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Two new transition metal-based coordination polymers [Zn3(bimb)2(nbta)2]n (1, bimb = 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-yl)-2-butene, H3nbta = 5-nitro-1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylic acid) and {[Cu3(nbta)2(bipp)2(H2O)2](H2O)2}n (2, bipp = 1,4-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)piperazine) have been successfully prepared by reaction of 5-nitro-1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylic acid with the corresponding metal salts and the different N-donor ligands. Furthermore, the treatment effect of compounds 1 and 2 on nephrotic syndrome (NS) was evaluated and the specific mechanism was explored in this research. Firstly, to investigate the level of the Th17 cells and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3+ regulate cells (Treg) in PBMC was detected with flow cytometry. The RT-PCR was performed to analyze the mRNA expression level of 16sRNA to determine the intestinal flora abundance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, by using a mixed-ligand approach, a novel Cu(II)-based metal–organic framework {[Cu(oba)(azd)0.5]·(DMF)2}n (1) with a three-dimensional framework has been successfully prepared by reaction of the V-shape linker 4,4′-oxydibenzoic acid (H2oba) with a azo-functionalized N,N′ spacer 3,3′-azodipyridine (azd). The gas sorption experiments have been carried to study the C2H2/C2H4 potential of the activated 1 (denoted as 1a hereafter), which reflects its potential for a highly selective adsorption of C2H2 on C2H4. Furthermore, by preforming experiment of column breakthrough further to prove 1a's possibility used in industrial ethylene purification. Next, the treatment effect and mechanism of compound on carcinogenesis of cirrhosis was determined in this research. The RT-PCR was carried out to measure the relative expression level of cxcr3 in HSC cells after compound treatment. Then, the activation of TLRs/MyD88 singling pathway was evaluated by measuring the content of IL-6 and IL-1β in HSC cells by ELISA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new mixed-ligand coordination polymers [Zn(bdc)(bib)]n (1, H2bdc = 1,3-dicarboxybenzene, bib = 1,3-bis(imidazol-1-yl)benzene) and [Zn(NH2-bdc)(bib)]n (2, NH2–H2bdc = 2-amino-1,4-dicarboxybenzene) are successfully prepared by the reaction of zinc nitrate, N-containing and dicarboxylate ligands under the same hydrothermal conditions. The anti-viability of compounds 1 and 2 is assessed with CCK-8 against SW480 colon cancer cells. To further explore the underlying mechanism of compounds, the cell apoptosis and ROS detection are performed in this experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, two new mixed-ligand coordination polymers {[Co(bbi)(tdc)]·5H2O}n (1, bbi = 1,4-bis(imidazolyl)butane) and {[Cu2(bimb)(H2O)(μ3-tdc)2(DMF)2]·H2O}n (2, bimb = 4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl) benzene) were synthesized under the solvothermal conditions via reaction of 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (H2tdc) with the corresponding metal salts in the existence of different flexible bis-imidazole ligands (bbi for 1 and bimb for 2). The as-prepared two structures were detected via the single crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and then characterized via the analysis of element, powder Xray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) as well as infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, the protective activity of the compound on the mice with ischemic stroke was evaluated. Firstly, the real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain raction (RT-PCR) was carried out to determine the effect of compounds 1 and 2 against the relative expression level of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptors (glp1r) on the cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Next, the Morris Water Maze Experiment was also used to detect the improvement function of compounds 1 and 2 on the nice mice cognitive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By means of the mixed-ligand strategy, a new Ni(II)-bearing coordination complex [Ni(pda)(bimb)(H2O)](H2O)1.5(1, bimb = 6,6′-bis(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-2,2′-bipyridine, H2pda = 4,4′-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)dibenzoic acid) is successfully obtained by the reaction of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, bimb, and H2pda under hydrothermal reaction conditions. Furthermore, the nanoparticles of 1 (nano-1) with a size distribution of around 160 nm can be produced via a grinding method. In the section of biological research, we describe the anti-inflammatory activity of nano-1 on the acute viral myocarditis model. In the CVB3-induced acute viral myocarditis model, the treatment effect of nano-1 is evaluated by determining the mice survival rate and the CVB3 titer. The anti-inflammatory activity of nano-1 is determined by the ELISA assay of TNF-α and IL-1β levels in plasma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel coordination polymers, formulated as {[Co3(tcpb)2(bimb)(DMF)]}n (1, bimb = 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benene, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide) and {[Co2(tcpb)(bim)](DMF)3·(Dioxane)2·(H2O)3}n (2, Hbim = benzimidazole) were prepared from 1,3,5-tris(4-carbonylphenyloxy)benzene (H3tcpb), a semi-rigid tripodal carboxylate ligand as well as different N-donor ligands under solvothermal conditions. Due to their excellent water stability, complexes 1 and 2 could be used as catalysts for photocatalytic degradation of dye under the UV irradiation. Furthermore, the protective effect of the compound against colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) was assessed and the particular mechanism was discussed in this study. Firstly, the real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out to determine the il-6 and stat3 relative expression in the colon cancer cells after treated by compounds 1 and 2. Then, the percentage of the colon cancer cells after treated by compounds 1 and 2 was detected via Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solvothermal reactions of Co(NO3)2·6H2O or Ni(NO3)2·3H2O with 4,4′-di(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)biphenyl (bimbb) and 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (H2pdc) afford two one-dimensional coordination polymers with the chemical formulas [Co(bimbb)2(pdc)](H2O)2(1) and [Ni(bimbb)2(pdc)](H2O)2(2). Complexes 1 and 2 are characterized by the elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The RPMI-8226 human multiple myeloma cell proliferation is determined by the CCK-8 assay after treatment with complexes 1 and 2. The morphological changes of treated RPMI-8226 are observed with the Hoechst staining method, and the apoptotic related protein levels are determined by western blot after treatment with complexes 1 and 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the solvo‐thermal conditions, two novel CdII mixed‐ligand coordination materials with 2,6‐(1,2,4‐triazole‐4‐yl)pyridine(L1) and aromatic poly‐carboxylic acid co‐ligands such as 5‐R‐isophthalic acid (R = nitro, sulfo), namely [Cd(L1)(NO2‐BDC)(H2O)2]·2H2O (1) and [Cd(L1)(HSIP)(H2O)]·4H2O (2) (NO2‐H2BDC = 5‐nitroisophthalic acid, H3SIP = 5‐sulfobenzene ‐isophthalic acid) were successfully prepared. These CdII mixed‐ligand coordination polymers 1–2 have been measured by crystal X‐ray analysis, FT‐IR spectra and powder X‐ray diffraction analyses. In 1, these seven‐coordinate CdII atoms (Cd1) are inter‐linked by didentate 5‐nitroisophthalic acid ligands forming 1D chain structures. In 2, these L1 and partially de‐pronated HSIP2– are inter‐linked by central CdII centers and are arranged into the unique 2D micro‐porous metal‐organic framework of 2. Side view of 2, it is noted that numerous oxygen atoms of un‐coordinated carboxylate groups and coordinated SO3 groups protrude out and decorate the 2D framework of 2. PXRD patterns of 1 and 2 sample is tested, which is consistent with the simulated PXRD diffraction pattern. Photoluminescence studies show that 2 is highly selective and sensitive to trace elements of Eu3+ with excellent Ksv value (7.86 × 104m–1) and low detection limit (5.56 × 10–2 mM), which also provides a convenient method and platform for real‐time detection of Eu3+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel coordination polymers based on Cu(II) ions as the metal nodes, {Cu(pydc)(2,2‐bpy)(DMF)}n (1, H2pydc=3,5‐pyridinedicarboxylate, 2,2‐bpy=2,2‐bipyridine) and {[Cu(H2O)2(H2imdc)2](H2O)}n (2, H3imdc=1H‐imidazole‐4,5‐dicarboxylic acid) have been synthesized via the hydrothermal or solvothermal conditions and characterized by techniques of elemental analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) as well as the analysis of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Furthermore, the anti‐tumor activities of compounds 1 and 2 against on U251 brain glioma cells were evaluated in vitro. The Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) detection was performed to assess anti‐tumor activities of compounds 1 and 2 on U251 brain glioma cells. The Annexin V‐FITC/PI approach and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to determine the U251 brain glioma cells apoptosis after compounds treatment. Besides, the ROS assay was utilized to determine the ROS accumulation within U251 brain glioma cells after compounds treatment. The RT‐PCR was conducted to measure the ROS related genes relative expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the mixed-ligand approach, a new coordination polymer with the chemical formula [Cd(bpydb)(bimb)(H2O)](H2O)3(1, H2bpydb = 4,4′-([2,4′-bipyridine]-2′,6′-diyl)dibenzoic acid, bimb = 5,5′-bis(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-2,2′-bipyridine) is successfully prepared via a hydrothermal reaction of Cd(NO3)4H2O, H2bpydb, and bimb in the presence of NaOH as the pH modulator. Furthermore, we use an ultrasonic method to obtain nanoparticles of 1 with an average thickness of 126 nm. To evaluate the antiinflammatory effect of the compound against inflammatory metrorrhagia, the activation of NF-κb signal pathway is measured by RT-PCR. Furthermore, ELSA is used in this research to detect the IL-1β and IL-18 content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we report the synthesis and structural characterization of two new Co(II) and Cu(II) containing coordination polymers {[Co2(btc)(mbtz)2]·7H2O}n (1), [Cu2(btc)(mbtz)2]n (2) by using the N donor ligand 1,3-bis(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene (mbtz) and the O-donor ligand 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4btc) as the co-linkers. Furthermore, a sonochemical process was used to produce the nanostructures of coordination polymers 1 and 2. Then, we evaluated the anti-viability of nano 1 and 2 on LTEP lung cancer cells. And the Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was performed to detect the apoptosis induced by nano 1 and 2 on LTEP cells. The ROS level in LTEP cells was measured by DCFH-DA assay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a new Co(II)-containing coordination polymer with the chemical formula [Co(ox)(dimb)] (1, ox = oxalic acid, dimb = 1,4-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)butane) is successfully prepared by the reaction of Co(NO3)2·6H2O, oxalic acid, and 1,4-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)butane in a mixed solvent of DMF and water under the solvothermal conditions. As-prepared crystalline complex 1 is characterized by the elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the mechanical grinding method is used to produce nanostructured 1 with the average size distribution of around 326 nm. To detect the in vivo protective effect of nano 1 on CVB3-induced myocarditis, the histopathology evaluation is performed. To reveal the underlying relationship between the cell inflammatory response and the mechanism of the compound protective activity, the level of IL-1 and TNF-α in the myocardial tissue is measured by ELISA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new difunctional Zn(II) coordination polymer (CP) with the chemical formula of [Zn(TBTA) (L)1.5]n (1) has been synthesized hydrothermally from tetrabromoterephthalic acid (H2TBTA) and 4,4'-bis(imidazole-1-yl)-biphenyl (L) ligands. Furthermore, due to its strong intense emission and open N donor sites, complex 1 could be used as a light-emitting sensor to determine 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) which has high selectivity and sensitivity. Furthermore, the anti-bacterial effect of the compound against P. gingivalis in vitro was evaluated by measuring the P. gingivalis growth curves after compound treatment. And the RT-PCR assay was performed to detect the relative expression of ragA and ragB, which are important for the P. gingivalis growth. The potential anti-infectious mechanism was further studied by using molecular docking technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solvothermal reactions of Co(NO3)2·6H2O or Ni(NO3)2·6H2O with 1,4-bis((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene (bimb) and 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (H2tdc) afforded two three-dimensional coordination polymers with the chemical formulas of [Co2(bimb)2(tdc)2]·2H2O (1) and [Ni2(bimb)2(tdc)2]·2H2O (2). Complexes 1-2 were characterized by elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. To evaluate the anti-proliferation ability of the compounds 1 and 2, the Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed firstly. After that, the Hoechst staining assay was carried out to determine whether the anti-cancer activity of compound has relationship with the cell apoptosis. Next, the western blot detection of the apoptotic proteins was detected to further prove the effect of compound on cells apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solvothermal reactions of 5-methylisophthalic acid (H2mipa) with 1,4-bis(imidazol-1ylmethyl)benzene (1,4-bib) or 1,3-bis(imidazol-1ylmethyl)benzene (1,3-bib) in the presence of Co(NO3)2·6H2O in a mixed solvent of H2O/DMF yielded two new coordination polymers, namely, [Co2(mipa)(1,4-bib)](H2O) (1) and [Co3(Hmipa)2(mipa)2(1,3-bib)](H2tba)(H2O)2 (2). These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis and X-ray single-crystal diffraction, which reveals that complex 1 is mutually interpenetrated each other to form 3D+3D⟶3D interpenetrated framework with crs/dia-e topology, and complex 2 is constructed from the trinuclear [Co3(COO)6] unit connected by tbip ligands to form 1D structures which were extended to form 2D structures by neutral ligands. Furthermore, the anti-ovarian cancer activity of the two coordination complexes has been evaluated via the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and western blot assay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new zinc(II) coordination polymers (CPs), namely, {[Zn(BPDC)(L1) 2 ·(H 2 O) 2 ]·H 2 O} n (1) and {[Zn(BPDC)(L2) 0.5 ·(H 2 O)]} n (2) (H 2 BPDC = Biphenyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid, L1 = 2-(2-(pyridin-3-yl)vinyl)-1 H -benzimidazole, L2 = 1,1′-(1,6-hexanediyl)bis[2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole]) are hydrothermally synthesized and characterized. 1 possesses a straight chain, which is further extended into a 3D supramolecular framework through O−H···O and N−H···O hydrogen bonding interactions. 2 exhibits the hcb layer and further extended through O−H···O hydrogen bonding interactions into 3D supramolecular networks. The two CPs present thermal and pH stabilities. 1 and 2 can act as bifunctional fluorescent sensors for the selective detection of sulfamethoxazole and Fe3+ ion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ten new mixed-ligand Cu(II) complexes with subtle variations on Schiff-base main ligands were synthesized. • Crystal structures of four complexes were obtained. • Molecular docking was performed against SARS-Cov-2 Mpro (PDB ID: 6LU7) and its Omicron Variant protease (PDB ID: 7TLL). • The effects of substituents on main ligand as well as different coligands on EFBE were investigated. A variety of new mixed-ligand Schiff-base complexes with general formula [Cu(SBn)(py)]ClO4 (n = 1–5) and [Cu(SBn)(BTZ)]ClO4 (n = 1a–5a) were synthesized and characterized. In these complexes, the NN'O-type unsymmetrical Schiff-base ligands (SBn) were formed from the equimolar condensation of 1,2-ethylenediamine with salicylaldehyde (1, 1a), 3-methoxysalicylaldehyde (2, 2a), 3,5-dibromosalicylaldehyde (3, 3a), 3-methoxy-5-bromosalicylaldehyde (4, 4a) and 6-methoxysalicylaldehyde (5, 5a). The complexes were characterized by FT-IR and UV–Vis spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The crystal structures of the complexes 3, 2a, 3a, 4a and 5a were also obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). Molecular docking studies were done on SARS-Cov-2 Mpro (PDB ID: 6LU7) and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant protease (PDB ID: 7TLL). Based on estimated free binding energy (EFBE), the complex (3a) showed the highest activity. The complexes (2 and 1) against 6LU7, and (1 and 4) against 7TLL showed the least EFBE. The EFBE results were better than the four studied standard drugs (Remdesivir, Hydroxychloroquine, Dexamethasone and Oxford-AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine). The molecular docking results are discussed based on the structural properties of the main ligands in the complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the common use of salens and hydroxyquinolines as therapeutic and bioactive agents, their metal complexes are still under development. Here, we report the synthesis of novel mixed-ligand metal complexes (MSQ) comprising salen (S), derived from (2,2′-{1,2-ethanediylbis[nitrilo(E) methylylidene]}diphenol, and 8-hydroxyquinoline (Q) with Co(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), Al(III), and La(III). The structures and properties of these MSQ metal complexes were investigated using molar conductivity, melting point, FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV–VIS, mass spectra, and thermal analysis. Quantum calculation, analytical, and experimental measurements seem to suggest the proposed structure of the compounds and its uncommon monobasic tridentate binding mode of salen via phenolic oxygen, azomethine group, and the NH group. The general molecular formula of MSQ metal complexes is [M(S)(Q)(H2O)] for M (II) = Co, Ni, and Cd or [M(S)(Q)(Cl)] and [M(S)(Q)(H2O)]Cl for M(III) = La and Al, respectively. Importantly, all prepared metal complexes were evaluated for their antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The metal complexes exhibited high cytotoxic potency against human breast cancer (MDA-MB231) and liver cancer (Hep-G2) cell lines. Among all MSQ metal complexes, CoSQ and LaSQ produced IC50 values (1.49 and 1.95 µM, respectively) that were comparable to that of cisplatin (1.55 µM) against Hep-G2 cells, whereas CdSQ and LaSQ had best potency against MDA-MB231 with IC50 values of 1.95 and 1.43 µM, respectively. Furthermore, the metal complexes exhibited significant antimicrobial activities against a wide spectrum of both Gram-positive and -negative bacterial and fungal strains. The antibacterial and antifungal efficacies for the MSQ metal complexes, the free S and Q ligands, and the standard drugs gentamycin and ketoconazole decreased in the order AlSQ > LaSQ > CdSQ > gentamycin > NiSQ > CoSQ > Q > S for antibacterial activity, and for antifungal activity followed the trend of LaSQ > AlSQ > CdSQ > ketoconazole > NiSQ > CoSQ > Q > S. Molecular docking studies were performed to investigate the binding of the synthesized compounds with breast cancer oxidoreductase (PDB ID: 3HB5). According to the data obtained, the most probable coordination geometry is octahedral for all the metal complexes. The molecular and electronic structures of the metal complexes were optimized theoretically, and their quantum chemical parameters were calculated. PXRD results for the Cd(II) and La(III) metal complexes indicated that they were crystalline in nature.

The ternary systems of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes with Mercaptosuccinic acid as Primary Ligand and 1, 10-Phenanthroline as Secondary Ligand are investigated. The stability constants of the complexes were determined pH metrically in Dimethylformamide medium at 303K and I = 0.16 mol/L NaCl. The predominant species detected are MLX, ML2X, MLXH and MLX2H. Models containing different numbers of species were refined by using the computer program MINIQUAD75. The best-fit chemical models were arrived at based on statistical parameters. The relative stabilities of the ternary complexes and species distributions of all complexes in solution were evaluated.

A four-fold interpenetrated Zn(II)-based coordination polymer with the chemical formula of {[Zn2(L)2(bdc)]·(H2O)2·DMF}n (1) was synthesized by solvent method using terephthalic acid (H2bdc) and N1,N1,N4,N4-tetrakis(4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)benzene-1,4-diamine (L) as the mixed ligands. The as-prepared complex 1 was measured via the elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, due to its strong intense emission, complex 1 could be applied as luminescent sensor to sensitively detect 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP), which has the characteristics of high sensitivity and selectivity. In addition, to evaluate the anti-bacterial effect of compound 1 in vitro, the P.gingivalis growth curves were measured. And the relative expression of ragA and ragB was detected by RT-PCR to reveal the mechanism of the compound in the anti-infectious activity. The potential anti-infectious criteria that has been observed in the experimental measurement has been further studied by using molecular docking technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The condensation between N , N -di(α-formylpyrrolyl-α-methyl)- N -methylamine LH 2 and ethanolamine or picolylamine afforded the [1 + 2] acyclic Schiff base in an excellent yield. The reaction between LH 2 and [Cu(OAc) 2 ·H 2 O] yielded a bis(aqua)-bridged binuclear copper(II) complex [Cu{MeN(CH 2 –C 4 H 2 N–CHO) 2 - κN,N,N)}(μ-H 2 O)] 2 1. The same product was obtained from the reaction between acyclic, cyclic or bicyclic Schiff base of LH 2 and [Cu(OAc) 2 ·H 2 O] or [CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O] via hydrolysis of the Schiff-bases. Complex 1 readily reacts with diimines such as 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmp) to give mixed ligand mononuclear Cu(II) complexes [Cu{MeN(CH 2 –C 4 H 2 N–CHO) 2 - κN,N,N)}(bipy)] 2 , [Cu{MeN(CH 2 –C 4 H 2 N–CHO) 2 - κN,N,N)}(phen)] 3 , and [Cu{MeN(CH 2 –C 4 H 2 N–CHO) 2 - κN,N,N)}(dmp)] 4 in very high yields. In all structures, L 2− retains its original coordination mode and the geometry around the copper atom in 1 , 2 or 3 is best described as a distorted square pyramidal (sp); on the other hand, the copper atom assumes a distorted trigonal bipyramidal (tbp) geometry with dmp in 4 owing to the steric bulk of methyl groups. DFT calculations gave the energy difference between sp and tbp geometries of different copper(II) complexes containing bipy and phen ligands bearing sterically encumbered substituents. As the steric bulk increases, tbp becomes the preferred geometry. A binuclear Cu(II) complex supported by the pyrrole based dianionic ligand and its reactions with diimines to give mixed ligand mononuclear complexes are described. Their coordination geometries are dictated by steric factor and supported by DFT calculations. Image 1 • Bis(aqua) binuclear Cu(II) complex supported by the dipodal ligand, N , N -di(α-formylpyrrolyl-α-methyl)- N -methylamine. • Its reactions with chelating diimines to give mixed ligand five coordinate Cu(II) complexes. • Distortion toward a tbp geometry with the sterically hindering dmp co-ligand with X-ray structures. • Computational studies to support the change in geometries with steric hindrances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new mixed‐ligand coordination polymer {[Co(Hbidc)(2,2′‐bpy)(H2O)2]⋅1.5H2O}n (1) has been successfully prepared by the reaction of Co(NO3)2⋅6H2O, 2, 2′‐bipyridine (2,2′‐bpy) as well as benzimidazole‐5, 6‐dicarboxylic acid (H3bidc) in the mixed solvent of water and DMA under solvothermal conditions. Furthermore, a mechanical grinding method was used to produce the nanostructure 1 with the average size of 263 nm. The integrity of H9 C2 cardiomyocytes cell membrane after nano 1 treatment was detected by LDH detection. After nano 1 incubation, the inflammatory level in the H9 C2 cardiomyocytes was evaluated by western blot and ELISA measurement. In addition, the ROS accumulation in H9 C2 cardiomyocytes after nano 1 treatment was determined by H2DCFDA detection assay. Finally, possible interactions between the studied complex 1 and protein has been probed using molecular docking simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Gold complexes containing diphosphine ligands as therapeutic agents are discussed. • Article begins with a discussion of the early example of gold metallodrug. • Various coordination modes of diphosphine ligands are discussed. • Diphosphine-containing mixed-ligand and mixed-metal gold complexes are discussed. Abstract The last decade has witnessed tremendous advances in the design of anticancer gold complexes containing tertiary phosphines, a class of ligands that have significantly contributed to the development of metal complexes owing to their stabilizing effect. The promising in vitro antiproliferative properties of the phosphine-containing organogold compound auranofin [1-(thio- k S)-2,3,4,6-tetra- O -acetyl-β- d -glucopyranose](triethylphosphine- k P)gold(I), originally used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, inspired the extensive application of monodentate phosphines in the development of anticancer gold complexes. Meanwhile, the use of diphosphine ligands promoted advances in the preparation of chelated gold complexes as well as mixed-metal and mixed-ligand complexes that have superior anticancer activity. The present report summarizes the current state of knowledge of diphosphine ligands in the development of anticancer gold complexes, and explores challenges and opportunities in designing gold-containing mixed-metal and mixed-ligand complexes that have anticancer action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract A series of dimeric 2,2′-bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline oxomolybdenum(V) α-hydroxycarboxylates [(MoO) 2 OL 2 (bpy) 2 ]·xH 2 O and [(MoO) 2 OL 2 (phen) 2 ]·yH 2 O have been obtained and well-characterized in acidic media for comparisons. Highlights • A series of N -heterocycle oxomolybdenum(V) α-hydroxycarboxylates have been obtained. • No protonation was observed for α-alkoxy groups even under acidic condition. • Solid state 13C NMR spectra of 1 and 3 show large downfield shifts between the coordinated glycolate and malate. Abstract A series of dimeric oxomolybdenum(V) 2,2′-bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline α-hydroxycarboxylates trans -[(MoO) 2 O(glyc) 2 (bpy) 2 ]·3H 2 O (1), trans -[(MoO) 2 O(lact) 2 (bpy) 2 ]·3H 2 O (2), trans -[(MoO) 2 O(Hmal) 2 (bpy) 2 ] (3), trans -[(MoO) 2 O(lact) 2 (phen) 2 ]·4H 2 O (4) and trans -[(MoO) 2 O(Hmal) 2 (phen) 2 ]·4H 2 O (5) have been synthesized in acidic media for comparisons, where glycolate, lactate and malate in 1 – 5 chelate to molybdenum(V) with bidentate α-alkoxy and α-carboxy groups respectively. Unlike the molybdenum(IV) lactate in low valence [1] , no protonation was observed for α-alkoxy groups even under acidic condition. The two molybdenum atoms in 1 and 3 are paramagnetic independently as examples by EPR spectroscopies. Solid state 13C NMR spectra of 1 and 3 show large downfield shifts for the coordinated glycolate and malate (δ α-alkoxy 75.4, 82.8 ppm, Δδ 13.4 ppm). Moreover, a monomeric mixed ligand oxomolybdenum(VI) complex MoO 2 (glyc)(bpy) (6) was isolated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract With an aim to obtain a new supramolecular compound based on Keggin-type polyoxometalates with mixed-ligand: [Cu(I)(phen) 2 ] 2 {[Cu(II)] 2 (phen) 4 PTA}[H 3 PMoV 4 MoVI 8 O 40 ] (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, PTA = terephthalic acid) has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and structurally characterized by elemental analyses, IR, X-ray single crystal diffraction, TG analyses and XPS. In the title compound, the Keggin-type phosphomolybates anions, butterfly-shaped [Cu(I)(phen) 2 ]+ subunits and dumbbell-shaped {[Cu(II)] 2 (phen) 4 PTA}2+ subunits are alternately connected to form chiral helical chains via hydrogen bonds along b axis, and the adjacent chiral helical chains are connected in the way of sharing butterfly-shaped [Cu(I)(phen) 2 ]+ subunits and dumbbell-shaped {[Cu(II)] 2 (phen) 4 PTA}2+ subunits to form 3D supramolecular reticular framework. As expected, the title compound with mixed-ligands (phen and PTA) has been successfully synthesized, inconceivably, the title compound also contains mixed-valence Cu (Cu(I) in butterfly-shaped [Cu(I)(phen) 2 ]+ subunits; Cu(II) in dumbbell-shaped {[Cu(II)] 2 (phen) 4 PTA}2+ subunits). The preliminary analyses show that mixed-valence Cu(I/II) may be due to the reduction of Cu(II) (from CuCl 2) to Cu(I) (in butterfly-shaped [Cu(I)(phen) 2 ]+ subunits) by N-containing compound. The successful results of this work provide a new idea that supramolecular materials with attractive structures and novel properties, which could be designed and synthesized by introducing of mixed-ligands into the supramolecular materials. Additionally, the electrocatalytic property of the title compound to H 2 O 2 has been studied. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Compound based on Keggin POMs with mixed-ligand and Cu(I/II) was prepared. • The compound contains the right- and left-hand helical chains. • The compound exhibits good electrocatalytic activity towards H 2 O 2 reduction [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new coordination polymers [Co2(L)2(4,4′-bipy)(H2O)2](DMA)2 (1, 4,4′-bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine, H2L = 4-(1H-pyrazole-4-yl)benzoic acid) and [Cu2(L)2(4,4′-bipy)](DEF)3 (2, DEF = N, N-diethylformamide), have been synthesized via solvothermal reaction of M(NO3)2·6H2O (M = Co for 1 and Cu for 2) with the pyrazolate/carboxylate ligand and the 4,4′-bipy linker. Both coordination polymer architectures in nanoscale regimes have been prepared and determined via PXRD and SEM, and the cytotoxicity of them against the human cardiac myoma cells H9C2 has been evaluated via the MTT assay with the cisplatin as the reference drug, which demonstrates better anticancer activities of the both nano architectures than those of their samples in micro regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel Cu(II) complex 1 of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid (Hsba) and eight novel mixedligand Cu(II) complexes 2-9 have been prepared using Hsba and 2-aminopyridine derivatives [2,3-diaminopyridine (2,3dap), 2,3-diamino-5-bromopyridine (2,3da5Brp), 2,3-diamino-5-chloropyridine (2,3da5Clp), 2-amino-3-benzyloxypyridine (2a3bxp), 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine (2a3OHp), 2-amino-3-methylpiridine (2a3mp), 2-amino-3-methyl-6-ethylpiridine (2a3m6Etp) and 2-amino-3-nitro-6-methylpiridine (2a3NO26mp)], respectively. The structures of the amorphous metal complexes have been proposed by evaluating the data obtained from elemental analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), magnetic susceptibility and molar conductivity methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Three zinc(II) metal-organic frameworks have been solvothermally synthesized with V-shaped 1,3-bis(1-imidazolyl)benzene (bib) and 4,4'-oxydibenzoic acid (4,4'-H 2 oba), namely {[Zn(bib)(oba)]⋅solvents} n (1), {[Zn(bib)(oba)]·2H 2 O} n (2) and {[Zn 2 (bib) 2 (oba) 2 ]⋅2EtOH⋅H 2 O} n (3). All of them are characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared spectra and powder X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 presents a two-fold interpenetrating three-dimensional structure with 4-connected (65.8) topology. While, complexes 2 and 3 exhibit double layer cavity and double chains based two-dimensional structure, respectively. Luminescent studies indicate that 2 and 3 display selectively sensitive to electron-deficient nitroaromatic explosives with excellent anti-interference abilities. Graphical abstract Three zinc(II) metal-organic frameworks have been synthesized by the regulation of temperature- and solvent. Complexes 2 and 3 show selectively sensitive to electron-deficient nitroaromatic explosives with excellent anti-interference abilities. fx1 Highlights • Complexes 1 – 3 exhibit 2D/3D structures derived from V-shaped bib and H 2 oba with different conformations. • Through the change of reaction conditions, the assembly of MOFs with novel structures and interesting properties has been successfully realized. • Complexes 2 and 3 exhibit selectively sensitive to electron-deficient nitroaromatic explosives with high anti-interference abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Three new mixed-ligand Schiff-base complexes with [Cu(SB)L1–3]ClO 4 formulae were synthesized. • Anticancer studies were performed on three human carcinoma cell lines that showed promising results. • The results revealed that the complex with bpy co-ligand was the most effective against all the three cell lines. • Molecular docking was also used that further supported the experimental results. New mixed-ligand Cu(II) complexes, [Cu(SB)L1–3]ClO 4 , that contain a tridentate NN'O type unsymmetrical Schiff-base main ligand (SB) and a heterocyclic co-ligand (L) (py in (1) , bpy in (2) and phen in (3)) were synthesized and characterized. The SB is the product of 1:1 condensation between 1,3-propanediamine with 2‑hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, which was formed during the template synthesis of complex (1). Complexes (2) and (3) were obtained by the exchange of monodentate py with bidentate bpy or phen, respectively. The crystal structure of (2) was obtained by single-crystal x-ray crystallography (SCXRC). From the crystal structure, (2) is pentacoordinated with square-based pyramidal geometry around Cu(II). The anticancer activity of the complexes was studied against three human carcinoma cell lines. All the complexes showed a potent cytotoxic effect on the Human colorectal (HCT116), lung (A549) and breast (MCF7) cancerous cells that exert their cytotoxicity in a dose and time dependent manner. Among these complexes, (2) had the highest cytotoxicity that made it a promising candidate for developing new anticancer drugs. The IC 50 values for (2) were 4.16, 4.97 and 7.82 μM against A549, MCF7 and HCT116, respectively, after 48 h of incubation. The IC 50 values order were (2) < (1) < (3) in each cell line. Molecular docking studies were also performed on A549 (PDB ID: 4zxt), HCT116 (PDB ID: 3ruk) and MCF-7 (PDB ID: 4zvm) human carcinoma cells' proteins. Based on the estimated free binding energy (EFBE) good correlation was observed with the obtained experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pillared paddle-wheel-based metal-organic framework (MOF) materials are an attractive target as they offer a reliable method for constructing well-defined, multifunctional materials. A drawback of these materials, which has limited their application, is their tendency to form catenated frameworks with little accessible volume. To eliminate this disadvantage, it is necessary to investigate strategies for constructing non-catenated pillared paddle-wheel MOFs. Hydrogen-bonding substituents on linkers have been postulated to prevent catenation in certain frameworks and, in this work, we present a new MOF to further bolster this theory. Using 2,2′-diamino-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid, BPDC-(NH2)2, linkers and dipyridyl glycol, DPG, pillars, we assembled a MOF with pcu topology. The new material is non-catenated, exhibiting large accessible pores and low density. To the best of our knowledge, this material constitutes the pcu framework with the largest pore volume and lowest density. We attribute the lack of catenation to the presence of H-bonding substituents on both linkers.

A new porous metal-organic framework (MOF) [Zn2(ad)2(fmdb)(H2O)](DMF)3 (1, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide) based on zinc(II) ions, biomolecular adenine (Had) and 4,4′-(fluoromethylene)dibenzoic acid (H2fmdb) has been successfully obtained via a one-pot solvothermal reaction. The structural analysis via the single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that compound 1 locates in the monoclinic space group C2/c and demonstrates a three-dimensional channel-type neutral framework. The as-prepared complex 1 exhibits low toxicity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, revealing its potential application in human health care. In light of its nano-sized channel space and good stability in biological buffers solution, the activated compound 1 (1a) has been applied as a carrier for loading the anticancer drug 5-Fu (5-Fluorouracil) though a simple adsorption process. The successful loading of 5-Fu was confirmed by the gas sorption measurement and the loading capacity was determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy, which reveals a drug loading capacity of 44.6 wt%. The drug delivery in the simulated cancerous tissues (pH = 5.0) exhibited a more complete release in comparison with that in the normal tissues (pH = 7.4), demonstrating the compound 1a could be potentially used as a pH-controlled drug delivery carrier. In connection to these, in vitro anticancer activity of 5-Fu loaded 1a was also evaluated using MTT assays against two human cervical cancer cells HeLa and SiHa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two isomorphous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) {[M 2 ( μ 3 -OH)(trz)(sdba)(H 2 O)]·3H 2 O} ∞ (M = Ni for 1 , Zn for 2 , Htrz = 1,2,4-triazole, H 2 sdba = 4,4′-sulfonyldibenzoate) were obtained under the same reaction condition. Both of complexes present a three dimensional 8- c framework with whc1 topology based on M 4 -( μ 3 -OH) units. Moreover, the magnetic properties of 1 and anion sensing of 2 were investigated. The magnetic study show that the domain antiferromagnetic interactions exist in 1 . However, complex 2 can be considered as a promising chemical sensor for detecting PO 4 3¯ by means of fluorescence enhancement among various anions in aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Luminescent iodido copper(I) coordination polymers [Cu 2 I 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 (μ-bpa)] n and [Cu 2 I 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 (μ-bpe)] n were synthesized and their luminescent properties were clarified (bpa: bis(4-pyridyl)ethane, bpe: trans -bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene). By taking advantage of their isomorphous relation, mixed-ligand luminescent coordination polymers [Cu 2 I 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 (bpa) (1- x ) (bpe) x ] n were prepared as solid solutions with various ratio of bpa:bpe. The measurements of their photophysical properties revealed that the mixed-ligand complexes are antenna materials where the bpa and bpe sites serve as the donor and the acceptor sites, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The linker 2,5-di(4-pyridyl)thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole (Dptztz), whose synthesis and structure is described here, was utilized together with benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate (isophthalate, 1,3-BDC2-) for the preparation of the two-dimensional coordination network [Zn(1,3-BDC)Dptztz].DMF (DMF = dimethylformamide) via a solvothermal reaction. Compound [Zn(1,3-BDC)Dptztz].DMF belongs to the class of coordination polymers with interdigitated structure (CIDs). The incorporated DMF solvent molecules can be removed through solvent exchange and evacuation such that the supramolecular 3D packing of the 2D networks retains porosity for CO2 adsorption in activated [Zn(1,3-BDC)Dptztz]. The first sorption study of a tztz-functionalized porous metal-organic framework material yields a BET surface of 417 m2 /g calculated from the CO2 adsorption data. The heat of adsorption for CO2 exhibits a relative maximum with 27.7 kJ/mol at an adsorbed CO2 amount of about 4 cm3/g STP, which is interpreted as a gate-opening effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article covers the structural chemistry of fluoride and mixed-ligand fluoride complexes of gallium(III), discusses more than 140 known crystal structures of anionic fluoride and mixed-ligand fluoride complexes and continues the discussion initiated in previous reviews dedicated to the stereochemistry and structural chemistry of group III-V metals fluoride complexes. Most of these structures have been established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques, but some were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction methods. This paper offers a discussion of the geometry of gallium and outer sphere cation coordination polyhedra, the association of gallium atoms in dimer and polymer formations, types of cationanion interactions, and their contributions in actual three-dimensional crystal structures. The structural information has been compiled in a single table containing phase compositions and the corresponding standard crystallographic data (such as crystal system, space group, unit cell parameters, number of formula units per cell [Z], reliability factors [R1], Ga-F, and Ga-O bond lengths). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micro and nano-structures of a new mixed-ligand Zn(II) fumarate metal-organic polymer, {[Zn(tptz)(fum)].DMF} n ( 1 ), (tptz = 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine, fum = fumarate, DMF = N,N-dimethylforamide), were synthesized by sonochemical method. These new micro and nano-structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. Compound 1 was structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and consists of the primary unit of [Zn(tptz)(fum)]. Self assembly between the units of [Zn(tptz)(fum)] from Zn–O bonds results in the formation of a one-dimensional zinc(II) coordination polymer. The Zn II -ion in compound 1 has ZnO 2 N 3 coordination sphere with a trigonal bipyramidal molecular geometry. Compound 1 was synthesized by ultrasound irradiation under different concentrations and times. The microrods structure of compound 1 with increasing of concentration and ultrasound radiation time were synthesized as nanoparticles structure successfully. So ultrasound radiation change morphology from microrods to nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three novel coordination polymers, [Zn(sdi) 2 (NO 3 )(H 2 O)]·NO 3 ( 1 ), [Zn(sdi) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ]·2NO 3 ( 2 ) and [Zn(sdi) 0.5 (H 2 C 3 O 4 )(H 2 O)] ( 3 ), (sdi = N , N ′-sulfuryldiimidazole) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analyses. These compounds have abundant structural chemistry ranging from zero-dimensional (0D) ( 1 ), one-dimensional (1D) ( 2 ), to three-dimensional (3D) ( 3 ) networks. Compound 1 displays a 0D structure which formed by [Zn(sdi) 2 ] 2 dimers. Compound 2 possesses 1D chain with closed loops. Notably, compound 3 exhibits a 3D (3,4)-connected net with a (6 3 )(6 5 ·8) topology. Interestingly, compounds 1 – 3 were obtained under similar reaction conditions and the structural diversity of these coordination polymers illustrate the remarkable effect of pH on the self-assembling process. Moreover, the fluorescent properties of these compounds have been investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystal structures of isostructural mixed-ligand fluorosulfate complex compounds of indium(III) M[InF(SO)HO] (M = K, NH), formed of K cations, NH respectively, and complex [InF(SO)HO] anions are determined. In the complex anion, the indium atom surrounded by three F atoms, the oxygen atom of the coordinated HO molecule, and two oxygen atoms of the bridging sulfate group forms a slightly distorted octahedron (CN 6). Via alternating bridging SO groups, the polyhedra of In(III) atoms are arranged in polymer chains. The O-H•••F hydrogen bonds organize the chains in a three-dimensional network. The K and NH cations are located in the structure framework and additionally strengthen it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isostructural fluorooxalate complex compounds of indium(III) M[InF(CO)HO] (M = K, Rb), being the first representatives of a new class of mixed-ligand fluoro-containing complex compounds of indium(III) are synthesized and structurally studied for the first time. The crystal structures of M[InF(CO)HO] (M = K, Rb) are formed of K cations (Rb respectively) and complex [InF(CO)HO] anions. The indium atom in the complex anion is surrounded by four F atoms, two of which are bridging, the oxygen atom of the coordinated HO molecule, and two oxygen atoms of the bis-bidentate (tetradentate) oxalate group. The coordination polyhedron of the indium atom (CN 7) is a pentagonal bipyramid. Via alternating double bridging F atoms and tetradentate bridging CO group, the In(III) atom polyhedra are arranged in polymers chains. Via hydrogen O-H⋯F bonds the chains are organized in layers. Between the layers, the K or Rb cations are located, which strengthen the crystal structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]