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Language Borders as Borders of Ethnic Identity Language Use and Ethnic Categorisation among Vlax Roma in Eastern Slovakia The thesis focuses on the topic of the relationship between language use and the process of ethnic categorization in one municipality in Eastern Slovakia. It presents an extensive case study based on eighteen years of field research among the inhabitants of the Vlach Roma settlement in the village called "Borovany ". The author uses a combination of socio-anthropological and sociolinguistic methods and explores the actors' perspective on the conceptualisation of group boundaries dividing the inhabitants of the village into the Vlach Roma (Vlašika Rom), Non- Vlach Roma (Rumungri) and Non-Roma (Gáže) and the role of language in the whole process. In the anthropological part of her research, the author studied the patterns of social organization within the studied village and analysed the symbolic categories that are relevant for the social space of the group of Vlašika Roma. She discusses the ways in which symbolic boundaries between "us" and "them" are formed and focuses on identifying the boundary markers that shape these symbolic boundaries. She concludes that it is the language that represents one of the most important pillars of the group identity of the Vlach Roma while...

The Bachelor thesis Roma in Pisek concentrates on the arrival of the first three Roma families from eastern Slovakia to Písek, who settled in Pisek permanently. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to describe the east Slovakian settlement from which the three families came, their post-war migration to the Czech Lands and their settling down in Písek.

This thesis is concentrated on the topic of the post-war migration of Roms from Slovakia to the Czech Lands as the crucial process in the post-war history of Roms on the territory of former Czechoslovakia which had its effects not only on individual groups of Roms living in Slovakia and migrating to the Czech Lands, but also on the next developments in the relations of the Czech majority society towards the Roms and changes in the approach to them on the side of central state institutions. The thesis offers a presentation of a complex historic case study of post-war migration of a particular local group of Roms from south- eastern Slovakia to the city of Brno (Moravia), based on a synthetic research method combining both oral history and written sources of mostly regional provenience. The author has applied the method in two different contexts: while reconstructing the developments in the situation of the group of Roms and their relations with the majority society in Slovakia during 1920' to 1970's, and while mapping the post-war migration of part of these people in relation to two localities in the Czech Lands, with one representing a transit locality of their early post-war migration and the other their final destination where this group of Roms lives still today. The author places the case study...

This thesis focuses on the manuscript entitled The Violin and the Horse, and pursues two approaches: one is based on the Romani studies, the other on the methods of the history science. Its aim is to verify historical facts contained in the manuscript. The main presumption of the thesis is the attribution of the text to Rudolf Daniel - the thesis verifies autobiographical data and its cultural and social context. The paper systematically concentrates on the figure of Rudolf Daniel (born 1911 in Oslavany - died in 1978 in Brno) and his biography (entirely unknown so far). The context of the manuscript The Violin and the Horse is framed by the post-war Roma ethno-emancipatory movement, and Rudolf Daniel is a newly discovered figure of its history. Keywords: the Roma, horse trade, the Holocaust, ethno-emancipatory movement, history of the Roma

Despite the fact there is a need to deal with marginalized groups within LGBT community, there are no comprehensive researches or studies which could provide sufficient information about Romany LGBT minority. In general we can say that the social discussion is only focused on the LGBT from the mainstream society and on seeing the differences between LGBT minority and mainstream society. Likewise it is in another countries. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide enough basic information about Romany LGBT community living in the Czech Republic. Also to be able to see the destinies of other people who are repeatedly keeping in touch with discrimination more deeply and to localise whether the relationship of Romany society is changing to the LGBT minority. Key words Roma : Homosexuality : Coming out : Ritual purity : Identity : Transsexuality : Punishment : Prostitution : Culture

BACHELOR THESIS Inka Jurková Music Club "Černá Perla" and Restaurant "Cikánská Jizba" as Two Examples of Roma Music (Re)Presentation Abstract: This thesis is based on ethnographic research of two venues - music club Černá perla and restaurant Cikánská jizba, where Romani musicians play on a regular basis. Their music production is described and explained in the framework of the concept of soundscapes, e.g. not only as a musical phenomenon, but also in the relation to listeners and in historical and local context. Key words: Roma, Romani/Romany music, Slaný, Český Krumlov, rompop, Černá perla, Cikánská jizba, Cindži Renta

Romani magazine publishing which has its origins in 1969 in the Czech Republic (a part of Czechoslovakia until 1992) is a hitherto little described phenomenon. This essay therefore pursues the birth and development of Romani magazine publishing in the context of the Romani ethno-emancipation process - focusing on the impact of its origins, especially on the periodicals established in the period between 1969-1991, and follows their progress until 1996. This study is based on the available specialized literature, selected Romani periodicals and interviews with Roma and non-Roma participants and witnesses of the events at that time. It provides a chronological history of the Romani population in our country from 1945 to 1991 - and monitors it with an emphasis on the conditions under which the Romani emancipation movement was being formed. This study also examines the circumstances which necessitated the formation of Romani magazine publishing. It then attempts to reconstruct the origin and development of selected Romani periodicals, giving their detailed description and summarizing their characteristics. In conclusion, the work deals with evaluation of the role and importance of Romani periodicals in the subsequent process of emancipation of Roma ethnicity, and finally it outlines the next possible...

SAMKO,Milan: Dialectological and sociolinguistic Aspects of Contact between two North - central Roma Language Subdialects in the Town of Jelšava [Doctoral thesis]/Mgr.Milan Samko-Charles University in Prague. Faculty of Philosophy & Art; Qualification level: doctor philosopiae (PhD.).- Prague:UK,2011.p.142 .+ appendix p.48. Doctoral thesis deals in with Roma language in the town of Jelšava. Subdialect of native Roma town citizens (hereinafter L1) and the subdialect of Roma citizens who moved in to the town of Jelšava (hereinafter L2). Goal of our paper is to present selected dialectological and sociolinguistic aspects of contact between L1 - L2. In pursuance of selected phenomenons we want to present contrastivity L1 - L2, lexical variation L1 - L2, extent and tenor of L1 ↔ L2 accommodation. We interpret and confront these within three generations of L1 and three generations of L2, aggregate for L1 and aggregate for L2. Our paper likes to observe the rate of change and evolutional tendencies in this area, from oldest L1 and L2 generation to youngest L1 and L2 generation. Young generation represents for us the indicator of evolutional tendencies and predictions for observation of these linguistic processes. The town of Jelšava is for us the only one known habitat in Slovak republic, where these...

The work follows certain aims. The first objective is to describe the activities of the Romani cimbalom band from Velká nad Veličkou, Horňácko region, from several views, according to the anthropological point of view. Delineated research is compared with theoretical models. Second main objective is to describe the social and cultural setting of the band and its members and its impacts on the proces of integration. After application on several general theories the conclusions are drawn.

Gipsy children represented fifty percent of all children living in foster homes during communism in the formal Czechoslovakia. Even though this number has declined nowadays it still cannot be considered as a significant improvement in relation to the Gipsy minority. In my thesis I am trying to describe the situations in which Gipsies, who came to czech territory from Slovakia after the WW2 found themselves in. These situations and their circumstances consequently led to the growing number of Gipsy children in substitute care. However the most importatnt question is, what the future will look like. Czech Republic has passed a law which should lead to a significant improvement in the system of substitue care as a whole. But it is not clear whether the results will fulfill the big expectations.

The Bachelor Thesis Roma Community of Vsetín is concerned with migration of the Roma from Slovakia to Vsetín after WWII. It is particularly focused on the first two waves of migration. The first wave of Roma migration from Western Slovakia and the City of Košice was spontaneous and its main motivation was to find a stable and paid employment. This migration took place within an extended time span from 1945 until late 1950s. The second immigration wave was more vigorous; Roma families from a settlement near the village of Bystrany, in the district of Spišská Nová Ves, were resettled following the Government decision no. 502/1965. The thesis is concerned with the ideological concept of dispersion and it discusses the reasons of its failure. The thesis also outlines further development of the Roma community in Vsetín. Apart from written sources and the material provided by the District Archive, the author worked withthe methods of oral history. The text is supplemented with testimonies of Roma narrators, which were modified minimally and which provide an insight into their view of the recent past. Keywords Roma Community, Gipsy Population, District of Vsetín, Village Bystrany, Migration, Oral History

Anotation Most available studies dedicated to the identity of Roms fail to give a sutisfactory reply to some questions given by the social reality. The reason why lies in the fact that they explore the Romany identity based on culture and culture border studies. This work based on the biographical research is mapping the identity of Roms from the point of view of the participants themselves and their experience. It is focused on factors playing an imortant role when creating and reproducing the Romany identity and when giving meanings to it by its bearers themselves. The work shows that even the absence of any shared culture and social relations in the frame of the broader community it is possible to consider an etnic Romany category since it is is presented as the category not only by the Roms themselves, but by the majority society, which has a real impact on everyday live of each individual who is classified as a Rom.

Summary: "Romani Accented Movies": Current situation of Romani Cinema and Its future Perspective The main theoretical approach that underpins this work is based on the concept of an accented cinema formulated by the Iranian film scholar Hamid Naficy. On the basis of his methodological tools the author examines some elements of the "accented style" as they assert themselves in the Roma cinema, and comes to the conclusion that already on a small sample of ten Romani filmmakers we can see certain components that are more or less common to all featured artists. Foremost there is shared existence in the "interspace", which is moreover in some aspects different from the exile or other diaspora filmmakers' "boundary" existence, given by the specific status of the Roma minority in society. Roma cinema is characterized by autobiographical approach and author's self-inscription into the story. From the production point of view these films are mostly alternative, low-budget or art-house ones. Romani cinema is most often supported by public broadcasters, subsidies from the state, nonprofit organizations or small production companies. Staffs are often formed on friendship or family ties, the filmmakers usually work with the similar team of people, hold multiple positions themselves and also are present at different...

This thesis designs theoretical model of newly established community as a solution of difficult situation of people in need. The model is described through several important levels (educational, economical, clerical, environmental and historically-symbolical level) and refers to best practices of foreign communities for different target groups as well as to author's questionnaire research among selected Christian churches in Czech republic. At the same time, the theoretical model is put through the critical reflextion based mainly on determining elements of Romani culture. As a result of analysis of the theoretical model, author finds, that there can exist several forms of the community, but the intended "ideal" model can be implemented just with the permanent support of churchmen, who would live in the community and who would systematically work with their inhabitants on their overall personal progress.

Submitted thesis deals with the deportations of Roma people in Transnistria during the World War II. Whole subject is put into larger historical context. After a brief introduction into history of Roma people and their arrival in Romanian territory, this work is applied to interwar period. A considerable part of this work is devoted to its main subject, the deportations of Roma people in Transnistria. To draw nearer to Czech readers, whole subject is put into necessary context of Romanian history. Supplements contain translations of historical documents and maps for better orientation in subject.

Bachelor thesis entitled The chosen Romani political activities in the Czech Republic since 1993 focuses on the involvement of Roma and Non - Roma political activists - leaders in the major events in the nineties. In the introduction, it incorporates the topic into historical context, where is mentioned for example the existence of Roma dissent. It also includes the political context of the majority based on the political science literature. Based on archival material, literature and interviews with Roma politicians - the activists, Romani movements and parties at that time are described. The central part of the work examines how Roma activists - politicians opposed to the various events in the nineties. For each year are selected up to three events based on reading the Roma press and interviews with Roma activists. These events include: Law on Citizenship, Migration, New concept of Roma integration.

This diploma thesis provides a historical overview of state's educational policy towards Roma. It describes different approaches from Maria Teresa's governance in 18th century until recent state (spring 2011). The thesis provides analysis of frequently discussed causes of Romani children lower school success and examines tools used to help with their disadvantages. The tools are shown on example of 4 schools in Ostrava. Finally, recommendations for enhancing success of Romani children in education are suggested in the thesis. Key words: Roma Romani children Education Socio-cultural disadvantaged children Educational policy Discrimination Special schools

In the years 1969 - 1973 the Roma organization called The Union of Gypsies-Roma formed a part of the National Front and Roma could partly contribute through this organization to the execution of the policy targeted against themselves. This study surveys the activities of The Union of Gypsies-Roma in the West Bohemian Region and reconstructs the work of its regional board and the affiliated economic facility Névodrom seated in Pilsen. It describes the operations of this organization in the residential and social-medical sphere as well as schooling, education, culture and sport, informs about its cooperation with state authorities and organizations united in the National Front. Based on the analysis of the documents relating to the activities of the Union in the West Bohemian Region the study unveils also some internal mechanisms of the organization as a whole (methods of the formation of the organizational structure, recruitment of the members). The concluding part of the work contributes to the knowledge concerning the dissolution of the Union and its consequences, provides a reflection of the significance of The Union of Gypsies - Roma by some of its representatives and it also briefly investigates the analogies of the activities of the Union and activities of Roma activists in the political and...

The work describes the character of phraseology of the so-called Slovak Romani in the selected literary texts and in the light of this description, tries to find answers to the basic problems of Romani phraseology. Special attention is paid primarily to the following fields: identification of phraseologisms, description of properties, categorization, problems with translation, and specification of the vitality of phraseologisms. The work is based on theoretical conclusions made by prominent Slovak and Czech linguists found in its first part. The second part of the work is dedicated to the classification and description of excerpted phraseologisms. Each phraseologism is fitted with the following information: meaning, examples of application, variants, synonyms, antonyms, and Slovak and Czech phraseological equivalents. The work tests how well-known and lively the phraseologies excerpted from literature are by comparing their frequency of occurrence in the language of native speakers and by questionnaire research found in the third part. The focal point of the work is represented by authentical examples of how each phraseologism is used both in literature and colloquial Romani. These later may be used for compilation of a phraseological dictionary.

This study deals with several aspects of the construction of Romani identity. It is focused on ways of the Romani identity construction and its bases. Romani identity is conceived as a relation of Roma to their neighboring Romani or non-Romani groups, which is based on the perception of socially significant cultural differences. The paper considers common cultural elements that serve as bases for construction of particular Romany identities, as well as concrete examples of Romani communities and their specific manners of romanipen construction. The study also deals with the relation between culture and ethnic identity and their variability in time. It answers the question, if due to changes in Romani culture the Romani identity disappears gradually or persists. By two interviews with young Roma living in Prague, the paper shows a current form of Romani identity within present urban society.

Submitted master thesis deals with the deportations of Roma people in Transnistria during the World War II. Whole subject is put into larger historical context. After a brief introduction into history of Roma people and their arrival in Romanian territory, this work is applied to interwar period. A considerable part of this work is devoted to its main subject, the deportations of Roma people in Transnistria. To draw nearer to Czech readers, whole subject is put into necessary context of Romanian history. Supplements contain translations of historical documents and maps for better orientation in subject.

This M.A. Thesis brings a survey about sexual sterlizations on Roma in the Czechoslovak area during the period from the first Czechoslovak Republic (1918 - 1939), over the Nazi's era (1939 - 1945), postwar and communist era (1945 - 1989) and post-communist era to the partition of the Czechoslovakia in 1993. Thesis also includes and discusses the process of investigation and admiting some sterilizations as illegal and refer to the role of the governmental and non-governmental institutions in this process.

The thesis introduces gathered Indian castes that are known as Doms. The Dom castes are considered to be the groups in where Roma originated. The thesis is a case study of particular localities of the North-Indian region Kumaon (Uttarakhand province). The thesis focuses on the daily life of local Dom groups, their position in the caste system, and also targets the professions they are performing. It further targets the practices performed during choosing the partner and also focuses on their religious ideas about the world around them. Finally it itroduces the parallels, that can be found between Doms and Roma.

The thesis "Ritual purity in Romani Communities" compares indian socio-cultural figures with romani ones and demonstrates that concept of ritual purity and pollution has probably its roots in indian caste system. The main marks of indian caste as well as closed romani community are: endogamy, specific group-profession, residential segregation, strick rules for contact and commensality with members of other groups, taboos relevant to some people, animals, things, parts of body and activities. The thesis describes control mechanisms such as romani tribunal or social control and talks about the process of Sanskritization. The author believes that all romani communities share awareness of potential ritual pollution hence it is possible to consider concept of ritual pollution to be a part of collective romani identity.

Anotation This paper deals with an analysis of biographical interviews with Roma survivors of Nazi persecution. The emphasis is put on different elements that may affect narrated life histories. It views memories from the initial remembering to their new contextualization throughout the life; it draws the attention to the narrative tradition of respondent's background as well as the final narration and its specific circumstances. The analysis is framed with the Czech compensation programs for victims of war injustice. The text points out to different perspectives of history adopted by state authorities on one side and those applying on "compensation" on the other. The paper also discusses mutual misunderstanding of different perspectives of the past, of an administrator/ historian and of an eye-witness.

This thesis represents an attempt to grasp the phenomenon of social exclusion of Roma into the majority society and its solution through social services. In this regard, the work was conceived with a focus on the most obvious and probably now the most urgent manifestation of social exclusion, namely the socially excluded localities. In an environment of socially excluded localities there is total segregation of the socially excluded, who own this will not help the situation, and therefore it is necessary in these locations to support the provision of social services through social work can contribute to social inclusion. Work also includes a description of subjects of social policy at the state, regions and municipalities and their influence on the aforementioned phenomenon. Analysis of medium-term plans for the development of social services of the six regions of the Czech Republic made an outline of the situation at the regional level, on whose territory the largest number of socially excluded Roma and analysis informs us about whether these regions have a burning problem of social exclusion of Roma and realize that they are interested in it through social services to address or not. The result of this work should therefore be mainly the possibility of forming an idea of how social policy actors (state,...

The thesis describes and evaluates important periods in the life of the Roma in the chosen territories of the Balkans and Asia Minor during the Byzantine and Ottoman Empire. The thesis describes status and sources of living of the Roma with emphasis on historical and social context of these Empires. There were analysed state, church and folklore sources of information and also papers of foreign travellers. 90 The first part of the thesis focuses on the period of Byzantine Empire and try to make obvious problematic points, when the Roma arrived at the given territory. The arrival of Roma at Anatolia and Balkans is usually dated to the 11th century, however newer theory about no-being of heretical sect Athinganoi evidences possibility, that Roma could already lived there few centuries earlier. Furthermore, this part concentrates on question of historical sources and appelatives of Roma or shows possible influence of Armenian and Greek to Romani language in the chosen territories. The thesis also discusses status and sources of living of the Roma in Byzantine society. The second part of the thesis is concentrated on Ottoman Empire, where Roma became part of new Muslim state. This part of thesis at first deals with tax laws and registers, which refer to Roma and describe reasons of Roma taxation. All Roma had...

The thesis is a basic description of the phonological system of the South Central Romani variety of Veľký Krtíš, which has not been analyzed so far. This variety was spoken in the south-eastern part of Slovakia. The thesis provides a description of the phoneme inventory, further of the major historical changes and synchronic development, influenced by romani dialects and majority languages contact. It is also devoted to the survey of phonetic realization of the phonemes.

Nápad napsat diplomovou práci o květušínské škole Míru vznikl po jedné z návštěv Muzea romské kultury1 v Brně. Zaměstnankyně knihovny mě zde upozornily na deníky a další materiály,2 které v letech 2005 a 2006 věnoval MRK pro badatelské účely první učitel a budovatel této školy a posléze dětského domova, PhDr. Miroslav Dědič. Začalo mi připadat zajímavé podívat se na květušínský "pedagogický experiment", jak ho sám M. Dědič nazývá3 , v kontextu primárních pramenů a vytvořit tak jakousi alternativu k tomu, jak byl aje interpretován později. Zaměřila jsem se proto na práci s deníky M. Dědiče a dobovými dokumenty uloženými v MRK, ale také s dalšími archivními dokumenty. Důležitou součástí práce jsou výpovědi těch, kterých se celý experiment nejvíce dotýkal- bývalých žáků květušínské školy. Ty jsou doplněné o výpovědi Miroslava Dědiče a Hany Librové (provdané Š.), sociální pracovnice která měla tehdy na starosti romské rodiny na celém okrese Český Krumlov a také o doplňková svědectví dalších respondentů. Kromě samotného popisu historických událostí jsem se zaměřila na jejich konfrontaci s tím, jak jsou později interpretovány a na to, jak byl květušínský experiment ve své době přijímán a jak je přijímán dnes. Kratší část práce je věnována také pokračování květušínské školy a dětského domova na Dobré Vodě u...

Je patrné, že prostredie, čas a ďalšie faktory mali výrazný dopad na to, v akom štádiu je súčasný stav používania sintštiny a uchovávania špecifických tradícií a zvykov. V dobe, keď sa zakladatelia rodiny usadili v lokalite, to znamená zhruba v štyriciatych rokoch minulého storočia, bola jazyková situácia v rodine na vysokej úrovni, sintština sa užívala každodenne. Na živosť jazyka mal pozitívny vplyv hlavne kočovný spôsob života, vďaka ktorému rodina nikdy nemala dostatok času sa asimilovať a plne osvojovať cudzí jazyk. Skutočnosť, že sintštinou dnes nehovorí plynule ani jeden člen rodiny žijúci v skúmanej lokalite, ovplyvňovali faktory, ktoré sa vzájomne prelínajú a je len ťažké odhadnúť, ktorý z nich mal na stratu spôsobilosti najväčší negatívny dopad. Zásadným zlomom v rodine bolo bezpochyby jej usadenie. Rodina, ktorá po celé generácie kočovala, 53 bola zrazu usadená na jednom mieste a nútená sa uživiť. Poľahčujúcou okolnosťou však bolo, že otec rodiny, Albert, sa podľa dostupných materiálov v lokalite narodil a počas kočovania sa tu niekoľkokrát s rodinou na pár dní zastavil. Po usadení museli čeliť novým situáciám, pri ktorých iná možnosť, než sa prispôbiť, príliš nebola. V dedine sa usadili v šeregu, v osade medzi slovenskými Rómami. A samozrejme prichádzali do styku omnoho častejšie s gádžami. Bolo...

The free time activity of romani children in socially exluded areas or socially endangered areas has high significance. The spending of leisure time of romani children embodies certain specifics that are related mainly to the traditional family values and the hiearchical structure of the romani community. The way of spending free time is also significantly affected by the living environment. The pivotal part of this work describes three localities inhabited by Roma. The emphasis is put on the way children spend their free time and what affects it. Are they visiting some courses? Do they have any toys? What are they interested in? With whom are they spending their leisure time? In which environment are they raised? In the first case a small village in the Czech Republic, where a community work had a succes, is described. An illustration of a work with romani children in the slovak countryside is shown in a case of a project realized by young people. The children in an urban environment are endangered by drugs and passive time spending more than the children elsewhere; thus a city district environment is also described in this work. The author concludes that it is important to base the work with the romani children endangered by social exclusion on their needs and wishes. It is also important to cooperate...

Práce je zaměřena na velmi zranitelnou skupinu Romů - děti vyrůstající v dětských domovech. Inspirací pro mě byla pedagogická práce s romskými dětmi, kontakt s pedagogy romských dětí a se sociálními pracovníky, kteří se s romskými dětmi a rodinami setkávají, pokud jsou v nepříznivé sociální situaci. Problematika souvisí s nynější diskusí o tom, zda Romové v Čechách a na Slovensku "mají etnickou identitu", potažmo zda je smysluplné podporovat romské etnoemancipační hnutí. Zaměření práce na etnickou identitu z hlediska jednotlivce, jeho psychický a osobnostní vývoj a pohodu vnímám jako doplnění diskusí na toto téma. Ty obvykle nepopisují, jak ten či onen teoretický pohled ovlivní psychiku jednotlivých lidí, pokud se prosadí v praktické rovině prostřednictvím státní politiky. Rozhodujícím podnětem pro mě bylo setkání se sociálními pracovnicemi, které se událo na vzdělávacím kurzu. Jednalo se o pracovnice z oddělení sociálně právní ochrany dětí, na jejichž popud těchto jsou děti do domovů soudním rozhodnutím umísťovány, a o pracovnice přímo z dětských domovů. Kurz se netýkal primárně dětí romských. Při rozhovoru o úloze sociálních pracovníků z oddělení sociálně právní ochrany dětí při městském úřadě v situaci, kdy jsou již děti umístěny do dětského domova, sdělila jedna z pracovnic svůj zážitek: romské dítě se...

Realita je unikátní, jakékoliv její zobrazení či popis není ničím víc než pouhým jejím obrazem, více či méně nepřesným. S trochou nadsázky se dá říci, kolik lidí na světě, nejméně tolik způsobů popisů reality. Mezi množstvím individuálních chápání existují však taková, jež jsou sdílená na obecnější úrovni. Takové verze světa vytváří masová média1, předkládají je publiku a vtahují ho do vlastního chápání skutečnosti (srov. Raichová, 2001). Kromě osobní empirie tak mají i média značný vliv na to, jak jednotlivec vnímá svět kolem sebe. Výběrem mediálních obsahů a způsobem nakládání s fakty nepřímo diktují obraz reality, jejím neustálým opakováním a neměnností úhlu pohledu vytvářejí pouhou její iluzi. V tématech, v nichž ve větší míře chybí individuální zkušenost, mají média obzvlášť silný vliv. Jednak se stávají těmi, kteří disponují mocí nad výběrem témat, a tudíž určují, o čem budou lidé přemýšlet, jednak mohou ovlivňovat samotný charakter obrazu reality, čímž nabízejí a omezují škálu interpretací.2 Právě v tomto bodě spatřuji úskalí práce s některými mediálními tématy a jejich zranitelnost, zvláště těch společensky citlivých, kam kromě jiného bezpochyby patří i Romové. Stávají se tak pasivními objekty mediálního a posléze společenského diskurzu, aniž by byl lidmi obecně chápán rozdíl mezi skutečností a...

The thesis describes and evaluates how the government acceded to an education of the Roma during the time of communism and after the year 1989. The thesis places emphasis on clarifying contemporary situation of education of the Roma. The first part of the thesis focuses on the period from 1945 till 1989. Education became an instrument of assimilation. The intention of communistic government was to eliminate romani language and culture. Education system did not reflect different ethnicity of romani children, who have not reached high-level of education. This part is for example concerned with so-called "gypsy" schools, analyses efforts of the government to involve romani children in school attendance and their results. The thesis also discusses reasons of failure in education of the Roma e.g. problems with tuitional language. Moreover, it cannot be leaving out a chapter about education of child in romani family. The second part of the thesis is concentrated on the situation after the year 1989. In spite of the political changes education system has not reflected romani children for a long time. A certain shift became between 1997-2000, when the government measures started to be used. This part of the thesis deals with the government measures, the conception of integration, educational law and other important...

Práce se zabývá náhradní péčí v rámci romské komunity, tj. případy, kdy romské dítě není umístěno do dětského domova ani do náhradní neromské rodiny (formou pěstounské péče či adopce), nýbrž zůstává v péči osob romského původu, velmi často svých příbuzných. Jejím cílem bylo ověřit hypotézu, že v romském prostředí dochází k převzetí výchovy dětí s naprostou samozřejmostí, že zde takový čin není považován za oběť a téma náhradní péče není tabuizováno či pokládáno za citlivé. Zároveň bylo cílem práce nastínit příčiny, průběh a důsledky takového aktu. Práce kromě metodologického a terminologického úvodu obsahuje 1) část teoretickou, jež se zabývá právní úpravou a trendy náhradní péče v minulosti a dnes a kontextem romského společenství, rodiny a historie, 2) stěžejní část praktickou, která je založena na rozboru čtyř konkrétních případů, kdy k osvojení dítěte v rámci romské komunity došlo. Celý text je doplněn také několika dalšími případy, získanými od jiných oslovených Romů, terénních pracovníků, z archivu nahrávek Semináře romistiky a z romské slovesnosti.

This thesis portrays a connection of some well known facts on the Roma holocaust, the communist policy of assimilation, the situation of the Roma in contemporary society and the Roma ethnic and emancipatory efforts with the post war history of the former concentration camp in Lety near Pisek (Lety u Pisku), meant for entire Roma families. It maps the availability of information on the persecution of Romas during the Second World War by both governmental figures as well as by society and the impact of the insufficient distribution, publishing and non availability of these facts which are a trend continuing till today. The past regime allowed the construction of pig sties next to (and partly on) land that during the Second World War was the area of a so called "gipsy camp", in which almost 300 people, half of whom were children died, as a result of inhumane treatment and extreme living conditions. The governments of the post communist era did not address the issue until it became a scandal shaming the entire democratic world. Ten years have passed since the government made its rhetorical pledges to right a wrong and remove the pork feeding and production unit off a site that should have been a place of piety and remembrance for the Roma victims of the holocaust and not much has changed. The selling price of...

This paper surveys the issue of the current contact between Czech and Romani, particularly the influence of Czech on Romani. The contact between the two languages has not lasted much longer than six decades, and so the Czech influence on Romani is not as heavy as it is in case of Hungarian and Slovak, the former contact languages of the variety we focus on, the North Central dialect of Romani. The paper is based on two recorded dialogues between the author and a native speaker of the dialect. The latter is a member of the second generation of Czech-born Roma, who has no or only limited contact with the previous contact language. The paper briefly summarizes the main sociolinguistic factors involved in the contact situation, both in a global and in a case-focused perspective. The core of the paper is an analysis of the boundary between fully adapted lexical borrowings on the one hand and (un-adapted) insertions of one- or multi-word Czech expressions into Romani on the other hand. Individual sections of the paper deal with topics such as gramatical words, discourse markers, institutional or cultural borrowings, tag switching, and multiple reasons for language alternation within a particular discourse.

The Roma living in the Czech Republic spent WWII. in the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia, in "Sudety", occupied by the Germany, in south Slovakia, occupied by the Hungary and in the Slovak Republic. From the first three regions the Roma were gradually deported to internment and concentration camps, in the Slovakia they had to face various suppressions like mass displacement from the villages, forced labour and finally they had to hide in the forests to protect themselves from Gestapo and Hlinka's guard. In the year 1998 the Czech Roma had the first opportunity to ask for the financial allowance for the suffered distress and torture. Swiss banks deposited 273 million CHF into a special fund, 88% out of this sum should have been divided to Jews and 12% to victims without Jewish origin. The fund did not accept any individual requests but cooperated with local organizations. In the Czech Republic it was first and foremost the League for the assistance to Roma war victims, which was founded by the Roma civic initiative in this purpose. The League set a list of about 3000 applicants, who met the requirement of the date of birth before 31st December 1944, who spent the war-time in the Czechoslovakia and who were able to prove they are socially needy. However, the Swiss fund did not presume so high number of Czech...

The paper describes verbal morphology in transitional dialect of romani from Krásnohorské Podhradie, Slovakia. The data for analysis were elicited. The dialect is compared with published descriptions of south-central and north-central romani for determination its dialectological classification.

My bachelor's thesis is a study of contemporary Romani musical texts. In particular, I focus on the thematic analysis of the texts, their compositional and linguistic style, as well as their function in present-day life. Romani song texts have always been one of the cultural attributes with which the cultural identity of Roma has been strengthened. The question I have posed is whether the texts of current songwriters still fulfill this function. I selected six Romani authors of song texts, who at the same time act as the musical interpreters of their own works. They are Mario Bihari, Jan Duzda, Marie Duzdova, Desiderius Duzda, Radoslav "Gipsy" Banga, and members of the band Gulo čar. They represent various musical genres and an age range between twenty-two and forty-four years. Original texts released on musical media after the year 2000 served as the material for the study. All of the analyzed texts, with their Czech translations, can be found in the appendix. In the chapter entitled "Thematic Analysis" I conclude that the most common themes in the analyzed texts have to do with human emotions, experiences and life events. Each author has a different manner of working with these motives. The following chapter, "The Language and Style of the Texts," considers the ways in which the themes are expressed. In...

Magické praktiky, nadpřirozeno a magie jsou pojmy, které jsou pro mnohé spojené s iracionalitou, "pověrami", pro něž není v západní civilizaci v dnešním 21. století místo. 21. století je v zemích Západu ovládáno racionalismem, mezi lidmi převládají materiální hodnoty a prosazuje se individualismus. Na druhé straně existuje na světě mnoho kultur, kde převládá silný vztah k tradicím, individualismus je zastíněn kolektivismem, role a status jednotlivce jsou určovány připsanými statusy, jako je pohlaví či věk. Hlavní podstatou není jednotlivec sám o sobě, ale důležité je zvláště jeho místo, které zastává v rodinném "žebříčku" a postavení, které zaujímá v komunitě. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Práce se tematicky zaměřuje na studium víry v duše zemřelých u Romů. Hlavními primárními daty jsou doposud publikované články a studie k tomuto tématu a rozhovory pořízené v rámci dlouhodobého terénního výzkumu. Teoreticky se práce zabývá důsledky uplatnění konkrétních metodologických přístupů na pojetí tradice na příkladu víry v muly - romské revenanty. K tomuto zpracování slouží teoreticky zaměřená sekundární pramenná literatura. V kapitolách 2. a 3. uvádíme metodologické přístupy a způsoby konceptualizace v etnografii a folkloristice a v kapitole 4. pak rozebíráme jejich užití a možnosti uplatnění v rámci romisticky zaměřených prací. Tato část práce tak zároveň slouží jako vymezení pole pro druhou část práce, ve které se věnujeme dalším pojetí tradice a kultury. Ve 2. kapitole podáváme krátký exkurz týkající se metodologického vytyčení etnografie a folkloristiky v českém kontextu. Přibližujeme zde základní koncepční předpoklady pro definování tradice a kultury v těchto disciplínách. V podkapitole 2.3. se zmiňujeme o možných úskalích v pojetích národnostně zaměřených oborů. V následující, 3. kapitole, analyzujeme výběr z dosavadní publikované literatury týkající se zvoleného tématu. Zvláštní pozornost věnujeme studiím o obyčejích a slovesné lidové tvorbě. V rozebíraných článcích sledujeme především to,...

Fenomén nových náboženských hnutí, mezi které patří i hnutí letniční, bývá spojován s moderní společností, její přílišnou racionalizací na jedné straně a negativními sociálními jevy doprovázejícími urbanizaci na straně druhé. Náboženství, které podle Starka a Bainbridrigeho funguje jako kompenzátor cílů, jejichž dosažení je teď a tady problematizováno, nabízí víru, že uspokojení bude dosaženo ve vzdálené budoucnosti nebo za nějakých odlišných podmínek, které nemohou být okamžitě nastoleni. Vznik nových hnutí pak podle těchto autorů favorizuje velká sociální a geografická mobilita dnešní pluralitní a kosmopolitní společnosti, která vede k zpřetrhávání (náboženských) pout a oslabování sociálních vazeb na konkrétní (náboženskou) skupinu, což umožňuje náboženské experimentování a inovaci. S ohledem na předcházející není tedy překvapivé, že tato hnutí mají velký úspěch především v prostředí sociálně slabých a vyloučených skupin obyvatel, neb jim přináší naději na lepší život v budoucnu - spásu - a pocit výlučnosti, byli vyvoleni, aby hlásali boží poselství. K těmto skupinám obyvatel patří i Romové žijící na území Francie. I když pro ně neplatí premisa velké sociální mobility - nesou některé rysy tradiční společnosti - přinejmenším trpí exkluzí a v případě usedlých Romů (kam patří i popisované komunity...

Cíl práce ne ní v popisu objektivního a všeobecného pohledu na romskou hudbu a její nositele. Celá stať je naopak koncipována velmi individuálně a subjektivně. Individuálně proto, že se jedná o monografii jednoho konkrétního romského hudebníka. (Zde se sama nabízí kontroverzní otázka, co je "romská hudba" a následně kdo je "romský muzikant". Tu však sama etnomuzikologie nijak nevymezuje a neklade jí žádné striktní pomyslné hranice.) Individuálně z toho důvodu, že v podstatě jediným zdrojem informací byl hudebník sám. Cílem práce není srovnávat či hodnotit jeho výpovědi zvnějšku. Jde o pohled emický. Proto se zde také vyskytují informace, kterým hudebník sám přikládá důležitost a nač se zaměřuje. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Slovo umění je jedním z nejdůležitějších termínů, chceme-li zkoumat vzájemné vztahy mezi kulturou a společností. Umění je také jedním z prostředků utváření lidské identity. Pro menšiny jakéhokoliv zaměření se stává velmi podstatnou součástí života - na jedné straně je prostředkem k osobní reflexi kultury daného společenství a k její manifestaci před veřejností, na straně druhé může přispívat k dezinterpretaci a podporovat vžité stereotypy. Zdá se, že ze všech druhů umění je v tomto ohledu "nejnebezpečnější" právě film. Film se ze všech umění nejvíce může přiblížit realitě, a tím ji také nejsnáze zkreslit. Na rozdíl od jiných umění film nabízí další rozměr - nejedná se již jen o naše představy. Svět, který zobrazuje, je plně vykreslen, a tato schopnost usnadňuje manipulaci s recipientem. Zatímco autor knihy o Romech nás jednoduše zavede do romského prostředí a my se sžijeme s myšlenkou, že hlavní představitelé jsou Romové, v případě filmu se vynořují ještě další otázky, jako například, kde byl film natáčen a jsou-li herci skuteční Romové. Všechny tyto zdánlivé detaily nesmírně ovlivňují celý diskurz o daném filmu, o kinematografii zabývající se menšinami, a konečně přispívají i k diskusi o minoritách vůbec. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Napsat bakalářskou práci na téma poválečné migrace Romů do českých zemí mi navrhla paní doc. Milena Hübschmannová, Csc. při svých přednáškách o historii Romů. Když mluvila o válce a poválečné historii, několikrát vyslovila přání, aby někdo zachycením a analýzou vzpomínek pamětníků - tedy za pomoci využití metody orální historie - zpracoval tento úsek historie podrobněji. Aby tím, že popíše detaily ze života lidí, kterých se poválečný přesun do českých zemí týkal, umožnil člověku, žijícímu v dnešní době, alespoň částečně pochopit motivy tehdejších migrantů a jejich příčiny. Proto se ve své práci vedle zkoumání odborné literatury, na jejímž základě je formulována obecná teoretická část, zaměřuji především na rozhovory s pamětníky a práci s dobovými dokumenty. Rozhovory s pamětníky umožňují popsat, jak migrace probíhala v rámci jednotlivých rodin a rodů a jak ji vnímali samotní Romové. Dobové dokumenty zase umožňují získat informace o tom, jak k romským pracovníkům přistupovaly jednotlivé průmyslové a zemědělské podniky a jaký pro ně měli Romové význam. Mým cílem je poukázat v případové studii1 Rokycan na to, že mnoho Romů přišlo po válce do českých zemí na základě výzev v médiích nebo bylo do jednotlivých podniků přímo nabráno náboráři, a že poválečná romská migrace nebyla pouze "spontánní" a "hromadná" 2,...