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Pitfalls with rapid HIV antibody testing in HIV-infected children in the Western Cape, South Africa.
- Source :
-
Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology [J Clin Virol] 2006 Sep; Vol. 37 (1), pp. 68-71. Date of Electronic Publication: 2006 Jul 27. - Publication Year :
- 2006
-
Abstract
- Background: Rapid HIV antibody tests are commonly used for HIV diagnosis in the developing world. These tests are generally reported as sensitive, despite paucity of evaluations in paediatric populations.<br />Objectives: We tested specimens of paediatric patients, known to be HIV-infected, to detect any false negative tests and determine associations with such an outcome.<br />Study Design: One hundred and fifty-three specimens, from 109 patients, recorded to be HIV-infected by standard testing, were tested on the Capillustrade mark HIV-1/HIV-2 test (Trinity Biotech, Ireland); 150 specimens also had sufficient volume to be tested on Abbott Determinetrade mark HIV1/2 assay (Abbott GmbH, Wiesbaden, Germany). Treatment information, CD4 counts and HIV-1 viral load measurements were obtained from patient files and laboratory databases.<br />Results: Twenty-one of 153 specimens tested negative on the Capillus (sensitivity 86.3%). False negative results by Capillus were associated with antiretroviral treatment (ART) (p=0.0018) and lower HIV-1 viral load (p=0.013). Serial dilutions of some of the specimens indicated that both rapid tests, and the Capillus in particular, became negative at lower dilutions than an HIV enzyme immunoassay (EIA).<br />Conclusions: The Capillus test had an unexpectedly low sensitivity in a South African population of HIV-infected children that had access to antiretroviral treatment, posing a risk of false negative HIV testing.
- Subjects :
- Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
False Negative Reactions
HIV Infections drug therapy
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Predictive Value of Tests
Sensitivity and Specificity
South Africa
Statistics as Topic
Viral Load
AIDS Serodiagnosis
HIV Antibodies blood
HIV Infections diagnosis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1386-6532
- Volume :
- 37
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 16875874
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2006.06.008