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Razvojem sve većeg broja uređaja koji se mogu spajati na Internet čime postaju „pametni“ te razvojem platformi za kućnu automatizaciju koje postaju sve jednostavnije za korištenje, očuvanje sigurnosti vlastitog doma od provale i krađe nikad nije bilo jednostavnije i pristupačnije. Takvi pametni uređaji čine Internet stvari, a primjenom ove tehnologije u svojoj kući, ona postaje pametnom kućom. Zbog velike konkurencije pametni uređaji i razni senzori postaju sve pristupačniji cijenom i efikasniji u svom radu, a platforme za automatizaciju doma počinju podržavati sve veći broj različitih uređaja. Razvijenim sustavom pokazano je kako je uz pomoć platforme Home Assistant i pametnih uređaja poput ESP32 razvojne pločice i senzora moguće vrlo jednostavno i učinkovito razviti sigurnosni sustav koji bi zadovoljavao osnovne zahtjeve za zaštitu doma. Platforma Home Assistant omogućuje vrlo jednostavnu izradu automatizacija za detektiranje provale. Omogućuje međusobnu komunikaciju povezanih uređaja tako da mogu zvučnim alarmom upozoriti na detektiranu provalu, iako je vlasnik udaljen od kuće. Platforma također pruža i razne načine za upozorenje korisnika da se dogodila provala, kao što je slanje poruka ili email obavijesti. Thanks to an increasing number of devices that have the ability to connect to the Internet, and thanks to the fact that platforms for home automation are getting simpler to use, it has never been easier to keep our home safe. These smart devices are a part of the Internet of Things technology, that can turn our home into a Smart Home. Because of the competition between manufacturers, smart devices and sensors are becoming cheaper and more efficient. As a result, platforms for home automation are becoming able to work with more and more different devices. The development of a simple home security system has shown how, with the help of the Home Assistant platform and smart devices, such as the ESP32 development board, it is possible to simply and efficiently keep our home safe. The Home Assistant platform makes it very simple to create automation for detecting burglary. The platform makes it possible for connected devices to trigger one another without the need to control them manually. This way, devices can trigger an alarm and warn that a burglary has occurred, even when we are away. Furthermore, the platform has different ways of notifying the owner that someone is trying to break in the house. This can be done, for example, via text messages or via email notifications.

Progresivne web-aplikacije su nova vrsta web-aplikacija koje su nastale kao nadogradnja tradicionalnih web-aplikacija. Zahvaljujući tehnologijama Web App Manifest i Service Worker progresivne web-aplikacije imaju web-responzivni dizajn i osjećaj prirodnih aplikacija. Progresivne web-aplikacije vrlo su praktične za upravljanje podacima generiranih od strane uređaja povezanih u mreži Interneta stvari. Studijskim primjerom prikazana je progresivna web-aplikacija, napravljena korištenjem tehnologija: JavaScript, HTML, CSS i Node.js, koja prima obavijesti generirane automatizacijom pametne kuće pomoću platforme Home Assistant. Generirana obavijest se šalje na poslužitelj koristeći Home Assistant RESTful API, i nakon toga poslužitelj korištenjem tehnologije push obavijesti šalje tu obavijest progresivnoj web-aplikaciji koja tu obavijest prikazuje na svom korisničkom sučelju. Progressive web applications are a new type of web application that has emerged as an upgrade to traditional web applications. Thanks to Web App Manifest and Service Worker technologies, progressive web applications have a web-responsive design and a feel for natural applications. Progressive web applications are very practical for managing data generated by devices connected to the Internet of Things. A case study shows a progressive web application, created using technologies: JavaScript, HTML, CSS and Node.js, which receives notifications generated by smart home automation using the Home Assistant platform. The generated notification is sent to the server using the Home Assistant RESTful API, and then the server uses push notification technology to send that notification to a progressive web application that displays that notification on its user interface.

U ovom radu implementiran je sustav za slanje alarma s platforme Home Assistant na Android aplikaciju. Na početku rada opisana je uloga platformi u mreži Interneta stvari i korištenje Home Assistanta. Nakon toga se razmatraju i uspoređuju različiti načini slanja alarma na aplikaciju. Na kraju prikazuje se dizajn i način implementacije samog sustava, od poslužitelja do Android aplikacije. This thesis implements a system for sending alarms from Home Assistant platform to an Android application. At the beginning, the thesis describes the role of platforms in the Internet of Things network and the use of Home Assistant. After that, different ways of sending alarms to the application are considered and compared. Finally, the design and implementation method of the system itself is shown, from the server to the Android application.

Sustavi temeljeni na konceptu Interneta stvari zasnivaju se na raspodijeljenoj arhitekturi. Arhitekturu takvih sustava čine senzorski uređaji koji se putem mreže spajaju na poslužitelj i šalju zabilježene vrijednosti. Poslužitelj zaprima i obrađuje senzorska mjerenja te ih prezentira korisniku. Na osnovu prezentiranih podataka korisnik može poduzimati određene akcije ili upravljati povezanim uređajima. Zadatak sustava razvijenog u sklopu ovog završnog rada je povezivanje pametnog zvona s Android aplikacijom u vidu slanja „push“ obavijesti na korisnikov mobilni uređaj kada netko pozvoni na pametno zvono. Sustav se sastoji od pametnog zvona, instance Home Assistant platforme, poslužitelja za komunikaciju s Home Assistant platformom, Firebase Cloud Messaging servisa i Android aplikacije. Pametno zvono sastoji se od Arduino Yun pločice i web-kamere. Arduino pločica je povezana s TinkerKit Sensor Shield-om preko kojeg je, na Arduino pločicu, povezan TinkerKit PushButton. TinkerKit PushButton je jednostavni senzorski uređaj na čiji pritisak kreće akcija zvonjenja. Akcija zvonjenja se sastoji od povezivanja s Home Assistant platformom i objavljivanja poruke putem MQTT protokola. Home Assistant je konfiguriran tako da putem MQTT broker-a prima obavijesti o porukama koje pametno zvono objavljuje. Na primitak obavijesti o zvonjenju Home Assistant poslužitelju šalje HTTP POST zahtjev na temelju čijeg sadržaja će poslužitelj kreirati „push“ obavijest i odrediti primatelje kreirane obavijesti. Iz zaprimljenog HTTP POST zahtjeva, poslužitelj izvlači naslov obavijesti, tijelo obavijesti i temu na koju će se obavijest objaviti. Kreiranu obavijest poslužitelj objavljuje na Firebase Cloud Messaging servis na zadanu temu. Firebase Cloud Messaging servis obavijest prosljeđuje uređajima koji su se putem Android aplikacije prijavili za primanje obavijesti s te teme. Otvaranjem pristigle obavijesti, Android aplikacija se povezuje na web-kameru pametnog zvona i dohvaća trenutnu sliku kamere. Systems based on Internet of Things concept rest upon distributed architecture. Architecture of such systems is made of sensor devices which are connected to server and they send values they record to server. Server accepts and processes measures received from sensors and presents that measures to user. Based on presented values user can take some actions or manage connected devices. System developed for this final assignment is made to connect smart doorbell with Android application by sending push notifications to user's mobile phone when someone pushes button on smart doorbell. System is made of smart doorbell, instance of Home Assistant platform, server for communication with Home Assistant, Firebase Cloud Messaging service and Android application. Smart doorbell consists of Arduino Yun board and web-cam. To Arduino board is connected TinkerKit Sensor Shield on which is connected TinkerKit PushButton. TinkerKit PushButton is simple sensor device, push on this button starts action of ringing doorbell. Ringing doorbell action contains two steps, connecting to Home Assistant platform and publishing message via MQTT protocol. Home Assistant is configured to receive messages that smart doorbell publishes to MQTT broker. When Home Assistant receives message that someone have rung doorbell, it sends HTTP POST Request which body will be used by server to get parameters to create push notification and determine who to send created notification. From received HTTP POST Request server gets title of notification, message of notification and topic on which to publish notification. Created notification, server publishes to Firebase Cloud Messaging service to specific topic. Firebase Cloud Messaging service forwards notification to mobile devices which are subscribed to that topic via Android application. When user opens received push notification, Android application connects to smart doorbell's web-cam and fetches current image of web-cam.

Broj pametnih uređaja svake godine sve više raste. Od pojave Interneta stvari pametni uređaji se mogu međusobno povezati, te se između njih mogu prikupljati i dijeliti podaci. Kako bi se pojednostavilo korištenje pametnih uređaja, te se također uštedilo vrijeme i novac, koristi se automatizacija. Razvojem platformi za pametni dom sve se više pametnih uređaja može upariti pomoću kojih se implementira automatizacija. Studijskim primjerom prikazana je automatizacija pametnog doma pomoću platforme Home Assistant. Pomoću platforme integrirani su virtualni pametni uređaji te je automatizacija implementirana pomoću četiri alata za automatizaciju. Alati korišteni u studijskom slučaju su: Home Assistant, Node-RED, AppDaemon i IFTTT. Svaki alat nudi različit način automatizacije te je prikazana jasna razlika u korištenju svakog od alata. Prikaz automatiziranog pametnog doma s virtualnim pametnim uređajima implementiran je u programskom jeziku Java gdje se za prikaz korisničkog grafičkog sučelja koristi API JavaFX. Za slanje poruka o stanju uređaja korišten je protokol MQTT. The number of smart devices is growing every year. Since the advent of the Internet of Things, smart devices can be connected to each other and data can be collected and shared between them. Automation is used to simplify the use of smart devices and also to save time and money. With the development of smart home platforms, more and more smart devices can be connected together to implement automation. A case study shows smart home automation using the Home Assistant platform. The platform integrates virtual smart devices and automation is implemented using four automation tools. The tools used in the study case are: Home Assistant, Node- RED, AppDaemon and IFTTT. Each tool offers a different way of automation and there is a clear difference in the use of each tool. The automated smart home with virtual smart devices is implemented in the Java programming language and the JavaFX API is used to display the graphical user interface. The MQTT protocol was used to send device status messages.

В данной работе исследовалась тема систем управления умным домом, взаимодействия ÑƒÐ¼Ð½Ñ‹Ñ ÑƒÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð¹ÑÑ‚Ð². Цель работы – разработать систему управления умным домом с помощью мобильного приложения и системы автоматизации Home Assistant. В Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ работы, были поставлены следующие задачи: провести анализ ÑÑƒÑ‰ÐµÑÑ‚Ð²ÑƒÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑ‚ÐµÐ¼ управления умным домом, выделить недостатки и преимущества и постараться выбрать оптимальную комбинацию Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ и Ñ Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ðº. Было принято решение за основу взять уже готовую систему автоматизации Home Assistant, распространяемую по лицензии Apache License с открытым Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼ кодом. Ð˜ÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ñ из задач, на первом этапе работы были рассмотрены различные способы взаимодействия устройств умного дома (протоколы передачи Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ñ разными топологиями сетей), системы управления умным домом. Затем была проанализирована актуальность программного продукта, проанализированы исследования и публикации, касающиеся распространения и Ð±ÑƒÐ´ÑƒÑ‰Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ð² развития систем умного дома. Решаемая проблема оказалась крайне актуальной, а разрабатываемый продукт – потенциально востребованным на рынке среди пользователей. По итогам анализа были выбраны наиболее релевантные Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ для использования в разработке системы управления умным домом. В результате работы над ВКРбыл создан программный продукт, отвечающий поставленным требованиям и решающий поставленную задачу. Система включает в себя сервер с установленной в Docker контейнер систему автоматизации Home Assistant, Xiaomi Gateway 3 Zigbee и Bluetooth MASH Hub и мобильное приложение для операционной системы iOS, написанное на языке программирования Swift с использованием фрейемворка UIKit. Была проверена работоспособность полученной системы управления, в Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ проверки выявлены некоторые недостатки. Заключительной частью работы стал анализ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¿ÑƒÑ‚ÐµÐ¹ развития продукта с внедрением Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ¹ÑˆÐ¸Ñ Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ для комфортного использования его в повседневной жизни., In this work, the main topics are smart home control systems and the behavior of smart devices. The purpose of the work is to develop a smart home control system using a mobile application and the Home Assistant automation system. In the work, the following tasks were performed: to analyze the smart home control systems, take advantage of the pros and analyze the pro, try to choose the optimal combination of technologies and characteristics. It was decided to take as a basis the already-made automated Home Assistant system, which is distributed under the Apache License with open-source code. Based on the tasks, at the first stage of work, various tests of smart home devices were conducted (data transfer protocols with different network topologies) and smart home control systems were considered. Then the relevance of the software product was analyzed, studies and publications related to the distribution and development prospects of smart home systems been reviewed. The problem being solved turned out to be extremely urgent, and the peeping product was in high demand in the market among users. Based on the analysis results, the most relevant technologies were selected to be used in the development of a smart home control system. As a result of work on the thesis, a software product was created that meets specified requirements and solves the task. The system includes a server with a Home Assistant automated system container installed in Docker, Xiaomi Gateway 3 Zigbee, Bluetooth MASH Hub, and a mobile application for the iOS operating system, written in the Swift programming language using the UIKit framework. The operability of the resulting control system was checked, and some shortcomings were revealed during the check. The final part of the work is the analysis of ways to develop the product, the introduction of the latest technologies for using it in everyday life.

Smart Home Lösungen sind in der Regel sehr teuer und es gibt kaum Möglichkeiten das Setup anzupassen oder zu individualisieren. Zusätzlich ist man von einem Anbieter abhängig. Home Assistant ist eine Open Source Heimautomatisierungsplattform, die lokal im eigenen Haus betrieben werden kann. Diese Lösung ermöglicht die Integration von Internet of Things (IoT)-Geräten die von unterschiedlichen Herstellern stammen. Des Weiteren sind die Anpassungsmöglichkeiten sehr vielfältig. Heutzutage ist es üblich, dass Smart Speaker und die integrierten Sprachassistenten zur Steuerung des Smart Homes verwendet werden. Jedoch muss den Benutzerinnen und Benutzern bewusst sein, dass persönliche Daten in der Cloud gespeichert werden können. Um ein sicheres und zuverlässiges Smart Home Setup zu betreiben, sollten die zu verwendenden IoT-Geräte und die Konfigurationen genauer betrachtet werden. Dies setzt jedoch technisches Wissen voraus. Diese Arbeit soll einen guten Überblick über die Anpassungsmöglichkeiten in Home Assistant geben. Des Weiteren wird diskutiert welche Konfigurationsschritte zu einem sicheren Smart Home Setup beitragen. Darüber hinaus wird erläutert, ob gängige Sprachassistenten wie Amazon‘s Alexa, Google Assistant oder Apple‘s Siri die gleiche Funktionalität bieten wie Open Source Sprachassistenten. In dieser Arbeit werden verschiedene praktische Lösungen vorgestellt, die zur Beantwortung der wissenschaftlichen Fragen dienen sollen. Das Setup von Home Assistant, diverse Anpassungen und Erweiterungen, der sichere entfernte Zugriff und die Integration von diversen IoT-Geräten wird in dieser Arbeit behandelt. Zusätzlich wird ein lokaler Sprachassistent installiert und dessen Funktionalität mit einem cloudbasierten verglichen. Die Ergebnisse der praktischen Umsetzungen rund um Home Assistant zeigen, dass Geräte verschiedener Hersteller ohne Einschränkungen integriert und gemeinsam genutzt werden können. Weiters zeigt der Vergleich der Sprachassistenten, dass ein lokaler Sprachassistent zwar sicherer ist, aber weniger Funktionalität bietet, da internetbasierte Aktionen nicht möglich sind. Zusätzlich müssen sich Benutzerinnen und Benutzer bei der Verwendung dieses lokalen Sprachassistenten die genaue Formulierung der konfigurierten Befehle merken. Darüber hinaus kann die Einrichtung eines lokalen Sprachassistenten im Vergleich zu einem cloudbasierten sehr teuer werden. Die Ergebnisse der praktischen Umsetzungen zeigen, dass Benutzerinnen und Benutzer maßgeblich zur Sicherheit des Smart Home beitragen können. Diese hängt hauptsächlich von der richtigen Konfiguration ab, also vom technischen Wissen der Benutzerinnen und Benutzer. Auch hängt die Sicherheit von den verwendeten Geräten ab und wie ernst die Hersteller Sicherheitsprobleme nehmen. Die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse dieser Untersuchungen sind, dass Home Assistant viele Möglichkeiten und Chancen für eine individuelle Einrichtung bietet. Es wird jedoch nicht empfohlen, ein Open Source Smart Home ohne technische Kenntnisse einzurichten, da die Sicherheitsaspekte nicht zu unterschätzen sind. Benutzerinnen und Benutzer, die Sprachassistenten verwenden, aber auch ihre Daten schützen wollen, sollten einen lokalen Sprachassistenten in Erwägung ziehen, da die personenbezogenen Daten lokal verarbeitet und gespeichert werden. Smart home solutions are usually very expensive, the possibilities to customize those solutions are rather rare and the customer is dependent on the vendor. Home Assistant, which is an open source home automation platform, can run in-house on a local server, provides many possibilities to customize the smart home and allows to integrate various Internet of Things (IoT) devices from different vendors. Nowadays, it is very common to use smart speakers and the integrated voice assistants to control the smart home, but the end user must be aware of the fact that personal data may be stored in the cloud without them knowing it. In order to have a secure and reliable setup, IoT devices need to be examined in more detail. This requires technical knowledge. This thesis aims to provide a good overview of the customization possibilities in Home Assistant. It also shows which configuration steps contribute to a secure installation. Furthermore, it is figured out if open source voice assistants provide the same functionality as common voice assistants like Amazon’s Alexa, Google Assistant or Apple’s Siri. In this thesis various practical solutions are provided to answer the scientific questions. The setup of the smart home including customizations, secure remote access, and the integration of the IoT devices is presented in this thesis. Moreover, a local voice assistant is installed, and its functionality is compared with a cloud-based one. The results of the practical implementations concerning Home Assistant show that devices from different companies can be integrated and used together without any limitations. Furthermore, the comparison of the voice assistants shows that a local voice assistant is more secure but lacks in functionality, because interned-based actions are not possible, and the user must remember the actual wording for the configured commands when using the local one. Additionally, a reliable setup of a local voice assistant can become very expensive compared to the cloud-based one. The overall results of the practical implementations show that the user can contribute significantly to the security of the smart home. Security mostly depends on the correct configuration, hence the technical knowledge of the user. It also depends on which devices are used and how seriously manufacturer take security issues. The main conclusions drawn from this research are that Home Assistant provides many possibilities and chances for a customized setup, but it is not recommended to set up an open source smart home without technical knowledge. The security aspects should not be underestimated. Users aiming to protect their data when using voice assistants should take a local one into consideration, because the personal data is processed and stored locally. Miriam Grainer Masterarbeit Graz, Fachhochschule Joanneum 2021

U ovom završnom radu prikazan je razvoj programskog i hardverskog rješenja za automatizaciju i upravljanje pametnim domom. Napravljena je analiza proizvoda dostupnih na tržištu, a cilj je bio maknuti sve mane koje su prisutne kod plug n play rješenja. Prikazana je instalacija softvera na potrebni hardver i sama izrada korisničkog sučelja za upravljanje. Softversko rješenje izvedeno je platformom otvorenog koda Home Assistant pomoću koje je izrađeno i web sučelje odnosno web aplikacija. Web aplikaciju moguće je zrcaliti na sve uređaje na lokalnoj mreži pomoću običnog internetskog preglednika ili aplikacije za pametni telefon. Omogućeno je da svaki pametni uređaj na mreži može upravljati okruženjem pametnog doma ako ima dozvolu od administratora. Temelj završnog rada je koncept sveprisutnog računarstva u softverskom inženjerstvu i računalnim znanostima, gdje se računarstvo pojavljuje bilo gdje. This master thesis presents development of application and hardware solution for automation and management of smart home. Analysis of products available in the market has been performed, and the objective was to remove all defects present in plug n play solutions. Installation of software on required hardware and production of user interface control are presented. The software solution is performed using the Home Assistant source code platform, used also to develop web interface, web application respectively. The web application can be mirrored on all devices in local network by means of a common internet browser or smartphone application. Every smart device is enabled to control the smart home environment if authorized by the administrator. The foundation of the master thesis is the concept of the ubiquitous computing in software engineering and computer sciences, where computing is made to appear everywhere.

В данной работе исследуется система управления домашней автоматизацией на базе одноплатного компьютера Raspberry Pi 4. Были рассмотрены и проработаны система автоматизации освещения, система регулировки температуры, система оповещения Ð°Ð²Ð°Ñ€Ð¸Ð¹Ð½Ñ‹Ñ ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÑƒÐ°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¹. Был произведен выбор устройств и Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ñ„Ð¸Ð³ÑƒÑ€Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ для реализации системы. В Ñ€Ð°Ð¼ÐºÐ°Ñ Ñ€Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ‚Ñ‹ был спроектирован интерфейс для управления системой. Был разработан демонстрационный стенд, показывающий работу систем автоматизированного освещения. Успешно проведено тестировании системы в Ñ€Ð°Ð¼ÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÑ‚ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°., In this work, a project was developed for a centralized home automation control system based on a single-board computer Raspberry Pi 4. A lighting automation system, a temperature control system, and an emergency notification system were considered and developed. The selection of devices and their configuration for the implementation of the system was made. As part of the work, an interface for managing the system was designed. A demonstration stand was developed to demonstrate the operation of automated lighting systems. The system was successfully tested within the framework of the stand.

[EN] In present-day in consumers' homes, there are millions of Internet-connected devices that are known to jointly represent the Internet of Things (IoT). The development of the IoT industry has led to the emergence of connected devices and home assistants that create smart living environments. However, the continuously generated data accumulated by these connected devices create security issues and raise user's privacy concerns. The present study aims to explore the main security issues in smart living environments using data mining techniques. To this end, we applied a three-sentence data mining analysis of 9,38,258 tweets collected from Twitter under the user-generated data (UGD) framework. First, sentiment analysis was applied using Textblob which was tested with support vector classifier, multinomial naive bayes, logistic regression, and random forest classifier; as a result, the analyzed tweets were divided into those expressing positive, negative, and neutral sentiment. Next, a Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm was applied to divide the sample into topics related to security issues in smart living environments. Finally, the insights were extracted by applying a textual analysis process in Python validated with the analysis of frequency and weighted percentage variables and calculating the statistical measure known as mutual information (MI) to analyze the identified n-grams (unigrams and bigrams). As a result of the research 10 topics were identified in which we found that the main security issues are malware, cybersecurity attacks, data storing vulnerabilities, the use of testing software in IoT, and possible leaks due to the lack of user experience. We discussed different circumstances and causes that may affect user security and privacy when using IoT devices and emphasized the importance of UGC in the processing of personal data of IoT device users., In gratitude to the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spain and the European Regional Development Fund: RTI2018-096295-B-C22.

Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je bio razviti, implementirati i detaljno ispitati sustav pametne kuće. Naglasak je stavljen na kvalitetu sustava stoga su pri izradi korištene industrijske platforme. Sustav je izgrađen u slojevitoj arhitekturi, gdje svaki sloj iznad predstavlja višu razinu apstrakcije i veću domenu djelovanja. Na najvišem sloju se nalazi Raspberry Pi 4 mikroprocesor na kojeg je instalirana klijentska aplikacija Home Assistant za uvid i kontrolu nad sustavom. Srednji sloj predstavlja Controllino Mega, industrijska inačica Arduino Mega mikrokontrolera. Controllino očitava vrijednosti senzora i mijenja stanja releja i slično. Donji sloj predstavljaju kućanski uređaji kojima Controllino upravlja: rasvjetna tijela, ventilatori, rolete i tako dalje. Komunikacija između Controllina i Raspbery Pi se obavlja MQTT protokolom, dok se temperatura i vlaga očitavaju sa senzora koristeći Modbus protokol. Precizno upravljanje grijanjem se vrši implementiranim PID kontrolerom. Za potrebe diplomskog rada izrađena je maketa u koju je instaliran ovakav sustav. The goal of this master thesis was to develop, implement and extensively test a smart home system. Focusing on the quality of the system, industrial platforms were used. The system was built upon an architecture in layers, where top layer represents the highest apstraction and the biggest working domain. On the top layer is a Raspberry Pi 4 microprocessor with the client app called Home Assistant installed on it. The app is used for user monitoring and control. The middle layer is represented by Controllino Mega – industrial version of Arduino Mega. Controllino reads sensor values and changes relay states. On the bottom layer are home appliances which are controlled by Controllino, like light bulbs, fans, window covers, etc. Controllino and Raspberry Pi communicate with eachother using MQTT protocol, while the temperature and humidity is read from sensors using the Modbus protocol. Precise heating control is accomplished using the implemented PID controller. A small scale model has been built for testing purposes.

Da bi pametna kuća bila "pametna" potrebna je određena razina autonomije i "pametnog" upravljanja energijom. Autonomija je izvedena PI regulatorom koji upravlja grijanjem i hlađenjem prostorije. Također, PI regulator može se smatrati i mjerom štednje energije zbog svoje povratne veze odnosno zato što na svaku promjenu reagira postupno i izbjegava nepotrebno korištenje maksimalne snage uređaja. Za implementaciju korišteni su Home Assistant instaliran na Raspberry Pi 4, 2 M5Stacka i 2 Croduina NOVA2. Uređaji su podijeljeni na razine ovisno o ulozi: na najnižoj razini nalaze se Croduini NOVA2 kao sučelja s fizičkim uređajima. Na srednjoj razini nalaze se M5Stackovi koji nude grafičko korisničko sučelje i mogućnost podešavanja parametara pametne kuće (npr. ciljana temperatura zraka). Na najvišoj razini nalazi se Home Asistant čija je uloga povezivanje komponenata druge i treće razine, ali ima i mogućnost nadjačavanja upravljanja koje nude M5Stackovi na svojoj drugoj razini. Svi uređaji povezani su WiFi-jem u lokalnu mrežu i komuniciraju protokolom MQTT. In order to achive the "smartness" of a smart home, a certain level of autonomy and "smart" energy management are required. The autonomy is implemented using PI regulation which is in control of heating and cooling a room. Furthermore, PI regulator can also be interpreted as a measure for saving energy as it reacts to each temperature change gradually and tries to avoid unneccessary usage of heating or cooling device power. Home Assistant installed on a Raspberry Pi 4 paired with two M5Stacks and two Croudino NOVA2s were used to implement the system. The devices were divided into layers based on their role in the whole system: the lowest layer is represented by the Croudino NOVA2s which are the systems interfaces with physical devices. The middle layer is represented by two M5Stacks which offer a graphical user interface that enables the user to set the smart home parameters (e.g. target room temperature). The top layer is represented by Home Assistant which is in charge of enabling the lower two levels to communicate, but it also has the ability to override the middle layers control. All the mentioned devices are connected over Wi-Fi in a local network and use MQTT protocol to communicate.

Tehnologija pametne kuće jedna je od rastućih tehnologija u svijetu Internet stvari i tehnologije općenito. Home Assistant je jedna od popularnih platformi za koncept pametne kuće i u radu je prikazano njeno korištenje na računalu Raspberry Pi. Sustav implementira praćenje dvaju pametnih uređaja prikazanih na karti, temperaturu CPU-a korištenjem implementiranog senzora komandne linije te razne podatke integriranog uređaja iPhone. Osim raznih mogućnosti platforme, jako bitan je sustav autentifikacije korisnika i upravljanje registriranih uređaja. The smart home technology is one of the most growing technologies in the world of Internet of Things and technology generally. Home Assistant is popular platform for smart home conception and here it is developed on the Raspberry Pi computer. The system implements device tracking of two smart devices showing them on the map, CPU temperature with implemented command sensor for temperature and various data of the integrated mobile device iPhone. Except the platform's possibilities, very important is the system of the authentication and the managing of the registered devices.

V diplomskem delu smo obravnavali izdelavo pogovornega bota oz. asistenta za komunikacijo s sistemom pametne hiše. Na začetku dela smo opisali trenutno stanje avtomatizacije domov ter predstavili, kaj sploh je pogovorni bot, njihovo zgodovino in uporabo pogovornih botov danes. Nadaljevali smo s predstavitvijo spletne platforme IBM Cloud. To je platforma podjetja IBM, kjer podjetje svojim strankam ponuja oblačne storitve. Nekatere storitve so na voljo tudi v brezplačnih različicah in ena izmed teh je IBM Watson Assistant, ki smo ga uporabili za izdelavo pogovornega bota. To je storitev, ki uporabnikom omogoča izgradnjo in uporabo pogovornega bota in je podrobneje predstavljena v nadaljevanju dokumenta. Sledila je še predstavitev načrtovanja hišnega asistenta, kjer smo predstavili samo idejo in opisali namišljen objekt oz. hišo, za upravljanje katerega/katere smo izdelali pogovorni bot. V naslednjem delu smo opisali potek izdelave pogovornega bota, njegove glavne sestavne dele, način programiranja in izzive, s katerim smo se soočili pri programiranju. Na koncu smo predstavili še ugotovitve, in sicer na nivoju pravilnosti delovanja izdelanega asistenta, njegove robustnosti, dejanske uporabnosti pri uporabi za komunikacijo z zalednim sistemom pametne hiše in možnosti za nadaljnji razvoj rešitve. In this thesis, we discussed creation of chatbot assistant for communication with smart-house's backend system. At the beginning, we described home automatisation as-is situation, introduced chatbots in general, described their history and use of chatbots today. We continued with introduction of IBM Cloud platform. IBM Cloud is IBM's platform, where company is offering their clients their cloud-based services. Some of those services are also offered in Lite plans (free versions). One of those is Watson Assistant, which we have used to build our chatbot. Watson Assistant is cloud service that enables users to create and use chatbot. The assistant is further presented in detail later in the thesis. Following part of the thesis is presentation of our home assistant planning, where we presented the idea of home assistant and described how chatbot is positioned within complete home assistant solution. Later we also presented programming process, it's main components, programming method and challenges we faced during the programming. At the end we also described key findings, both at the level of chatbot's correctness of understanding user's inputs and actual usability for communication between home assistant and backend system. We also discussed ways for further improvement and development of our built chatbot.

[ES] Este proyecto consiste en el desarrollo de un ecosistema que permita realizar un seguimiento de las cargas de consumo eléctrico en una vivienda inteligente. Disponemos de un frigorífico, un aire acondicionado, una lámpara, un calentador de agua y un horno conectado cada uno a un dispositivo inteligente que recoge el consumo de la carga y su estado ON/OFF. El usuario será capaz de elegir entre tres modelos de consumo diferentes: económico, energético o comfort. Cada modelo desconectará o conectará estos dispositivos dependiendo de lo que se especifique, que va en función de la hora en la que la carga esté activa y del consumo de esta. Para implementarlo se utilizará un servidor de acceso gratuito y libre denominado HOME ASSISTANT, que se encontrará dentro de una máquina virtual en un dispositivo WINDOWS que se estará ejecutando en todo momento. Se desarrollará también la metodología de la aplicación a utilizar por el usuario para la elección del modelo y cómo se implementa su conexión con el servidor., [EN] This project consists of developing an ecosystem that allows monitoring the electricity consumption loads in an intelligent home. There is a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a lamp, a water heater, and a furnace each one connected to an intelligent device that collects the load's consumption and its state ON/OFF. The user will be able to choose between three different consumption models: economic, energy or comfort. Each model will disconnect or connect these devices depending on what was specified in that model, this is in relation to the time in which the charge is active and its consumption. To deploy it, a free access server called HOME ASSISTANT will be implemented, which will be located inside a virtual machine in a WINDOWS device that will always be running. The methodology of the user's application will also be developed for the selection of a model and how its connection to the server will be implemented.

[ES] En este trabajo se pretende conseguir la integración de un sistema domótico existente basado en el protocolo X10, en una plataforma de código abierto, como Home Assistant u otras alternativas. De esta forma se conseguirá ampliar notablemente las capacidades de este sistema con nuevas funcionalidades como: interoperabilidad con otros dispositivos y sistemas domóticos no basados en X10 de distintos fabricantes, un interfaz de manejo y configuración más elaborado, posibilidad de uso de sistemas de reglas IFTTT, entre otras. Para ello deberá completarse la instalación de la plataforma escogida, preferiblemente en el propio controlador del sistema actual, y desarrollar e incorporarle los componentes necesarios para permitirle interactuar con el sistema X10 a través de la pasarela disponible., [CA] En aquest treball es pretén és aconseguir la integració d’un sistema domòtic existent basat en el protocol X10, en una plataforma de codi obert, com Home Assistant o altres alternatives. D’aquesta forma s’aconseguirà ampliar notablement les capacitats d’aquest sistema amb noves funcionalitats com la interoperabilitat amb altres dispositius i sistemes domòtics no basats en X10 de diferents fabricadors, una interfície de maneig i configuració més elaborat, possibilitat d’us de sistemes de regles IFTTT, entre altres. Per a això haurà de completar-se la instal·lació de la plataforma triada, preferiblement en el propi controlador del sistema actual, i desenvolupar i incorporar-li els components necessaris per a permetre-li interactuar amb el sistema X10 a través de la passarel·la disponible., [EN] This work aims to achieve the integration of an existing home automation system based on the X10 protocol, in an open source platform, such as Home Assistant or another alternatives. In this way, it will be possible to significantly expand the capabilities of this system with new functionalities such as: interoperability with other devices and home automation systems not based on X10 from different manufacturers, a more elaborate management and configuration interface, possibility of using IFTTT rule systems, among others. To do this, it will be necessary to install the platform, preferably in the controller of the current system, and develop and incorporate the necessary components to allow the application to interact with the X10 system through the available gateway.

U radu se opisuje Raspberry Pi mikroračunalo i Home Assistant koji služi za upravljanje i nadgledanje uređaja spojenih na njega čime postižemo pametnu kuću te instalacija Home Assistant-a na mikroračunalo i njegova prilagodba za komunikaciju s mikrokontrolerom putem MQTT protokola preko interneta. Kao uređaje koje nadziremo uzeli smo BME280, senzor kakvoće zraka, MCP9808 precizni senzor za mjerenje temperature i kao dodatna mogućnost uzeli smo relej za upravljanje uređajem po želji kojima je potrebno upravljati NodeMCU mikrokontrolerom radi očitavanja informacija i slanja ih Home Assistant-u. Za slanje informacija koristi se MQTT protokol koji je baziran na šalji/pretplati se načinu rada. Za samo nadgledanje podataka sa senzora koristimo Home Assistant korisničko web sučelje.

Aquest projecte tracta sobre la privacitat i la seguretat dels dispositius connectats a internet. Cada cop més ens trobem rodejats d'ells i els hi entreguem les nostres dades a canvi d'uns serveis de poca utilitat. En aquest document es parla específicament de l'assistent personal d'Amazon, el Echo Dot v3. Veurem quina quantitat d'informació obté de nosaltres i com un atacant podria obtenir-la. Finalment veurem com podem evitar aquests escenaris i la importància de conscienciar a la població en una època de revolució tecnològica. This project talks about the privacy and security of the smart devices. Moreover, we are surrounded with them and we give our personal information to a service not so useful. In this paper we will discuss more specifically the home assistant by Amazon, the Echo Dot v3. We will see which information is obtained from us and how an attacker could get it. Finally, it will be discussed how we can prevent these scenarios and the importance to conscience the people in an era of technologic revolution.

Darba mērķis ir izstrādāt lietu interneta platformas arhitektūru, kura nodrošina daudzlietotāju atbalstu, ir viegli uzstādāma no galalietotāju skatupunkta, un kuru ir iespējams piedāvāt potenciāliem lietotājiem kā pakalpojumu, parūpējoties par tās uzstādīšanu un uzturēšanu. Darba gaitā ir veikts OpenHAB un Home Assistant lietu interneta platformu funkcionalitāšu apskats, salīdzinājums un to piemērotības izvērtējums daudzlietotāju arhitektūras izveidošanai. Darba rezultātā ir izveidots Home Assistant platformas arhitektūras risinājums, kurš ļauj veikt vienkāršu sākotnējo platformas uzstādīšanu, nodrošina daudzlietotāju atbalstu, izmantojot vairākas platformas instances vienā resursdatorā, un parūpējas par lietotāju datu drošību., The main goal of this paper is to create Internet of Things architecture which provides multiuser support, is easy to setup from end user perspective and which can be provided to potential clients as a service by taking care of platform setup and maintenance. During paper, the Home Assistant and OpenHAB Internet of Things platform functionality has been mutually reviewed and compared. An evaluation has been created to find out which platform is the most suitable for multiuser environment. As a result of the paper Home Assistant platform architecture solution which allows to perform easy initial setup of platform, supports multiuser environment using multiple instances of platform and takes care of user data security was created.

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Empleando software libre se ha diseñado un sistema de control remoto capaz de gestionar en tiempo real la cámara de curación de una quesería artesana. Los datos se muestran de manera gráfica a través de una interfaz de usuario, con el fin de facilitar su análisis ante posibles anomalías en la instalación. El diseño del sistema de control incluye diferentes automatizaciones con el fin de mejorar la climatización, notificar anomalías en tiempo real o ahorrar energía., A remote control system for real time management of the curing chamber of an artisan cheese factory has been designed in this thesis. Free software has been used for this purpose. The obtained data are shown in a graphic user interface, enabling its analysis to determine possible malfunctions in the installation. Automations have been included in the control system to improve the air conditioning of the installation, notify anomalies in real time and enhance the energy efficiency of the factory., Grado en Ingeniería Electrónica de Comunicaciones

V magistrskem delu je predstavljen sistem pametnega domovanja, krmiljen s pomočjo odprtokodne platforme Home Assistant. Sistem je razdeljen na medsebojno neodvisne podsisteme namenjene nadzoru in upravljanju, osvetlitvi, ogrevanju, multimediji in senčenju. Integrirano spremljanje in krmiljenje domovanja lahko poteka na daljavo s pomočjo osebnega računalnika, mobilnega telefona ali z glasovnimi ukazi v slovenskem jeziku. Predstavljena je izdelava prilagodljive osvetlitve Hyperion Ambilight ter njena integracija v sistem. Za dviganje in spuščanje senčil je zasnovan sistem s servomotorjem in mikrokrmilnikom. Vsi podsistemi so povezani s pomočjo platforme Home Assistant, ki se izvaja na mikroračunalniku Raspberry Pi 3. Pametno domovanje je uspešno realizirano in demonstrirano v stanovanjskem objektu. The master's thesis presents smart home system, controlled by an open-source platform Home Assistant. The system is divided into independent subsystems designed for monitoring and control, lightning, heating, multimedia and shading. Integrated monitoring and control of a smart home can be done remotely from a personal computer, a mobile phone or via voice control in Slovenian language. Hyperion Ambilight adaptive lightning and its integration into the system is presented. A system for controlling the blinds is designed based on an electric servomotor and a microcontroller. The independent subsystems are connected by the Home Assistant platform running on Raspberry Pi 3. Smart home is successfully implemented and demonstrated in a home apartment.

Sustav pametne kuće realiziran je koristeći mikroprocesor Raspberry PI3 i mikrokontroler NodeMCU. Raspberry PI radi na operacijskom sustavu Linux i služi kao poslužitelj za aplikaciju Home Assistant. Home Assistant je aplikacija otvorenog koda namijenjena za izradu vlastitog sustava pametne kuće. Funkcionalnost aplikacije se dodaje izmjenom konfiguracijske datoteke Home Assistant aplikacije, a na nju se povezuju uređaji koji su dio sustava pametne kuće, kao i korisnički uređaji. Moduli koji čine sustav su temperaturni modul, koji mjeri temperaturu i vlagu i modul za nadzor potrošnje električne energije koji mjeri struju i napon izvora na koji je priključen. Svi moduli komuniciraju bežično putem Wi-Fi veze koristeći MQTT protokol. Moduli su bazirani na NodeMCU mikrokontroleru koji se programira kroz Arduino okruženje. Moduli periodički očitavaju senzore i podatke šalju centralnoj upravljačkoj jedinici, Raspberry PI-ju, sa koje korisnik može očitavati stanje senzora u kući. Smart home system is based on Raspberry PI3 microprocessor and NodeMCU microcontroller. Raspberry PI is running Linux operating system with Home Assistant application installed, which acts like a server. Home Assistant is an open-source application which is used for implementing personal smart home systems. Adding functionality to Home Assistant is done by modifying configuration file. Devices that are a part of smart home system are connecting to Home Assistant, including user devices like smartphones or laptops. System consists of temperature module for temperature and humidity measurements and energy consumption module user for measuring current and voltage of wall socket. Communication is done wirelessly using Wi-Fi technology and MQTT protocol. Modules are based on NodeMCU microcontroller which is programmed in Arduino IDE. Modules periodically take readings which are then being send to central unit, Raspberry PI, where data is displayed for users.