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Twenty-nine chapters (sūras) of the Qur'an begin with the disjointed letters (al-ḥurūf al-muqaṭṭaʿāt). These fourteen letters of the Arabic alphabet thus became known as the "openers of the chapters" (fawātiḥ aṣ-ṣuwar). This paper focuses on Ibn ʿArabī's writings on three disjointed letters, namely, ʾalif-lām-mīm , as well as their meaning, and the power and the talisman he associated with them. This talisman was meant to capture the power of the disjointed letters, so that a spiritual Seeker could reach the totality of knowledge and unity with God. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposing a thief magically with the aid of a painted eye on the wall, has existed since antiquity. The spell includes instructions for drawing an eye, incantations, summoning up God's help, and knocking a nail into the painted eye, thus harming the thief's eye and exposing him. In this article we present the same spell written in Yiddish dating between the fifteenth to the sixteenth century. In tracing the Yiddish spell's sources for both the text and its illustration, our examination reinforces previous scholarship of magical praxis, which asserts that rituals are cross-cultural and cannot always be traced to its Jewish or non-Jewish origins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article is dedicated to conative animal calls (CACs) in a Kalahari Khoe language, Tjwao. By using a prototype approach to categorization, the authors test the Tjwao CACs for their compliance with the prototype of CACs posited recently in scholarly literature. The authors conclude that Tjwao CACs largely conform to the pragma-semantic, phonetic, and morphological properties associated with CACs across languages. In light of the Tjwao data, a few refinements are also proposed. These concern the potential prevalence of whistles as the most common sounds not included in the International Phonetic Alphabet, the correlation of summonses with replication and repetitions as well as front and/or close vowels, the higher frequency of summonses and dispersals among all semantic types of CACs, and the lesser extent of monosemy than previously claimed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that in Silvae 3.3, written to console Claudius Etruscus on the death of his beloved father, Statius reverses his own account of the contentious relationship between Tisiphone and Pietas in Thebaid Books 1 and 11 to present his patron's affectionate bond with his father as antithetical to Oedipus' resentful relationship with his sons. In the Thebaid , Oedipus summons Tisiphone from the Underworld to punish his own children by stirring up civil war, and the Fury promptly obeys, banishing Pietas from earth to prevent her from stopping the conflict. In Silvae 3.3, on the other hand, the poet asks Pietas to come back to earth, and urges the Furies to stay away from the deceased. The return of Pietas, also portrayed in Silvae 5.2, shows that in his collection of occasional poetry Statius rewrites his own epic to restore cosmos: while in the chaotic narrative universe of the Thebaid all fundamental values, including filial devotion, are turned upside down, the Silvae describe a more conventional and reassuring world, founded on virtue rather than vengeance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Administración Pública is the property of Centro de Estudios Politicos y Constitucionales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The legal framework of the procedure before the Wealth Research Commission is regulated by Chapter II, respectively the provisions of art. 10-15 and Chapter V Final provisions of Law no. 115/1996, for the declaration and control of the assets of dignitaries, magistrates, persons with management and control functions and of civil servants, published in the Official Gazette Part I no. 263 of 28/10/1996. In chapter V, art. 31 it is expressly provided that the provisions of Law no. 115/1996 are completed with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure and with those regarding the execution of budgetary receivables. Thus, in the procedure carried out before the Research Commission, the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure are applied. This conclusion was not unanimously appropriated by the national courts and there are opposing views in the sense that the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure would apply truncated, the procedure before the Commission for the Investigation of Assets is not a judicial one, but a purely administrative one. In this paper we will demonstrate that before the Commission for the Research of assets can be invoked including exceptions specific to a judicial procedure, otherwise being circumvented the imperative provisions of law 115/1996. We consider it within the competence of the Wealth Research Commission to resolve exceptions such as the prescription of the right of the National Integrity Agency to issue the Evaluation Report of the investigated person and of his right to notify The Wealth Research Commission, except for the nullity of the documents drawn up by the integrity inspectors in the absence of information and summons of the investigated person, the research of the legality of the random distribution of the integrity inspectors who prepared the Evaluation Report, as well as procedural incidents related to the incompatibility of members of the Wealth Research Commission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since September 1, 2021, individuals in Austria who have received a ban on entering and approaching due to domestic violence are required to complete a six-hour violence prevention counseling at a violence prevention counseling center. If the deadlines or appointments are not met, a summons will be issued by the security authorities. The violence prevention counseling is part of a proven package of Austrian violence protection and was introduced through the Violence Protection Act 2019. The counseling aims to strengthen awareness of problems, clarify responsibility, plan for safety, and ensure sustainability. There is a desire for more hours in counseling, and further research is needed to evaluate effectiveness. [Extracted from the article]

This article, titled "Condition H.," explores the emotional journey of a caregiver as they navigate the healthcare system and advocate for their loved one. The caregiver's concerns are often overlooked by the healthcare team, who are focused on the physical aspects of the patient's condition. The caregiver reminisces about the joys and beauty of their loved one's life, while also grappling with the loneliness and fear that comes with their impending loss. The article highlights the disconnect between the caregiver's experience and the healthcare system's approach to end-of-life care. [Extracted from the article]

Directive 2001/23 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the safeguarding of the employees' rights in the event of transfers of undertakings, businesses or parts of undertakings or businesses leaves to the discretion of the Member States the task of regulating the procedural means and the legal sanctions able to ensure the full and effective exercise of the right to the information and consultation of the employees affected by the transfer. In the Romanian law, the Law No 67/2006 on safeguarding of the employees' rights in the event of transfer of undertaking, establishments or parts thereof, which transposed Directive 2001/23, does not provide for a separate sanctioning regime for the violation of the obligation to inform and to consult the employees affected by the transfer, but establishes, generically, for the violation of any obligation provided in its content, the contraventional liability of the transferor or transferee and the right of the employees, respectively of the representatives of the employees affected by the transfer, to address the courts of labour jurisdiction competent to resolve individual and collective labour conflicts. The present study emphasizes, by applying the requirements of the principle of the effective transposition of the directive and by carrying out a comparative law analysis, the fact that the mixed system of sanctions in the Romanian law, made of the contraventional fine and compensatory damages, fails to ensure the deterrent effect for employers and does not confer to the employees affected by the transfer any effective procedural remedies for respecting the right to information and consultation. De lege ferenda, several measures are proposed that can be adopted in order to ensure the effective nature of the right to information and consultation of the employees affected by the transfer, respectively: the clarification of the conditions for exercising the application for summons that seeks to repair the damage caused by the violation of the right to information and to consultation of the employees affected by the transfer; the express legislative establishment of the joint liability of the transferor and of the transferee for the damages resulting from non-compliance with the right to information and to consultation of the transferred employees; the increase of the limits of the contraventional fine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Over the past few years, Rabat has been undergoing a double-process of modernisation and transformation into a heritage site. Its central railway station, which is currently being transformed into a large interchange hub, reflects the city's aspiration to become a global metropolis. Previously, this place functioned as an urban magnet where people also came to stroll and socialise. The article explores how the refurbishment is affecting its functional and symbolic uses. Official sources promise that the renewed infrastructure will be a great new 'milieu de vie', a notion that summons up a vision of togetherness and an aspiration to metropolitan high life. But will the future project still welcome everyone and every type of sociality? Structured as a before-and-after comparison, the article describes ethnographic observations conducted at the station's successive entrances. It shows that the new entrance layout may make the infrastructure more functional, but that it offers less opportunity for social activities. Causal interpretations concerning the role of design in facilitating or preventing social practices are proposed. The article concludes that the capacity of transit infrastructures to become a 'common' place depends on the connection between physical features and cultural skills. Since Rabat Central Station has become an arena of conflict between tradition and modernity, the paper's contribution aims to reposition the controversy within a broader perspective, which connects the architectural and social dimensions of a local culture of transit (im)mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is the analysis of the participation and mobilization of those chiefs and soldiers belonging to the King's army who acted in the revolutionary war in the South- Andean space. From the study of different cases, it is intended to understand the experiences of the war and the degrees of indication of these actors with the political cause during the processes of struggle against the revolutionary side. The question whether the summons issued by the chiefs and officers had an impact on the troops to identify them with the political cause to defend, point to a problem that has been debated for some decades in American and Spanish historiography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stereotype of the "feminist killjoy" (AHMED, 2018), of a woman without sense of humour, is embodied in a hackneyed retort which, often, attempts to reinforce this image: "Woman, it was a joke". With John L. Austin (1962) we would say that with this phrase we are faced with a possible case of undoing things with words. The idea of this text is precisely to analyse this ability to disrupt the effectiveness of the words spoken, resorting to the non-seriousness of what is said. Examining the effects and strategies of undoing what has been done will lead us to dwell in detail on the communicative situation that such a phrase summons up. This will shed light, not only on the role of the sender, but also on two key figures that contribute to understanding this phrase: the aforementioned killjoy, in the role of the receiver, and, what I will call, the illocutionary accomplice or, in other words, the role of the thirdness in the doing and undoing of things with words. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to identify dynamic nuclei of virtual education from the perspective of teachers, as a basis for projecting future educational strategies that promote integration and dialogue. The results confirm three dynamic nuclei of virtual education: Elearning, B-learning and M-learning as online modalities that coupled from a formative integration and pedagogical contextualization allow to enhance the didactic processes in virtual learning environments, revealing itself as a multimodal virtual education that summons the articulation of these modalities from their strengths. This requires didacticpedagogical mechanisms that guarantee a multimodal strategy-content-objective-method link, helping to develop virtual learning environments as dynamic environments for integration and dialogue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of their response to the COVID-19 pandemic, law enforcement agencies in Long Island's Suffolk and Nassau Counties reached out to Latino immigrant communities with a message to "educate over enforce." Yet, this messaging did not echo enough in the lives of immigrant communities who were the most vulnerable and hardest hit populations in the area. Based on fieldnotes from sixteen virtual meetings spanning five months (March-July), which are part of a larger qualitative project, we argue that communication gaps persisted and continued to plague community/police relations in several ways. First, the messaging around education was a one-way street with very little input from community members. Second, "light" enforcement still took place with the issuing of summons on social distancing and requiring mask wearing. Third, the closing down of precincts meant that there was no way to access police services, especially in Spanish, the community's language. Finally, law enforcement's response to the community's needs was "virtually" absent. We conclude this examination with lessons learned so police departments can better serve and protect the immigrant community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trials of civil cases based on HIR/RBG take months or even years, which sets a negative precedent for the judicial institution because it tends to be closed and convoluted. In response to these persistent issues, the Indonesian supreme court issued "PERMA Number 1 of 2019" regarding electronic court proceedings and case administration. Utilizing a qualitative normative judicial approach, this study investigates the application of electronic trials in Indonesia's civil procedures law and explores its benefits, opportunities, and challenges. According to the findings, E-trials are an effective method for those who previously had to wait a long time for justice. "PERMA No. 1 of 2019" has ensured the provision of several benefits for the internal judiciary and justice seekers, including eliminating the need to travel to court for case registration, which can now be completed electronically. The court expenses can be paid through a virtual account, and the summons of the parties is conducted electronically through an electronic domicile. To implement E-Trials and E-Litigation successfully, there are several obstacles and opportunities. In addition, the paper addresses the numerous practical and theoretical implications that the research has. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes some aspects of summoning the parties to the trial at the examination of criminal cases in the court of appeal, general provisions regarding the summons procedure, the powers of the prosecutor and the appellate court in this regard. The scientific relevant problem solved is in analysis and re-evaluation of the legislative and practical framework of the stage of summoning the parties to criminal cases in the court of appeal. According to art. 412 para. (4) Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Moldova the judgment of the appeal is made with the legal summons of the parties and the handing over of the children on the appeal. According to para. (5) their non-presentation does not prevent the examination of the case. The provisions of art. 235 - 243 Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Moldova regulates the procedure of summoning the parties. Thus, the parties who took part in the trial in the court of first instance must be legally summoned to the court of appeal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Themis: Revista de Derecho is the property of Themis Asociacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An electronic trial (e-court) is a court process carried out with the support of information and communication technology, audio-visual and other electronic means. This study aims to find out about the implementation of the e-court trial in handling the crime of murder and the inhibiting factors in the e-court trial process in the handling of the crime of murder. This research is normative legal research by applying two approaches, namely the empirical juridical approach and the normative juridical approach. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the e-court trial in handling the crime of murder is carried out by examining the summons and preparing the facilities and infrastructure needed during the e-court trial (online). The inhibiting factors in the e-court trial process in handling the crime of murder include: evidence, the difficulty of presenting witnesses, and inadequate human resources, inadequate facilities and infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Carnets: Revue Electronique d'Etudes Françaises / Revista Electrónica de Estudos Franceses is the property of Associacao Portuguesa de Estudos Franceses (APEF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article introduces the research project "The Hall on the Height," conducted by Lund University, focusing on investigating the Iron Age residence Uppåkra, a significant central place in southern Scandinavia. The project, funded by various sources, aims to explore the spatial, economic, and ecological aspects of Uppåkra, utilizing advanced analytical techniques and interdisciplinary collaboration to understand its societal resilience and changes over a millennium.

A civil action is a dispute of law and a dispute of fact between two or more parties seeking remedies for injury or damages suffered due to wrongful act by one of the parties. The purpose of civil action is for the Plaintiff or the injured party to seek compensation or damages. Pursuant to Order 5 Rule 1 Rules of Courts 2012, to commence proceedings, it must be commenced either by way of Originating Summons or Writ. As for proceedings with a serious dispute of fact, it shall be instituted by Writ. Meanwhile, as for proceedings for which an application is to be made to the Court or a Judge, it shall be instituted by way of an Originating Summons. The objective of this study is to review cases decided since the past five years and to analyse the latest developments related to court judgments on the method of commencing civil action. This study is conducted qualitatively, which involves data analysis and review of the previous and latest cases. From the analysis, three main progresses have been identified namely the Court allows the conversion when there is no injustice prejudicial to the parties, the Court rejects application to convert without strong reason and the Court is likely to allow the conversion if it involves property issues. Therefore, this article will elaborate in detail on the definition of civil action, relevant provisions from Rules of Court 2012 and the latest developments of Court judgments on cases involving methods of commencing civil action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study considers Matthew Arnold's "The Scholar Gipsy" within the liminal-limioid theoretical grounds touched upon by Victor Turner and Friedrich Max Müller. The body of discussion focuses on the metapoetic aspect of the art of poetry in relation to liminal-liminoid projections featured within Arnold's poem. The main argument is that liminal projections within the poem transform into a liminoid and metapoetic space where the essential core of the art of poetry itself is revealed as the product of a liminoid process. The figure of the scholar-gipsy who left Oxford hundreds of years ago and joined a gipsy tribe in pursuit of greater knowledge is animated by means of the speaker's recalling the now-gipsy-scholar's story in the poem. Such a summons becomes an eternal symbol of the kind of metapoetic relationship between the speaker and his liminoidly inspiring source. Metapoetic and liminoid connections are further layered with the inescepable presence of a timeless reader bound neither by space nor by time. Thus, boundaries between source-material, speaker, poet, the art of poetry, inspiration and the reader are stretched, where Arnold's whole metapoetic-liminoid process binds all humanity together by means of the same poetic and re-creative liminoid play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the entry into force of Article 1541 of the Civil Procedure Code, the judgments will have a different communication regime as compared to the other procedural documents. More precisely, if the party indicates the appropriate data in order to communicate the procedural documents by e-mail, the court will have the obligation to communicate the judgment to the party by e-mail, in accordance with the provisions of Article 154 (1) of the Civil Procedure Code, however, it will not be obliged to communicate the summons or the other procedural documents to the respective party by e-mail, since with regard to these procedural documents remain applicable the provisions of Article 154 (6) of the Civil Procedure Code, which regulates only the possibility of the court to communicate these procedural documents by e-mail, and not the obligation of the court to proceed in this way. Therefore, we note the existence of an asymmetry, with regard to the communication regime, between the judgment and the other procedural documents, which is why we believe that the legislator should intervene in order to standardize the communication regime of all procedural documents, there being no reason why the respective communication of procedural documents should be carried out differently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a new collation of the Khirbet Qeiyafa ostracon on the basis of the multispectral images produced by Gregory Bearman and William Christens-Barry in collaboration with a number of imaging labs in 2009. It proposes 59 letters in total, with 12 new readings, including 5 new partial reconstructions, all supported by an analysis of these detailed, high-definition images. This new collation permits a renewed attempt at translation of the ostracon, which is interpreted as a record of the summons of a defendant in a legal dispute. In the course of analysis, it is argued that if the decipherment is accepted, the language of the text appears to be an archaic, dialectal form of Hebrew. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses seclusion experience ("social distance") during covid19 pandemics from an autoethnographic situation. It faces the challenge of some reduced multi-species ethnography within standard space/spacialization typical of Western modes of existence - a room and its window in a flat. The question of Anthropocene and zoonosis brings up the context of eschatological impasses and necessary postponement of the end of the world. The event summons up related themes from hummingbirds and other species agenced by their ephemeral presence, namely: illness experience, solastalgia, discursive drive and cloister theory revisited. Confinement or isolation, which became political - opened up to an unavoidable minimalist landscape apparently poor in animals or plants, emulating some zen garden or even a desert. Equally, it suggests growing emphasis on multi-species ethnographies involving endangered animals, 'edge' experiences, but also regarding unnoticed or undervalued urban species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare and Race," edited by Ayanna Thompson, challenges readers to analyze racecraft in Shakespeare's works. The collection of essays delves into the intersection of Shakespeare's plays and race, exploring questions of racial progressiveness and accountability. The book offers a comprehensive overview of early modern critical race studies, engaging readers with historical context, critical readings of plays, and contemporary performance histories. It also critically examines whiteness as more than just a binary opposite, urging readers to question and engage with Shakespeare's works through a critical lens. [Extracted from the article]

The subject of this text is the study of the ritual practice associated with summoning of demonic beings - Queen of Spades and Bloody Mary. The purpose of the text is to characterize the specific process of summoning ghosts, as well as to look for the prototypes of the considered female figures. The different conditions under which the sessions take place, their socio-historical context and the characters anchoring in popular culture, being its product, are compared. Attention is also paid to the social function of such practices, with an emphasis on their psychological interpretation. Queen of Spades and Bloody Mary are perceived as manifestations of fear, but at the same time, they are its antipodes, and the roots of this statement are sought in the initiation practices among adolescents associated with the transition to adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pandectele Române is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study aims to provide important insights in advancing the hospitality workforce by exploring the dimensions of calling. By identifying significant calling dimensions among hospitality employees, the study is guided by work as calling theory by also examining the mediating role of employees' professional identity on intention to leave the industry. Design/methodology/approach: This study used an exploratory mixed-methods approach. Study 1 included an online qualitative survey to explore the significant dimensions of calling among hospitality employees. Study 2 measured the significance of hospitality calling dimensions on intention to leave the industry, mediated by professional identity. Findings: Study 1 identified transcendent summons, passion and purposeful life as significant dimensions of hospitality calling. Study 2 examined calling as a second-order construct with the aforementioned dimensions and proposed calling increases professional identity and decreases intention to leave the industry. However, professional identity did not significantly influence the intention to leave the industry. Originality/value: This study brings value to the calling literature by exploring the calling dimensions unique to the hospitality workforce. Findings also highlight that subjective professional identity alone cannot lower employees' intention to leave the industry. Organizational and industry support focusing on transcendent summons, passion and purposeful life are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Anthropocene problematic calls for imaginative aesthetic experiments fostering more-than-human thought and sensibilities. In this thought experiment, I draw on a sensing device in conjuring a thermal imaginary that decenters the human, espying a glimpse of a strange and uncanny world-without-us. The imaginary is a speculative performance in elemental attunement – becoming-molecular, becoming-imperceptible in the generative potentia of planetary heat – opening a pathway in rethinking bodies and worlds as emergent in, and through, forces elemental and cosmic in scope. The thermal imaginary accentuates the elemental as exorbitant, anonymous, and nonpossessable, an earthly plenum beyond any final capture, possession, mastery and control. Elemental alterity, the very strangeness of the earth, rises in the thermal imaginary as a summons, a calling from the "outside," gesturing toward an immanent ethics of radical openness working in, and through, earthly bodies always already exposed and vulnerable in the force of the elemental. We must be open to the elemental summons, expanding capacities for what a body can do, moving beyond spinning reductive and redemptive Anthropocene narratives for saving this world. There can be no new bodies and worlds to come in the absence of an elemental ethics worthy of the earth itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The twenty-first Century was marked by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and some of its characteristcs are development of intelligent machines and systems, among other aspects. As in impact of this revolution, Brazilian Courts have been using artificial intelligence systems to map and develop solutions for specific problems, in order to offer make judicial process faster. One of the solutions created was "Projeto Mandamus". Developed by the University of Brasília -- UnB and Tribunal de Justiça de Roraima (TJRR), the project's purpose was to create an inteligente center of warrants to improve the process of summons and subpoena in some procedural classes. This paper analyses the research problem identified in the project, as well as detail the steps followed to develop a technological solution that created two robots responsibles for classifying judicial decisions, made to then automatically generate warrants and distribute them efficiently. which facilitated, optimized and improved the economy of Brazilian Courts and made judicial process faster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Mediterranean Knowledge is the property of International Centre for Studies & Research (ICSR) Mediterranean Knowledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Generally, the civil suit is when Plaintiff can seek to hold Defendant liable for a few types of harm or wrongful act. Before commencing a civil suit or advising the client on filing a civil suit, there are five factors that need to be considered. The five factors include cause of action, limitation period, parties to the suit, jurisdiction and mode of commencement. Next, there are two modes of commencement of civil suits in Malaysia. The modes are the Writ and Originating Summons. The Writ must be filed by the Plaintiff either by their Solicitor or personally in court. This is the first step in commencing a civil proceeding. Writ is one of the examples in the originating process and a formal document that will be addressed to the defendant, which serves to notify them of the proceedings. It is a letter of demand in setting out the claims against the recipient. Next, the Originating Summons is suitable for the Plaintiff or Applicant who intends to make an application under statutory provisions. There are a few differences between the mode of commencement by Writ and Originating Summons. The objective of the article is to understand the procedures for commencing a civil suit. Hence, qualitative writing is based on primary and secondary sources. A comparative analysis has been conducted to compare the procedures for commencing a civil suit between Malaysia and India. The comparative analysis compares and highlights the mode of commencement in Malaysia and India and recommends ways to improvise the mode of commencement in Malaysia. Hence, this paper suggests that more comprehensive and detailed modes of commencement must be included in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]