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Lispe candicans Kowarz, 1892 (Figs. 1 D; 3 E; 4 H, I, L; 12; 13; 31 G, H) Lispa candicans Kowarz, 1892: 36; Becker, 1903: 112. Lispa candicans var. obscurior Strobl, 1893: 108. Lispa uroleuca Pandelle, 1899: 133. Lispe candicans Kowarz: Hennig, 1960: 425; Pont, 1980: 751; Pont, 1986: 185. Material examined. 1 male, France: Palavas, 1900, Coll. Villeneuve; 1 male, France: Palavas, 28.VI. 1919; 1 female, France: Chaville, Coll. Baudouin. All in MBFU. Remarks. Compared with other species in the group, the WIPs of this species is less vivid (Figs. 31 G, H), yet with more color bands (green, blue, magenta, green, blue and magenta) at posterior part of the wing in male and with bands of same color sequences but different width in female. Distribution. Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands, Gambia, France, Mozambique., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Kowarz, F. (1892) Die europaischen Arten der Dipterengattung Lispa Latr. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 11, 33 - 54.","Becker, T. (1903) Aegyptische Dipteren. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 2, 67 - 195.","Strobl, P. G. (1893) Beitrage zur Dipterenfauna des osterreichischen littorale. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 12, 89 - 108.","Pandelle, L. (1899) Etudes sur les Muscides de France (III e partie) [cont.]. Revue Francaise d'Entomologie, 18 (special pagination), 121 - 208.","Hennig, W. (1960) Family Muscidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, 63 b. Lieferung 209. Stuttgart, pp. 399 - 460.","Pont, A. C. (1980) Family Muscidae. In: Crosskey, R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 750 - 752.","Pont, A. C. (1986) Family Muscidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 11. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 184 - 191."]}

Lispe lanceoseta Wang & Fan in Wang et al., 1981 (Figs. 1 G; 20���22) Lispe lanceoseta Wang & Fan in Wang et al., 1981: 253; Pont, 1986: 187; Fan, 1992: 371; Xue & Chao, 1996: 1002; Xue & Zhang, 2005: 119; Zhang et al., 2005: 356 Material examined. Type material. PARATYPES, 1 male, labeled (1) Hequ county/ (19) 78. VII. 17 [handwritten in Chinese]; (2) PARATYPE / Lispe lanceoseta Wang et Fan, 1980 [red label with broad margin, first line printed, second line handwritten]; (3) Hequ liuying nov. sp. [handwritten, the original but unused Chinese name of the species]; 1 female, labeled (1) Hequ county/ (19) 78. VII. 17 [handwritten in Chinese]; (2) PARATYPE / Lispe lanceoseta Wang et Fan, 1980 [red label with broad margin, first line printed, second line handwritten]. Both in SEMCAS. Redescription. Male. Body length: 4.9 ���5.0 mm (Fig. 20 A). Head (Fig. 20 C): Eye bare, facet a little expanded on anterior margin in median part; frons broad on median part, becoming narrow anteriorly; frontal vitta, frontal triangle and frontal-orbital plate with obvious boundary; frontal vitta dark brown; frontal-orbital plate and frontal triangle with grey pollinosity; median part of frontal triangle about 0.3 times as wide as frontal-orbital plate, upper orbital setae 1, frontal setae 3 and with 1 row of short setae on outer part; parafacial bare, about as wide as postpedicel; facial ridge low, concave; antenna black, with greyish pollinosity, postpedicel slightly longer than pedicel, arista plumose, longest setula longer than width of postpedicel; face planate, without facial carina, epistoma not projecting; vibrissa absent; genal height about 1 / 10 of eye height; proboscis short, labella small; palpi big and yellow, compressed, towards apex expanded, outer surface setulose apically. Thorax: Ground color black with dense grey pollinosity; acr 0+ 1 (setula-like); presutural 4���5 rows of acrostichal setulae; dc 2 + 3 (developed); ia 0+ 2; without pra; katepisternal setae 1 + 2. Wings: hyaline; veins towards apex becoming more yellowish brown; vein R 4 + 5 parallel to M 1 + 2; calypteres white, the lower one about 2 times as long as the upper one; haltere yellowish. Legs: Black except knees yellowish brown; with grey pollinosity; fore legs short; fore femur with sparse pv in basal 2 / 3; fore tibia with 1 preapical ad, first tarsomere slightly longer than other segments of tarsis; mid femur with strong av on apical 1 / 2; mid tibia with 1 short weak ad and 1 short weak pd in apical 1 / 3, with apically willowleaf-like av and pv spines (Figs 20 B; 21 C); mid tarsi greyish yellow; hind femur with av in basal 3 / 4; hind tibia with 1 submedian ad; first hind tarsomere short, slightly swollen, with sharp apex, equal to summed length of other tarsomeres, with dense and curved bristles on the anterior dorsal margin (Figs. 1 G; 21 D). Abdomen (Fig. 20 D): Ground color black, oval; tergites 3���5 dusted with brown patches on anterolateral margin, tergite 5 with 2 lateral discal setae and 1 postmarginal seta; epandrium black with central white patches. Female. Body length 6.3���6.5 mm (Fig. 22 A). General characters as in male but differing from male in: median part of frons about 1 / 2 the head-width; frontal vitta with brownish yellow pollinosity; frontal triangle broader than male; vibrissa medium long; genal height about 1 / 7 of eye height; palpi distinctly spoon-shaped; thorax with yellow pollinosity; legs grey except knees brown; 1 / 2 basal fore tibia and 1 / 2 basal hind tabia yellow; fore femur with longer pv than male; mid tibia with 1 submedian ad and pd, without specialized spines; hind femur with 2 preapical av; hind tibia with 1 submedian ad; hind tarsi regular; abdomen without patches (Fig. 22 C). Remarks. In contrast with other species from this group, male of L. lanceoseta is distinctively special in: face and antenna short; arista short yet plumose; apex of mid tibia with willowleaf-like av and pv spines; and first hind tarsomere with a sharp and pointy apex, only anterodorsal margin covered with curved bristles. The original yet unused Chinese name of the species is ���Hequ liuying���, which is given after its type locality. Now its admitted Chinese name is ���Liuye liuying���, which stands for the willowleaf-like spines on mid tibia. Distribution. China (Shanxi)., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on pages 61-63, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Wang, C. J., Lu, Y. L., Chen, Z. Z. & Fan, Z. D. (1981) Four new calypterate flies from Shanxi, China (Diptera: Muscidae, Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae). Contributions-Shanghai Institute of Entomology, 2, 253 - 258. [In Chinese with English summary]","Pont, A. C. (1986) Family Muscidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 11. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 184 - 191.","Fan, Z. D. (1992) Key to the Common Flies of China. Second Revised Edition. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 369 - 372. [in Chinese with English summary]","Xue, W. Q. & Chao, C. M. (1996) Flies of China. Vol. 1. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang, pp. 809 - 835. [In Chinese with English summary]"]}

Lispe caesia microchaeta S��guy, 1940 (Figs. 1 C; 2 B; 3 C; 4 G, I,K; 10; 11; 30 B; 31 E, F) Lispa caesia microchaeta S��guy, 1940: 342; Hennig, 1960: 424; Pont, 1986: 185; Xue & Zhang, 2005: 119; Zhang et al., 2005: 356 Lispe caesia caesia Meigen: Fan, 1992: 371; Xue & Chao, 1996: 995. [misidentified] Material examined. 1 female, China: Xinjiang: Mt. Aerjin, 11.VIII. 1988, Coll. X.Z. Zhang; 9 males and 2 females, China: Xinjiang: Altay City: Kalamaili Nature Reserve, 14���17.VIII. 2009, Coll. D. Zhang; 11 males, China: Liaoning: Jingzhou, 9.VIII. 2014, Coll. X.Y. Li. All deposited in MBFU. Redescription. Male. Body length: 6.0��� 6.5 mm. Head (Figs. 10 C, D, E): Eye bare, facet a little expanded on anterior margin in median part; frons broad in median part, becoming narrow anteriorly, median part about 0.32��� 0.35 times of head-width; frontal vitta, frontal triangle and frontal-orbital plate with obvious boundary; frons, face, gena and antenna with silvery pollinosity; upper orbital setae 1, frontal setae 3 and with 1 row of short setae on outer part; parafacial bare, about as wide as postpedicel; facial ridge low, concave; antenna dark brown, postpedicel about 3.2���3.4 times as long as broad (1.6���1.8 times as long as pedicel), arista plumose, the longest setula equal to width of postpedicel; face planate, without facial carina; epistoma not projecting to vibrissal angle; vibrissa weak, shorter than length of distance between them; genal height about 1 / 7 of eye height; postocular setae 4 rows, posterior 2 rows situated in occiput; postgena with black setulae; proboscis short, labella small, with 2 prestomal teeth on posterior margin; prementum shinning; palpi yellow, compressed, becoming spoon-shaped apically, apical inner surface setulose and outer surface bare, outer surface with silvery pollinosity. Thorax: Ground color black with dense silver grey pollinosity; acr 0+ 1 (thin); presutural 5 rows of acrostichal setulae; dc 2 + 3; ia 0+ 2, without pra; basal and apical scutellar setae all developed; scutellum bare on lateral surfaces and underneath; notopleuron bare; the median part of anepimeron with numerous bristles; prosternum, meron and katepimeron bare; spiracles brown, posterior one small and with 4 or 5 setae on posterior lower margin; katepisternal setae 1 + 2. Wings: Slightly hyaline; veins becoming brown towards apex; tegula brown; basicosta and subcostal sclerite yellow; costal spine unobvious; vein C with ventral setulae; other veins bare; vein R 4 + 5, M and crossvein dm-cu straight; calypteres white; haltere tawny; WIPs with color bands not entirely demarcated (blue, magenta, red and yellow) at posterior part of the wing, of which red band narrow (Figs. 31 E, F). Legs: Black except knees yellow, with densely silver grey pollinosity; fore femur with 1 elongated pv row; fore tibia with 1 submedian pv; mid tibia with 1 submedian ad and 1 submedian pv; hind femur with 1 ad row, with 3 elongated v on apical half; hind tibia with 1 apical d; first hind tarsomere dictinctly swollen, becoming spindleshaped (Fig. 1 B), swollen part with close-set elongated ventral setulae (sword-shaped) (Fig. 30 B); swollen tarsomere shorter than the summed length of other tarsomeres; tarsi shorter than tibiae; claws and pulvilli small. Abdomen: Ground color black, oval, with grey pollinosity; tergites silver grey, tergite 3 with small faint patches, tergite 4 dusted with large triangular brown patches on sides, tergite 5 with pair of large brown venteral patches (Fig. 10 B). Female. Body length 6.4���6.6 mm. General characters as in male but differing from male in: frons about 0.31 times of head-width at median part; upper orbital setae 2; vibrissa developed; hind femur with 4 elongated setulae on venter; first hind tarsomere not swollen; tergite 4 with larger patches, tergite 5 without patches (Fig. 11 E), tergite 7 divided medially, fused with sternite 7; sternite 7 stongly sclerotized, with median lobe, sternite 8 absent. Distribution. China (Liaoning Xinjiang), Spanish Sahara., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on pages 52-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Seguy, E. (1940) Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris. Vol. 2 (12). Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 342 pp.","Hennig, W. (1960) Family Muscidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, 63 b. Lieferung 209. Stuttgart, pp. 399 - 460.","Pont, A. C. (1986) Family Muscidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 11. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 184 - 191.","Fan, Z. D. (1992) Key to the Common Flies of China. Second Revised Edition. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 369 - 372. [in Chinese with English summary]","Xue, W. Q. & Chao, C. M. (1996) Flies of China. Vol. 1. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang, pp. 809 - 835. [In Chinese with English summary]"]}

Lispe palawanensis Shinonaga & Kano, 1989 (Figs. 1 I, 26) Lispe palawanensis Shinonaga & Kano, 1989: 818. Material examined. Type material. PARATYPE, 1 male, labeled (1) PHILIPPINES:/ Antipolo Beach/ Palawan/ 1.XI. 1975 [printed]; (2) Collecter/ H. Kurahashi [printed]; (3) Lispe palawanensis Shinonaga et Kano sp. nov., 1988; (4) Paratype [printed on yellow label]; in MNHN. Remarks. The species is similar to L. aquamarina but differs in having dark brown palpi and obvious boundary between frontal vitta, frontal triangle and frontal-orbital plate. Also, the swollen tarsi of two species are quite different: much more enlarged entirely in L. aquamarina (Fig. 1 A) while only with a fringe and in a smaller size in L. palawanensis (Fig. 1 I). For detailed description of L. palawanensis see Shinonaga & Kano (1989). Distribution. Philippines., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on pages 65-66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Shinonaga, S. & Kano R. (1989) Four New Species of Lispe (Diptera, Muscidae) from the Oriental Region. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 57 (4), 815 - 821."]}

Lispe leucocephala Loew, 1856 (Figs. 1 H; 23���25; 31 KL) Lispa leucocephala Loew, 1856: 49. Lispe leucocephala Loew: Hennig, 1960: 438; Pont, 1986: 187. Lispe frontalis Zielke, 1972: 148. syn. nov. Lispe frontalis Zielke: Pont, 1980: 751. Material examined. Type material. HOLOTYPE of Lispe frontalis Zielke, male, labeled (1) MADAGASCAR Maj./ Amborovy/ 28.VI. 58 / F.KEISER [printed]; (2) Lispe frontalis n. sp. ♂/ det. E. Zielke 1970 [handwritten]; (3) HOLOTYPUS [printed on red label]; in MNHN. SYNTYPES of Lispe leucocephala, 1 male, labeled (1) Aegypten / Frauenf. [handwritten]; (2) Coll. H. Loew [printed]; (3) Zool. Mus. Berlin [printed]; (4) Cotypus/ Nr. [printed on red label with broad margin]; 1 female, labeled (1) Suez/ Frauenf [handwritten]; (2) Coll. H. Loew [printed]; (3) Zool. Mus. Berlin [printed]; (4) leucocephala Lw. / det. Becker [first line handwriten, second line printed]; (5) Cotypus/ Nr. [printed on red label with broad margin]. Both in ZMHU. Redescription. Male. Body length 4.9���5.3 mm. Head (Figs. 23 B, C): Eye bare, facet slightly expanded on anterior margin in median part; frons broad on vertex, becoming narrow anteriorly, median part about 0.37���0.39 times of head-width; frontal vitta, frontal triangle and frontal-orbital plate with obvious boundary; frons, face and gena with silver grey pollinosity; upper orbital setae 2, frontal setae 2 and with 1 short setae row on outer part; parafacial bare, slightly shorter than width of postpedicel; facial ridge low, slightly concave; antenna grey and small, postpedicel about 1.5���1.7 times as long as broad (1.1���1.3 times as long as pedicel), arista plumose, longest setula shorter than width of postpedicel; face planate, without facial carina; epistoma not projecting to vibrissal angle; vibrissa absent; genal height about 1 / 3 of eye height; postocular setae 3 rows, posteriormost row situated in occiput; postgena with black setulae; proboscis short, labella small, with 2 prestomal teeth on posterior margin, prementum shinning; palpi yellow, compressed, expanded in distal part, towards apex becoming spoon-shaped, both inner and outer surfaces slightly setulose on apex. Thorax: Ground color black with dense silver grey pollinosity; scutellum with brown pollinosity on posterior; acr 0+ 1 (thin); presutural 5 rows of acrostichal setulae; dc 2 + 3; ia 0+ 2; without pra; basal and apical scutellar setae all developed; scutellum bare on lateral surfaces and underneath; notopleuron bare; anepimeron with numerous hairs; prosternum, meron and katepimeron bare; spiracles brown, posterior one small; katepisternal setae 1 + 2. Wing: WIPs without continuous demarcated bands, but with large yellow portion at posterior part (Fig. 31 K). Legs: Black but knees yellow, with dense silver grey pollinosity; fore tibia with 1 submedian d; mid tibia with 1 preapical ad; hind femur with 1 developed ad row and 1 developed pv row; hind tibia with 1 submedian pv, 1 preapical v; first hind tarsomere distinctly swollen, with ventral tuft (Fig. 1 H). Abdomen: Oval; with silver grey pollinosity; tergites without any patches (Fig. 23 D). Female. Body length 5.1���5.3 mm (Fig. 25 A). General characters as in male but differing from male in: vibrissa present but weak; genal height about 1 / 4 of eye height; thorax with brown pollinosity; antenna with dark brown pollinosity; WIPs with large yellow portion and some cyan portion; fore tibia with 1 submedian pd; hind tibia with 1 median ad, 1 submedian av and 1 strong preapical d; first hind tarsomere not swollen. Remarks. Zielke (1972) described L. frontalis as a new species from Madagascar but did not provide any illustrations. When examining the holotype of L. frontalis and the syntypes of L. leucocephala, we found they share with the same distinctive characters in male: face, gena and frontal vitta all with silvery grey pollinosity; antenna grey and small, postpedicel about 1.5���1.7 times as long as broad (1.1���1.3 times as long as pedicel); vibrissa absent; swollen hind tarsi in same shape; abdomen with grey pollinosity and without patches. The holotype of L. frontalis lost the abdominal pollinosity but according to the original description its abdomen is ���uniformly grey dusted without any dark pattern���. Therefore, we are confident that L. frontalis should be a junior synonymy of L. leucocephala. Distribution. Egypt, Madagascar., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on pages 63-65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Loew, H. (1856) Neue Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Dipteren. Vierter Beitrag. Programm Koniglichen Realschule zu Meseritz, 1856, 1 - 49.","Hennig, W. (1960) Family Muscidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, 63 b. Lieferung 209. Stuttgart, pp. 399 - 460.","Pont, A. C. (1986) Family Muscidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 11. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 184 - 191.","Zielke, E. (1972) New Muscidae Species from Madagascar (Diptera). Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel, 82 (1), 145 - 163.","Pont, A. C. (1980) Family Muscidae. In: Crosskey, R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 750 - 752."]}

Lispe hirsutipes Mou in Fan, 1992 (Fig. 19) Lispe hirsutipes Mou in Fan, 1992: 371; Xue & Chao, 1996: 997; Xue & Zhang, 2005: 125; Zhang et al., 2005: 356. Remarks. The type specimens are deposited in Jinzhou Municipal Health and Anti-epidemic Station. We could not contact the author, and no additional infomation was publised after that. Mou in Fan (1992) noted that ���Related to Lispe patellitarsis Becker, in present new species however the wing clear at apical part, hind metatarsus narrower and densely with long fringes on basal third of hind tibia ventrally and postventrally, hind tibia also with a row of av setae���. Here we also adpated the original figures of male terminalia and hind leg from Mou in Fan (1992) (Fig. 19). Distribution. China (Liaoning)., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Fan, Z. D. (1992) Key to the Common Flies of China. Second Revised Edition. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 369 - 372. [in Chinese with English summary]","Xue, W. Q. & Chao, C. M. (1996) Flies of China. Vol. 1. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang, pp. 809 - 835. [In Chinese with English summary]"]}

Lispe caesia caesia Meigen, 1826 (Figs. 1 B; 3 B; 4 B, D, F; 8; 9; 31 C, D) Lispe caesia Meigen, 1826: 228; Hennig, 1960: 423; Pont, 1986: 185. Lispe crassiuscula Loew, 1847: 31. Lispa convexiuscula Kowarz, 1892: 48. Lispa odessae Becker, 1904: 37; Hennig, 1960: 449. Material examined. Type material. HOLOTYPE female, labeled (1) Lispe caesia [handwritten]; (2) Meigen [handwritten]; in MNHN. Additonal material: 1 male, Italy: Sardegna Island, 7.VIII. 1955, Coll. A.G. Soika; 1 male, Spain: Tabarca Island, 1908; 1 male, France: Palavas, 28.VI. 1919; 1 female, Turkey, 26.V. 1961, Coll. A.G. Soika; in MBFU. Remarks. WIPs of this subspeices includes 4 color bands (magenta, green, blue and magenta) at posterior part of the wing in both male and female, of which the second magenta band is narrow (Figs, 31 C, D). For major differences between males of L. caesia caesia and L. caesia microchaeta see the key above. Distribution. Algeria, Egypt, France, Israel, Italy, Libya, Morocco, Russia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Meigen, J. W. (1826) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Vol. 5. Funfter Theil. Schulz-Wundermann, Hamm, 228 pp.","Hennig, W. (1960) Family Muscidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, 63 b. Lieferung 209. Stuttgart, pp. 399 - 460.","Pont, A. C. (1986) Family Muscidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 11. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 184 - 191.","Loew, H. (1847) Ein Paar neue Fliegen zum neuen Jahre. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 8, 23 - 32.","Kowarz, F. (1892) Die europaischen Arten der Dipterengattung Lispa Latr. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 11, 33 - 54.","Becker, T. (1904) Die palaarktischen Formen der Dipterengattung Lispa Latr. Zeitschrift fuer Entomologie Breslau, 29, 1 - 70."]}

Lispe aquamarina Shinonaga & Kano, 1983 (Figs. 1 A; 2 A; 3 A; 4 A, C, E; 5���7; 30 A; 31 A, B) Lispe aquamarina Shinonaga & Kano, 1983: 84; Xue & Zhang, 2005: 126; Zhang et al., 2005: 356. Lispe argenteiceps Ma & Mou in Fan, 1992: 370; Xue & Chao, 1996: 994. Material examined. 40 males and 25 females, China: Liaoning: Dalian, 11.VIII. 2003, Coll. D. Zhang and R.R. Wang; 1 male and 1 female, same location as above, 12.VIII. 2003, Coll. D. Zhang and R.R. Wang. All in MBFU. Redescription. Male. Body length 5.5 ���6.0 mm. Head (Figs. 5 B, C, D): Eye bare, facet slightly expanded on anterior margin in median part; frons broad on vertex, becoming narrow anteriorly, median part about 0.33���0.35 times of head-width; frontal vitta, frontal triangle and frontal-orbital plate without obvious boundary; frons, face, gena and antenna with silvery pollinosity; upper orbital setae 2, frontal setae 2 and with 1 row of short setae on outer part; parafacial bare, about as wide as postpedicel; facial ridge low, slightly concave; antenna dark brown, postpedicel about 2.8 ���3.0 times as long as broad (2.2���2.4 times as long as pedicel), arista plumose, the longest setula equal to width of postpedicel; face planate, without facial carina; epistoma not projecting to vibrissal angle; vibrissa weak, shorter than length of distance between them; genal height about 1 / 5 of eye height; postocular setae 3 rows, posteriormost 1 row situated in occiput; postgena with black setulae; proboscis short, labella small, with 2 prestomal teeth on posterior margin, prementum shinning; palpi yellowish, compressed, expanded in distal part, spoon-shaped apically, apical inner surface setulose and outer surface bare. Thorax: Ground color black with dense silver grey pollinosity; scutellum with brown pollinosity; acr 0+ 1 (thin); presutural 5 or 6 rows of acrostichal setulae; dc 2 + 3; ia 0+ 2, without pra; basal and apical scutellar setae all developed; scutellum bare on lateral surfaces and underneath; notopleuron bare; median part of anepimeron with numerous bristles; prosternum, meron and katepimeron bare; spiracles brown, posterior one small and with 4 or 5 setae on posterior lower margin; katepisternal setae 1 + 2. Wings: Slightly hyaline; veins of wing becoming brown apically; tegula and basicosta dark brown; subcostal sclerite yellow; costal spine about as long as crossvein r���m; vein C with ventral setulae; other veins bare; vein R 4 + 5, M and crossvein dm-cu straight; calypteres yellowish; halteres dark brown; WIPs with 3 clearly demarcated color bands (green, blue and magenta) evenly distributed at posterior part of the wing (Figs. 31 A, B). Legs: Black except distal 1 / 5 of fore tibia and knees yellow, with dense silver grey pollinosity; fore tibia without p seta; mid femur with 1 pv row which elongated on basal part, with 1 or 2 preapical pd; mid tibia without ad, with 1 strong preapical d and 1 median p; hind femur with 1 submedian av and 2 or 3 elongated pv in basal l/ 3; hind tibia with 1 submedian av, 1 ad and 1 preapical d; first hind tarsomere swollen and shortened (Figs. 1 A; 30 A), with dense and long setulae ventrally, elongate to the basal half of second hind tarsomere, with a smoothly bare ventral surface on basal part (Fig. 30 B), shorter than summed length of other tarsomeres; tarsi shorter than tibia, claws and pulvilli small. Abdomen: (Fig. 5 E) Ground color black, oval, with grey pollinosity; syntergite 1 + 2 black, tergites 3 and 4 dusted with large triangular lateral black patch on each side, tergite 5 with pair of large black patches on anterior margin. Female. Body length 7.0��� 7.4 mm. General characters as in male but differing from male in: frons about 0.36��� 0.38 times of head-width at median part; frons, face, gena and antenna with brown pollinosity (Figs. 7 B, C); palpi brown; thorax with brown pollinosity; WIPs with 4 color bands (green, blue, magenta and yellow) at posterior part of the wing, of which green band larger and yellow band narrower; hind femur with 4 or 5 strong pv in basal 1 / 2; first hind tarsomere not swollen; tergite 5 with brownish yellow pollinosity, without patches., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on pages 48-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Shinonaga, S. & Kano, R. (1983) Two New Species and A Newly Record Subspecies of the Genus Lispe Latreille from Japan with A Key to Japanese Speciese (Diptera, Muscidae). Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology, 34 (2), 83 - 88.","Fan, Z. D. (1992) Key to the Common Flies of China. Second Revised Edition. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 369 - 372. [in Chinese with English summary]","Xue, W. Q. & Chao, C. M. (1996) Flies of China. Vol. 1. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang, pp. 809 - 835. [In Chinese with English summary]"]}

Lispe patellitarsis Becker, 1914 (Figs. 1 J; 2 D; 27���29; 31 M, N) Lispa patellitarsis Becker, 1914: 87. Lispe hamanae Hori & Kurahashi, 1966: 101. Lispe patellitarsis Becker: Fan, 1992: 371; Xue & Chao, 1996: 1006; Xue & Zhang, 2005: 119; Zhang et al., 2005: 356. Material examined. 1 male, China: Guangdong: Zhanjiang, 19.XI. 1982, Coll. A.M. Yao; 2 males and 1 female, China: Liaoning: Jingzhou, 9.VIII. 2014, Coll. X.Y. Li. All in MBFU. Redescription. Male. Body length: 5.1���5.3 mm. Head (Figs. 27 B, C, D): Eye bare, facet expanded on anterior margin in median part, about 2.0 times of upper part of the facet; frons broad on vertex, towards anterior becoming narrow, median part about 0.28���0.31 times of head-width; frontal vitta, frontal triangle and frontal-orbital plate with obvious boundary; fronto-orbital plate, parafacial plate and gena with dense silvery grey pollinosity; frontal vitta black, without pollinosity, about 1.8 times as wide as fronto-orbital plate, frontal triangle distinctly broad, gloss black, without pollinosity, reaching to lunule, upper orbital setae 2, frontal setae 5 and with 1 setae row on outer part; parafacial bare, about 4 / 5 wide as postpedicel; facial ridge a little projecting, concave; postpedicel dark brown, about 2.9���3.3 times as long as broad (1.5���1.7 times as long as pedicel), arista ciliated, longest setula equal to 1 / 4 width of postpedicel; face furvous, planate, without facial carina; epistoma not projecting to vibrissal angle; vibrissa weak, equal to length of distance between them; gena with 1 row of up-dip setae on anterior upper margin; genal height about 1 / 5 of eye height; postocular setae 3 rows, posteriormost row situated in occiput; postgena with black setulae; proboscis short, labella small, with 2 prestomal teeth on posterior margin, prementum shinning; palpi brownish black, compressed, towards apex becoming spoon-shaped, on apex inner surface setulose and outer surface bare. Thorax: Ground color black with dense silvery grey pollinosity; acr 0+ 1 (trichoid), presutural 7���8 rows of acrostichal setulae; dc 0+ 1; ia 0+ 2; without pra; basal and apical scutellar setae all developed; scutellum bare on lateral surfaces and underneath; notopleuron bare; anepimeron with numerous bristles; prosternum, meron and katepimeron bare; anterior spiracle yellow, posterior spiracle brown and small and with 2 or 3 setae on posterior lower margin; katepisternal setae 1 + 2. Wings: Brown; slightly hyaline; veins becoming brown apically; tegula, basicosta and subcostal sclerite brownish yellow; costal spine slightly shorter than vein r-m; vein C with ventral setulae; other veins bare; vein R 4 + 5, M and crossvein dm-cu straight; calypteres yellowish white; haltere yellow; cell r 2 + 3 with dark cloud; WIPs with 4 demarcated bands (blue, magenta, yellow and cyan), of which blue band large and cyan band narrow (Figs. 31 M, N). Legs: Black except basal femur; distal 1 / 4 of fore tibia, mid and hind tarsi and knees yellow; fore tibia with 1 submedian p; mid femur with 1 row of lodging pv; mid tibia with 1 submedian p; hind femur with short av and pv rows; hind tibia with 1 preapical av, 1 preapical ad and ad rows; first hind tarsomere dictinctly shortened and swollen, (Fig. 1 J), swollen part elongated to basal half of second hind tarsomere and with tuft; second hind tarsomere compressed, median part ridgy and jubate from posterior view; tarsi shorter than tibiae; claws and pulvilli small. Abdomen: Ground color black; oval; with dense grey pollinosity; tergites 1���3 with light black patches in the middle, tergite 4 with a large triangular lateral brown patches, tergite 5 dusted with brown patches on posterior margin (Fig. 27 F), 1 / 2 apex of tergite 5 with brown patches. Female. Body length 5.4���5.6 mm. General characters as in male but differing from male in: genal height about 1 / 4 of eye height; wing without cloud; first hind tarsomere not swollen; tergites 3 and 4 with median stripe (Fig. 29 D). Distribution. China (Guangdong, Liaoning), Japan, South Korea., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on pages 66-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Becker, T. (1914) H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Th. Lispen und Phoriden (Dipt.). Supplementa Entomologica, 3, 80 - 90."]}

Lispe halophora Becker, 1903 (Figs. 1 F; 17; 18; 31 O) Lispa halophora Becker, 1903: 116. Lispe halophora Becker: Hennig, 1960: 436; Pont, 1986: 187. Material examined. Type material. SYNTYPES, 1 male, labeled (1) Alexandria/ 45033, V. [handwritten] [comment form Pont and Werner (2006): Becker notebooks: as for 45032, but 7 ex.]; (2) Lispa halophora Beck. 0 3 ♂ / Type / Th. Becker det. [first and second lines handwritten, third line printed]; (3) Typus [printed on red label]; (4) Zool. Mus. Berlin [printed]; 1 female, labeled (1) Alexandria/ 45032.V. [handwritten] [comment from Pont & Werner (2006): Becker notebooks: 3.V. 1899, Alexandria, near El Meks, on the bank of salt lake, not on the seashore, 4 ex.]; (2) Lispa halophora Beck. 0 3 ♀/ Type / Th. Becker det. [first and second lines handwritten, third line printed]; (3) Typus [printed on red label]; (4) Zool. Mus. Berlin [printed]. Both in ZMHU. Redescription. Male. Body length 6.2���6.4 mm (Fig. 17 A). Head (Figs. 17 B, C ): Eye bare, facet slightly expanded on anterior margin in median part; frons broad on vertex, becoming narrow anteriorly, median part about 0.33���0.34 times of head-width; frontal vitta and frontal-orbital plate with obvious boundary; frons, face and gena with dense silvery grey pollinosity; frontal vitta with thin silvery pollinosity, upper orbital setae 2, frontal setae 3 (developed) and with 5 short setae in 1 row on outer part; parafacial bare, slightly shorter than width of postpedicel; facial ridge low, slightly concave; antenna dark brown, pedicel with thin silvery pollinosity, postpedicel about 3.3��� 3.5 times as long as broad (1.9���2.1 times as long as pedicel), arista plumose, the longest setula equal to width of postpedicel; face planate, without facial carina; epistoma not projecting to vibrissal angle; vibrissae asymmetric, left one short while right one strong, right one longer than length of distance between them; genal height about 1 / 4 of eye height; postocular setae 3 rows, posteriormost row situated in occiput; postgena with black setulae; proboscis short, labella small, with 2 prestomal teeth on posterior margin, prementum shinning, about 5.3 times as long as broad; palpi dark grey, compressed, expanded in distal part, towards apex becoming spoon-shaped, both inner and outer surfaces setulose (more strongly than other species in the group) on apex. Thorax: Ground color black with dense silvery grey pollinosity; scutellum with brown pollinosity on posterior; acr 0+ 1 (thin); presutural 6 rows of acrostichal setulae; dc 2 + 3; ia 1 + 2, without pra; basal and apical scutellar setae all developed; scutellum bare on lateral surfaces and underneath; notopleuron bare; the median part of anepimeron with numerous bristles; prosternum, meron and katepimeron bare; spiracles brown, posterior one small and with 4 or 5 setae on posterior lower margin; katepisternal setae 1 + 2. Wings: Slightly hyaline; veins becoming brown apically; tegula and basicosta yellowish brown; subcostal sclerite yellow; costal spine about as long as crossvein r���m; vein C with ventral setulae; other veins bare; vein R 4 + 5, M and crossvein dm-cu straight; calypteres white; haltere yellowish; WIPs with 4 demarcated color bands (cyan, blue, magenta and yellow) at posterior part of the wing, of which yellow band at dominace (Fig. 30 O). Legs: Black except knees yellow; with dense silvery grey pollinosity; fore femur with 1 v row (which become shorter in basal 1 / 2) and 1 devoloped pd row; fore tibia with 1 preapical d and 1 apical ad; mid legs lost; hind femur with 1 av row (of which 4 setae on distal half developed), 1 developed pv row (of which 3 setae in basal 1 / 3 developed) and 1 close-set ad row; hind tibia with ununiformly-spaced short setulae rows on each surface, with 17- 19 different-sized developed setae in distal half on av and pv surfaces, with 1 developed preapical d; first hind tarsomere moderately swollen (Fig. 1 F), with 2 dense and long setulae rows on av surface, shorter than the summed length of other tarsomeres; tarsi shorter than tibia; claws and pulvilli small. Abdomen: (Fig. 17 D) Ground color black, oval, with silvery grey pollinosity; tergite 3 with brown patches, tergite 4 dusted with triangular dark brown patches on sides, tergite 5 with developed discal and marginal setae and pair of small dark brown patches on anterior margin which merge with patch on tergite 4. Female. Body length 6.6���6.8 mm. General characters as in male but differing from male in: frontal vitta, frontal-orbital plate and parafacial with brownish grey pollinosity; gena with silvery grey pollinosity; both vibrissae strong; fore tibia with 1 median p; mid femur with 1 comb-like av row and 5 developed pv in basal 1 / 3; mid tibia with 1 median ad, 1 median pd, 1 preapical ad and 1 apical d; hind tibia with 1 median ad, 2 v, 1 preapical d and 1 apical ad; first hind tarsomere not swollen. Distribution. Algeria, Egypt, Tunisia., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on pages 57-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Becker, T. (1903) Aegyptische Dipteren. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 2, 67 - 195.","Hennig, W. (1960) Family Muscidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, 63 b. Lieferung 209. Stuttgart, pp. 399 - 460.","Pont, A. C. (1986) Family Muscidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 11. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 184 - 191.","Pont, A. C. & Werner D. (2006) The Types of Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) in the Museum fur Naturkunde, Humboldt- Universitatzu, Berlin, Germany. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 1, 3 - 139. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 200600001"]}

Lispe flavicornis Stein, 1909 (Figs. 1 E; 2 C; 3 E; 14���16; 30 C; 31 I, J) Lispa flavicornis Stein, 1909: 260. Lispa vidua Becker, 1914: 85. Lispe flavicornis Stein: Pont, 1977: 508; Xue & Chao, 1996: 997; Xue & Zhang, 2005: 119; Zhang et al., 2005: 356. Material examined. 7 males and 10 females, China: Guangdong: Nan���ao Island, 27.VII. 2013, Coll. W. Li & Y.Q. Ge; 8 males, same location as above, 13.VIII. 2014, Coll. W. Li. All in MBFU. Redescription. Male. Body length 5.2���5.6 mm. Head (Figs. 14 B, C, D): Eye bare, facet a little expanded on anterior margin in median part; frons broad in median part, becoming narrow anteriorly; median part about 0.33��� 0.35 times of head-width; frontal triangle with golden pollinosity; frontal vitta, frontal triangle and frontal-orbital plate with obvious boundary; frons, face and gena with silvery pollinosity; upper orbital setae 2, frontal setae 3 and with 1 row of short setae on outer part; parafacial bare, slightly shorter than width of postpedicel; facial ridge low, concave; antenna orange, postpedicel about 2.8 ���3.0 times as long as broad (1.4���1.6 times as long as pedicel), arista plumose, longest setula equal to width of postpedicel; face planate, without facial carina; epistoma not projecting to vibrissal angle; vibrissa strong, slightly longer than length of distance between them; genal height about 1 / 5 of eye height; postocular setae 3 rows, posteriormost row situated in occiput; postgena with black setulae; proboscis short; labella small, with 2 prestomal teeth on posterior margin, prementum shinning; palpi yellow, compressed, expanded in distal part, towards apex becoming spoon-shaped, both inner and outer surfaces sparsely setulose. Thorax: Ground color black with dense silver grey pollinosity except scutellum with brown pollinosity; acr 0+ 1 (thin); presutural 5 rows of acrostichal setulae; dc 2 + 3; ia 1 + 2, without pra; basal and apical scutellar setae all developed; scutellum bare on lateral surfaces and underneath; notopleuron bare; the median part of anepimeron with numerous bristles; prosternum, meron and katepimeron bare; spiracles brown, posterior one small and with 4 or 5 setae on posterior lower margin; katepisternal setae 1 + 2. Wings: Slightly hyaline; veins becoming brown apically; tegula, basicosta and subcostal sclerite yellow; costal spine unobvious; vein C with ventral setulae; other veins bare; vein R 4 + 5, M and crossvein dm-cu straight; calypteres white; haltere yellowish brown; cell r 2 + 3 usually with faint cloud; WIPs with 4 demarcated color bands (blue, magenta, red and yellow) at posterior part of the wing, of which magenta and red bands narrow (Figs. 31 I, J). Legs: Black except basal part of tibia and apical part of femur reddish; with dense silver grey pollinosity; fore femur with 1 pd row, 1 pv row and a elongated v; fore tibia with 1 developed pv; mid femur with 1 submedian pd; mid tibia with 1 pv, 1 preapical d; hind femur with 1 v row on basal half, 1 complete ad row; hind tibia with 1 preapical d and 1 submedian v; first hind tarsomere distinctly swollen (Figs 1 E; 30 C), with close-set elongated setulae at postoventral margins, shorter than the summed length of other tarsomeres; tarsi shorter than tibia; claws and pulvilli small. Abdomen: Ground color black, oval, with grey pollinosity; tergites 3 and 4 dusted with large triangular lateral brown patches on sides, tergite 5 with pair of small brown patches on both anterior and posterior margins (Fig. 14 E). Female. Body length 7.0��� 7.4 mm. General characters as in male but differing from male in: frons about 0.31��� 0.33 times of head-width at median part; face and gena with golden pollinosity; thorax entirely with brown pollinosity; apex of wing without cloud; first hind tarsomere not swollen (Fig. 16 A); abdomen with yellowish brown pollinosity throughout, tergite 5 with smaller patches. Remarks. According to Pont (1977), L. flavicornis was only recorded in Taiwan, China before. The specimen studied in this paper was collected on a salt pan in Nan���ao Island, Guangdong, China, at a similar latitude of Taiwan. Species from this group breed on salty mud rather than temperate habitats where some other speciesgroups, such as L. tentaculata group, multiply. This species is the most brightly colorful one in the group due to its orange postpedicel and golden frontal triangle in both sexes (in Fig. 16 the female���s postpedicel lost some orange pollinosity). Among 15 males, ten specimens are spotted in cell r 2 + 3 and 5 are not spotted, while none female is spotted. Distribution. China (Guangdong, Taiwan), Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka., Published as part of Zhang, Dong, Ge, Ying-Qiang, Li, Xin-Yu, Liu, Xian-Hui, Zhang, Ming & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2016, Review of the Lispe caesia - group (Diptera: Muscidae) from Palaearctic and adjacent regions, with redescriptions and one new synonymy, pp. 43-72 in Zootaxa 4098 (1) on pages 55-57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/257886, {"references":["Stein, P. (1909) Neue javanische Anthomyiden. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 52, 205 - 271.","Pont, A. C. (1977) Family Muscidae. In: Delfinado, M. D. & Hardy, D. E. (Eds.), A Catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental Region. Vol. 3. Suborder Cyclorrhapha (excluding Division Aschiza). University of Hawaii, Honolulu, pp. 507 - 511."]}