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Human heart rhythm is mainly regulated and controlled by the sinoatrial node. Fibrosis plays an important regulating role in adjusting the structural and functional integrity of the sinoatrial node pacemaker complex. In physiological state, the fibrosis degree of sinoatrial node is negatively correlated with heart rate, positively correlated with age and heart size, and can maintain a relatively stable heart rate. Pathological fibrosis of sinoatrial node can induce various types of arrhythmias which can result in sudden death. Determination of the mechanisms related to sinoatrial node pathological fibrosis could provide a target for clinical treatment of sinoatrial node fibrosis and diagnosis basis for forensic pathologists. This paper reviews the main mechanism of sinoatrial node pathological fibrosis, including abnormal activation of cardiac fibroblast cells in sinoatrial node, hyperplasia of epicardial adipose tissue, calcium clock disorder, artery stenosis, etc., introduces the test methods, diagnostic criteria as well as its role in sudden cardiac death and discusses the potential application, to provide reference for relevant research and application.窦房结病理性纤维化的研究进展.人类心脏节律主要受窦房结调控，纤维化对窦房结起搏复合体的结构和功能完整性有重要调节作用。在生理状态下，窦房结中纤维化的量与心率呈负相关，与年龄、心脏大小呈正相关，并可维持心率相对稳定。窦房结病理性纤维化可能导致不同类型的心律失常引起猝死。明确窦房结病理性纤维化相关机制将为临床治疗窦房结纤维化提供靶点，也可为法医病理学工作者提供诊断依据。本文回顾了窦房结病理性纤维化的主要机制，包括窦房结内心脏成纤维细胞异常激活、心外膜脂肪组织增生、钙钟紊乱、血管狭窄等，介绍其检验方法、诊断标准及在心脏性猝死中的作用，探讨其潜在的应用领域，为相关研究、应用提供参考。.法医病理学；窦房结；纤维化；猝死；综述.

We predict a nonlinear Hall effect in certain Weyl semimetals with broken inversion symmetry. When the energy dispersions about pairs of Weyl nodes are skewed -- the Weyl cones are "tilted" -- the concerted actions of the anomalous velocity and the chiral anomaly give rise to the nonlinear Hall effect. This Hall conductivity is linear in both electric and magnetic fields, and depends critically on the tilting of the Weyl cones. We also show that this effect does not rely on a finite Berry curvature dipole, in contrast to the intrinsic quantum nonlinear Hall effect that was recently observed in type-II Weyl semimetals., v2: 12 pages, 4 figures; version accepted for publication in PRB

高C反应蛋白（CRP）水平对多种自身免疫性风湿病病情活动的参考价值已广泛认可，但CRP升高对判定部分系统性自身免疫性风湿病（SARDs）如系统性红斑狼疮、干燥综合征、皮肌炎等合并感染的参考意义还远未受到重视。由于糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂的长期使用，感染成为SARDs的首位死亡原因。临床常用的感染指标降钙素原在系统性红斑狼疮等疾病活动时亦会增高，因而对病情活动抑或感染的判断存有争议。CRP在SARDs疾病活动或复发时多处于无应答或低应答状态，而红细胞沉降率（ESR）较少受到影响。借助这种分离现象对长期不明原因的发热或有SARDs的提示作用，对确诊的SARDs的发热原因有鉴别诊断作用，连续动态监测CRP水平对治疗高CRP相关性自身免疫性风湿病是否继发感染的参考价值更大。.

To explore the effects of hsa_circ_001193 on the proliferation and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells.The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression level of hsa_circ_001193 in three NPC cell lines (CNE-1, SUNE-1, and HONE-1) and human normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line (NP69) was detected via quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression of hsa_circ_001193 was silenced through transient transfection with small-interfering RNA (siRNA). Regulatory effects of hsa_circ_001193 knockdown on the proliferation and apoptosis of HONE-1 cells were determined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. Potential miRNAs binding hsa_circ_001193 were predicted in the StarBase, which was further verified via Dual-Luciferase reporter assay and qRT-PCR. Moreover, the involvement of the predicted target miRNA in the proliferation of HONE-1 cells regulated by hsa_circ_001193 was determined by CCK-8 assay.Compared with that in human normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line (NP69), the expression of hsa_circ_001193 was significantly upregulated in NPC cell lines (p0.05). The results of CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay showed that knockdown of hsa_circ_001193 could significantly suppress the cell proliferation ability and colony formation ability compared with control group (p0.05). The results of flow cytometry revealed that the apoptosis rate in hsa_circ_001193 knockdown group was remarkably higher than that in control group (p0.05). Besides, according to the analysis of StarBase database, there were binding sites between hsa_circ_001193 and miR-496. The Dual-Luciferase reporter assay manifested that miR-496 bound hsa_circ_001193 (p0.05).Hsa_circ_001193 can serve as the miR-496 sponge, which regulates proliferation and apoptosis of NPC cells through up-regulating miR-496. Our findings provide a new therapeutic target for NPC.

茶及其提取物具有抗癌、抗氧化、抗炎、抗感染、抗胶原酶、抗纤维化、促进骨生成等作用。茶能降低普通人群功能性残疾及全因死亡率，对系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、骨关节炎等风湿病有补充治疗作用，对风湿病的共病包括血液系统肿瘤、实体瘤、心脑血管不良事件、代谢综合征、血糖、血脂、焦虑、抑郁、认知障碍及感染或有降低发病风险、改善疾病本身或预后的作用。在戒烟、禁酒、避免饮用温度过高茶的前提下，适度增加每日茶的摄入对风湿病及其共病不无裨益。.

In this paper, we report 591 high velocity star candidates (HiVelSCs) selected from over 10 million spectra of the data release seven (DR7) of the Large Sky Area Multi-object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope and the second Gaia data release, with three-dimensional velocities in the Galactic rest-frame larger than 445 km/s. We show that at least 43 HiVelSCs are unbound to the Galaxy with escape probabilities larger than 50%, and this number decreases to eight if the possible parallax zero-point error is corrected. Most of these HiVelSCs are metal-poor and slightly alpha-enhanced inner halo stars. Only 14% of them have [Fe/H] > -1, which may be the metal-rich "in situ" stars in halo formed in the initial collapse of the Milky Way or metal-rich stars formed in the disk or bulge but kinematically heated. The low ratio of 14% implies that the bulk of stellar halo was formed from the accretion and tidal disruption of satellite galaxies. In addition, HiVelSCs on the retrograde orbits have a slightly lower metallicities on average compared with these on the prograde orbits, meanwhile metal-poor HiVelSCs with [Fe/H] < -1 have an even faster mean retrograde velocity compared with metal-rich HiVelSCs. To investigate the origins of HiVelSCs, we perform orbit integrations and divide them into four types, i.e., hypervelocity stars, hyper-runaway stars, runaway stars and fast halo stars. A catalog for these 591 HiVelSCs, including radial velocities, atmospheric parameters, Gaia astrometric parameters, spatial positions, and velocities, etc., is available at http://paperdata.chinavo.org/LYB/lamostdr7_gaiadr2_hvs_591.csv., 28 pages, 13 pages, Accepted by ApJS

Surface states of three-dimensional topological insulators exhibit the phenomenon of spin–momentum locking, whereby the orientation of an electron spin is determined by its momentum. Probing the spin texture of these states is of critical importance for the realization of topological insulator devices, but the main technique currently available is spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Here we reveal a close link between the spin texture and a new kind of magnetoresistance, which depends on the relative orientation of the current with respect to the magnetic field as well as the crystallographic axes, and scales linearly with both the applied electric and magnetic fields. This bilinear magnetoelectric resistance can be used to map the spin texture of topological surface states by simple transport measurements. For a prototypical Bi2Se3 single layer, we can map both the in-plane and out-of-plane components of the spin texture (the latter arising from hexagonal warping). Theoretical calculations suggest that the bilinear magnetoelectric resistance originates from conversion of a non-equilibrium spin current into a charge current under application of the external magnetic field. A method for resolving the spin texture of the surface state of a topological insulator using a transport measurement is developed. Understanding the spin texture will help engineer spintronic devices.

Porous metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (PMS-SOFCs) demonstrate potential to dramatically reduce their costs while simultaneously enhancing the durability of SOFCs. However, owing to the unsatisfactory performance improvement of PMS-SOFCs at low temperatures and available fabrication processes, their commercial applications are limited. In this study, exceptional performance of PMS-SOFCs for electricity generation at low temperatures (400–600 °C) with vacuum cold sprayed (VCS) nanostructured La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF) as the high-activity cathode, the plasma-sprayed Ce0.8Gd0.2O2−δ/La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3−δ (GDC/LSGM) bilayer as the electrolyte, and a cermet consisting of the nickel–gadolinium-doped-ceria (Ni–GDC) composite as the anode. By carefully controlling the spray particle size, a nanostructured LSCF cathode is obtained, and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is activated. Consequently, the microstructurally optimized cell exhibits remarkable peak power densities of >1 W/cm2 at 600 °C and >0.2 W/cm2 at 450 °C. Moreover, this nanostructured cathode maintains high activity over 1000 h at 550 °C due to the stable microstructure , strontium (Sr) surface segregation, and the exceptional stability of PMS-SOFCs. Our results demonstrate a simple route to dramatically improve the performance and stability of PMS-SOFCs operating at low temperatures by using a nanoscale cathode for activity toward the ORR.

We excite the gyrotropic mode of a magnetic vortex and observe the resulting effect on the spin state of a nearby nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect in diamond. Thin permalloy disks fabricated on a diamond sample are magnetized in a vortex state in which the magnetization curls around a central core. The magnetization dynamics of this configuration are described by a discrete spectrum of confined magnon modes, as well as a low-frequency gyrotropic mode in which the vortex core precesses about its equilibrium position. Despite the spin transition frequencies being far-detuned from the modes of the ferromagnet, we observe enhanced relaxation of the NV spin when driving the gyrotropic mode. Moreover, we map the spatial dependence of the interaction between the vortex and the spin by translating the vortex core within the disk with an applied magnetic field, resulting in steplike motion as the vortex is pinned and de-pinned. The strong spin relaxation is observed when the vortex core is within approximately 250 nm of the NV center defect. We attribute this effect to the higher frequencies in the spectrum of the magnetic fringe field arising from the soliton-like nature of the gyrotropic mode when driven with sufficiently large amplitude., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid malignancy with physiological microRNA (miR) pathomorphological changes. MiR-548c-3p participates in multiple processes of tumor development and progression. However, the role of miR-548c-3p in PTC and the underlying mechanisms remain undefined. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the expression of miR-548c-3p in PTC and to explore its exact function.MiR-548c-3p expression was analyzed in PTC tissue and cell lines by Real-Time fluorescence quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction. Colony formation and cell viability assay were used to measure cell proliferation. Wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay were conducted to examine cell migration and invasion. The protein expression of the signaling pathways was determined by Western blot analysis.Our results indicated that miR-548c-3p was downregulated in PTC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, miR-548c-3p mimics suppressed PTC cell viability, colony formation, cell migration, and invasion capacity. Low expression of miR-548c-3p significantly enhanced N-cadherin and vimentin expression. A negative correlation was determined between miR-548c-3p and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, indicating that miR-548c-3p inhibited tumor progression by suppressing the HIF1α-mediated VEGF signaling pathway.MiR-548c-3p could suppress PTC progression by inhibiting the HIF1α-mediated VEGF signaling pathway.

With a topological insulator/magnetic insulator bilayer, we demonstrate topological surface state–driven magnetization switching., Topological surface states (TSSs) in a topological insulator are expected to be able to produce a spin-orbit torque that can switch a neighboring ferromagnet. This effect may be absent if the ferromagnet is conductive because it can completely suppress the TSSs, but it should be present if the ferromagnet is insulating. This study reports TSS-induced switching in a bilayer consisting of a topological insulator Bi2Se3 and an insulating ferromagnet BaFe12O19. A charge current in Bi2Se3 can switch the magnetization in BaFe12O19 up and down. When the magnetization is switched by a field, a current in Bi2Se3 can reduce the switching field by ~4000 Oe. The switching efficiency at 3 K is 300 times higher than at room temperature; it is ~30 times higher than in Pt/BaFe12O19. These strong effects originate from the presence of more pronounced TSSs at low temperatures due to enhanced surface conductivity and reduced bulk conductivity.

An intriguing property of three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) is the existence of surface states with spin-momentum locking, which offers a new frontier of exploration in spintronics. Here, we report the observation of a new type of Hall effect in a 3D TI Bi2Se3 film. The Hall resistance scales linearly with both the applied electric and magnetic fields and exhibits a {\pi}/2 angle offset with respect to its longitudinal counterpart, in contrast to the usual angle offset of {\pi}/4 between the linear planar Hall effect and the anisotropic magnetoresistance. This novel nonlinear planar Hall effect originates from the conversion of a nonlinear transverse spin current to a charge current due to the concerted actions of spin-momentum locking and time reversal symmetry breaking, which also exists in a wide class of non-centrosymmetric materials with a large span of magnitude. It provides a new way to characterize and utilize the nonlinear spin-to-charge conversion in a variety of topological quantum materials.

Weyl semimetals (WSMs) are a newly discovered class of quantum materials which can host a number of exotic bulk transport properties, such as the chiral magnetic effect, negative magneto-resistance, and the anomalous Hall effect. In this work, we investigate theoretically the spin-to-charge conversion in a bilayer consisting of a magnetic WSM and a normal metal (NM), where a charge current can be induced in the WSM by an spin current injection at the interface. We show that the induced charge current exhibits a peculiar anisotropy: it vanishes along the magnetization orientation of the magnetic WSM, regardless of the direction of the injected spin. This anisotropy originates from the unique band structure of magnetic WSMs and distinguishes the spin-to-charge conversion effect in WSM/NM structures from that observed in other systems, such as heterostructures involving heavy metals or topological insulators. The induced charge current depends strongly on injected spin orientation, as well as on the position of the Fermi level relative to the Weyl nodes and the separation between them. These dependencies provide additional means to control and manipulate spin-charge conversion in these topological materials., 7 pages with an appendix, 2 figures

Chromium telluride compounds are promising ferromagnets for proximity coupling to magnetic topological insulators (MTIs) of the Cr-doped (Bi,Sb)2(Se,Te)3 class of materials as they share the same elements, thus simplifying thin film growth, as well as due to their compatible crystal structure. Recently, it has been demonstrated that high quality (001)-oriented Cr2Te3 thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy can be grown on c-plane sapphire substrate. Here, we present a magnetic and soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy study of the chemical and magnetic properties of Cr2Te3 thin films. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measured at the Cr L2,3 edges gives information about the local electronic and magnetic structure of the Cr ions. We further demonstrate the overgrowth of Cr2Te3 (001) thin films by high-quality Cr-doped Sb2Te3 films. The magnetic properties of the layers have been characterized and our results provide a starting point for refining the physical models of the complex magnetic ordering in Cr2Te3 thin films, and their integration into advanced MTI heterostructures for quantum device applications.

To detect the protein level of Decorin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and to study the mechanism of Decorin inhibiting invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer from the perspective of in vitro cells, and provide some theoretical support for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of Decorin protein in 332 cases of stage I-IIIA clinical NSCLC and 70 cases of adjacent tissues. Then, in vitro cell experiments (cell scratch assay and transwell assay) were used to further study the effects of Decorin on migration and invasion of human lung cancer cell line A549; the effect of transforming growth factor-β on the expression of Decorin and Ets-1 protein was verified by Western blotting. The binding sites of Ets-1 and Decorin promoter were analyzed by bioinformatics.Exogenous Decorin inhibited invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro. Immunohistochemical staining showed that Decorin was lowly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer and Decorin had a certain effect on lung fibroblast activation. Western blotting results showed that TGF-β affects the expression of Decorin and Ets-1. Bioinformatics results showed that Ets-1 and Decorin gene DNA promoter regions have 18 binding sites.Decorin inhibits invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer through the TGF-β signaling pathway.

强直性脊柱炎相关性葡萄膜炎常见且易复发，与HLA-B(27)、病程及疾病活动性相关。风湿、眼科医生需密切合作，共同制定治疗方案。葡萄膜炎以急性前葡萄膜炎为主，眼科局部治疗多预后良好，切勿盲目全身应用糖皮质激素。少数复发频繁且症状较重的葡萄膜炎，可酌情短期全身应用糖皮质激素或选择单抗类肿瘤坏死因子α抑制剂。.

Tailoring Gilbert damping of metallic ferromagnetic thin films is one of the central interests in spintronics applications. Here we report a giant Gilbert damping anisotropy in epitaxial Co$_{50}$Fe$_{50}$ thin film with a maximum-minimum damping ratio of 400 \%, determined by broadband spin-torque as well as inductive ferromagnetic resonance. We conclude that the origin of this damping anisotropy is the variation of the spin orbit coupling for different magnetization orientations in the cubic lattice, which is further corroborate from the magnitude of the anisotropic magnetoresistance in Co$_{50}$Fe$_{50}$., Comment: 13 pages, 14 figures

A number of recent experimental works have shown that the dynamics of a single spin torque oscillator can exhibit complex behavior that stems from interactions between two or more modes of the oscillator, such as observed mode-hopping or mode coexistence. There has been some initial work indicating how the theory for a single-mode (macro-spin) spin torque oscillator should be generalized to include several modes and the interactions between them. In the present work, we rigorously derive such a theory starting with the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation for magnetization dynamics by expanding up to third-order terms in deviation from equilibrium. Our results show how a linear mode coupling, which is necessary for observed mode-hopping to occur, arises through coupling to a magnon bath. The acquired temperature dependence of this coupling implies that the manifold of orbits and fixed points may shift with temperature.

The study of multiple explosion resistance in offshore platform is important in the rescues of life and equipment. To evaluate residual anti-explosion performance of blast wall, numerical investigations are conducted suffering twice sequential blasts. Then comparison with analytical results under the single blast with the same impulse load is implemented. Results show that different from the single blast, the blast wall is bent as a fold after the second blast. There are three kinds of plastic hinge after the second blast due to the latent plastic hinge caused by the first blast. The prediction of residual ultimate resistance shows that additional plastic hinges strengthen the anti-explosion capability. The second blast evaluation is instructive to reinforce the structure and to set the passive plastic hinges

We theoretically investigate a new kind of nonlinear magnetoresistance on the surface of three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs). At variance with the unidirectional magnetoresistance (UMR) effect in magnetic bilayers, this nonlinear magnetoresistance does not rely on a conducting ferromagnetic layer and scales linearly with both the applied electric and magnetic fields; for this reason, we name it bilinear magneto-electric resistance (BMER). We show that the sign and the magnitude of the BMER depends sensitively on the orientation of the current with respect to the magnetic field as well as the crystallographic axes -- a property that can be utilized to map out the spin texture of the topological surface states via simple transport measurement, alternative to the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES)., 12 pages, single column, 3 figures

We explore the second order bilinear magnetoelectric resistance (BMER) effect in the $d$-electron-based two-dimensional electron gas $(2\mathrm{DEG})$ at the ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}(111)$ surface. We find evidence of a spin-split band structure with the archetypal spin-momentum locking of the Rashba effect for the in-plane component. Under an out-of-plane magnetic field, we find a BMER signal that breaks the sixfold symmetry of the electronic dispersion, which is a fingerprint for the presence of a momentum-dependent out-of-plane spin component. Relativistic electronic structure calculations reproduce this spin texture and indicate that the out-of-plane component is a ubiquitous property of oxide 2DEGs arising from strong crystal field effects. We further show that the BMER response of the ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}(111)$ 2DEG is tunable and unexpectedly large.

The effects of crack defects on electronic and magnetic properties of zigzag MoS

We explore the second order bilinear magnetoelectric resistance (BMER) effect in the d-electron-based two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the SrTiO_{3}(111) surface. We find evidence of a spin-split band structure with the archetypal spin-momentum locking of the Rashba effect for the in-plane component. Under an out-of-plane magnetic field, we find a BMER signal that breaks the sixfold symmetry of the electronic dispersion, which is a fingerprint for the presence of a momentum-dependent out-of-plane spin component. Relativistic electronic structure calculations reproduce this spin texture and indicate that the out-of-plane component is a ubiquitous property of oxide 2DEGs arising from strong crystal field effects. We further show that the BMER response of the SrTiO_{3}(111) 2DEG is tunable and unexpectedly large.

The recently introduced concept of "surface Berry plasmons" is studied in the concrete instance of a ferromagnetic conductor in which the Berry curvature, generated by spin-orbit (SO) interaction, has opposite signs for carriers parallel or antiparallel to the magnetization. By using collisionless hy- drodynamic equations with appropriate boundary conditions, we study both the surface plasmons of a three-dimensional ferromagnetic conductor and the edge plasmons of a two-dimensional one. The anomalous velocity and the broken inversion symmetry at the surface or the edge of the conductor create a "handedness", whereby the plasmon frequency depends not only on the angle between the wave vector and the magnetization, but also on the direction of propagation along a given line. In particular, we find that the frequency of the edge plasmon depends on the direction of propagation along the edge. These Berry curvature effects are compared and contrasted with similar effects induced in the plasmon dispersion by an external magnetic field in the absence of Berry curvature. We argue that Berry curvature effects may be used to control the direction of propagation of the surface plasmons via coupling with the magnetization of ferromagnetic conductors, and thus create a link between plasmonics and spintronics., 12 pages, 5 figures; corrected affiliation information

Magnetic skyrmions in noncentrosymmetric helimagnets with D_{n} symmetry are Bloch-type magnetization swirls with a helicity angle of ±90°. At the surface of helimagnetic thin films below a critical thickness, a twisted skyrmion state with an arbitrary helicity angle has been proposed; however, its direct experimental observation has remained elusive. Here, we show that circularly polarized resonant elastic x-ray scattering is able to unambiguously measure the helicity angle of surface skyrmions, providing direct experimental evidence that a twisted skyrmion surface state also exists in bulk systems. The exact surface helicity angles of twisted skyrmions for both left- and right-handed chiral bulk Cu_{2}OSeO_{3}, in the single as well as in the multidomain skyrmion lattice state, are determined, revealing their detailed internal structure. Our findings suggest that a skyrmion surface reconstruction is a universal phenomenon, stemming from the breaking of translational symmetry at the interface.

Thyroid cancer is a common malignancy derived from the endocrine system and the incidence of thyroid cancer is on the rise. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type, and 90% of PTC patients have long-term survival, but the recurrence rate is still as high as 30%. Current diagnostic and postoperative monitoring techniques have been developed, but their negative rates and interfering factors also occupy an absolute proportion, and lack specific markers for the prognosis of PTC. Studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with the development, metastasis and invasiveness of PTC and as a biomarker to aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of recurrence, and to determine the prognosis for specific markers. The future of PTC diagnosis, treatment and improve prognosis has broad prospects. This review mainly describes the development of miRNA as biomarkers for the diagnosis, recurrence and prognosis of PTC.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) is a hereditary syndrome. Here, two different RET proto-oncogen mutation were identified from family members of two MEN2A pedigrees by genetic screening. One RET mutations were found at codons 1893 and 1895 in exon 11 (1893-1895delCGA) from pedigree 1, which is a novel mutation, the other occurs at codon 634 (Cys634Arg) in exon 11 from pedigree 2. However, the clinical characteristics were similar in the patients of the two pedigrees. All the patients were in middle-age at onset. Most of them were firstly diagnosed with bilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma with different degrees of thyroid abnormalities (elevated serum calcitonin with or without thyroid mass, or had been diagnosed with medullary thyroid carcinoma). Some family members were with elevated serum parathyroid hormone but with no other evidences for hyperparathyroidism.通过对多发性内分泌腺瘤病2A型（MEN2A）家系成员进行DNA测序，发现两个MEN2A家系RET原癌基因存在不同的基因突变方式，其中家系1的基因突变为一种新的突变类型（第11外显子杂合突变1893~1895delCGA）；虽然突变方式不同，但临床表现相似，均为中年发病，大部分以双侧肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤起病；有不同程度的甲状腺异常，血降钙素升高伴或不伴甲状腺出现占位性病变，或已确诊为甲状腺髓样癌（MTC）；部分成员血甲状旁腺激素（iPTH）升高，但尚缺少诊断甲状旁腺功能亢进症（HPT）的其他证据。.

We study the topological Hall effect in a diffusive ferromagnetic metal thin film by solving a Boltzmann transport equation in the presence of spin-flip scattering. A generalized spin diffusion equation is derived, which contains an additional source term associated with the gradient of the emergent magnetic field that arises, and its solution shows that spin accumulation may build up in the vicinity of the magnetic skyrmions. We show that the spin accumulation gives rise to a spin polarized diffusion current that in general suppresses that bulk topological Hall current. Only when the spin diffusion length is much smaller than the skyrmion size, the topological Hall resistivity approaches to the one originally derived by Bruno \textit{et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{93}, 096806 (2004)]. We derive a general expression of the TH resistivity that applies to thin-film geometries with spin-flip scattering, and show that the corrections to the TH resistivity become large when the size of room temperature skyrmions is further reduced to tens of nanometers., 8 pages, 6 figures

Crop germplasms substantially vary in their tolerance for and accumulation of heavy metals, and assessment of this variability plays a significant role in selecting species to use in phytoremediation projects. Here, we examined germplasm-variations in cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) tolerance and accumulation in ramie (Boehmeria nivea), a fiber crop native to China, which has received little attention. In an 8-week greenhouse test, fourteen germplasms of ramie, among and within deep, middle, and shallow rooted-types, were compared for growth and metal accumulation traits. Results showed that both tolerance and accumulation traits varied across germplasms and rooted-types. The deep rooted-type germplasms produced more biomass and had higher tolerance to metals than the two others. In addition, considerable variations in metal accumulation were observed among plant organs (root, stem, and leaf), rooted-types, germplasms, and metal supply. However, the observed variations in metal tolerance and accumulation among both germplasms and rooted-types were not significant in most cases. In addition to supporting the idea of a certain degree of constitutional metal tolerance for ramie, our results also contribute to deep-rooted germplasms of ramie as a good candidate, rather than middle-/shallow- ones as a least-bad option, for the remediation of multi metal-contaminated soils.

Traditional tool was difficult to achieve digitisation and precision in manufacturing high-speed train panels. Thus, multi-point tooling was proposed as a novel and flexible manufacturing equipment. In this paper, the principle and implementation of multi-point tooling were described, and the key techniques in stretching and trimming process were discussed. To verify the feasibility and manufacturing effects in application, typical high-speed train panels forming process was carried out with multi-point tooling and commercial finite-element software, respectively. Comparison and analysis of strain distribution, thinning rate in thickness and shape errors were made between simulation results and experimental results. The results show consistency and may provide instructive guidance on high-speed train panels manufacturing.

Bond strength of glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars with helically wound ribs was experimentally investigated in this study and compared to that of smooth glass fibre-reinforced polymer bars and steel bars. A total of 63 pullout specimens are tested. Variables of the tests involved four types of bars, namely, glass fibre-reinforced polymer bar with helically wound ribs, smooth glass fibre-reinforced polymer bar, ribbed steel bar and smooth steel bar, as well as different bonding agents, including normal concrete, high-performance concrete, grout and epoxy resin. Test results showed that bond failure of glass fibre-reinforced polymer bars with helically wound ribs is because of the shearing off of the ribs with small slips, and the ribs helically wound can improve the bond strength of glass fibre-reinforced polymer bars by 3∼14 times, which is around 13, 9·31 and 15·7 MPa in concrete, grout and epoxy resin, respectively. In addition, polypropylene fibres in high-performance concrete can imp...

SummaryMost pear (Pyrus L.) cultivars exhibit gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI), controlled by a single S-locus. Crosscompatible cultivars with different S-genotypes must be inter-planted in an orchard for efficient fruit production.Thus, it is essential to identify S-genotypes in order to choose pollinators for fruit production. The S-genotypes of many Chinese pear cultivars have been identified, but some results remain inconsistent. In this study, 15 Chinese pear cultivars with inconsistent S-genotypes were selected for further identification using 37 leaf samples collected from six different regions in China. The S-genotypes of all 15 pear cultivars were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloning, and sequencing of the PCR products. The S-genotypes were as follows: ‘Baozhuli’ (S22S42), ‘Cangxixueli’ (S5S15), ‘Hanxiang’ (S12S31), ‘Hangqing’ (S1S4), ‘Jinqiuli’ (S3S9), ‘Jinfeng’ (S17S19), ‘Longxiang’ (S16S42), ‘Nanguoli’ (S11S17), ‘Pingxiangli’ (S31Sd), ‘Qingkui’ (S1S3), ‘Qingxiang’ (S4S...

Background:Some studies demonstrated that physical activity may have beneficial effect on cognitive function. The objective of the study was to estimate the association between physical activity and cognitive function in community-dwelling elderly Chinese in Hong Kong (HK) and Guangzhou (GZ).Methods:In the neighborhood of HK and GZ, a convenience sample of 557 (260 in HK and 297 in GZ) older persons without dementia aged over 60 years (73.4 ± 6.5) was recruited. Physical activity was measured using a checklist. Information on physical activity participation, cognitive function, and other variables were collected. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between physical activity and cognitive function.Results:Total number of physical activities showed significant association with the delayed recall test (p < 0.01) and category verbal fluency test (CVFT) (p < 0.01). However, with further adjustment for participation in intellectual activity, the coefficients were no longer statistically significant (p > 0.05)Conclusion:Physical activity may not be associated with better cognitive function among elderly Chinese independently of other factors.

We present a general drift-diffusion theory beyond linear response to explain the unidirectional magnetoresistance (UMR) observed in recent experiments in various magnetic heterostructures. In general, such nonlinear magnetoresistance may originate from the concerted action of current-induced spin accumulation and spin asymmetry in electron mobility. As a case study, we calculate the UMR in a bilayer system consisting of a heavy-metal (HM) and a ferromagnetic metal (FM), where the spin accumulation is induced via the spin Hall effect in the bulk of the HM layer. Our previous formulation [cf. PRB 94, 140411(R) (2016)] is generalized to include the interface resistance and spin memory loss, which allows us to analyze in details their effects on the UMR. We found that the UMR turns out to be independent of the spin asymmetry of the interfacial resistance, at variance with the linear giant-magnetoresistance (GMR) effect. A linear relation between the UMR and the conductivity-spin asymmetry is revealed, which provides an alternative way to control the sign and magnitude of the UMR and hence may serve as an experimental signature of our proposed mechanism.

Recent experiments on spin torque oscillators have revealed interactions between multiple magnetodynamic modes, including mode-coexistence, mode-hopping, and temperature-driven cross-over between modes. Initial multimode theory has indicated that a linear coupling between several dominant modes, arising from the interaction of the subdynamic system with a magnon bath, plays an essential role in the generation of various multimode behaviors, such as mode hopping and mode coexistence. In this work, we derive a set of rate equations to describe the dynamics of coupled magnetodynamic modes in a nano-contact spin torque oscillator. Expressions for both linear and nonlinear coupling terms are obtained, which allow us to analyze the dependence of the coupled dynamic behaviors of modes on external experimental conditions as well as intrinsic magnetic properties. For a minimal two-mode system, we further map the energy and phase difference of the two modes onto a two-dimensional phase space, and demonstrate in the phase portraits, how the manifolds of periodic orbits and fixed points vary with external magnetic field as well as with temperature., 13 pages, 8 figures; 2 figures (Figs.5 & 6) corrected and redrawn; 2 new figures (Figs.7 & 8) added; Accepted by Physical Review Applied