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The field of nutrigenomics studies the interaction between nutrition and genetics, and how certain dietary patterns can impact gene expression and overall health. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), characterized by a high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, has been linked to better cardiovascular health (CVH) outcomes. This review summarizes the current state of research on the effects of nutrigenomics and MedDiet on cardiovascular health. Results suggest that MedDiet, through its impact on gene expression, can positively influence CVH markers such as blood pressure, lipid profile, and inflammation. However, more research is needed to fully understand the complex interactions between genetics, nutrition, and CVH, and to determine the optimal dietary patterns for individualized care. The aim of this scientific review is to evaluate the current evidence on the effects of nutrigenomics and MedDiet on cardiovascular health. The review summarizes the available studies that have investigated the relationship between nutrition, genetics, and cardiovascular health, and explores the mechanisms by which certain dietary patterns can impact CVH outcomes. The review focuses on the effects of MedDiet, a dietary pattern that is rich in whole foods and healthy fats, and its potential to positively influence CVH through its impact on gene expression. The review highlights the limitations of current research and the need for further studies to fully understand the complex interplay between nutrition, genetics, and cardiovascular health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore the relationship between 4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid, a compound found in broccoli fruit (Brassica oleracea var. italica), and Estrogen Receptor Beta Protein through in silico analysis. The research was conducted using Pymol, MOE 2015, Discovery Studio 2016, and Lepinski Rule software. These tools were employed to model the structure of both the compound and protein, as well as to evaluate their interaction. The results revealed a significant interaction with a Binding Affinity of -6.4182. Moreover, the Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) measurements yielded a value of 3.8907, indicating the degree of agreement between the compound and protein structures. Analysis using the Lepinski Rule disclosed the characteristics of the compound 4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid, including a mass of 164, two hydrogen bond donors, three hydrogen bond acceptors, a log P value of 1.490, and a molar reactivity of 44.776. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential of 4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid in interacting with Estrogen Receptor Beta Protein, which could serve as a foundation for further research on the health benefits and therapeutic applications of this compound, contributing to the goal of good health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is a chronic health problem that causes 690,000 deaths worldwide. The development of secondary metabolite compounds from natural preparations through an in silico approach is needed as a predictive tool to prevent breast cancer, one of them is cladosporol from Cladosporium spp. This study aims to utilize an in silico approach to predict the potential of cladosporol against alpha-estrogen receptors. The alpha-estrogen receptor with code 6CBZ was selected based on group function as pharmacophore in ligand-receptor interaction. The methods used in this study are by using an in silico approach with Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) Ver 5.5 for the docking process and CABS-flex 2.0 for identifying the stability of the complexes. ADMET properties analysis was also performed to know the pharmacokinetics attributes of cladosporol. Based on research conducted, stated that cladosporol octanoate has the lowest rerank score with a -84.3593 value and the RMSD value is 1.195 Å so it's valid for molecular docking. Exploration of cladosporol for anti-breast cancer from Cladosporium spp fungi can be a novelty for the development of future pharmaceutical research. Thus, the development of anticancer drugs for early prevention can be carried out to reduce the number of breast cancer cases worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fatty acids are good energy sources (9 kcal per gram) that aerobic tissues can use except for the brain (glucose is an alternative source). Apart from the energy source, fatty acids are necessary for cell signaling, learning-related memory, modulating gene expression, and functioning as cytokine precursors. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are saturated fatty acids arranged as a straight chain consisting minimum of 6 carbon atoms. SCFAs possess various beneficial effects like improving metabolic function, inhibiting insulin resistance, and ameliorating immune dysfunction. In this review, we discussed the biogenesis, absorption, and transport of SCFA. SCFAs can act as signaling molecules by stimulating G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and suppressing histone deacetylases (HDACs). The role of SCFA on glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and its effect on the immune system is also reviewed with updated details. SCFA possess anticancer, anti-diabetic, and hepatoprotective effects. Additionally, the association of protective effects of SCFA against brain-related diseases, kidney diseases, cardiovascular damage, and inflammatory bowel diseases were also reviewed. Nanotherapy is a branch of nanotechnology that employs nanoparticles at the nanoscale level to treat various ailments with enhanced drug stability, solubility, and minimal side effects. The SCFA functions as drug carriers, and nanoparticles were also discussed. Still, much research was not focused on this area. SCFA functions in host gene expression through inhibition of HDAC inhibition. However, the study has to be focused on the molecular mechanism of SCFA against various diseases that still need to be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herbal medicines are currently widely used, both in developing and developed countries. Herbal medicines with combinations of ingredients have complex chemical compositions, so identification of therapeutic effects is needed to support the use of these drugs in clinical decisions. The study aims to identify the therapeutic effects of the herbal medicine Sambiloto-Ginger-Turmeric (SIJAKUN) using in silico. A search for secondary metabolites in Sijakun was obtained from the KnapSack database, and then treatment predictions were carried out using WAY2DRUGPASS. After that, pharmacokinetic analysis was carried out using SwissADME. Protein targets that can interact with SIJAKUN using STITCH DB and SEA targets. Hypergeometric Test with Multiple Testing Correction Benjamini-Hochberg False Discovery Rate (FDR) was used as a statistical test. The combination of herbal medicine SIJAKUN has dominant properties as an anti-inflammatory and P53 stimulant via the JUN/AP-1 pathway. SIJAKUN meets the pharmacokinetic criteria to be used as a drug. However, it is less effective for absorption in the intestine. SIJAKUN can be used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis drug, but laboratory tests and further research are needed regarding drug preparations to increase absorption in the intestine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beetroot is rich in various bioactive phytochemicals, which are beneficial for human health and exert protective effects against several disease conditions like cancer, atherosclerosis, etc. Beetroot has various therapeutic applications, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and analgesic functions. Besides the pharmacological effects, food industries are trying to preserve beetroots or their phytochemicals using various food preservation methods, including drying and freezing, to preserve their antioxidant capacity. Beetroot is a functional food due to valuable active components such as minerals, amino acids, phenolic acid, flavonoid, betaxanthin, and betacyanin. Due to its stability, nontoxic and non-carcinogenic and nonpoisonous capabilities, beetroot has been used as an additive or preservative in food processing. Beetroot and its bioactive compounds are well reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antimicrobial, antiviral, etc. In this review, we provided updated details on (i) food processing, preservation and colorant methods using beetroot and its phytochemicals, (ii) synthesis and development of several nanoparticles using beetroot and its bioactive compounds against various diseases, (iii) the role of beetroot and its phytochemicals under disease conditions with molecular mechanisms. We have also discussed the role of other phytochemicals in beetroot and their health benefits. Recent technologies in food processing are also updated. We also addressed on molecular docking-assisted biological activity and screening for bioactive chemicals. Additionally, the role of betalain from different sources and its therapeutic effects have been listed. To the best of our knowledge, little or no work has been carried out on the impact of beetroot and its nanoformulation strategies for phytocompounds on antimicrobial, antiviral effects, etc. Moreover, epigenetic alterations caused by phytocompounds of beetroot under several diseases were not reported much. Thus, extensive research must be carried out to understand the molecular effects of beetroot in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the ancient period, Green leafy vegetables (GLV) are part of the daily diet and were believed to have several health beneficial properties. Later it has been proved that GLV has outstanding nutritional value and can be used for medicinal benefits. GLV is particularly rich in minerals like iron, calcium, and zinc. These are also rich in vitamins like beta carotene, vitamin E, K, B and vitamin C. In addition, some anti-nutritional elements in GLV can be reduced if it is grown properly and processed properly before consumption. Tropical countries have a wide variety of these green plants such as Red Spinach, Amaranth, Malabar Spinach, Taro Leaf, Fenugreek leaf, Bengal Gram Leaves, Radish Leaves, Mustard Leaves, and many more. This review focuses on listing this wide range of GLVs (in total 54 underutilized GLVs) and their compositions in a comparative manner. GLV also possesses medicinal activities due to its rich bioactive and nutritional potential. Different processing techniques may alter the nutritional and bioactive potential of the GLVs significantly. The GLVs have been considered a food fortification agent, though not explored widely. All of these findings suggest that increasing GLV consumption could provide nutritional requirements necessary for proper growth as well as adequate protection against diseases caused by malnutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dengue virus (DENV) is still global problem and infecting millions of people a year. This virus belongs to Flavivirus and consists of the structural and non-structural proteins including envelop (E), capsid (C), NS2B/NS3, and NS5. Garcinia atroviridis Griff. ex T. Anders is traditional plant that has broad potential as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-cancer activities. However, the anti-DENV potential of this plant is uncertain. The objective of this research is to find out the potential of the phytochemical compounds of G. atroviridis as DENV antiviral drugs targeting E, C, NSB2/NS3, and NS5 proteins using molecular simulation approach. Sample retrieval was obtained from PubChem and RCSB PDB. Drug- likeness analysis has been assessed with Swiss ADME based on the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics aspects. Toxicity prediction was done by pkCSM webserver. PyRx was carried out to screen ligand-protein interaction virtually. Visualization of the best interaction was displayed by BIOVIA Discovery Studio. CABS-flex 2.0 version webserver was performed to predict stability interaction. Atroviridin was determined as the most promising as DENV antiviral to be tested by the wet laboratory approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For persons who survive with progressive cancer, nutritional therapy and exercise may be significant factors to improve the health condition and life quality of cancer patients. Nutritional therapy and medications are essential to managing progressive cancer. Cancer survivors, as well as cancer patients, are mostly extremely encouraged to search for knowledge about the selection of diet, exercise, and dietary supplements to recover as well as maintain their treatment consequences, living quality, and survival of patients. A healthy diet plays an important role in cancer treatment. Different articles are studied to collect information and knowledge about the use of nutrients in cancer treatment as well as cancer prevention. The report deliberates nutrition and exercise strategies during the range of cancer care, emphasizing significant concerns during treatment of cancer and for patients of advanced cancer, but concentrating mostly on the requirements of the population of persons who are healthy or who have constant disease following their repossession from management. It also deliberates choice nutrition and exercise problems such as dietary supplements, food care, food selections, and weight; problems interrelated to designated cancer sites, and common questions about diet, and cancer survival. Decrease the side effects of medicines both during and after treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

X-ray contrast techniques were tested on the chick embryos in early periods of embryogenesis. For contrast stain, reagents with radiopacity in various concentrations were used: silver proteinate, eosin, Lugol's solution (I2KI), phosphomolybdic acid and phosphotungstic acid under heating at 25 °C and 40 °C and exposure for 24 and 48 h. The use of silver proteinate, eosin and I2KI in various concentrations in the contrast of the chick embryo in the early period of embryogenesis did not make it possible to obtain microtomographic results that provide reliable microstructural analysis. The most optimal and effective method of embryo staining at the HH22–HH34 embryonic stages reliably determined the staining of 1% phosphotungstic acid at 40 °C heating and exposure for 24 h. Taking into account the size of the chick embryos and their structures at the HH22–HH34 embryonic stages, the features of the development, location of organs, and the minimum permissible parameters of microtomography for obtaining high-quality and reliable results were determined by the isometric spatial resolution of 8.87 μm, X-ray voltage 50 kV, X-ray current 500 μA, and the use of filters started from Al 0.5 mm. Microtomographic results were obtained, characterized by the appearance of the chick embryo at the HH22–HH34 embryonic stages, and they visualized the locations and structures of the chick embryo organs and provided calculation of their volume and X-ray density. The results of the work open up significant prospects for using the chick embryo at the early embryonic period of embryogenesis as an alternative model for screening teratogenicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigated the combined effects of cooking methods (household griddle (C1), household conventional oven (C2), industrial oven (C3), storage temperature (refrigeration /freezing) and packaging system (aerobic and vacuum), on quality of chicken burgers. The results show that refrigeration storage favours the retention of moisture content and the juiciness of chicken burgers, but the application of vacuum (RV) was the best option to maintain the juiciness and moisture content (p < 0.05) of the samples prepared in an industrial oven with forced-air convection. The highest protein content was observed in the samples that were frozen in vacuum packaging (FV), and the lipid content was highest in the samples chilled in conventional packaging (RC) at 1 atm. Regardless of the cooking method used and the internal pressure of the packages (≤ 1 atm), refrigerated storage contributed to the best scores (p < 0.05) for color and flavor attributes. The treatments that presented the highest sensory acceptance index were the frozen samples in vacuum packaging prepared in the industrial oven, conventional oven, and grill (90%, 82.66%, and 74.33%, respectively). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tropical fruits are defined as fruits that are grown in hot and humid regions within the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, covering most of the tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, Africa, Central America, South America, the Caribbean and Oceania. Depending on the cultivation area covered, economic value and popularity these tropical fruits are divided into major and minor tropical fruits. There is an annual increment of 3.8% in terms of commercialization of the tropical fruits. In total 26 minor tropical fruits (Kiwifruit, Lutqua, Carambola, Tree Tomato, Elephant apple, Rambutan, Bay berry, Mangosteen, Bhawa, Loquat, Silver berry, Durian, Persimon, Longan, Passion fruit, Water apple, Pulasan, Indian gooseberry, Guava, Lychee, Annona, Pitaya, Sapodilla, Pepino, Jaboticaba, Jackfruit) have been covered in this work. The nutritional composition, phytochemical composition, health benefits, traditional use of these minor tropical fruits and their role in food fortification have been portrayed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]