607 results on '"Giudetti, A"'
Search Results
52. Nutritional Status and Cancer: Early Detection of Malnutrition and Sarcopenia in Elderly Patients at High Risk for Cachexia by Using a Multi-Score Protocol
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Vincenzo Guarini, Ina Valeria Zurlo, Anna Maria Giudetti, Chiara Leo, Stefania Leone, Prisco Piscitelli, Valeria Saracino, and Silvana Leo
- Abstract
Background Elderly cancer patients are at higher risk of developing cachexia and adverse events due to antineoplastic treatments. Comprehensive Geriatric assessment (CGA) is used to evaluate the health status of elderly to identify impairments/frailty and better assess the risk/benefit ratio of therapeutic decisions. Malnutrition is an independent risk factor that further influences patients’ outcomes and should be systematically screened at hospital admission. The G8 screening tool allows to identify patients who might benefit from CGA and could help clinicians to evaluate nutritional and health status in elderly cancer patients. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) are other standardized nutritional screening tests too. The aim of the study was to demonstrate that the use of a single tool is not enough to assay the real nutritional status of cancer patients. Methods The study involved 533 patients (282 men and 251 women) affected by solid tumor and aged ≥ 70 years old. Patients underwent CGA and MNA to quantify the risk of frailty and malnutrition. Anthropometric assessments, serum levels of albumin, the activities of daily living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), as well as the rating scale of mental status SPMSQ (Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire), were also performed. Results. Less than the half of patients had a G8 score and MNA that excluded malnutrition, whereas the most enrolled patients were at high risk for frailty and malnutrition. Anthropometric parameters and serum albumin levels alone were not able to detect malnutrition in all patients, while the association of GNRI with G8, MNA, and CGA scores allowed to specifically determine health risk in 95% of malnourished patients. Conclusions. The malnutrition risk could not be assessed by using a single score. The association of multiple information is required to define malnutrition’s risk among elderly people.
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- 2023
53. NEST Project. Focus on Milanese polytechnic design culture in Argentina since 2nd Postwar
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Iarossi, M. P., Santacroce, C., Ciarcià, F., Marino, F., and Giudetti, F.
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designers archives ,Intellectual migrations ,Politecnico di Milano ,migrazioni intellettuali ,Argentina ,20th century architecture ,Argentina, Intellectual migrations, Politecnico di Milano, 20th century architecture, designers archives ,architettura XX secolo ,Archivi progettisti ,Argentina, migrazioni intellettuali, Politecnico di Milano, architettura XX secolo, Archivi progettisti - Published
- 2023
54. New Insights into Inflammatory Bowel Diseases from Proteomic and Lipidomic Studies
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Serena Longo, Marcello Chieppa, Luca G. Cossa, Chiara C. Spinelli, Marco Greco, Michele Maffia, and Anna M. Giudetti
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Crohn’s disease ,lipidomics ,markers ,proteomics ,ulcerative colitis ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) represent the two main forms of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The exact IBD etiology is not yet revealed but CD and UC are likely induced by an excessive immune response against normal constituents of the intestinal microbial flora. IBD diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms often combined with invasive and costly procedures. Thus, the need for more non-invasive markers is urgent. Several routine laboratory investigations have been explored as indicators of intestinal inflammation in IBD, including blood testing for C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and specific antibodies, in addition to stool testing for calprotectin and lactoferrin. However, none has been universally adopted, some have been well-characterized, and others hold great promise. In recent years, the technological developments within the field of mass spectrometry (MS) and bioinformatics have greatly enhanced the ability to retrieve, characterize, and analyze large amounts of data. High-throughput research allowed enhancing the understanding of the biology of IBD permitting a more accurate biomarker discovery than ever before. In this review, we summarize currently used IBD serological and stool biomarkers and how proteomics and lipidomics are contributing to the identification of IBD biomarkers.
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- 2020
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55. Carnitine in Human Muscle Bioenergetics: Can Carnitine Supplementation Improve Physical Exercise?
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Antonio Gnoni, Serena Longo, Gabriele V. Gnoni, and Anna M. Giudetti
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l-carnitine ,fatty acid oxidation ,muscle energetics ,physical exercise ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
l-Carnitine is an amino acid derivative widely known for its involvement in the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix, where fatty acid oxidation occurs. Moreover, l-Carnitine protects the cell from acyl-CoA accretion through the generation of acylcarnitines. Circulating carnitine is mainly supplied by animal-based food products and to a lesser extent by endogenous biosynthesis in the liver and kidney. Human muscle contains high amounts of carnitine but it depends on the uptake of this compound from the bloodstream, due to muscle inability to synthesize carnitine. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation represents an important energy source for muscle metabolism particularly during physical exercise. However, especially during high-intensity exercise, this process seems to be limited by the mitochondrial availability of free l-carnitine. Hence, fatty acid oxidation rapidly declines, increasing exercise intensity from moderate to high. Considering the important role of fatty acids in muscle bioenergetics, and the limiting effect of free carnitine in fatty acid oxidation during endurance exercise, l-carnitine supplementation has been hypothesized to improve exercise performance. So far, the question of the role of l-carnitine supplementation on muscle performance has not definitively been clarified. Differences in exercise intensity, training or conditioning of the subjects, amount of l-carnitine administered, route and timing of administration relative to the exercise led to different experimental results. In this review, we will describe the role of l-carnitine in muscle energetics and the main causes that led to conflicting data on the use of l-carnitine as a supplement.
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- 2020
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56. NGF-loaded PLGA microparticles for advanced multifunctional regenerative electrodes.
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Guido Giudetti, Jaume del Valle Macia, Xavier Navarro Acebes, and Silvestro Micera
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- 2014
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57. Modulatory effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of right insula on compassion motivation
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Maria Di Bello, Federica Giudetti, Sowmya Palani, Nicola Petrocchi, Roger McIntosh, and Cristina Ottaviani
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Clinical Psychology - Abstract
Compassion motivation is associated with increased heart rate variability (HRV), reflecting a calm and self-soothing physiological state. Recent work, however, suggests that this association is dynamic for the specific components of compassion.The present study adopted anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the right insula to see whether this would modulate the sensitivity to suffering and the commitment to engage in helpful actions (i.e., the components of compassion motivation).Ninety-seven healthy individuals underwent 15-min anodal or sham tDCS over the frontotemporal lobe, while watching a video inducing empathic sensitivity and performing a Redistribution Game. Tonic and phasic HRV, dispositional traits, and momentary affects were assessed.Compared to sham condition, anodal stimulation favored significant i) HRV reductions during the video and HRV increases during the Redistribution Game; ii) decreases in self-reported levels of negative affect and increases in positive affect during task when the latter was preceded by the video, without influencing altruistic behavior.Anodal tDCS over the right insula may modulate the engagement phase of compassion by intensifying the psychophysiological sensitivity to signals of distress and protecting from being subjectively overwhelmed by it.
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- 2022
58. High IGG4 serum levels in graves' disease compared with nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism
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Simone Comi, Giulia Lanzolla, Matilde Giudetti, Francesca Menconi, Claudio Marcocci, and Michele Marino
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- 2022
59. Origin of Magnetic Anisotropy in Nickelocene Molecular Magnet and Resilience of its Magnetic Behavior
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Maristella Alessio, Saikiran Kotaru, Goran Giudetti, and Anna I. Krylov
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General Energy ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Abstract
Robustness of nickelocene’s (NiCp2, Cp = cyclopentadienyl) magnetic anisotropy and addressability of its spin states make this molecular magnet attractive as a spin sensor. However, microscopic understanding of its magnetic anisotropy is still lacking, especially when NiCp2 is deposited on a surface to make quantum sensing devices. Quantum chemical calculations of such molecule/solid-state systems are limited to density functional theory (DFT) or DFT+U (Hubbard correction to DFT). We investigate the magnetic behavior of NiCp2 using the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster (EOM-CC) framework. Our first-principle calculations agree well with experimentally derived magnetic anisotropy and susceptibility values. The calculations show that magnetic anisotropy in NiCp2 originates from a large spin-orbit coupling (SOC) between the triplet ground state and the third singlet state, whereas the coupling with lower singlet excited states is negligible. We also considered a set of six ring-substituted NiCp2 derivatives and a model system of the NiCp2/MgO(001) adsorption complex. To gain insight into the electronic structure of these systems, we analyze spinless transition density matrices and their natural transition orbitals (NTOs). The NTO analysis of SOCs explains how spin states and magnetic properties are retained upon modification of the NiCp2 coordination environment and upon its adsorption on a surface. Such resilience of the NiCp2 magnetic behavior supports using NiCp2 as a spin-probe molecule by functionalization of the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope.
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- 2022
60. QM/MM Simulations of the Covalent Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Four Compounds and Three Reaction Mechanisms
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Bella L. Grigorenko, Igor V. Polyakov, Goran Giudetti, Shirin Faraji, Anna I. Krylov, and Alexander V. Nemukhin
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The search for efficient inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 enzymes remains important due to the continuing COVID-19 pandemic. We report the results of computational modeling of the reactions of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (MPro) with four potential covalent inhibitors. Two of them, carmofur and nirmatrelvir, have been shown experimentally the ability to inhibit MPro. Two other compounds, X77A and X77C, were designed computationally in this work, derived from the structure of X77, a non-covalent inhibitor forming a tight surface complex with MPro. We modified the X77 structure by introducing warheads capable of efficient chemical reactions with the catalytic cysteine residue in the MPro active site. The reactions of the four molecules with MPro were investigated by quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations. According to calculations, the reactions for all four compounds are exothermic, with sufficiently low barriers, suggesting efficient inhibition of the enzyme. From the chemical perspective, the four compounds react with MPro following three distinct mechanisms. In all cases, the reaction is initiated by a nucleophilic attack of the thiolate group of the deprotonated cysteine residue from the catalytic dyad Cys145-His41 of MPro. In the case of carmofur and X77A, the covalent binding of the thiolate to the ligand involves the formation of the fluoro-uracil leaving group. The reaction with X77C follows the nucleophilic aromatic substitution SNAr mechanism. The reaction of MPro with nirmatrelvir, which has a reactive nitrile group, leads to the formation of the covalent thioimidate adduct with the thiolate of the Cys145 residue in the enzyme active site.
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- 2022
61. High IGG4 serum levels in graves' disease compared with nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism
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Comi, Simone, primary, Lanzolla, Giulia, additional, Giudetti, Matilde, additional, Menconi, Francesca, additional, Marcocci, Claudio, additional, and Marino, Michele, additional
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- 2022
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62. Androgen receptor in breast cancer: The “5W” questions
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Ravaioli, Sara, primary, Maltoni, Roberta, additional, Pasculli, Barbara, additional, Parrella, Paola, additional, Giudetti, Anna Maria, additional, Vergara, Daniele, additional, Tumedei, Maria Maddalena, additional, Pirini, Francesca, additional, and Bravaccini, Sara, additional
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- 2022
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63. Anti-nuclear autoantibodies in Graves’ disease and Graves’ orbitopathy
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Lanzolla, G., primary, Puccinelli, L., additional, Giudetti, M., additional, Comi, S., additional, Menconi, F., additional, Maglionico, M. N., additional, Posarelli, C., additional, Figus, M., additional, Marcocci, C., additional, and Marinò, M., additional
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- 2022
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64. Origin of Magnetic Anisotropy in Nickelocene Molecular Magnet and Resilience of its Magnetic Behavior
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Alessio, Maristella, primary, Kotaru, Saikiran, additional, Giudetti, Goran, additional, and Krylov, Anna I., additional
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- 2022
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65. QM/MM Simulations of the Covalent Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Four Compounds and Three Reaction Mechanisms
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Grigorenko, Bella L., primary, Polyakov, Igor V., additional, Giudetti, Goran, additional, Faraji, Shirin, additional, Krylov, Anna I., additional, and Nemukhin, Alexander V., additional
- Published
- 2022
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66. Brief daily access to cafeteria‐style diet impairs hepatic metabolism even in the absence of excessive body weight gain in rats
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Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Serena Longo, Adele Romano, Marzia Friuli, Anna Maria Giudetti, Carlo Cifani, Silvana Gaetani, Emanuela Micioni Di Bonaventura, Alessandra Ferramosca, Giudetti, Anna Maria, Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Maria, Ferramosca, Alessandra, Longo, Serena, Micioni Di Bonaventura, Emanuela, Friuli, Marzia, Gaetani, Silvana, and Cifani, Carlo
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,obesity ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Calorie ,Diet, High-Fat ,Weight Gain ,Biochemistry ,body weight ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,cafeteria diet ,Internal medicine ,body weight, cafeteria diet, de novo lipogenesis, insulin signaling, obesity ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Rats, Wistar ,insulin signaling ,Molecular Biology ,Beta oxidation ,de novo lipogenesis ,Fatty acid synthesis ,biology ,business.industry ,Cholesterol ,Lipogenesis ,Metabolism ,medicine.disease ,Lipids ,Obesity ,Rats ,Fatty acid synthase ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Liver ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Energy Intake ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Numerous nutritional approaches aimed at reducing body weight have been devel- oped as a strategy to reduce obesity. Most of these interventions rely on reducing caloric intake or limiting calories access to a few hours per day. In this work, we analyzed the effects of the extended (24 hours/day) or restricted (1 hour/day) access to a cafeteria-style (CAF) diet, on rat body weight and hepatic lipid metabolism, with respect to control rats (CTR) fed with a standard chow diet. The body weight gain of restricted-fed rats was not different from CTR, despite the slightly higher total caloric intake, but resulted significantly lower than extended-fed rats, which showed a CAF diet-induced obesity and a dramatically higher total caloric intake. However, both CAF-fed groups of rats showed, compared to CTR, unhealthy serum and hepatic parameters such as higher serum glucose level, lower HDL values, and increased hepatic triacylglycerol and cholesterol amount. The hepatic expression and activity of key enzymes of fatty acid synthesis, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FAS), was similarly reduced in both CAF-fed groups of rats with respect to CTR. Anyway, while in extended-fed rats this reduction was associ- ated to a long-term mechanism involving sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), in restricted-fed animals a short-term mechanism based on PKA and AMPK activation occurred in the liver. Furthermore, hepatic fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and oxidative stress resulted significantly increased in extended, but not in restricted-fed rats, as compared to CTR. Overall, these results demonstrate that al- though limiting the total caloric intake might successfully fight obesity development, the nutritional content of the diet is the major determinant for the health status.
- Published
- 2020
67. An aqueous olive leaf extract (OLE) ameliorates parameters of oxidative stress associated with lipid accumulation and induces lipophagy in human hepatic cells.
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S., Tacconi, S., Longo, F., Guerra, C., Moliteni, M., Friuli, A., Romano, S., Gaetani, V. M., Paradiso, G., Difonzo, F., Caponio, D., Lofrumento, D., vergara, C., Bucci, L., Dini, and A. M., Giudetti
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- 2023
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68. β-Catenin Knockdown Affects Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Lipid Metabolism in Breast Cancer Cells
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Daniele Vergara, Eleonora Stanca, Flora Guerra, Paola Priore, Antonio Gaballo, Julien Franck, Pasquale Simeone, Marco Trerotola, Stefania De Domenico, Isabelle Fournier, Cecilia Bucci, Michel Salzet, Anna M. Giudetti, and Michele Maffia
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β-catenin ,proteomics ,LC-MS/MS ,mitochondria ,lipid metabolism ,MYC ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
β-catenin plays an important role as regulatory hub in several cellular processes including cell adhesion, metabolism, and epithelial mesenchymal transition. This is mainly achieved by its dual role as structural component of cadherin-based adherens junctions, and as a key nuclear effector of the Wnt pathway. For this dual role, different classes of proteins are differentially regulated via β-catenin dependent mechanisms. Here, we applied a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach to identify proteins modulated after β-catenin knockdown in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. We used a label free analysis to compare trypsin-digested proteins from CTR (shCTR) and β-catenin knockout cells (shβcat). This led to the identification of 98 differentially expressed proteins, 53 of them were up-regulated and 45 down-regulated. Loss of β-catenin induced morphological changes and a significant modulation of the expression levels of proteins associated with primary metabolic processes. In detail, proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle were found to be down-regulated, whereas proteins associated to lipid metabolism were found up-regulated in shβcat compared to shCTR. A loss of mitochondrial mass and membrane potential was also assessed by fluorescent probes in shβcat cells with respect to the controls. These data are consistent with the reduced expression of transcriptional factors regulating mitochondrial biogenesis detected in shβcat cells. β-catenin driven metabolic reprogramming resulted also in a significant modulation of lipogenic enzyme expression and activity. Compared to controls, β-catenin knockout cells showed increased incorporation of [1-14C]acetate and decreased utilization of [U-14C]glucose for fatty acid synthesis. Our data highlight a role of β-catenin in the regulation of metabolism and energy homeostasis in breast cancer cells.
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- 2017
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69. Dietary long-chain unsaturated fatty acids acutely and differently reduce the activities of lipogenic enzymes and of citrate carrier in rat liver
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Gnoni, Antonio and Giudetti, Anna M.
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- 2016
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70. Effects of a diet based on foods from symbiotic agriculture on the gut microbiota of subjects at risk for metabolic syndrome
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Monica Ferraroni, Nicoletta Pellegrini, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi, Elisabetta Petracci, Claudia Rengucci, Giusto Giovannetti, Simone Rampelli, Marcella Tazzari, Debora Guerra, Patrizia Serra, Valeria Edefonti, Lisa Paganelli, Anna Maria Giudetti, Silvia Turroni, Jenny Bulgarelli, Oriana Nanni, Laura Del Coco, Federica D’Amico, Turroni, S., Petracci, E., Edefonti, V., Giudetti, A. M., D'Amico, F., Paganelli, L., Giovannetti, G., Del Coco, L., Fanizzi, F. P., Rampelli, S., Guerra, D., Rengucci, C., Bulgarelli, J., Tazzari, M., Pellegrini, N., Ferraroni, M., Nanni, O., Serra, P., Turroni, Silvia, Petracci, Elisabetta, Edefonti, Valeria, Giudetti, Anna M., D’Amico, Federica, Paganelli, Lisa, Giovannetti, Giusto, Del Coco, Laura, Fanizzi, Francesco P., Rampelli, Simone, Guerra, Debora, Rengucci, Claudia, Bulgarelli, Jenny, Tazzari, Marcella, Pellegrini, Nicoletta, Ferraroni, Monica, Nanni, Oriana, and Serra, Patrizia
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Physiology ,Pilot Projects ,Urine ,Gut flora ,Coriobacteriaceae ,Probiotic ,Feces ,0302 clinical medicine ,TX341-641 ,Metabolic Syndrome ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biology ,Metabolic dysfunction ,Symbiotic agriculture ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,pilot study ,Agriculture ,Middle Aged ,Italy ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Metabolome ,metabolome ,Female ,dietary pattern ,Diet, Healthy ,Human ,Adult ,Adolescent ,dietary patterns ,Dietary pattern ,Gut microbiota ,Article ,metabolic syndrome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,dietary intervention ,medicine ,adult volunteers ,Humans ,Pilot Project ,Adult volunteers ,Dietary intervention ,Dietary patterns ,Metabolic syndrome ,Pilot study ,Aged ,metabolic dysfunction ,gut microbiota ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Probiotics ,adult volunteer ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,030104 developmental biology ,Fece ,symbiotic agriculture ,Adult volunteer ,Food Science - Abstract
Diet is a major driver of gut microbiota variation and plays a role in metabolic disorders, including metabolic syndrome (MS). Mycorrhized foods from symbiotic agriculture (SA) exhibit improved nutritional properties, but potential benefits have never been investigated in humans. We conducted a pilot interventional study on 60 adults with ≥ 1 risk factors for MS, of whom 33 consumed SA-derived fresh foods and 27 received probiotics over 30 days, with a 15-day follow-up. Stool, urine and blood were collected over time to explore changes in gut microbiota, metabolome, and biochemical, inflammatory and immunologic parameters, previous dietary habits were investigated through a validated food-frequency questionnaire. The baseline microbiota showed alterations typical of metabolic disorders, mainly an increase in Coriobacteriaceae and a decrease in health-associated taxa, which were partly reversed after the SA-based diet. Improvements were observed in metabolome, MS presence (two out of six subjects no longer had MS) or components. Changes were more pronounced with less healthy baseline diets. Probiotics had a marginal, not entirely favorable, effect, although one out of three subjects no longer suffered from MS. These findings suggest that improved dietary patterns can modulate the host microbiota and metabolome, counteracting the risk of developing MS.
- Published
- 2021
71. How Reproducible Are QM/MM Simulations? Lessons from Computational Studies of the Covalent Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Carmofur
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Giudetti, Goran, primary, Polyakov, Igor, additional, Grigorenko, Bella L., additional, Faraji, Shirin, additional, Nemukhin, Alexander V., additional, and Krylov, Anna I., additional
- Published
- 2022
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72. Neural correlates of antisocial behavior: the victim’s perspective
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Trevisan, Nicolò, primary, Cattarinussi, Giulia, additional, Olivo, Daniele, additional, Di Ciano, Andrea, additional, Pampallona, Alan, additional, Quarta, Lucia Giudetti, additional, Kubera, Katharina, additional, Hirjak, Dusan, additional, Wolf, Robert Christian, additional, and Sambataro, Fabio, additional
- Published
- 2022
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73. How Reproducible are QM/MM Simulations? Lessons from Computational Studies of the Covalent Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Carmofur
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Goran Giudetti, Igor Polyakov, Bella L. Grigorenko, Shirin Faraji, Alexander V. Nemukhin, Anna I. Krylov, and Theoretical Chemistry
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SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Humans ,Quantum Theory ,Reproducibility of Results ,Fluorouracil ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Coronavirus 3C Proteases ,Computer Science Applications - Abstract
This work explores the level of transparency in reporting the details of computational protocols that is required for practical reproducibility of quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) simulations. Using the reaction of an essential SARS-CoV-2 enzyme (the main protease) with a covalent inhibitor (carmofur) as a test case of chemical reactions in biomolecules, we carried out QM/MM calculations to determine the structures and energies of the reactants, the product, and the transition state/intermediate using analogous QM/MM models implemented in two software packages, NWChem and Q-Chem. Our main benchmarking goal was to reproduce the key energetics computed with the two packages. Our results indicate that quantitative agreement (within the numerical thresholds used in calculations) is difficult to achieve. We show that rather minor details of QM/MM simulations must be reported in order to ensure the reproducibility of the results and offer suggestions toward developing practical guidelines for reporting the results of biosimulations.
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- 2022
74. Amorphous silica nanoparticles do not induce cytotoxicity, cell transformation or genotoxicity in Balb/3T3 mouse fibroblasts
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Uboldi, Chiara, Giudetti, Guido, Broggi, Francesca, Gilliland, Douglas, Ponti, Jessica, and Rossi, François
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- 2012
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75. Editorial: Lipid Orchestrated Signaling in Physiology and Pathology
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Giudetti, Anna Maria, primary, Simeone, Pasquale, additional, Del Boccio, Piero, additional, and Vergara, Daniele, additional
- Published
- 2022
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76. Modulation of the Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation by Endocannabinoids and Their Lipid Analogues
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Cristina Anna Gallelli, Silvio Calcagnini, Adele Romano, Justyna Barbara Koczwara, Marialuisa de Ceglia, Donatella Dante, Rosanna Villani, Anna Maria Giudetti, Tommaso Cassano, and Silvana Gaetani
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oxidative stress ,lipid peroxidation ,reactive aldehydes ,reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ,free radicals ,endocannabinoids ,cannabinoid receptors ,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ,transient receptor potential vanilloid ,G protein-coupled receptors ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Growing evidence supports the pivotal role played by oxidative stress in tissue injury development, thus resulting in several pathologies including cardiovascular, renal, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders, all characterized by an altered oxidative status. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and lipid peroxidation-derived reactive aldehydes including acrolein, malondialdehyde, and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, among others, are the main responsible for cellular and tissue damages occurring in redox-dependent processes. In this scenario, a link between the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and redox homeostasis impairment appears to be crucial. Anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, the best characterized endocannabinoids, are able to modulate the activity of several antioxidant enzymes through targeting the cannabinoid receptors type 1 and 2 as well as additional receptors such as the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, and the orphan G protein-coupled receptors 18 and 55. Moreover, the endocannabinoids lipid analogues N-acylethanolamines showed to protect cell damage and death from reactive aldehydes-induced oxidative stress by restoring the intracellular oxidants-antioxidants balance. In this review, we will provide a better understanding of the main mechanisms triggered by the cross-talk between the oxidative stress and the ECS, focusing also on the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants as scavengers of reactive aldehydes and their toxic bioactive adducts.
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- 2018
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77. Neuroprotective Investigation of Chitosan Nanoparticles for Dopamine Delivery
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Andrea Ragusa, Paola Priore, Anna Maria Giudetti, Giuseppe Ciccarella, and Antonio Gaballo
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chitosan ,nanoparticle ,dopamine ,drug release ,reactive oxygen species ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) have been widely exploited for the delivery of various types of drugs due to their biocompatibility, availability, ease of functionalization and other advantages. Nevertheless, despite their wide use, their mechanism of action is not very clear and many aspects still need to be investigated in detail, with only a few studies having studied the behavior of this polymer. We prepared CS NPs encapsulating dopamine (DA) and studied the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant effect of the neurotransmitter in detail. Encapsulation of the drug and its subsequent sustained release significantly reduced the oxidation rate in vitro, thus potentially exerting neuroprotective effects. ROS production in SH-SY5Y cells was investigated through a H2O2 assay, while a deeper study of the enzymatic activity allowed us to determine the significant contribution of both GPx and SOD enzymes in preventing oxidative stress.
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- 2018
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78. Mitochondrial oxidative stress and respiratory chain dysfunction account for liver toxicity during amiodarone but not dronedarone administration
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Serviddio, Gaetano, Bellanti, Francesco, Giudetti, Anna Maria, Gnoni, Gabriele Vincenzo, Capitanio, Nazzareno, Tamborra, Rosanna, Romano, Antonino Davide, Quinto, Maurizio, Blonda, Maria, Vendemiale, Gianluigi, and Altomare, Emanuele
- Published
- 2011
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79. Expanding Roles of De Novo Lipogenesis in Breast Cancer
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Pasquale Simeone, Anna Maria Giudetti, Stefano Tacconi, Sara Ravaioli, Sara Bravaccini, Francesca Pirini, Paola Lanuti, Luciana Dini, Serena Longo, Simeone, Pasquale, Tacconi, Stefano, Longo, Serena, Lanuti, Paola, Bravaccini, Sara, Pirini, Francesca, Ravaioli, Sara, Dini, Luciana, and Giudetti, Anna M.
- Subjects
Proteomics ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,lcsh:Medicine ,Breast Neoplasms ,Review ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,breast cancer ,Lipid droplet ,medicine ,Humans ,Beta oxidation ,030304 developmental biology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Fatty acid metabolism ,Lipogenesis ,Fatty Acids ,lcsh:R ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Cancer ,Fatty acid ,Lipid metabolism ,Lipid Metabolism ,medicine.disease ,de novo lipogenesis ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,extracellular vesicles ,metabolism - Abstract
In recent years, lipid metabolism has gained greater attention in several diseases including cancer. Dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism is a key component in breast cancer malignant transformation. In particular, de novo lipogenesis provides the substrate required by the proliferating tumor cells to maintain their membrane composition and energetic functions during enhanced growth. However, it appears that not all breast cancer subtypes depend on de novo lipogenesis for fatty acid replenishment. Indeed, while breast cancer luminal subtypes rely on de novo lipogenesis, the basal-like receptor-negative subtype overexpresses genes involved in the utilization of exogenous-derived fatty acids, in the synthesis of triacylglycerols and lipid droplets, and fatty acid oxidation. These metabolic differences are specifically associated with genomic and proteomic changes that can perturb lipogenic enzymes and related pathways. This behavior is further supported by the observation that breast cancer patients can be stratified according to their molecular profiles. Moreover, the discovery that extracellular vesicles act as a vehicle of metabolic enzymes and oncometabolites may provide the opportunity to noninvasively define tumor metabolic signature. Here, we focus on de novo lipogenesis and the specific differences exhibited by breast cancer subtypes and examine the functional contribution of lipogenic enzymes and associated transcription factors in the regulation of tumorigenic processes.
- Published
- 2021
80. Ubiquitin-proteasome system and mitochondrial respiration alterations andoxidative stress induction in human glioblastoma cells: role of the M2 muscarinicreceptors
- Author
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Intriago MSS, Guerriero C, Tacconi S, Giudetti AM, Dallanoce C, Pick E, Rinaldi T, Dini L, Tata AM, Intriago, M, Guerriero, C, Tacconi, S, Giudetti, Am, Dallanoce, C, Pick, E, Rinaldi, T, Dini, L, and Tata, Am
- Published
- 2021
81. Implantable Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Continuous Heart Activity Monitoring: Ex-Vivo and In-Vivo Validation
- Author
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Domenico Camboni, Davide Ferraro, Thomas Schlöglhofer, Fabio Bernini, Guido Giudetti, Calogero Maria Oddo, Giacomo D'Alesio, Jacopo Carpaneto, Valentina Casieri, Vincenzo Lionetti, Domiziana Terlizzi, Leone Costi, Philipp Aigner, Martin Maw, Francesco Moscato, Max Haberbusch, Andrea Aliperta, Silvestro Micera, Ewald Unger, Luca Massari, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Ciro Zinno, Ferraro, D., D'Alesio, G., Camboni, D., Zinno, C., Costi, L., Haberbusch, M., Aigner, P., Maw, M., Schloglhofer, T., Unger, E., Aliperta, A., Bernini, F., Casieri, V., Terlizzi, D., Giudetti, G., Carpaneto, J., Pedrizzetti, G., Micera, S., Lionetti, V., Moscato, F., Massari, L., and Oddo, C. M.
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fiber bragg grating ,Cardiac function curve ,Computer science ,fiber gratings ,heart ,sensors ,doppler ,pressure ,symbols.namesake ,strain ,Fiber Bragg grating ,increase ,Heart rate ,medicine ,heart monitoring ,neural networks ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Instrumentation ,Artificial neural network ,optical fiber sensors ,medicine.disease ,Soft sensor ,monitoring ,Recurrent neural network ,Heart failure ,cardiovascular system ,symbols ,rate-variability ,Doppler effect ,mechanical sensors ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Continuous and reliable cardiac function monitoring could improve medication adherence in patients at risk of heart failure. This work presents an innovative implantable Fiber Bragg Grating-based soft sensor designed to sense mechanical cardiac activity. The sensor was tested in an isolated beating ovine heart platform, with 3 different hearts operated in wide-ranging conditions. In order to investigate the sensor capability to track the ventricular beats in real-time, two causal algorithms were proposed for detecting the beats from sensor data and to discriminate artifacts. The first based on dynamic thresholds while the second is a hybrid convolutional and recurrent Neural Network. An error of 2.7 +/- 0.7 beats per minute was achieved in tracking the heart rate. Finally, we have confirmed the sensor reliability in monitoring the heart activity of healthy adult minipig with an error systematically lower than 1 Bpm.
- Published
- 2021
82. Editorial: Dietary Antioxidants and Metabolic Diseases
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Vergara D, Scoditti E, Aziz AA, Giudetti AM, Vergara, D, Scoditti, E, Aziz, Aa, and Giudetti, Am
- Subjects
oxidative stre ,cardiometabolic disease ,dietary nutrient ,inflammation ,type 2 diabetes - Published
- 2021
83. Oleoylethanolamide reduces hepatic oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in high-fat diet-fed rats
- Author
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Marzia Friuli, Stefano Tacconi, Luciana Dini, Adele Romano, Serena Longo, Marco Fidaleo, Anna Maria Giudetti, Barbara Eramo, Silvana Gaetani, Daniele Vergara, Giudetti, Anna Maria, Vergara, Daniele, Longo, Serena, Friuli, Marzia, Eramo, Barbara, Tacconi, Stefano, Fidaleo, Marco, Dini, Luciana, Romano, Adele, and Gaetani, Silvana
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) ,diet-induced obesity ,Physiology ,Diet-induced obesity ,non-alcoholic fatty liver ,nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 1 (Nrf1) ,Oleoylethanolamide ,oxidative stress ,Clinical Biochemistry ,RM1-950 ,oleoylethanolamide ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Article ,Superoxide dismutase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Molecular Biology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Glutathione peroxidase ,Fatty liver ,Lipid metabolism ,Cell Biology ,Malondialdehyde ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Steatosis ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) consumption can cause weight gain and obesity, two conditions often associated with hepatic non-alcoholic fatty liver and oxidative stress. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a lipid compound produced by the intestine from oleic acid, has been associated with different beneficial effects in diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis. However, the role of OEA on hepatic oxidative stress has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we used a model of diet-induced obesity to study the possible antioxidant effect of OEA in the liver. In this model rats with free access to an HFD for 77 days developed obesity, steatosis, and hepatic oxidative stress, as compared to rats consuming a low-fat diet for the same period. Several parameters associated with oxidative stress were then measured after two weeks of OEA administration to diet-induced obese rats. We showed that OEA reduced, compared to HFD-fed rats, obesity, steatosis, and the plasma level of triacylglycerols and transaminases. Moreover, OEA decreased the amount of malondialdehyde and carbonylated proteins and restored the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, which decreased in the liver of HFD-fed rats. OEA had also an improving effect on parameters linked to endoplasmic reticulum stress, thus demonstrating a role in the homeostatic control of protein folding. Finally, we reported that OEA differently regulated the expression of two transcription factors involved in the control of lipid metabolism and antioxidant genes, namely nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 1 (Nrf1) and Nrf2, thus suggesting, for the first time, new targets of the protective effect of OEA in the liver.
- Published
- 2021
84. Nutritional Regimes Enriched with Antioxidants as an Efficient Adjuvant for IBD Patients under Infliximab Administration, a Pilot Study
- Author
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Liso, Marina, primary, Sila, Annamaria, additional, Verna, Giulio, additional, Scarano, Aurelia, additional, Donghia, Rossella, additional, Castellana, Fabio, additional, Cavalcanti, Elisabetta, additional, Pesole, Pasqua Letizia, additional, Sommella, Eduardo Maria, additional, Lippolis, Antonio, additional, Armentano, Raffaele, additional, Giudetti, Anna Maria, additional, Vergara, Daniele, additional, Campiglia, Pietro, additional, Sardone, Rodolfo, additional, Curlo, Margherita, additional, Mastronardi, Mauro, additional, Petroni, Katia, additional, Tonelli, Chiara, additional, Santino, Angelo, additional, and Chieppa, Marcello, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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85. Biocompatibility study of two diblock copolymeric nanoparticles for biomedical applications by in vitro toxicity testing
- Author
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Goñi-de-Cerio, Felipe, Mariani, Valentina, Cohen, Dror, Madi, Lea, Thevenot, Julie, Oliveira, Hugo, Uboldi, Chiara, Giudetti, Guido, Coradeghini, Rosella, Garanger, Elisabeth, Rossi, François, Portugal-Cohen, Meital, Oron, Miriam, Korenstein, Rafi, Lecommandoux, Sébastien, Ponti, Jessica, Suárez-Merino, Blanca, and Heredia, Pedro
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- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
86. Decanoic Acid and Not Octanoic Acid Stimulates Fatty Acid Synthesis in U87MG Glioblastoma Cells: A Metabolomics Study
- Author
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Giuseppe E. De Benedetto, Serena Longo, Daniela Fico, Luisa Siculella, Fabrizio Damiano, Laura Giannotti, Anna Maria Giudetti, Damiano, Fabrizio, De Benedetto, Giuseppe E., Longo, Serena, Giannotti, Laura, Fico, Daniela, Siculella, Luisa, and Giudetti, Anna M.
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,octanoic acid ,lipid synthesis ,decanoic acid ,lipid synthesi ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Fatty acid synthesis ,Original Research ,General Neuroscience ,Lipid metabolism ,Decanoic acid ,Metabolism ,metabolomics ,Citric acid cycle ,Glutamine ,Metabolic pathway ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Ketone bodies ,citric acid cycle ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,metabolomic ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are dietary components with a chain length ranging from 6 to 12 carbon atoms. MCFA can cross the blood-brain barrier and in the brain can be oxidized through mitochondrial β-oxidation. As components of ketogenic diets, MCFA have demonstrated beneficial effects on different brain diseases, such as traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, drug-resistant epilepsy, diabetes, and cancer. Despite the interest in MCFA effects, not much information is available about MCFA metabolism in the brain. In this study, with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics approach, coupled with multivariate data analyses, we followed the metabolic changes of U87MG glioblastoma cells after the addition of octanoic (C8), or decanoic (C10) acids for 24 h. Our analysis highlighted significant differences in the metabolism of U87MG cells after the addition of C8 or C10 and identified several metabolites whose amount changed between the two groups of treated cells. Overall, metabolic pathway analyses suggested the citric acid cycle, Warburg effect, glutamine/glutamate metabolism, and ketone body metabolism as pathways influenced by C8 or C10 addition to U87MG cells. Our data demonstrated that, while C8 affected mitochondrial metabolism resulting in increased ketone body production, C10 mainly influenced cytosolic pathways by stimulating fatty acid synthesis. Moreover, glutamine might be the main substrate to support fatty acids synthesis in C10-treated cells. In conclusion, we identified a metabolic signature associated with C8 or C10 addition to U87MG cells that can be used to decipher metabolic responses of glioblastoma cells to MCFA treatment.
- Published
- 2020
87. NMR-Based Metabolomic Approach Tracks Potential Serum Biomarkers of Disease Progression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Author
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Francesco Prattichizzo, Gianluca Storci, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi, Emanuela Mensà, Sara Bravaccini, Anna Rita Bonfigli, Andrea Ragusa, Massimiliano Bonafè, Andrea Casadei-Gardini, Daniele Vergara, Jacopo Sabbatinelli, Francesca Pirini, Serena De Matteis, Anna Maria Giudetti, Michele Maffia, Laura Del Coco, Fabiola Olivieri, Del Coco, Laura, Vergara, Daniele, De Matteis, Serena, Mensà, Emanuela, Sabbatinelli, Jacopo, Prattichizzo, Francesco, Bonfigli, Anna Rita, Storci, Gianluca, Bravaccini, Sara, Pirini, Francesca, Ragusa, Andrea, Casadei-Gardini, Andrea, Bonafè, Massimiliano, Maffia, Michele, Fanizzi, Francesco Paolo, Olivieri, Fabiola, Giudetti, Anna Maria, Del Coco, L, Vergara, D, De Matteis, S, Mensà, E, Sabbatinelli, J, Prattichizzo, F, Bonfigli, Ar, Storci, G, Bravaccini, S, Pirini, F, Ragusa, A, Casadei-Gardini, A, Bonafè, M, Maffia, M, Fanizzi, Fp, Olivieri, F, and Giudetti, Am
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,branched-chain amino acid ,endocrine system diseases ,type 2 diabetes mellitus ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Protein metabolism ,lcsh:Medicine ,Gastroenterology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,NMR spectroscopy ,Valine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Metabolome ,branched-chain amino acids ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Methionine ,business.industry ,Insulin ,Metabolic disorder ,lcsh:R ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,metabolomics ,Glutamine ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,business ,metabolomic - Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with alterations in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. The prognosis of T2DM patients is highly dependent on the development of complications, and therefore the identification of biomarkers of T2DM progression, with minimally invasive techniques, is a huge need. In the present study, we applied a 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR)-based metabolomic approach coupled with multivariate data analysis to identify serum metabolite profiles associated with T2DM development and progression. To perform this, we compared the serum metabolome of non-diabetic subjects, treatment-naï, ve non-complicated T2DM patients, and T2DM patients with complications in insulin monotherapy. Our analysis revealed a significant reduction of alanine, glutamine, glutamate, leucine, lysine, methionine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine in T2DM patients with respect to non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, tyrosine, and valine levels distinguished complicated patients from patients without complications. Overall, the metabolic pathway analysis suggested that branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism is significantly compromised in T2DM patients with complications, while perturbation in the metabolism of gluconeogenic amino acids other than BCAAs characterizes both early and advanced T2DM stages. In conclusion, we identified a metabolic serum signature associated with T2DM stages. These data could be integrated with clinical characteristics to build a composite T2DM/complications risk score to be validated in a prospective cohort.
- Published
- 2019
88. Oxidative Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Liver Diseases: From Systems Biology to the Personalized Medicine
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Andrea Casadei-Gardini, Daniele Vergara, Anna Maria Giudetti, Vergara, D., Casadei-Gardini, A., Giudetti, A. M., and Giudetti, Am.
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Aging ,Article Subject ,business.industry ,lcsh:Cytology ,Liver Diseases ,Systems Biology ,Systems biology ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Computational biology ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Biochemistry ,Editorial ,Humans ,Medicine ,Personalized medicine ,Precision Medicine ,lcsh:QH573-671 ,business - Abstract
N/A
- Published
- 2019
89. Oleoylethanolamide decreases frustration stress-induced binge-like eating in female rats: a novel potential treatment for binge-eating disorder
- Author
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Thomas A. Lutz, Cristina Anna Gallelli, Tommaso Cassano, Carlo Cifani, Marzia Friuli, Marialuisa de Ceglia, Annabella Vitalone, Silvana Gaetani, Adele Romano, Caterina Scuderi, Maria Elena Giusepponi, Dorien Smeets, Fabio Altieri, Emanuela Micioni Di Bonaventura, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Justyna Barbara Koczwara, Anna Maria Giudetti, Antonella Tramutola, Romano, A, Micioni Di Bonaventura, Mv, Gallelli, Ca, Koczwara, Jb, Smeets, D, Giusepponi, Me, De Ceglia, M, Friuli, M, Micioni Di Bonaventura, E, Scuderi, C, Vitalone, A, Tramutola, A, Altieri, F, Lutz, Ta, Giudetti, Am, Cassano, T, Cifani, C, and Gaetani, S.
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Oleic Acids ,Striatum ,oleoylethanolamide ,crf ,Nucleus accumbens ,Frustration ,Amygdala ,Article ,Eating ,Binge-eating disorder ,Dopamine ,Internal medicine ,oxytocin ,medicine ,Animals ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,eating disorder ,dopamine ,Dopaminergic ,medicine.disease ,Oxytocin receptor ,Rats ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Oxytocin ,Feeding behaviour ,Female ,business ,Binge-Eating Disorder ,Endocannabinoids ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most frequent eating disorder, for which current pharmacotherapies show poor response rates and safety concerns, thus highlighting the need for novel treatment options. The lipid-derived messenger oleoylethanolamide (OEA) acts as a satiety signal inhibiting food intake through the involvement of central noradrenergic and oxytocinergic neurons. We investigated the anti-binge effects of OEA in a rat model of binge-like eating, in which, after cycles of intermittent food restrictions/refeeding and palatable food consumptions, female rats show a binge-like intake of palatable food, following a 15-min exposure to their sight and smell (“frustration stress”). Systemically administered OEA dose-dependently (2.5, 5, and 10 mg kg−1) prevented binge-like eating. This behavioral effect was associated with a decreased activation (measured by mapping the expression of c-fos, an early gene widely used as a marker of cellular activation) of brain areas responding to stress (such as the nucleus accumbens and amygdala) and to a stimulation of areas involved in the control of food intake, such as the VTA and the PVN. These effects were paralleled, also, to the modulation of monoamine transmission in key brain areas involved in both homeostatic and hedonic control of eating. In particular, a decreased dopaminergic response to stress was observed by measuring dopamine extracellular concentrations in microdialysates from the nucleus accumbens shell, whereas an increased serotonergic and noradrenergic tone was detected in tissue homogenates of selected brain areas. Finally, a decrease in corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA levels was induced by OEA in the central amygdala, while an increase in oxytocin mRNA levels was induced in the PVN. The restoration of a normal oxytocin receptor density in the striatum paralleled the oxytocinergic stimulation produced by OEA. In conclusion, we provide evidence suggesting that OEA might represent a novel potential pharmacological target for the treatment of binge-like eating behavior.
- Published
- 2020
90. 1H-NMR based serum metabolomics highlights different specific biomarkers between early and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma stages
- Author
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Anna Maria Giudetti, Paola Ulivi, Giorgia Marisi, Giulia Rovesti, Giovanni Luca Frassineti, Matteo Canale, Laura Del Coco, Fabio Conti, Andrea Casadei-Gardini, Francesco Giuseppe Foschi, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi, Serena Longo, Casadei Gardini, A., Coco, L. D., Marisi, G., Conti, F., Rovesti, G., Ulivi, P., Canale, M., Frassineti, G. L., Foschi, F. G., Longo, S., Fanizzi, F. P., Giudetti, A. M., Casadei-Gardini, A., and Del Coco, L.
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Sorafenib ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multivariate analysis ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Metabolomic ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,radiofrequency ,0302 clinical medicine ,Metabolomics ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Metabolome ,NMR ,OPLS-DA ,Radiofrequency ,Pathological ,business.industry ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,medicine.disease ,metabolomics ,digestive system diseases ,Pathophysiology ,Glutamine ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,sorafenib ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The application of non-targeted serum metabolomics profiling represents a noninvasive tool to identify new clinical biomarkers and to provide early diagnostic differentiation, and insight into the pathological mechanisms underlying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. In this study, we used proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) Spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis to profile the serum metabolome of 64 HCC patients, in early (n = 28) and advanced (n = 36) disease stages. We found that 1H-NMR metabolomics profiling could discriminate early from advanced HCC patients with a cross-validated accuracy close to 100%. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) showed significant changes in serum glucose, lactate, lipids and some amino acids, such as alanine, glutamine, 1-methylhistidine, lysine and valine levels between advanced and early HCC patients. Moreover, in early HCC patients, Kaplan&ndash, Meier analysis highlighted the serum tyrosine level as a predictor for overall survival (OS). Overall, our analysis identified a set of metabolites with possible clinical and biological implication in HCC pathophysiology.
- Published
- 2020
91. Colony Forming Efficiency and microscopy analysis of multi-wall carbon nanotubes cell interaction
- Author
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Ponti, Jessica, Colognato, Renato, Rauscher, Hubert, Gioria, Sabrina, Broggi, Francesca, Franchini, Fabio, Pascual, Cesar, Giudetti, Guido, and Rossi, François
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
92. Chronic psychosocial defeat differently affects lipid metabolism in liver and white adipose tissue and induces hepatic oxidative stress in mice fed a high‐fat diet
- Author
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Giudetti AM1, Testini M1, Vergara D1, Priore P1, Damiano F1, Gallelli CA2, Romano A2, Villani R3, Cassano T4, Siculella L1, Gnoni GV1, Moles A5, 6, Coccurello R5, 7, Gaetani S2, Giudetti, Anna M., Testini, Mariangela, Vergara, Daniele, Priore, Paola, Damiano, Fabrizio, Anna Gallelli, Cristina, Romano, Adele, Villani, Rosanna, Cassano, Tommaso, Siculella, Luisa, Gnoni, Gabriele V., Moles, Anna, Coccurello, Roberto, and Silvana Gaetani, And
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,White adipose tissue ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Adipose Tissue, Brown ,Brown adipose tissue ,Chronic stress ,Uncoupling Protein 1 ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,food and beverages ,Glutathione ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Liver ,Lipogenesis ,Biotechnology ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adipose Tissue, White ,Diet, High-Fat ,fatty acids ,liver steatosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,lipogenesis ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,RNA, Messenger ,Carnitine ,Molecular Biology ,Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase ,business.industry ,Body Weight ,Lipid metabolism ,Lipid Metabolism ,Disease Models, Animal ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,fatty acids • liver steatosis • lipogenesis ,Fatty Acid Synthases ,Energy Intake ,business ,Thermogenesis ,Stress, Psychological ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Oxidative stress ,Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase - Abstract
It is widely accepted that chronic stress may alter the homeostatic mechanisms of body weight control. In this study, we followed the metabolic changes occurring in mice when chronic stress caused by psychosocial defeat (CPD) is associated with ad libitum exposure to a palatable high-fat diet (HFD). In this model, CPD mice consumed more HFD than unstressed (Un) mice without gaining body weight. We focused on metabolic processes involved in weight control, such as de novo lipogenesis (DNL), fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO), and thermogenesis. The activity and expression of DNL enzymes were reduced in the liver and white adipose tissue of mice consuming the HFD. Such effects were particularly evident in stressed mice. In both CPD and Un mice, HFD consumption increased the hepatic expression of the mitochondrial FAO enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1. In the liver of mice consuming the HFD, stress exposure prevented accumulation of triacylglycerols; however, accumulation of triacylglycerols was observed in Un mice under the same dietary regimen. In brown adipose tissue, stress increased the expression of uncoupling protein-1, which is involved in energy dissipation, both in HFD and control diet-fed mice. We consider increased FAO and energy dissipation responsible for the antiobesity effect seen in CPD/HFD mice. However, CPD associated with HFD induced hepatic oxidative stress.-Giudetti, A. M., Testini, M., Vergara, D., Priore, P., Damiano, F., Gallelli, C. A., Romano, A., Villani, R., Cassano, T., Siculella, L., Gnoni, G. V., Moles, A., Coccurello, R., Gaetani, S. Chronic psychosocial defeat differently affects lipid metabolism in liver and white adipose tissue and induces hepatic oxidative stress in mice fed a high-fat diet.
- Published
- 2018
93. Tracing Ancient Carbon Dioxide Emission in the Larderello Area by Means of Historical Boric Acid Production Data
- Author
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Marco Paci, Roberto Gambini, Geoffrey Giudetti, and Alessandro Lenzi
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Geothermal power ,Technology ,Control and Optimization ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,sustainability ,geothermal resources ,CO2 emission ,soil emission ,boric acid ,lagone ,lagone coperto ,depletion ,substitutive emission ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Natural (archaeology) ,Boric acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Production (economics) ,Extraction (military) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Geothermal gradient ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Environmental engineering ,Drilling ,chemistry ,Carbon dioxide ,Environmental science ,Energy (miscellaneous) - Abstract
The impact of natural CO2 emissions in the development of geothermal areas is presently gaining more attention than ever before. In Italian geothermal fields, a reduction in the natural CO2 emissions has been observed. This paper reviews and provides an analysis of the historical production data of boric acid from 1818 to 1867 used to calculate the natural emissions of CO2 associated with boric acid production that pre-dates the use of geothermal resources for power production, which started in 1913. Boric acid was already being extracted from the natural geothermal fluids in geysers and natural ponds emitting steam and gases. After 1827 the ‘lagone coperto’ (covered lake) equipment optimized production, and the drilling of shallow wells (20–30 m) starting in 1836, which further increased the quantity of its extraction. The first geothermal reservoir was developed at the turn of the century and the Larderello geothermal field began to grow. The use of deep wells, keeping pace with the power production, led to the gradual disappearance of the natural ponds and the ‘lagoni’ (lakes) in the historical area, so the residual natural emission of CO2 is presently restricted to diffuse soil emission. Comparisons of the ancient CO2 emissions with those of the Geothermal Power Plant (GPP) in the Larderello area show that both amounts are in the same order of magnitude, suggesting a balance between the depletion of natural emissions and geothermal activity.
- Published
- 2021
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94. Oxidative Stress and Multi-Organel Damage Induced by Two Novel Phytocannabinoids, CBDB and CBDP, in Breast Cancer Cells
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Salbini, Maria, primary, Quarta, Alessandra, additional, Russo, Fabiana, additional, Giudetti, Anna Maria, additional, Citti, Cinzia, additional, Cannazza, Giuseppe, additional, Gigli, Giuseppe, additional, Vergara, Daniele, additional, and Gaballo, Antonio, additional
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
95. Oleoylethanolamide Reduces Hepatic Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats
- Author
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Giudetti, Anna Maria, primary, Vergara, Daniele, additional, Longo, Serena, additional, Friuli, Marzia, additional, Eramo, Barbara, additional, Tacconi, Stefano, additional, Fidaleo, Marco, additional, Dini, Luciana, additional, Romano, Adele, additional, and Gaetani, Silvana, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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96. Differential effects of coconut oil- and fish oil-enriched diets on tricarboxylate carrier in rat liver mitochondria
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Anna Maria Giudetti, Simona Sabetta, Roberta di Summa, Monica Leo, Fabrizio Damiano, Luisa Siculella, and Gabriele V. Gnoni
- Subjects
cholesterol ,fatty acids ,lipogenesis ,lipogenic gene regulation ,phospholipids ,n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
The mitochondrial tricarboxylate carrier (TCC) plays an important role in lipogenesis being TCC-responsible for the efflux from the mitochondria to the cytosol of acetyl-CoA, the primer for fatty acid synthesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of two high-fat diets with different fatty acid composition on the hepatic TCC activity. Rats were fed for 3 weeks on a basal diet supplemented with 15% of either coconut oil (CO), abundant in medium-chain saturated fatty acids, or fish oil (FO), rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Mitochondrial fatty acid composition was differently influenced by the dietary treatments, while no appreciable change in phospholipid composition and cholesterol level was observed. Compared with CO, the TCC activity was markedly decreased in liver mitochondria from FO-fed rats; kinetic analysis of the carrier revealed a decrease of the Vmax, with no change of the Km. No difference in the Arrhenius plot between the two groups was observed. Interestingly, the carrier protein level and the corresponding mRNA abundance decreased following FO treatment.These data indicate that FO administration markedly decreased the TCC activity as compared with CO. This effect is most likely due to a reduced gene expression of the carrier protein.
- Published
- 2003
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97. 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine increases de novo lipogenesis in liver from hypothyroid rats by SREBP-1 and ChREBP-mediated transcriptional mechanisms
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Antonio Gnoni, Fabrizio Damiano, Anna Maria Giudetti, Luisa Siculella, and Giuseppina Paglialonga
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,ATP citrate lyase ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein ,Molecular Biology ,Fatty acid synthesis ,biology ,Chemistry ,Lipid metabolism ,Cell Biology ,Metabolism ,Sterol regulatory element-binding protein ,Fatty acid synthase ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Lipogenesis ,biology.protein - Abstract
Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL), the process by which carbohydrates are converted into lipids, is strictly controlled by nutritional and hormonal status. 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine (T2), a product of the 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) peripheral metabolism, has been shown to mimic some T3 effects on lipid metabolism by a short-term mechanism independent of protein synthesis. Here, we report that T2, administered for 1 week to hypothyroid rats, increases total fatty acid synthesis from acetate in isolated hepatocytes. Studies carried out on liver subcellular fractions demonstrated that T2 not only increases the activity and the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase but also of other proteins linked to DNL such as the mitochondrial citrate carrier and the cytosolic ATP citrate lyase. Parallelly, T2 stimulates the activities of enzymes supplying cytosolic NADPH needed for the reductive steps of DNL. With respect to both euthyroid and hypothyroid rats, T2 administration decreases the hepatic mRNA level of SREBP-1, a transcription factor which represents a master regulator of DNL. However, when compared to hypothyroid rats T2 significantly increases, without bringing to the euthyroid value, the content of both mature (nSREBP-1), and precursor (pSREBP-1) forms of the SREBP-1 protein as well as their ratio. Moreover, T2 administration strongly augmented the nuclear content of ChREBP, another crucial transcription factor involved in the regulation of lipogenic genes. Based on these results, we can conclude that in the liver of hypothyroid rats the transcriptional activation by T2 of DNL genes could depend, at least in part, on SREBP-1- and ChREBP-dependent mechanisms. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019.
- Published
- 2019
98. Chapter 54 - Oleic acid and olive oil polyphenols downregulate fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in brain and liver cells
- Author
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Gnoni, Antonio, Longo, Serena, Damiano, Fabrizio, Gnoni, Gabriele Vincenzo, and Giudetti, Anna Maria
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
99. Preferential Enhancement of Sensory and Motor Axon Regeneration by Combining Extracellular Matrix Components with Neurotrophic Factors
- Author
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Daniel Santos, Francisco González-Pérez, Guido Giudetti, Silvestro Micera, Esther Udina, Jaume Del Valle, and Xavier Navarro
- Subjects
neurotrophic factors ,BDNF ,NGF ,NT3 ,extracellular matrix ,motor axons ,sensory axons ,nerve regeneration ,reinnervation ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
After peripheral nerve injury, motor and sensory axons are able to regenerate but inaccuracy of target reinnervation leads to poor functional recovery. Extracellular matrix (ECM) components and neurotrophic factors (NTFs) exert their effect on different neuronal populations creating a suitable environment to promote axonal growth. Here, we assessed in vitro and in vivo the selective effects of combining different ECM components with NTFs on motor and sensory axons regeneration and target reinnervation. Organotypic cultures with collagen, laminin and nerve growth factor (NGF)/neurotrophin-3 (NT3) or collagen, fibronectin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) selectively enhanced sensory neurite outgrowth of DRG neurons and motor neurite outgrowth from spinal cord slices respectively. For in vivo studies, the rat sciatic nerve was transected and repaired with a silicone tube filled with a collagen and laminin matrix with NGF/NT3 encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (MP) (LM + MP.NGF/NT3), or a collagen and fibronectin matrix with BDNF in PLGA MPs (FN + MP.BDNF). Retrograde labeling and functional tests showed that LM + MP.NGF/NT3 increased the number of regenerated sensory neurons and improved sensory functional recovery, whereas FN + MP.BDNF preferentially increased regenerated motoneurons and enhanced motor functional recovery. Therefore, combination of ECM molecules with NTFs may be a good approach to selectively enhance motor and sensory axons regeneration and promote appropriate target reinnervation.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
100. Urinary Metabolic Biomarkers in Cancer Patients: An Overview
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Serena, De Matteis, Massimiliano, Bonafè, and Anna Maria, Giudetti
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Pancreatic Neoplasms ,Urologic Neoplasms ,Neoplasms ,Liver Neoplasms ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Metabolome ,Animals ,Humans ,Metabolomics ,Prognosis ,Metabolic Networks and Pathways - Abstract
The pathogenesis of cancer involves multiple molecular alterations at the level of genome, epigenome, and stromal environment, resulting in several deregulated signal transduction pathways. Metabolites are not only end products of gene and protein expression but also a consequence of the mutual relationship between the genome and the internal environment. Considering that metabolites serve as a comprehensive chemical fingerprint of cell metabolism, metabolomics is emerging as the method able to discover metabolite biomarkers that can be developed for early cancer detection, prognosis, and response to treatment. Urine represents a noninvasive source, available and rich in metabolites, useful for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. In this chapter, we reported the main published evidences on urinary metabolic biomarkers in the studied cancers related to hepatopancreatic and urinary tract with the aim at discussing their promising role in clinical practice.
- Published
- 2021
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