101. Tuberculosis exposure in HIV-exposed infants in a high-prevalence setting.
- Author
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Cotton MF, Schaaf HS, Lottering G, Weber HL, Coetzee J, and Nachman S
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, HIV Infections transmission, Humans, Infant, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Maternal Health Services, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious epidemiology, Prevalence, South Africa epidemiology, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary epidemiology, HIV Infections epidemiology, Mass Screening, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary prevention & control
- Abstract
Exposure to TB was quantified by screening human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposed infants aged 3-4 months for an isoniazid prophylaxis study where tuberculosis (TB) exposure excluded enrolment. Seventy-seven (10.1%, 95%CI 8.0-12.4) of 766 infants had contact with a TB source case. Nurses and lay counsellors identified 52 infants during pre-screening and doctors identified 25 during formal screening. High exposure may contribute to high rates of TB in HIV-exposed infants. Programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV offer an important opportunity to screen for TB. In-depth assessment is required for evaluating TB exposure.
- Published
- 2008