208 results on '"Regional languages"'
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52. The problem of official languages in the Spanish 'state of autonomy'
- Subjects
statutes ,separatism ,state of autonomies ,ÑегионалÑнÑе ÑзÑки ,ÐонÑÑиÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ,ÐÑÐ¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ,ÑепаÑаÑизм ,ÑенÑÑализаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð°ÑÑи ,ÑÑаÑÑÑÑ ,Constitution ,Spain ,regional languages ,centralization of power ,гоÑÑдаÑÑÑво авÑономий ,autonomy ,авÑономизаÑÐ¸Ñ - Abstract
Тема вÑпÑÑкной квалиÑикаÑионной ÑабоÑÑ: ÐÑоблема оÑиÑиалÑнÑÑ ÑзÑков в иÑпанÑком «гоÑÑдаÑÑÑве авÑономий». ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑабоÑа поÑвÑÑена иÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ÑзÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² иÑпанÑком гоÑÑдаÑÑÑве, в Ñом ÑиÑле ÑзÑковой ÑиÑÑаÑии в ÑÑÑане на ÑегоднÑÑний денÑ. ÐадаÑи, коÑоÑÑе ÑеÑалиÑÑ Ð² Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ иÑÑледованиÑ: 1. ÐзÑÑение ÑабоÑÑ Ð¸ÑпанÑкой модели ÑеÑÑиÑоÑиалÑного ÑÑÑÑойÑÑва на пÑакÑике. 2. Ðнализ иÑÑоÑии пÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð° к авÑономизаÑии в ÐÑпании, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑедпоÑÑлки ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Â«Ð³Ð¾ÑÑдаÑÑÑва авÑономий». 3. ÐзÑÑение оÑобенного пÑавового ÑÑаÑÑÑа авÑономий, закÑепленного ÐонÑÑиÑÑÑией ÐÑпании Ð¾Ñ 1978 года. 4. РаÑÑмоÑÑение поÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ÑноÑений авÑономнÑÑ ÑообÑеÑÑв дÑÑг Ñ Ð´ÑÑгом, Ñ ÑенÑÑом и за пÑеделами гоÑÑдаÑÑÑва. 5. ÐÑÑлеживание Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑзÑковой ÑиÑÑаÑии в ÑÑÑане Ñ ÑеÑением вÑемени и под влиÑнием полиÑиÑеÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. 6. ÐзÑÑение пÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¾ÑиÑиалÑнÑÑ ÑзÑков в ÑовÑеменной ÐÑпании. Рданной ÑабоÑе вÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑновнÑе ÑакÑоÑÑ, влиÑÑÑие на ÑзÑковÑÑ ÑиÑÑаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² ÑовÑеменной ÐÑпании. ÐодÑобно ÑаÑÑмоÑÑено ÑÑÑÑойÑÑво ÑеÑÑиÑоÑии ÑÑÑанÑ, ÑоÑма пÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ полÑÑнÑе взглÑÐ´Ñ Ð½Ð° пÑоÑеÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑономизаÑии. Также изÑÑена инÑоÑмаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ конÑÑиÑÑÑионной оÑнове авÑономий в ÐÑпании, ÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑе Ð¸Ñ Ð³Ð¾ÑÑдаÑÑÑвенного аппаÑаÑа и взаимооÑноÑениÑÑ Ñ ÑенÑÑалÑной влаÑÑÑÑ, а Ñакже ÑаÑÑмоÑÑено, как изменÑлаÑÑ ÑзÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² гоÑÑдаÑÑÑве Ñ ÑеÑением вÑемени, и наÑколÑко Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð¸ воÑÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑегионалÑнÑе ÑзÑки в авÑономнÑÑ ÑÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑегоднÑÑний денÑ., The subject of the graduate qualification work is: The problem of official languages in the Spanish "state of autonomy". This work is devoted to the study of multilingualism in the Spanish state, including the language situation in the country today. Tasks that were solved in the course of the study: 1. Studying how the Spanish territorial model works in practice. 2. Analysis of the history of autonomization in Spain in order to understand the prerequisites for the creation of a âstate of autonomyâ. 3. The study of the special legal status of autonomies, enshrined in the Spanish Constitution of 1978. 4. Consideration of building relationships of autonomous communities with each other, with the center and outside the state. 5. Tracking changes in the language situation in the country over time and under the influence of political changes. 6. Studying the problem of official languages in modern Spain. This paper identifies the main factors influencing the language situation in modern Spain. The structure of the country's territory, the form of government and polar views on the process of autonomization are considered in detail. It also studied information about the constitutional basis of autonomies in Spain, the structure of their state apparatus and relations with the central government, and also considered how the language situation in the state changed over time, and how important and in demand regional languages are in autonomous regions today.
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- 2022
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53. Early Exposure to Bilingualism and Subsequent School Trajectories
- Author
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Serena Vigezzi, Lidia Panico, Sébastien Grobon, Delphine Remillon, and Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)
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inequality ,Sociology and Political Science ,school trajectories ,regional languages ,bilingualism ,school system ,immigration ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
Frühzeitige Aussetzung zur Zweisprachigkeit und spätere SchullauffbahnenEs wurden verschiedene Hypothesen aufgestellt zu den potentiellen Auswirkungen des Bilingualismus auf die kognitive Enwicklung der Kinder und auf ihren Schulerfolg. Wenige Unrtersuchungen versuchen jedoch, sie empirisch zu bewerten und die vorliegende Literatur beschäftigt sich hauptsächlich mit den Vereinigten Staaten. In diesem Aufsatz nutzen wir eine kürzliche repräsentative Umfrage bei Erwachsenen, die in Frankreich leben (FQP-Untersuchung Formation et Qualification Professionnelle [Ausbildung und berufliche Qualifikation], um die Korrelation zwischen der Aussetzung zu einer zweisprachigen Umwelt der Kinder im Alter von 5 Jahren (sei es eine Regional- oder Fremdsprache) und die spätere Schullaufbahn zu prüfen. Wir erforschen auch, ob diese Kombination sich verändert in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Charakteristiken dieser Bevölkerung. Wir zeigen, daß eine frühzeitige Aussetzung verknüpft ist mit einem geringeren Schulerfolg, besonders zu Ende der Schullaufbahn. Diese negative Korrelation zeigt sich stärker bei Kindern maghrebinischer Abstammung und umgekehrt weniger deutlich bei Kindern aus Südeuropa. Die Korrelation betrifft auch die Kinder, die einer Regionalsprache in ihrer Kindheit ausgesetzt waren. Schließlich ist dieser Nachteil besonders deutlich bei Kindern, deren Eltern die meisten Diplome aufweisen. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen die Bedeutung der Korrelationen zwischen der Aussetzung zur Zweisprachigkeit und den Schullaufbahnen unter Berücksichtigung der Heterogenität der Charakteristiken der zweisprachigen Schüler.; Several contrasting hypotheses have been formulated about the potential effects of bilingualism on children’s cognitive development and their educational success. Yet, few studies empirically test such hypotheses, particularly outside of the US context. In this paper, we use a recent, nationally representative survey of adults living in France (the FQP surveys – Formation et Qualification Professionnelle, Professional Training and Qualification) to question whether being exposed to a bilingual environment (considering both regional and foreign languages) at age 5 is correlated to subsequent educational trajectories. Furthermore, we explore whether characteristics linked to the heterogeneity of the bilingual population modify these associations. We find that early bilingual exposure is negatively associated with several educational outcomes, particularly towards the end of the educational trajectory. Negative correlations are especially striking among those from a North African background, and less marked among those of Southern European origins, but also characterise regional language speakers. This disadvantage is more prominent among those from advantaged backgrounds, compared to those from more disadvantaged backgrounds. Our results highlight the importance of studying correlations between early bilingual exposure and academic subsequent trajectories in light of the heterogeneity of bilingual pupils’ backgrounds.; Exposición temprana al bilingüismo e itinerarios escolares posterioresSe han propuesto varias hipótesis acerca de los efectos potenciales del bilingüismo sobre el desarrollo cognitivo de los niños y su éxito académico. Sin embargo pocas investigaciones procuran distinguirlos de forma empírica, y la literatura existente se centra principalmente en Estados Unidos. En este artículo utilizamos una encuesta reciente, representativa de los adultos viviendo en Francia (la encuesta FQP – “Formation et Qualification professionnelle” [“Formación y Cualificación profesional”]) para estudiar la correlación entre la exposición a un ámbito bilingüe a los cinco años de edad (trátese de una lengua regional o extranjera) y la trayectoria académica posterior. También averiguamos si esa asociación varía segn las distintas características de esa población. Demostramos que una exposición bilingüe precoz se asocia a un éxito académico menor, en particular a finales del camino académico. Esa correlación negativa es más notable entre los individuos de origen magrebí, pero al contrario menos marcada entre los individuos oriundos de la Europa del Sur. Afecta también a aquellos que fueron expuestos a una lengua regional en la infancia. Finalmente esa desventaja está más marcada an en los individuos cuyos padres tienen el mayor nivel académico. Esos resultados demuestran la importancia de estudiar las correlaciones entre exposición al bilingüismo y trayectorias académicas teniendo en cuenta la heterogeneidad de las características de los alumnos bilingües.; Exposition précoce au bilinguisme et trajectoires scolaires ultérieuresPlusieurs hypothèses ont été avancées au sujet des effets potentiels du bilinguisme sur le développement cognitif des enfants et leur réussite scolaire. Toutefois, peu d’études cherchent à les départager empiriquement, et la littérature existante est essentiellement consacrée aux États-Unis. Dans cet article, nous utilisons une enquête récente, représentative des adultes résidant en France (l’enquête « FQP » – « Formation et Qualification professionnelle ») pour étudier la corrélation entre l’exposition à un environnement bilingue à l’âge de 5 ans (qu’il s’agisse d’une langue régionale ou étrangère) et la trajectoire scolaire ultérieure. Nous explorons aussi si cette association varie en fonction des différentes caractéristiques de cette population. Nous montrons qu’une exposition bilingue précoce est associée à une moindre réussite scolaire, particulièrement en fin de parcours scolaire. Cette corrélation négative est plus forte parmi les individus d’origine maghrébine, et à l’inverse moins marquée chez les individus originaires d’Europe du Sud. Elle concerne aussi ceux qui ont été exposés à une langue régionale dans l’enfance. Enfin, ce désavantage est proportionnellement plus marqué chez les individus dont les parents sont les plus diplômés. Ces résultats montrent l’importance d’étudier les corrélations entre l’exposition au bilinguisme et les trajectoires scolaires en tenant compte de l’hétérogénéité des caractéristiques des individus concernés.
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- 2021
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54. The competence and warmth of Thai students’ attitudes towards varieties of English: the effect of gender and perceptions of L1 diversity.
- Author
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McKenzie, Robert M., Kitikanan, Patchanok, and Boriboon, Phaisit
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- *
ATTITUDES toward language , *SOCIOLINGUISTIC research , *ENGLISH language , *FOREIGN language education , *STUDENT attitudes - Abstract
Previous language attitude research indicates that presenting speech forms allows listeners to index information about and attach social meaning to the perceived group(s) of speakers. Despite the volume of research undertaken elsewhere in Asia, there appear to be no in-depth studies investigating Thai nationals’ evaluations of specific varieties of English speech. This large-scale study examines 204 Thai university students’ attitudes towards forms of UK, US, Japanese, Chinese, Thai and Indian English, provided by highly proficient female speakers. The study also examines the extent to which Thai students’ perceptions of linguistic diversity in their L1 and their gender affect their attitudes. Multivariate analysis demonstrated UK, US and Thai English speech was ranked significantly higher than other Asian forms of English, for competence and warmth, attitudinal dimensions consistent with recent findings in social cognition. Further analysis indicated females and those most positive towards L1 variation expressed significantly higher levels of ingroup loyalty towards Thai English speakers. The findings are compared and contrasted with the results of equivalent studies undertaken in other Asian contexts and, given recent cutting-edge research in social cognition confirming the primacy of warmth judgements, calls for language attitude researchers to consider speaker warmth ratings more fully in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2016
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55. Alsatian versus Standard German: Regional Language Bilingual Primary Education in Alsace.
- Author
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Harrison, Michelle Anne
- Subjects
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BILINGUAL method in foreign language education , *ALEMANNIC dialects , *REGIONAL disparities in education , *EFFECT of technological innovations on education , *EDUCATIONAL sociology - Abstract
This article examines the current situation of regional language bilingual primary education in Alsace and contends that the regional language presents a special case in the context of France. The language comprises two varieties: Alsatian, which traditionally has been widely spoken, and Standard German, used as the language of reference and writing. The advantages of learning Standard German have been highlighted by language-in-education policy-makers: as well as being the written form of the regional language, German is promoted as the most widely spoken language in the European Union, the language of neighbouring countries, an asset in the search for employment and an aid to learning another powerful language in our increasingly globalized world, namely English. Nevertheless, Alsatian can be, and in some cases is being, employed in the classroom, although it remains in a minority position in comparison to Standard German. Based on original research undertaken in the region, the article aims to explore current classroom practices, which are sometimes found to be incongruous with official language-in-education policy. It analyses the language attitudes of parents and considers the effect of these attitudes on the promotion of Alsatian and Standard German. Practices and attitudes in city and small town locations are compared to evaluate the influence of urban and peri-urban settings. As the transmission of Alsatian is no longer guaranteed in the home, the article investigates whether the school can promote this traditional, non-standardized regional variety alongside the dominant standard languages, and whether parents wish for this to happen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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56. El multilingüisme: una qüestió d’Estat? L’avaluació de la política lingüística de l’Estat espanyol a través del concepte disponibilitat lingüística
- Author
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Climent-Ferrando, Vicent and Climent-Ferrando, Vicent
- Abstract
Aquest article analitza la política lingüística de l’Estat respecte a les llengües territorials espanyoles diferents del castellà. Es proposa el concepte disponibilitat lingüística — entès com la possibilitat de la ciutadania d’utilitzar una llengua territorial en els serveis públics estatals— per avaluar en quina mesura l’Estat (in)compleix les disposicions normatives nacionals i els compromisos polítics internacionals jurídicament vinculants de desplegar una política lingüística relativa a les llengües de l’Estat. L’aplicació del concepte disponibilitat lingüística per analitzar la política lingüística de l’Estat — entesa com a política pública— ens permetrà obtenir una radiografia del compromís real i efectiu de l’Estat envers el multilingüisme propi., This article analyses the language policy in Spain vis-à-vis its territorial languages other than Spanish, often referred to as regional or minority languages (RMLs). We use the concept of language availability – understood as the possibility of using any official language in the State’s public services – to assess Spain’s degree of (in)compliance of the country’s legal requirements and the legally-binding international commitments on language policy. The application of the concept of language availability to analyse Spain’s language policy – conceived as a public policy – will provide an accurate overview of the current state of affairs regarding the country’s language policy and its commitment to multilingualism.
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- 2021
57. Genolectes, gramolectes i politolectes: una tipologia de les llengües no estatals d’Europa
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Radatz, Hans-Ingo and Radatz, Hans-Ingo
- Abstract
En un context cultural occidental, la paraula llengua sol reservar-se per a les varietats escrites oficials que són la llengua politicoadministrativa d’almenys un estat nació. Això deixa el gros de les 6.500 llengües que s’estima que hi ha al nostre planeta en uns llimbs terminològics, amb denominacions que varien entre llengua minoritària, llengua menys utilitzada, dialecte i llengua regional. Sembla, doncs, que en l’àmbit de la sociolingüística encara no s’ha establert cap diferenciació terminològica clara entre aquestes denominacions. Tenint en compte criteris lingüístics, sociològics i polítics, aquest article presenta una tipologia de les llengües no estatals, i així es diferencia entre llengües minoritàries pròpiament dites, llengües parlades per minories i un subtipus que proposem anomenar llengües regionals, les quals es defineixen per la funció politolectal que acompleixen per als seus parlants (és a dir, van acompanyades d’un discurs antidiglòssic actiu). Entre les llengües regionals definides d’aquesta manera, es proposa un tipus areal LleREOc (llengua regional de l’Europa occidental)., In a Western cultural context, the word language is usually reserved for the official written varieties of the politico-administrative language of at least one nation state. That leaves the bulk of this planet’s estimated 6,500 languages in a terminological limbo, with designations oscillating between minority language, lesser-used language, dialect and regional language. It would appear that no clear-cut terminological differentiation between these denominations has as yet been established in the field of sociolinguistics. Taking into account linguistic, sociological and political criteria, this paper presents a typology of non-state languages, differentiating between minority languages proper and languages spoken by minorities, and a subtype that we propose to call regional languages, which is defined by the politolectal function that these languages fulfil for their speakers (i.e. they are accompanied by an active anti-diglossia discourse). Among the regional languages thus defined, an areal type WERL (Western European Regional Language) is proposed.
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- 2021
58. Tu l’as vu ? [tyllavy]
- Author
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Russo, Michela and Sahmaoui, Laure
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regional Languages ,changement linguistique ,diachrony ,langues asiatiques ,American French ,Prosodie ,Phonologie ,Prosody ,Phonology ,langues africaines ,Morpho-Syntax ,French from France ,Morphosyntaxe ,Asian languages ,Niger-Congo languages ,linguistic change ,lexique ,lexicon ,français québecois ,Proclitiques ,français de France ,Langues régionales ,Proclitics ,diachronie - Abstract
La gémination initiale du pronom objet dans Tu l’as vu ? [tyllavy] (français standard Tu l’as vu? [tylavy]) a suscité l’intérêt d’un noyau de linguistes. Dans cet article nous proposons une analyse géolinguistique et une interprétation des proclitiques géminés à partir des différents atlas linguistiques de la France, l’ALF (Atlas Linguistique de France), ainsi que des Atlas Linguistiques et Ethnographiques de France par Région. Une majorité des formes géminées pour le clitique est attestée en région picarde. La gémination du proclitique serait, selon nous, un effet combiné de la cliticisation et d’une contrainte accentuelle précise : nous émettons l’hypothèse d’un accent secondaire (AS) initial (rythmique) au sein du constituant prosodique PhPh (φ) qui groupe le verbe et ses proclitiques. La gémination serait un effet de l’AS, associé au paramètre de lourdeur de la syllabe accentuée, qui permettrait de faire des prédictions sur les variations proclitique simple/proclitique géminé. L’AS a été restreint jusqu’ici pour le français aux mots lexicaux. Notre analyse, initialement circonscrite au proclitique géminé /l/ ouvre donc de nouvelles perspectives sur la prosodie du français. The initial gemination of the object pronoun in Tu l’as vu? [tyllavy] (standard French Tu l’as vu? [tylavy]) has aroused the interest of a core group of linguists. In this article we propose a geolinguistic analysis and an interpretation of the geminated proclitics from the different linguistic atlases of France, the ALF (Atlas Linguistique de la France), and from the Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlases of France by Region. Most of the geminated forms for the proclitic is found in the Picardy region. The gemination of the proclitic would be, according to us, a combined effect of cliticization and a precise stress constraint: we hypothesize an initial (rhythmic) secondary accent (SA) within the prosodic constituent PhPh (φ) which groups the verb and its proclitics. The gemination would be an effect of the SA, associated with the parameter of the heaviness of the stressed syllable, which would allow us to make predictions on the simple/proclitic geminate variation. SA has so far been restricted for French to lexical words. Our analysis, initially limited to the geminate proclitic /l/, therefore opens new perspectives on the prosody of French.
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- 2021
59. EL RÉGIMEN JURÍDICO DE LAS LENGUAS REGIONALES EN FRANCIA Y EL PROBLEMA DE LA RATIFICACIÓN DE LA CARTA EUROPEA DE LAS LENGUAS REGIONALES Y MINORITARIAS: ¿ES NECESARIO REVISAR LA CONSTITUCIÓN?
- Author
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Lecucq, Olivier
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Públic is the property of Revista Catalana de Dret Public and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
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60. Challenges for English-medium instruction and language rights.
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Salomone, Rosemary
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LINGUISTIC rights ,LINGUA francas ,GLOBALIZATION ,NATIONALISM ,MULTILINGUALISM - Abstract
Copyright of Language Problems & Language Planning is the property of John Benjamins Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
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61. Les « langues dialectales ou encore locales » sous le régime de Vichy
- Author
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Andrée Tabouret-Keller
- Subjects
language policy ,history ,regional languages ,France ,is there a French sociolinguistic exception? (colloquium) ,Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar ,P101-410 - Abstract
The aim of this article is to bring together available, but still scattered and incomplete, information on events relating to 'dialect languages' under the Vichy regime. After providing a historical perspective and an overview of the measures taken in favour of 'dialect languages' under the Vichy regime, the author analyses the remarkable continuity with which movements in favour of the regions, their languages and their cultures have survived, without major upheavals, the various regimes that have provided the foundations of the State in France since the 19th century.
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- 1998
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62. Réception de la Charte européenne des langues régionales ou minoritaires dans les milieux gouvernementaux sous le gouvernement Jospin, et patrimonialisation des langues régionales
- Author
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Sibille, Jean, Sibille, Jean, Alain Viaut, Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
european Chart ,langues régionales ,Charte européenne ,regional languages ,politique linguistique ,linguistic policy ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,[SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics - Abstract
International audience; Cet article relève à la fois de l’analyse et du témoignage. En effet, à l’époque de la signature de la Charte Européenne des langues régionales ou minoritaires (désormais aussi, la Charte), son auteur était chargé de mission à la Délégation générale à la langue française qui était en charge du dossier au ministère de la Culture, il a notamment participé à la préparation du rapport Cerquiglini. Après avoir rappelé le contenu et le mécanisme de la Charte et proposé une description de l’idéologie linguistique dominante en France, il s'efforce de décrypter l’arrière-plan politique et idéologique de différents textes produits par des institutions gouvernementales ou étatiques à propos de la Charte (rapports Poignant, Carcassonne, Cerquiglini, avis du Conseil constitutionnel) en examinant, dans la mesure du possible, le rôle joué par la notion de patrimoine linguistique dans ce corpus.
- Published
- 2021
63. Frantzia metropolitarreko hizkuntza gutxituen egoera gaur egun
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Coyos, Jean-Baptiste, Centre de recherche sur la langue et les textes basques (IKER), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
metropolitan France ,development ,egoera ,bilakaera ,position ,regional languages ,arriskuan ,eskualdeetako hizkuntzak ,at risk ,metropolitarra ,[SHS.LANGUE.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics/domain_shs.langue.socio - Abstract
International audience; This article briefly lists the living languages of regions within metropolitan France. There are nearly twenty of them. This is a snapshot of this language diversity: the position of the languages, their development in recent years and the language policies in place. However, it should be emphasised that figures, indications or surveys are in general scarce and uneven. The commitment of the authorities and society in these different regions also varies. The legal framework, on the other hand, is equally unfavourable everywhere: French is the only official language. All these languages are at risk, but to varying extents.; Artikulu honetan Frantzia metropolitarrean bizi diren eskualdeetako hizkuntzak laburki azalduko dira. Kasik hogei bat dira. Gaur egungo aniztasun horren argazki txikia ematen da: hizkuntzen egoera, azken urte hauetako bilakaera eta eramaten diren hizkuntza politikak. Halere, azpimarratu behar da datuak, argibideak edo inkestak urriak direla oro har, eta homogeneoak ez direla. Halaber, lurralde ezberdin horietan botere publikoen eta gizartearen engaiamendua era askotakoa da. Aldiz, legegintza- kuadroa berdin-berdina da eta ez aldekoa, frantsesa da hizkuntza ofizial bakarra. Hizkuntza horiek denak arriskuan dira, baina ez hein berean
- Published
- 2021
64. THE KASHUBIAN LANGUAGE -- A MINORITY LANGUAGE SPOKEN IN BORDERLANDS AS IT WAS AND AS IT IS TODAY.
- Author
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ZIENIUKOWA, JADWIGA
- Abstract
Copyright of Czech Ethnological Journal / Český Lid: Etnologický Casopis is the property of Akademie Ved Ceske Republiky, Etnologicky ustav, p.r.i. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
65. Language education policy in multilingual Scotland: Opportunities, imbalances and debates.
- Author
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Hancock, Andy
- Subjects
LANGUAGE policy ,FOREIGN language education ,MULTILINGUAL education ,LANGUAGE planning - Abstract
Copyright of Language Problems & Language Planning is the property of John Benjamins Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
66. Què se'ns diu des d'Europa als docents de català quant al plurilingüisme i la diversitat lingüística? Implicacions de la política educativa lingüística europea per al País Valencià
- Author
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Lutze, Elija Joschka, Monferrer Palmer, Aina, and Universitat Jaume I. Departament de Filologia i Cultures Europees
- Subjects
llengües regionals ,Common European Framework of Reference for Languages ,Máster Universitario en Profesor/a de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanzas de Idiomas ,diversitat lingüística ,Master's Degree in Secondary Education, Vocational Training and Language Teaching ,educació plurilingüe ,European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages ,Marc europeu comú de referència per a les llengües ,política lingüística europea ,Màster Universitari en Professor/a d'Educació Secundària Obligatòria i Batxillerat, Formació Professional i Ensenyaments d'Idiomes ,Carta Europea de les Llengües Regionals o Minoritàries ,language diversity ,regional languages ,plurilingual education ,European language policy - Abstract
Treball Final de Màster Universitari en Professor/a d'Educació Secundària Obligatòria i Batxillerat, Formació Professional i Ensenyaments d'Idiomes. Codi: SAP439. Curs: 2019/2020 Europa ocupa un lloc fonamental en l’ensenyament de llengües i la política educativa (lingüística), però Europa són moltes institucions i un gran nombre de grups i projectes de recerca i publicacions, la qual cosa pot resultar confusa i semblar incoherent. Aquest treball pretén explorar les implicacions de la política educativa lingüística europea, pel que fa a la promoció de la diversitat lingüística i el plurilingüisme, per a l’ensenyament del català als instituts i a les escoles oficials d’idiomes valencians. Específicament analitzem set documents del Consell d’Europa, entre altres el Marc europeu comú de referència per a les llengües i la Carta Europea de les Llengües Regionals o Minoritàries, i contrastem els resultats d’aquesta anàlisi amb el marc legal general de l’ensenyament valencià: la LOE i la LOMQE, la LUEV i la Llei 4/2018 de Plurilingüisme, per provar la hipòtesi que encara hi ha desconeixença o contradiccions i incoherències en l’aplicació d’aquests documents. Els resultats confirmen aquesta hipòtesi i mostren, a més, que hi ha incoherències o manca d’interreferencialitat en els mateixos documents europeus. Malgrat això, resulta evident que Europa convergeix en la necessitat d’un enfocament plural de les llengües com a element per a un ensenyament de qualitat, que ha de dur a un desenvolupament de les competències plurilingüe i intercultural respectuós amb les llengües regionals o minoritàries i les llengües familiars de la ciutadania europea. El sistema educatiu i els docents de llengua faríem bé de tenir-ho en compte. Europe occupies a pivotal place in educational (language) policy and the teaching of languages, but Europe is many institutions and a large number of research groups and projects and publications, which may be confusing and seem inconsistent. This dissertation aims to explore the implications of European language education policy, as regards the promotion of linguistic diversity and multilingualism, for the teaching of Catalan in Valencian institutes and official language schools. Specifically, we analyse seven documents of the Council of Europe, among others the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages and the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, and we contrast the results of this analysis with the general legal framework of the Valencian education system: the Spanish laws LOE and LOMCE, and the Valencian LUEV and Law of Plurilingualism (4/2018), to test the hypothesis that there is still a lack of knowledge of or contradictions and inconsistencies in the application of these documents. The results confirm this hypothesis and show, moreover, that there are inconsistencies or a lack of inter-referentiality in between those same European documents. In spite of this, it is clear that Europe converges on the need for a pluralistic approach to languages as elements of quality teaching, which must lead to the development of multilingual and intercultural competences that is respectful of regional or minority languages and the family languages of Europe’s citizens. The education system and us language teachers would do well to take this into account.
- Published
- 2020
67. AThEME: Advancing the European Multilingual Experience
- Author
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Lisa Lai-Shen Cheng, F. Verbiest, A. van Iwaarden, and Maaike Verrips
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Health professionals ,Language change ,business.industry ,Policy making ,Communication ,Research methodology ,minority languages ,language change ,Public policy ,Multilingualism ,Public relations ,Language and Linguistics ,Political science ,regional languages ,European commission ,business ,heritage languages - Abstract
AThEME is a collaborative research project studying multilingualism in Europe. This 5-year research project was set up with funding from the European Commission, and it runs from March 2014 until March 2019. The main objectives of the project are: (1) to investigate cognitive, linguistic and sociological issues in multilingual Europe, (2) to assess existing public policies and practices within the areas of education and health as well as their impact on multilingualism and (3) to contribute to evidence-based policy making. AThEME uses a range of research methodology and aims to raise awareness of multilingualism among policy makers, health professionals, academics and educators.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
68. Identité et frontière : linéaments d’une recherche sur le contact normano-breton
- Author
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Francis Manzano
- Subjects
sociolinguistics ,Brittany ,ethnic identities ,regional languages ,Gallo (language) ,language border ,Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar ,P101-410 - Abstract
The real Brittany would be the one where Breton language is spoken, the false one where Gallo language is spoken, the real Normandy the one of the camp, the false one the one of the field. As a general rule, there is a correlation between « parcels » of identity and linguistic practices. However, on the border, this intellectual order is disrupted since there is a disjunction between criteria that are usually combined. At least between criteria that dialectology and ethnolinguistics have accustomed us to consider as integral: language and culture. The paradox can thus be formulated. On the one hand, people of different languages (Breton language speakers and Gallo language speakers) recognise a common cultural and historical identity. But, on the other hand, people with the same language claim a different identity (Bretons of the border and Normands).
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
69. 'National Language' and its Discontents: A French Debate in European Context
- Author
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Barnard Turner
- Subjects
National language ,creolization ,language communities ,migration ,regional languages ,globalization ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology ,GN301-674 - Abstract
The author posits the concept of language communities, as opposed to that of national language, as a more adecuate categorization in explaning the development of European language policies. Using the case of French, he argues that globalization and the current migration waves render the distinction centre / periphery, in terms of dominat vs. regional or subordinate languages, meaningless, since what have been traditionally considered national languages are being exposed to constant instances of creolization. Such a phenomenon, far from empoverishing these languages' cultural idiosincracy, enriches them by enlarging their communicative effectiveness.
- Published
- 2009
70. Conventional Mechanism for the Protection of Regional Languages or Languages of Minorities
- Author
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Faritovna Valiullina, Iliana and Faritovna Valiullina, Iliana
- Abstract
Today the problem of protecting regional or minority languages is an urgent one. Despite the existence of numerous international acts at the universal and regional levels aimed at protecting these languages, the language rights of national, linguistic, religious minorities and speakers of regional languages are violated. This scientific article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the conventional mechanism for the protection of regional or minority languages. The article examines the characteristic features of the conventional mechanism for the protection of regional or minority languages: law-making, interpretation, international control and law enforcement. The article begins with the disclosure of the content of the concepts of regional or minority languages. some approaches to this definition are considered. I proceed to the structure of the conventional mechanism for the protection of regional or minority languages and consider each component separately. The article provides a comparison of interpretation and specification. The article focuses on the views and works of Russian lawyers and researchers in the field of theory of state and law. The article is of an interdisciplinary nature, written at the intersection of law and sociolinguistics. This article will be of interest to specialists in the field of linguistics., Hoy en día, el problema de proteger las lenguas regionales o minoritarias es urgente. A pesar de la existencia de numerosos actos internacionales a nivel universal y regional destinados a proteger estos idiomas, se violan los derechos lingüísticos de las minorías nacionales, lingüísticas, religiosas y los hablantes de idiomas regionales. Este artículo científico está dedicado a un estudio exhaustivo del mecanismo convencional para la protección de las lenguas regionales o minoritarias. El artículo examina las características del mecanismo convencional para la protección de las lenguas regionales o minoritarias: legislación, interpretación, control internacional y aplicación de la ley. El artículo comienza con la divulgación del contenido de los conceptos de idiomas regionales o minoritarios. se consideran algunos enfoques para esta definición. A continuación, procedo a la estructura del mecanismo convencional para la protección de las lenguas regionales o minoritarias y considero cada componente por separado. El artículo proporciona una comparación de interpretación y especificación. El artículo se centra en los puntos de vista y trabajos de abogados e investigadores rusos en el campo de la teoría del estado y el derecho. El artículo es de naturaleza interdisciplinaria, escrito en la intersección del derecho y la sociolingüística. Este artículo será de interés para los especialistas en el campo de la lingüística.
- Published
- 2020
71. Pengunaan Sapaan Bahasa Kerinci Dialek Jujun
- Author
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Aditama, V. Y. (Vera), Aditama, V. Y. (Vera), R, S. (Syahrul), Tressyalina, T. (Tressyalina), Afnita, A. (Afnita), Amir, A. (Amril), Aditama, V. Y. (Vera), Aditama, V. Y. (Vera), R, S. (Syahrul), Tressyalina, T. (Tressyalina), Afnita, A. (Afnita), and Amir, A. (Amril)
- Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskanpenggunaan bahasa Kerinci dialek Jujun. Penelitian inimenggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang tidakmenggunakan rumus-rumus statistik dalam pengolahan data.Peneliti memperoleh 32 kata sapaan dalam bahasa Kerinci dialekJujun. Terdapan 27 kata sapaan yang bersifat umum, 4 katasapaan adat, dan.1 kata sapaan agama yang merupakan bahasaKerinci dialek Jujun.Kata Kunci: Kata Sapaan, dialek, tuturan, bahasa daerahThis study aims to describe and explain the use of the Kerincidialect of the Jujun dialect. This study uses descriptive qualitativemethods that do not use statistical formulas in data processing.The researcher obtained 32 greeting words in Kerinci in the Jujundialect. There are 27 general greeting words, 4 custom greetings,and 1 religious greeting which is the Kerinci Jujun dialect.
- Published
- 2020
72. THE UNITED KINGDOM'S EXPERIENCE IN MULTILINGUALISM FOR RESOLVING UKRAINE'S LANGUAGE POLICY CHALLENGES.
- Author
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Karpchuk, Natalia
- Subjects
- *
MULTILINGUALISM , *LANGUAGE policy - Abstract
The citizens of every state speak different languages which may lead to conflicts or a friendly co-existence. So, the concept of "multilingualism" is quite topical for the research of a state's policy in the language sphere. The European Commission defines "multilingualism" as 1) the ability of societies, institutions, groups and individuals to engage, on a regular basis, with more than one language in their day-to-day lives, 2) the co-existence of different language communities in one geographical or geo-political area or political entity. The UK develops and implements a number of efficient steps in the sphere of multilingualism and language policy. At last Ukraine has chosen the way of the EU integration development which requires the adherence to norms and regulations of the EU in various areas, including the language policy. Both the United Kingdom and Ukraine are multilingual states, though with a different language situation. The goal of the article is to study the progress of the UK in its efficient language policy in order to look for recommendations concerning the elaboration of efficient language policy in the author's native state. The article focuses on the legal grounds and the mechanisms of the implementation of the UK's language policy directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
73. Waráy Beauty: Writing at the Margins and the Poems in Oyzon's An Maupay ha mga Waráy.
- Author
-
Agustin, Efmer E.
- Subjects
WARAY poetry ,POSTCOLONIALISM in literature ,WARAY literature - Abstract
Voltaire Q. Oyzon's first Waráy poetry collection, An Maupay ha mga Waray (Our Virtue as Warays), bears the marks of protest and affirmation characteristic of postcolonial literatures. Though the poems in the collection may often be read as expressions and views of love and life, they also talk about the collective experience of the Waráy people, the trauma brought about by foreign colonization, and the imposition of the culture and language of "imperial Manila." The collection asserts in several ways the magnificence of the Waráy language, dispelling the widely-accepted notion (among its own speakers included) of the "natural" inferiority of this tongue. It is an embodiment both of its author's consciousness of the peripheral station given the Waráy language and literature and of its author's efforts to undermine this station. The collection also offers itself as proof against the definition of "regional" literature as a depiction of "specific" life experiences seen from a "narrower" context, as opposed to "national" literature, which conveys "larger" issues and "broader" viewpoints - distinctions that Oyzon scoffs at. The collection, written in a "regional" language, demonstrates Waráy's capacity to comprehend reality with lucidity and to articulate the universe with profundity and extensiveness similar to any other "national" literature. Solely through its publication, it also contradicts the proclamation once made that Waráy literature is dead. The poems provide an optimistic vision for the future of Waráy literature and bear the hope that the Waray-Waray people will be proud again of their own tongue and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
74. The Legal Protection of National and Linguistic Minorities in the Region of Friuli Venezia Giulia: A Comparison of the Three Regional Laws for the "Slovene Linguistic Minority", for the "Friulian Language" and for the "German-Speaking Minorities".
- Author
-
Vïdau, Zaira
- Subjects
LEGAL status of linguistic minorities ,SLOVENES ,LINGUISTIC minorities ,LEGAL status of minorities - Abstract
Copyright of Treaties & Documents / Razprave in Gradivo is the property of Institut za Narodnostna Vprasanja and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
75. Languages of French overseas territories and the French educational system.
- Author
-
Launey, Michel
- Subjects
SOCIOLINGUISTICS ,LINGUISTICS research ,MULTILINGUAL education ,LANGUAGE & education ,LINGUISTIC minorities - Abstract
This article deals with the Regional Languages issue in French overseas territories, and how it is met by the educational system. It shows that the national framework, with French as the only teaching language in schools, as well as a very restrictive law about regional languages, works in an unsatisfactory way in a highly multilingual situation, which is very different from one place to another, and in which some children arrive at school with no knowledge of French. The obvious inadequacy of programs and methods, which brings about school failure for too many children and professional unease among most teachers, has led to increasing concerns, to deeper insights, and, at least in some places, to a few fruitful innovations, which may or may not be supported by the educational hierarchy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
76. Review of J&K Language Policy in the Perspective of the Nehruvian Language Policy.
- Author
-
Tajuddin, Muhammad and Sharma, Vandana
- Subjects
LANGUAGE policy ,IDEOLOGY ,POLITICAL community ,MASS instruction ,HISTORY ,TWENTIETH century - Abstract
Political community is the basis of modern polity. In federation, two polities and their respective political communities are related according to the constitutional structure. Political community is constructed through mass education and its medium. Common mass education though a common language inculcates common values among peoples differing in their habitations, mother tongues and strata. Nehru’s visionary language policy defused centrifugal forces and strengthened centripetal forces in the process of Indian political community formation. Political community formation in Jammu and Kashmir began in the reign of Pratap Singh with the adoption of Urdu as the official language and the medium of mass education. The process was communalised in 1920s when the Urdu–Hindi controversy began. The communalised political communities were further broken into contesting ethnic communities after independence due to faulty language policies of successive governments. One polity with multiple political communities has become the biggest hurdle for integration of J&K with India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
77. De la diversité phonologique à la dynamique dans les usages régionaux du français.
- Author
-
WALTER, HENRIETTE
- Abstract
The article focuses on the phonological diversity in French regional language. The author discusses the importance of the geographical factor in the difference of accents, and give several examples in which the pronunciation of a word is so different from a region to another that it also causes differences in the respect of the spelling. It is noted that the main differences of phonological systems is found between the North of the country and the South, and concerned mostly the length of the vowels.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
78. The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages: Still Relevant in the Information Age?
- Author
-
McMonagle, Sarah
- Subjects
LANGUAGE & languages ,INTERNET ,LINGUISTIC minorities ,INFORMATION & communication technologies ,LINGUISTICS - Abstract
The impact of new information and communication technologies on European societies could not have been foreseen at the time the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (ECRML) was adopted two decades ago. Although the text of the ECRML contains no reference to such technologies, they clearly have a role in the context of linguistic communication given their current social ubiquity. The measures outlined in the ECRML concerning, inter alia, media and cultural facilities, are precisely those being affected by the new media landscape. We can therefore be certain that the internet has some sort of impact on regional and minority languages in Europe, yet detailed assessments of this impact at the policy level are lacking. This article seeks to uncover the extent to which the Committee of Experts of the ECRML assesses the impact of the internet on those languages that have been selected by state parties for protection and promotion under the provisions of the ECRML. Findings show that references to the internet have increased in the reports of the Committee of Experts since monitoring began. However, the role of new technologies in inhibiting or facilitating regional and minority languages is seldom evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
79. The End of Minority Languages? Europe's Regional Languages in Perspective.
- Author
-
Hornsby, Michael and Agarin, Timofey
- Subjects
LINGUISTIC minorities ,LANGUAGE policy ,MULTILINGUALISM ,COMMUNICATION - Abstract
The European Union (EU) today counts 23 national languages with as many as 65 regional and minority languages, only a few of which enjoy recognition in the EU. We assess the perspectives of regional and, particularly, endangered languages in Europe in three steps. First, we argue that current approach of nation-states, defining both national and regional/minority languages from the top down, is increasingly at odds with the idea of cross-border migration and communications. We illustrate this with the examples of Estonian and Latvian, official languages of EU member-states with around one million native speakers each. Second, we attest the end of "traditional" forms of minority language, contending that if they are to survive they cannot do so as mirror copies of majority languages. To make our point clear, we discuss regional efforts to increase the use of the Breton and the Welsh languages. We outline a research agenda that takes into account the nation-state dominated linguistic regulations and the future of an increasingly borderless Europe, and suggest how both can be accommodated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
80. La constitutionnalisation des langues régionales françaises. Entre reconnaissance et effectivité symbolique.
- Author
-
Farget, Doris
- Subjects
LANGUAGE & languages ,REGIONAL differences ,CONSTITUTIONS ,LEGAL recognition ,CONSTITUTIONAL law ,IDENTITY (Philosophical concept) - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Law & Society/Revue Canadienne Droit et Societe (University of Toronto Press) is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
81. The linguistic capital of contested languages: The centre-left and regional languages in Asturias and the Veneto, 1998–2008.
- Author
-
Wells, Naomi
- Subjects
LANGUAGE & languages ,LINGUISTIC minorities ,LANGUAGE policy ,SOCIOLINGUISTICS - Abstract
Political debate concerning the recognition of regional and minority languages has been the subject of much study in recent years. However, with the focus on separatist and/or nationalist forces, the centre-left has often been overlooked in such studies. In both Asturias in Spain and the Veneto in Italy, centre-left parties have taken a particularly ambivalent approach towards language revival policies, and the ideologies behind this approach merit further study. Drawing particularly on Bourdieu’s work, the author will consider how linguistic hierarchies and linguistic capital are reflected in centre-left discourse and actions concerning the respective local languages. This will shed light on the ambiguous role of the centre-left concerning language policy, and provide further insight into the compatibility of liberal and progressive politics with language revival policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
82. Reassessing Gallo as a regional language in France: language emancipation vs. monolingual language ideology.
- Author
-
Nolan, John Shaun
- Subjects
MONOLINGUALISM ,LANGUAGE policy ,ATTITUDES toward language ,SOCIOLINGUISTICS ,HISTORICAL linguistics ,GRASSROOTS movements ,LANGUAGE & languages - Abstract
This paper discusses the applicability of language emancipation to the regional languages of France and shows that, from a historical and contemporary perspective, it is very relevant for these languages. In particular, Gallo, Eastern Brittany's Oïïl language variety, provides a pertinent grass roots illustration of many of the issues addressed through the concept of language emancipation. However, the historical and contemporary entrenchment of a monolingual and centralist language ideology which is vehemently opposed to pluralist language ideology in France means that, if language emancipation is to be socio-politically acceptable, some degree of care has to be exercised in the manner in which it is presented and what facets are emphasized in the French context. Indeed, through their long established activism in favor of regional languages in the education system, regional language movements and not least the Gallo movement are already well-positioned to promote one of the main and most compelling arguments for contemporary language emancipation: this is that an active knowledge of two or more languages, including a regional language, is beneficial to the individual and to society in general. Only a ''language attitudes shift'' can create the conditions for genuine language emancipation in France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
83. Promoting language rights as fundamental individual rights: France as a model?
- Author
-
Oakes, Leigh
- Subjects
LINGUISTIC rights ,LINGUISTIC minorities ,LANGUAGE policy ,REPUBLICANISM - Abstract
France's regional languages have long suffered as a result of the French republican model, which denies the existence of minorities and hence the possibility of granting minority rights. It is sometimes argued by language rights specialists, however, that these should not be seen as special collective rights so much as linguistic aspects of existing fundamental individual rights. The present article examines France's potential to exploit instead this latter conception of language rights, building on the new constitutional status granted to the country's regional languages in 2008 to form a fresh approach to minority languages. Not only could this strengthen French republicanism, but could also serve as a useful model for language rights in other contexts that favour individual rights over groups rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
84. Linguiste ou non-linguiste ? Réflexions sur une dichotomie controversée à partir de l’analyse de métadiscours sur les langues régionales
- Author
-
Judith Visser
- Subjects
langues régionales ,metadiscourses ,métadiscours ,savoir linguistique ,regional languages ,dichotomie ,construction discursive ,non-linguiste ,dichotomy ,discursive construction ,non-linguist ,linguistic knowledge - Abstract
Plusieurs termes existent pour distinguer l’expert du non-expert et le linguiste du non-linguiste. Cette bipartition, à première vue plausible, pose des problèmes quand on l’applique à une situation communicative concrète. S’agit-il d’une dichotomie rigide ? Ou d’une distinction à critères variables, voire d’une construction discursive ? Est-elle valable pour tout genre de métadiscours ? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous discuterons brièvement les désignations coexistantes pour se référer au linguiste et au non-linguiste ainsi que les critères auxquels elles renvoient. L’analyse des métadiscours sur les langues régionales en France nous permettra d’examiner la dépendance de ces critères vis-à-vis du type de métadiscours et de la situation communicative. Several terms serve to distinguish between an expert and a non-expert. This division, though at first sight plausible, causes problems as soon as it is applied to an actual communication situation. Are we dealing with a rigid dichotomy? Or a distinction based on variable criteria ? Or even a discursive construction? Is it valid for all kinds of metadiscourses? To answer these questions, we will briefly discuss the terms that coexist to refer to a linguist and a non-linguist, as well as the criteria according to which the division is made. As an example, we will analyse metadiscourses about regional languages in France. This will allow us to examine to which extent such criteria depend on the kind of metadiscourse or on the communicative situation.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
85. Language planning for Italian regional languages (“dialects”).
- Author
-
Coluzzi, Paolo
- Subjects
LANGUAGE policy ,EDUCATIONAL law cases ,LANGUAGE & languages ,LANGUAGE planning ,DIALECTS ,LEGISLATIVE bills ,LINGUISTIC minorities ,SOCIOLINGUISTICS ,SIGNING statements (Legislation) - Abstract
In addition to twelve recognized minority languages (Law no. 482/1999), Italy features a number of non-recognized so-called “dialects” that is difficult to state, but which renowned linguists like Tullio De Mauro and Giulio Lepschy calculate as ranging between 12 and 15. These languages are still spoken (and sometimes written) by slightly less than half of the Italian population and are the first languages of a significant part of it. Some of them even have a history of (semi)official usage and feature large and interesting literary traditions. An introduction on the linguistic situation in Italy, the classification of its “dialects” and their state of endangerment, is followed by discussion of the present (scant) legislation and action being taken to protect the seven language varieties chosen as case studies: Piedmontese, Western Lombard/Milanese, Venetan, Ligurian/Genoese, Roman, Neapolitan and Sicilian. These language planning strategies are discussed particularly in terms of graphization (corpus planning), status and acquisition planning, even when, as in most cases, this “planning” may be uncoordinated and even unconscious. The article closes with a few general considerations and with some suggestions on how these initiatives could be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
86. Diversity in Indian Literature.
- Author
-
Bhaduri, Uma
- Subjects
INDIC literature ,EPIC literature ,COMMUNICATION ,SOCIAL capital ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
India is known to as a vast and great country, which has a glorious and very colourful past from the very beginning of civilization, from the time of Veda. Amongst the different aspects of Indian cultures, Indian literature has a recognisable heritage, mainly in epics (mahakabyam), poetry (kabyam), dramas (natyam). Now, in 21st century, we realise that it is not the question of supremacy but diversity, which must be discussed, because modern India has 18 official languages recognised by Indian Constitution. So it is very easy to imagine the complication of the language problem, precisely the communication problem. Moreover, there are not so many writings in some of the 18 languages, which may be called as 'literature'. Still we can have a lot of opportunities to distinguish the diversification of modern Indian literature, specifically contemporary fictions. Firstly, I have chosen four to five languages, which have a lot to discuss. My selection of languages is mostly based on geographical, each from north, south, east and west. Secondly, I have tried to follow the most practised way to criticize a literary work, where observation is not purely literature oriented but social, political, anthropological and psychological view points are also inseparable parts of discussion. Hence in this way, an approach can be made to show the diversification in contemporary Indian fictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
87. Regional languages on Twitter
- Author
-
Jolie van Loo, Lysbeth Jongbloed-Faber, Leonie Cornips, Literature & Art, RS: FASoS AMC, RS: FdR Research Group ITEM, and Fryske Akademy (FA)
- Subjects
050101 languages & linguistics ,Linguistics and Language ,History ,social media ,Regional language ,Twitter ,minority languages ,050801 communication & media studies ,Interpersonal communication ,Language and Linguistics ,MEDIA ,0508 media and communications ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Social media ,Frisian ,COLLAPSE ,Local culture ,05 social sciences ,06 humanities and the arts ,language choice ,Linguistics ,SOCIAL NETWORKING ,AUDIENCE ,Language choice ,Limburgish ,regional languages ,Construct (philosophy) ,Qualitative research - Abstract
This paper addressed the question how the use of Dutch and the regional languages Frisian or Limburgish differ on Twitter and which patterns in language choice can be identified. Previous quantitative studies (Jongbloed-Faber, Van de Velde, Van der Meer & Klinkenberg, 2016;Nguyen, Trieschnigg & Cornips, 2015;Trieschnigg, 2015) have already shown that people in the Dutch provinces of Friesland and Limburg tweet in Frisian or Limburgish respectively, but most often in Dutch interspersed with some English. In this qualitative study, we compared the tweets from twenty twitterers in Friesland and Limburg who use both Dutch and Frisian or Limburgish regularly in order to get insight into their language use patterns. The following patterns in language use were identified: when a twitterer aims to maximise his/her audience, Dutch is regularly employed. However, as soon as an interpersonal, addressed tweet is formulated, Frisian or Limburgish is often used. General tweets in Dutch may therefore very well get a Frisian or Limburgish continuation. Another mechanism frequently found in responding tweets is following the language used in the original tweet, notwithstanding such a tweet was in Dutch or in a regional language. Finally, the data show that, although Twitter is a global medium which can be accessed at any time and any place provided that one has access to the needed technical equipment and Internet connection, twitterers sometimes construct localness i.e. what is perceived as local culture through using Frisian or Limburgish exclusively.
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- 2017
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88. In Dutch? Usage of Dutch Regional Languages and Dialects.
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Driessen, Geert
- Subjects
- *
DUTCH dialect literature , *LANGUAGE & culture , *DIALECTS , *MULTICULTURALISM , *VARIATION in language , *ELEMENTARY schools , *SCHOOL children , *EDUCATIONAL anthropology - Abstract
This paper examines the use of regional languages and dialects of Dutch in the Netherlands, and the relation of such to the Dutch language proficiency of primary school pupils. The data from the large-scale primary education PRIMA cohort study are analysed. A total of nearly 35,000 pupils participated in five measurement rounds covering the period 1995 through 2003. Insight is thus provided into the most recent situation and the developments during this period. Two developments stood out in particular. A considerable intergenerational decrease in the use of regional languages and dialects within families, on the one hand, and across years, on the other hand. Only a weak relation between the use of regional languages and dialects and Dutch language proficiency is detected, moreover. The conclusions do not hold for each and every regional language and dialect studied here. The position of Limburgish proved interesting in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
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89. Before Timur Came: Provincialization of the Delhi Sultanate Through The Fourteenth Century.
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Digby, Simon
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- *
HUMAN settlements , *HISTORY , *COMMUNITY life - Abstract
The present essay examines information on the relationship of provincial settlements in the territories of the Dehli Sultanate with the capital city during the fourteenth century. This is drawn mainly from hagiographical sources in Persian rather than the much-utilized series of chronicles compiled in the city of Dehli itself. After a brief discussion of some of the factors of continuity and change operative in the fourteenth century in the territories of the Dehli Sultanate, it turns to a series of case studies, where evidence is available, of the processes of settlement of Muslim communities under the aegis of the Sultans of Dehli and in a radius extending from the capital city in northern India. The main routes of extension were to the south and to the east. Evidence suggests a process of growth of provincial centers of power to the detriment of the authority of the Sultan and the administration lodged in the capital city before the collapse of this authority in 1398. The latter part of the paper examines the linguistic consequences of the provincial political developments of the fourteenth century. It is argued that these affected changes in North Indian climates of sensibility that have endured to the present day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2004
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90. L’usage des clitiques sujets dans le parler occitan de Chiomonte (Chaumont) et des Ramats (Italie)
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Sibille, Jean, Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE-ERSS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jean Sibille, Sibille, Jean, Université Bordeaux Montaigne-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Piedmont ,syntaxe ,dialectologie ,[SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,linguistique romane ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,dialectology ,langues régionales ,regional languages ,Piémont ,[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,romance linguistics ,syntax - Abstract
International audience; La majorité des parlers occitans conjuguent les verbes sans clitiques sujets. Toutefois, certains parlers situés sur les marges du domaine, au Nord et à l’Est, ont développé des systèmes – complets ou partiels – de clitiques sujets. Nous proposons une approche quantitative de l’emploi des clitiques sujet dans le parler occitan de Chiomonte (anciennement Chaumont) et des Ramats (province de Turin, Italie), à partir d’un corpus d’environ 18 000 mots composé pour l’essentiel d’entretiens. Le parler de Chaumont et des Ramats relève clairement de la catégorie des variétés à emploi variable du clitique sujet, la présence du clitique étant favorisée ou défavorisée par plusieurs facteur : la personne du verbe, le contexte phrastique, le contexte discursif et le contexte pragmatique… Nous vérifions également si les différences de fréquence d’emploi des clitiques correspondant aux différentes personnes du verbe, sont conformes aux généralisations sur la hiérarchie des personnes qui ont pu être dégagées dans différents travaux.
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- 2020
91. La microvariation syntaxique dans les langues romanes de France
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Sibille, Jean, Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE-ERSS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jean Sibille, and ANR-12-CORP-0014,SYMILA,Microvariation syntaxique dans les langues romanes de France(2012)
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dialectology ,langues régionales ,syntaxe ,occitan ,regional languages ,dialectologie ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,romance linguistics ,syntax ,occitan language ,linguistique romane - Abstract
International audience; Sommaire :Anne DAGNAC « Introduction : vers une microsyntaxe galloromane » // Yaël CHAMPCLAUX & Patrick SAUZET, « Symila, un système d’information linguistique pour l’étude des micro-variations syntaxiques dans les langues romanes de France ». // Nicolas GUILLOT & BECCERA-ZITA, « Concordance négative en gallo : Qui n’y comprend (pas) rien ? » // Heather BURNETT & Anne DAGNAC, « Hard and Soft Patterns in Picard Negative Concord ». // Benjamin MASSOT, « Aspects of the Morphosyntax of Subjects in Poyaudin ». // Michèle OLIVIÉRI, Georg A. KAISER, Katerina PALASIS, Michael ZIMMERMANN, Richard FAURE, « Quand la dialectologie,la diachronie et l’acquisition se parlent : Étude comparative des pronoms sujets en occitan et en français ». // Jean SIBILLE, « L’usage des clitiques sujets dans le parler occitan de Chiomonte et des Ramats (TO, Italie) ». // Marc-Olivier HINZELIN, « Pronoms sujets dans les constructions impersonnelles en domaine gallo-roman ». // Amber PANWITZ, « The system is definitely divided: A feature-based analysis of Picard’s definite articles CH and L ». // Ares LLOP NAYA, « Les minimiseurs dans les parlers des Pyrénées Centrales. Une approche micro-syntaxique ». // Alain VIAUT, « Les prépositions de mouvement en occitan médoquin : synthèse gasconne et particularités ».
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- 2020
92. Éléments de métalexicographie picarde
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Rey, Christophe, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine, Lexiques, Textes, Discours, Dictionnaire - Centre Jean Pruvost (LT2D), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), and REY, CHRISTOPHE
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Dictionnaires ,Dictionaries ,Langue picarde ,Metalexicography ,Picard language ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,Regional languages ,Métalexicographie ,Langues régionales ,[SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
Le corpus dictionnairique de la langue picarde, en raison de son histoire et de ses spécificités, se présente comme un objet lexicographique non seulement méconnu, mais aussi particulièrement intéressant d’un point de vue métalexicographique., The lexicographical corpus of Picard, because of its history and its specificities, appears to be not only an unjustly neglected lexicographic object, but also particularly interesting one from a metalexicographic point of view.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
93. The man-woman differenciation when speaking regional languages in France.
- Author
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Pooley, Tim
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SOCIOLINGUISTICS ,LANGUAGE & languages ,DIGLOSSIA (Linguistics) - Abstract
Copyright of Langage & Societe is the property of Fondation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2003
94. Living environments and social classes:Perbosc and the children’s reading in the XIXth century
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Marie-Thérèse DUFFAU, France, Amériques, Espagne – Sociétés, pouvoirs, acteurs (FRAMESPA), and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Presse française ,lcsh:French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature ,Patrimoine ,[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,Bibliothèques scolaires ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,lcsh:Literature (General) ,Heritage ,lcsh:PN1-6790 ,Youngs ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,School libraries ,Bécassine ,Classes sociales ,lcsh:PQ1-3999 ,Patois ,Social classes ,Patronages ,Agricultural groups ,Cercles agricoles ,Regional languages - Abstract
La presse française au XIXe siècle pour la jeunesse reflète la question sociale et ses problématiques propres à l’époque avec la question de la promotion sociale et des barrières que pose une élite contre l’égalité, de l’héritage et de la transmission des patrimoines. Antonin Perbosc instituteur et félibre a établi un projet de bibliothèques scolaires. Malgré les mesures en faveur de l’instruction, des barrières sont maintenues entre les classes sociales. Des efforts sont effectués pour la sauvegarde des patrimoines, que ce soit en lien avec le terroir ou les patrimoines financiers. Les journaux des patronages permettent de regrouper des cercles féminins agricoles. La Première Guerre mondiale marque le tournant de cette société en pleine mutation., The XIXth century youth press in France, reflects social issues and the specific problems they raised at a given time along with the question of social promotion and of the barriers raised by an elite to counter equality both in terms of heritage and of the transmission of it. Antonin Perbosc, as a primary school teacher and as a “felibrige” (dedicated to the transmission of Southern France Heritage) planned the creation of reading libraries within the school. In spite of measures in favour of education, barriers remained between social classes. Efforts were carried out to save the heritage, whether linked with regional or financial heritage. The press developed in youth organisations allowed female youth in agricultural regions to form female circles among agricultural hands. World War I is a turning point for this changing society.
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
95. La fille aînée du latin… est restée célibataire trop longtemps
- Author
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Jean-Michel Eloy
- Subjects
language policy ,regional languages ,French (language) ,colinguism ,is there a French sociolinguistic exception? (colloquium) ,Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar ,P101-410 - Abstract
If there is a 'French sociolinguistic exception', particularly in the relationship between the French language and the other languages of France, the practical day-to-day realities do not reveal it clearly: the concept of diglossia describes them quite well. After discussing the thesis of the 'French exception' as seen through the prism of language policy, the author examines the concept of 'colinguism' and finally concludes that there is a national linguistic ideology.
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- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
96. Análisis científico jurídico comparativo de la política lingüística en relación con las minorías nacionales
- Author
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Valiullina, Iliana and Valiullina, Iliana
- Abstract
Este artículo discute la política lingüística en relación con las minorías nacionales en países como Polonia, Gran Bretaña, Francia, Italia, Alemania, Austria, Bélgica y Hungría. La elección de estos países está determinada por la política lingüística multidireccional durante sus etapas. Se presta especial atención a los actos jurídicos nacionales, así como a los actos celebrados entre países. Además, el artículo analiza en detalle los principales factores que influyeron en la política lingüística, como los levantamientos, el bajo nivel de educación y otros., This article discusses language policy in relation to national minorities in countries such as Poland, Great Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Austria, Belgium, and Hungary. The choice of these countries is determined by the multidirectional language policy during its stages. Special attention is paid to domestic legal acts, as well as acts concluded between countries. In addition, the article analyzes in detail the main factors that influenced language policy, such as uprisings, low level of education, and others.
- Published
- 2019
97. La impotència de les «llengües regionals» a França : la «Proposition de loi relative aux langues régionales» núm. 4096
- Author
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Lagarde, Christian and Lagarde, Christian
- Abstract
La «Proposition de loi relative à la promotion des langues régionales» núm. 4096 al voltant de finals del 2016 va suscitar a l’Assemblea Nacional Francesa un debat de gran interès pel que fa a l’expressió de les estratègies argumentatives i ideològiques dels diputats, dels grups parlamentaris i, fins i tot, a través d’ells, de l’opinió pública francesa respecte de les anomenades «llengües regionals», de les quals forma part el català. Tot i que va ser votada, no prosperarà, com la majoria dels textos sobre el tema: s’ha tancat la sessió i tampoc el Senat no l’hagués aprovada. Es pretén demostrar aquí la repetida impotència en promoure les llengües minoritzades de cara a la concepció tancada i poderosa d’un estat que no deixa de ser «jacobí», promotor de l’«unilingüisme», i com aquesta ideologia lingüística s’ha filtrat al pensament majoritari.Paraules clau: França, llengües regionals, jacobinisme, unilingüisme, impotència., At the end of 2016 the “Proposition de loi relative à la promotion des langues régionales” n° 4096 generated debate in the French National Assembly. This very interesting discussion highlighted argumentative and ideologic strategies as expressed by MPs, parliamentary groups and, behind them, the French public opinion, regarding the so-called “regional languages”, including Catalan. Although this bill has been passed, it will not prosper, just as happens with many similar proposals: the parliamentary session is closed and the Senate would not have approved it either. Here we seek to highlight the recurrent impotence when it comes to promote minoritized languages in the face of the powerful closed-minded conception of a State which remains, despite it all, centralist and a promoter of “monolingualism”, and to show how language ideology has been infiltrating mainstream thinking.Keywords: France, regional languages, centralism, monolingualism, impotence.
- Published
- 2019
98. Milieux de vie et classes sociales : Perbosc et les lectures enfantines du XIXème siècl
- Author
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Duffau, Marie Thérèse and Duffau, Marie Thérèse
- Abstract
The XIXth century youth press in France, reflects social issues and the specific problems they raised at a given time along with the question of social promotion and of the barriers raised by an elite to counter equality both in terms of heritage and of the transmission of it. Antonin Perbosc, as a primary school teacher and as a “felibrige” (dedicated to the transmission of Southern France Heritage) planned the creation of reading libraries within the school. In spite of measures in favour of education, barriers remained between social classes. Efforts were carried out to save the heritage, whether linked with regional or financial heritage. The press developed in youth organisations allowed female youth in agricultural regions to form female circles among agricultural hands. World War I is a turning point for this changing society., La presse française au XIXe siècle pour la jeunesse reflète la question sociale et ses problématiques propres à l’époque avec la question de la promotion sociale et des barrières que pose une élite contre l’égalité, de l’héritage et de la transmission des patrimoines. Antonin Perbosc instituteur et félibre a établi un projet de bibliothèques scolaires. Malgré les mesures en faveur de l’instruction, des barrières sont maintenues entre les classes sociales. Des efforts sont effectués pour la sauvegarde des patrimoines, que ce soit en lien avec le terroir ou les patrimoines financiers. Les journaux des patronages permettent de regrouper des cercles féminins agricoles. La Première Guerre mondiale marque le tournant de cette société en pleine mutation.
- Published
- 2019
99. Les prépositions complexes en occitan languedocien : premières explorations
- Author
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Sibille, Jean, Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE-ERSS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Sibille, Jean
- Subjects
romance languages ,occitan ,langues romanes ,fossilisation ,prepositions ,[SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,langues régionales ,figement ,regional languages ,[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,grammaticalization ,occitan language - Abstract
After listing, in the first part of this study, all complex prepositions instantiated in the Lengadocian subcorpus of the textbase BaTelÒc, we focus on structures of the type [Prep + Det + Noun + Prep] and apply a range of tests to these, in order to assess the degree to which they are fossilised. We further investigate cases in which word strings with the same base form differ in structure, and cases in which synonymous or near-synonymous word strings have different base forms. We conclude that the categorisation of prepositional expressions is only problematic for structures whose form is compositional but whose meaning can be either compositional or non-compositional., Après avoir, dans une première partie, effectué un inventaire des prépositions complexes contenues dans la partie languedocienne la base BaTelÒc, nous nous sommes intéressés plus particulièrement aux structures de type [Prep. + Det. + Nom + Prep.] et nous leurs avons appliqué plusieurs tests, afin de tenter d’en évaluer le degré de figement. Nous avons, enfin, examiné le cas le cas de plusieurs séquences formées sur une même base mais ayant des structures différentes et celui de séquences synonymes ou quasi synonymes mais formées sur des bases différentes. Il nous est apparu, en conclusion, que la question de la catégorisation des locution prépositionnelles ne se pose que pour les structures de forme compositionnelle pouvant assumer un sens compositionnel ou un sens non compositionnel.
- Published
- 2019
100. Scientific Comparative Legal Analysis of Lenguage Policy in Relation of National Minorities
- Author
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Valiullina, Iliana
- Subjects
Language policy ,National minorities ,Minority languages ,Política lingüística ,Lenguas nativas ,Tratados de paz ,Minorías nacionales ,Lenguas minoritarias ,Peace treaties ,Native languages ,Lenguas regionales ,Regional languages - Abstract
Este artículo discute la política lingüística en relación con las minorías nacionales en países como Polonia, Gran Bretaña, Francia, Italia, Alemania, Austria, Bélgica y Hungría. La elección de estos países está determinada por la política lingüística multidireccional durante sus etapas. Se presta especial atención a los actos jurídicos nacionales, así como a los actos celebrados entre países. Además, el artículo analiza en detalle los principales factores que influyeron en la política lingüística, como los levantamientos, el bajo nivel de educación y otros. This article discusses language policy in relation to national minorities in countries such as Poland, Great Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Austria, Belgium, and Hungary. The choice of these countries is determined by the multidirectional language policy during its stages. Special attention is paid to domestic legal acts, as well as acts concluded between countries. In addition, the article analyzes in detail the main factors that influenced language policy, such as uprisings, low level of education, and others.
- Published
- 2019
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