotik veya non-sirotik zeminde gelişmesi, tümörün morfolojik özellikleri (tümör çapı, fokalitesi, vasküler invazyon), tanı anındaki tam kan sayımı, Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP), trombosit ve lenfosit değerleri hesaplandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 223 hasta dahil edildi. 223 hastanın 185’i (%82,9) erkek , 38’i (%17,1) kadındı. PLR ile AFP arasında pozitif korelasyon (p=0,05) saptanırken, portal ven invazyonu olan hastalarda PLR’nin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu görüldü (p=0.001). PLR değeri soliter lezyonu olanlarda infiltratif gruptan anlamlı olarak fazlaydı. PLR değeri infiltratif grupta ise iki veya daha fazla nodulü olan gruba oranla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde fazlaydı (p=0,001). İnfiltratif tip tümör dışındaki hastalarda maksimal tümör çapı (MTD) arttıkça PLR’nin de istatistiki olarak anlamlı biçimde arttığı izlendi (p=0,01). Sonuç: PLR, ucuz ve kolay ulaşılabilir bir belirteç olup AFP, vasküler invazyon ve MTD gibi kötü prognostik faktörlerle pozitif korele olarak değişmektedir. Tümörün agresifliğini değerlendirmek için PLR de ek bir prognostik biyomarker olarak kullanılabilir., Giriş: Bu çalışmada hepatocellüler karsinom (HCC) tanılı hastalarda platelet lenfosit oranı (PLO) ile tümörün morfolojik ve klinikopatolojik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı.Yöntem: Görüntüleme yöntemleri (dinamik-trifazik CT ve dinamik-MR) ve/ve ya doku örneklemesi (biyopsi, rezeksiyon veya eksplant) ile HCC tanısı alan hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, etyolojisi, sirotik veya non-sirotik zeminde gelişmesi, tümörün morfolojik özellikleri (tumor çapı, fokalitesi, vasküler invazyon), tanı anındaki tam kan sayımı, Alfa-fetoprotein, trombosit ve lenfosit değerleri hesaplandı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya 223 hasta dahil edildi. 223 hastanın 185 (%82,9)’i erkek , 38 (%17,1)’i kadındı. PLO ile AFP arasında pozitif korelasyon (p=0,05) saptanırken, portal ven invazyonu olan hastalarda PLO’nun istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu görüldü (p=0.001). PLO değeri soliter lezyonu olanlarda infiltratif gruptan anlamlı olarak fazlaydı. PLO değeri infiltratif grupta ise iki veya daha fazla nodulü olan gruptan istatistiksel anlamlı olarak fazlaydı (p=0,001). İnfiltratif tip tümör dışındaki hastalarda maksimal tümör çapı (MTD) arttıkça PLR’nin de istatistiki olarak anlamlı derece arttığı izlendi (p=0,01). Sonuç: PLO; ucuz ve kolay ulaşılabilir bir belirteç olup; AFP , vasküler invazyon ve MTD gibi kötü prognostik faktörlerle pozitif korele olarak değişmektedir.Tümör agresifliği değerlendirmek için PLO da ek bir prognostik biyomarker olarak kullanılabilir.

The boundaries between power transmission and distribution systems are diminishing due to rapid growth of Distributed Energy Resources (DER's). Hence, in order to study the steady state and dynamic behavior of the modern grid, it is necessary to model and solve transmission and distribution networks concurrently with minimum assumptions. Here, two current approaches for this purpose, namely Integrated Transmission and Distribution (T&D) modeling and Co-Simulation, are compared. Key performance parameters considered include speed of solution, phase imbalance handling, robustness, and response to topology changes. Results and conclusions are drawn from analyzing several systems composed of IEEE standard Transmission and Distribution system models.

Rescaling adalah pendekatan yang muncul untuk mengelola wilayah metropolitan dalam konteks pengetatan persaingan global. Literatur penskalaan yang sejauh ini dikembangkan di Barat secara tradisional menekankan peran pemerintah pusat dalam reproduksi ruang metropolitan dan dengan demikian mengabaikan peran potensial pemerintah lokal sebagai tingkat pemerintahan otonom terendah. Penelitian ini berupaya mengeksplorasi peran yang dapat dimainkan oleh pemerintah daerah dalam menskors kawasan metropolitan di bawah struktur administrasi Indonesia yang saat ini terdesentralisasi. Medan-Binjai-Deli Serdang atau Mebidang, wilayah metropolitan terbesar di Sumatera, dipilih sebagai studi kasus. Trans Mebidang BRT, kebijakan pemerintah pusat yang penting yang mempengaruhi wilayah ini, digunakan untuk mengungkapkan proses penyelamatan aktual. Pengumpulan data untuk penelitian ini terutama bergantung pada wawancara semi-struktur, dokumen dan publikasi pemerintah, dan observasi lapangan. Analisis konten kualitatif dengan teknik pengkodean standar digunakan dalam analisis. Hasil analisis menegaskan bahwa perencanaan BRT Trans Mebidang memang didominasi oleh pemerintah pusat. Namun, hal ini mengungkapkan bahwa dukungan dari masing-masing pemerintah daerah dan provinsi penting dalam memastikan keberhasilan penerapannya. Dalam proses rescaling dilaksanakan pencarian penyesuaian, pencarian informasi program umum dan pertukaran sumber daya manusia dan keuangan. Dukungan lokal ini sangat jelas dalam masalah perencanaan pengintaian, pemrograman dan pembiayaan bersama. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dukungan tersebut diperlukan untuk membangun rasa kepemilikan dan penerimaan politik. Rescaling is an emerging approach to managing metropolitan area in the context of tightening global competition. The rescaling literature as so far developed in the West has traditionally emphasized the role of central government in the reproduction of metropolitan space and thus neglects the potential role of local government as the lowest autonomous government tier. This dissertation seeks to explore the role that local government can play in the rescaling of metropolitan area under current Indonesia's decentralized administrative structure. Medan-Binjai-Deli Serdang or Mebidang, the largest metropolitan area in Sumatera, is selected as the case study. The BRT Trans Mebidang, an important central government's policy affecting the region, is utilized to reveal the actual process of rescaling. The data collection for this research mainly relies on in-depth, semistructure interviews, government documents and publications, and field observation. Qualitative content analysis with standard coding techniques is employed in the analysis. The result of analysis confirms that the planning of BRT Trans Mebidang is indeed dominated by the central government. However, it reveals that the supports from respective local and provincial governments is important in ensuring its successful implementation. In rescaling process, get adjustment seeking, general program information seeking and human and financial resource exchange. These local supports are particularly apparent in the planning issue reconnaissance, programming and co-financing. It can be concluded that such supports are necessary to build sense of ownership and political acceptance.

This paper aims to specify the meaning of gentrification in rapidly peri-urbanising metropolitan regions in the context of Indonesia’s rapid transition to decentralisation and democracy. It discusses a case study of conflict over an environmental revitalisation project in a peri-urban area of Bandung City. The analysis focuses on the political processes, tactics and strategies supporting and opposing peri-urban gentrification and their consequences. The analysis illustrates how these political dynamics mediate the interaction between the movement of capital and the spatial reorganisation of social classes. It is argued that in the context of a peri-urbanising metropolis, gentrification needs to be narrated less in terms of class-based neighbourhood succession and more in terms of competing cross-class coalitions emerging at local and regional levels.

This article examines the extent to which leadership factors contribute to the success of collaborative planning processes. By examining the best practice in urban management in decentralizing Indonesia, we found that leadership encouraged a trustworthy and effective consensus building between the local government and the communities. The local leaders grasped socio-cultural contexts of the city to formulate communication strategies in a way that encourages an open and informal atmosphere flourished. More importantly, this leadership framework effectively restructured the institutional arrangement and created divisible tasks for subordinates and communities who were involved in the collaborative process.

This paper examines the intentionality behind the emergence of megaregion in Indonesia’s reinvented developmentalist state tradition. Illustrated by the case of Java, this paper explores the role of regional planning in facilitating megaregion emergence. It reveals that sectoral and ad hoc national planning policies, although not intentionally aimed to guide spatial development, implicitly promote the emergence of this megaregion. This is particularly registered in the construction of megaprojects aimed at increasing regional competitiveness through the improvement of interregional connectivity and facilitating exurbanization through the building of in-between cities.

Introduction Several markers of systemic inflammation, including blood C-reactive protein, platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have been identified as independent prognosticators for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods To attempt to understand the significance of these markers, they were examined in relation to 4 tumour parameters, namely maximum tumour diameter (MTD), tumour multifocality, portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and blood alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Results Using linear and logistic regression models, we found that C-reactive protein and PLR on single variables, were statistically significantly related to the tumour parameters. In a logistic regression final model, CRP was significantly related to MTD, AFP and PVT, and the Glasgow Index significantly related to MTD and AFP. Results of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), showed that the areas for PLR and CRP were statistically significant for high versus low MTD and for presence versus absence of PVT. CRP alone was significant for high versus low AFP. Conclusions These analyses suggest that the prognostic usefulness of the inflammatory markers PLR and CRP (but not NLR) may be due to their reflection of parameter values for tumour growth and invasiveness.

In a polycentric urban structure, the commuting pattern which was traditionally directed from the suburban to CBD, is becoming more complex with increasing reverse- and cross-commuting activities. This paper is aimed to provide empirical evidence which validating the importance of utility-maximizing parameters, derived from the monocentric model, in the context of post-suburbanized polycentric urban region. It questioning to which extent of different residential mobility between municipalities could be linked to the variation of such parameters. Focusing on the frontier areas of Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA), Indonesia, each municipality within the region is treated as a Decision-Making Unit which intend to maximizing co-location between residential and employment uses. Using the data from the 2017 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS), the analysis was simply taken by comparing the aggregative-mean of income, housing-cost and transportation cost data from each municipal in JMAs periphery. The Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) was used for measure how these utility-maximizing parameters related with inter-suburban migration flows. The results show that housing cost is the only utility which still has significant impact in polycentric setting. Moreover, the area with lowest utility value tends to be the most efficient in attracting in-migrant. It implies that residential mobility within suburban areas does not motivated by lower housing or transportation cost, nor to get near to major employment location. Thus, workers heterogeneity and behavioral aspect may have played bigger role in residential mobility of polycentric urban setting.

This article analyzes and identifies the shortcomings of accounting rights to use land in enterprises of Ukraine. It is revealed that the accounting of the rights of use of the land plots at the enterprises of Ukraine is almost not conducted. The main factor of all the shortcomings on this issue is the imperfect legal framework, and today there are no documents of primary accounting of the rights of use, which would take into account the specifics of the object. It justifies the organization of accounting of rights of use of land, the company will help to organize the data, allocate responsibilities between the employees of the accounting Department to establish and document clearly defined and regulations to regulate the accounting of rights to use. Under such conditions, the study of theoretical and applied aspects of accounting of the right to use land becomes particularly relevant., {"references":["Ishchenko, Ya.P., Severynenko, T.V. (2012). Improvement of accounting for agricultural land and assessment of land use rights. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats VNAU, 1(56), 97-102 [in Ukrainian].","Ortynskyy, V.L. Fundamentals of state and law of Ukraine. Ownership of land. Retrieved from http://westudents.com.ua/glavy/66854-73-pravo-vlasnost-na-zemlyu.html [in Ukrainian].","The Land Code of Ukraine. Retrieved from http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2768-14/page3 [in Ukrainian].","About the lease of land: Law of Ukraine Law dated October 6, 1998, No. 161-XIV (1998). Vidomosti Verkhovnoyi Rady Ukrayiny, 46-47, 280 [in Ukrainian].","Methodology of formation of the accounting policy of the enterprise. Retrieved from http://semestr.com.ua/book_419_glava_5_Lekсija_2._Sluchajjnye_khody_.html [in Ukrainian].","Intangible assets of scientific budget institutions. Retrieved from https://vuzlit.ru/443316/nematerialni_aktivi_naukovih_byudzhetnih_ustanov [in Ukrainian].","Analytical accounting of intangible assets and documenting operations. Retrieved from https://vuzlit.ru/680915/oblik_nematerialnih_aktiviv [in Ukrainian].","Amortization and revaluation of intangible assets. Retrieved from https://vuzlit.ru/1278219/zdiysnyuyetsya_amortizatsiya_pereotsinka_nematerialnogo_aktivu [in Ukrainian]."]}

Following Doi moi, Vietnam’s economy experienced unprecedented growth and urbanization accelerated. Vietnamese cities were expanding at a staggering speed. Master-planned developments, called New U ...

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a blood marker for inflammation and is an independent prognostic factor for many human cancers. Combined with albumin levels, it forms the basis of the Glasgow Index for cancer prognosis. We reviewed the literature on CRP and HCC and also evaluated blood CRP levels and combination CRP plus albumin levels in a large HCC cohort. In order to understand the prognostic significance of CRP, we retrospectively examined a large HCC cohort and examined the relationship of CRP levels to tumor parameters. We report, that CRP alone and CRP plus albumin combined as well, significantly correlated with parameters of HCC aggressiveness, such as maximum tumor dimension (MTD), portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and blood alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, both as individual parameters and all parameters together (Aggressiveness Index). This extends current thinking, to suggest a possible explanation for the usefulness of blood CRP levels in HCC prognostication.

EgeUn###, The hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is only elevated in about half of the HCC patients, limiting its usefulness in following the effects of therapy or screening. New markers are needed. It has been previously noted that the inflammation markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are prognostically important and may reflect HCC aggressiveness. We therefore examined these 2 markers in a low-AFP HCC cohort and found that for HCCs > 2 cm, both markers significantly rise with an increasing maximum tumor diameter (MTD). We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and Youden index value for each marker, and their area-under-the-curve values for each MTD group. Patients were dichotomized into 2 groups based on the CRP and PLR from the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. In the logistic regression models of the 4 different MTD patient groups, CRP and PLR levels were statistically significant to estimate MTD in univariate logistic regression models of MTD groups > 2 cm. CRP and PLR were then combined, and the combination was statistically significant to estimate MTD groups of 3-, 4-, and 5-cm cutoffs. CRP and PLR thus have potential as tumor markers for low-AFP HCC patients, and possibly for screening. (C) 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel, NIHUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [CA 82723], This work was supported in part by the NIH grant CA 82723 (B.I.C).

The article analyzes the data on the state and development of land relations in Ukraine. The information regarding the right to use the land plots and the use of the Lines is provided. The bookkeeping postings concerning the registration of land plots at enterprises with Temporary and long-term usage rights are shown. It is proved that the right to use is an intangible asset of enterprises. The peculiarities of the lease agreement of the land and those who can use the land on the rights of permanent use are highlighted. It is revealed that the main users of land lease are agricultural enterprises. The comparative characteristic of the permanent and Temporary Right of Use is made. The land relations in the land lease are considered and the amount of the rent is leased to the landlord., {"references":["Skosyr, YU.M. (2014). Accounting of the rights of permanent use of land plots. Visnyk chernihivskoho derzhavnoho tekhnolohichnoho universytetu, 1 (72), 260-264 [in Ukrainian].","Zabarnа, S. (2016). Registration of the right to permanent use of land. Retrieved from https://uteka.ua/ua/publication/Oformlenie-prava-postoyannogopolzovaniya-zemlej.","The Law of Ukraine \"On Land Lease\" № 161-XIV. (1998, October 6). Retrieved from http://vobu.ua/ukr/documents/item/zakon-ukrainy-vid-06101998-161-xiv-pro-orendu-zemli [in Ukrainian].","Land Code of Ukraine, Article 92. \"The right of permanent use of land\". Retrieved from http://kga.gov.ua/files/doc/normy-derjavy/zakony/ZEMELNYJ-KODEKS-UKRAINY.pdf [in Ukrainian].","Zolotukhin, A. Renting land for individuals. Retrieved from http://www.visnuk.com.ua/ru/publication/ 100004900-orenda-zemli-ufizichnikh-osib?issue=5591 [in Ukrainian].","Litvinets, Yu.I. Right to lease land as a kind of intangible asset. Retrieved from http://vuzlib.com.ua/articles/book/11847-Pravo_orendi_zemlі_jak_vid_ne/1.html [in Ukrainian].","Transfer of the right to permanent use of land. Retrieved from https://www.golovbukh.ua/article/6343-qqq-15-m4-29-04-2015-peredacha-prava-postynogo-koristuvannya-zemelnoyu-dlyankoyu/ [in Ukrainian].","Filyppova, S.V., Maslennikov, Ye.I., & Poberezhets, O.V., Cherkasova, S.O. (2015). Enterprise reporting – Odesa: Pres-kuryer [in Ukranian]."]}