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An investigation was performed to measure the arc temperature and arc shape in a SF6 circuit breaker (CB) during large current interruption. Experiments were conducted with a 126-kV SF6 CB. To measure the arc shape and the spatial distribution of the arc temperature effectively, the nozzle was replaced with a transparent organic glass material made from a polytetrafluoroethylene material. The arc shape variation was captured by a high-speed camera, and optical filters were installed on the camera in the case of overexposure. The arc temperature measurement was performed by obtaining the spectral line intensities of Cu I 510.5, Cu I 515.3, and Cu I 521.8 nm through a spectrograph, and the temperature was calculated by the two-line method. Measurements were performed during the entire operating process. The variations in the arc temperature with operating time were obtained. The established method was effective for measuring variations in the arc shape and temperature throughout the entire operating process.

The arc temperature profile in an interrupter, which determines the extinguishing characteristic of an SF6 circuit breaker (CB), is of interest to designers and developers. In this investigation, optical fibres and spectrograph were employed to measure the arc temperature profiles in a 252 kV SF6 CB during short current interrupting. The temperature profiles of the upstream, throat, and downstream of the nozzle have been measured. The optical fibres can transfer the arc light from the measuring points in the nozzle to the spectrograph. Moreover, the spectral line intensities of copper (Cu) 510.5, Cu 515.3, and Cu 521.8 nm were obtained by the spectrograph. The condition in CB can be treated as a local thermal equilibrium system, and the temperature profiles can be calculated by two-line method and Abel inverse method. The arc temperature profiles of the interrupter under 15–50 kA root mean square current have been analysed through the method established in this investigation.

A continuous atmospheric plasma (AP) polymerisation method was developed, using an acrylonitrile precursor, to enhance the adhesion of carbon fibres to an elastomeric resorcinol formaldehyde latex ...

Based on the mode coupling theory of the titled fiber Bragg grating with the numerical analysis methods,the tilted angle and modulation index on the effection of tilted fiber grating reflectivity spectra of front-back core mode coupling and characteristics of tilted fiber grating reflectivity and transmission spectra for core mode and radiation mode coupling on the condition of different tilted angle,index modulation and grating lengths for different polarization are discussed.The results of the study show that different incident lights with different polarizations are exactly the same for front and back core mode couplings.Incident light of s polarization and p polarization state should be taken into account for the radiation mode coupling,because reflectivity spectra envelope are affected by modulation of extinction coefficient and incident light with different polarizations have different extinction coefficients.Moreover,the greater tilted angle is,the more differences for the extinction coefficient of the incident light with difference ploarization is.

Agranulocytosis is a rare and serious adverse effect of antithyroid drugs (ATD), in particular methimazole (MMI), and usually develops within 3 months following the start of uninterrupted ATD treatment. Agranulocytosis may also develop for the first time following interruption and subsequent resumption of the same ATD treatment. In this case report, a 27-year-old female, who was treated for thyrotoxicosis with MMI, developed agranulocytosis following the discontinuation of MMI treatment for four months. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report this. The aim of this report is to increase the awareness of physicians of the onset of agranulocytosis when MMI is discontinued, and to demonstrate that MMI should be used with caution.

This paper discusses certain elements of the architecture and some of the statues preserved in the Hōryūji, Nara, Japan, in comparison with similar structures and artifacts seen in contemporary cave temples in China, especially those at Mogao, in Dunhuang, and Longmen, in Luoyang. Several long-standing problems are elucidated, and tentative dates are established for the beam-structure in the roof of the upper floor of the Main Hall, the roof of the Tamamushi no Zushi, the Bodhisattvas painted on the door leaves, the murals in the Main Hall, and the statues in the Gojūnotō (Five-storied Pagoda).

Objective: To identify clinical and echocardiographic parameters associated with the evolution of the ductus arteriosus in neonates with birth weight lower than 1,500g. Methods: Retrospective study of 119 neonates in which clinical parameters (Prenatal: maternal age, risk of infection and chorioamnionitis, use of corticosteroid, mode of delivery and gestational age. Perinatal: weight, Apgar score, gender and birth weight/gestational age classification; Postnatal: use of surfactant, sepsis, fluid intake, heart murmur, heart rate, precordial movement and pulses, use of diuretics, oxygenation index, desaturation/apnea, ventilatory support, food intolerance, chest radiography, renal function, hemodynamic instability, and metabolic changes) and echocardiographic parameters (ductus arteriosus diameter, ductus arteriosus/weight ratio, left atrium/ aorta ratio, left ventricular diastolic diameter, and transductal flow direction, pattern and velocity) were analyzed. The clinical and echocardiographic parameters analyzed were considered statistically significant when p