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Cinnamomum verum and Cinnamomum cassia are widely used as spice and herbal medicine around the world. However, it is challenging to differentiate and make a quality evaluation for both Cinnamomum types due to their similarities in morphological features and general chemical composition using traditional analytical methods. In this study, a simple and efficient method was developed for the comprehensive evaluation of the two Cinnamomum, together with Cassia twig, by combining UPLC fingerprint analysis combined with quantitative analysis using two internal standards for the determination of multiple components (TSDMC). The content of 9 components (procyanidin B2, cinnamtannin B1, coumarin, 2-hydroxycinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamic acid, cinnamaldehyde, 2'-methoxycinnamaldehyde, and eugenol) in samples was determined using reliable relative conversion factor factors that were obtained using procyanidin B2 and cinnamic acid as two internal reference standards. The quantitative results combined with chemometrics analysis were employed to identify these samples. This simple and reproducible method revealed great differences among the three Cinnamomum in their chemical composition and provides a promising method for accurate differentiation and quality evaluation for the three Cinnamomum.

Introduction: Oxidative stress on tissues can cause diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM). Aim: This study aimed to pharmacologically evaluate the decrease in blood glucose levels and its relationship with the total antioxidant capacity of the blood compared to glibenclamide. Method: An experimental study with completely randomised designs was carried out. Rats were induced with streptozotosin followed by ethanolic extract for ten days. Results: The One-Way Anova test, showed that the increase of the total antioxidant capacity of plasma treated with ethanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia and Curcuma zanthorrhiza was comparable in the same amount to glibenclamide (p=0.345), (p=0.289). There was a relationship between total blood antioxidant capacity and blood glucose levels, this linear association was expressed with the following mathematical equation: y = 20,253 - 2,946x. Conclusion: The antioxidant content of Tinospora cordifolia, Curcuma zanthorrhiza, and Cinnamomum verum has the potential to control blood glucose in diabetes mellitus.

Spices have been a major influence on Sri Lankan cuisine since times immemorial. Spices are identified as one of the most distinctive ingredients for their indigenous flavor, aroma, and medicinal properties. In this study, coconut milk-based spicy ice cream was developed in compliance with the Sri Lankan standards to introduce a new perception of flavor using spices to the ice cream industry. Although coconut ice cream is commercially available in the local market, spicy flavored coconut ice cream is not yet available. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), ginger (Zingiber officinale), and white pepper (Piper nigrum) are the spices used in the preparation of the ice cream as they are freely available and used as complementary spices in Sri Lanka. Physicochemical characteristics and sensory attributes of coconut milk-based spicy ice cream were compared with the existing normal coconut ice cream. In preparation of the ice cream, the same ice cream manufacturing process was followed with some modifications. Three different formulas (0.010%, 0.018%, and 0.025%) were developed by changing the percentage of spices added. The 0.018% spice-added sample was selected as the most acceptable ice cream with desired sensory attributes. pH ( 6.33 ± 0.01 ), titratable acidity ( 0.33 ± 0.05 % ), moisture ( 61.86 ± 0.33 % ), ash ( 0.41 ± 0.25 % ), total solids ( 38.02 ± 0.14 % ), overrun ( 66.76 ± 1.44 % ), protein ( 4.18 ± 0.16 % ), and fat content ( 11.66 ± 0.60 % ) were evaluated as physicochemical properties. Total phenolic content of the ice cream was expressed as 0.093 ± 0.002 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per gram of sample in dry weight (mg/g). DPPH radical scavenging activity was 60.39 ± 0.02 mg ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of sample in dry weight (mg/g), and total antioxidant capacity was expressed as 0.36 ± 0.04 mmol ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/g of dry weight. Physicochemical properties of spicy coconut ice cream were more or less similar to that of normal coconut ice cream and in compliance with the Sri Lankan standards. Coconut milk-based spicy ice cream could be introduced to the market as a potential marketable nondairy product with spicy flavor, aroma, and smooth texture.

Cinnamomum verum (Cinnamomum genus) essential oil is commonly used in food preparation and traditional medicines, with a broad spectrum of biological activities. However, research on the extraction of essential oils (EOs) from C. verum cultivated locally in Vietnam is currently limited. Therefore, in this study, the chemical compositions and bioactivities of EOs from the bark and leaves of C. verum collected from the Thai Nguyen and Yen Bai provinces of Vietnam were investigated. The EOs samples were extracted by using water distillation, organic solvent (n-hexane) and ultrasound-assisted (in n-hexane solvent) extraction methods. The chemical composition of the obtained EOs were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. Results showed that the major chemical compositions of C. verum EOs were: (E)-cinnamaldehyde, trans-cinnamic acid, cinnamyl acetate, and benzaldehyde. Furthermore, C. verum EOs exhibited inhibitory activities against two tested cancer cell lines and four bacterial strains. These findings provide essential knowledge about the potential application of C. verum EOs cultivated in Vietnam for the pharmaceutical industry.

The aim of this study was to use dried corn silk powder variety of VL Baby corn-1 for formulation of flavoured herbal tea with different combination of Thyme (Trachyspermum ammi), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum), Cinnamon powder (Cinnamomum verum), Timur (Zanthoxylum alatum), Tulsi (Holy basil) (Ocimum tenuiflorum), Gandraini (Achillea millefolium), Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), Blend (Clove + Timur + Gandraini), and one only corn silk without any other herbs and to know antioxidant properties of developed tea. Result of sensory evaluation experiment showed that all combinations were liked moderately. Lemon grass flavour followed by cinnamon and clove blend obtained highest score. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant activity for all flavour are analyzed and reported. Results on DPPH free radical scavenging activity indicated that corn silk tea had 81.215 ± 0.75 µg/mL whereas blend with Timur had significant highest value and Thyme blend had lowest value 64.20 ± 0.40 among all eight different blends with corn silk. The values for total antioxidant capacity blends with Timur (Zanthoxylum alatu) in corn silk showed significantly (P

We studied the effect of essential oils from Picea abies (Linnaeus) H. Karsten., 1881, Cinnamomum verum J. Presl, 1825, Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel, 1925, Citrus paradisi Macfadyen, 1830, Rosmarinus officinalis Linnaeus, 1753, Citrus aurantiifolia (Christmann) Swingle, 1913, Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill & Perry, 1939, Pterocarpus santalinus Linnaeus filius, 1782, Pelargonium graveolens L’Héritier, 1789, Eucalyptus globulus Labillardière, 1861, Juniperus communis Linnaeus, 1753, Piper cubeba L.f., 1781, Calendula officinalis L., 1753, Laurus nobilis Linnaeus, 1753, Lavandula angustifolia Miller, 1768 and Citrus sinensis (Linnaeus) Osbeck (pro. sp.) on vitality of free-living larvae of Strongyloides papillosus (Wedl, 1856) and Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi, 1803) Cobb, 1898, and also survivability of eggs of Ascaris suum (Goeze, 1782) under in vitro conditions. The most notable nematicidal properties belong to 0.5% water emulsion of essential oils from C. verum and S. aromaticum: we observed 100% mortality of larvae of S. papillosus L1–3 and H. contortus L3.

Cinnamomum tamala and Cinnamomum verum are known for their folk medicinal usage in treating gastrointestinal ailments. The spasmolytic activity of essential oils was studied using isolated rat ileum. The results indicate that C. tamala, despite having a lower content of eugenol (60%), shows a spasmolytic potential of 68.01 ± 2.63% (EC50 = 110.12 ± 13.58 μg/mL) while C. verum with rich eugenol (80%) shows lesser spasmolytic potential (38.96 ± 0.63%) and fails to attain an EC50 value. Upon comparison with standard eugenol’s percentage of spasmolytic (35.68 ± 2.57%), it is evident that the action of these essential oils does not solely rely on the major component but the synergistic role in association with other components of the mixture influences the pharmacological action of the essential oils. In silico docking of phytochemicals of leaf essential oils with M2 (M2AChR) and M3 muscarinic (M3AChR) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) was carried out to determine the type of receptors through which the essential oils had spasmolytic potential. The binding affinity for eugenol with nAChR shows a better docking score than M2AChR and M3AChR.

The chemical composition, the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of crude extract from leaves Cinnamomum verum and their enriched fractions was studied. Phytochemical analyses were performed by TLC and HPLC, and the antioxidant capacity was verified by DPPH• and ABTS•+. The Minimal Inhibitory/Bactericidal Concentration was conducted against twenty-two bacteria to select five strains susceptible to extracts/fractions and resistant to the antibiotics tested. Interference of Ethyl Acetate Fraction (EAF) in resistance to synthetic antibiotic was assayed by modulatory and checkerboard model. The chromatographic data showed phenolic compounds in crude extract, as well the flavonoid enrichment in the EAF. The combination of EAF and synthetic antibiotics (ampicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, or gentamicin) provides a synergistic effect against multidrug resistant strains). The results are useful to obtain multi-targeting in a single therapy solution, which on antioxidants molecules plant-derivatives can act synergistically in antimicrobial combinations, a valuable aid as bacterial resistance modifying compounds.

A high-performance thin-layer chromatography method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of salicylic acid, kaempferol, gallic acid, and protocatechuic acid in hydro-alcoholic fractions of Cinnamomum verum J. Presl bark was developed for the first time in this species. For achieving good separation, a mobile phase of toluene‒ethyl acetate‒formic acid (5:4:1, V/V) was used. Densitometric determination was carried out at specified wavelengths for different standard compounds in reflection/absorption mode. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 100‒600 ng per spot for salicylic acid, kaempferol, gallic acid, and protocatechuic acid. During the analysis, defatted hydro-alcoholic fraction from C. verum J. Presl bark showed the presence of salicylic acid (0.098% w/w), kaempferol (0.24% w/w), gallic acid (0.01% w/w), and protocatechuic acid (0.27% w/w). The proposed method is simple, precise, specific, and accurate. The statistical analysis of the data obtained proves that the method is reproducible and selective and can be used for the routine analysis of the reported phenolic compounds in crude drug and extracts. The simultaneous quantification of these biomarkers has not yet been reported in C. verum J. Presl which may be utilized for the proper standardization of the drug. Research also provides new herbal options for different medicinally valuable secondary metabolites in polar categories with different therapeutic potentials. Exploration of bioactive metabolites in C. verum J. Presl bark can also increase its industrial value, which may promote its cultivation and may create a good commercial option for our farmers.

A nivel mundial, la acuicultura ha crecido dramáticamente en los últimos 50 años, causando impactos negativos en la salud de los peces debido al incremento de enfermedades bacterianas. Los productores de tilapia usualmente tratan las enfermedades con una variedad de antibióticos, promoviendo la resistencia bacteriana. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto antimicrobiano de cinco extractos de plantas medicinales frente a ocho bacterias patógenas aisladas de cultivos de tilapia en Guatemala. De los extractos evaluados, 'Syzygium aromaticum', 'Pimienta dioica' y 'Rosmarinus officinalis' inhibieron el crecimiento de seis, cinco y tres bacterias, respectivamente. Los extractos presentaron características antimicrobianas de amplio espectro, tanto para bacterias Gram negativas y positivas. Los extractos con mayor actividad antimicrobiana fueron 'S. aromaticum' y 'R. officinalis' con concentraciones mínimas inhibitorias y bactericidas entre 300 ppm a 1,563 ppm. Los extractos de 'Cinnamomum verum' y 'Lippia graveolens' no inhibieron las bacterias patógenas aisladas.

Use of synthetic products for the control of mosquito vectors raises serious concern about their negative impact on the environment, non-target organisms and human safety. Alternatively, the use of several natural products, particularly plant based essential oils have gained attention due to their good efficacy and ecofriendly nature. The adult knockdown effect and repellent activities of essential oils derived from three selected plants on Culex quinquefasciatus were evaluated. Data processing was performed using probit analysis. The results showed that essential oils from all the selected plants exhibited considerable knockdown effect on Cx. quinquefasciatus. In addition to this, all plant derived essential oils showed repellent activity which was significant in all concentrations. It is suggested that essential oils derived from Citrus limon were found to be very active as mosquito repellent.

Nanotechnology is defined as a very broad field of science which is as diverse as surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, molecular engineering etc. Nanotechnology might have the option to make numerous new materials and devices with a huge scope of use, for example, in Nano medicine, Nano electronics, and bio materials energy creation. Phyllanthus emblica is a remarkable supply of diet C; consequently, it facilitates increase your immunity. Its dietary profile additionally comes studded with a variety of polyphenols which are acknowledged to combat towards the improvement of most cancers cells. Cinnamomum verum is stocked with powerful antioxidants which protects the body from oxidative damage caused by free radicals. The physical characterization of these silver nanoparticles was verified using UV - visible spectroscopy and the surface Plasmon resonance band was formed at 400nm of silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles synthesized using Cinnamomum verum and Phyllanthus emblica extract showed higher antioxidant activity.

Aim and Objectives: Eugenol is widely used in the pharmaceutical and aromatic industries, so the task of surveying to find essential oils containing eugenol is very important. The purpose of this study is to investigate essential oil-bearing plants containing eugenol in Vietnam for pharmaceutical and aromatic industries. Materials and Methods: By the method of fresh sampling of essential oil plants, essential oils are extracted by steam distillation and then analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography (HRGC) to identify eugenol sources. Results: We have found that a lot of plants containing high eugenol content mostly grow wild in forests such as Hiptis suaveolens Poit. containing 62-67% eugenol, Cinnamomum verum Prest: 75-80%, Camellia sasanqua Thumb.: 90-95% can be used to exploit essential oils and extract eugenol. We also pointed out that essential oil plants containing high eugenol as Cestrum nocturnum L.: 50-55%, Ocimum sanctum L.: 60-65%, Ocimum gratissimum L.: 65-75% can be cultivated to obtain eugenol for the pharmaceutical and aromatic industry. Conclusions: During the survey, we discovered and made a list of 10 plants as a source of essential oils containing eugenol in Vietnam. The rainy season in Vietnam is from June to September. During this season, the essential oil content in the fresh leaves is lower than in the dry season, therefore, the eugenol content in the essential oils is low. However, due to the strong-growth of plants in the rainy season, a lot of fresh leaves can be harvested, which mean there are more essential oils presented to be extracted.

The present study elucidated the structures of three A-type tri- and tetrameric proanthocyanidins (PACs) isolated from Cinnamomum verum bark to the level of absolute configuration and determined th...

Cinnamon essential oil is used in food flavoring, food preservation, and for complementary medicine. The most common types of cinnamon used in essential oils are true cinnamon ( Cinnamomum verum) and cassia cinnamon ( Cinnamomum cassia). True cinnamon is commonly adulterated with cassia cinnamon because it is cheaper. However, cassia cinnamon contains higher concentrations of coumarin which has been shown to have adverse health effects. There is a need to develop simple, nondestructive, rapid screening methods for quality control and food authentication and to identify adulteration of cinnamon essential oil. Currently, the most common methods to screen for coumarin in cinnamon include high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC). However, these methods require time-consuming sample preparation and detection. Vibrational spectroscopy methods are emerging as a promising alternative for rapid, nondestructive screening for food safety applications. In this study, a rapid screening method has been developed to examine cinnamon essential oils using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The experimental spectra were compared to theoretical calculations using the DFT method BP86/6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The limit of detection of coumarin was determined to be 1 × 10–6 M or 1.46 mg/L using SERS with colloid paste substrates. Furthermore, 1:16 dilutions of cinnamaldehyde and 1:8 dilutions of eugenol were detected using SERS which can help determine if the cinnamon essential oil was made from bark or from leaves. Seven commercially available cinnamon essential oils were also analyzed and compared to reference solutions. SERS was able to discriminate between essential oils primarily composed of cinnamaldehyde and those composed of eugenol. Furthermore, the SERS method detected peaks that are attributed to coumarin in two of the commercially available samples. To date, this is the first time SERS has been used to rapidly screen cinnamon essential oils.

Cinnamon bark is used worldwide due to its characteristic flavour and medicinal properties. Ceylon cinnamon or “true” cinnamon bark refers to the dried inner bark of the shoots of Cinnamomum verum J. Presl, originated from Sri Lanka. The bark of some other species of this genus, Cinnamomum cassia Blume (Chinese cinnamon), C. burmanni (Nees & T. Nees) Blume (Indonesian cinnamon), and C. loureiroi Nees (Saigon cinnamon) are also marketed and sold as cinnamon. They are characterised by a significantly higher amount of coumarin compared to Ceylon cinnamon bark. Since coumarin may be potentially hepatotoxic, the aim of this study was to determine coumarin level in commercial samples of cinnamon bark and in cinnamon-containing dietary supplements present on the Serbian market. HPLC analysis showed lowest coumarin content in Ceylon cinnamon bark samples (0.08-0.15 mg g-1), whereas other samples contained a significantly higher amounts of coumarin (1.38-5.80 mg g-1). Cinnamon based dietary supplements contained 0.007-1.19 mg coumarin/tablet. The obtained results indicate that the majority of commercial samples of cinnamon bark on the Serbian market do not originate from the Ceylon cinnamon but from other species of this genus, and that consumed amount of certain products should be taken into account since the tolerable daily intake of coumarin is limited.

The learning is too focussing on identification of compounds dependable for the antimicrobial. Medicinal plants have a significant wellspring of pharmacological impacts that goes about as new of diseases, anti-infections, antioxidant and hostile to malignancy operators. In this study, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum L.) green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) nutmegs (Myristicafragrans Houtt) were investigated. Medicinal plants are generally devoured around the world; green tea contains a lot of non-oxidized flavonoids, named catechins. Therapeutic plants are additionally proof that lessens oxidative pressure hostile to diabetic and switches endothelial brokenness. The examination was led to investigate the antimicrobial and cancer prevention agent properties. The antimicrobial activities were analyzed by disc diffusion test against chosen microbial strain. Anti-microbial activity of n-hexane extract from medicinal plants against two “Gram positive” microscopic organisms viz Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtils two “Gram negative” microorganisms, for example, Pasturellamultocida and Escherichia coli was performed. The antimicrobial effects showed that 30% concentration of n-hexane black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) extract had a strong activity against Bacillus subtills (64±1) and 50% concentration of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) extract against Staphylococcus aureus (23±1). The consequences of against oxidant activities uncovered that the most noteworthy all out phenolic substance and complete flavonoid substance were noted after extract of plants. Free radical rummaging action was most extreme in n-hexane extract of plants. Reducing power assay was most extreme extracts of plants. Biofilm activity of plants extracts n-hexane against two bacteria viz Staphylococcus aureus and such as Escherichia coli was done. The extract shows maximum hemolysis of erythrocytes. It was seen that all verified microbial strains were sensitive “>0.82 activity value” to extract that showed a higher antimicrobial impact. Keep in outlook the significance of flavonoids and other bioactive compounds this investigation concentrated on evaluating natural compounds utilizing remove at various fixation.

The metabolomic profiles of four major species of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum, C. burmannii, C. loureiroi, and C. cassia) were investigated by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Thirty-six metabolites were tentatively characterized, belonging to various compound groups such as phenolic glycosides, flavan-3-ols, phenolic acids, terpenes, alkaloids, and aldehydes. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) on the HRMS data matrix resulted in a clear separation of the four cinnamon species. Coumarin, cinnamaldehyde, methoxycinnamaldehyde, cinnamoyl-methoxyphenyl acetate, proanthocyanidins, and other components varied among the four species. Such variations were used to develop a step-by-step strategy for differentiating the four cinnamon species based on their levels of pre-selected components. This study suggests a significant variation in the phytochemical compositions of different cinnamon species, which have a direct influence on cinnamon's health benefit potentials. Graphical Abstract.

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp) is one of important export commodity for Indonesia. With annual production capacity about 103.594 tons, Indonesia is one of main cinnamon’s exporter especially to United States. Recently the utilization of cinnamon is developed, where not only use as spices but also use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The development of cinnamon’s use of course might lead to the market growth.. But on the other side arise an issue about coumarin content, where Cinnamomum burmannii issued to have higher content of this hepatotoxic compound than Cinnamomum verum or Cinnamomum zeylanicum. This research result showed that, although coumarin content of Indonesian Cinnamomum burmannii is higher than Cinnamomum zeylanicum but the difference is not too significant. C. burmannii collected from Gunung. Mas, West Java has coumarin content of 0.0030 % which is slightly higher than C. zeylanicum (0.0017 %). This research result also shown that antioxidant activity and α glucosidase inhibition activity is related to polyphenol and flavonoid content.

Biological studies on thirteen ethanolic plant extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis ,Ocimum basilicum , Moringa oleifera, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Nigella sativa ,Cinnamomum verum ,Salvia officinalis, Lepidium sativum, Foeniculum vulgare, Anethum graveolens, Ficus benghalensis and Cinnamomum camphora )revealed that four of them (Rosmarinus officinalis , Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum verum and Cinnamomum camphora) were the best active against two bacterial species ; E. coli , S .aureus and one fungus species C. albicans. Also, their synergistic effects against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans were studied .So, the phytochemical studies were completed on these four plants . This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the best active plant extracts. The chemical major content of Rosmarinus officinalis was eucalyptol (7.48%) , Zingiber officinale was gingerol (12.73%) , Cinnamomum verum was (E)- cinnamaldehyde (25.55 % ) and Cinnamomum camphora was eugenol ( 27 .35% ) . The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values varied from 0.625 to 2.5 mg/ml, for the S. aureus (gram positive bacteria) affected by Rosmarinus officinali, Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum verum and Cinnamomum camphora. Respectively. C. albicans was the most effective microorganism by Cinnamomum verum and the least effective microorganism by Rosmarinus officinalis and Cinnamomum camphora. ethanolic extracts, as MIC ranged from 0.15 to 1.25 mg/ml.

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum Presi.) is important spice in the world which is cultivate in tropical and subtropical region of the world. It is widely used as beneficial spices and pharmacological agents from the inner bark of plants. The study is fully based on the use of secondary sources of data; related journals, government institutes, and related reports. Medically, this plant is very important but its production is humper due to insect pests and diseases are main barriers for the production of cinnamon fruit. The objective of this study was to document the insect pests and diseases of cinnamon and their management in agroforestry system compared to different cinnamon growing countries. Since many research works were done on these issues but all are not available to the policy makers, extension workers and public in a systematic manner to date. The major insects are jumping plant louse (Trioza cinnamomic), mite (Eriophyes boisi), common mime (Chilasa clytia Lankeswara, Moore), blue bottle (Graphium sarpedon Teredon), leaf and shoot Webber (Orthaga vitialis), hairy caterpillar (Euproctis fraternal Moore), wood boring moth or hairy tussock moth (Dasychira mendosa), fruit borer (Alcides morio Heller), leaf miner (Acrocercops spp.), and sorolopha semiculta (Olethreutes semiculta) and major diseases are leaf spot and die back (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), seedling blight (Diplodia sp.), grey leaf spots/blight (Pestalotia cinnamomic), black sooty mould (Stenella spp.), algal leaf spots (Cephaleuros virescens), stripe canker (Phytophthora cinnamomi), pink disease (Corticium salmonicolor B. and Br.), brown root rot (Phellinus lamaensis Murr.), and leaf spot/blight (Colletotrichum gloesporioides). The paper eventually would help to increase the productivity of C. verum through the management of its insect pests and diseases.

Cinnamon is used in a variety of cuisines, herbal supplements, teas, and other unique variations. Use of it as a spice dates back thousands of years and is primarily found in the lower regions of Asia in places like Sri Lanka and India. This experiment was designed to examine the effects of cinnamon on visual motor reflexes. It was hypothesized that the longer a participant smelt cinnamon the faster their reflex time would be. Participants were used as an internal control to check their base reflexes when initially unexposed to cinnamon, before repeating the experiment with the smell of cinnamon diffusing through the air. This was recorded using an online computer program provided by Washington University that functions as a click the button test. Participants had to press the button every time they saw a computerized traffic light turn green. We then calculated the changes in visual motor response time in intervals of two minutes for ten minutes. The means and standard deviation of each trial for each participant was calculated through both a calculator and the computer program. Most participants showed similar trends in their results with only a few outliers. Afterwards, the means were compared which revealed a gradual decrease in reflex time and statistically significant data with a P value of 0.0026, which supports our hypothesis that the smell of cinnamon decreases reflex response time. This can support the idea that cinnamon may be utilized in everyday activities to enhance mental abilities and may act as a significant stimulant to prevent drowsy driving. The experiment did not account for reflex acclimation however, which may provide a possible source of error in our data set.

Phthorimaea operculella (Potato tuber moth) is a destructive pest of stored potatoes and potato crops, primarily in subtropical areas of the globe. It is a pest of the field as well as storage, the larvae damage the crop through the foliage, stem, and tubers too. The manifestation of potato tuber moth primes to high economic damages in production worldwide. Post-harvest protection of the potato tubers becomes important and is challenging. A treatment with chemical agents is a possible strategy but cannot be recommended for food items hence alternative methods become important in control of these moths. The present study deals with the assessment of plant oils of Cinnamomum verum, Cupressuss sempervirens and Cymbopogon nardus. These plant oils were used to evaluate the larvicidal, adulticidal, Insect growth regulatory, repellency and oviposition deterrence activities against potato tuber moth. Results of the present work indicated that all the test oils show some promise as pest control agents against P. operculella. Oil of C. verum has exhibited promising toxic action (larvicidal LC50 = 110.10 μg/cm2, adulticidal LC50 = 49.78 μg/cm2). The oil of C. nardus caused promising IGR activity (delay in development = 16.2 days) All three plant oils have shown multifarious activity and can be a part of an eco-friendly and user-friendly method of control.

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum and C. cassia) is a medicinal plant, widely-used as a culinary spice. It possesses various therapeutic effects and can slow down the progression of neurological disorders impressively. In this article, the effects of hydro-alcohol extract and essential oil of C. verum and C. cassia and its main bioactive component cinnamaldehyde, has been examined on 6-OHDA-exposed PC12 cells as an in vitro model of Parkinson's disease. The cytotoxicity and cell apoptosis has been induced by 6-OHDA in PC12 cells. The protective effect was determined by measuring cell viability, the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed using resazurin assay, flow cytometry of propidium iodide (PI) stained cells, and western blot analysis. 6-OHDA resulted in the death and apoptosis of cells while, pretreatment with the extract and essential oil of C. verum and C. cassia at 20 µg/ml and cinnamaldehyde at 5 and 10 µM for 24 h could significantly increase the viability (p

Development of functional food especially diabetic food has recently increased since the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased dramatically. Hence, we developed My Cookies® that made from several ingredients that could lower the blood glucose namely arrowroot (Maranta Arundinaceae), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), and porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) glucomannan. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutrient composition, glycemic index, and glycemic load of My Cookies®. Cookie samples were analyzed for their nutrient composition using proximate analysis methods. The total sugar and total starch of cookies were analyzed with colorimetric method and enzymatic method, respectively, while dietary fiber and resistant starch were analyzed with enzymatic-gravimetric method. The glycemic index and glycemic load were determined using Wolever and Jenkins method. The result showed that the cookies contain water, ash, protein, fat, total carbohydrate, soluble fiber, insoluble fiber, and resistant starch as much as 7.20%, 2.66%, 7.66%, 28.00%, 54.49%, 0.57%, 15.80% and 2.23% respectively. Glycemic index and glycemic load of the cookies were 48.2 and 6.92 respectively. Since the glycemic index and glycemic load were categorized as low, it can be concluded that My Cookies® could be consumed by diabetics as an alternative snack.

Background and Objective: With the significant increase in the prevalence of infectious diseases and the development of drug resistance by human pathogenic bacteria, there is a continuous need to discover new antimicrobial compounds from plants. Methods: Four extracts of wild Myrtus communis L. berries (myrtle berries) were prepared with the addition of Cinnamomum verum and Eugenia caryophyllata. The extracts were screened in vitro for their antimicrobial activities using agar-well diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis cultures. Results: The inhibition zones ranged from 12 to 22 mm. The MICs values of extracts lies between the ranges of 30 to 100 mg/ml. Of the extracts studied, the most active ones were those obtained from the myrtle berries:cloves, myrtle berries:cinnamon:cloves with the highest inhibition zones 22 mm and 17mm against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes at 50 mg/ml and 80 mg/ml, respectively. None of the extracts was active against E. coli and P. mirabilis. Conclusion: The present investigations have exposed that the myrtle berries:cloves, myrtle berries: cinnamon:cloves extracts could be used in traditional medicine as natural antimicrobial agents in treatment the bacterial infections.

Background and Objective: Acinetobacter baumannii is considered as a main opportunistic pathogen in hospitals and exhibit high resistance against most antibiotic groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of some antibiotics and essential oils against this bacterium, in vitro. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and one clinical samples were collected from the Children’s Hospital of Damascus. The polymerase chain reaction was conducted to identify the genus and type of bacteria. Finally, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of several antibiotics and essential oils, including Thymus syriacus, Origanum syriacum, Citrus aurantium, Cinnamomum verum, Syzygium aromaticum, Cupressus macrocarpa, Myristica fragrans, Biota orientalis, and Zingiber officinale, were investigated on Luria-Bertani broth agar. Results: Fifty-nine isolates of A. baumannii were identified and the results showed that the DNA fragments of 16S rRNA and the blaOXA-51 _ like gene were approximately equal to 280 bp and 350 bp, respectively. In addition, most effective antibiotics against 50% of bacteria in each isolate of A. baumannii were rifampicin, linezolid, and levofloxacin whereas most effective essential oils included Cupressus macrocarpa, Citrus aurantium, Myristica fragrans, and Biota orientalis.

Aim and objective The present study was conducted to assess the in vitro anticancer effects of Cinnamomum verum J. Presl extract and its active constituents, such as cinnamaldehyde, 4 hydroxycinnamic acid, and eugenol on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Materials and methods Aqueous, ethanolic, and hydroalcoholic extracts of C. verum J. Presl (bark) were prepared using standardized protocols. Cinnamaldehyde, 4 hydroxycinnamic acid, and eugenol were quantified in the extracts. Total saponins, tannins, and polyphenols were quantified in the selected extracts. A commercially available SCC-25 cell line was cultured according to standard protocol. The anticancer effects of the extract, active compounds, and standard cisplatin were assessed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cytotoxicity, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, DNA, fragmentation assay, cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry, and JC-1 staining (5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro1,1',3,3'tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide). Results The hydroalcoholic extracts demonstrated a higher quantity of the active ingredients cinnamaldehyde, 4 hydroxycinnamic acid, and eugenol. The selected extract and active compounds demonstrated anticancer effects via apoptosis induction and S-phase arrest. Apoptosis induction was exerted by the extract via alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential. Conclusion Cinnamomum verum J. Presl and its active compounds exhibited in vitro anticancer effects on oral squamous cell carcinoma. Further studies in animal models have to be carried out to assess toxicity and in vivo effects. Clinical significance The anticancer properties of Cinnamomum verum J. Presl could be explored further for prevention and management of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Introducao: A canela ( Cinnamomum verum ) tem sido investigada por seus efeitos anti-inflamatorio, antibacteriano e antioxidante. No entanto, seus efeitos sobre as doencas cronicas nao transmissiveis em humanos sao escassos, sobretudo com mulheres na pos menopausa. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da suplementacao com canela na composicao corporal e parâmetros bioquimicos de mulheres com sobrepeso ou obesidade na pos-menopausa. Metodos: Foi realizado um estudo longitudinal randomizado, duplo-cego, controlado por placebo com mulheres na pos-menopausa com sobrepeso ou obesidade. As voluntarias foram suplementadas com 2g por dia de canela (n = 15) ou placebo (n = 15), durante oito semanas. Medidas antropometricas, de composicao corporal, glicemia e perfil lipidico foram avaliadas antes e apos a intervencao. Resultados: Apos a intervencao, o grupo placebo (GP) apresentou aumento significativo da glicemia de jejum (p = 0,006), do peso (p = 0,001), do indice de massa corporal (IMC) (p = 0,001), da massa magra (p = 0,017) e da massa gorda (p = 0,006), alteracoes nao observadas no grupo canela (GC). Quanto ao perfil lipidico, ambos os grupos apresentaram aumento de CT (GC p = 0,005 e GP p < 0,001) e do LDL-c (GC p = 0,003 e GP p < 0,001), e somente o GC demonstrou reducao do HDL-c (p = 0,003). Conclusao: Conclui-se que a canela proporcionou um efeito protetor quanto ao ganho de peso e massa corporal, alem de prevenir o aumento da glicemia de jejum das mulheres na pos-menopausa estudadas, sem, no entanto, alterar o perfil lipidico.

Objectives: The present study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of aqueous, methanolic and essential oil extracts of Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon) against two waterborne pathogenic strains isolated from bottled, tap and wells’ water from the rural areas of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: The water samples were drawn from different sources and two strains of Escherichia coli were isolated, purified and confirmed using the MALI-TOF-MS technique. The C. verum extraction was carried out using different solvents and essential oil by hydrodistillation according to the standard methods. The antimicrobial potential was evaluated using a well-diffusion assay and percentage inhibition was calculated. Results: The two isolates were identified as Escherichia coli DSM 1103 QC DSM and E. coli MB 11,464 1 CHB by MALDI-TOF-MS. Aqueous, methanolic and oil extracts of cinnamon were tested for their inhibitory activity against the selected strains using the well diffusion method. E. coli strains were more sensitive towards the essential oil extract with the inhibitory zone of 4.5–5.2 cm rather than the aqueous and methanolic extracts. Analysis of cinnamon essential oil by GCMS showed the presence of Cinnamic acid, Cinnamaldehyde and 3-Allyl-6-methoxyphenol in the essential oil. Conclusion: The results indicated the possible potential of Cinnamomum verum essential oil and extracts in the management of E. coli from different water sources. Possibly, the bioactive compounds including cinnamic acid derivatives may responsible for the bioactivities of the plant.

A alimentação faz inevitavelmente parte do quotidiano de todos nós, e hoje em dia, mais que nunca, a alimentação é muito importante. Temos estilos alimentares muito variados e doutrinas ou condições de saúde que requerem uma alimentação específica. Este trabalho consiste numa análise detalhada sobre as fraudes alimentares, as suas causas, tipos e consequências. São também abordadas as entidades relevantes e as estratégias adotadas a nível europeu para prevenir e detetar fraudes alimentares. Neste trabalho foi principalmente analisado um dos setores alimentares mais aliciante para cometer fraudes alimentares, o setor das ervas e especiarias. Foi realizada uma análise do estado da arte, e são mencionados os principais métodos usados para a autenticação de ervas e especiarias da atualidade. Por fim há uma análise dos métodos de autenticação da canela e é realizada uma proposta de autenticação para a mesma com o uso do Real-Time PCR com base numa análise de diversos artigos científicos. Food is inevitably part of our daily lives, and today, more than ever, food is very important. We have a wide range of dietary styles and doctrines or health conditions that require a specific diet. This work consists of a detailed analysis of how food fraud, its causes, types and consequences. Relevant entities and strategies adopted at European level to prevent and detect food fraud are also addressed. This work mainly analysed one of the most attractive food sectors to commit food fraud, the herb and spice sector. A state-of-the-art analysis was carried out, and the main methods used for authenticating today's herbs and spices are mentioned. Finally, there is an analysis of the cinnamon authentication methods and an authentication proposal for cinnamon using Real-Time PCR is made based on the analysis of several scientific articles. Mestrado em Biologia Molecular e Celular

In herbal medicine, crude plant extracts in the form of herbal extracts are used by the population for the treatment of diseases, including infectious diseases. Several hundred genera of plants are used as vital sources for potent and powerful drugs. The objective of present study were to determine the antimicrobial effect of some natural products of herbal and spice extracts; and compare the antimicrobial activity these aqueous and ethanolic extract test products with reference to MIC and MBC. The current study was carried out on five selected fresh samples from various conditions. Using the agar well and disc diffusion methods, the antimicrobial effects of Tripfala, Java plum, Cinnamon, Henna, and Cumin against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were investigated. The zone of inhibition or antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts of selected sample extracts was greater than that of ethanolic extracts. Among the five selected microbes, Klebsiella sp. had the lowest sensitivities to Tripfala and Java plum extracts, whereas these aqueous and ethanolic extracts had strong antimicrobial activity against four other microbes. The MIC values for all of the natural products ranged from 12.5-25.0 ug/ml, while the MBC values ranged from 25- 100.0ug/ml. During the four-month preservation of prepared discs of these natural plant products, no change in antimicrobial activity was observed. This research suggests that Tripfala and Java Plum have the potential to be used as a source of new broad-spectrum oral antibiotics.

Cinnamomum verum is widely used in traditional medicines, and the different parts of the plant, such as bark, leaves, and flowers, are used for essential oil production. The present study compared the chemical composition of the essential oil of C. verum extracted from the leaves and flowers. In addition, efficacy of these essential oils against the two common pests Sitophilus oryzae and Callosobruchus maculatus was also evaluated. The results indicated the presence of cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, caryophyllene, and linalool in these essential oils, however, at different concentrations. The leaf essential oil was found to be 10–20% more effective as a fumigant against both the pests. Likewise, the leaf essential oil found to repel these pests even at lower concentrations than that of flower essential oil of C. verum. Besides, these essential oils were also effective in controlling the growth of various gram positive and gram negative microbial pathogens and possibly a safeguard for human health. On contrary, both the essential oils were found to be safe for the application on grains, as indicated by their germination potentials. It was also observed that these essential oils do not cause any significant toxicity to guppy fishes, thus confirming their ecological safety for use as a biopesticide.

The Cinnamomum verum (CV), Origanum majorana (CM), and Origanum vulgare (OV) have been used in traditional medicine in several regions of México for their anti-diabetic properties. In this study investigated the variables of ultrasound-assisted extraction for the polyphenolic compounds from the combination of these plants and explore their potential antidiabetic activities on glucose-induced-diabetic zebrafish. Determined the optimum conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) to maximum recovery amounts of phenolic compounds from the extract of these plants. Polyphenols were detected in the extracts using HPLC-DAD-analysis. Extracts were evaluated on zebrafish exposed to high glucose concentration (110 mM) for two weeks. Results showed second-order polynomial mathematical models with a high coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.9564). Optimized extraction conditions for UAE from the combination of the 3 plants (COV) were as follows: 66.03%, ethanol, 28.87 min, and 21.51 mL/g for maximal flavonoids extraction. Used the same optimal extraction conditions for CV, CM, and OV. Results from LC-MS/MS indicated 9 polyphenolic compounds in CV, 12 in CM, and 6 in OV, the content of total polyphenols was 310.28, 90.42, and 126.74 mg GAE 100 g−1 dry weight, respectively. However, hyperglycemic fish showed an increase in cholesterol and triglyceride levels whereas extracts completely prevented these metabolic alterations. COV showed higher anti-diabetic ability than CV, CM, and OV, suggesting a synergistic effect between them. Our investigation developed a new herbal formulation of Cinnamomum verum; Origanum majorana; Origanum vulgare that has proven effective in animals with type 2 diabetes will form a new class of supplements to treat diabetic complications., Polyherbal formulation; Ultrasound-assisted extraction; Response surface technology; Cinnamomum verum; Origanum majorana; Origanum vulgare; T2DM zebrafish model.

The COVID-19 global epidemic caused by coronavirus has affected the health and other aspects of life for more than one year. Despite the current pharmacotherapies, there is still no specific treatment, and studies are in progress to find a proper therapy with high efficacy and low side effects. In this way, Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM), due to its holistic view, can provide recommendations for the prevention and treatment of new diseases such as COVID-19. The muco-obstruction of the airway, which occurs in SARS-CoV-2, has similar features in TPM textbooks that can lead us to new treatment approaches. Based on TPM and pharmacological studies, Cinnamomum verum (Darchini)'s potential effective functions can contribute to SARS-CoV-2 infection treatment and has been known to be effective in corona disease in Public beliefs. From the viewpoint of TPM theories, Cinnamon can be effective in SARS-CoV-2 improvement and treatment through its anti-obstructive, diuretic, tonic and antidote effects. In addition, there is pharmacological evidence on anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, organ-o-protective and anti-depression effects of Cinnamon that are in line with the therapeutic functions mentioned in TPM.Overall, Cinnamon and its ingredients can be recommended for SARS-CoV2 management due to multi-targeting therapies. This review provides basic information for future studies on this drug's effectiveness in preventing and treating COVID-19 and similar diseases., Graphical Abstract ga1

El trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar las características sensoriales y la vida útil del té aromático elaborado a base de llantén (Plantago major L), canela (Cinnamomum verum) y limón sutil (Citrus aurantifolia swingle). Para obtener los resultados se evaluaron parámetros fisicoquímicos tales como: humedad y ceniza, también se realizaron los análisis microbiológicos tales como: Aerobios mesófilos y Coliformes totales; para la evaluación sensorial, los consumidores evaluaron seis tratamientos de diferentes concentraciones, donde se evaluó: Olor, sabor, color y aspecto general aplicado a treinta jueces. Los resultados mostraron que en el análisis fisicoquímico respecto a la humedad tuvo como promedio el 87 % en llantén, 85 % en limón y 5,35 % en canela, cenizas con un 1,79 % en llantén, 0,46 % en limón y 4,25 % en canela, con respecto al análisis microbiológico de las muestras, el llantén tuvo como mayor nivel de contaminación un total de 7,1 x 104 UFC/g en análisis microbiológico de mesófilos aerobios siendo significativo con un 95 % de probabilidad, además de predominancia en coliformes totales con un 1,27 x 104 UFC/g. La evaluación sensorial dio como mejor promedio sensorial con 3,83 puntos interpretado como producto bueno correspondiente al tratamiento T1, teniendo como mayor relevancia el olor y el sabor con 3,87 puntos. Los análisis de varianza demuestran diferencias significativas entre sus promedios al 95 % de probabilidad en cuanto a la evaluación sensorial; las características finales del té aromático a base de llantén, canela y limón fueron de 10,033 % de humedad y 1,21 % de ceniza. Para el estudio de vida útil del alimento, se utilizó el método de predicción matemática de Arrhenius, por lo que se obtuvo un tiempo de vida útil de 8,95 meses sometida a una temperatura de 25 ºC, dicho resultado es superior a las demás pruebas sometidas a 35 ºC y 45 ºC con un tiempo de vida útil de 6,92 y 5,43 meses respectivamente, según el análisis de varianza (ANOVA) éstos resultados no presentan una relación estadísticamente significativa (p=0,0524) entre la vida útil y la temperatura, con un nivel de confianza del 95 %.

PubMedID: 31760838 Context:Cinnamomum verum J. Presl. (Lauraceae) has a high number of polyphenols with insulin-like activity, increases glucose utilization in animal muscle, and might be beneficial for diabetic patients. Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of an ointment prepared from Cinnamomum verum hydroethanolic extract on wound healing in diabetic mice. Materials and methods: A total of 54 male BALB/c mice were divided into three groups: (1) diabetic non-treated group mice that were treated with soft yellow paraffin, (2 and 3) mice that were treated with 5 and 10% C. verum. Two circular full-thickness excisional wounds were created in each mouse, and the trial lasted for 16 d following induction of the wound. Further evaluation was made on the wound contraction ratio, histopathology parameters and mRNA levels of cyclin D1, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde of granulation tissue contents. HPLC apparatus was utilized to identify the compounds. Results: The HPLC data for cinnamon hydroethanolic extract identified cinnamaldehyde (11.26%) and 2-hydroxyl cinnamaldehyde (6.7%) as the major components. A significant increase was observed in wound contraction ratio, fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition, re-epithelialization and keratin biosynthesis in the C. verum-treated groups in comparison to the diabetic non-treated group (p < 0.05). The expression level of cyclin D1, IGF1, GLUT 1 and antioxidant capacity increased in the C. verum-treated groups in comparison to the diabetic non-treated group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Topical administration of C. verum accelerated wound healing and can possibly be employed in treating the wounds of diabetic patients. © 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

The inner bark of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) is widely used as a spice. Cinnamon plants are also a valuable source of essential oil used for medicinal purposes. The present study aimed to investigate the composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil of C. verum bark (CvEO) and its protective effects in vivo on CCl4-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rats. Groups of animals were pretreated for 7 days with CvEO (70 or 100 mg/kg body weight) or received no treatment and on day 7 a single dose of CCl4 was used to induce oxidative stress. Twenty-four hours after CCl4 administration, the animals were euthanized. In the untreated group, CCl4 induced an increase in serum biochemical parameters and triggered oxidative stress in both liver and kidneys. CvEO (100 mg/kg) caused significant reductions in CCl4-elevated levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, urea, and creatinine and increased the level of high-density lipoprotein compared with the untreated group. Moreover, pretreatment with CvEO at doses of 70 and 100 mg/kg before administration of CCl4 produced significant reductions in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyl levels in liver and kidney tissues compared with the untreated group. The formation of pathological hepatic and kidney lesions induced by the administration of CCl4 was strongly prevented by CvEO at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Overall, this study suggests that administration of CvEO has high potential to quench free radicals and alleviate CCl4-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats.

Owing to the worldwide demand for cinnamon spices, true cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) powder is often being adulterated with another inferior quality of cinnamon known as cassia cinnamon (Cinnamomum ...

Pest control should be ecologically-based, therefore use of ecologically safe approaches is the best variant. Essential oils of plants can affect the main metabolic, biochemical, physiological and behavioural functions of insects. In the experiment, we evaluated the influence of 20 essential oils on migration activity of imagoes of Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, 1863 in the conditions of a laboratory experiment. Notable repellent activity against T. confusum was exhibited by essential oils of Jasminum officinale and Thuja occidentalis. Essential oils of Zingiber officinale and Cedrus atlantica had an attractant effect on imagoes of T. confusum. Essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis, Melaleuca alternifolia, Lavandula angustifolia and Cinnamomum verum exhibited repellent properties while essential oils of Juniperus communis and Citrus sinensis had an attractant effect on the pests. Therefore, out of 20 studied essential oils, only four samples had notable biological effect on migration activity of T. confusum imagoes. These data indicate the possibility of using essential oils or their main components as ecologically safe natural repellents against pests of stored wheat and products of its processing.