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Drugi svjetski rat označio je prekretnicu modernog čovječanstva. Dolazi do zaokreta na međunarodnoj političkoj sceni gdje su glavnu riječ preuzele države poput SAD-a i Sovjetskog Saveza. Iako su ove dvije velesile iz rata izašle kao saveznice, ubrzo su postale suprotstavljeni akteri nove globalne borbe u kojoj se stvaraju dva suprotstavljena bloka – zapadni i istočni. Dolazi do stvaranja sigurnosnih saveza na obje strane, NATO-a kao predstavnika zapadnog bloka te Varšavskog ugovora kao predstavnika istočnog bloka. Analogno s raspadom Sovjetskog Saveza, prestaje postojati i Varšavski ugovor a NATO ostaje najjači međunarodni vojno-sigurnosni savez. Nestankom Sovjetskog Saveza svrha i uloga NATO-a postala je upitna. Bila je nužna transformacija prirode NATO sveza kako bi se Savez prilagodio novim sigurnosnim izazovima i ugrozama. Jedna od značajki modernog NATO-a bilo je širenje Saveza na istok, tj. postupno uključivanje država bivšeg istočnog bloka u NATO. Širenje NATO-a nije zaobišlo ni područje jugoistočne Europe a time i Hrvatsku, kojoj je ulazak u NATO bio jedan od glavnih vanjskopolitičkih i sigurnosnih ciljeva nakon osamostaljenja i Domovinskog rata. Ulaskom RH u NATO bilo je jasno da će domaće oružane snage dobiti vjetar u leđa po pitanju modernizacije i razvoja novih sposobnosti. Upravo je potonji faktor i središte ovog diplomskog rada. Problem istraživanja ovog rada odnosi se na nejasan pregled ostvarenih sposobnosti unutar OSRH koje NATO savez nastoji razviti kod svake svoje države članice. Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi koje su sposobnosti, koje je RH dogovorila s NATO Savezom, ostvarene unutar OSRH te istražiti glavne oblike modernizacije koje su domaće oružane snage ostvarile ulaskom u NATO savez. Analizom domaćih i stranih strateških dokumenata te korištenjem znanstvene i stručne literature, rad donosi zaključak prema kojem je dio sposobnosti koje su navedene u hrvatskim strateškim dokumentima, od kojih neke propisuje i NATO svakoj svojoj državi članici, razvijen dok je dio navedenih sposobnosti i dalje neostvaren. Iz ovog diplomskog rada vidljivo je da je ulazak RH u NATO savez imao pozitivan učinak na razvoj i modernizaciju OSRH ali da su neke ključne sposobnosti izostale te da realna slika razvijenih sposobnosti OSRH nije u potpunosti identična sposobnostima navedenim u strateškim dokumentima., World War II marked a turning point in modern humanity. It was a turn in the international political scene where countries like the United States and the Soviet Union have taken the lead. Although these two superpowers emerged from the war as allies, they soon became opposing actors in a new global struggle in which two opposing blocs were formed - the West and the East. There was the creation of security alliances on both sides, NATO as a representative of the Western bloc and the Warsaw Pact as a representative of the Eastern bloc. Analogous to the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Warsaw Pact ceases to exist and NATO remains the strongest international military-security alliance. With the disappearance of the Soviet Union, the purpose and role of NATO became questionable. A transformation of the nature of NATO was necessary in order for the Alliance to adapt to new security challenges and threats. One of the features of modern NATO was the expansion of the Alliance to the east, ie the gradual inclusion of the countries of the former Eastern bloc in NATO. NATO enlargement has not bypassed the area of Southeast Europe and thus Croatia, for which joining NATO was one of the main foreign policy and security goals after independence and the Homeland War. With the accession of the Republic of Croatia to NATO, it was clear that the domestic armed forces would get the wind in their backs in terms of modernization and development of new capabilities. It is the latter factor that is the center of this thesis. The research problem of this paper refers to a vague overview of the capabilities achieved within the Croatian Armed Forces (CAF) that NATO seeks to develop in each of its member states. The aim of this research is to determine which capabilities, which the Republic of Croatia has agreed with the NATO Alliance, have been achieved within the CAF and to investigate the main forms of modernization that the domestic armed forces have achieved by joining the NATO Alliance. By analyzing domestic and foreign strategic documents and using scientific and professional literature, the paper concludes that some of the capabilities listed in Croatian strategic documents, some of which are prescribed by NATO to each member state, have been developed while some of these capabilities are still unrealized. It is evident from this thesis that Croatia's accession to NATO had a positive effect on the development and modernization of the CAF, but that some key capabilities were missing and that the real picture of developed CAF capabilities is not completely identical to the capabilities listed in strategic documents.

Svrha je rada opisati obilježja ciljeva hrvatske sigurnosne politike kako bi se odredilo u kojoj se mjeri transformiraju u skladu sa suvremenim trendovima. Rad kombinira teoriju javnih politika i sigurnosne studije. Istraživanje je utemeljeno na kvalitativnoj analizi sadržaja pet strateških dokumenata hrvatske vlasti putem kategorija koje se odnose na tematsku dimenziju ciljeva, ali i na njihovu općenitost, razinu na koju se usmjeravaju, prioritet te tip razumijevanja sigurnosti koji ih karakterizira. Glavni je nalaz rada da su ciljevi hrvatske sigurnosne politike vrlo raznoliki te da njihova raznovrsnost tijekom vremena raste. Na temelju nalaza može se istaknuti da hrvatska sigurnosna politika ima višesektorski i višerazinski pristup, barem prema ciljevima, te je time u skladu sa suvremenim trendovima. No nalazi pokazuju i da je hrvatska sigurnosna politika u aspektu svojih ciljeva loše operacionalizirana, da je obilježena niskom kvalitetom javnopolitičkog dizajna, što je prepreka u implementaciji višesektorskog karaktera hrvatske sigurnosne politike., The purpose of this paper is to describe the features of Croatian security policy goals to determine to what extent they are being transformed in accordance with global trends. To this end, the paper combines ideas and insights from international relations and security studies with public policy theory, which is a very rare approach globally as well as in Croatia. The paper elaborates on the main concepts which are being utilised: diverse understandings of the concept of security, the definition of vital national interests, and what constitutes policy design and policy goals as the main design element. The empirical part of the research is based on a qualitative content analysis of five strategic Croatian government documents. Coding is structured on categories related to the topic of the goals, but also to the level of their abstraction, orientation, prioritisation, and the understanding of security they incorporate. The main finding of the paper is that Croatian security policy goals are very diverse and that their diversity continues to grow over time. Based on the findings, it can be said that the Croatian security policy has a multisectoral and multilevel approach, at least with reference to its goals, and is thus fully in line with global trends. However, the findings also indicate that Croatian security policy goals are being very poorly operationalised, i.e., that the policy is marked by a low quality of design, which is an obstacle for the implementation of its multisectoral character.

Rodno osvještavanje politika, kao primjena rodne vizure pri stvaranju svih javnih politika, danas je neizostavan pristup u rješavanju problema rodne nejednakosti. Prema tome načelu, pitanja roda i rodnih odnosa trebaju se uzeti u obzir neovisno o resoru i o fazi procesa odlučivanja. Na temelju kvalitativne analize sadržaja hrvatskih strateških dokumenata rad preispituje do koje je mjere rodno osvještavanje politika prisutno u hrvatskim javnim politikama. Analiza je usmjerena na ciljeve javnih politika, kao početno mjesto inoviranja dizajna svakog resora, te je utemeljena na dvjema razinama rodno osviještene politike: supstantivnoj (sektorski i vrijednosno orijentirani ciljevi) te proceduralnoj politici (evaluacijski, procesni i instrumentalno orijentirani ciljevi). Nalazi istraživanja pokazuju vrlo poražavajuće rezultate – u Hrvatskoj nije prisutan čak ni birokratski tip rodnog osvještavanja politika., Gender mainstreaming, understood as the application of gender perspective in the creation of all public policies, is an indispensable approach in solving the problem of gender inequality today. According to this principle, issues of gender and gender relations should be considered in all policy matters, regardless of the policy sector or of the phase in the decision-making process. Based on a qualitative content analysis of Croatian strategic documents, this paper offers a detailed account of gender mainstreaming elements in order to explore the scope of the presence of gender mainstreaming in Croatian public policies. Indirectly this approach examines the extent to which fundamental constitutional values in Croatia are only declaratively determined and whether coherence is achieved in the creation of various Croatian public policies. This paper is a comparison of four sectors, that is four strategic documents, related to the issues of employment, education, protection from domestic violence, and gender equality. The analysis is focused on public policy goals, which are starting points for design innovation of any sector, and is built around two levels of gender mainstreaming: substantive (sectoral and value-oriented goals) and procedural policies (evaluation, process, and instrument-oriented goals). The findings of the research show devastating results—gender mainstreaming is applied scarcely. A few more matchings of goals that can be associated with substantive rather than procedural gender mainstreaming was detected. However, it is a minimal number of goals that are not supported by procedural aspects. It can therefore be concluded that the offered content of gender mainstreaming is both rudimentary and declarative. The paucity of procedural and technical aspects speaks in favour of the fact that not only has the transformational type of gender mainstreaming not taken root in Croatia, but not even a bureaucratic type of gender mainstreaming is present.

Achieving significant advances in the field of technologies, like information and communication technology, is one of the issues that has been emphasized on in strategic documents, especially the documents of the vision of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1404. Comprehensive categorizing of the strategic issues of information technology in the national and international scale is a procedure that can provide decision-makers and policy-makers a suitable view. On the one hand, this kind of information representation causes a better definition and understanding in this area, and on the other hand, gives the policy-makers a general picture on the subject being studied. The purpose of this research is to achieve conceptual framework of the strategic issues according to strategic documentation published by countries. For this, 11‌4 strategic documents of information technology have been organized and analyzed by employing analyzing qualitative content method and inductive approach. The findings of this research encompasses more than 900 IT strategic issues that are in 16 main categories: e-commerce, e-organization, e-government, e-health, e-learning, other practical areas, cyberspace, information and digital content, human resources, ICT industry, information and knowledge society, infrastructure, laws, rules, procedures, information and communication technology reform, research and development and telecommunications. This article results in a comprehensive and overall look in the field of IT strategies.

This bachelor thesis with the theme 'Strategic and Financial Instruments for the Support of Regional Development' explains regional policy on a transnational level, in this case from the point of the European Union, its goals, strategic documents, the future visions of regional policy and connections with the regional policy of the Czech Republic, which is described in detail too. The main focus of this thesis is the instruments of regional policy of the European Union and the Czech Republic which contribute to the regional development of the country. The practical part of this bachelor thesis analyses the specific Strategic Plan of Development of the town of Týn nad Vltavou and the financing of realized projects between the years 2016-2022. The strategic document was obtained from the official website of Týn nad Vltavou and another source are interviews with the town's representatives, which is helping with evaluating the use of financial instruments of regional policy of the town.

Данная работа посвящена исследованию мониторинга социально-экономического развития регионов и разработке нормативно-правового акта, регламентирующего его инструменты. Задачи, которые решались в Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ исследования: 1. Изучение социально-экономического мониторинга в целом и его инструментов. 2. Анализ нормативно-правовой базы в сфере мониторинга социально-экономического развития регионов (Приморского края в частности). 3. Выявление проблем в сфере мониторинга социально-экономического развития Приморского края. 4. Анализ проблематики. 5. Решение одной из проблем путем составления проекта нормативно-правового акта. Одна часть работы проведена на базе Правительства Приморского края и Министерства экономического развития Приморского края, где собиралась информация и некоторые данные. Другая часть работы проводилась на базе Высшей инженерно-экономической школы Института промышленного менеджмента, экономики и торговли СПбПУ (работа с электронными ресурсами и библиотекой СПбПУ). Часть анализа проводилась с использованием метода МАИ и Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ IDEF0. В результате был проанализирован мониторинг социально-экономического развития Приморского края и его инструменты. Выявлен ряд проблем и предложены решения. На основании анализа был разработан проект нормативно-правового акта, регламентирующий сферу мониторинга социально-экономического развития Приморского края и его инструментов., This work is devoted to the study of monitoring the socio-economic development of regions and the development of a normative legal act regulating its instruments. The tasks that were solved in the course of the study: 1. Study of socio-economic monitoring in general and its tools. 2. Analysis of the regulatory framework in the field of monitoring the socio-economic development of regions (Primorsky Region in particular). 3. Identification of problems in the field of monitoring the socio-economic development of the Primorsky Region. 4. Analysis of the problematic. 5. Solving one of the problems by drawing up a draft normative legal act. One part of the work was carried out on the basis of the Government of the Primorsky Region and the Ministry of Economic Development of the Primorsky Region, where information and some data were collected. Another part of the work was carried out on the basis of the Higher School of Engineering and Economics of the Institute of Industrial Management, Economics and Trade of SPbPU (work with electronic resources and the SPbPU’s library). Part of the analysis was carried out using the MAI method and IDEF0 technology. As a result, the monitoring of the socio-economic development of the Primorsky Region and its tools were analyzed. A number of problems are identified and solutions are proposed. Based on the analysis, a draft normative legal act was developed that regulates the scope of monitoring the social and economic development of the Primorsky Region and its instruments.

Upravljanje regionalnim i lokalnim razvojem u Republici Hrvatskoj potrebno je temeljiti na sveobuhvatnom sustavu strateškog planiranja i upravljanja razvojem, povezanim s nacionalnom razinom, ali i sa smjernicama na razini Europske unije (EU). Navedeno je također (dijelom) preduvjet za korištenje sredstava iz EU fondova. Osim prilagodbe na novi sustav upravljanja razvojem, u izradi i provedbi strateških dokumenata javljaju se ograničenja koja je potrebno detaljnije istražiti. U radu se prikazuje važnost kreiranja kvalitetnih strateških dokumenata na lokalnoj razini, koji predstavljaju temelj učinkovitog upravljanja razvojem i uspješnog iskorištavanja sredstava iz EU fondova, a pobliže se istražuju ograničenja prilikom njihove izrade. Nakon uvodnog dijela u kojem se definiraju problem istraživanja, svrha i cilj, korištene metode i struktura rada, slijedi prikaz teorijskih i praktičnih osnova regionalnog i lokalnog razvoja, politike regionalnog i lokalnog razvoja Republike Hrvatske i upravljanja razvojem kroz fondove EU-a. U radu se zatim obrazlaže teorijski pristup i praksa strateškog planiranja u EU-u i Republici Hrvatskoj, definiraju se pojmovi važni za izradu strateških dokumenata te se opisuju strateški dokumenti u EU-u i Hrvatskoj. U zasebnom dijelu rada prikazuje se zakonodavni okvir bitan za izradu strateških dokumenata, sustav dokumenata strateškog planiranja i institucionalni okvir te se analiziraju sustavi praćenja i izvještavanja. Nakon postavljenog okvira za analizu strateških dokumenata temeljem odabranih kriterija vrednovanja, slijede rezultati analize strateških dokumenata na primjeru Istarske županije te rezultati i zaključci detaljnijeg istraživanja ograničavajućih čimbenika u izradi strateških dokumenata, u okviru kojeg je proveden i intervju s odabranim predstavnicima općina i gradova u Istarskoj županiji. Nedostatak financijskih sredstava za izradu dokumenata, nedostatak svijesti o važnosti strateških dokumenata, preširoko definirani prioriteti u dokumentima na višim razinama, dugi procesi za realizaciju, nedovoljno uključivanje dionika u izradu dokumenata, neodgovarajuća znanja i vještine dionika koji sudjeluju u izradi, nedovoljna osposobljenost djelatnika jedinica lokalne samouprave za pripremu, izradu i provedbu razvojnih strategija, nepoštivanje vremenskih rokova, nejasno definirani izvori sredstava za financiranje razvojnih aktivnosti i neusklađenost razvojnih dokumenata, predstavljaju potvrđene ograničavajuće čimbenike koji utječu na izradu strateških dokumenata, a kasnije na njihovu implementaciju i povlačenje sredstava iz EU fondova. Na temelju provedenog istraživanja predložene su smjernice za izradu strateških dokumenata u idućem programskom razdoblju za općinu Grožnjan- Grisignana, kako bi provedbena svrha dokumenata bila što bolje ostvarena. Temeljem primjene sličnih istraživanja i pristupa pozitivni pomaci mogu se očekivati u unaprjeđenju kvalitete provedbe svih faza procesa strateškog planiranja (izrade, provedbe, praćenja, izvješćivanja i vrednovanja provedbe dokumenata strateškog planiranja te pripreme i provedbe razvojnih projekata), a time u konačnici i u sustavnom i cjelovitom pristupu u upravljanju razvojem Republike Hrvatske. In the Republic of Croatia it is necessary to manage regional and local development based on a comprehensive system of strategic planning and development management, in connection both with national level and the guidelines of the European Union (EU). This is also a (partial) precondition to the use of EU funds. Apart from the need and the challenge of adapting to a new system of managing development, there exist different constraints noted in the creation and the implementation of strategic documents that should be further studied. This study demonstrates the importance of creating quality strategic documents on a local level, which provide the basis for successful development management and the absorption of EU funds, including a thorough research of creation constraints. After the introductory part, defining the topic of the research, its purpose and goals, as well as methods and structure of the thesis, the study provides the description of theoretical and practical bases for regional and local development, the policy of regional and local development of the Republic of Croatia as well as development management in the context of EU funds. Separate chapter explains the theoretical approach and the practice of strategic planning in the EU and the Republic of Croatia, defines the terms important for the development of strategic documents, and strategic documents in the EU and Croatia. The thesis further describes the legislative framework for the development of strategic documents, the system of strategic planning and institutional framework, as well as the analysis of monitoring and reporting system. After setting the framework for the analysis of strategic documents, according to chosen evaluation criteria, the results of the analysis of strategic documents in the example of the Istria County are presented alongside the results of a detailed investigation of the constraints/limiting factors in the development of strategic documents. This part also includes the results of the interviews conducted with the representatives of the chosen municipalities and cities in the Istria County. The lack of financial resources needed to create the documents, the lack of awareness of the importance of strategic documents, extensively defined priorities in higher-level documents, long realisation processes, inadequate inclusion of the participants during the preparation of the documents, the lack of knowledge and skills among the participants, inadequate qualifications for the preparation, creation and implementation of the development strategies within local self-government units, missing the deadlines, vaguely defined financing resources of the development activities and the discrepancy between development documents, represent the confirmed constraints in this study, which influence the creation and the implementation of strategic documents, as well as the absorption of EU funds. Based on the performed analysis, the thesis presents the guidelines for the creation of strategic documents in the next programming period in the Grožnjan-Grisignana Municipality, in order to improve the implementing purpose of strategic documents. Positive effects can be expected with the application of similar investigations and approaches, in the attempt to improve different phases of the strategic planning process (creation, implementation, monitoring, reporting and evaluation of strategic documents, as well as preparation and implementation of development projects). This can also contribute to achieving systematic and integral development management in the Republic of Croatia.

The purpose of the research: to determine the content of regional governance concept and its change in Lithuanian strategic documents. Regional governance is a relatively new phenomenon in both academic and practical public administration activities; therefore the use of this concept is not well-established and causes a lot of debate. Foreign authors who have analysed the concept of regional governance have divided it in three dimensions: • Theoretical, where regional governance is turned into object of research; • Empirical, which includes the practice of public administration processes in the region, public and private sector cooperation, in order to improve policy implementation in the region; • Instrumental, when regional governance becomes an instrument for achieving sustainable development goals and developing participatory governance. The study revealed that regional governance in analysed strategic documents is usually understood as an instrument for implementing principles of sustainable development and participatory governance aimed at increasing social and economic cohesion of the regions and the formation of a positive image. In the course of the research it was noticed that in some of the analysed documents regional governance is understood in two ways: both as an instrument and as an empirical phenomenon. The documents emphasize the need for sustainable regional development and the involvement of citizens in the decision-making process, which turns regional governance into an instrument; however, a need to transfer the functions of central government to local authorities also arises, thus regional governance is brought closer to the interpretation of the empirical phenomenon. Creation and development of a network system is typical in regional governance that is understood as an instrument. Based on the data of the research, it can be stated that the content of regional governance remains similar in all analysed documents.

Kokybės samprata daugiareikšmė ir vis dar kuriama, įvairūs tyrimai skirtingose mokslo kryptyse praplečia jos analizės parametrus ir atveria erdvę naujoms įžvalgoms. Pastaruoju metu išryškinta kokybės aukštojo mokslo institucijose tyrimų linija (aktuali straipsnyje taikomoms institucionalizavimo ir perkėlimo prieigoms) susieja kokybės tematiką su aukštojo mokslo institucijų kaitos raiška. Moksliniame diskurse išryškintas socialinių dalininkų vaidmuo kokybės užtikrinimo sistemoje siejamas su sisteminiais procedūriniais mechanizmais – tyrimuose analizuojama, kokiais būdais socialiniai dalininkai yra įtraukiami į aukštojo mokslo institucijos vadybos procesus, kaip plėtojami ryšiai. Mokslinėje literatūroje išryškinamos kokybės kaip keliaujančios idėjos tyrimo prielaidos, tačiau nėra tyrinėtas kokybės kaip idėjos taikomasis perkėlimas (angl. translation) į aukštojo mokslo institucijos kontekstą. Strateginiuose dokumentuose fiksuojamos kokybės kaip idėjos reikšmės ir aukštosios mokyklos veiklos kokybės vertinimo rodikliai įgalina kokybės kaip idėjos perkėlimą į aukštojo mokslo institucijos kontekstą. Socialinių dalininkų interesų raiška veiklos rodikliuose – kokybės kaip idėjos taikomojo perkėlimo į institucinį kontekstą rezultatas. Socialinių dalininkų požiūriai į aukštąjį mokslą skiriasi, todėl kokybė kaip idėja ir jos taikomasis perkėlimas aukštojo mokslo institucijose vertinamas skirtingais veiklos rodikliais. Rodiklių visumos vertinimas tampa pagrindu, kuriuo remiantis socialiniai dalininkai išreiškia poziciją apie kokybę aukštojo mokslo institucijoje. Šio straipsnio tikslas – ištirti kokybės kaip idėjos raišką aukštojo mokslo institucijų strateginiuose dokumentuose. Siekiant šio tikslo straipsnyje analizuojama kokybės samprata aukštajame moksle pasitelkiant skandinaviškojo institucionalizmo teorinę prieigą, apibūdinamas kokybės kaip idėjos taikomasis perkėlimas į aukštojo mokslo institucijos kontekstą, taip pat tiriami Latvijos ir Lietuvos universitetų strateginiuose planuose suformuluoti kokybės indikatoriai, atspindintys skirtingus socialinių dalininkų interesus. The concept of quality is ambiguous and still under development – various studies in different fields of science expand the parameters of its analysis and open up a space for new insights. Recently, the researches in quality in higher education discuss quality issues in the context of changes that occur in the field of higher education. The role of the stakeholders in the quality assurance system could be linked to systemic procedural mechanisms – ways in which stakeholders are involved, how relationships among stakeholders and higher education institutions are developed. In scientific discourse, the role of stakeholders in quality assurance systems is linked to systemic procedural mechanisms and depends on the stakeholders’ interests. The scientific literature highlights the assumptions of quality as a traveling idea, but there is no research on the transfer of quality as an idea to the context of a higher education institution. This article analyzes the concept of quality in higher education through the theoretical perspective of Scandinavian institutionalism and examines the expression of quality as an idea in the strategic documents of higher education institutions. Indicators of quality applied for the analysis of the expression of quality as an idea in the strategic documents of higher education institution demonstrate the transfer of quality as an idea into the context of a higher education institution based on the interests of stakeholders. The roles of stakeholders in higher education institutions are different, so quality, as an idea, and its transfer to higher education institutions is assessed by different indicators, which express quality (quality as an idea) in higher education institutions based on the expectations of different stakeholders.

The attractiveness to tourists of Podkarpackie Province is related to its natural diversity and rich cultural heritage. The communes located in the southern, Carpathian part of the province are the most attractive tourist destinations. However, the volume of tourist traffic in Podkarpackie Province differs from many other regions in Poland. It is visited by far fewer tourists than might be expected. In order to conduct a more effective tourist policy, it was necessary to acquire knowledge on the structure of tourism in the region and its image. The aim of this article is to present the proprietary methodology of cyclical research of the tourist image of Podkarpackie Province and the key results of the research conducted in 2021. The proposed set of methods and techniques includes: (1) an analysis of strategic documents in terms of the assumed tourist image (Atlas.ti), (2) a verification of search trends for keywords related to the identified associations (Google Trends), and (3) a search of widely available internet resources for spontaneously generated content (Google Search). The obtained results indicate that potential tourists find online information about tourist assets deviating from the planned tourist image presented in the strategic document. First of all, they look for opinions and tips on specific tourist attractions. In the perceptions of average, potential tourists, some sub-regions such as the Low Beskids and the Southern Roztocze are practically unnoticeable. They clearly ‘lose’ with the Bieszczady, which are most associated with the region. Ultimately, the comprehensive image research consists of qualitative and quantitative modules. Only the combination of both will allow for a holistic view of the image of the region.

Человеческий капитал является важнейшим условием экономического роста. Одним из ключевых факторов, определяющих траекторию и динамику его развития, является культурно-исторический фактор. Целью статьи является анализ человеческого капитала через призму влияния на него историко-культурного фактора. Человеческий и культурный капитал комплиментарны. Признавая влияние культурно-исторического фактора на формирование и развитие человеческого капитала, можно считать целесообразным использование параметров оценки культурного капитала в оценке человеческого капитала. Количественные параметры позволят сделать срез современного состояния человеческого капитала. К таким параметрам можно отнести: объем бюджетирования сферы культуры, науки, образования и динамику изменения бюджетных расходов; расходы на научно-исследовательские и опытно-конструкторские работы в валовом национальном продукте, индивидуальные расходы на культурные блага; плотность культурной инфраструктуры — число памятников культуры (музеев, галерей, кинотеатров, концертных залов), а также динамику роста их числа; образованность (число людей с высшим образованием); численность научных работников; число культурных индустрий и др. Качественные показатели во многом связаны с уникальностью национальной культуры. На них большое влияние оказывают этнические коды, национальный характер. Комбинированные показатели позволят оценить имеющийся потенциал человеческого капитала и просчитать степень влияния отдельных культурных факторов на возможности его развития., Human capital is essential for economic growth. One of the key factors determining the trajectory and dynamics of its development is the cultural and historical factor. The purpose of the article is to analyze human capital through the prism of the cultural and historical factor influence on it. Human and cultural capital is complimentary. Recognizing the influence of the cultural and historical factor on the formation and development of human capital, it can be considered appropriate to use the parameters for assessing cultural capital in assessing human capital. Quantitative parameters will allow making a cut of the current state of human capital: the volume of budgeting in the sphere of culture, science, education, and the dynamics of changes in budget expenditures; research and development expenditures in gross national income, individual expenditures on cultural goods; density of cultural infrastructure — the number of cultural monuments (museums, galleries, cinemas, concert halls) as well as the dynamics of their number growth; education (number of people with higher education); number of researchers; number of cultural industries, etc. Qualitative indicators are largely related to the uniqueness of the national culture. They are greatly influenced by ethnic codes and national character. The combined indicators will make it possible to assess the existing potential of human capital and calculate the degree of individual cultural factors influence on the possibilities of its development.

Пашнина Татьяна Викторовна – преподаватель кафедры государственно-правовых дисциплин, Уральский филиал Российского государственного университета правосудия, г. Челябинск. E-mail: pashninatv_chel@mail.ru. Tatyana Viktorovna Pashnina – lecturer of State legal disciplines of Ural branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation. E-mail: pashninatv_chel@mail.ru. Предпринята попытка анализа гарантирующей роли библиотечной информации для реализации информационных прав несовершеннолетних граждан в контексте создания в Российской Федерации общества знаний. Проанализирована проблема, связанная с феноменом «клиповой культуры», получившая широкое распространение в российском социуме. Акцентировано внимание на положениях стратегических документов информационной сферы, ставящих целью трансформацию российского общества в общество знаний на основе достоверной, безопасной и качественной информации, призванной содействовать всестороннему развитию личности, и в конечном итоге служить базой для инновационного развития страны в целом. Утверждается, что важнейшим информационным институтом, способным внести значительный вклад в достижение данной цели, является институт библиотеки, поскольку библиотеки выполняют не только информационные, но и культурные, просветительские функции, что нашло отражение в положениях базового закона библиотечной сферы. Отмечено, что право на информацию, а точнее – право на доступ к информации, возникающее у граждан в библиотечной сфере, реализуется посредством закрепленного в ст. 5 и 7 Закона о библиотечном деле права на библиотечное обслуживание, включающего право доступа в библиотеки и право свободного выбора библиотек. Констатировано существование специальных нормативных гарантий для особых категорий граждан, нуждающихся в повышенном внимании и заботе со стороны общества и государства. Особое внимание уделено праву несовершеннолетних граждан нашей страны на доступ к информации, в том числе через институт библиотеки. Отмечено, что это согласуется с поправками к Конституции РФ, провозгласившими детей важнейшим приоритетом государственной политики России. По материалам зарубежной периодической печати приводятся основные положения концепции права детей на информацию, базирующейся на положениях Конвенции ООН о правах ребенка. Утверждается, что информация играет важнейшую роль для становления ребенка как личности, и библиотека выступает важнейшим гарантом ее предоставления. Отмечено, что подобный зарубежный опыт способен стать основой для дальнейших теоретических исследований права детей на информацию с позиции российского правовой науки. По результатам исследования констатирована необходимость теоретического осмысления специфики реализации информационных прав несовершеннолетних граждан и разработки комплексной государственной программы, направленной на поддержку системы детских и юношеских библиотек с учетом возможностей сквозных цифровых технологий. An attempt has been made to analyze the guaranteeing role of library information for the implementation of information rights of minors in the context of the creation of a knowledge society in the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the problem associated with the phenomenon of "clip culture", which has become widespread in the Russian society. Attention is focused on the provisions of strategic documents in the information sphere, which aim at transforming Russian society into a knowledge society based on reliable, safe and high-quality information, designed to contribute to the comprehensive development of the individual, and ultimately serve as the basis for the innovative development of the country as a whole. It is argued that the most important information institution capable of making a significant contribution to the achievement of this goal is the institution of the library, since libraries perform not only informational, but also cultural, educational functions, which is reflected in the provisions of the basic law of the library sphere. It is noted that the right to information, or rather the right to access to information arising from citizens in the library sphere, is realized through the means enshrined in Art. 5 and 7 of the Law on Librarianship, the right to library services, which includes the right to access libraries and the right to freely choose libraries. The existence of special regulatory guarantees for special categories of citizens in need of increased attention and care from society and the state was stated. Particular attention is paid to the right of minor citizens of our country to access information, including through the library institute. It is noted that this is consistent with the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which proclaimed children the most important priority of Russian state policy. Based on the materials of foreign periodicals, the main provisions of the concept of children's right to information, based on the provisions of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, are given. It is argued that information plays an essential role for the development of a child as a person, and the library is the most important guarantor of its provision. It is noted that such foreign experience can become the basis for further theoretical studies of children's right to information from the standpoint of Russian legal science. Based on the results of the study, the need for a theoretical understanding of the specifics of the implementation of the information rights of minors and the development of a comprehensive state program aimed at supporting the system of children's and youth libraries, taking into account the possibilities of end-toend digital technologies, was stated.

В статье представлены итоги сравнительного анализа содержания основных концептуальных документов в миграционной сфере как результат эволюции государственной миграционной политики России с 1990 г. по настоящее время. Актуальность исследования заключается в возрастающей роли миграции на политической арене и в необходимости своевременного осмысления особенностей управления миграционными процессами в России. В работе отмечено положение миграционной политики на стыке многих сфер управления, описаны идеологические «качели», присущие миграционной политике в нашей стране, а также выявлено определяющее значение правовых источников, задающих идеологические ориентиры для всех уровней власти. Опираясь на имеющиеся научные разработки, авторы проводят собственную этапизацию развития миграционной политики рассматриваемого периода с описанием ключевых характеристик, выделением основных нормативных правовых актов и ответственного органа власти, определяющего миграционную политику каждого этапа. В результате проведенного сравнительного анализа содержания Концепций государственной миграционной политики Российской Федерации 2012 и 2018 гг. авторы выделяют характерные сдвиги в миграционной сфере на современном этапе по сравнению с 2012 г., а именно: возрастающее внимание к вопросам социокультурной адаптации и интеграции иностранных граждан, сближение миграционной и этнонациональной политики, ориентацию на обеспечение национальной безопасности как приоритет миграционной политики, стремление к упрощению миграционных процедур за счет расширения использования цифровых технологий, возрастающую роль интеграционных процессов на евразийском пространстве. В заключении авторы дают рекомендации по реализации Концепции государственной миграционной политики на 2019–2025 годы с учетом результатов проведенного исследования., The article presents the result of comparative analysis of main conceptual documents in the migration sphere that reflect the evolution of the Russian state migration policy since 1990 till nowadays. The growing migration’s role in the political sphere and the need for timely understanding of the specifics of managing migration processes in Russia determine the relevance of the topic. The special features of managing include: the position of migration policy at the junction of many areas of government, the ideological “swings” that are characteristic of migration policy in our country, as well as the defining significance of legal sources that set ideological guidelines for all levels of government. Using existing scientific researches the authors develop own “stageization” of migration policy development in the considered period. It contains descriptions of key characteristics and the main regulatory legal acts and documents, determines the authority that is responsible for the migration policy on each stage. The authors highlight representative shifts in the migration sphere at the present stage compared to 2012 as the result of conducted comparative analysis of the contents of State migration policy concepts 2012 and 2018 (namely: increasing attention to the issues of social and cultural adaptation and integration of foreign citizens, rapprochement of migration and ethno-national policies, orientation towards ensuring national security as the main priority of migration policy, the desire to simplify migration procedures by expanding the use of digital technologies, the increasing role of integration processes in the Eurasian Space. The author’s recommendations for implementing the State migration policy concept 2019-2020 are introduced in the conclusion.

This thesis deals with the strategic planning in the public administration and at the local level. The aim of this paper is to map the strategic planning in the public administration and its development, and to analyse and compare all necessary strategic documents for the well-functioning of Písek. Other priorities of the paper include the assessment of the relationship between strategic planning and urban, local and regional development strategies. Further, the strategic documents needed for the well-functioning towns and municipalities are analysed and dealt with. In addition, development and changes in strategic planning are evaluated after the accession to the European Union. All the strategic documents needed to operate within this local level (Písek) are analysed and compared in terms of mutual compliance between the main strategy "Strategic plan and creation of the concept of development of the town of Písek until 2025" and other development documents. Analysis based on publicly available strategic documents and the results are compared afterwards. In conclusion, recommendations and proposals for improvements are provided.

Nezaposlenost je negativna, konstantna pojava s kojom se bori cjelokupno društvo, a posebno države koje su utjecajem različitih nepovoljnih faktora, pogođene krizom u svim aspektima svog djelovanja. Primjer takvog društva je, nama susjedna država, Bosna i Hercegovina (BiH). Nezaposlenost u BiH pogađa sve dobne skupine sposobne za rad, ali ono što je alarmantno je upravo nezaposlenost mladih osoba u dobi od 15-30 godina koja iznosi 57.9%. Jedan od načina borbe protiv nezaposlenosti je razvoj adekvatnih aktivnih politika zapošljavanja koje će biti usmjerene ka konkretnoj ciljanoj skupini, u ovom slučaju usmjerena mladima. Osnovni cilj ovoga rada bio je utvrditi je li proces europskih integracija koji sa sobom nosi i razvoj određenih politika vezanih za zapošljavanje mladih imao utjecaja na smanjenje broja mladih u Bosni i Hercegovini. Budući da je vidljiv pad nezaposlenosti u posljednjih nekoliko godina na području BiH, a također vidljivi su i pozitivni pomaci u kreiranju aktivnih mjera za smanjenje nezaposlenosti, može se zaključiti da je proces europskih integracija pozitivno utjecao na smanjenje nezaposlenosti mladih na čitavom području Bosne i Hercegovine., Unemployment is a negative, constant phenomenon which the entire society faces, especially countries which, under the influence of various unfavorable factors, are affected by the crisis in all aspects of its action. An example of such society is our neighboring state, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Unemployment in BiH affects all age groups capable of working, but what is alarming is the unemployment of young people aged 15-30 which is 57.9% of all population. One way of combating unemployment is the development of adequate active employment policies that will be oriented towards a specific target group, which is in this case the group of young people. The main aim of this paper was to determine whether the process of European integration, which also carries the development of certain policies related to youth employment, has had an impact on the reduction of the number of young people in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since there has been a noticeable decrease in number of unemployed in the last few years in BiH and there are also positive moves in creating active measures to reduce unemployment, it can be concluded that the process of European integration has positively impacted on the reduction of youth unemployment in the entire territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Prema relevantnim istraživanjima, stanovništvo Republike Hrvatske već desetljećima obilježavaju izrazito nepovoljni demografski procesi, prirodna i ukupna depopulacija, smanjeni fertilitet, starenje stanovništva i emigracija, što utječe na široki spektar društvenih, ekonomskih, političkih, socijalnih i sigurnosnih problema. Ova analiza provodi se temeljem hipoteze kako odgovor na takve procese i promjene negativnih demografskih trendova zahtijevaju dugoročne i koherentne multiresorske politike u definiciji i provedbi. Slijedom toga definirano je istraživačko pitanje o koherentnosti strateškog političkog pristupa demografskoj problematici Republike Hrvatske od stjecanja neovisnosti 1991. godine. Provedena analiza strateških dokumenata, inauguralnih izjava predsjednika Republike Hrvatske, programa vlada Republike Hrvatske te strategija nacionalne sigurnosti ukazuje na nepovoljniju demografsku situaciju nego prije četvrt stoljeća, pri čemu su politički procesi koji trebaju osigurati odgovor na negativna kretanja i dalje u začecima. Pozitivan aspekt uočava se kroz rastući politički i sigurnosni fokus recentnih ključnih političkih aktera na demografska pitanja u odnosu na prethodna razdoblja, što je i pretpostavka osiguravanja dugoročnosti i koherentnosti u definiranju, usklađivanju i primjeni mjera usmjerenih na promjenu demografskih trendova., According to relevant research, for decades the population of the Republic of Croatia has been characterized by extremely unfavourable demographic processes, natural depopulation, reduced fertility, population aging and emigration, which affect a wide range of social, economic, political, social and security problems. This analysis is based on the hypothesis that response to such processes and changes in negative demographic trends require long-term and coherent multisectoral policies in definition and implementation. Consequently, a research question examines the coherence of the strategic political approach to the demographic problem of the Republic of Croatia since independence in 1991. The analysis of strategic documents, inaugural statements of the Croatian presidents, the government programs and the national security strategies indicates a more unfavourable demographic situation than a quarter of a century ago, whereby the political processes that need to ensure the response to negative developments are still in an early stage. A positive aspect can be seen through the growing political and security focus of recent key political actors on demographic issues, which is also a prerequisite for ensuring durable and coherence in defining, harmonizing and implementing measures aimed at changing demographic trends.

UNIVERZITA KARLOVA FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut Sociologických studií Katedra Veřejné a sociální politiky Diplomová práce 2019 Bc. Barbora Buřičová UNIVERZITA KARLOVA FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut Sociologických studií Katedra Veřejné a sociální politiky Analýza postojů aktérů vysokoškolské vzdělávací politiky v utváření politiky doktorského studia Diplomová práce Autorka práce: Bc. Barbora Buřičová Studijní program: Sociologie Vedoucí práce: Dr. Mgr. Aleš Vlk Rok obhajoby: 2019 Prohlášení 1. Prohlašuji, že jsem předkládanou práci zpracovala samostatně a použila jsem jen uvedené prameny a literaturu. 2. Prohlašuji, že práce nebyla využita k získání jiného titulu. 3. Souhlasím s tím, aby práce byla zpřístupněna pro studijní a výzkumné účely. V Praze dne Bc. Barbora Buřičová Bibliografický záznam BUŘIČOVÁ, Barbora. Analýza postojů aktérů vysokoškolské vzdělávací politiky v utváření politiky doktorského studia. Praha, 2019. 89 s. Diplomová práce (Mgr.). Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut Sociologických studií. Katedra Veřejné a sociální politiky. Vedoucí diplomové práce Dr. Mgr. Aleš Vlk. Rozsah práce: 149 153 znaků s mezerami Anotace Předkládaná diplomová práce se zaměřuje na postoje aktérů vysokoškolské vzdělávací politiky k problematice doktorského studia. Doktorské studium je v...

The article substantiates the essence of strategic planning as an organizational andlegal element of management activity in the system of social and humanitarian security provision in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of legislative and strategic documents, the legal principles of strategic planning in the field of social and humanitarian security provision as a component of the national security of Ukraine were researched. The main problems and contradictions of approaches to strategic planning in the national public and management practice were revealed. The ways for improvement of strategic planning in the system of social and humanitarian security in Ukraine are offered., Обґрунтовано сутність стратегічного планування як організаційно-правовогоелемента управлінської діяльності в системі забезпечення соціогуманітарної безпеки в Україні. На підставі аналізу законодавчих і стратегічних документів розкрито правові засади стратегічного планування у сфері забезпечення соціогуманітарної безпеки як складової національної безпеки України. Показано специфічні особливості, виявлено основні проблеми і суперечності підходів до стратегічного планування у вітчизняній державно-управлінській практиці. Запропоновано шляхи удосконалення стратегічного планування у вітчизняній системі соціогуманітарної безпеки.

Since 2009 the new management system of development has been in operation in Poland. Strategic planning and the programming of development are of special importance in this system. The article aims to characterise the main strategic documents in the new management system of development in Poland with a particular attention paid to the strategic areas and priorities of development. The author put forward the hypothesis indicating that a new management system of development seems to be hierarchical in nature and strategic documents are mutually coherent and interconnected. Moreover, a development policy has been designed as a regionally and thematically concentrated one. Od 2009 r. tworzony jest w Polsce nowy system zarządzania rozwojem, w którym szczególne znaczenie przypada planowaniu strategicznemu oraz programowaniu rozwoju. Kształtowanie polityki rozwoju określają dokumenty strategiczne nowej generacji, do których należą: Długookresowa Strategia Rozwoju Kraju Polska 2030. Trzecia fala nowoczesności (DSRK), Strategia Rozwoju Kraju 2020. Aktywne społeczeństwo, konkurencyjna gospodarka, sprawne państwo (SRK 2020) oraz dziewięć strategii rozwoju (tzw. strategie zintegrowane). Jedną z nich jest Strategia innowacyjności i efektywności gospodarki. Autorka stawia tezę, że nowy system zarządzania rozwojem w Polsce ma charakter hierarchiczny, a dokumenty strategiczne są spójne i powiązane ze sobą. Poza tym polityka rozwoju jest skoncentrowana terytorialnie oraz tematycznie. Celem artykułu jest scharakteryzowanie głównych dokumentów strategicznych w nowym systemie zarządzania rozwojem w Polsce ze zwróceniem szczególnej uwagi na obszary strategiczne oraz cele i priorytety rozwojowe. Nowy paradygmat zarządzania rozwojem w Polsce oznacza między innymi świadomą strategię realizacji celów przy wykorzystaniu funduszy unijnych oraz więcej kompetencji otrzymanych przez samorządy. Szczególnym elementem nowego systemu zarządzania rozwojem są strategie rozwoju regionów, powiatów oraz gmin.

K DIPLOMOVÉ PRÁCI V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE Strategic Management of the Education System in the Czech Republic Antonie Ondrouchová ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis "Strategic Management of the Education System in the Czech Republic" is to analyze and critically evaluate strategic management at various levels of the education system of the Czech Republic; suggest recommendations for further research. Thus, the thesis answers question on the state of strategic management at various levels of the education system of the Czech Republic. The theoretical part defines the term "strategic management", which is generally characterized by determination, process, tools, meaning and obstacles in its application. The following chapter deals with strategic management in the education system, in particular by identifying four levels of management (national, regional, local, school) represented by the relevant institutions. At the theoretical level, education policy is considered to be an indication of directions and content that are embedded in public policy documents. By the method of document content analysis, examples of strategic public policy documents are evaluated at four levels of system management. The state of the evaluated documents, based on selected aspects of the ideal state model, can be expressed by an...

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) presents tool for European Union that has interest in cooperation with its partners to enforce conception of common responsibility for state and function of whole society in all membership countries. According the conception, companies do not orientate their interest only to their economical goals, but they extend it with goals, orientated to the environmental and social aspects and according mentioned they improve their vision and strategy. Corporate social responsibility had become decisive tool in area of business, as well as public policy in countries of EU that support it by its strategic documents. At the end of 20th century in EU several important initiatives raised, with goal to support extension of CSR as natural business standard. Contribution allocates influence of EU policy to support of CSR, presenting by strategy and action plans that are obligatory also for Slovakia, with aim to contribute to the sustainable development of whole society. Challenge to the future for Slovak companies is mainly to work with factors that limit realization of EU vision in area of CSR.

The article deals with a strategic planning of the regional development on the municipal level of the Czech Republic with a focus on the theme of business and innovations support. The main aim of this paper is to explore and compare 13 regional capital's approach to the issue of business and innovations support based on information provided in the basic strategic documents. The results of the analysis show that the topic of the business and innovations support occurs in all reviewed documents. However, several partial imperfections of analysed documents were also identified. The paper also fulfilled the secondary objective of assessing the strength of links between the processes of strategic planning of regional development, and the processes of budgeting in the thematic area of business and innovations support.

Питање које се у савременом, информатичком друштву може поставити јесте на које се све начине може очувати културни идентитет, а да се при томе одржи корак са тенденцијама у развоју информационо-комуникационих технологија (ИКТ). Очување како материјалне, тако и нематеријалне културне баштине значајан је задатак садашњих, али и будућих генерација, при чему разноликост културне баштине, те експанзивни развој ИКТ захтевају од свих учесника у реализацији поменутог задатка потпуно посвећен, одговоран и систематски приступ. Значајну улогу у овој области у Србији имају стратешки документи. Предмет анализе у раду, у ширем контексту, јесте Дигитална агенда за Србију. Имајући у виду да је Дигитална агенда за Србију, као иницијатива Дигиталне агенде Европе за 2020. годину, дефинисана Стратегијом развоја Информационог друштва до 2020. године и Стратегијом развоја е-комуникација у Србији од 2010. до 2020. године, предмет анализе у раду, у ужем контексту, јесу дефинисани приоритети стратешких докумената, као и значај примене ИКТ у области културе. Поред реченог, свакако је значајно учинити осврт на релевантне законске одредбе, одредбе других страте- гија и акционе планове у овој области. The question that can be posed in a modern, information society is about the ways to preserve the cultural identity, while at the same time keeping up with trends in the development of information and communication technologies (ICT). The preservation of both material and intangible cultural heritage is an important task of present and future generations, where the diversity of cultural heritage and the expansive development of ICT require of all participants in the realization of the mentioned task, completely dedicated, responsible and systematic approach. Significant role in this area in Serbia has strategic documents. The subject of analysis in a paper, in a wider context, is the Digital Agenda for Serbia. Bearing in mind that the Digital Agenda for Serbia, as an initiative of the Digital Agenda for Europe for 2020, is defined by the Strategy for the Development of the Information Society until 2020 and the Strategy for the Development of e-Communications in Serbia from 2010 to 2020, the subject of the analysis in paper, in the narrow context, is the priorities of strategic documents which are defined, as well as the importance of applying ICT in the field of culture. In addition, it is certainly important to make a review of the relevant legal provisions, the provisions of other strategies and action plans in this area. http://iup.rs/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/PADKB.pdf

This paper presents findings of the research whose goal was to investigate and identify the key elements for a successful formal inclusion of information literacy (IL) programs into the curriculum and strategic documents at the institutional level of law faculties in Croatia based on the viewpoint of the senior administration of two Croatian law faculties (in Rijeka and Osijek). We collected the data through the qualitative method of semi- structured interviews. All together, nine interviewes were conducted: in Rijeka we interviewed four vice- deans and in Osijek a dean, three vice-deans and a representative of the decision-making faculty body on strategic documents and institution’s curriculum. The findings reveal that, although our respondents do not agree which term is broader and which narrower in meaning (‘information literacy’ (IL) and ‘legal research’ (LR)), they all strongly support the inclusion of IL into the institutional curriculum.

vol. (2016) 107-116, Under the act of 23 July 2003 on the Protection and Guardianship of Monuments, a coherent model for caring for historic monuments and sites on both central and local levels was introduced. This concept is intertwined with monitoring and flow of information. The system of managing documents is aimed at optimising actions pertaining to the protection of cultural heritage. As there is a clear hierarchy of these documents, which can also correlate with each other, there are sound reasons behind establishing a coherent protection policy – from municipal/communal level to the central one. National, regional, district, and municipal/communal programmes pertaining to care for historic monuments and sites are strategic tools which shape policy, direct actions towards specific aims, and reflect the will. In a number of cases, however, no programmes have ever been developed. Administrative and legal supervision is still the predominant model in the protection of monuments and sites. The period of 2003 - 2016 was the time to „become familiar” with the new tool applied in heritage protection and management. One should learn from these experiences and promote the idea of devising a coherent strategy aimed at protecting historic monuments and sites by implement-programmes on all administrative levels.

Growing development needs and requirements for mineral resources endorsed by the contemporary society reopen the issues of mineral resources finitude and effects that mineral industry imposes on the global scene. Mining is certainly among the activities which raise numerous environmental and social concerns being enhanced by continuous demand for new exploitation areas. Experience supports the need for continuous process of planning in the mining areas and development of extensive research, both fundamental and applied. With particular focus on spatial plans for the mining areas in Serbia, this paper addresses current mining regulatory framework and issue of harmonization between spatial plans for the mining areas with other pertinent strategic documents on environmental and social protection. Regardless they have been prescriptive or legally binding, fundamental principles of these strategic documents serve as guidance towards sustainable development in the mining sector under the new institutional, organization and economic settings.

Ustawa o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami z 2003 r. wprowadza spójny model funkcjonowania programów opieki nad zabytkami na szczeblu centralnym i na każdym ze szczebli samorządu. Koncepcja łączy się z mechanizmem monitoringu i obiegu informacji. System dokumentów zarządczych ma na celu optymalizowanie działań w zakresie ochrony dziedzictwa kulturowego. Hierarchizacja dokumentów i narzucająca się możliwość ich wzajemnego korelowania dają podstawy budowania spójnej polityki ochronnej od szczebla gminy, po centralny. Krajowy, wojewódzkie, powiatowe i gminne programy opieki nad zabytkami to narzędzia strategiczne, kreujące politykę, wyrażające wolę, określające kierunki działania. Jednak w wielu przypadkach programy w ogóle nie zaistniały. W ochronie zabytków dominuje wciąż model kontroli administracyjno-prawnej. Lata 2003-2016 to okres „oswajania się” z nowym narzędziem ochrony i zarządzania dziedzictwem. Doświadczenia te należy spożytkować i dążyć do utrwalenia koncepcji budowania spójnej strategii ochrony zabytków w Polsce za pośrednictwem programów na wszystkich szczeblach administracji. Summary: Under the Act of 23 July 2003 on the Protection and Guardianship of Monuments, a coherent model for caring for historic monuments and sites on both central and local levels was introduced. This concept is intertwined with monitoring and flow of information. The system of managing documents is aimed at optimising actions pertaining to the protection of cultural heritage. As there is a clear hierarchy of these documents, which can also correlate with each other, there are sound reasons behind establishing a coherent protection policy - from municipal/communal level to the central one. National, regional, district, and municipal/communal programmes pertaining to care for historic monuments and sites are strategic tools which shape policy, direct actions towards specific aims, and reflect the will. In a number of cases, however, no programmes have ever been developed. Administrative and legal supervision is still the predominant model in the protection of monuments and sites. the period of 2003-2016 was the time to „become familiar” with the new tool applied in heritage protection and management. One should learn from these experiences and promote the idea of devising a coherent strategy aimed at protecting historic monuments and sites by implementing programmes on all administrative levels.

Effective development of the legal framework promotes the production of energy from renewable energy sources (RES) that provide an alternative to fossil fuel energy and environmental protection. According to these provisions, the article performs content analysis of the Lithuanian RES legal framework and discloses regulatory grounds and barriers to RES development