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A dysprosium(iii) single-ion magnet (SIM) was used as a building block for the construction of dinuclear lanthanide single-molecule magnets (SMMs).

Three different sets of isomorphous dinuclear Gd/Dy complexes with an uncommon macrocyclic ligand and β-diketonate co-ligands were reported in which Dy2 analogues are zero field SMMs.

A new cobalt-catalyzed hydroazidation of 1-aryl-1,3-dienes by using TMSN3 as a nucleophilic azide source under mild conditions has been reported, leading to the synthesis of a wide range of allylic azides with moderate to good yields.

A novel bis-bidentate nitronyl nitroxide radical based on triazolopyrimidine, NIT-2-TrzPm (NIT-2-TrzPm = (2-(2’-triazolopyrimidine)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-oxy-3-oxide)) and six new transition metal complexes of this ligand, namely [M(hfac)2(NIT-2-TrzPm)]·CH2Cl2 (M = Mn (1Mn) and Co...

To achieve highly efficient electromagnetic wave absorber, elaborately designing magnetic–dielectric Co@TiO2 microspheres with core–shell configuration are successfully constructed through a facile sequential process of liquid phase reduction–sol–gel–annealing. Owing to the core–shell configuration and the synergistic effect among magnetic and dielectric components, the annealed sample shows outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) in X and Ku band. Impressively, a maximum reflection loss (RLmax) is reached –56.6 dB at a coating thickness of 2.3 mm with corresponding effective absorption bandwidth (EAB10) of 7.2 GHz (including 65% of Ku band and 82.5% of X band), much stronger than those of as-prepared Co (EAB10 of 1.6 GHz, RLmax of 14.6 dB) and pristine Co@TiO2 (EAB10 of 2.9 GHz, RLmax of 16.3 dB). An EAB10 covering completely the whole X and Ku band could be obtained by controlling the thickness only from 2.0 mm to 2.5 mm. The composites have both outstanding RL and wide EAB10 with the thin coating thickness, reinforcing that fabricating core–shell configuration composites is an efficient strategy to boost the EMA efficiency.

The mesoscopic solution-state aggregation plays a dominant role in the multilevel self-assembly of conjugated polymers. However, its effect on solid-state microstructures and the electrical perform...

Clinoptilolite and sodium polyacrylate (Na-PAA) were used as water-retaining agents to improve the water-holding capacity of compacted clay cover (CCC). The optimum moisture content and Atterberg limits of the CCC modified by clinoptilolite and Na-PAA were studied. The soil–water characteristic curve (SWCC) of the CCC modified by clinoptilolite and Na-PAA was studied. The mesostructure of the CCC was analyzed by polarized light microscopy. The test results show that: (1) the optimum moisture content and liquid limit of the CCC modified by clinoptilolite and Na-PAA increased, while the maximum dry density decreased; (2) the SWCC of the CCC modified by clinoptilolite and Na-PAA shifts to the upper right, and the volume moisture content of modified CCC is higher than that of unmodified CCC under the same matrix suction; (3) compared with the unmodified CCC, the air-entry value (AEV) of the clinoptilolite-modified CCC increased by 65.18% at most, and the AEV of the further modified CCC with Na-PAA in-creased by about two times; and (4) the flocculation structure and porosity of modified CCC decreased, and the porosity was distributed uniformly.

This paper describes a catalytic asymmetric Staudinger-aza-Wittig reaction of (

To analyze and sum up clinical application regularities of Chengshan (BL57) acupoint in ancient Chinese literature.The bookA total of 196 articles meeting our inclusion standards of the present study, involving 61 ancient books which contain 174 related terms covering 56 diseases or syndromes of internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, ophthalmology and otorhinola-ryngology, etc.. Among them, the most frequently attending disease treated by single BL57 or acupoints combination was limb meridian disorders, and the most frequently used auxiliary acupoint was Kunlun (BL60). The most frequently used auxiliary meridian was the Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang. In addition, a total of 71 terms involved the acupuncture and moxibustion techniques of BL57, covering 7 treatment methods. In terms of the treatment methods, the dose of moxibustion was five cones in each session, and the depth of acupuncture needle insertion was about seven fen.BL57 is widely used in various clinical departments, especially for limb meridian diseases.

Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is a traditional chinese medicine (TCM) with active substances such as saponins and polysaccharides, The most abundant active ingredient is astragalus polysaccharides (APS). It is a natural extract with multiple activities such as anti-viral, anti-tumor and the immune-enhancing effects. In recent years, studies on the role of APS in immunomodulatory direction have been increasing, and numerous studies have shown that APS has a better immune enhancing effect. This paper outlines the immunomodulatory effects of APS in terms of immune cells, nonspecific immunity, anti-viral immunity, anti-tumor effects, and applications in animal production, which would provide a base for the further applications of APS. Herein, this current review intends to describe the immunomodulatory effects of APS with underlying mechanisms of therapeutic effects.

The role of solution aggregates on the charge transport process of conjugated polymers in electronic devices has gained increasing attention; however, the correlation of the charge carrier mobilities between the solution aggregates and the solid-state films remains elusive. Herein, three polymers, FBDOPV-2T, FBDOPV-2F2T, and FBDOPV-4F2T, are designed and synthesized with distinct aggregation behavior in solution. By combining contact-free ultrafast terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and field-effect transistor measurements, we track the charge carrier mobility of the aggregates of these polymers from the solution to the thin-film state. Remarkably, the mobility of these three polymers is found to follow nearly the same trend (FBDOPV-2T>FBDOPV-2F2T≫FBDOPV-4F2T) in both solutions and thin-film states. The quantitative mobility correlation indicates that the charge transport properties of solution aggregates play a critical role in determining the thin-film charge transport properties and final device performance. Our results highlight the importance of investigating and controlling solution aggregation structures towards efficient organic electronic devices.

Two series of lanthanide complexes of two imidazole-substituted nitronyl nitroxide biradicals have been synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an acute respiratory inflammation that has emerged worldwide since December 2019, and it quickly became a global epidemic. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammatory diseases whose etiology has not been elucidated. The two have many overlapping symptoms in clinical presentation, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, pneumonia, etc. Imbalance of the autoimmune system in IBD patients and long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs may increase the risk of infection; and systemic symptoms caused by COVID-19 may also induce or exacerbate intestinal inflammation. It has been found that the SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2, which is highly expressed in the lung and intestine, is an inflammatory protective factor, and is downregulated and upregulated in COVID-19 and IBD, respectively, suggesting that there may be a coregulatory pathway. In addition, the immune activation pattern of COVID-19 and the cytokine storm in the inflammatory response have similar roles in IBD, indicating that the two diseases may influence each other. Therefore, this review aimed to address the following research questions: whether SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to the progression of IBD; whether IBD increases the risk of COVID-19 infection and poor prognosis; possible common mechanisms and genetic cross-linking between the two diseases; new treatment and care strategies for IBD patients, and the feasibility and risk of vaccination in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic.

On the basis of previous studies, this study prepared and evaluated microemulsion gel loading enriched ingredients of Epimedii Folium and investigated its protective effect against peripheral nervous system damage caused by chemotherapeutics. The preparation method and the type and dosage of the matrix were investigated from rheology, preparation difficulty, and drug loading. Then the optimal prescription was determined and the microemulsion gel loading enriched ingredients of Epimedii Folium was prepared. The in vitro release and transdermal behaviors of the gel were investigated in the Franz diffusion cell with epimedin A1,A,B,C, and icariin as evaluation indicators. The oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy(OIPN) model was established in Wistar rats. The protective effect of the microemulsion gel loading enriched ingredients of Epimedii Folium against peripheral nervous system damage caused by chemotherapeutics was evaluated by behavioral measurement after drug administration and histopathological examination of dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerve. The preparation process of the microemulsion gel loading enriched ingredients of Epimedii Folium was stable, and the release of the five components was consistent with the Hixson-Crowell cube root law. Behavioral indicators intuitively showed that the drug could effectively relieve mechanical allodynia caused by oxaliplatin. The histopathological examination showed that the drug can improve neuron damage in the dorsal root ganglia, axon degeneration, and demyelination caused by oxaliplatin. Therefore, the preparation process of the microemulsion gel loading enriched ingredients of Epimedii Folium is feasible, which can achieve stable drug release. It has a certain therapeutic effect on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy(CIPN).

The water inrush risk assessment of coal floor after coalbed methane (CBM) development is very important in the theoretical and practical study of safe coal mining. In this study, Chengzhuang coal mine is used as an example to evaluate the water inrush risk of the Ordovician aquifer in coal seam No.15 after the CBM development using the fractal-AHP-vulnerability index (VI) method. Using rock mechanics and geomechanics, a theoretical analysis of water inrush from the coal floor after CBM development is conducted, and two main control factors are added: minimum horizontal principal stress and rock fracture pressure of the hydrologic barrier. By fractal theory, instead of density, length, width and fault distance, the fractal dimension is used to quantify fault. Using the AHP-VI method, the water inrush risk of coal floor after CBM development is analyzed. The results show that there are 8 types of discrimination conditions and 6 main control factors for floor water inrush after CBM development. The fractal-AHP-VI method is more accurate than the traditional AHP-VI method. This method has reference value for the water inrush risk assessment of coal floor after CBM development.

Nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands (CWs) may be inhibited by salinity. The clarification of the response of microbial community to salt stress is a premise for developing strategies to improve nitrogen removal efficiency in CWs under saline conditions. Results showed that the ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), and total nitrogen (TN) removal percentages significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in CWs with increasing salinity. The structure and abundance of the microbial community varied with different salinity levels and sampling depths in CWs. Compared with a non-saline condition, the abundances of some bacteria with a denitrification function (e.g., Arthrobacter) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in CWs under saline conditions (i.e., EC of 15 and 30 mS/cm). Aerobic bacteria (e.g., Sphingomonas) exhibited more abundance in soil and upper gravel samples in CWs than those in bottom gravel samples, while the abundance of some denitrifying bacteria (e.g., Thauera and Azoarcus) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in bottom gravel samples compared with soil and upper gravel samples, respectively. This study provides both microbiological evidence for explaining the impact of salt stress on nitrogen removal in CWs and scientific reference for developing enhanced strategies to improve the nitrogen removal capacity of CWs.

Tetradentate ligands with {N4}-donor (L1 and L2) and {N3O}-donor (HL3) groups prepared from a traditional Schiff base condensation reaction of N,N-dimethyldipropylenetriamine with pyridine-2-aldehyde or 2-acetylpyridine or 3-ethoxysalicylaldehyde, respectively, were used to react with Ni(II) salts in the presence of different pseudohalide ions, resulting in six new Ni(II) dimers with different bridging modes: [Ni2(L1)2(μ1,3-N3)2](ClO4)2 (1), [Ni2(L1)2(μ1,3-NCO)2](ClO4)2 (2), [Ni2(L1)2{μ1,5-N(CN)2}2](ClO4)2 (3), [Ni2(L2)2(μ1,3-N3)2](ClO4)2 (4), [Ni2(L3)2(μ1,1-N3)2]·0.5MeCN (5) and [Ni2(L3)2(μ1,1-NCO)2]·0.5MeCN (6). Their structures and magnetic properties have been studied and discussed. Double end-to-end (EE) and end-on (EO) bridging modes were observed for both the azide and cyanate ions in these complexes. While the EE or EO azido-bridged Ni(II) compounds are quite common, the doubly EE or EO cyanato-bridged dimeric Ni(II) complex 2 was quite rare. Furthermore, we observed that in complex 4, the double azido bridges cross each other to form a rarely observed twisted boat-type arrangement of the {Ni(μ1,3-N3)2Ni} core, which leads to ferromagnetic interaction through the EE azide bridges. According to the present results, the introduction of different bridges and bridging motifs affords overall diverse magnetic interactions in these Ni(II) dimers, which has been discussed and rationalized in terms of previous literature reports.

Conjugation-break spacers of conjugated polymers significantly affect the aggregation behaviors in solutions, and further the morphology in the solid state. Herein, we develop five copolymers and two small molecules, in which different ratios of the non-conjugated bridge are introduced into the polymer/molecule backbone. The investigation precisely reveals that: all compounds facilely form aggregations, and the amount of the non-conjugation bridge plays a key role in the aggregation behaviors of these compounds in dilute solutions, which are subsequently inherited to the morphology structures in thin films, and then finally lead to different charge transport properties and doping efficiencies.

In this study, we fabricated fine straight-line patterns of AgNWs from a wet coating strip solution by the coffee-ring effect. The AgNW solution included two kinds of solvents (ethylene glycol and glycerol). The morphologies of the patterns for various process temperatures and glycerol contents were analyzed and discussed. Triple lines can be formed once with the addition of 0.5-wt% glycerol and the process temperature at 90 °C. It is the first time to make triple conductive lines from a wet coating line by the coffee-ring effect. The conductivity of the central line is similar to that of sidelines, featuring the resistivity of 4.05 × 10−7 Ω · m. The formation of the central line may be attributed to the fact that the glycerol possesses a higher boiling point, surface tension, and viscosity than those of ethylene glycol, which make some AgNWs deposit on the central part of the strip through the shrinkage of solvents in later evaporation period.

Imatinib-resistance is a significant concern for Bcr-Abl-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) treatment. Emodin, the predominant compound of traditional medicine rhubarb, was reported to inhibit the multidrug resistance by downregulating P-glycoprotein of K562/ADM cells with overexpression of P-glycoprotein in our previous studies. In the present study, we found that emodin can be a potential inhibitor for the imatinib-resistance in K562/G01 cells which are the imatinib-resistant subcellular line of human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells with overexpression of breakpoint cluster region-abelson (Bcr-Abl) oncoprotein. Emodin greatly enhanced cell sensitivity to imatinib, suppressed resistant cell proliferation and increased potentiated apoptosis induced by imatinib in K562/G01 cells. After treatment of emodin and imatinib together, the levels of p-Bcr-Abl and Bcr-Abl were significantly downregulated. Moreover, Bcr-Abl important downstream target, STAT5 and its phosphorylation were affected. Furthermore, the expression of Bcr-Abl and signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5) related molecules, including c-MYC, MCL-1, poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP), Bcl-2 and caspase-3, were changed. Emodin also decreased Src expression and its phosphorylation. More importantly, emodin simultaneously targeted both the ATP-binding and allosteric sites on Bcr-Abl by molecular docking, with higher affinity with the myristoyl-binding site for enhanced Bcr-Abl kinase inhibition. Overall, these data indicated emodin might be an effective therapeutic agent for inhibiting resistance to imatinib in CML treatment.

Organic matter and NH4+-N are two major pollutants in domestic sewage. This study evaluated the influence of plant and circuit operation mode on the performance of constructed wetlands integrated with microbial fuel cells (CW-MFCs) and investigated the removal mechanisms of organic matter and nitrogen. Better chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was achieved in closed-circuit CW-MFCs regardless of planting or not, with average removal efficiencies of 83.19-86.28% (closed-circuit CW-MFCs) and 76.54-83.19% (open-circuit CW-MFCs), respectively. More than 70% organic matter was removed in the anaerobic region of all CW-MFCs. In addition, the planted CW-MFCs outperformed the unplanted CW-MFCs in ammonium, nitrate, and total nitrogen removal irrespective of circuit connection or not, for example, the NH4+-N removal efficiencies of 95.91-96.82% were achieved in planted CW-MFCs compared with 56.54-59.95% achieved by unplanted CW-MFCs. Besides, 33.14-55.69% of NH4+-N was removed in the anaerobic region. Throughout the experiment, the average voltages of planted and unplanted CW-MFCs were 264 mV and 108 mV, with the corresponding maximum voltage output of 544 mV and 321 mV, respectively. Furthermore, planted CW-MFCs, simultaneously producing a peak power density of 92.05 mW m-3 with a coulombic efficiency of 0.50%, exhibited better than unplanted CW-MFCs (3.29 mW m-3 and 0.21%, respectively) in bioelectricity generation characteristics. Graphical abstract.

Reciprocating compressors are important equipment in oil and gas industries which closely relate with the healthy development of the enterprise. It is essential to detect the valve fault because valve failures account for 60% in total failures. For this field, an artificial neural network (ANN) is widely used, but a complex network is not suitable for its low accuracy and easy overfitting. This paper proposes a fault diagnosis model of a reciprocating compressor valve based on a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1DCNN). This method takes the differential pressure and differential temperature of each compressor stage as the input of 1DCNN, using the characteristics of the CNN to extract the features and finally using Softmax to classify the fault. In order to verify this method, it is compared with LM-BP, RBF, and BP neural networks. The results show that the fault recognition rate of 1DCNN reaches 100%, which proves the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

Anisotropic magnetic exchange is of great value for the design of high performance molecular nanomagnets. In the present work, enhanced single-chain magnet (SCM) behavior is observed for a MoIII -MnII chain that exhibits anisotropic magnetic exchange. Self-assembly of the pentagonal bipyramidal [Mo(CN)7 ]4- anion and the MnII unit with a tridentate ligand results in a neutral double zigzag 2,4-ribbon structure which exhibits SCM behavior with a high relaxation barrier of 178(4) K. Open magnetic hysteresis loops are observed below 5.2 K, with a coercive field of 1.5 T at 2 K. Interestingly, this SCM can be considered to be a result of a step-wise process based on our previously reported Mn2 Mo single-molecule magnets (SMMs).

The effects of the backbone shape of the conjugated polymers on the aggregation features in solutions, and further on the morphology in solid states are rarely reported. Herein, four copolymers, BDOPV-T, BDOPV-T0.8-2T0.2, BDOPV-T0.2-2T0.8, and BDOPV-2T, are developed to reveal that the aggregation structures of these polymers are dependent on the special properties of the conjugated backbone. Our investigation demonstrates that the aggregation microstructures of these polymers in solid states are inheritable from those in solutions.

Six dimetallic lanthanide complexes, [Ln2(L')(acac)4] (1Dy-3Gd) (Ln = Dy (1Dy), Tb (2Tb) and Gd (3Gd)) and [Ln2(L')(tfac)4] (4Dy-6Gd) (Ln = Dy (4Dy), Tb (5Tb) and Gd (6Gd)) (H2L' = 1,9-dichloro-3,7,11,15-tetraaza-1,9(1,3)-dibenzenacyclohexadecaphane-2,10-diene-1,9-diol), have been synthesized by the reaction of lanthanide nitrates with the HL ligand in the presence of acetylacetonate (acac) (or trifluoroacetylacetonate (tfac) and triethylamine (HL = 4-chloro-2,6-bis(-((3-((3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amino)propyl)imino)methyl)phenol). Ln-Assisted modification of the Schiff base HL occurred and led to the formation of a new macrocyclic ligand (H2L'). X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that the LnIII ions of complexes 1Dy-6Gd are all eight-coordinated in a square antiprismatic geometry with D4d local symmetry. Magnetic measurements of these complexes revealed that 1Dy and 4Dy show single-molecule magnet behaviour with energy barriers of 66.7 and 79.0 K, respectively, under a zero direct magnetic field. The orientations of the magnetic axes and crystal field parameters were obtained from theoretical calculations and an electrostatic model. The magneto-structural correlations of SMMs 1Dy and 4Dy are further discussed in detail.

What is already known on this topic? Phlebotomus chinensis (P. chinensis) is a sandfly and the main vector of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL) in China. However, the distribution of suitable environments for the vector has not been studied yet. What is added by this report? This study found that temperate hilly zones in midwestern China are suitable for P. chinensis survival with appropriate environmental factors such as moderate normalized difference vegetation value (NDVI), land use type, landform, temperature, and vegetation. Suitable living conditions for the high-density P. chinensis that caused the reemergence of MT-ZVL already existed. What are the implications for public health practice? Targeted strategies should be implemented to control the vector and the reemergence of MT-ZVL, such as by strengthening key environment monitoring and taking accurate measures for residents, mobile and migrant populations.

Strong interchain interactions of conjugated polymers usually result in poor miscibility with molecular dopants, limiting the doping efficiency because of uncontrolled phase separation. We have developed a strategy to achieve efficient charge-transport and high doping miscibility in n-doped conjugated polymers. We solve the miscibility issue through disorder side-chains containing dopants better. Systemic structural characterization reveals a farther side-chain branching point will lead to higher disorders, which provides appropriate sites to accommodate extrinsic molecular dopants without harming original chain packings and charge-transport channels. Therefore, better sustainability of solid-state microstructure is obtained, yielding a stable conductivity even when overloading massive dopants. This work highlights the importance of realizing high host-dopant miscibility in molecular doping of conjugated polymers.

Chemical modulation on the structures and physical properties of the coordination complexes is of great interest for the preparation of new functional materials. By changing the acidity or basicity of the reaction medium, the deprotonation degree of a multidentate ligand with multiple active protons, H

A porphyrin dimer (BPD) was introduced for selective detection of aluminum ions (Al3+) in a fully aqueous system. BPD produces a ratiometric emission profile in the near-infrared (NIR) region upon Al3+ complexation. The sensing mechanism involves photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). The binding mode of BPD/Al3+ was fully examined based on spectroscopic titration, time-resolved fluorescence decay, NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and IR analyses. In aqueous media, the strong interaction between Lewis acid Al3+ and nitrogen atoms allows BPD to conquer the high energy barriers of the solvent for only Al3+, resulting in the high selectivity and low detection limit (2.65 × 10–8 M) of the probe. Practical applications of BPD for Al3+ monitoring in real samples and fluorescent prints were further investigated with satisfactory results. With its organic solvent-free sensing medium, good biocompatibility, and NIR ratiometric emission properties, the designed BPD probe is appropriate for ratiometric visualization of Al3+ in living cells.

Reversible controlling and switching of magnetic bistability remains relatively difficult. Here, reversible on–off switching of a hysteretic spin transition in a CoII complex via a single-crystal t...

This experiment was conducted to investigate the growth performance, stress and immune responses, and welfare of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) under three different densities (initial density 9.3, 13.6, and 19.1 kg m−2) for 120 days in a recirculating aquaculture system. Turbot were measured every 20 days to evaluate growth biometrically and sampled every month to measure biochemical parameters and mRNA levels of some stress-related genes. No significant differences were detected in the parameters and gene expression among density groups until the final sampling, except Fulton’s condition factor, lysozyme, immunoglobulin M, and complement C3. At the end of the experiment (final density 26.11, 38.22, and 52.25 kg m−2), turbot reared in the high-density (HD) group had lower body mass increase, specific growth rate, and Fulton’s condition factor, as well as higher feed conversion ratio and coefficient of variation for weight than those reared in the low-density (LD) group (P

Background The aim was to investigate the autonomic dysfunction between Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with olfactory dysfunction and PD patients without olfactory dysfunction in southern Chinese population. Methods Fifty-six PD patients with olfactory dysfunction and 44 patients without olfactory dysfunction were included. All patients were evaluated by Sniffin’ sticks (SS-16), scales for outcomes in Parkinson’s disease-autonomic questionnaire, Hamilton anxiety rating scale and Hamilton depression rating scale Results The score of subpart of gastrointestinal symptoms and subpart of urinary symptoms were different in two groups (gastrointestinal symptoms: p value: 0.024; urinary symptoms: p value: 0.008). As for each question items, questions 2, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14 were correlated with SS-16 scores (Question 2: p value: 0.013; question 6: p value: 0.006; question 8: p value: 0.025; question 10: p value: 0.005; question 11: p value: 0.022; question 13: p value

A stretchable gelatin/silver nanowires (GE-AgNWs) composite hydrogel with enhanced mechanical properties and electrical conductivity has been prepared through chemical grafting and physical crosslinking. By introducing thiol groups on the gelatin molecular chain, better interactions between the reinforcing AgNWs and the gelatin molecules in the hydrogel networks was established. The introduced AgNWs not only reinforced the hydrogels but also formed effective electrical pathways to endow the hydrogel with good conductivity. By using the “salting out” effect, additional physical crosslinks were introduced to the hydrogel network so that the composite hydrogel became stretchable. The resulting composite hydrogel was not only biocompatible, but could also be used as a strain sensor to detect multiple human motions. Hence, these hydrogels have the potential to be used in biosensors, electric skins, and health monitoring applications.

Three two-dimensional CoII complexes, namely, [Co(dps)2Cl2]n (1), [Co(dps)2Br2]n (2), and [Co(dps)2(H2O)2·I2·(H2O)4]n (3) (where dps = 4,4′-dipyridyl sulfide), have been synthesized using a rationally designed synthetic approach and characterized structurally and magnetically. Although they crystallize in different space groups, these compounds all have similar two-dimensional (4,4) layer structures where the Co2+ centers are bridged by the bis(monodentate) ligand dps. In addition, the coordination geometry of the Co2+ centers is of a general CoN4X2 octahedral environment formed by four equatorial N atoms from four dps ligands and two X atoms (X = Cl, Br, and O atoms for 1–3, respectively) in the axial positions. Ab initio calculations revealed that due to the strong spin–orbit coupling, the spin Hamiltonian containing the zero-field splitting parameters D and E cannot be used to describe their magnetic anisotropy. According to the calculation, the gz values for the spin–orbit ground doublets of 1–3 are larger than the gx and gy values, which indicates the easy-axis magnetic anisotropy of these compounds. Due to the existence of the magnetic anisotropy, field-induced single-ion magnet behavior can be observed in all these complexes. This work illustrated that care should be taken to interpret the magnetic data of octahedral CoII compounds. In addition, extended frameworks with long and flexible organic spacers are good candidates for the construction of SIMs with different axial ligands and different magnetic properties.

We evaluated the effects of Mn in juvenile Yunlong groupers (Epinephelus moara ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂). The groupers were exposed to Mn

Using microbial fuel cells with constructed wetlands (MFC-CWs) for eliminating antibiotics has recently attracted extensive attention. However, antibiotic removal efficiencies in MFC-CWs must be enhanced, and the accumulation of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) remains an unmanageable issue. This study tries to enhance the antibiotic removal in synthetic wastewater and reduce ARGs by adding sponge iron (s-Fe0) and calcium peroxide to the anode and cathode of MFC-CWs, respectively, and/or simultaneously. The results demonstrated that adding s-Fe0 and calcium peroxide to MFC-CWs could improve the removal efficiencies of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and tetracycline (TC) by 0.8–1.3% and 6.0–8.7%. Therein, s-Fe0 also significantly reduced 84.10–94.11% and 49.61–60.63% of total sul and tet genes, respectively. Furthermore, s-Fe0 improved the voltage output, power density, columbic efficiency, and reduced the internal resistance of reactors. The intensification to the electrode layers posed a significant effect on the microbial community composition and functions, which motivated the shift of antibiotic removal, accumulation of ARGs and bioelectricity generation in MFC-CWs. Given the overall performance of MFC-CWs, adding s-Fe0 to the anode region of MFC-CWs was found to be an effective strategy for removing antibiotics and reducing the accumulation of ARGs.

BackgroundFlooding is considered to be one of the most important factors contributing to the rebound ofOncomelania hupensis, a small tropical freshwater snail and the only intermediate host ofSchistosoma japonicum, in endemic foci. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of intestinal schistosomiasis transmission impacted by flooding in the region around Poyang Lake using multi-source remote sensing images.MethodsNormalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data collected by the Landsat 8 satellite were used as an ecological and geographical suitability indicator ofO. hupensishabitats in the Poyang Lake region. The expansion of the water body due to flooding was estimated using dual-polarized threshold calculations based on dual-polarized synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The image data were captured from the Sentinel-1B satellite in May 2020 before the flood and in July 2020 during the flood. A spatial database of the distribution of snail habitats was created using the 2016 snail survey in Jiangxi Province. The potential spread ofO. hupensissnails after the flood was predicted by an overlay analysis of the NDVI maps in the flood-affected areas around Poyang Lake. The risk of schistosomiasis transmission was classified based onO. hupensissnail density data and the related NDVI.ResultsThe surface area of Poyang Lake was approximately 2207 km2in May 2020 before the flood and 4403 km2in July 2020 during the period of peak flooding; this was estimated to be a 99.5% expansion of the water body due to flooding. After the flood, potential snail habitats were predicted to be concentrated in areas neighboring existing habitats in the marshlands of Poyang Lake. The areas with high risk of schistosomiasis transmission were predicted to be mainly distributed in Yongxiu, Xinjian, Yugan and Poyang (District) along the shores of Poyang Lake. By comparing the predictive results and actual snail distribution, we estimated the predictive accuracy of the model to be 87%, which meant the 87% of actual snail distribution was correctly identified as snail habitats in the model predictions.ConclusionsData on water body expansion due to flooding and environmental factors pertaining to snail breeding may be rapidly extracted from Landsat 8 and Sentinel-1B remote sensing images. Applying multi-source remote sensing data for the timely and effective assessment of potential schistosomiasis transmission risk caused by snail spread during flooding is feasible and will be of great significance for more precision control of schistosomiasis.Graphical Abstract

A salt-tolerant denitrifying bacterium strain F2 was isolated from seawall muddy water in Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China. Strain F2 was identified by morphological observations, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16 S rDNA identification. The salt tolerance of strain F2 was verified and the factors affecting the removal ability of strain F2 to nitrous nitrogen (NO2–N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3–N) in saline conditions were investigated. Strain F2 was identified as Alishewanella sp., named Alishewanella sp. F2. Strain F2 can tolerate NaCl concentrations up to 70 g/L, and its most efficient denitrification capacity was observed at NaCl concentrations of 0−30 g/L. In the medium with NaCl concentrations of 0−30 g/L, strain F2 exhibited high removal efficiencies of NO2–N and NO3–N, with the removal percentages for both NO2–N and NO3–N of approximately 99%. In saline conditions with 30 g/L NaCl, the optimum culture pH, NaNO2 initial concentrations and inoculation sizes of strain F2 were 8−10, 0.4−0.8 g/L and 5−7%, respectively. Strain F2 was highly effective in removing NO2–N and NO3–N in saline conditions, and it has a good application potential in saline wastewater treatment.