Phytopathogenic nematodes associated with olive trees (Olea europaea L.) in North Africa: current status and management prospects.

The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a significantly important crop in an ecological, economic, and cultural manner, particularly in North Africa. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are dangerous soilborne pathogens, particularly in olive nurseries, contributing to annual economic and yield losses. However, the impact of these nematodes on olive orchards and nurseries has been documented in only a few countries. This review aims to provide (1) an update on the current status of PPNs associated with olive trees in North African countries (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya). (2) Reviewing their current diversity in different taxonomic levels and highlighting the frequencies of different taxa causing damage to olive trees, (3) describing their role as root and soil health bioindicators via potential affiliation with edaphic properties, and (4) listing current management strategies against PPNs in olives with a focus on integrated biocontrol methods. Dedicating more research topics to the nematode communities associated with olive trees is extremely important for assuring better management to reach cropping yield sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]