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This article discusses the topical issues of engineering education, which have become the discussion point at the international network scientific and practical conference titled “Synergy” that has been held since 2016. The organizational basis of the conference is provided by the leading technical universities in Russia under the support of the international societies for engineering education and the largest Russian energy company Gazprom. The article outlines the broad issues of the conference, related to interdisciplinarity, new standards and technologies for engineering education, digital educational environment and online technologies, interaction between engineering education and high-tech business and industry, the models of digital competencies and mechanisms to independently certify them, training of highly qualified personnel, professional education within the school-university-enterprise system, and many other relevant aspects of contemporary engineering education.

Context Current debriefing approaches and faculty development strategies for simulation educators differ around the world. We aim to describe the status of current debriefing practice and faculty development for simulation educators in this study. Methods We distributed a paper-based survey during 2 international conferences to obtain data from active International Network for Simulation-based Pediatric Innovation, Research and Education members. The survey was tested to ensure content validity and consisted of the following 3 constructs: demographic characteristics, current debriefing practice, and issues related to faculty development. Results One hundred nine of 114 participants (96%) completed the survey. Debriefing practice differs in terms of timing, duration, framework, and conversational framework. Most debriefings were less than 30 minutes (93/109, 85%), with many educators not using objective data during debriefing (47/109, 43%). Three- or 4-phase debriefing frameworks were used most commonly (66/109, 61%). Most participants have access to some faculty development opportunities (99/109, 91%). Barriers to faculty development are related to time and resource constraints (eg, freeing up facilitator's time: 75/109, 69%, competing priorities 64/109, 59%). Most participants indicated that their needs for debriefing to improve learning outcomes were met (95/109, 87%). The desired content for future faculty development opportunities varies between educators with different levels of expertise. Conclusions Approaches to debriefing among members of an international pediatric simulation network vary considerably. Although faculty development opportunities were available to most participants, future simulation programs should work on addressing barriers and optimizing faculty development plans to meet the needs of their educators.

After his stay in Paris in the summer of 1572, Philip Sidney (1554–86) spent nearly three years abroad, partly at the University of Padua and partly traveling through the Holy Roman Empire. His mentor Hubert Languet (1518–80) made him free of his large international network of friends and acquaintances, so that when the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre forced him to leave France, the seventeen year old could count on a benevolent reception in many places. This essay shows the various politico-religious cultures and structures Sidney learned on his travels through the empire, and incidentally confirms the historical identity of his equestrian mentor Pietro Pugliano.

Esta entrevista se realiza a los fundadores de esta red internacional que trabaja por el respeto, la formación y la investigación de los temas de diversidad en Latinoamérica.

In this paper, we discuss core ideas arising from research undertaken in a Leverhulme Trust (IN2016-002) funded international network project. The project examined youth activism, engagement and th...

A educação ocupa um lugar importante na formação humana por promover um descortinar da cegueira do conhecimento. Para tanto, a educação requer espaços que promovam a construção do saber, religue conceitos de igualdade e sociedade a fim de possibilitar o ato de educar em toda sua inteireza. Com o objetivo de relatar as principais atividades que nortearam a atuação dos Núcleos RIEC FURB e RIEC ECOFOR em Santa Catarina, engajados com a justiça social, este artigo foi elaborado a partir de uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, com base de dados nos registros dos núcleos e publicações relacionadas. Os dados demonstram uma intensa atividade de ambos os núcleos no desenvolvimento de ensino, pesquisa e extensão e revelam a potencialidade socializadora das ações empreendidas na direção de consolidar o desempenho da Rede Internacional de Escolas Criativas desde a educação básica até o ensino superior no período de 2012 a 2020.

BACKGROUND: Covid-19 pandemic greatly impacted on the healthcare systems worldwide with negative consequences on several aspects of clinical populations. For neurological chronic conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS), rehabilitation activities have been suspended or postponed during the pandemic. Rehabilitation is crucial for people with MS (PwMS) because it promotes recovery from relapses and maximizes opportunities for social participation. To better understand the impact of Covid-19 emergency on rehabilitation services for MS, the European network for rehabilitation in MS (RIMS) disseminated a survey to healthcare professionals (HPs) and representatives of the MS rehabilitation services (RSs), to explore the two different perspectives on the delivery of rehabilitation in usual circumstances and during the Covid-19 emergency. METHODS: The online survey was distributed from July 9th to September 20th, 2020. Besides general information on the responders (e.g. location of center, and memebership to RIMS), information was collected on usual service delivery (e.g. settings, specialities, and types of treatment), the impact of Covid-19 circumstances (e.g. restrictions, use of personal protective equipment, and impact on work), and the use of technologiesin rehabilitation. RESULTS: Twenty-two representatives of MS rehabilitation services (RSs)and 143 health care professionals (HPs) responded. Most of RSs and HPs worked in services specialized for MS including a mixture of all usual rehabilitation settings (i.e. inpatient, outpatient and community setting). The majority of services adopted a multidisciplinary framework, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, social service, speech and language therapy, psychological support, dietary interventions, medical management, vocational rehabilitation and cognitive rehabilitaton. Overall, most of responders indicated they did not use technologies in their practice (e.g. for treatment or assessment). However, depending on the type of technology a low-to-medium percentage of responders declared to use some technologies before Covid-19 crisis (5-55% for RSs and 12-53% for HPs) and a low percentage planned the use after pandemic (0-14% for RSs and 1-10% for HPs). Moreover, for the responders the most feasible interventions deliverable through tele-rehabilitation were psychological support and dietary interventions, with psychological support considered the most necessary intervention to be remotely implemented. Moderate feasibility (30-60%) was reported for hands-off interventions (e.g. aerobic exercise and cognitive rehabilitation) whereas low feasibility (

BACKGROUND In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the treatment indication for patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) in various clinical practice guidelines. METHODS We searched for potentially relevant studies conducted from January 2000 to March 2020 using online databases, including PubMed, Ovid-EMBASE, Guidelines International Network, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, KoreaMed, KMbase, and KoMGI. We reviewed and analyzed the guidelines that included recommendations on GIOP and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. RESULTS A total of 94 articles were selected based on review of the title and abstract; 14 guidelines were assessed upon reviewing the full text. The bone mineral density score for therapeutic intervention of GIOP in postmenopausal women was presented in 7 guidelines, among which 3 guidelines set a T-score of -2.5 or lower and the other 4 guidelines proposed a less stringent cut-off point of -1.5 or lower. Among the 10 guidelines published since 2012 after the emergence of the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX), 6 guidelines included FRAX in their criteria for defining intervention thresholds. However, they were further divided into fixed-probability (n=3) and age-dependent (n=3) thresholds based on the country. CONCLUSIONS Recently developed guidelines use FRAX as the criterion for establishing the treatment of patients with GIOP. However, these intervention thresholds need to be adapted for each country.

Bibliography: Nicholas, Lucy: Social transaction: Introduction to the Special Issue: Positive non-binary and / or genderqueer sexual ethics and politics, INSEP – Journal of the International Network for Sexual Ethics & Politics, Vol. 8, Special Issue 2020, pp. 3-10. https://doi.org/10.3224/insep.si2020.01

Fundada en 1970, la International Association of Labour History Institutions (IALHI) es una red internacional que nuclea bibliotecas, archivos, museos y centros de investigación de los cinco continentes. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar a la IALHI y a las actividades que realiza, en el contexto más general de la historia de las instituciones, archivos y bibliotecas dedicadas a la historia del movimiento obrero y las izquierdas y de sus relaciones internacionales. Established in 1970, the International Association of Labour History Institutions (IALHI) is an international network of libraries, archives, museums, and research centres from five continents. The aim of this paper is to characterise the IALHI and its activities against the background of the history of institutions, archives and libraries dedicated to the history of the labour and its international relations. Fil: Poy Piñeiro, Lucas Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani"; Argentina

The new discipline of Network Medicine stems from the growing realization that conventional scientific reductionism is inadequate for dissecting complex diseases, increasing efficacy of prevention strategies, or tailoring precise therapies. In addition, Network Medicine acknowledges that health and disease must be viewed in the context of the interplay among multiple molecular and environmental determinants that must be fully considered in precision diagnostics and therapeutics. Network Medicine, therefore, aims to use innovative technology, information, and big data to create an integrated set of principles and discoveries that can fully capture these inherent dependencies, are relevant and translatable to the clinic, and, consequently, are truly innovative in their implementation. The principles and discoveries aim to influence prevention, diagnosis, and treatment beneficially.

The paper deals with the problem of network dependence of Russian news magazines and the actual dictates of international network structures (Scopus, WOS, etc.) that set their own requirements for their content and quality. The latter influence not only the scientific rating of journals, but also the publishing policy of their publications. The situation is further complicated by the fact that the rules of the game imposed by them have been adopted by the country's state authorities and, first of all, by the Ministry of science and higher education of the Russian Federation, which has tightened the requirements for reports of scientific and educational institutions, as well as researchers and teachers, including mandatory publications in Scopus and other international databases. Despite the efforts made by the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the leadership of higher education institutions, Russian science was dependent on these structures, which began to determine the directions and priorities of its development, including selecting the subject and language of journal publications. All this is a direct violation of the constitutional norms of the Russian state and the right to freedom of scientific creativity of scientists. The scientific community of Russia is faced with the task of protecting the interests of journal editors and protecting the right of authors to Express their own scientific position and the ability to present publications in their native language.

Farshchian Heart Center is the fifth health-promoting hospital and the first center of its type in Western Iran that officially joined the International Network of Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services (HPH) in 2016. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the health promotion standards at this center in 2018.We conducted this cross-sectional study at Farshchian Heart Center of Hamadan. The main data collection instruments included questionnaires obtained from indicators of five different main standards of health-promoting hospitals developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) which were evaluated from three different perspectives: Management staff, hospital employees, and patients. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 software.We evaluated 111 hospital employees, 109 patients, and 6 management staff. Nurses (46.8%) comprised the majority of the hospital staff respondents. Less than half (42.3%) of the hospital staff expressed awareness of hospital health promotion policies; however, only 13.5% had attended various health promotion programs. Only 51.4% of patients knew about the hospital health promotion policies and 17.4% of them participated in relevant programs. The mean score for patient satisfaction with the hospital health promotion programs according to the visual analogue scale (VAS, range: 0-10) was 7.16 ± 2.45, which was significantly higher in outpatients (8.16 ± 1.85) compared to inpatients (6.44 ± 2.59, p = 0.001). Two thirds (66.7%) of the management staff expressed awareness of implementation of these programs.The results of this study demonstrated that health promotion policies based on WHO standards were not well-recognized among patients, hospital employees, and management staff in Farshchian Heart Center of Hamadan, Iran.

This study investigates the extent to which international learning intent and different dimensions of international network searching (i.e., breadth and depth) contribute to innovation performance of emerging market small and medium-sized enterprises (ESMEs). We contend that simple international network searching or motivation for learning does not guarantee the successful innovation of ESMEs. The present study posits that the international explorative capabilities of these ESMEs enable them to transform knowledge from external network resources into innovation performance. We collected data from 204 China-based ESMEs and analyzed these data using structural equation modeling. Findings demonstrate that international learning intent and breadth of international network positively affect ESMEs’ own explorative capability and thus innovation performance. However, the depth of international network does not significantly influence international explorative capability. Using learning and network searching perspectives on ESMEs’ internationalization, this study elucidates that ESMEs can improve their own innovation performance by improving access to and application of external knowledge learned through extensive international partner networks.

Failure to adopt the rational pattern of prescribing and dispensing by health professionals represents a significant risk to the safety of patient and lead to pharmaceuticals wastage. This study was designed to evaluate the prescribing and dispensing pattern at the selected basic healthcare facilities of Islamabad Pakistan. World Health Organization with collaboration to International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs has provided the core indicators to configure and examine the prescribing patterns. The study was conducted in 2018, using these indicators following the study sites, fourteen Basic Health Units, three Rural Health Centres and three local dispensaries located in Islamabad (Pakistan) were randomly visited and that accounts overall 600 prescribing episodes collected retrospectively. The results of this study highlighted that the average number of drugs prescribed was 2.751. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic was 41.15%. Percentage of steroids, injections and antibiotics were 7.68%, 16.05% and 48.6%. The drugs prescribed from Essential Drug List were 75.08%. Average consultation time was 2.699 minutes. The average dispensing time was 1.479 minutes. We concluded that high number of average drugs per prescription, over prescription of antibiotics, low generic prescribing, less average consultation and dispensing time found in healthcare facilities. Keywords: Prescribing pattern, Basic health facilities, INRUD prescribing indicators, WHO prescribing indicators

O programa PELD, existente ha 23 anos no CNPq, tem sua continuidade assegurada pelo lancamento periodico de Chamadas Publicas e conta atualmente com 34 sitios de referencia distribuidos em todos os biomas do pais, com atuacao em dezenas de unidades de conservacao, alem de outras areas protegidas e areas sujeitas a impactos antropicos..Possui uma estrutura de gestao bem atuante, na qual os Comites Gestor e Cientifico atuam de forma integrada nas decisoes estrategicas para o aperfeicoamento do Programa. E membro da Rede Internacional de Pesquisa Ecologica de Longa Duracao – ILTER, que congrega 44 paises-membros e suas redes de sitios de pesquisa ecologicas de longa duracao. O programa vem reunindo esforcos para fomentar uma cultura nacional devotada a pesquisa ecologica em torno de questoes ambientais e solucoes e praticas de uso sustentavel dos recursos naturais e dos servicos ecossistemicos, com importantes contribuicoes para politicas publicas voltadas a conservacao da biodiversidade e o bem-estar humano. LONG-TERM ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH PROGRAM – PELD/CNPq - MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES, ADVANCES AND PROSPECTS: The PELD program, held for 23 years by CNPq, is maintained by ongoing Public Calls. The PELD network currently has 34 reference sites distributed in all biomes from Brazil, operating in dozens of protected areas and areas subject to anthropic impacts. The Program has a well-established and active management structure, in which the Management and Scientific Committees act in an integrated manner for strategic decisions in order to improve the Program. It is a member of the International Network for Long Term Ecological Research - ILTER, which brings together 44 member countries and their networks of long-term research sites. The program has been pooling efforts to foster a national culture devoted to long-term ecological research that can address environmental issues and point to solutions and practices for sustainable use of natural resources and ecosystem services, with important contributions to the proposition of public policies, promoting biodiversity conservation and human welfare.

Amongst the most significant extreme meteorological phenomena are the Sand and Dust Storms (SDS). Owing to significant amounts of airborne mineral dust particles generated during these events, SDS have impacts on climate, the environment, human health, and many socio-economic sectors (e.g. aviation, solar energy management). Many studies and reports have underlined that the society has to understand, manage and mitigate the risks and effects of SDS on life, health, property, the environment and the economy in a more unified way. The EU-funded European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action ‘InDust: International network to encourage the use of monitoring and forecasting Dust products’ has an overall objective to establish a network involving research institutions, service providers and potential end users on airborne dust information. We are a multidisciplinary group of international experts on aerosol measurements, aerosol modelling, stakeholders and social scientists working together, exchanging ideas to better coordinate and harmonize the process of transferring dust observation and prediction data to users, as well as to assist the diverse socio-economic sectors affected by the presence of high concentrations of airborne mineral dust. This article highlights the importance of being actively engaged in research networking activities, supported by EU and COST actions since common efforts help not only each scientist by shaping their expertise and strengthening their position, but also all communities.

Objective:To analyse the extent and nature of food and beverage advertising on the three major Brazilian free-to-air television (TV) channels.Design:Cross-sectional study. A protocol developed for the International Network for Food and Obesity/Non-Communicable Diseases Research, Monitoring and Action Support was applied for data collection. A total of 432 h of TV programming was recorded from 06.00 to 24.00 hours, for eight non-consecutive and randomly selected days, in April 2018. All TV advertisements (ads) were analysed, and food-related ads were classified according to the NOVA classification system. Descriptive analyses were used to describe the number and type of ads, food categories and the distribution of ads throughout the day and time of the day.Setting:The three most popular free-to-air channels on Brazilian TV.Participants:The study did not involve human subjects.Results:In total, 14·2 % (n 1156 out of 7991) of ads were food related (858 were specific food items). Approximately 91 % of food items ads included ultra-processed food (UPF) products. The top three most promoted products were soft drinks, alcoholic beverages and fast-food meals. Alcoholic beverage ads were more frequently broadcast in the evening.Conclusion:The high risk of exposure of the Brazilian population to UPF ads should be considered a public health concern given the impact of unhealthy food advertising on people’s food choices and health.

Colombia se vinculó al comercio internacional a través de la importación de mercancías y la exportación de productos en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Las comunicaciones regulares entre importadores mayoristas y firmas extranjeras muestran que aquellos estaban bien conectados y que estas ofrecían diferentes ventajas a clientes de lugares distantes. El propósito de este artículo es analizar cómo las redes de contactos de los comerciantes locales Uribe Ruiz, de Rionegro (Antioquia, Colombia), facilitaron la conexión del país con la economía internacional. Este análisis responde a través de un estudio de caso a las siguientes preguntas: ¿cómo se establecían las relaciones comerciales con firmas extranjeras?, ¿quiénes conformaban una red comercial internacional y qué productos negociaban? y ¿cómo fortalecían dichas relaciones? La metodología, de tipo cualitativo, se basa en el análisis de una base empírica amplia compuesta principalmente por la correspondencia epistolar de la familia Uribe Ruiz. La reconstrucción de la red permitió identificar firmas extranjeras, el tipo de productos que ofrecían y cómo se establecieron relaciones comerciales en mercados distantes. A diferencia de la mayoría de los estudios sobre redes comerciales en Colombia, que exploran las relaciones internas, aquí el uso de la correspondencia sirvió para determinar el tamaño de la red internacional y sus agentes.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine and critique current approaches of higher education (HE) community concerning stakeholder engagement in the development of information and communications technology (ICT) related accessibility practice. Design/methodology/approach The approach taken to this examination is to draw on presentations, panel discussions and World Café reflections from an international symposium held in Montreal where researchers and practitioners debated two key questions as follows: have all the relevant stakeholders really been identified? Are there some stakeholders that the HE community has ignored? And what factors influence successfully distributed ownership of the accessibility mission within HE institutions? Findings A number of “new” internal and external stakeholders are identified and it is argued that if they are to be successfully engaged, effort needs to be invested in addressing power imbalances and developing opportunities for successful strategic silo-crossing. Originality/value The value of this paper is in critiquing the argument that all stakeholders in the development of accessible ICT in HE need to be involved, identifying a gap in the argument with respect to whether all relevant stakeholders have actually been engaged and offering insights into this omission might be rectified.

Directed by Jean-Luc Rinaudo, "La telepresence en formation (Telepresence in Training)" is the result of a symposium held in 2017 that brought together researchers from four different countries (France, Belgium, Switzerland and Canada) and that took place during the meetings of the International Network for Research in Education and Training (Reseau international de recherche en education et formation - REF). Comprising nine chapters divided into three themes, the book is based on various research studies on telepresence, thus providing a broad overview of this crucial topic for e-learning.

Background: Outward Bound New Zealand (OBNZ) was established in 1962, as part of an international network of outdoor education schools founded in the United Kingdom by Kurt Hahn, with the central values of empowering people to fulfill their potential, fostering compassion, and developing courage. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide an empirical case study of an organization evolving according to an industry life cycle, by examining OBNZ’s changing values and how they have maintained their Classic 21-day courses. Methodology/Approach: The research involved semi-structured, in-depth interviews with past School and Executive Directors ( n = 14). Findings/Conclusions: During the 1990s, OBNZ encountered major challenges, which required significant organizational change, but their core business is still the classic course. OBNZ’s values have been repeatedly reviewed but remain aligned to its fundamental vision: better people, better communities, better world. Implications: Hahn’s value of compassion has remained central to OBNZ; however, the Māori [indigenous people of New Zealand] concept of kaitiakitanga [guardianship] has also been integrated into its philosophy. Maintaining its core values has sustained this progressive value-based organization over the past 50+ years.

Objectives To determine the spread of ESBLs and carbapenemases in Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Europe. Methods 45 335 Gram-negative bacilli were collected in 18 European countries as part of the International Network for Optimal Resistance Monitoring (INFORM) global surveillance programme from 2013 to 2017. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using broth microdilution, and 9546 isolates were screened for β-lactamase genes by PCR and sequencing. Results ESBLs were identified in 35.5% of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 18.5% of Escherichia coli. ESBL carriage was lowest among isolates in Northern/Western Europe and highest in Eastern Europe. CTX-M-15 was the dominant ESBL in all countries except Greece, where SHV-type ESBLs were more common. Carbapenemases (KPC, OXA-48-like, GES, NDM and VIM) were found in 3.4% of Enterobacterales and were most common among K. pneumoniae (10.5% of those collected). Carbapenemase carriage was lowest in Northern/Western and highest in Southern Europe. KPC-positive Enterobacterales were most abundant but the percentages of OXA-48-like-, NDM- and VIM-positive isolates increased over time and were correlated with an increase in meropenem non-susceptibility. Carbapenemases (VIM, IMP, NDM and GES) were also identified in 5.1% of P. aeruginosa and were commonly found in Eastern Europe. Carbapenemase carriage and meropenem non-susceptibility among P. aeruginosa fluctuated over the 5 years studied and were not well correlated. Conclusions ESBL and carbapenemase carriage varied by species and European subregion. Meropenem non-susceptibility in European isolates of Enterobacterales can be attributed to carbapenemase carriage and is increasingly caused by MBLs and OXA-48-like carbapenemases. Carbapenemases or other β-lactamases are not a common cause of meropenem non-susceptibility in P. aeruginosa in Europe.

Background Despite the increasing attention given to evidence-based practice, little research has focused on the quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) involving psychotherapy. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the quality of national CPGs for psychological treatments for depression in European countries. Methods A search of the Guidelines International Network's library was conducted. Four guidelines met inclusion criteria for the study and were assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE-II) platform. Results Overall, the guidelines included in the study were found to be of good quality, although two guidelines received low scores for applicability, and some did not provide information on competing interests or potential influences from funding bodies. Limitations Although guidelines were retrieved from a well-known international library, some European guidelines for depression published elsewhere may have been overlooked. Conclusions Results of this study provide support for the high quality of the guidelines reviewed, but also raise some concerns regarding editorial independence and the applicability of the guidelines, areas that should be the focus of improvement in future versions of these guidelines.

Based in Barcelona, this international network of designers-turned-activists seek to transform our world on a local and global level by examining how design can impact empathy skills, optimistic mindsets and solution-orientated approaches to improve the built environment. What tools, techniques and practices are required to improve care in society? How to define shared processes and capabilities? The office’s approach is based upon values established by its founding members Lekshmy Parameswaran and Laszlo Herczeg.

Background: The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on management of thyroid nodules (TNs) and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in adults were developed to inform clinicians, patients, researchers, and health policy makers about the best available evidence, and its limitations, relating to management of these conditions. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional electronic survey of ATA members' perspectives of these CPGs, using a standardized survey (Clinician Guidelines Determinant Questionnaire) developed by the Guidelines International Network. A survey link was electronically mailed to members in February of 2019, with reminders sent to nonrespondents 2 and 5 weeks later. Data were descriptively summarized, after excluding missing responses. Results: The overall response rate was 19.8% (348/1761). The effective response rate was 20.2% (348/1720), after excluding a recently deceased member and individuals who had either invalid e-mail addresses or whose e-mails were returned. Of the respondents, 37.9% (132/348) were female, 60.4% (209/346) were endocrinologists, 27.5% (95/346) were surgeons, and 3.5% (12/346) were nuclear medicine specialists. The majority of respondents (71.9%; 250/348) were at a mid- or advanced-career level, and more than half were in academia (57.5%; 195/339). The majority (69.8%; 243/348) practiced in North America. The vast majority of respondents indicated that the CPGs explained the underlying evidence (92.3%; 298/323) and 92.9% (300/323) agreed or strongly agreed with the content. Most respondents stated that they regularly used the CPGs in their practice (83.0%; 268/323). Most respondents (83.0%; 268/323) also agreed or strongly agreed that the recommendations were easy to incorporate in their practice. The most popular CPG format was an electronic desktop file (78.8%; 252/320). Shorter more frequent CPGs were favored by 55.0% (176/320) of respondents, and longer traditional CPGs were favored by 39.7% (127/320). Conclusions: The clinical content and evidence explanations in the adult TN and DTC CPGs are widely accepted and applied among ATA survey respondents. Future ATA CPG updates need to be optimized to best meet users' preferences regarding format, frequency, and length.

In order to overcome currency of dangerous cosmetics, medicines and foods, so that the eforts of the trackling need to be enhenced, from society, government institution and upholder of laws institution which in this case is BPOM. The aim of POM is to discovery, prevent and control products included to protect consuments safety and healthy. BPOM has national and international network linking and also authority of laws and has high professional credibilies. That's why this reaserch was aimed to find out an appropriate of laws strategy that could be taken by BPOM as institute which has authority to ward off and giving law protection for the consuments caused of the accurancy of dangerous cosmetics and food. Based on this research and it's discussion, that is the regulations of cosmetics products must be fulfilled as attached rules regarding of pasal 2 the judgement of BPOM RI no. HK.00.05.4.1745 about cosmetics, the purpose of BPOM Jambi in order to warding off dangerous cosmetics and food currency for healthy, is appliying two stages of control those are pre-market and post-market. As the eforts of post-market control, BPOM continouesly gives education to consuments through communication, information and aducation and also publish public warning to society if it's found dangerous cosmetics and foods, and increas the collaboration with related agency such as official of healthy and tha official of perindag so that the use of dangerous materials could be controlled. The control of cosmetics, medicines and foods (POM) comprehensively covering pre-market nad post-market evaluation and post-market control would be held routine and continously by BPOM. The effort of safety to protect society from currency of danggerous cosmetics and foods, had fulfilled the regulation of mutual rules and or safety and or benefits, and controling activity and safety afforementioned in the case of cismetics and food could be fulfilledz so that there were some eforts non pr ojustitia and pro justitia.

Desde el significado de la justicia restaurativa en delitos de terrorismo, se contextualiza la red internacional de «encuentro de encuentrosrestaurativos» para efectuar un análisis temático del círculo de diálogo que tuvo lugar en San Sebastián, en 2019, cuando participantes de diversos países, que realizaron encuentros restaurativos en este ámbito, debatieron sus implicaciones personales, interpersonales y sociales. Finalmente se alude a los programas actuales de justicia restaurativa en el ámbito penitenciario.

Introduction/Background* Due to the rarity of cancer during pregnancy, physicians not always have up to date knowledge on all possibilities of treatment during pregnancy. To support physicians with decision on optimal cancer treatment for their pregnant patients, the Advisory Board on Cancer, Infertility and Pregnancy (ABCIP) was founded under the umbrella of the International Network for Cancer, Infertility and Pregnancy (INCIP). Methodology Medical experts from a variety of disciplines and countries were informed on this new initiative, and asked whether they were interested in actively participating in the ABCIP. Several national advisory boards were founded, as well as an overarching international board. Funding was acquired to build a website to facilitate accessibility for physicians requesting advice and a forum for online discussions and communication between the board members. Based on available literature, default texts were drafted to use in the recommendation letters. Result(s)* An online platform was created at www.ab-cip.org, where physicians are able to submit questions regarding their pregnant patients with cancer, using only anonymous patient data. A total of 73 experts from a variety of disciplines and countries are joined in the national and international boards. Of this group, experts from eight countries already expressed their interest in setting up their own national advisory board. Incoming requests are discussed by the experts on a secure forum on the website. The website generates a recommendation letter, based on available literature and expert opinion of the board members, to send back to the requesting physician. In the first month after foundation, seven requests for advice were already submitted and discussed. Conclusion* The ABCIP provides easily accessible, free of charge recommendations to physicians from all over the world with questions regarding their pregnant patients with a cancer diagnosis or patients with a cancer diagnosis who wish to become pregnant in the future.

There are several networks represent the nursing profession in an international context. The European Network of Nursing in higher Education is one of them. It includes 14 partners from European countries. The main goal of ENNE is to support quality improving innovations in nursing education and broaden students' horizons to the European workfield. ENNE offers a lot of possibilities: different strategies to serve nursing students as well as teachers, project leaders and researchers, organization of coordinators meeting and student conference, promotion and support to students and teacher exchange, … The COVID-19 pandemic has offered new challenges for any international network, but for ENNE in particular.

This editorial summarises a number of recent empirical contributions to macroeconomic policies in open economies, with a special focus on European and small emerging countries. The contributions are a selection of the articles presented at the 20th Annual Conference of the International Network For Economic Research (INFER), which took place at the University of Goettingen in September 2018. The articles included discuss fiscal and monetary policy effects, covering also labor market issues and the determinants and effects of international trade and transfers for specific countries. Finally, a methodological paper that presents an improved technique for time series analysis closes the issue.

Summary The food environment is a major contributor to unhealthy diets in children and, therefore, to the increasing rates of obesity. Acclaimed by scholars across the world, Latin American countries have been leaders in implementing policies that target different aspects of the food environment. Evidence on the nature and to what extent children are exposed and respond to unhealthy food environments in the region and among Latinos in the United States is, however, deficient. The objective of this review is to use the integrated International Network for Food and Obesity/noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) Research, Monitoring and Action Support (INFORMAS) framework to create healthy food environment to (i) compare the key elements of childhood obesity‐related food environments in Latin America and for Latinos living in the United States; (ii) describe the evidence on solutions to improve childhood obesity‐related food environments; and (iii) identify research priorities to inform solutions to fight childhood obesity in these populations. We found that an integrated body of evidence is needed to inform an optimal package of policies to improve food environments to which children in Latin America and Latino children in the United States are exposed and more efficiently translate policy solutions to help curb growing childhood obesity levels across borders.

The newest book about the Filipino writer, activist and founder of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), Jose Maria Sison, was published in 2019. Here, Sison’s worldviews are illustrated in...