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Background Developmental milestones are easily identifiable events during a child’s development, and their thorough monitoring is of utmost importance till 6 years of age. Rural mothers are rarely explained these milestones, which may be a reason for the higher prevalence of developmental disorders in rural areas (≊18%). This study aimed to assess the knowledge of developmental milestones in rural mothers attending a rural, tertiary care hospital and further provides intelligence to the mothers on the same. These measures will aid toward the early detection of developmental milestone anomalies. Method PNC mothers in the obstetric ward and mothers attending the pediatric outpatient department and inpatient department were selected for the study and assessed for their knowledge of childhood milestones with the help of a short questionnaire based on the Denver II Developmental Scale in three languages. Based on the feedback from mothers, the appropriate counseling was given. Results The questionnaire was assessed based on four basic domains, fine motor skills (23.33% responded correctly), personal and social skills (51.66% responded correctly), language skills (41.66% responded correctly), and gross motor skills (41.25% responded correctly). Upon later feedback, 33.33% reported a suspected developmental delay in their child. Conclusions This study indicates a very low maternal awareness of pediatric milestones in rural areas, and considering the high prevalence of developmental delays in these areas, across the world, education of mothers is a necessary and a very effective method for early diagnosis. Formulation of a framework to address this issue on the part of the authorities and healthcare professionals is an effective solution for this underreported and important issue.

Background and Objectives: Increasing psychological toughness through resilience training can help improve the mental and physical condition of mothers and ultimately improve the quality of family life. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of resilience training on the stubbornness of mothers with children with cancer who referred to Besat Medical Training Center in Hamadan. Materials and Methods: In this interventional study, 70 mothers with children with cancer were selected in the accessible way and were divided into two control and experimental groups by random assignment. In the test group, 9 sessions of 60-minute resilience training were held for mothers, one session every week at the Besat educational center in Hamadan. Immediately before and one month after the intervention, psychological toughness questionnaire was completed by the mothers. The data were analyzed with chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, Fisher's exact test, t-test and pair t-test under spss version 23 software at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Intragroup comparison of psychological toughness before and after the intervention showed that this difference was significant in the test group (p=0.000), but not significant in the control group (p=0.350). The intergroup comparison of psychological toughness before and after the intervention in the test and control groups showed that this difference was not significant before the intervention (p=0.429), but after the intervention, this difference was significant (p=0.000). Conclusion: Resilience training is recommended to increase resilience and improve the mental and physical condition of mothers with children with cancer.

Background and Purpose: To attain sustainable development in the future, society requires healthy individuals, with particular emphasis on monitoring the health status of present-day children. Therefore, the present study investigated the most important predictors of nutritional behaviors in Iranian mothers of children under two years. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Nowshahr Health Center between January and July 2022. It involved 400 mothers with children aged 6 to 24 months, randomly selected in a cluster proportional to the volume. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire comprising 25 questions based on the TPB (attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention). The analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 22. Results: In this study, the Mean±SD of participating mothers ages was 25.3±0.92 years. The results showed that among the constructs of the TPB, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms were the most important predictors of healthy nutritional behaviors among mothers, with a change variance of 20%. Conclusion: The findings of this study have implications for health professionals, policymakers, and developers of educational and behavioral interventions aimed at developing healthy nutritional behaviors. In this regard, managing and utilizing favorable healthy nutritional behaviors among mothers could yield economic, social, and health benefits.

Abstract Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is commonly used during C-section delivery and in Group B Streptococcus-positive women before vaginal delivery. Here, we primarily aimed to investigate the effect of IAP on the neonatal oral and fecal bacteriomes in the first week of life. In this preliminary study, maternal and neonatal oral swabs and neonatal fecal (meconium and transitional stool) swabs were selected from a pool of samples from healthy mother-neonate pairs participating in the pilot phase of CELSPAC: TNG during their hospital stay. The DNA was extracted and bacteriome profiles were determined by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (Illumina). In the final dataset, 33 mother-neonate pairs were exposed to antibiotics during C-section or vaginal delivery (cases; +IAP) and the vaginal delivery without IAP (controls, -IAP) took place in 33 mother-neonate pairs. Differences in alpha diversity (Shannon index, p=0.01) and bacterial composition (PERMANOVA, p0.05). However, the IAP was associated with decreased alpha diversity (number of amplicon sequence variants, p

Abstract Afghanistan has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. Inadequate postnatal care (PNC) increases the risk of maternal mortality. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic and demographic factors that affect postnatal care utilization. A secondary analysis was conducted in 2019 based on the data from the 2015 Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey. The sample included 29,461 married women aged 15–49 interviewed during the survey. This was a cross-sectional study in which a frequency distribution of independent variables for the study sample was carried out, Pearson’s chi-square test was conducted for association, and the strength of association was measured using binary logistic regression. The study found that 39.9% of married women used postnatal care services. The findings of this study suggest that place of delivery and women who gave birth at health facilities were more likely to use PNC than women who delivered at home. Women age 30–39 and 20–29 positively associated with PNC use compared with mothers aged

Abstract Background Deaths occurring during the neonatal period contribute close to half of under-five mortality rate (U5MR); over 80% of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Poor maternal antepartum and perinatal health predisposes newborns to low birth weight (LBW), birth asphyxia, and infections which increase the newborn’s risk of death. Methods The objective of the study was to assess the association between abnormal postpartum maternal temperature and early infant outcomes, specifically illness requiring hospitalisation or leading to death between birth and six weeks’ age. We prospectively studied a cohort of neonates born at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda to mothers with abnormal postpartum temperature and followed them longitudinally through early infancy. We performed a logistic regression of the relationship between maternal abnormal temperature and six-week infant hospitalization, adjusting for gestational age and 10-minute APGAR score at birth. Results Of the 648 postpartum participants from the parent study who agreed to enrol their neonates in the sub-study, 100 (15%) mothers had abnormal temperature. The mean maternal age was 24.6 (SD 5.3) years, and the mean parity was 2.3 (SD 1.5). There were more preterm babies born to mothers with abnormal maternal temperature (10%) compared to 1.1% to mothers with normal temperature (p=˂0.001). While the majority of newborns (92%) had a 10-minute APGAR score > 7, 14% of newborns whose mothers had abnormal temperatures had APGAR score ˂7 compared to 7% of those born to mothers with normal postpartum temperatures (P = 0.02). Six-week outcome data was available for 545 women and their infants. In the logistic regression model adjusted for gestational age at birth and 10-minute APGAR score, maternal abnormal temperature was not significantly associated with the composite adverse infant health outcome (being unwell or dead) between birth and six weeks’ age (aOR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.07–1.79, P = 0.21). The 10-minute APGAR score was significantly associated with adverse six-week outcome (P

Abstract Background Child cancer impacts the entire family. However, those who identify as mothers may be most negatively affected due to the societal expectations placed upon them in primary caregiving. This study was conducted with the aim of exploring the lived experiences of mothers of children with cancer and their adaptation to their child’s illness. Methods This study employed a qualitative and hermeneutic approach using Heideggerian phenomenology as a philosophical framework. Our sampling strategy was purposive. Mothers (n = 14) of children diagnosed with cancer participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The seven-steps of critical hermeneutic analysis were used to summarize and interpret findings. Results Analysis revealed that participants’ adaptation to their child’s illness occurs through comprehensive support and the utilization of empowering beliefs. The theme of comprehensive support included sub-themes of seeking informational support, seeking psychological support, and seeking social support. The theme of utilizing empowering beliefs encompassed sub-themes of resilience against cultural misconceptions and reliance on spiritual beliefs. Furthermore, one constitutive pattern ‘mothers’ efforts to overcome difficult twists and turns in living with children with cancer’ was identified.This related to participants’ striving to navigate the twists and turns of life’s hardships. Conclusions Relationships and social context are vital and important features of this phenomena. Employing a team approach to provide comprehensive support to mothers of children with cancer involving physicians, nurses, and psychologists can be supportive in their adaptation to their child’s cancer. Additionally, reductions in cultural taboos surrounding cancer could facilitate improved adaptation to childhood cancer for these mothers.

AimsMethodsResultsConclusionTo investigate what it is about community-based perinatal mental health peer support from trained volunteers that works, for whom, in what circumstances, in what respects, and why; and build a change model that includes positive and negative mechanisms and outcomes.Realist evaluation methods based on semi-structured interviews were used to create a change model for a third sector programme in England.Mothers who received peer support (n = 20), peer support volunteers (n = 27), and programme staff (n = 9) were interviewed. Positive impact on mothers was primarily based on feeling understood and accepted, social comparison (including normalisation, hope, and gaining perspective) and sharing non-directive information from experiential knowledge. Negative impact on mothers was based on negative social comparison, or absence of key peer support mechanisms. Mothers were affected in different ways, depending on individual contexts: their backgrounds, personalities, social situations, resources, experiences, beliefs, and needs. Some different mechanisms were present in one-to-one and group situations. All participants considered the benefits of peer support to greatly outweigh the risks.Individual contextual factors affect the multiple mechanisms through which mental health peer support can improve mothers’ emotional wellbeing and social participation. Peer support has potential risks as well as benefits, which can be mitigated. Programmes could use this understanding of how contexts and mechanisms interact to produce peer support outcomes to improve training for peer support volunteers and to design future evaluations that take into account diversity of peer support experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Child cancer impacts the entire family. However, those who identify as mothers may be most negatively affected due to the societal expectations placed upon them in primary caregiving. This study was conducted with the aim of exploring the lived experiences of mothers of children with cancer and their adaptation to their child's illness. Methods: This study employed a qualitative and hermeneutic approach using Heideggerian phenomenology as a philosophical framework. Our sampling strategy was purposive. Mothers (n = 14) of children diagnosed with cancer participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The seven-steps of critical hermeneutic analysis were used to summarize and interpret findings. Results: Analysis revealed that participants' adaptation to their child's illness occurs through comprehensive support and the utilization of empowering beliefs. The theme of comprehensive support included sub-themes of seeking informational support, seeking psychological support, and seeking social support. The theme of utilizing empowering beliefs encompassed sub-themes of resilience against cultural misconceptions and reliance on spiritual beliefs. Furthermore, one constitutive pattern 'mothers' efforts to overcome difficult twists and turns in living with children with cancer' was identified.This related to participants' striving to navigate the twists and turns of life's hardships. Conclusions: Relationships and social context are vital and important features of this phenomena. Employing a team approach to provide comprehensive support to mothers of children with cancer involving physicians, nurses, and psychologists can be supportive in their adaptation to their child's cancer. Additionally, reductions in cultural taboos surrounding cancer could facilitate improved adaptation to childhood cancer for these mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hungarian Medical Journal / Orvosi Hetilap is the property of Akademiai Kiado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Adverse pregnancy outcomes have reached epidemic proportions in recent years with serious health ramifications, especially for diverse cancers risk. Therefore, we carried out an umbrella review to systematically evaluate the validity and strength of the data and the extent of potential biases of the established association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and cancers risk in both mother and offspring. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception until 18 January 2024. Meta-analyses of observational studies investigating the relationship between adverse pregnancy outcomes and multiple cancers risk in both mother and offspring were included. Evidence certainty was assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. The protocol for this umbrella review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023470544). Results: The search identified 129 meta-analyses of observational studies and 42 types of cancer. Moderate certainty of evidence, exhibiting statistical significance, has been observed linking per kilogram increase in birth weight to a heightened risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.02–1.12), prostate cancer (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00–1.05), leukemia (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.13–1.23), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in offspring (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.12–1.23); rubella infection during pregnancy to an increased risk of leukemia in offspring (OR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.16–6.71); and a linear dose–response association between an increase in the proportion of optimal birth weight and an elevated risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in offspring (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.09–1.24), respectively. Conclusions: Although some adverse pregnancy outcomes have clinically promising associations with risk of several cancers in both mother and offspring, it is essential to conduct additional research to solidify the evidence, evaluate causality, and ascertain clinical utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Parents play a crucial role in the family-centered care (FCC) model by evaluating the quality of care provided. The first step in understanding parents' perceptions of FCC is to identify and address their needs to enhance services for preterm newborns and their families. This study was conducted as a correlational study in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a referral hospital in location X. The study included a sample of 150 mothers of preterm newborns (28–36 weeks) hospitalized in the NICU. Data were collected using the "Perceptions of FCC-Parent" questionnaire and the Parents' Satisfaction Questionnaire from the NICU (EMPATHIC-N). The results of the study indicated that mothers of preterm infants received below-average FCC but expressed relatively high satisfaction with the care provided in the NICU. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated a significant positive correlation between mothers' perception of receiving FCC and their satisfaction with the care in the NICU. This study highlighted the positive impact of implementing FCC on parents' satisfaction with care. Given the suboptimal implementation of FCC in this study setting, it is essential to identify and address the barriers to its effective implementation in future research. This proactive approach can enhance the quality of care provided to parents and their preterm newborns in the NICU setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to develop a workplace breastfeeding support scale for working mothers and examine their psychometric properties. This methodological research was conducted between February and April 2022. This study included 325 mothers who continued breastfeeding while working. The tool development stages included item generation, expert review for content validity testing, and psychometric testing. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews between February and April 2022. In data analysis, for explanatory factor analysis, the direct oblimin technique and scree plot test were performed. Structural equation modeling was performed for confirmatory factor analysis. Two sub-dimensions (manager support, environmental support) and a nine-item workplace breastfeeding support scale showed good validity and reliability. The Cronbach's alpha value of the total scale and sub-dimensions of the scale were greater than 0.70. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit indices were acceptable (χ2 = 68.658, χ2/df = 2.64, CFI = 0.94, GFI = 0.96, AGFI = 0.92, and RMSEA = 0.07). The total variance explained by the scale was 54.32 percent. This newly developed 9-item and 2-dimensional version is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the working mothers' perception of workplace breastfeeding support. This tool is recommended to be verified in other low, middle, and high-income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we analyse the motherhood and care experiences of women researchers in Spain to understand the ways in which they manage the work-care conflict in the scientific-academic field and how it impacts their employment and psycho-social wellbeing. To do this, we conducted 30 semi-structured interviews with researchers at all levels of the academic career affiliated with 23 Spanish universities and research centres. The results show that academic mothers experience overload, stress and guilt in facing the double mandate of being "good mothers" and "good professionals". The results also indicate that they feel forced to sacrifice selfcare to more comfortably meet their professional and domestic responsibilities, and to choose between two lesser evils: postponing or giving up motherhood or lowering their professional ambitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a critical autoethnography informed by Critical Race Theory (CRT) and Dis/ability Critical Race Studies (DisCrit) that explores the notion of DisCrit mothering in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. I use my experiences as a disabled Latina motherscholar and mindfulness practitioner to reflect on how I mother my two young children and foster radical love in educational spaces. I present the pandemic context and how it relates to compassion fatigue and a litany for survival but also offer the pandemic as an opportunity for personal and collective transformation. I use the narrative of sacrificio, a teacher's note from school, and a "giftedness" program to discuss how I try to resist internal and external pressures to conform to ableist mindsets and practices by cultivating radical love, solidarity, and critical questioning in myself and in my children. I end this work with hope and love for the next generation of DisCrit, social justice warriors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Sleep disturbances, which are common during pregnancy, may compromise labor. Nevertheless, little is known about associations between sleep disturbances and the likelihood of ending up induction of labor (IOL). Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the connections between sleep disturbances during pregnancy and IOL. Methods: Altogether 1778 women from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study with gestation weeks over 37 + 6 were enrolled in the study. The women were divided into IOL (n = 331) and spontaneous onset of labor (SOL, n = 1447) groups. Sleep disturbances in late pregnancy were evaluated using the Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were conducted with adjustments for age, body mass index, parity, smoking, and depressive symptoms. Results: Sleep disturbances were frequent in both IOL and SOL groups. In the IOL group 43.0% and in the SOL group 39.0% had poor general sleep quality (P = 0.186). Nocturnal awakenings occurred most commonly, in 94.0% and 93.9%, respectively (P = 0.653). In the IOL group, more women (22.7%) were habitual snorers than in the SOL group (17.0%, P = 0.017), however, the difference lost the statistical significance in adjusted analysis (P = 0.848). Women in the IOL group were more likely to be short sleepers (< 7 h) compared to those in the SOL group (20.2% and 15.4%, respectively, P = 0.034) with no difference after adjustment (P = 0.133). The two groups showed no differences in sleep loss (P = 0.252). Conclusions: Deterioration in sleep quality was noticeable in pregnant women, but it was unconnected with IOL. As the frequency of IOL is increasing, more research for related risk factors is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the influence of parental cognition, including attitudes, beliefs, and understanding of anxiety, on emotion dysregulation in children with anxiety disorder. A total of 47 clinically anxious children (6–17 years old) and their parents were involved in the current study. The mothers and fathers separately completed a self-reported questionnaire assessing their attitudes, beliefs, and understanding of their children's anxiety, while the children completed a self-report questionnaire assessing emotion dysregulation. Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were used for data analysis. The results indicated that only fathers' higher levels of unhelpful attitudes, beliefs, and understanding of anxiety were positively and significantly associated with greater emotion regulation (ER) difficulties in anxious children. Furthermore, fathers' unhelpful cognitions regarding anxiety uniquely predicted their children's emotion regulation difficulties. These findings highlight the importance of including fathers in preventive and therapeutic interventions in promoting ER abilities in children with anxiety disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pathological process of atherosclerosis begins in childhood and increases the risk of myocardial infarction, other cardiac diseases, and subsequent stroke. To investigate the relationship between maternal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level during pregnancy and LDL-C level in offspring at 8 years old. The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) is an ongoing birth cohort study to elucidate the effects of environmental factors on health from the fetal period to early childhood. A total of 1,226 mother-child pairs were enrolled in the present study, which was conducted as an adjunct study to the JECS at the Kochi Unit Center (Kochi, Japan). Peripheral blood samples and anthropometric measurements of the children were collected at age 8. In addition, 540 of the enrolled children's fathers whose peripheral blood samples were collected at the time of JECS enrollment were also analyzed. The exposures of interest were maternal serum LDL-C level during pregnancy and paternal LDL-C level. The outcome of interest was serum LDL-C level of offspring at 8 years old. Mean (SD) serum LDL-C levels were 107.0 (25.6) mg/dL for mothers, 116.5 (27.4) mg/dL for fathers, and 89.9 (21.4) mg/dL for offspring. LDL-C level in mothers whose offspring had above-normal LDL-C levels (≥ 110 mg/dL) was significantly higher than that in mothers whose offspring had normal LDL-C levels (< 110 mg/dL). If a mother has a high LDL-C level during pregnancy, her offspring might also have a high LDL-C at age 8. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Remedia is the property of Medical Tribune CZ, s.r.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Larq Journal for Philosophy, Linguistics & Social Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Larq Journal for Philosophy, Linguistics & Social Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT: Background: Developmental milestones are easily identifiable events during a child's development, and their thorough monitoring is of utmost importance till 6 years of age. Rural mothers are rarely explained these milestones, which may be a reason for the higher prevalence of developmental disorders in rural areas (≊18%). This study aimed to assess the knowledge of developmental milestones in rural mothers attending a rural, tertiary care hospital and further provides intelligence to the mothers on the same. These measures will aid toward the early detection of developmental milestone anomalies. Method: PNC mothers in the obstetric ward and mothers attending the pediatric outpatient department and inpatient department were selected for the study and assessed for their knowledge of childhood milestones with the help of a short questionnaire based on the Denver II Developmental Scale in three languages. Based on the feedback from mothers, the appropriate counseling was given. Results: The questionnaire was assessed based on four basic domains, fine motor skills (23.33% responded correctly), personal and social skills (51.66% responded correctly), language skills (41.66% responded correctly), and gross motor skills (41.25% responded correctly). Upon later feedback, 33.33% reported a suspected developmental delay in their child. Conclusions: This study indicates a very low maternal awareness of pediatric milestones in rural areas, and considering the high prevalence of developmental delays in these areas, across the world, education of mothers is a necessary and a very effective method for early diagnosis. Formulation of a framework to address this issue on the part of the authorities and healthcare professionals is an effective solution for this underreported and important issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Derrida's reading of Heidegger's 1962 lecture On Time and Being concludes the last session of the 1978–79 seminar published in Donner le temp II. There, Heidegger suggests that the task of thinking consists of thinking Being without regard to metaphysics, while ceasing all overcoming of metaphysics as such. What is given as the task for thought is that which onto-theology makes impossible to think, that is, the constitutive aporetic remainder of metaphysical thinking. This essay contends that for both Heidegger and Derrida the task of thought consists in this same matter of thinking, with which the question of the gift primarily deals. It maintains that in order to think the giving of the gift without regard to metaphysics, the gift could be thought in terms of anxiety. In this perspective, anxiety emerges as a thoughtful affect that gives an access to thinking the impossible, cutting through the onto-theological order of metaphysics. Finally, bringing together Heidegger and Lacan's accounts of anxiety allows us to creep deeper into this liminal dimension of what is to be thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peter Fitzpatrick's life and work encourages reflection on the enduring myth of the father, including as it appears in contemporary debates about the place of canonical figures on university syllabi. I suggest that a simple call for the destruction of father figures misses one of the key insights offered by Fitzpatrick: the story of the father is the ur-myth of modernity. As we criticise the legacies of fathers, whether in the canon or otherwise, we miss this revelation and, inadvertently re-circulate monumental stories of patriarchal and colonial origins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses a database of fifty petitions submitted to the Lancashire Quarter Session Courts between 1660 and 1720 to locate mothers who cared for non-kin children in early modern England. While boarding children with non-kin was a practice not unknown to historians, the identities and experiences of the women who provided the childcare have hitherto been largely absent from previous scholarships. These petitions were brought by women who were not receiving the appropriate or arranged financial compensation for their caring responsibilities. Through their descriptions of disorder in their arrangements, we can uncover not only the attributes of the carers and their lived experiences but also more broadly what early modern English society expected from them. In addition, these petitions allow for a deeper understanding of how the practice of boarding children operated within and without the confines of the poor laws. Given the importance of child-rearing and the belief that it was a female task, this mothering gave common women authority that would otherwise be less accessible to them. This article thus argues that women understood the wider significance of this labour and used the influence it offered them to their advantage in their petitions. More broadly, then, this article provides a re-examination of the relationship between women, the poor law and authority in early modern England. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis research was designed to determine the effect of the attachment styles of mothers on separation anxiety in children with autism. One hundred forty mothers of children with autism contacted using the convenience sampling method were included in this descriptive and correlational research. The data were collected using a questionnaire containing a sociodemographic form, the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory (ECRI) and the Separation Anxiety Assessment Scale-Parents’ Version (SAASP). An anxious attachment style among mothers of children with autism was found to exacerbate separation anxiety in those children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The case of two latency-aged siblings is discussed with initial dreams that highlight the maternal archetypal projection. These dreams presented a key to developing a treatment for these two children. The underlying premise of the archetypal projection as well as familial dynamics are explored along with a summary of the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 4 Maccabees' skillfully woven tale of seven brother martyrs and their mother, a rather puzzling phrase appears in the emotionally-charged scene of the mother looking upon the mutilated corpses of her seven sons. The graphic description—burned flesh, severed hands, scalped heads, corpses upon corpses—includes, in most editions of the text, a side reference to the place filled with many spectators because of the children's torments (4 Macc 15:20; NRSVue). These editions and translations reflect an ancient scribal emendation to the Greek text of Codex Sinaiticus that reads χόριον (afterbirth) as χορίδιον/χωρίδιον/χωρίον (place). What is surprising about this emendation is that it disrupts the focus of the encomium—the mother's exemplary courage despite seeing the extreme mutilation of her children—whereas the earlier reading, afterbirth, is an apt description of the corpses within the context of the scene and complements the portrayal of the mother's role throughout the book. This article considers how the erasure of afterbirth in 4 Macc 15:20 obscures the significance of the birthing metaphor in 4 Maccabees' portrayal of the mother's role, particularly as it relates to the image of her rebirthing (ἀνατίκτω) her sons into immortality (4 Macc 16:13). Far from a scribal error in need of emendation, afterbirth in 4 Macc 15:20 is a key feature of the birth imagery, which functions in concert with the masculinization of the mother to paint a portrait of her as the embodiment of both masculine and feminine ideals, the ultimate example of Torah piety, and a generative force of immortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Self-efficacy is important in supporting breastfeeding behaviors and enhancing breastfeeding practices. This study aimed to explore research trends, identify knowledge gaps, and provide a comprehensive overview of breastfeeding self-efficacy. Materials and Methods: Data were retrieved from the Scopus online database on March 20, 2024, encompassing articles published in English between 2000 and 2023. The search strategy focused on articles containing the keywords “self-efficacy,” “breastfeeding,” and “mother.” VOSviewer version 1.6.19 was then used to map the data and visually identify research clusters. Results: The analysis yielded a significant increase in breastfeeding self-efficacy research over the past 2 decades. The United States led in publication numbers (117 documents), while Canada dominated citations (2792 citations). Furthermore, the analysis identified 8 critical themes in 8 different clusters, encompassing various aspects of breastfeeding, including determinants, behaviors, interventions, and mental health considerations during lactation, and employed research methodologies. One crucial gap identified in this study pertains to low breastfeeding social support. This includes a lack of support from peer groups, social networks, and social media platforms. Addressing this gap can be a valuable reference point for developing future interventions to bolster breastfeeding self-efficacy. Conclusion: Bibliometric analysis contributes to exploring research trends, identifying knowledge gaps, and providing a comprehensive overview of breastfeeding self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Childbirth is a stressful event for mothers, and labor epidural analgesia (LEA) may reduce mental stress. Mental stressors include labor pain, fear, and anxiety, which induce oxidative stress. In this study, we focused on oxidative stress during delivery and conducted a cross-sectional analysis of maternal and fetal oxidative stress. The participants included 15 women who received LEA (LEA group) and 15 who did not (No LEA group). Participants with a gestational age of < 37 weeks, BMI of ≥ 35 kg/m2, cerebrovascular or cardiovascular complications, multiple pregnancies, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, chronic hypertension, thyroid disease, birth weight of < 2,500 g, emergency cesarean section, or cases in which epidural anesthesia was re-administered during delivery were excluded from the study. Maternal blood was collected on admission, and immediately after delivery, and umbilical artery blood was collected from the fetus. The oxidative stress status was assessed by measuring diacron-reactive oxygen metabolite (an index of the degree of lipid peroxide oxidation), biological antioxidant potential (an index of antioxidant capacity) and calculating the ratio of BAP/d-ROMs (an index of the oxidative stress). The results showed that maternal oxidative stress immediately after delivery was lower in the LEA group than in the No LEA group. Moreover, the fetuses experienced less oxidative stress in the LEA group than in the No LEA group. Taken together, these results suggest that LEA may reduce maternal and fetal oxidative stress associated with childbirth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known about the association of parental cardiovascular risk factors with the risk of obesity in offspring. We aimed to investigate whether parental ideal cardiovascular health (ICVH) status was associated with the risk of general and central obesity in their young/adult offspring. Of individuals who participated in the 2012-15 phase of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, 2395 pairs of parent-unmarried offspring aged ≥6 years were selected in this cross-sectional study. General and central obesity were defined based on Iranian BMI percentile reference data for offspring aged ≤18 years. For subjects aged ≥19 years, central obesity was defined based on the introduced cut-off points for Iranian adults. We employed the American Heart Association's 2020 impact goal criteria of ICVH. The mean ± SD age of fathers and mothers were respectively 55.4 ± 9.79 and 48.4 ± 9.88. About 55% of offspring were older than 19 years. Higher adherence to ICVH score in mothers was associated with lower risk of overweight/obesity in female offspring (OR for Q1-Q4: 1, 0.56, 0.57, 0.37, P < 0.05 for all quartiles). Among ICVH components, only ideal BMI status in fathers was observed to be associated with a lower risk of overweight/obesity in their male offspring. The risk of abdominal obesity decreased in female offspring with increasing total ICVH score in mothers. Higher adherence of parents to ICVH and its components was positively associated with a lower risk of general and abdominal obesity in their offspring. Our findings demonstrate that maternal-offspring relationship was stronger than paternal-offspring association. • Maternal ideal BMI was related to lower overweight and obesity in female offspring. • Absence of diabetes in mothers was related to lower obesity in female offspring. • Paternal ideal BMI status was related to lower risk of obesity in male offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In post-377 neoliberal India, with the emergence and proliferation of subscription-based video streaming platforms, the cultural field has undergone a sea change. In this complex, shifting, and evolving cultural terrain, representation of queer/lesbian women is becoming less uncommon. Maja Ma contributes to this growing cultural landscape by offering the representation of a "lesbian" who is also a Hindu mother, aunty, and wife. In this paper, I explore what the politics of naming—which has largely been avoided by films committed to the representation of queer women in Hindi cinema—offers the film's "lesbian" protagonist, what it reveals about her complex figuration as aunty-mother-wife, and what naming offers relationalities that are forged, informed, and altered by the private disclosure as well as public revelation of her queerness. Drawing on queer cultural studies scholarship focused on India, as well as scholarship on the complexities of "lesbian" activism in India, I interrogate the shift that Maja Ma engenders in Indian queer cultural landscape, and the queer possibilities it offers this field, while paying attention to dominant norms of representation it aligns itself with. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Buca Faculty of Education Journal / Buca Egitim Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Buca Faculty of Education Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: This study aimed to reveal the relationship between mothers' parenting self-efficacy levels and their awareness of child abuse. Methods: This descriptive and relational study was conducted with 283 women between October 1, 2021 and December 15, 2021 via Google Form. The data were collected using the "Information Form", "Parental Self-Efficacy Scale Among Mothers", and "Abuse Awareness Scale Parent Form". The compliance of the data to normal distribution was evaluated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics (number, percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum), One-Way ANOVA, Chi-square test, and the correlation analysis. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the mothers in the study was 35.95±6.17, and the average number of children was 2±1. A relationship was revealed between the education level, place of residence, number of children and parenting self-efficacy of the mothers (p<0.05). A statistically significant relationship was found between the knowledge of the mothers in the study about child abuse and their level of education, place of residence, and feelings of self-efficacy about raising children (p<0.05). A weak negative relationship was revealed between the age of the mothers and the Abuse Awareness Scale Parents Form score (p<0.05). Conclusion: The mothers in the study were found to have a moderate level of parenting self-efficacy and awareness of abuse. The mothers with a high education level, fewer children, and living in the city center were found to have higher parenting self-efficacy, while younger mothers were found to have higher awareness of abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Recherches en Langue et Littérature Françaises is the property of University of Tabriz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Estudos Feministas is the property of Revista Estudos Feministas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Indonesia is a country with a high incidence of stunting. In 2022, the prevalence of stunting in Bogor Regency was 24.9%, which was higher than the national average. The Padasuka subdistrict is recognized as a stunting locus area. Children's health is closely linked to the parenting style employed by their parents, particularly mothers. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the maternal factors contributing to the prevalence of stunting among toddlers. This study used an observational approach with a case-control design, conducted from December 2022 to August 2023 in Padasuka Village, Bogor Regency. Data collection encompassed anthropometric measurements, including the weight and height of toddlers and mothers, maternal characteristics such as age, education, and occupation, and nutritional status. The data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. The research sample consisted of 41 mothers of stunted toddlers (cases) and 41 mothers of normally developing toddlers (controls), resulting in a total of 82 participants. Bivariate analysis to explore the relationships between variables, as well as the chi-squared test and independent t-test to measure the differences in average height and nutritional status. The results of the analysis revealed that maternal height (p=0.000) and nutritional status (p=0.035) were significantly correlated with the incidence of stunting. In addition, there were notable differences in the average values of maternal height and nutritional status between the stunted group and the normally developing group with p-values of 0.038 and 0.040, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that maternal height and nutritional status contribute to the incidence of stunting among toddlers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Inadequate food intake is the most common cause of malnutrition worldwide. There is paucity of knowledge on the influence of farming systems, a proxy for contextualizing community-based food networks, and sociocultural perspectives necessary for creating impactful nutritional programs and policies for young children from infancy to early childhood in Kenya and their mothers, especially in Kenya. This study sought to evaluate nutrient intakes of young children and their mothers from Pastoral, Agro-pastoral and Mixed farming system in Kenya. Methods: Mothers and their children were recruited from households in Narok south as part of the Animal Health Innovation Study. One day multiple pass 24-h dietary recall was completed for a sample of infants 6-11 months, and toddlers aged 12-48 months (n = 161), and women of reproductive age (15-49 years) (n = 161) via face-to-face interviews with the primary caregiver. Nutrient intakes were estimated using CS Dietary Software and compared with the Adequate Intakes, Recommended Dietary Allowance and/or Estimated Average Requirement. Results: The mean intake of key nutrients varied across farming systems. Children aged 6-11 months, met the Adequate Intake and Recommended Dietary Allowance levels for protein and Vitamin A. However, deficiencies were noted in thiamine, vitamin C, vitamin B6, selenium, and niacin across different farming systems, with insufficient Iron intake, particularly in pastoral and agro-pastoral systems (3 mg/d vs. 7 mg/d and 5 mg/d vs. 7 mg/d respectively. Folate intake was significantly lower in pastoral and mixed farming systems, with levels below the recommended 100 Îg dfe/d. Calcium intake was sufficient across all farming systems, while phosphorus intake was consistently below the AI of 180 mg/d in children aged 12-48 months. In the mixed farming group, intake exceeded the Recommended Nutrient Intake for calcium, while phosphorus intake remained low across all age groups in agro-pastoral and mixed farming systems. Magnesium intake fell below AI levels in all groups (<65AI). Among women of reproductive age (15-49 years), the agro-pastoral group exhibited the highest carbohydrate intake, while the mixed farming group had the highest protein intake (51.07 ± 6.5). Women met vitamin A recommendations, with zinc, iron, and selenium intake felling below the Adequate Intake in all groups. Conclusion: While certain nutrients such as protein and vitamin A intake were met in children and mothers, deficiencies were noted in crucial nutrients like iron and folate across various farming systems. These findings underscore the importance of considering local contextual factors when designing nutrition interventions. To address nutritional disparities and improve overall health outcomes and wellbeing for children and mothers in diverse agricultural settings in Kenya, it is important to prioritize an understanding sociocultural contexts and/or regional variations in designing and implementation of targeted interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Deaths occurring during the neonatal period contribute close to half of under-five mortality rate (U5MR); over 80% of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Poor maternal antepartum and perinatal health predisposes newborns to low birth weight (LBW), birth asphyxia, and infections which increase the newborn's risk of death. Methods: The objective of the study was to assess the association between abnormal postpartum maternal temperature and early infant outcomes, specifically illness requiring hospitalisation or leading to death between birth and six weeks' age. We prospectively studied a cohort of neonates born at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda to mothers with abnormal postpartum temperature and followed them longitudinally through early infancy. We performed a logistic regression of the relationship between maternal abnormal temperature and six-week infant hospitalization, adjusting for gestational age and 10-minute APGAR score at birth. Results: Of the 648 postpartum participants from the parent study who agreed to enrol their neonates in the sub-study, 100 (15%) mothers had abnormal temperature. The mean maternal age was 24.6 (SD 5.3) years, and the mean parity was 2.3 (SD 1.5). There were more preterm babies born to mothers with abnormal maternal temperature (10%) compared to 1.1% to mothers with normal temperature (p=˂0.001). While the majority of newborns (92%) had a 10-minute APGAR score > 7, 14% of newborns whose mothers had abnormal temperatures had APGAR score ˂7 compared to 7% of those born to mothers with normal postpartum temperatures (P = 0.02). Six-week outcome data was available for 545 women and their infants. In the logistic regression model adjusted for gestational age at birth and 10-minute APGAR score, maternal abnormal temperature was not significantly associated with the composite adverse infant health outcome (being unwell or dead) between birth and six weeks' age (aOR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.07–1.79, P = 0.21). The 10-minute APGAR score was significantly associated with adverse six-week outcome (P < 0.01). Conclusions: While our results do not demonstrate an association between abnormal maternal temperature and newborn and early infant outcomes, good routine neonate care should be emphasized, and the infants should be observed for any abnormal findings that may warrant further assessment. Target journal: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth (https://bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com/). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Afghanistan has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. Inadequate postnatal care (PNC) increases the risk of maternal mortality. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic and demographic factors that affect postnatal care utilization. A secondary analysis was conducted in 2019 based on the data from the 2015 Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey. The sample included 29,461 married women aged 15–49 interviewed during the survey. This was a cross-sectional study in which a frequency distribution of independent variables for the study sample was carried out, Pearson's chi-square test was conducted for association, and the strength of association was measured using binary logistic regression. The study found that 39.9% of married women used postnatal care services. The findings of this study suggest that place of delivery and women who gave birth at health facilities were more likely to use PNC than women who delivered at home. Women age 30–39 and 20–29 positively associated with PNC use compared with mothers aged < 20 years. Each level of women's educational attainment increased their use of PNC, and women with higher education were more likely to use PNC than those without education. Furthermore, women who visited 1–3 and more than four ANC visits were more likely to use PNC than women who did not visited ANC. Moreover, women exposed to mass media were more likely to use PNC than those who were not exposed to mass media. Finally, women who lived in the northern and western regions were more likely to use PNC than those who lived in the central region, while women who lived in the southern and southeastern regions were less likely to use PNC than those who lived in the central region. Therefore, strengthening the provision of information, education, and communication could be a communication channel to further improve PNC utilization. Meanwhile further studies are needed to focus on the quality of maternal health care and PNC services in Afghanistan in order to obtain more precise information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Being an unexpected, undesired and life-threatening situation, preterm birth (PTB) is a stress-, anxiety- and depression-generating factor for women delivering prematurely. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between self-efficacy, coping strategies and perceived stress in mothers who experienced preterm birth and full-term birth, to determine the needs for personalized emotional support. Methods: The study was conducted among 251 women divided into the preterm birth group (PBG) and the full-term birth group (FBG). Data were collected using the following: (1) The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) Questionnaire, (2) Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and (3) Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations Questionnaire (CISS), which were distributed online from January 2021 to June 2021. Results: Lower STAI scores were recorded in the preterm birth group (PBG) with high self-efficacy (HSE) when compared to the full-term birth group with HSE. CISS test scores were higher in PBG women with low self-efficacy (LSE) in comparison to women with LSE in FBG (p < 0.001). A positive and strong relationship (0.83; p < 0.05) was found between avoidance-oriented style and strategy of avoidance by engaging in surrogate activities and a positive moderate relationship (0.58; p < 0.05) with the style of looking for social contacts in PBG with LSE. Conclusions: The task-oriented coping style seems to be the most beneficial strategy for mothers, regardless of their preterm or term delivery, as focusing on specific activities increases the sense of self-efficacy and the anxiety level can decrease. Awareness of different styles of coping with stress and a sense of self-efficacy are necessary to plan personalized interventions for premature infants' mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We aimed to identify maternal characteristics predicting interpretation of infant emotions, as well as relations between such interpretations and mother-infant stress. Specifically, we investigated (1) prospective associations between maternal dispositional mindfulness and interpretation of infant emotions, and (2) concurrent associations between maternal interpretation of infant emotions and mothers’ and infants’ cortisol during a dyadic stressor in a non-clinical community sample (n = 78) of mother-infant dyads. Mothers completed the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire at 3 months postnatal, and the IFEEL Picture infant emotion interpretation task at 6 months postnatal. At 6-months, mother-infant dyads completed the Face-to-Face Still Face paradigm, and physiological stress was assessed via salivary cortisol. Regression analyses revealed significant links between aspects of maternal mindfulness – specifically, Observing, Describing, and Acting with Awareness facets – and infant emotion interpretation; more mindful mothers’ emotion ratings were less negatively biased and covered the full spectrum of infant emotions, congruent with the range of responses given by a low-risk reference sample. In turn, less negativity bias and greater interpretive congruence predicted lower infant and mother cortisol during the stress session, with effects small-medium in size. Findings highlight the potential role of maternal interpretation of infant emotions in mindful parenting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children are more likely to become addicted as they become accustomed to using smartphones, and as they observe and imitate their parents using smartphones. This study aims to confirm longitudinally the effect of mother's smartphone addiction on children's smartphone addiction. Latent growth modeling was used to analyze longitudinal relationships between 3615 pairs of children and their mothers from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) (2018–2020). As a result, both the mothers and children's smartphone addiction significantly increased over time. The initial value of the mother's smartphone addiction was found to have a significant effect on the child's initial value and the change rate. Moreover, children's smartphone addiction change rate was significantly affected by the change rate of the mother's smartphone addiction. To intervene in children's smartphone addiction, a family-level approach, as well as parental addiction, must also be addressed, and a preventive approach should focus on those with a low risk of addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition to motherhood often involves navigating multiple, often conflicting, identities, which calls for negotiations across various aspects of the self and identity. Apart from collective body management practices in Ghana, different ideals of maternal dress and appearance coexist in the context of globalization. Drawing insight from Goffman's dramaturgical theory, this study explores the role of dress in navigating pregnancy and motherhood and the significance of social interaction and the audience in the negotiations. Through interviews with 42 mothers in Ghana, we identify three primary forms of embodied performances: that of a traditional mother; a fashionable and modern mother; and a productive and professional worker. By focusing on the dynamics of power relations, as well as the strategies that underlie these performances, such as idealization, role distancing, covering, and passing, we obtain a nuanced understanding of maternal performance in the Global South, specifically Ghana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides an account of the way shame, intrusion or other adverse experiences in early childhood can prevent genuine identification with an ego‐ideal, which is felt to be a burden. I argue that the ego‐ideal is necessary to impel the individual towards continual growth and that its absence vitiates the formation of a durable ego. The paper points out the consequences for the subject, which include incapacitation of the ego and the desire to circumvent life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in infants is challenging owing to the non-specific clinical manifestations in infancy, particularly preterm infants. Two cases in preterm infants are reported. Case 1, conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF), was born at 27 + 1 weeks gestational age weighing 880 g. He presented on Day 85 with intermittent fever. Following a course of systemic broadspectrum antibiotics, he deteriorated, developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). TB Xpert polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the sputum obtained by laryngeal aspiration confirmed Mycobacterium TB (MTB) on Day 97. He responded well to anti-tuberculosis treatment. His mother had a fever and headache and was diagnosed with COVID-19 79 days after delivery. The fever persisted for nearly 10 days after empirical treatment. She was eventually diagnosed with miliary TB and tuberculous meningitis 92 days after delivery. Case 2 was conceived by IVF and born at 36 + 6 weeks gestation weighing 2430 g. She presented on Day 15 with intermittent fever and abdominal distention. Chest and abdominal radiography demonstrated severe diffuse inflammatory changes. She had received BCG vaccination, and there was no history of contact with active TB. TB PCR of the sputum obtained by laryngeal aspiration confirmed MTB on Day 19. The asymptomatic mother was subsequently diagnosed with pulmonary and genital TB. TB should be considered as a differential diagnosis in infants with unexpected respiratory distress and fever. Women evaluated for infertility should be routinely screened for TB before receiving assisted reproductive treatment, particularly where TB is prevalent. Abbreviations: ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; BPD: bronchopulmonary dysplasia; CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; IVF: in vitro fertilization; KMC: Kangaroo mother care; MDR: multidrug-resistant; MTB: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; NICU: neonatal intensive care unit; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; PS: pulmonary surfactant; SIMV: synchronised intermittent mandatory ventilation; TB: tuberculosis; CT: computed tomography; HREZ: isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide; IGRA: interferon-γ release assay; IVF: in vitro fertilization; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; TB: tuberculosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Films on trans children often portray transgenderism as a disorder with a tragic ending for the protagonists, thereby ignoring the existing research on children being capable of expressing their own gender. In this article, we perform a close reading of the feature film 20,000 Species of Bees from a queer and feminist perspective. We focus on the potential of the film as a tool for educational practice as part of queer pedagogies. This coming-of-age movie portrays a family in which both daughter and mother undergo an identity crisis, challenging the traditional (gender) norms in the Basque society in which they are embedded. We argue that, unlike some of the recent films featuring trans children, 20,000 Species of Bees breaks with the conventional structures of mediated trans identities as problematic and opens a new perspective on the pedagogical use of the media, particularly cinema, as a space for imagining a 'future to become'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]