292 results on '"İmren, Mustafa"'
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102. Occurrence and Distribution of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) in Kayseri Province,Turkey
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Elekçioğlu, İbrahim Halil, CANHİLAL, Ramazan, İmren, Mustafa, Waeyenberge, Lieven, Toktay, Halil, Özdemir, Yunus Emre, Doğan, Sevim, and Deniz, Yunus
- Published
- 2015
103. Evaluation of Turkish wild Emmers (Triticum dicoccoides Koern.) and wheat varieties cultivars for resistance to the root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and Pratylenchus neglectus)
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TOKTAY, Halil, İMREN, Mustafa, ELEKCİOGLU, İbrahim Halil, and DABABAT, Abdelfattah
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Buğday,yabani emmer,kök yara nematodları,Pratylenchus spp.,dayanıklılık ,Wheat,wild emmer,root lesion nematodes,Pratylenchus spp.,resistance ,food and beverages - Abstract
Root-lesion nematodes (RLN; Pratylenchus thornei and Pratylenchus neglectus) are serious plant parasitic nematodes that attack wheat roots and cause significant losses in grain quality and quantity worldwide. They are widely distributed in Turkish wheat growing areas and can be only controlled by growing resistant cultivars and non-host crops. There is no commercial available a wheat cultivar identified as completely resistant to RLN, so that, the breeding programs contain moderately resistant parents to incorporate this trait in high yielding adapted wheat germplasm. The objective of this research was to evaluate some Turkish wild Emmers (Triticum dicoccoides) and national spring wheat varieties for resistant to P. thornei and P. neglectus. In the experiments, 32 wild Emmers and 42 wheat cultivars were inoculated with P. thornei or P. neglectus individuals and grown under controlled conditions in a growth room for 9 weeks. The results showed that 25 and 35 wheat varieties were moderately resistant to P. thornei and P. neglectus, respectively. In total, 17 lines exhibiting multiple resistance reactions to both nematodes were in the same group with the check lines (P, Kök lezyon nematodları (RLN; Pratylenchus thornei ve P. neglectus) buğday köklerine saldırarak, tahıl kalitesi ve miktarında küresel olarak önemli kayıplara neden olan önemli bir bitki paraziti nematod gurubudur. Türkiye’de buğday ekiliş alanlarında yaygın olarak bulunan bu nematodlarla ancak dayanıklı çeşitler ve rotasyonla mücadele etmek mümkündür. Maalesef bugüne kadar bu nematod gurubuna karşı tamamen dayanıklı olarak tanımlanan hiçbir ticari buğday çeşidi bulunamamıştır. Bu nedenle, buğday ıslah programlarında yüksek verimli ve kaliteli buğday çeşitlerine orta derecede (kısmi) dayanıklı ebeveynler kullanılarak dayanıklılık entegre edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı bazı Türk yabani Emmer’lerinin (Triticum dicoccoides) ve bazı ulusal yazlık buğday çeşitlerinin P. thornei ve P. neglectus’a karşı dayanıklılık durumlarını ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla her iki nematoda karşı yapılan iki farklı denemede, 32 yabani Emmer buğdayı ve 42 buğday çeşidinin, P. thornei veya P. neglectus bireylerine karşı dayanıklıkları 9 hafta boyunca kontrollü koşullar altında testlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, P. thornei ve P. neglectus’a karşı sırasıyla 25 ve 35 buğday çeşidinin orta derecede dayanıklılık reaksiyonu sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Toplamda 17 çeşit her iki nematoda karşı dayanıklılık göstermiştir (p
- Published
- 2015
104. Morphological and molecular identification of cyst nematode species (Heterodera spp.) in Algerian cereal fields.
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Smaha, Djamel, Mokrini, Fouad, İmren, Mustafa, Mokabli, Aissa, and Dababat, Abdelfattah A.
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HETERODERA ,CYST nematodes ,SPECIES ,AGRICULTURAL extension work ,GRAIN ,SOYBEAN cyst nematode ,NEMATODE infections - Abstract
Cereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera spp.) are distributed globally and cause severe production losses of small grain cereals. To investigate the occurrence of cereal cyst nematodes in wheat-growing areas of Algeria, a survey was conducted and 27 cereal cyst nematode populations were collected. The populations were initially identified based on their morphological and morphometric characters, followed by molecular methods using speciesspecific primers, complemented by ITS-rDNA sequences. The morphological and morphometric features of second-stage juveniles (J2s) and cysts supported the presence of three Heterodera species: H. avenae, H. filipjevi and H. hordecalis. All morphological values of these distinct populations were very similar to those previously described for these species. Using species-specific primers for H. avenae and H. filipjevi, the specific bands of 109 bp and 646 bp confirmed the morphological identification of both species, respectively. In addition, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were sequenced to study the diversity of the 27 populations. These sequences were compared with those of Heterodera species available in the GenBank database (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and re-confirmed the identity of the species. Nineteen sequences of ITS-rDNA were similar (99-100%) to the sequences of H. avenae published in the GenBank, six sequences were similar (99-100%) to H. hordecalis, and two were similar (98-99%) to H. filipjevi. The results of this study are of great value to breeding programs and extension services, where they will contribute to the design of control measures to keep damaging nematodes in check. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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105. Tahıl Kist Nematodlarının buğdaya zararları
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Elekcioğlu, İbrahim Halil, Börteçine Kasapoğlu, Ece, İmren, Mustafa, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü, Kasapoğlu Börteçine, Ece, Elekcioğlu, İbrahim Halil, and İmren, Mustafa
- Abstract
Buğday (Triticum spp.) dünyada 216 milyon ha ekim alanı, 627 milyon ton üretimi ile tarımı yapılan kültür bitkileri içerisinde ilk sırada yer almakta ve insan beslenmesindeki öneminden dolayı birçok ülke için stratejik bir ürün olarak kabul edilmektedir. Türkiye, yaklaşık 9,4 milyon ha ekim alanı ve 19–21 milyon ton buğday üretimi ile dünyada önemli bir üretici ülke konumunda olup, buğday bitkisinin de aynı zamanda gen merkezi olarak bilinmektedir. Buğdayda ürün kayıplarına neden olan pek çok biyotik ve abiyotik etmen bulunmaktadır. Bitki paraziti nematodlar, biyotik etmenler içerisinde yer alan önemli bir grubu oluşturmaktadır. Bitki paraziti nematodların dünya genelinde buğday üretiminde her yıl ortalama %7-10 oranında ürün kaybına neden oldukları bildirilmektedir. Dünyada buğdayda ürün kayıplarına neden olan bitki paraziti nematodlar; Tohum gal nematodu, Anguina tritici (Steinbuch, 1799), Soğan sak nematodu Ditylencus dipsaci (Kuhn, 1857) Kök-ur nematodları Meloidogyne spp., Kök lezyon nematodları Pratylenchus spp. ve Tahıl kist nematodu, Heterodera avenea group olduğu belirtilmektedir.
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- 2013
106. The Effect of Different Applications on Hatching of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) and Meloidogyne hapla (Chitwood, 1949) (Nemata: Meloidogynidae) and Survivability of Second Stage Juveniles without Feeding
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TOKTAY, Halil, BOZBUĞA, Refik, İMREN, Mustafa, KASAPOĞLU, Ece, and ELEKCİOĞLU, İbrahim
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Fen ,Nematodes,In-vitro,Meloidogyne,Vegetable,Hatching,H2O2 ,Science ,Nematod,In-vitro,Meloidogyne,Sebze,Larva Çıkışı,H2O2 ,food and beverages - Abstract
The second stage juveniles (J2) of Root-knot nematode infect plant roots and feed on the inside roots as obligate parasites. After hatching, in case of inability to find plant roots, they die within a limited period. It is important to know the viability of second stage juveniles without feeding regarding their pathogenicity. In this study, the survivability of the second stage juveniles of root knot nematodes without feeding and the effect of different applications on hatching were investigated. In the first part of the study, the survival rate of Meloidogyne incognita and M. hapla second stage juveniles without feeding was determined. The survivability of M. incognita and M. hapla juveniles at differing time periods were determined by counting under the microscope. Juveniles were placed in a cold room in order to determine survival rate for 108 days at +4°C. The 50% of M. hapla lived until 71th day and 6,5% lived until 101st day in the cold room conditions. M. hapla juveniles entirely died on 108th day. The longest survivability of M. incognita juveniles was found on 66th day. In the second part of the study, the effect of tap water, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 3 different (1%, 2%, 3%) doses with 5 different temperatures (room temperature 16-22°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C) applications were investigated on M. incognita egg mass hatching in laboratory conditions. The highest hatching rate was found from tap water at 30°C application and the least number of larvae hatching was determined on H2O2 applications., Kültür bitkilerinin obligat parazitleri olan Kök-ur nematodlarının yumurtalarından ikinci dönem larvaları (J2) çıktıktan sonra konukçu bitki kökü bulamayanlar belirli bir süre sonunda ölmektedirler. Yumurtadan çıkan larvaların beslenme olmaksızın yaşam sürelerinin bilinmesi nematodun patojenitesi açısından önem arzetmektedir. Bu çalışmada, kök-ur nematodu ikinci dönem larvalarının beslenme olmaksızın canlılıklarını sürdürmesi ve yumurtadan çıkışlarına farklı uygulamaların etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında Meloidogyne incognita ve M. hapla türlerine ait larvaların beslenme olmaksızın yaşam sürelerini ortaya çıkarılmıştır. M. incognita ve M. hapla ikinci dönem larvalarının canlılık oranı mikroskop altında sayım yapılarak belirlenmiştir. Yaşam süresinin belirlenmesi amacıyla elde edilen nematodlar 108 gün süresince +4°C bekletilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, M. hapla 50. güne kadar %71’e yakın oranda canlılığını korumuş olup %6,5’i 101. güne kadar canlılığını koruyabilmiştir. M. hapla larvaları 108’inci günde tamamen ölmüştür. M. incognita’nın en uzun hayatta kalma süresi 66. güne kadar tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında, M. incognita’nın yumurtalarından larva çıkışına laboratuvar koşullarında, çeşme suyu ve Hidrojen peroksit (H2O2)’in 3 farklı (%1, %2, %3) dozunun 5 farklı sıcaklıktaki (oda sıcaklığı 16-22°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C) etkileri araştırılmıştır. En yüksek yumurtadan larva çıkışı 30°C çeşme suyu uygulamasından ve en düşük larva sayısı ise H2O2 uygulamalarından saptanmıştır.
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- 2014
107. Resistance of winter wheat to Heterodera filipjevi in Turkey
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DABABAT, Abdelfattah A., ERGİNBAŞ-ORAKCI, Gül, TOKTAY, Halil, İMREN, Mustafa, and AKIN, Beyhan
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food and beverages ,Key words: Cereal cyst nematodes,Cre,International Winter Wheat Improvement Program,screening,tolerance - Abstract
Cereal cyst nematodes (CCNs) are plant parasites that significantly limit global cereal production. The most frequently reported pathogenic species are Heterodera avenae, H. filipjevi, and H. latipons. One of the most cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and easily adopted control measures is the use of genetic host resistance, which maintains nematode populations below the economic damage threshold level. Many effective sources of resistance to CCNs have been identified in cereals; however, their effectiveness and usefulness is dependent on the interaction of the specific putative resistant accession and the CCN pathotype found in a specific region. In this study, 719 wheat lines from the Facultative and Winter Wheat Observation Nurseries, representing a broad geographical spectrum of breeding lines and varieties from Europe, Central Asia, and the International Winter Wheat Improvement Program, were screened against H. filipjevi under controlled conditions. The results indicated that 114 and 90 genotypes were ranked resistant and moderately resistant, representing 15.8% and 12.5% of the screened genotypes, respectively. The frequency of resistant genotypes observed in the germplasms varied significantly among the different original countries and was the highest for genotypes that originated from Bulgaria (59.3%). From those phenotyped germplasms, a set of 289 lines was genotyped to understand if resistance sources are located at the same site or originate from different locations in the genome.
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- 2014
108. Effect of temperatures on incubation duration of Heterodera avenae cysts and optimization of some materials and methods
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İMREN, Mustafa, TOKTAY, Halil, ÖZARSLANDAN, Adem, DABABAT, Amer, and ELEKÇİOĞLU, İ. Halil
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Tahıl kist nematodları,larva çıkışı,hayat döngüsü,buğday - Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Tahıl kist nematodu, Heterodera avenae’nin Wollenweber yumurtalarının inkübasyonu üzerine sıcaklığın etkisi ile in-vitro koşullarda en uygun deneme test materyallerinin (toprak tipi, inokülasyon oranı ve inokülasyon zamanı) belirlenmesi araştırılmıştır. Sıcaklılığın H. avenae yumurtalarının inkübasyonu üzerine etkisinin araştırıldığı çalışma iki farklı inkübasyon süresinde gerçekleştirilmiş olup, birinci aşamada 4 ºC‘de 66 gün inkübe edilen kistler ikinci aşamada farklı sıcaklıklara (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ºC) transfer edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda her bir sıcaklık için toplam yüzde larva çıkış oranı hesaplanmış ve 252 günlük inkübasyon süresinde sıcaklığın larva çıkış oranını önemli derece etkilediği görülmüştür. Düşük sıcaklıklardaki (5,15 ve 10 ºC) larva çıkış oranı %46.7, %82.3. ve %45.9 ile yüksek sıcaklıklardaki (20 ve 25 ºC) larva çıkış oranına %30.7 ve %19.0 göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. En yüksek larva çıkış oranı %82.3 ile 10 ºC’de, en düşük larva çıkış oranı %19.0 ile 25 ºC’de gerçekleşmiştir. İn-vitro koşullarda H.avenae ile yürütülecek denemelerde, yetiştirme ortamı olarak kumlu toprak tipinin (% 29 tarla toprağı, % 70 kum: % 1: organik madde) tercih edilmesi, nematodun bitkiye inokülasyonunun dikimin 1. gününde, inokülasyon yoğunluğunun ise 2,5 adet ikinci dönem larva/gram toprak olacak şekilde yapılması önerilmektedir
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- 2014
109. Bazı ekmeklik buğday hatlarının Heterodera filipjevi ve Pratylenchus thornei 'ye karşı reaksiyonlarının araştırılması
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TOKTAY, Halil, YAVUZASLANOGLU, Elif, IMREN, Mustafa, NİCOL, Julie, ELEKCİOGLU, İ. Halil, and DABABAT, Amer
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Tahıl kist nematodu,Kök yara nematodu,AUS4930,Cre1 geni - Abstract
Türkiye’de buğday ıslah programlarında Tahıl kist nematodları, Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov) Stelter, H. avenae (Wollenweber) ve Kök lezyon nematodlarına (Pratylenchus thorneiSher & Allen) karşı dayanıklı çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi enstitülerce eşzamanlı olarak yürütülmektedir. Bu çalışmada CIMMYT-Mexico tarafından kullanılan dayanıklılık kaynağı AUS4930 7.2 ve yüksek verimli Pastor ebeveylerinin melezlenmesinden elde edilen 42 (F9) adet melez hattın P. thornei and H. filipjevi karşı reaksiyonlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Denemeye alınan materyallerden 32 hat P. thornei’ ye karşı, 5 hat ise H. filipjevi’ ye karşı dayanıklı bulunmuştur. Her iki nematoda karşı dayanıklı bulunan 4 hattan (2, 7, 23 and 41) sadece 3 tanesinin (2, 7, 41) Cre 1 genini taşıdığı bilinmektedir. Bazı hatlar Cre1 genini taşımasına rağmen her iki nematoda veya nematodlardan bir tanesine kaşı duyarlı bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre H. filipjevi ve P. thornei ile Cre1 geni dayanıklılıkları arasında buğday genomunda bulunan farklı dayanıklılık bölgelerinden dolayı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır
- Published
- 2014
110. Pathotype characterization of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter in Turkey
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TOKTAY, Halil, İMREN, Mustafa, BOZBUĞA, Refik, ORAKÇI, Gül Erginbaş, DABABAT, Amer, and (213-219), İ. Halil Elekçioğlu
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Nematode,wheat,resistance,susceptible,virulence ,Fen ,Nematod,buğday,dayanıklı,hassas,virülens ,Science ,food and beverages - Abstract
Turkey is ranked among top ten wheat producing countries in the world. Cereal cyst nematodes are considered one of the most damaging plant parasitic nematodes on wheat worldwide. Up to date, the most effective method of controlling this group of nematodes is the use of crop rotation and resistant varieties. The successful development of disease-resistant plants is contingent on knowledge of the pathotypes of the causal agent. In this study, three populations of Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter were collected from different locations (Afsin, Elbistan and Yozgat) in Turkey in order to identify their pathotype using “The International Test Assortment of Cereal Cultivars”. The results showed that two populations gave a similar reaction to the resistant and susceptible varieties. These populations were determined as Ha 33 pathotype which is a new report for Turkey., Türkiye dünya buğday üretiminde ilk on ülke arasında yer almaktadır. Tahıl kist nematodları dünya genelinde buğday yetiştiriciliğinde en zararlı bitki paraziti nematod gruplardan biri olarak bilinmektedir. Bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalara göre bu nematod gurubu ile en etkin mücadele yöntemi münavebe ve dayanıklı çeşit kullanımıdır. Nematodlara karşı dayanıklı çeşit geliştirmede en önemli unsur hedeflenen alanlardaki nematodların popülasyonlarına ait patotiplerin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışmada Orta Anadolu Bölgesi’nde buğday alanlarında yaygın bulunan ve önemli zarara neden olan Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter’ nin patotipini belirlemek amacıyla üç farklı lokasyondan (Afsin, Elbistan and Yozgat) alınan popülasyonlar “Uluslararası test materyalleri” kullanılarak denemeye alınmıştır. Bu araştırma sonucunda her üç populasyonun H. filipjevi’nin Ha3 gurubu Ha 33 patotipine ait olduğu belirlenmiştir.
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- 2014
111. Identification of genetic resistance to cereal cyst nematodes; Heterodera avenae (Wollenweber, 1924), Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter and Heterodera latipons (Franklin, 1969) in some international bread wheat germplasms
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İMREN, Mustafa, TOKTAY, Halil, BOZBUĞA, Refik, ORAKCI, Gül Erginbas, DABABAT, Amer, and ELEKCİOĞLU, İ. Halil
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Fen ,Science ,food and beverages ,Cereal cyst nematodes,resistance,Cre genes,wheat ,Tahıl kist nematodları,dayanıklılık,Cre genleri,buğday - Abstract
The cereal cyst nematodes, Heterodera avenae group, are known as parasites of cereals worldwide. In Turkey, the cereal cyst nematodes, Heterodera filipjevi, H. avenae and H. latipons, are the three known species infested wheat fields and cause high yield losses. The using of resistance varieties is one of the most effective methods for controlling cereal cyst nematodes. Recently, resistance genes (Cre genes) which are obtained from wild wheat genotypes have been transferred into bread wheat varieties to control the cereal cyst nematodes species. In this study, the efficiency of some sources of resistance (CreR, Cre1, Cre2, Cre3, Cre7 and Cre8) in wheat against some Turkish H. avenae, H. filipjevi and H. latipons populations was investigated in-vitro conditions. According to results, the effect of resistance genes showed variation depending on different Cereal cyst nematode populations; H.avenae, H. filipjevi and H. latipons. Although Cre1 gene was only found as completely resistant to all (three) nematode species, Cre3 and Cre7 were found resistant to H. avenae and H. latipons. Cre R was also determined as resistant to H. filipjevi and H. latipons populations but Cre8 was only found resistant against to H. filipjevi population. No resistance was found in Cre 2 gene against to all nematode populations. Additionally, 2 resistance gene-free variety and lines were found resistant to H. avenae; 3 wheat lines to H. filipjevi and 11 wheat genotypes were found moderately resistant to H. latipons., Tahıl kist nematodları, Heterodera avenae group, buğdayın önemli zararlılar arasında yer almaktadır. Türkiye’de buğday alanlarının Tahıl kist nematodları, Heterodera filipjevi, H. avenae ve H. latipons’la bulaşık olduğu bilinmektedir. Dayanıklı çeşit ve hatların Tahıl kist nematodları karşı kullanılması en önemli mücadele yöntemlerinden biridir. Son zamanlarda, Tahıl kist nematodlarına karşı buğdayın yabani formlarından elde edilerek ekmeklik buğday çeşitlerine aktarılmış birçok dayanıklılık (Cre genleri) geni geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada dayanıklılık genlerinin (Cre R, Cre1, Cre2, Cre3, Cre7, Cre8) H.avenae, H. filipjevi ve H. latipons‘un ülkemizdeki bazı popülasyonlara karşı etkinlikleri in-vitro koşullarda araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada sonucunda Tahıl kist nematodları, H.avenae, H. filipjevi ve H. latipons popülasyonlarına göre dayanıklılık genlerinin etkinliklerinin değişiği; bunla birlikte Cre1’in her üç nematod türüne karşı tam bir dayanıklılığa sahip olduğu, Cre3 ve Cre7’nin H. avenae ve H. latipons’a, Cre R’nin H. filipjevi ve H. latipons’a, Cre8’in ise sadece H. filipjevi popülasyonlarına karşı dayanıklı olduğu ve Cre2’nin ise her üç nematod türüne karşı dayanıklılığa sahip olmadığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, dayanıklılık geni içermeyen çeşit ve hatlardan H. avenae karşı 2 adet, H. filipjevi karşı 3 adet, H. latipons’a karşı 11 adet buğday genotipi orta dayanıklı bulunmuştur.
- Published
- 2014
112. Occurrence and population dynamics of the root lesion nematodePratylenchus thornei (Sher and Allen) on wheat in Bolu, Turkey
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İMREN, Mustafa, primary, ÇİFTÇİ, Vahdettin, additional, YILDIZ, Şenol, additional, KÜTÜK, Halil, additional, and DABABAT, Abdelfattah A., additional
- Published
- 2017
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113. First report of sugar beet nematode, Heterodera schachtii Schmidt, 1871 (Nemata: Heteroderidae) in sugar beet growing areas of Şanlıurfa, Turkey
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CUI, Jiangkuan, primary, ERGINBAS ORAKCI, Gul, additional, PENG, Huan, additional, HUANG, Wenkun, additional, LIU, Shiming, additional, QIAO, Fen, additional, ELEKCIOGLU, Halil, additional, IMREN, Mustafa, additional, DABABAT, Abdelfattah A., additional, and PENG, Deliang, additional
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- 2016
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114. Occurrence and seasonal variation of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus on cereals in Bolu, Turkey.
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DABABAT, Abdelfattah A., YILDIZ, Şenol, ÇİFTÇİ, Vahdettin, DUMAN, Nagihan, and İMREN, Mustafa
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NEMATODES ,PRATYLENCHUS ,PLANT growth ,WHEAT ,CROP yields - Abstract
The root lesion nematode Pratylenchus spp. is one of the most important plant-parasitic nematodes causing global cereal yield losses. Effective management of plant-parasitic nematodes depends on reliable management strategies and comprehensive datasets estimating the distribution, abundance, and population change of nematode species. This study reports the occurrence of Pratylenchus neglectus in wheat-growing districts during the 2014/15 and 2015/16 cropping seasons in Bolu, Turkey. Pratylenchus neglectus was identified by both morphological and molecular methods. The nematode was detected in 11.6% of samples collected from five districts. On average, P. neglectus numbered 1556 nematodes/kg soil, while 12% of samples had more than 2500 nematodes/kg soil. P. neglectus population dynamics were evaluated by sowing a susceptible winter wheat variety (Bezostaya) in a naturally infested field near the Çaydurt district of Bolu during the 2014/15 and 2015/16 cropping seasons. There was a positive correlation (P < 0.01) between nematode abundance in roots and surrounding soil temperature. The highest abundance of nematodes in roots occurred during May (average temperature: 22 °C), while the lowest abundance was during December-March (average temperature: 5 °C). The initial population was measured as an average of 60 nematodes/100 g soil. The reproduction rate of P. neglectus ranged from 0.7 to 4.8 individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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115. Doğu Akdeniz ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgeleri buğday alanlarında tahıl kist nematodu türlerinin (Heterodera avenae group) belirlenmesi ve bazı buğday genotiplerinin heterodera avenae (wollenweber, 1924)'ye karşı dayanıklılığının araştırılması
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İmren, Mustafa, Elekcioğlu, İbrahim Halil, Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı, Elekcioğlu, İ. Halil, and Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı
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resistance ,dayanıklılık ,ürün kaybı ,Buğday ,Ziraat ,Wheat ,Agriculture ,yield loss ,Cereal cyst nematode ,Tahıl kist nematodu - Abstract
TEZ9043 Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2013. Kaynakça (s. 89-104) var. ix, 105 s. : res. ; 29 cm. This study was aimed to determine the identification of Cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae group) species, investigation of intra and inter specific genetic similarities and determination of Cereal cyst nematode distribution and density on wheat growing area in the eastern Mediterranean and southeastern Anatolia regions. Additionally, the identification of Heterodera avenae' pathotype in -vitro conditions, investigation of its some biological characters, determination of some wheat genotype reactions against to H. avenae and the investigation of yield losses caused by H.avenae on different wheat genotypes in field conditions were also aimed. The study was carried out laboratory and field conditions between the years 2009-2013. The result of the study revealed that 52% of the Eastern Mediterranean and Southeastern Anatolia regions of wheat fields were infested by Cereal cyst nematodes; the most common species was found as H. avenae with 51% infestation rate, and H. latipons and H. filipjevi were followed 40% and 9% infestation rate, respectively. The intra and inter genotypic differences were found among the cereal cyst nematode populations, and H. avenae' pathotype obtained from the eastern Mediterranean region was determined as Ha21 pathotype under Ha1 group"". It was also determined that sandy soil was found as the most proper soil type for H. avenae reproduction; the most appropriate inoculum number was 2.5 second stage juveniles/g soil on inoculation to the same planting day; the most suitable hatching condition of juveniles was found from the two months pre- incubated cysts at +40C and then 191 to 221 days of incubation at 10 0C. Resistance gene, Cre1, was not show the entire effectiveness against to H. avenae; and from the local varieties, Adana99, Sorgül, Şırnak, Sogol Acırlı and some wild wheat forms were determined as moderately resistant. It was determined that the average yield losses caused by H. avenae were varied between 4.36 % and 25.7 % depending on wheat varieties in the field conditions. Bu çalışmada, Doğu Akdeniz ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgeleri buğday alanlarında Tahıl kist nematodu (Heterodera avenae group) türlerinin tanımlanması, tür içi ve türler arası kalıtsal benzerliklerinin araştırılması ile Tahıl kist nematodlarının yaygınlık ve yoğunluklarının tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca, Tahıl kist nematodu, Heterodera avenae'nin in -vitro koşullarda patotipinin belirlenmesi, bazı biyolojik özelliklerinin araştırılması ile bazı buğday genotiplerinin H. avenae karşı reaksiyonlarının tespiti ve H. avenae'nin tarla koşullarında farklı buğday çeşitlerinde meydana getirdiği ürün kaybının araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma 2009-2013 yılları arasında laboratuar ve arazi çalışmaları olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda Doğu Akdeniz ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgeleri buğday alanlarının % 52'sinin Tahıl kist nematodu ile bulaşık olduğu, en yaygın türün % 51 ile H. avenae olduğu, bunu sırasıyla % 40 ile H. latipons ve % 9 ile H. filipjevi'nin takip ettiği ortaya konmuştur. Tahıl kist nematodu popülasyonları arasında değişik tekrar oranlarında tür içi ve türler arası genotipik farklılıkların olduğu ve H. avenae'nin Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi patotipinin ""Ha1 patotip"" grubuna bağlı ""Ha21"" olduğu saptanmıştır. H. avenae'nin üremesi için kumlu toprak tipinin uygun olduğu, nematodun bitkiye dikimle birlikte 2,5 adet ikinci dönem larva/g toprak yoğunluğunda inoküle edilmesi gerektiği, H. avenae yumurtalarından en uygun larva çıkışının 4oC' de iki ay süreyle, ön inkübasyonda bekletilen kistlerden, 10 0C'de 191-221 gün inkübasyonunda gerçekleştiği saptanmıştır. Dayanıklılık geni, Cre1 in H. avenae'ye karşı tam bir etkinliğe sahip olmadığı, yerel çeşitlerden Adana 99, Sorgül, Şırnak, Sogol Acırlı'nın ve bazı yabani buğday türlerinin nematoda karşı orta dayanıklı olduğu saptanmıştır. Tarla koşullarında ürün kaybına yönelik olarak yapılan denemelerde, H. Avenae kaynaklı ortalama ürün kaybının çeşitlere göre % 4.36% 25,7 arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: ZF2010D4.
- Published
- 2013
116. Identification of Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O'Bannon, Santo et Finley, 1980) in potato in Bit lis Province, Turkey
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Ozarslandan, Adem, Imren, Mustafa, Ocal, Atilla, Elekcioglu, I. Halil, and Çukurova Üniversitesi
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root-knot nematode ,Meloidogyne chitwoodi ,fungi ,food and beverages ,molecular identification ,Potato - Abstract
WOS: 000327676500011 The root knot nematode (Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O'Bannon, Santo et Finley, 1980) is an important pest of potatoes throughout the world. It is in international quarantine list of many countries. This species was first reported in Nigde and Nevsehir in 2009 Turkey. The objective of the study was to identify the species of root-knot nematodes collected from potato fields in the province of Bit lis where potatoes are grown extensively in 2010. 16 potato tubers were found infected with the root knot nematode. Egg masses and females of root knot nematodes were obtained using binocular stereo microscope from the infected tubers. For the morphological identification of individuals, female vulva and second term juveniles were prepared. At the same time DNA was extracted from egg masses of nematodes and SCAR primers (JMV1, JMV2 and JMVhapla) were used in PCR. Specific SCAR fragment were obtained from the extracted DNA. The multiplex PCR reaction produced the 540 bp fragment for M. chitwoodi. Both the morphological and molecular methods showed that the samples were M. chitwoodi. This study was the first to show the existence of the species in Eastern Anatolian region. The species attacks potato tubers and make them unmarketable due to deformation, lowers the quality of potato chips and french fries for the processing industry.
- Published
- 2013
117. Identification of Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O’Bannon, Santo et Finley, 1980) in potato in Bitlis Province, Turkey
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ÖZARSLANDAN, Adem, İMREN, Mustafa, ÖCAL, Atilla, ELEKCİOĞLU, İ. Halil, and Çukurova Üniversitesi
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Fen ,Patates,Kök-ur nematodu,Meloidogyne chitwoodi,moleküler teşhis ,Science ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Potato,root-knot nematode,Meloidogyne chitwoodi,molecular identification ,Biyoloji - Abstract
The root knot nematode (Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O’Bannon, Santo et Finley, 1980) is an important pest of potatoes throughout the world. It is in international quarantine list of many countries. This species was first reported in Niğde and Nevşehir in 2009 Turkey. The objective of the study was to identify the species of root-knot nematodes collected from potato fields in the province of Bitlis where potatoes are grown extensively in 2010. 16 potato tubers were found infected with the root knot nematode. Egg masses and females of root knot nematodes were obtained using binocular stereo microscope from the infected tubers. For the morphological identification of individuals, female vulva and second term juveniles were prepared. At the same time DNA was extracted from egg masses of nematodes and SCAR primers (JMV1, JMV2 and JMVhapla) were used in PCR. Specific SCAR fragment were obtained from the extracted DNA. The multiplex PCR reaction produced the 540 bp fragment for M. chitwoodi. Both the morphological and molecular methods showed that the samples were M. chitwoodi. This study was the first to show the existence of the species in Eastern Anatolian region. The species attacks potato tubers and make them unmarketable due to deformation, lowers the quality of potato chips and french fries for the processing industry., Kök ur nematodu (Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O’Bannon, Santo et Finley, 1980) dünyada patatesin en önemli zararlılarından biridir. Birçok ülkede uluslararası karantina listesindedir. Bu tür Türkiye’de ilk olarak Niğde ve Nevşehir illerinde 2009 yılında tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı 2010 yılında Bitlis ilinde patatesin yaygın yetiştirilen alanlarından toplanan patateslerden Kök ur nematodu türünü belirlemektir. 16 patates yumruları Kök ur nematodu ile infekteli bulunmuştur. Kök ur nematodlarının dişi ve yumurta kümeleri infekteli yumrulardan stereo mikroskop altında toplanmıştır. Morfolojik teşhis için dişi vulva ve ikinci dönem larvalar hazırlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda nematodların yumurta kümelerinden DNA elde edilmiş ve SCAR primerler (JMV1, JMV2 ve JMVhapla) PCR için kullanılmıştır. Multipleks PCR’da M. chitwoodi için 540 bp’de bant oluşturmuştur. Morfolojik ve moleküler çalışmanın her ikisinde de örneklerin M. chitwoodi olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bu türün varlığı gösterilmiştir. Bu zararlı patates yumrularına saldırmakta ve yumrularda şekil bozukluğuna sebep olduğu için pazar değerini düşürmekte, Sanayide cips ve patates kızartması olarak da işleme kalitesinin düşmesine neden olmaktadır.
- Published
- 2013
118. Buğdayda Kök yara nematodu, Pratylenchus thornei (Sher et Allen) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae)’ye karşı dayanıklılık çalışmalarında kullanılan yöntemlerin uygunluğunun araştırılması
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TOKTAY, Halil, IMREN, Mustafa, NİCOL, Julie M., DABABAT, Amer, ELEKCİOGLU, İ. Halil, and Çukurova Üniversitesi
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Fen ,Science ,Resistance,wheat,screening methods ,Dayanıklılık,buğday,testleme yöntemleri ,Biyoloji - Abstract
The root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei (Sher et Allen) is a polyphagous and economically important nematode in wheat production systems, particularly in rainfed environments. Chemical management of this nematode is not economically or environmentally sound, leaving cultural practices like crop rotation as the most widely accepted option. Long-term control is best achieved in established wheat monoculture systems through genetic improvement, which provides both economic and environmental benefits to the growers. Intensive screening under controlled conditions can facilitate and accelerate the identification of resistance and its subsequent deployment in commercial wheat cultivars. In this study, a number of variables were assessed to optimize P. thornei screening, including initial nematode density, soil type, container size, reference cultivars, harvest time and watering regime with perlite. Growth room experiments showed clear separation between the resistant and susceptible cultivars, using sandy growth medium (70:29:1 sand, field soil and organic matter), small container (15 mm diameter x 100 mm in long), inoculation density with 400 individuals per plant, 9 week growing period and bottom perlite irrigation system., Kök yara nematodları, Pratylenchus thornei (Sher et Allen) polifag bir zararlı olup, özellikle kurak alanlarda yapılan buğday üretiminde çok önemli ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Buğday ıslah programlarında dayanıklı çeşit geliştirebilmek için ıslah materyalinin hızlı ve doğru şekilde kontrollü koşullarda test edilmesi gerekmektedir. Kök yara nematodlarına karşı dayanıklı çeşit elde etmek amacıyla laboratuvar koşullarında yürütülecek nematod bitki interaksiyonu çalışmalarında öncelikli olarak en uygun in-vitro koşulların belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla 2 farklı toprak tipi, 2 hasat zamanı, 2 çeşit, 2 sulama sistemi, 3 saksı tipi, 2 inokulum miktarı araştırılmış ve 7 tekerrürlü olarak denemeye alınmıştır. Çalışmada P. thornei’ye karşı dayanıklılık denemelerinde en uygun parametrelerin; kumlu toprak tipi (70:29:1 kum:tarla toprağı:organik madde), küçük boy saksı (boru tipi, çap: 15 mm, yükseklik:100 mm), inokulum yoğunluğu 400 birey, 9 hafta hasat süresi, alttan perlitle yapılan sulama sistemi olduğu belirlenmiştir
- Published
- 2012
119. Effect of temperatures on incubation duration of Heterodera avenae Wollenweber (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) cysts and optimization of some materials and methods
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Imren, Mustafa, Toktay, Halil, Ozarslandan, Adem, Dababat, Amer, Elekcioglu, I. Halil, and Çukurova Üniversitesi
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Cereal cyst nematodes ,wheat ,hatching ,life cycle - Abstract
WOS: 000317956400014 In this study, the effect of temperatures on the incubation duration of the cereal cyst nematode cysts, Heterodera avenae Wollenweber and determining of the optimum methods and materials was investigated under in-vitro conditions. The effect of tempratures on incubation duration of Heterodera avenae cysts was studied on two different incubation stages. First incubation exposured to all cysts was set up 66 days at 4 degrees C after each samples transfered different temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 degrees C). The cumulative hatching percent was significantly effected by different temperatures at the end of 252 days. Hatching was greater at lower temperatures (5, 10 15 degrees C) compared to at higher temperatures of (20, 25 degrees C) ranging between 46.7, 82.3 and 45.9% vs and 30.7 and 19.0%, respectively. Although the highest cumulative hatching of 82.3% was obtained at a constant 10 degrees C at 252 days, the lowest cumulative hatching of 19.0% was obtained to 25 degrees C at 252 days. The most suitable soil type for the in-vitro conditions was found the sandy soil (70% sand: 29% field soil: 1% organic matter), best inoculation rate was 2,5 second stage juveniles per gram soil and inoculation time at planting day.
- Published
- 2012
120. Avrupa Birliği enerji güvenliğinin sağlanmasında Türkiye'nin enerji koridoru olma rolü
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İmren, Mustafa, Narin, Müslüme, and Uluslararası İlişkiler Anabilim Dalı
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Energy policies ,Energy ,Turkey ,International Relations ,Uluslararası İlişkiler ,Energy security ,European Union ,European - Abstract
Enerji, ülkelerin gelişimini sağlayan temel yapı taşlarından biridir. Özellikle, petrol ve doğal gaz gibi enerji kaynakları artık ülkeler için vazgeçilmez girdiler olup, stratejik değere sahiptir. Ancak bu kaynakların kısıtlı olması, arz ve talep sahibi ülkelerin tek taraflı çıkarlara dayanan politikaları ve orta vadede bu kaynakların sonunun geleceği endişesi, ülkelerin enerji güvenliği kaygılarını artırmıştır. AB de en fazla enerji kaynağına ihtiyaç duyan bölgesel güçlerden biridir ve doğal olarak kendi arz güvenliğini sağlamak istemektedir. Türkiye de jeopolitik konumu itibariyle potansiyel enerji ithalatçısı ülkeler ile ihracatçı ülkeler arasında bir geçit konumundadır. Doğal olarak bu konumun getirdiği avantajları kullanarak, hem gelişen ekonomisi için gerekli enerji ihtiyacını hem de bir geçiş koridoru olarak AB'nin enerji ihtiyacını karşılayacak iletim hatlarının kendi topraklarında bulunmasını istemektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle bu çalışmada, AB'nin enerji üretimi, tüketimi, ithalatı ve temel enerji politikaları incelenmiştir. Türkiye'nin enerji politikaları ile AB'nin enerji gereksiniminin karşılanmasındaki rolü açıklanmıştır. AB başta olmak üzere, petrol ve doğal gaz tedarikçisi ülkelerin ortak yararları, kaynak ülkelere sağlanacak yararlar ve başta Türkiye olmak üzere, geçiş güzergâhlarında bulunan diğer ülkelere sağlanacak yararlar değerlendirilmiştir.Sonuç olarak, Türkiye, AB'nin enerji güvenliğinin karşılanmasında bölgedeki en istikrarlı ülkedir. Bu nedenle Türkiye'nin mevcut enerji nakil hatlarının geliştirilmesi, yeni iletim hatlarının planlanması ve hayata geçirilmesi konusunda eksikliklerini bir an önce tamamlayarak daha etkin bir politika izlemesi gerekmektedir. Ancak bu yönde doğru politik adımların atılması ile Türkiye bölgedeki `enerji koridoru rolünü` pekiştirebilir ve bölgede önemli bir stratejik güç unsuruna dönüşebilir.Anahtar sözcükler: Enerji, Enerji Güvenliği, Avrupa Birliği, Enerji Boru Hattı, Enerji Politikaları, Enerji Pazarları. Energy is one of the basic building blocks that help countries develop. Especially, energy supplies like oil and natural gas are now indispensable feedstocks and have a strategic value. However, that these supplies are restricted, the policy based on unilateral interests of the countries which have supply and demand, and the concern that these sources will break up in the medium term increased the security preoccupations of the countries. EU is one of the regional forces which needs the most energy source and thus, desires to provide its own security of supply. And because of its geopolitical position, Turkey serves as a gateway between the potential energy importer countries and the exporter countries. As a natural consequence, using this position, it wants the transmission lines that provide the energy needs necessary for both its developing economy and EU to be on its own land as an energy corridor. From this point of view, in this study the energy production, consumption, import and the basic energy policies have been analyzed. By the energy policies of Turkey, its role in providing EU?s energy need has been explained. The common benefits of the energy and natural gas suppliers, in particular EU, the benefits which are going to be provided to the source countries and the benefits that are going to be provided to the countries on the transition route, notably Turkey, has been evaluated.As a consequence, Turkey is the most consistent country of the region in providing the EU?s energy security. For this reason, Turkey has to follow a more active policy in improving its existing energy transmission lines, planning and realizing the new transmission lines by making up its shortcomings as soon as possible. Only going through the proper channels can Turkey strengthen its ?role as energy corridor? and become an important strategic force in the region.Key words: Energy, Energy Security, European Union, Energy Pipeline, Energy Policies, Energy Markets. 232
- Published
- 2011
121. Association analysis of resistance to cereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera avenae) and root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei) in CIMMYT advanced spring wheat lines for semi-arid conditions
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Dababat, Abdelfattah A., primary, Ferney, Gomez-Becerra Hugo, additional, Erginbas-Orakci, Gul, additional, Dreisigacker, Susanne, additional, Imren, Mustafa, additional, Toktay, Halil, additional, Elekcioglu, Halil I., additional, Mekete, Tesfamariam, additional, Nicol, Julie M., additional, Ansari, Omid, additional, and Ogbonnaya, Francis, additional
- Published
- 2016
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122. Identification of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes having resistance against root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita
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Bozbuga, Refik, primary, Dasgan, H. Yildiz, additional, Akhoundnejad, Yelderem, additional, Imren, Mustafa, additional, Toktay, Halil, additional, and Kasapoglu, Ece Bortecine, additional
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- 2015
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123. Determination of plant parasitic nematodes in vegetable, wheat and grapevine fields in Diyarbakır province
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İmren, Mustafa, Elekçioğlu, İ. Halil, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı, Elekcioğlu, İ. Halil, and Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Nematoda ,Diyarbakır ,Plant parasitic nematodes ,Agriculture ,Bugday ,grapevine ,Bitki paraziti nematodlar ,Ziraat ,Bag ve Diyarbakır ,wheat ,Vegetables ,Wheat ,vegetable ,Biology ,Sebze ,Biyoloji - Abstract
TEZ6423 Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2007. Kaynakça (s.99-111) var. viii, 116 s. : rnk.res. ; 29 cm. In this study, plant parasitic species of Tylenchida, Dorylaimida and Aphelenchida (Nemata) in vegetable, wheat and grapevine fields in Diyarbakır province are examined. In 2005-2006, during the spring and summer months, when soil condition suitable, soil and plant root samples were taken, from these samples, nematodes were extracted, prepared, measured and identified. Identification, synonyms, possible variations, distribution and habitats of each species are given as a result of both laboratory studies and literature records, comperatively. A total of 23 species were determined of which species were 12 genus belonging to 10 subfamilies within 8 families of Tylenchoidea, Anguinoidea, Hoplolaimoidea, Dolichodoridea, Longidoridea and Aphelenchoidea, superfamilies of Tylenchina, Hoplolaimina, Dorylaimina and Aphelenchina suborders of Tylenchida, Aphelenchida and Dorylaimida orders. Among the species; Paratrophurus striatus and Pratylenchoides sheri are determined for the first time in the Nematoda fauna of Turkey. The most encountered species in this study are Merlinius brevidens; Helicotylenchus dihystera, Pratylenchoides alkani, Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchoides fallax; Xiphinema pachtaicum ve Aphelenchus avenae which are belonged to the orders of Tylenchida, Dorylaimida and Aphelenchida. Bu çalısmada Diyarbakır ili bugday, sebze ve bag alanlarında bulunan Tylenchida, Aphelenchida ve Dorylaimida (Nemata) takımlarına ait bitki paraziti nematod türlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıstır. Bu kapsamda, 2005-2006 yıllarında bitki gruplarına göre degismekle birlikte toprak kosullarının uygun oldugu ilkbahar ve yaz aylarında toprak ve kök örnekleri alınmıstır. Alınan toprak ve kök örneklerinden elde edilen nematodların daimi preparatları hazırlanarak, ölçüm ve teshisleri yapılmıstır. Tespit edilen türlerin tanımı, sinonimleri, görülen varyasyonlar, çalısma kapsamına giren alanlardaki yayılısı, literatürde kayıtlı yayılısı ve habitatları verilmistir. Çalısmanın sonucunda Tylenchida, Aphelenchida ve Dorylaimida takımlarının Tylenchina, Hoplolaimina, Dorylaimina ve Aphelenchina alttakımlarına baglı Tylenchoidea, Anguinoidea, Hoplolaimoidea, Dolichodoridea, Longidoridea ve Aphelenchoidea üst familyalarından 8 familya, 10 alt familya ve 12 cins'e baglı 23 tür saptanmıstır. Tespit edilen türlerden;. Paratrophurus striatus ve Pratylenchoides sheri Türkiye nematod faunası için yeni kayıt niteligindedir. Çalısmada Tylenchida, Dorylaimida ve Aphelenchida takımlarından saptanan en yaygın türler Merlinius brevidens; Helicotylenchus dihystera, Pratylenchoides alkani, Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchoides fallax; Xiphinema pachtaicum ve Aphelenchus avenae olarak tespit edilmistir. Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi Tarafından Desteklenmiştir. Proje No:ZF2006YL101
- Published
- 2007
124. The Complex Cell Wall Composition of Syncytia Induced by Plant Parasitic Cyst Nematodes Reflects Both Function and Host Plant.
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Li Zhang, Lilley, Catherine J., Imren, Mustafa, Knox, J. Paul, and Urwin, Peter E.
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PLANT nematodes ,PLANT cell walls ,HOST plants - Abstract
Plant–parasitic cyst nematodes induce the formation of specialized feeding structures, syncytia, within their host roots. These unique plant organs serve as the sole nutrient resource for development and reproduction throughout the biotrophic interaction. The multinucleate syncytium, which arises through local dissolution of cell walls and protoplast fusion of multiple adjacent cells, has dense cytoplasm containing numerous organelles, surrounded by thickened outer cell walls that must withstand high turgor pressure. However, little is known about how the constituents of the syncytial cell wall and their conformation support its role during nematode parasitism. We used a set of monoclonal antibodies, targeted to a range of plant cell wall components, to reveal the microstructures of syncytial cell walls induced by four of the most economically important cyst nematode species, Globodera pallida, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera avenae and Heterodera filipjevi, in their respective potato, soybean, and spring wheat host roots. In situ fluorescence analysis revealed highly similar cell wall composition of syncytia induced by G. pallida and H. glycines. Both consisted of abundant xyloglucan, methyl-esterified homogalacturonan and pectic arabinan. In contrast, the walls of syncytia induced in wheat roots by H. avenae and H. filipjevi contain little xyloglucan but are rich in feruloylated xylan and arabinan residues, with variable levels of mixed-linkage glucan. The overall chemical composition of syncytial cell walls reflected the general features of root cell walls of the different host plants. We relate specific components of syncytial cell walls, such as abundant arabinan, methyl-esterification status of pectic homogalacturonan and feruloylation of xylan, to their potential roles in forming a network to support both the strength and flexibility required for syncytium function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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125. Morphological and molecular identification of cereal cyst nematodes from the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey
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İMREN, Mustafa, primary, WAEYENBERGE, Lieven, additional, VIAENE, Nicole, additional, ELEKCİOĞLU, İbrahim Halil, additional, and DABABAT, Abdelfattah, additional
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- 2015
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126. Determining the OptimalMeloidogyne IncognitaInoculum Level, Inoculation Time, Pathogencity and Gall Development on Tomato Roots for Resistance Experiments in Breeding Programs
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Bozbuga, Refik, primary, Imren, Mustafa, additional, Kasapoglu, Ece Bortecine, additional, Toktay, Halil, additional, and Elekcioglu, Ibrahim Halil, additional
- Published
- 2015
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127. Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerinin Kök Yara Nematodları Pratylenchus thornei ve Pratylenchus neglectus’a (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) Karşı Dayanıklılıklarının Belirlenmesi
- Author
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İMREN, Mustafa, primary
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
128. The importance and management strategies of cereal cyst nematodes, Heterodera spp., in Turkey
- Author
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Dababat, Abdelfattah A., primary, Imren, Mustafa, additional, Erginbas-Orakci, Gul, additional, Ashrafi, Samad, additional, Yavuzaslanoglu, Elif, additional, Toktay, Halil, additional, Pariyar, Shree R., additional, Elekcioglu, Halil I., additional, Morgounov, Alexei, additional, and Mekete, Tesfamariam, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
129. Dayanıklılık Geni Cre1’in Akdeniz Tahıl kist nematodu, Heterodera latipons’a Franklin Karşı Etkinliğinin Araştırılması
- Author
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İMREN, Mustafa, primary
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
130. Adana ilinde önemli kültür bitkilerinde bulunan bitki paraziti nematod türleri
- Author
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KASAPOĞLU, Ece B., primary, İMREN, Mustafa, additional, and ELEKCİOĞLU, İ. Halil, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
131. Effect of cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) on yield of some spring wheat varieties in Adana Province, Turkey
- Author
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İMREN, Mustafa, primary and ELEKCİOĞLU, İbrahim Halil, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
132. Occurrence and population dynamics of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei (Sher and Allen) on wheat in Bolu, Turkey.
- Author
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İMREN, Mustafa, ÇİFTÇİ, Vahdettin, YILDIZ, Şenol, KÜTÜK, Halil, and DABABAT, Abdelfattah A.
- Subjects
- *
PRATYLENCHUS , *WHEAT diseases & pests , *NEMATODE populations , *CROPPING systems , *WORMS , *REPRODUCTION - Abstract
Root lesion nematodes (RLNs) are an economically important pest due to their wide host range in the global cropping system. In Turkey, they have been found in every region and attack almost all crops (especially wheat), causing significant damage. This study investigated the occurrence and population dynamics of the root lesion nematode species Pratylenchus thornei on the winter wheat cultivar 'Bayraktar' under field conditions in Bolu Province. Surveys were conducted and a total of 145 root and soil samples were collected. Pratylenchus thornei was detected in 25 soil samples (17.2% of the total samples). Field experiments revealed that P. thornei populations were at their lowest density during the winter (November to February), before gradually increasing to their maximum in July and then decreasing again during the dry summer periods. The number of nematodes was positively correlated with temperature, and the nematode reproduction rate was between 0.8 and 4.6. When combined with integrated pest management strategies, the information provided by these results will be useful for suppressing the nematode population below the threshold level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
133. OCCURRENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF CEREAL CYST NEMATODE, HETERODERA FILIPJEVI (NEMATA: HETERODERIDAE), IN BOLU PROVINCE OF TURKEY.
- Author
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İmren, Mustafa, Toktay, Halil, Kutuk, Halil, and Dababat, Abdelfattah A.
- Subjects
- *
NEMATODE identification , *HETERODERA , *WHEAT diseases & pests , *WHEAT yields , *NEMATODE geographical distribution , *NEMATODE morphology - Abstract
Cereal cyst nematodes, Heterodera filipjevi, parasitize the roots of wheat and cause significant yield losses around the world. Cereal cyst nematodes are one of the most important and endemic problems in wheat-growing areas especially where rainfall is limited and monoculture crop production practices exist. In Turkey, cereal cyst nematodes are considered among the most damaging pests in wheat. Identifying cyst nematode species and determining their prevalence and distribution in Turkey are important for predicting potential spread in the future. This survey aimed to identify cyst nematode species and to assess their prevalence in cereal growing areas of Bolu province in Turkey. Cereal cyst nematode cysts were found in 83% of the surveyed fields. Prevalence of cysts was greater in cereal-growing areas in the provincial center and in the Gerede district. Morphological features of second-stage juveniles and cysts were examined, and DNA was extracted from second-stage juveniles and the species-specific Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) primers were used for molecular identification. Based on both morphological and molecular methods, all samples were identified as H. filipjevi. This study was the first comprehensive investigation of H. filipjevi prevalence in cereal fields in Bolu. This information is of value to alert personnel of wheat breeding programs to develop local resistant varieties to target H. filipjevi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
134. Genetic variation and population dynamics of the cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjeviin wheat areas of Bolu, Turkey
- Author
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Imren, Mustafa, Waeyenberge, Lieven, Sami Koca, A., Duman, Nagihan, Yildiz, Şenol, and Dababat, Abdelfattah
- Abstract
The cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi(Madzhidov) Stelter, was detected in Turkey in 1996 and since then it has been increasingly reported to cause losses in wheat yields. Cereal cyst nematode populations have a wide genetic diversity which makes it difficult to be managed. The objectives of this research were to investigate the genetic variation of 23 cyst nematode populations collected from wheat growing areas of Bolu Province, utilising sequenced ITS-rDNA regions, and monitoring main nematode isolate population dynamics in field conditions. The results of ribosomal DNA sequencing revealed that all cyst populations were H. filipjeviand that little genetic variation was present among populations. The highest number of second-stage juveniles was observed between April and beginning of May in a field experiment; white females were visible on the roots in late May. The hatching process was positively correlated with low temperatures, but there were inverse correlations between reproductive factors and initial nematode population densities.
- Published
- 2017
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135. Occurrence, identification and phylogenetic analyses of cereal cyst nematodes (Heteroderaspp.) in Turkey
- Author
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CUI, Jiang-kuan, PENG, Huan, LIU, Shi-ming, Gul, Erginbas Orakci, HUANG, Wen-kun, Imren, Mustafa, Dababat, Abdelfattah Amer, and PENG, De-liang
- Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes are very common on cereal crops and cause economic losses viareduction in grain quality and quantity. During 2014, 83 soil samples were collected from wheat and barley fields in 21 districts of 13 provinces across five regions (Central Anatolia, Marmara, Aegean, Southeast Anatolia, and Black Sea Region) of Turkey. Cyst-forming nematodes were found in 66 samples (80%), and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing and species-specific PCR identified the species in 64 samples as Heterodera filipjevi, Heterodera latipons,and Heterodera avenae.The predominant pathogenic cereal cyst nematode was H. filipjevi,which was found in all five regions surveyed. H. avenaewas only detected in Southeast Anatolia whereas H. latiponswas detected in Southeast Anatolia and Central Anatolia. ITS-rDNA phylogenetic analyses showed that H. avenaeisolates from China clustered with H. australis,and Turkish isolates were closely related to European and USA isolates of this species. H. filipjevifrom Turkey and China were clustered closely with those from the UK, Germany, Russia, and the USA. The density of many of these populations exceeded or approached the maximum threshold level for economic loss. To our knowledge, this is the first report of H. filipjeviin Diyarbakir, Edirne, and Kutahya provinces, and the first report of H. avenaein Diyarbakir Province. These results exhibit the most rigorous analysis to date on the occurrence and distribution of Heteroderaspp. in Turkey's major wheat-producing areas, thus providing a basis for more specific resistance breeding, as well as other management practices.
- Published
- 2017
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- View/download PDF
136. Alternative strategies to control root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) with different irrigation systems in pepper greenhouses.
- Author
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TOKTAY, Halil, IMREN, Mustafa, and BOZBUGA, Refik
- Subjects
- *
PEPPER diseases & pests , *ROOT-knot nematodes , *SOIL solarization - Abstract
Root-knot nematodes possess a wide group of hosts and cause significant yield losses in many economically important plant species. Restrictions on the use of nematicides in Turkey have increased; hence it is needed to discover new control methods for managing Root-knot nematodes. Therefore, establishing alternative control programme to combat root-knot nematodes in pepper greenhouse in Turkey remarkably is significant. In this study, soil solarization with two diverse chemicals and soil fumigants combined with two and four drip irrigation pipe in both side of systems for using availability against nematode was investigated. Solarization + metham sodium + iprodione application with four lateral drip irrigation pipes in both side of system were found to be effective on yield and nematode galls on the roots. Solarization + iprodione with four drip irrigation pipe in both sides of systems were found to have the highest impact on plant height and nematode reproduction rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
137. Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerinin Kök Yara Nematodları Pratylenchus thornei ve Pratylenchus neglectus'a (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) Karşı Dayanıklılıklarının Belirlenmesi.
- Author
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İMREN, Mustafa, ELEKCİOĞLU, İbrahim Halil, and ÖZKAN, Hakan
- Abstract
Root lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus spp. feeds on plants root and causes wounds provide a means of entry for soilborne pathogen. It is known that the using of resistant/tolerant wheat varieties is the most effective method in order to control nematodes in wheat cultivation. In this study, the resistance of 82 bread wheat varieties grown in Turkey were investigated against root lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus, in-vitro conditions. At the end of this study, no resistant wheat genotype against Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus was found. However, it was found that 29 varieties moderately resistant, 44 varieties moderately susceptible, 9 varieties susceptible against P. thornei and 37 varieties moderately resistant, 38 varieties moderately susceptible, 7 varieties susceptible against P. neglectus. Additionally, 14 wheat varieties were moderately resistant against both P. thornei and P. neglectus. Among the tested wheat varieties, Uzunyayla, Atlı, Yayla 305 and Harmankaya showed higher performance than CROC_1/AE. SQUARROSA(224)//OPATA) variety, therefore it is suggested that these varieties should be incorporated into national wheat breeding programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
138. Dayanıklılık Geni Cre1'in Akdeniz Tahıl Kist Nematodu, Heterodera latipons Franklin (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae)'e Karşı Etkinliğinin Araştırılması.
- Author
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İMREN, Mustafa, KASAPOĞLU, Ece Börteçine, DABABAT, Abdelfattah, TOKTAY, Halil, and ELEKCİOĞLU, İbrahim Halil
- Abstract
Cereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera avenae group) are important pests of wheat; they include the three most important species of cereal cyst nematodes: Heterodera avenae Wollenweber, H. latipons Franklin and H. filipjevi (Madzhidov) in Turkey that were determined in different wheat growing areas. It was reported that Mediterranean cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera latipons which is widely found in the centre of the durum wheat growing area -South-eastern Anatolia regionin our country was reaching the economical threshold in many locations. It is known that the use of resistant/tolerant wheat varieties is the most effective controlling method against cyst nematodes in the wheat cultivation. Nowadays, nine different resistance genes (Cre genes), which are transferred from wild wheat species to wheat cultivated forms are available. In this study, the efficiency of the resistance gene, Cre1, against the population of H. latipons from Gaziantep (Karkamıs) was investigated. In the study, 38 genotypes carrying Cre1 gene and 26 genomes lacking resistance genes; this gives a total 64 wheat genotypes which are produced by parental crossing of SILVERSTAR containing the resistance gene, Cre1, in its genome, SOKOLL, CALINGIRI, GOLDMARKER, CROC-1/AE.SQUARROSA(224)//OPATA, FRAME, STYLET and PASTOR were used against H. latipons in the experiment. Among the 64 genotypes; 20 were resistant, 32 were moderately resistant and 12 were moderately susceptible to the nematode. Ten resistant, 20 moderately resistant and 8 moderately susceptible lines were determined against H. latipons that these 38 lines carried the Cre1 gene in their genome. Within this study, the resistant gene, Cre1, was not found to be completely resistant against H. latipons, but its 78% efficiency rate was found to be successful: therefore, it was concluded that it can be used against H. latipons in national wheat breeding programs. Furthermore, PASTOR, SOKOLL and CROC-1/AE.SQUARROSA(224)//OPATA wheat genotypes were determined as good resistance source against H. latipons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
139. Insecticidal effect of entomopathogenic nematodes and the cell-free supernatants from their symbiotic bacteria against different larval instars of Agrotis segetum(Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
- Author
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Yüksel, Ebubekir, Imren, Mustafa, Özdemir, Esengül, Bozbuğa, Refik, and Canhilal, Ramazan
- Abstract
Background: Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) and their symbiotic bacteria are pathogenic for a wide range of insect pests and have been used successfully as a biological control agent. Although EPNs are well studied against many agricultural insect pests, the efficacy of their symbiotic bacteria still remains unclear for many insect pests of agricultural importance. In the present study, the virulence of native EPN isolates and their cell-free supernatants of symbiotic bacteria were tested against the 3rd and 4th larval instars of Agrotis segetum(Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 °C and R.H. 60%). Results: The 4th instar larvae were more susceptible to infective juveniles (IJs) and mortalities over (95%) were achieved by all tested EPN isolates at the concentration of 100 IJs/cm
2 after 72 hrs of exposure. The cell-free supernatants were more effective against the 3rd instar larvae and the highest mortalities were recorded as 42 and 60% in the contact and leaf disc bioassays, respectively. Conclusion: The results indicated that the cell-free supernatants can be an ideal application for young larval stages of A. segetum. However, further studies are required to test the effectiveness of both EPNs and the cell-free supernatants of their symbiotic bacteria in field conditions.- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
140. Plant parasitic nematode species found on important cultivated plants in Adana
- Author
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Kasapoglu, Ece B., Imren, Mustafa, Elekcioglu, I. Halil, and Çukurova Üniversitesi
- Subjects
systematic ,Plant parasitic nematodes ,survey ,Adana - Abstract
WOS: 000348534600009 Plant parasitic nematodes which are animal organisms cause serious economic losses in cultivated plants. The total of 140 soil samples was collected for the detection of plant parasitic nematodes in Adana in 2010. Plant parasitic nematodes were identified with classical methods. 23 plant parasitic nematode species belonging to 12 genus, 8 families in the orders Tylenchida, Aphelenchida, Dorylaimida were detected. Pratylenchus zeae Graham, 1951, P. loosi Loof, 1960, P. delattrei Luc, 1958, Helicotylenchus digonicus Perry, in Perry, Darling and Thorne, 1959, Scutylenchus cylindricaudatus Ivanova, 1968, are new records for the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Pratylenchus delattrei is recorded for the first time the nematoda fauna of Turkey. In this study, Aphelenchus avenae, Rotylenchulus macrosomus, Pratylenchus thornei, Merlinius brevidens ve Tylenchulus semipenetrans were determined as the most common species.
141. Phytopathogenic nematodes associated with olive trees (Olea europaea L.) in North Africa: current status and management prospects.
- Author
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Laasli, Salah-Eddine, Mokrini, Fouad, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., Yüksel, Ebubekir, Imren, Mustafa, Amiri, Said, and Lahlali, Rachid
- Subjects
- *
PLANT nematodes , *OLIVE , *CROP yields , *NEMATODES , *BIOINDICATORS , *CROP management , *CROPS - Abstract
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a significantly important crop in an ecological, economic, and cultural manner, particularly in North Africa. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are dangerous soilborne pathogens, particularly in olive nurseries, contributing to annual economic and yield losses. However, the impact of these nematodes on olive orchards and nurseries has been documented in only a few countries. This review aims to provide (1) an update on the current status of PPNs associated with olive trees in North African countries (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya). (2) Reviewing their current diversity in different taxonomic levels and highlighting the frequencies of different taxa causing damage to olive trees, (3) describing their role as root and soil health bioindicators via potential affiliation with edaphic properties, and (4) listing current management strategies against PPNs in olives with a focus on integrated biocontrol methods. Dedicating more research topics to the nematode communities associated with olive trees is extremely important for assuring better management to reach cropping yield sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
142. Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot in Wheat-Growing Areas of Northern Kyrgyzstan.
- Author
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Özer, Göksel, Erper, İsmail, Yıldız, Şenol, Bozoğlu, Tuğba, Zholdoshbekova, Sezim, Alkan, Mehtap, Tekin, Fatih, Uulu, Tair Esenali, İmren, Mustafa, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., and Derviş, Sibel
- Subjects
- *
ROOT rots , *RNA polymerase II , *MACROPHOMINA phaseolina , *FUSARIUM solani , *FUSARIUM oxysporum , *FUSARIUM culmorum , *RHIZOCTONIA solani - Abstract
Fungal species associated with crown and root rot diseases in wheat have been extensively studied in many parts of the world. However, no reports on the relative importance and distribution of pathogens associated with wheat crown and root rot in Kyrgyzstan have been published. Hence, fungal species associated with wheat crown/root rot were surveyed in three main wheat production regions in northern Kyrgyzstan. Fungal species were isolated on 1/5 strength potato-dextrose agar amended with streptomycin (0.1 g/L) and chloramphenicol (0.05 g/L). A total of 598 fungal isolates from symptomatic tissues were identified using morphological features of the cultures and conidia, as well as sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the translation elongation factor 1α (TEF1), and the RNA polymerase II beta subunit (RPB2) genes. The percentage of fields from which each fungus was isolated and their relative percentage isolation levels were determined. Bipolaris sorokiniana, the causal agent of common root rot, was the most prevalent pathogenic species isolated, being isolated from 86.67% of the fields surveyed at a frequency of isolation of 40.64%. Fusarium spp. accounted for 53.01% of all isolates and consisted of 12 different species. The most common Fusarium species identified was Fusarium acuminatum, which was isolated from 70% of the sites surveyed with an isolation frequency of 21.57%, followed by Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium nygamai, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium equiseti, all of which had a field incidence of more than 23%. Inoculation tests with 44 isolates representing 17 species on the susceptible Triticum aestivum cv. Seri 82 revealed that Fusarium pseudograminearum and F. culmorum isolates were equally the most virulent pathogens. The widespread distribution of moderately virulent B. sorokiniana appears to be a serious threat to wheat culture, limiting yield and quality. With the exception of F. culmorum, the remaining Fusarium species did not pose a significant threat to wheat production in the surveyed areas because common species, such as F. acuminatum, F. nygamai, F. oxysporum, and F. equiseti, were non-pathogenic but infrequent species, such as Fusarium redolens, Fusarium algeriense, and F. pseudograminearum, were highly or moderately virulent. Curvularia inaequalis, which was found in three different fields, was mildly virulent. The remaining Fusarium species, Fusarium solani, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium burgessii, and Fusarium tricinctum, as well as Microdochium bolleyi, Microdochium nivale, and Macrophomina phaseolina, were non-pathogenic and considered to be secondary colonizers. The implications of these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
143. Identification and Biocontrol Potential of Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Their Endosymbiotic Bacteria in Apple Orchards against the Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae).
- Author
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Gümüşsoy, Asım, Yüksel, Ebubekir, Özer, Göksel, İmren, Mustafa, Canhilal, Ramazan, Amer, Mohammed, and Dababat, Abdelfattah A.
- Subjects
- *
CODLING moth , *INSECT nematodes , *APPLE orchards , *LEPIDOPTERA , *TORTRICIDAE , *APPLE growing , *INSECT pests - Abstract
Simple Summary: The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a key pest in apple production. Controlling C. pomonella infestations with insecticides can be challenging, as it requires excessive insecticide use during the growing season. A survey of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) and their endosymbionts (ESs) in apple production orchards of Kayseri Province, one of the main apple production areas of Türkiye, was conducted to develop an alternative control strategy to chemicals. Both EPNs and ESs have been studied for their potential control of C. pomonella larvae. The results demonstrate that EPNs and their ESs can reduce larval infestations of C. pomonella. The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is one of the major pests in pome fruit production worldwide. Heavy treatment of the larvae of C. pomonella with insecticides triggered the development of resistance to many groups of insecticides. In addition, the increasing concern about the adverse effects of synthetic insecticides on human health and the environment has led to the development of sustainable and eco-friendly control practices for C. pomonella. The entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Steinernema and Heterorhabditis spp.) and their endosymbionts (Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp.) represent a newly emerging approach to controlling a wide range of insect pests. In the present study, field surveys were conducted in apple orchards to isolate and identify EPNs and their endosymbionts and evaluate their insecticidal efficacy on the larvae of C. pomonella. EPNs were isolated from 12 of 100 soil samples (12%). Seven samples were identified as Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev, 1934) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), whereas five samples were assigned to Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar, 1976) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae). The pathogenicity of the EPN species/isolates was screened on the last instar larvae of G. mellonella. The two most pathogenic isolates from each EPN species were tested against fifth instar larvae of C. pomonella under controlled conditions. The maximum mortality (100%) was achieved by all EPN species/isolates at a concentration of 100 IJs/larva 96 h after treatment. The endosymbionts of selected H. bacteriophora and S. feltiae species were identified as Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. kayaii and Xenorhabdus bovienii, respectively. The mortality rates ranged between 25 and 62% when the fifth larval instar larvae of C. pomonella were exposed to the treatment of cell-free supernatants of symbiotic bacteria. In essence, the present survey indicated that EPNs and their symbiotic bacteria have good potential for biological control of C. pomonella. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
144. Pathogenesis-related gene (PvPR1 and PvPR2) expression involved in Meloidogyne incognita parasitism and resistance reactions of common bean genotypes in host–nematode interactions.
- Author
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Bozbuga, Refik, Çiftçi, Vahdettin, Yeken, Mehmet Zahit, and Imren, Mustafa
- Subjects
- *
SOUTHERN root-knot nematode , *GENOTYPES , *COMMON bean , *GENE expression , *PARASITISM , *GENES - Abstract
Pathogenesis-related (PR) genes are useful molecular markers, and gene expressions are activated in the reaction of plant-parasitic nematodes. Determining the PR gene expression and the resistance reaction of Phaseolus vulgaris L. genotypes against root-knot nematode are valuable for understanding plant–nematode interactions. However, resistance reactions of P. vulgaris genotypes and the gene expression of host–nematode interactions are not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the expression of PR genes during the infection of Meloidogyne incognita on resistant and susceptible bean varieties at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days postinfection (dpi). The results revealed that one genotype gave a reaction as "immune", and numerous genotypes were susceptible. The expression of PvPR1 and PvPR2 genes reached the highest peak at 1 dpi in nematode-infected immune plants, and the expression of PvPR1 reached 5 dpi in susceptible plants. In conclusion, PR genes involved in nematode resistance and parasitism and the immune common bean genotype have great potential in breeding programs and understanding the exact location of resistance on the gene map would be advantageous as future work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
145. Identification and control potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in potato-growing areas of Turkey.
- Author
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Gümüş Askar, Arife, Yüksel, Ebubekir, Öcal, Atilla, Özer, Göksel, Kütük, Halil, Dababat, Abdelfattah, and İmren, Mustafa
- Subjects
- *
GREATER wax moth , *NOCTUIDAE , *LEPIDOPTERA , *STEINERNEMATIDAE , *HETERORHABDITIS , *RHABDITIDA , *INSECT nematodes , *LARVAE - Abstract
The black cutworm (BCW), Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the major pests of potato, and its outbreaks frequently occur in potato-growing areas of Turkey. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the families of Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae are known as an important biocontrol agent to many insects including BCW. In 2020 and 2021, surveys of EPNs were conducted in major potato-growing areas of seven provinces of Turkey, including Afyonkarahisar, Konya, İzmir, Sivas, Bolu, Kayseri, and Niğde, in the sake to find a new sustainable biological control option for BCW. Out of the 400 collected soil samples, 48 samples (12%) consisted of EPNs. Based on the morphological, morphometric, and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 34 isolates were identified as Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, 1934 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), 13 isolates as Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae), 1 one isolate as Oscheius tipulae Lam and Webster, 1971 (Rhabditida: Rhabditidae). The virulence of EPN isolates was assessed on the larvae of Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), and the most pathogenic isolates were further tested for their biocontrol potential against the 3rd/4th larval instar of BCW larvae at two concentrations of 50 and 100 IJs/cm2 under laboratory conditions. All selected isolates were highly effective against the larvae of BCW, and larval mortality ranged between 70 and 100% for both concentrations after 3 days of exposure time. The maximum mortality (100%) was achieved only by two isolates (H. bacteriophora AF-12 and S. feltiae KAY-4) at the higher concentration of 100 IJs/cm2. The results indicate that EPNs are abundantly present in potato-growing areas of Turkey and have the potential to be used in the biocontrol of BCW. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of Oscheius tipulae in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
146. Population fluctuations of root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. hapla under field conditions.
- Author
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Evlice, Emre, Toktay, Halil, Yatkın, Gökhan, Erdoğuş, Fatma Dolunay, and İmren, Mustafa
- Subjects
- *
ROOT-knot nematodes , *SOIL sampling , *NEMATODES , *PESTS , *CROP rotation , *RYE - Abstract
Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O'Bannon, Santo & Finley, 1980 and M. hapla Chitwood, 1949 are important pests of potato in Turkey. This study was conducted in three experimental areas where conventional agronomic practices have been done in Niğde (Center district) and Nevşehir (Center and Derinkuyu districts) provinces. Nematodes were extracted by modified Oostenbrink dish from soil samples taken from 0 to 30 cm depths every month between 2014 and 2017 to assess the population fluctuations of these root-knot nematodes under field conditions. The whole suspension was checked for Meloidogyne juveniles which were counted under an inverted microscope. Morphological and molecular identification results showed that two experimental areas were infested by M. chitwoodi while one experimental area (Derinkuyu) was infested with both M. chitwoodi and M. hapla. Our study showed that M. chitwoodi population level decreased during wheat cultivation and were maintained under rye cultivation, whereas M. chitwoodi and M. hapla population levels increased rapidly under potato and bean cultivation. It was found that M. chitwoodi population increased more when potatoes were planted, while M. hapla increased more in bean. The best sampling time for M. chitwoodi and M. hapla was observed to be right after harvest, when the population was highest, but both could be detected in soil samples even when the ambient temperature was below zero. These results demonstrated that farmers should be careful in their choice of rotational crop with potatoes in areas infested with M. chitwoodi and M. hapla. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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147. Determination of Resistance Levels of National Potato Cultivars and Clones Against Golden Cyst Nematode Pathotype Ro2/3 via Phenotypic and DNA Marker-Assisted Characterization.
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Avcı, Gülten Kaçar, Canhilal, Ramazan, Toktay, Halil, İmren, Mustafa, Ünlenen, Levent, and Pırlak, Uğur
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PLANT clones , *POTATOES , *GOLDEN nematode , *MOLECULAR cloning , *PHENOTYPES , *CULTIVARS , *SOYBEAN cyst nematode , *ARACHNOID cysts - Abstract
Potato (
Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of our important agricultural products, which is the main food source for people in Türkiye, as well as all over the world. There are many diseases and pests that reduce productivity in potato plant production. Potato cyst nematodes (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) are pests that are on the quarantine list of the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization and cause serious yield losses. Since they are soil-borne pathogens and there is no effective chemical control, the most successful control method is to use resistant cultivars. The aim of the study was to determine the resistance levels of local and national potato cultivars and clones developed by the Nigde Potato Research Institute against theGlobodera rostochiensis Ro2/3 pathotype using molecular marker analysis and biotesting methods. The biotest study was carried out by inoculating 7500 eggs and larvae of theGlobedera rostochiensis pathotype Ro2/3 into pots. In the molecular marker analysis, resistance was investigated with TG689, 57R, Gro1-4 markers. While all cultivars and clones except Bettina were grouped as sensitive in the biotesting study, theH1 resistance gene was detected in Onaran, Ünlenen, Leventbey, Muratbey, Nahita, Agria, Madeleine, Desiree and Bettina cultivars by molecular marker analysis.H1 andGro1-4 resistance genes were detected in the PAE 13–08-07, PAE 13–08-08 and PAE 13–08-14 clones used in the experiment. The results showed that clones developed by the Potato Research Institute exhibited highly resistant marker alleles for the Ro2/3 pathotype ofG. rostochiensis . The results of phenotyping study and the molecular marker study were not similar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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148. Buğday çeşitlerinin Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 ve Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae)’a karşı konukçu uygunluğu
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Nagihan Saday Duman, Göksel Özer, Abdelfattah A. Dababat, Mustafa Imren, BAİBÜ, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü, Duman, Nagihan, Özer, Göksel, and İmren, Mustafa
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Pratylenchidae ,Pratylenchus neglectus,Pratylenchus thornei,dayanıklılık,kök yara nematodu,buğday ,Fen ,biology ,Host (biology) ,Science ,Resistance ,Pratylenchus neglectus,Pratylenchus thornei,resistance,root lesion nematode,wheat ,biology.organism_classification ,Root Lesion Nematode ,Pratylenchus neglectus ,Horticulture ,Tylenchida ,Insect Science ,Wheat ,Pratylenchus Neglectus ,Pratylenchus Thornei ,Cultivar ,Pratylenchus thornei - Abstract
Root lesion nematodes (RLNs), Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 and Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) are important plant-parasitic nematodes that cause economic yield losses in wheat cropping systems worldwide. The use of resistant and tolerant cultivars is the most effective method to control these nematodes in wheat. There are currently no commercial wheat cultivars identified as completely resistant to the RLN species. The aim of this research was to evaluate 19 Turkish spring wheat cultivars for reaction to P. thornei and P. neglectus under in-vitro conditions over 16 weeks in 2019. In the result of the study, nine wheat cultivars (Adana99, Ata89, Bürküt, Cumhuriyet75, Gönen98, Marmara86, Meta2002, Troya and Uludağ) were found to have moderate resistance against P. thornei, whereas five wheat cultivars (Adana99, Alibey, Ata89, Ceyhan99 and Uludağ) were moderately resistant to P. neglectus. The study also showed that Adana99, Ata89 and Uludağ are resistant to both nematode species, and these cultivars, thus, are considered to be excellent sources of genes for further development RLN resistant commercial wheat cultivars., Kök yara nematodları (RLN), Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 ve Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) dünya genelinde buğday yetiştiriciliğinde ekonomik ürün kayıplarına neden olan önemli bitki paraziti nematodlarıdır. Dayanıklı ve tolerant çeşit kullanımı bu nematodlar ile mücadelede en etkin metot olarak bilinmektedir. Günümüzde, RLN türlerine karşı tamamen dayanıklı ticari herhangi bir çeşit yoktur. Bu çalışmada 19 adet yazlık buğday çeşidinin kontrollü koşullarda 16 hafta süreyle P. thornei ve P. neglectus’a karşı reaksiyonları 2019 yılında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Adana99, Ata89, Bürküt, Cumhuriyet75, Gönen98, Marmara86, Meta2002, Troya ve Uludağ’ın içinde olduğu dokuz buğday çeşidi P. thornei’ye karşı orta dayanıklı, buna karşın Adana99, Alibey, Ata89, Ceyhan99 ve Uludağ’ın içinde olduğu beş buğday çeşidi P. neglectus’a karşı orta dayanıklı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca çalışmada Adana99, Ata89 ve Uludağ'ın her iki nematod türüne dayanıklılık gösterdiği ve bu çeşitlerin RLN'e karşı dayanıklı ticari buğday çeşitleri geliştirmek için oldukça iyi dayanıklılık gen kaynakları olduğu düşünülmektedir.
- Published
- 2021
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149. Globodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber, 1923) Skarbilovich, 1959 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae)’in Türkiye popülasyonlarının tanımlanması, yaygınlık ve genetik çeşitliliği
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Emre Evlice, Ahmet Altaş, Göksel Özer, Mustafa Imren, Abdelfattah A. Dababat, BAİBÜ, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü, Özer, Göksel, and İmren, Mustafa
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Morphology ,İzmir ,Fen ,biology ,Globodera rostochiensis ,Science ,Filogenetik ,biology.organism_classification ,Globodera rostochiensis,ITS,İzmir,morphology,phylogeny ,Heteroderidae ,Molecular biology ,Tylenchida ,Insect Science ,Izmir ,Globodera rostochiensis,ITS,İzmir,morfoloji,filogenetik ,Globodera Rostochiensis ,ITS ,Morfoloji ,Phylogeny - Abstract
The golden nematode, Globodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber, 1923) Skarbilovich, 1959 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) is one of the most economically important pests of potato in the world. Tests for this nematode are routinely performed for outbreaks and densities in potato growing areas. The morphological and molecular analyses for precise determination of the nematode are employed to establish appropriate management strategies. This study showed that 96% of soil samples obtained from Bozdağ and Ödemiş Districts of İzmir Province, during 2017 and 2018 potato growing seasons, were positive for G. rostochiensis. The mean number of cysts ranged from 0.01 to 3.70 cysts g-1 soil in the fields examined. The examination of the morphological and morphometric features of the second-stage juveniles and cysts of the G. rostochiensis revealed slight differences among the populations obtained from Bozdağ and Ödemis. To assess the accuracy of the identification, partial sequences of ribosomal DNA for all populations were amplified, sequenced, and deposited in GenBank. The comparisons of the sequences with those of corresponding G. rostochiensis populations available in GenBank showed 99.89-100% nucleotide similarity. The results of this study will help to better understand the physiology, ecology and biology of the nematode to quarantine this pest more effectively., Altın nematod, Globodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber, 1923) Skarbilovich, 1959 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) dünyada ekonomik açıdan en önemli patates zararlılarından birisidir. Genellikle patates yetiştirilen alanlarındaki dağılımları ve yoğunluklarını belirlemek amacıyla bu nematod için rutin olarak testler gerçekleştirilmektedir. Morfolojik ve moleküler analizler bu nematodun kesin tanısını yapmak ve mücadele stratejilerini oluşturmak amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, İzmir İli’nin Bozdağ ve Ödemiş ilçelerinden 2017 ve 2018 yılları patates yetiştiriciliği sezonlarında alınan toprak örneklerinin %96'sının G. rostochiensis ile enfekte olduğunu göstermiştir. Bulaşık alanlardaki ortalama kist sayısı, 0.01 ila 3.70 kist g-1 toprak arasında değişmiştir. Globodera rostochiensis'in ikinci dönem larva ve kistlerinin morfolojik ve morfometrik karakterlerinin incelenmesi, Bozdağ ve Ödemiş’ten elde edilen popülasyonlarda arasındaki hafif farklılıkları ortaya koymuştur. Tanımlamanın doğruluğunu değerlendirmek için, tüm popülasyonlar için kısmi ribozomal DNA sekansları amplifiye edilmiş, sekanslanmış ve GenBank veritabanına kaydedilmiştir. Morfolojik ölçümler ve filogenetik analizler sonucunda Bozdağ ve Ödemiş'ten elde edilen popülasyonlar arasında küçük farklılıkların olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sekansların GenBank'ta mevcut karşılık gelen G. rostochiensis popülasyonlarıyla karşılaştırılması sonucunda nükleotid benzerliği %99.89-100 oranında görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, bu zararlıyı daha etkili bir şekilde karantinaya almak için nematodun fizyolojisini, ekolojisini ve biyolojisini daha iyi anlamaya yardımcı olacaktır.
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- 2020
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150. Kuzey Kıbrıs arpa ve buğday üretim alanlarında Akdeniz tahıl kist nematodu, Heterodera latipons Franklin, 1969 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae)’un tanımlanması ve genetik çeşitliliği
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Cem Karaca, Abdelfattah A. Dababat, Mustafa Imren, Adem Özarslandan, Göksel Özer, BAİBÜ, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü, İmren, Mustafa, and Özer, Göksel
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Genetic diversity ,Cereal cyst nematode ,biology ,food and beverages ,Heterodera Latipons ,Filogenetik ,biology.organism_classification ,Heteroderidae ,Crop ,Heterojenite ,Agronomy ,Tylenchida ,Insect Science ,Heterodera latipons ,Plant breeding ,Heterogeneity ,ITS ,Internal transcribed spacer ,Phylogeny - Abstract
WOS:000529950700012 The Mediterranean cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera latipons Franklin, 1969 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) is a destructive plant-parasitic nematode on cereal crops in particularly wheat and barley. It has a global distribution with a severe negative impact on yield quantity. In this study, a survey was conducted to identify plant-parasitic nematodes in cereal-growing areas in Cyprus. Forty-five samples including roots and soil from the root zone of plants were collected from cereal fields located in Gazimagusa, Gime, Guzelyurt and Lefkosa Provinces before crop harvesting from late-May and early-June in 2017. Cyst-forming nematodes were determined by Fenwick's flotation and decanting techniques from 37 soil samples (82%). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the ribosomal DNA of isolates were amplified and sequenced and subjected to a BLASTn search of the NCBI database for species identification, and the analyses showed that all samples were identified as H. latipons. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS sequences revealed that H. latipons isolates from Northern Cyprus were closely related to isolates obtained from Morocco, Russia, Syria and Turkey. Data of this study demonstrated for the first time the presence of H. latipons in the cereal fields of Gazimagusa, Gime, Guzelyurt and Lefkosa Provinces, where the nematode most likely causes serious economic problems in the cereal production. These results were the most up-to-dated analyses on the occurrence of H. latipons in cereal fields of Northern Cyprus and provided basic data for breeding programs to improve the resistant levels in the local cultivars. Akdeniz tahıl kist nematodu, Heterodera latipons Franklin, 1969 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) özellikle buğday ve arpada olmak üzere tahıllarda önemli zararlara neden olan bir bitki paraziti nematod olup, dünyada tahıl yetiştirilen alanların büyük çoğunluğunda tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Kıbrıs’ın tahıl alanlarındaki patojen nematodları belirlemek için bir sürvey yapılmıştır. Gazimağusa, Girne, Güzelyurt ve Lefkoşa tahıl üretim alanlarından toplam 45 adet toprak ve kök örneği 2017 yılının mayıs ayı sonu-haziran ayı başı arasında tahıl hasadı öncesinde alınmıştır. Toprak ve kök örneklerinden Fenwick yöntemii kullanılarak kistler toplanılmış, 37 adet örnekte (%82) kiste rastlanılmış olup, tüm örnekler ribozomal DNA’nın ITS bölgesi kullanılarak, tahıl kist nematodu H. latipons moleküler düzeyde tanımlanarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada Kuzey Kıbrıs arpa ve buğday alanlarından elde edilen H. latipons örneklerine ait ITS bölgesi sekans dizilerinin Fas, Rusya, Suriye ve Türkiye’den elde edilen izolatlara oldukça benzerlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Kuzey Kıbrıs'ın Gazimağusa, Girne, Güzelyurt ve Lefkoşa illeri tahıl alanlarında H. latipons'un ilk olarak tespit edildiği bu çalışma, nematodun yaygınlığını ortaya koyan ve zararlının mücadelesinde başta dayanıklı çeşit kullanımı olmak üzere diğer mücadele yöntemlerinin uygulanmasında temel oluşturacak verileri içermektedir.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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