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Copyright of On the W@terfront is the property of University of Barcelona, Centre de Recerca POLIS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The aim of this review was to summarize the data on HIV/AIDS epidemiology and affected populations in Ghana and to describe the United States President's Emergency Plan for Emergency Relief's (PEPFAR) response to the epidemic., Design: We conducted a literature review focusing on PEPFAR's contribution to the HIV response in Ghana. Additionally, we summarized the epidemiology of HIV. We searched both peer-reviewed and grey literature., Setting: Ghana., Results: Overall, HIV prevalence in Ghana is 1.6% with regional variation. Key populations (KPs) are disproportionately affected by HIV in the country. FSW and their clients, and MSM, account for 28% of all new infections. PEPFAR provides technical assistance (TA) to Ghana to maximize the quality, coverage and impact of the national HIV/AIDS response. To ensure adequate supply of antiretrovirals (ARVs), in 2016-2017, PEPFAR invested $23.7 million as a onetime supplemental funding to support Ghana's ARV treatment program. In addition, the National AIDS Control Programme in collaboration with PEPFAR is implementing a scale up of viral load testing. PEPFAR is also implementing a comprehensive package of prevention services in five regions to help reach MSM and FSW and to expand HIV testing services for KPs., Conclusions: Ghana is making changes at both policy and program level in the fight against HIV/AIDS and is working towards achieving the UNAIDS' 90-90-90 targets. PEPFAR is providing TA to ensure these goals can be achieved., Funding: This manuscript has been supported by the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: None declared

OBJECTIVE To determine the source of a healthcare-associated outbreak of Pantoea agglomerans bloodstream infections. DESIGN Epidemiologic investigation of the outbreak. SETTING Oncology clinic (clinic A). METHODS Cases were defined as Pantoea isolation from blood or catheter tip cultures of clinic A patients during July 2012-May 2013. Clinic A medical charts and laboratory records were reviewed; infection prevention practices and the facility's water system were evaluated. Environmental samples were collected for culture. Clinical and environmental P. agglomerans isolates were compared using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Twelve cases were identified; median (range) age was 65 (41-78) years. All patients had malignant tumors and had received infusions at clinic A. Deficiencies in parenteral medication preparation and handling were identified (eg, placing infusates near sinks with potential for splash-back contamination). Facility inspection revealed substantial dead-end water piping and inadequate chlorine residual in tap water from multiple sinks, including the pharmacy clean room sink. P. agglomerans was isolated from composite surface swabs of 7 sinks and an ice machine; the pharmacy clean room sink isolate was indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis from 7 of 9 available patient isolates. CONCLUSIONS Exposure of locally prepared infusates to a contaminated pharmacy sink caused the outbreak. Improvements in parenteral medication preparation, including moving chemotherapy preparation offsite, along with terminal sink cleaning and water system remediation ended the outbreak. Greater awareness of recommended medication preparation and handling practices as well as further efforts to better define the contribution of contaminated sinks and plumbing deficiencies to healthcare-associated infections are needed. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:314-319.

Purpose: The lack of an ongoing surveillance system for hemoglobinopathies in the United States impedes the ability of public health organizations to identify individuals with these conditions, monitor their health-care utilization and clinical outcomes, and understand the effect these conditions have on the health-care system. This article describes the results of a pilot program that supported the development of the infrastructure and data collection methods for a state-based surveillance system for selected hemoglobinopathies., Methods: The system was designed to identify and gather information on all people living with a hemoglobinopathy diagnosis (sickle cell diseases or thalassemias) in the participating states during 2004-2008. Novel, three-level case definitions were developed, and multiple data sets were used to collect information., Results: In total, 31,144 individuals who had a hemoglobinopathy diagnosis during the study period were identified in California; 39,633 in Florida; 20,815 in Georgia; 12,680 in Michigan; 34,853 in New York, and 8,696 in North Carolina., Conclusion: This approach provides a possible model for the development of state-based hemoglobinopathy surveillance systems.

Wafer‐scale deposition of high‐휅 gate dielectrics compatible with atomically thin van der Waals layered semiconductors (e.g., MoS2, WS2, WSe2) is urgently needed for practical applications of field effect transistors based on 2D materials. A study on a high‐휅 molecular crystal antimony trioxide (Sb2O3) gate dielectric examined the role of electrode material on dielectric degradation and breakdown. It is demonstrated that the thin films of Sb2O3 can be uniformly deposited on a wafer scale. The current–voltage (I–V) curves show tightly controlled distributions of both leakage current and breakdown voltage. Electrical measurements reveal that defects are generated gradually upon electrical stressing. The evaluation of degradation is based on charge trapping, stress‐induced leakage current, and dielectric breakdown measurements. The breakdown voltage distribution follows a tight monomodal Weibull distribution suggesting a high quality of the film. Comparing Ti and Au as gate electrodes, both the breakdown field and the tunnel current are affected by the choice of electrode material. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that the chemistry at the electrode/Sb2O3 interface plays an important role and that Ti scavenges oxygen from the Sb2O3, forming a defective oxide layer at the Ti/Sb2O3 interface. For the Au electrode, this interfacial reaction is completely absent, improving the dielectric performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interventions designed to address COVID-19 needed to be rapidly scaled up to the population level, and to address health equity by reaching historically marginalized populations most affected by the pandemic (e.g., racial/ethnic minorities and rural and low socioeconomic status populations). From February 2021 to June 2022, SCALE-UP Utah used text messaging interventions to reach 107 846 patients from 28 clinics within seven safety-net health care systems. Interventions provided informational and motivational messaging regarding COVID-19 testing and vaccination, and were developed using extensive community partner input. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(11):1207–1211. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307770) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present deep-ultraviolet Fourier ptychography (DUV-FP) for high-resolution chemical imaging of biological specimens in their native state without exogenous stains. This approach uses a customized 265-nm DUV LED array for angle-varied illumination, leveraging the unique DUV absorption properties of biomolecules at this wavelength region. We implemented a robust feature-domain optimization framework to overcome common challenges in Fourier ptychographic reconstruction, including vignetting, pupil aberrations, stray light problems, intensity variations, and other systematic errors. By using a 0.12 numerical aperture low-resolution objective lens, our DUV-FP prototype can resolve the 345-nm linewidth on a resolution target, demonstrating at least a four-fold resolution gain compared to the captured raw images. Testing on various biospecimens demonstrates that DUV-FP significantly enhances absorption-based chemical contrast and reveals detailed structural and molecular information. To further address the limitations of conventional FP in quantitative phase imaging, we developed a spatially coded DUV-FP system. This platform enables true quantitative phase imaging of biospecimens with DUV light, overcoming the non-uniform phase response inherent in traditional microscopy techniques. The demonstrated advancements in high-resolution, label-free chemical imaging may accelerate developments in digital pathology, potentially enabling rapid, on-site analysis of biopsy samples in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The drug delivery through the eye has been challenging due to the complex physiology of the eye. The ocular region is commonly considered the most advantageous site for the topical application of medicines for management of eye disorders. The effectiveness of this approach is commonly impeded by the strong protective mechanisms of eye, leading to restricted access of the drugs. Ocular fungal infections are commonly reported as one of the predominant eye illnesses caused by various fungal species like Fusarium species, Candida glabrata, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Liposomes are biocompatible lipid nanocarriers which have emerged as innovative therapeutic technologies in ophthalmology to overcome ocular obstacles, provide targeted drug delivery along with enhancement of drug's safety margin. This review elucidates about causes of ocular fungal infection, fungal evasion by host immune system, pharmacological profile of drug used for treatment of ocular fungal infections, and challenges of existing formulations in management of ocular infections. This article focused upon the current advancements in domain of topical applications of liposomes of ophthalmic medicines in management of ocular fungal infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opportunistic pathogenic microbial infections pose a significant danger to human health, which forces people to use riskier, more expensive, and less effective drugs compared to traditional treatments. These may be attributed to several factors, such as overusing antibiotics in medicine and lack of sanitization in hospital settings. In this context, researchers are looking for new options to combat this worrying condition and find a solution. Nanoparticles are currently being utilized in the pharmaceutical sector; however, there is a persistent worry regarding their potential danger to human health due to the usage of toxic chemicals, which makes the utilization of nanoparticles highly hazardous to eukaryotic cells. Multiple nanoparticle-based techniques are now being developed, offering essential understanding regarding the synthesis of components that play a crucial role in producing anti-microbial nanotherapeutic pharmaceuticals. In this regard, green nanoparticles are considered less hazardous than other forms, providing potential options for avoiding the extensive harm to the human microbiome that is prevalent with existing procedures. This review article aims to comprehensively assess the current state of knowledge on green nanoparticles related to antibiotic activity as well as their potential to assist antibiotics in treating opportunistic clinical phytopathogenic illnesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reviews recent advancements in X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, focusing on improvements in 3D chemical imaging and the development of specialized instruments. Topics include the progress in XRF spectrometry computed tomography, advancements in confocal XRF techniques, and the expanding applications of these methods in material science and cultural heritage.

Fungal endophthalmitis is a rare but serious infection. In March 2012, several cases of probable and laboratory-confirmed fungal endophthalmitis occurring after invasive ocular procedures were reported nationwide. We identified 47 cases in 9 states: 21 patients had been exposed to the intraocular dye Brilliant Blue G (BBG) during retinal surgery, and the other 26 had received an intravitreal injection containing triamcinolone acetonide. Both drugs were produced by Franck's Compounding Lab (Ocala, FL, USA). Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex mold was identified in specimens from BBG-exposed case-patients and an unopened BBG vial. Bipolaris hawaiiensis mold was identified in specimens from triamcinolone-exposed case-patients. Exposure to either product was the only factor associated with case status. Of 40 case-patients for whom data were available, 39 (98%) lost vision. These concurrent outbreaks, associated with 1 compounding pharmacy, resulted in a product recall. Ensuring safety and integrity of compounded medications is critical for preventing further outbreaks associated with compounded products.

Copyright of En-Claves del Pensamiento Journal is the property of Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas is the property of Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Echocardiography can be used to screen, confirm, and assist in the management of some cardiovascular diseases in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH). Thus, complications from subclinical cardiovascular conditions or more apparent conditions, such as massive pericardial effusion with tamponade, can be promptly identified and managed to minimize cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection. Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Ghana approximately two decades ago, studies on the prevalence and patterns of echocardiographic abnormalities among PLWH on ART have been limited. This study was designed to assess the prevalence and patterns of echocardiographic abnormalities among PLWH on ART. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. PLWH on ART (cases) attending the HIV clinic at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) and HIV-negative blood donors (controls) were consecutively recruited and enrolled in this study. The interviews were performed via a standardized questionnaire. After a clinical examination was performed, all patients underwent two-dimensional (2D) and Doppler transthoracic echocardiograms. The prevalence and patterns of echocardiographic abnormalities were characterized. Results: There were 117 patients in each arm of the study. There were more females than males among both the cases (92 (78.6%) and controls (80 (68.4%)); however, the sex distribution was similar between the two groups (p = 0.075). For clinical characteristics such as age, weight, height and blood pressure, there were no statistically significant differences between the cases and controls. Echocardiographic abnormalities were more frequently observed and demonstrated a statistically significant difference between cases and controls, with an overall prevalence of 35.0% among cases and 19.7% among controls (p = 0.008). The echocardiographic abnormalities that demonstrated significant differences between the cases and controls were left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction (28.2% versus 8.6%; p = 0.000) and LV hypertrophy (7% versus 0.9%; p = 0.017). Conclusion: Nearly 1 in 3 PLWH on ART had an echocardiographic abnormality in this Ghanaian study. Echocardiograms are recommended as helpful screening modalities for diagnosing cardiac abnormalities among PLWH on ART. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How do we capture the breadth of behavior in animal movement, from rapid body twitches to aging? Using high-resolution videos of the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, we show that a single dynamics connects posture-scale fluctuations with trajectory diffusion and longer-lived behavioral states. We take short posture sequences as an instantaneous behavioral measure, fixing the sequence length for maximal prediction. Within the space of posture sequences, we construct a fine-scale, maximum entropy partition so that transitions among microstates define a high-fidelity Markov model, which we also use as a means of principled coarse-graining. We translate these dynamics into movement using resistive force theory, capturing the statistical properties of foraging trajectories. Predictive across scales, we leverage the longest-lived eigenvectors of the inferred Markov chain to perform a top-down subdivision of the worm's foraging behavior, revealing both "runs-and-pirouettes" as well as previously uncharacterized finer-scale behaviors. We use our model to investigate the relevance of these fine-scale behaviors for foraging success, recovering a trade-off between local and global search strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The colon is the largest compartment of the immune system, with innate immune cells exposed to antigens in the environment. However, the mechanisms by which the innate immune system is instigated are poorly defined in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, a population of CD16+ neutrophils that specifically accumulate in CRC tumor tissues by imaging mass cytometry (IMC), immune fluorescence, and flow cytometry, which demonstrated pro‐tumor activity by disturbing natural killer (NK) cells are identified. It is found that these CD16+ neutrophils possess abnormal cholesterol accumulation due to activation of the CD16/TAK1/NF‐κB axis, which upregulates scavenger receptors for cholesterol intake including CD36 and LRP1. Consequently, these region‐specific CD16+ neutrophils not only competitively inhibit cholesterol intake of NK cells, which interrupts NK lipid raft formation and blocks their antitumor signaling but also release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to induce the death of NK cells. Furthermore, CD16‐knockout reverses the pro‐tumor activity of neutrophils and restored NK cell cytotoxicity. Collectively, the findings suggest that CRC region‐specific CD16+ neutrophils can be a diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target for CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During tissue regeneration, proliferation, dedifferentiation and reprogramming are necessary to restore lost structures. However, it is not fully understood how metabolism intersects with these processes. Chicken embryos can regenerate their retina through retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) reprogramming when treated with fibroblast factor 2 (FGF2). Using transcriptome profiling, we uncovered extensive regulation of gene sets pertaining to proliferation, neurogenesis and glycolysis throughout RPE-to-neural retina reprogramming. By manipulating cell media composition, we determined that glucose, glutamine or pyruvate are individually sufficient to support RPE reprogramming, identifying glycolysis as a requisite. Conversely, the activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase by inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases, induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, while simultaneously blocking the activation of neural retina fate. We also identified that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition fate is partially driven by an oxidative environment. Our findings provide evidence that metabolism controls RPE cell fate decisions and provide insights into the metabolic state of RPE cells, which are prone to fate changes in regeneration and pathologies, such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Entramado is the property of Universidad Libre Seccional Cali and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Electrónico de Estudios en Comunicación Social 'Disertaciones' is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Solid‐state lithium batteries (SSLBs) with high safety have emerged to meet the increasing energy density demands of electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and portable electronic devices. However, the dendrite formation, high interfacial resistance, and deleterious interfacial reactions caused by solid–solid contact between electrode and electrolyte have hindered the commercialization of SSLBs. Thus, in this review, the state‐of‐the‐art developments in the rational design of solid‐state electrolyte and their progression toward practical applications are reviewed. First, the origin of interface instability and the sluggish charge carrier transportation in solid–solid interface are presented. Second, various strategies toward stabilizing interfacial stability (reducing interfacial resistance, suppressing lithium dendrites, and side reactions) are summarized from the physical and chemical perspective, including building protective layer, constructing 3D and gradient structures, etc. Finally, the remaining challenges and future development trends of solid‐state electrolyte are prospected. This review provides a deep insight into solving the interfacial instability issues and promising solutions to enable practical high‐energy‐density lithium metal batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple, sensitive, and accurate molecular diagnostics are critical for preventing rapid spread of infection and initiating early treatment of diseases. However, current molecular detection methods typically rely on extensive nucleic acid sample preparation and expensive instrumentation. Here, a simple, fully integrated, lab‐in‐a‐magnetofluidic tube (LIAMT) platform is presented for "sample‐to‐result" molecular detection of virus. By leveraging magnetofluidic transport of micro/nano magnetic beads, the LIAMT device integrates viral lysis, nucleic acid extraction, isothermal amplification, and CRISPR detection within a single engineered microcentrifuge tube. To enable point‐of‐care molecular diagnostics, a palm‐sized processor is developed for magnetofluidic separation, nucleic acid amplification, and visual fluorescence detection. The LIAMT platform is applied to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 and HIV viruses, achieving a detection sensitivity of 73.4 and 63.9 copies µL−1, respectively. Its clinical utility is further demonstrated by detecting SARS‐CoV‐2 and HIV in clinical samples. This simple, affordable, and portable LIAMT platform holds promise for rapid and sensitive molecular diagnostics of infectious diseases at the point‐of‐care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Botanica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Estudiantil AGRO - VET is the property of Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on hallucination severity and neurocognition were studied in 9 medication-resistant hallucinating patients. A statistically significant improvement was observed on a hallucination scale after 10 days of TMS at the left auditory cortex.

A residents' morning report, adapted from the traditional internal medicine model, was introduced into a psychiatry residency curriculum to supplement bedside teaching for junior residents during inpatient service rotations by focusing on case presentations, clinical reasoning, and evidence-based decision-making skills. This paper describes the design of the report and findings from surveys of residents who participated in the report over a 3-year period. The surveys demonstrate high levels of satisfaction with the exercise and offer insight into factors that may optimize or impede learning in the morning report setting in psychiatry.

The article features a research on homework. McGill conducted a study to find out the effects of homework on achievement in social studies abilities and achievement in economics and American history and government. He designated 16 classes at John Adams High School in New York City as either experimental or control groups. In the first term, the homework classes had higher mean scores on the Cooperative American History Test but for the second term, the non-homework group had higher mean scores.

Relationships between activities of delta-aminolevulinate synthase and heme oxygenase, respectively the rate-limiting enzymes of heme biosynthesis and degradation, have been studied in chick embryo liver cell cultures following exposure of the cultures to glutethimide and iron, a combination known to produce a synergistic induction of both enzymes. In time-course experiments, synergistic induction of heme oxygenase activity by glutethimide and iron preceded that of delta-aminolevulinate synthase by 4 h. Effects of selective inhibitors of both heme synthesis and degradation have also been studied with respect to effects on delta-aminolevulinate synthase and heme oxygenase activities. The synergistic induction of heme oxygenase by glutethimide and iron appears to be dependent upon cellular heme synthesis because addition of inhibitors of heme biosynthesis, 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid or N-methyl-mesoporphyrin abolishes this synergistic induction. Exposure of cultures to tin-mesoporphyrin, a potent inhibitor of heme oxygenase, prevented the synergistic induction of delta-aminolevulinate synthase produced by glutethimide and iron, or, when added after induction was already established, promptly halted any further induction. These results suggest that the level of activity of heme oxygenase can reciprocally modulate intracellular heme levels and thus activity of delta-aminolevulinate synthase.

Background: Pantoea agglomerans (P. agglomerans) is an environmental gram-negative bacterium that rarely infects humans. P. agglomerans infections have never been reported in Tanzania. We investigated the occurrence of P. agglomerans bloodstream infections among neonates in the Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and their subsequent clinical outcome that occurred in 2019. Methodology: Blood samples were collected from neonates with sepsis. A total of 19 P. agglomerans were isolated from 17 infected neonates; two of the neonates had P. agglomerans isolated twice. A total of 14 patient files were retrieved from medical records. Results: The mean age of the infected neonates were 3.75 ± 7.95 days. Isolated P. agglomerans showed high sensitivity to the antibiotics particularly chloramphenicol (94.7%), piperacillin-tazobactam (94.7%) and meropenem (94.7%). The mortality rate was 71.4% with 35.7% of infected neonates dying before Antibiotic Susceptibility Test results for appropriate management. The Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) team shut the NICU for thorough decontamination which helped to stop the P. agglomerans occurrence. Conclusions: P. agglomerans occurrence at the NICU was an uncommon aetiology pathogen for neonatal sepsis associated with high rates of mortality despite high sensitivity to multiple antibiotics. This calls for the strengthening of infection control measures and introduction of surveillance for environmental pathogens capable of causing human infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)