51. Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: Review of the literature and of cases reported to the French addictovigilance network
- Author
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Louise Carton, Pascal Caillet, Caroline Victorri-Vigneau, Benoit Schreck, Jennyfer Cholet, Juliana Tournebize, Nicolas Authier, Stéphanie Pain, Marie Gérardin, Nicolas Wagneur, Marion Gaillard, Michel Spadari, Pascale Jolliet, Anaïs Serre, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes (IRS-UN), Service de Pharmacologie Clinique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Département Hospitalo-Universitaire de Pharmacologie de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux]-Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Hôpital Lapeyronie [Montpellier] (CHU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), and Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers)
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Marijuana Abuse ,Nausea ,Vomiting ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,MEDLINE ,Context (language use) ,PsycINFO ,Cochrane Library ,Toxicology ,Hot shower ,Addictovigilance ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Psychiatry ,Side effects ,Cannabis ,Pharmacology ,biology ,business.industry ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Syndrome ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome ,3. Good health ,Behavior, Addictive ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Antiemetics ,Dopamine Antagonists ,Female ,France ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is a variant of cyclical vomiting syndrome in a context of chronic cannabis usage. Our aim was to compare French cases to those identified in the international literature in order to further our knowledge of the clinical criteria, pathophysiology and treatments for cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. Methods We analysed cases reported in the international literature up to 30 June 2017, obtained from the MEDLINE, PsycINFO and The Cochrane Library databases; we selected relevant articles based on title and abstract. We also analysed cases of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome reported to the French addictovigilance network. Results A systematic search through the three databases enabled us to identify 137 articles. Finally, 55 articles were selected as they involved reported cases. In total, 113 cases were reported in these 55 articles. We were thus able to analyse 29 reported French cases of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome mainly affects young male subjects who have been smoking cannabis daily for several years. Taking hot baths or showers is the most effective means of relieving the symptoms, while antiemetics and dopamine antagonists do not appear to effective for relieving nausea and vomiting. Conclusions French cases display the same characteristics as the cases identified in the international literature. The pathophysiology of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is unclear and several hypotheses have been put forward in the literature. We have only begun to characterise the syndrome, though there is an outbreak of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome in France.
- Published
- 2018
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