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To evaluate the accuracy and consistency of a gradient-based positron emission tomography (PET) segmentation method, GRADIENT, compared with manual (MANUAL) and constant threshold (THRESHOLD) methods.Contouring accuracy was evaluated with sphere phantoms and clinically realistic Monte Carlo PET phantoms of the thorax. The sphere phantoms were 10-37 mm in diameter and were acquired at five institutions emulating clinical conditions. One institution also acquired a sphere phantom with multiple source-to-background ratios of 2:1, 5:1, 10:1, 20:1, and 70:1. One observer segmented (contoured) each sphere with GRADIENT and THRESHOLD from 25% to 50% at 5% increments. Subsequently, seven physicians segmented 31 lesions (7-264 mL) from 25 digital thorax phantoms using GRADIENT, THRESHOLD, and MANUAL.For spheres20 mm in diameter, GRADIENT was the most accurate with a mean absolute % error in diameter of 8.15% (10.2% SD) compared with 49.2% (51.1% SD) for 45% THRESHOLD (p0.005). For larger spheres, the methods were statistically equivalent. For varying source-to-background ratios, GRADIENT was the most accurate for spheres20 mm (p0.065) and20 mm (p0.015). For digital thorax phantoms, GRADIENT was the most accurate (p0.01), with a mean absolute % error in volume of 10.99% (11.9% SD), followed by 25% THRESHOLD at 17.5% (29.4% SD), and MANUAL at 19.5% (17.2% SD). GRADIENT had the least systematic bias, with a mean % error in volume of -0.05% (16.2% SD) compared with 25% THRESHOLD at -2.1% (34.2% SD) and MANUAL at -16.3% (20.2% SD; p value0.01). Interobserver variability was reduced using GRADIENT compared with both 25% THRESHOLD and MANUAL (p value0.01, Levene's test).GRADIENT was the most accurate and consistent technique for target volume contouring. GRADIENT was also the most robust for varying imaging conditions. GRADIENT has the potential to play an important role for tumor delineation in radiation therapy planning and response assessment.

BACKGROUND: Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) combines precise target visualization with optimal delivery of radiation dose to spare normal tissue from radiation and may potentially reduce side-effects and long-term treatment complications. We have assessed the effectiveness of IGRT for locally advanced rectal cancer. METHODS: A retrospective review of 22 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemoradiation was conducted. RESULTS: Nineteen patients (median age, 69 years) underwent surgical resection after chemoradiation. All 19 patients achieved complete resection with negative margins. Seven patients (32%) had no residual tumor in the surgical specimen. One patient had grade 4 gastrointestinal toxicity and hematological toxicity probably related to inadvertent overdosing of capecitabine. The median survival for the whole group-patients who had pCR and those who did not have pCR-was 14, 17, and 15 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Image-guided radiotherapy provided effective treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer with minimal toxicity and should be investigated in future prospective trials.

Haematophagy, the utilization of blood as food, has evolved independently among insects such as mosquitoes, bedbugs, fleas, and others. Accordingly, several distinct biological adaptations have occurred in order to facilitate the finding, ingestion and digestion of blood from vertebrate sources. Although blood meals are essential for survival and reproduction of these insects, mechanical and chemical stresses are caused by the ingestion of a sizable meal (frequently twice or more times the weight of the insect) containing large amounts of cytotoxic molecules such as haem. Here we present data showing that the stresses caused by a blood meal induce cell death in the midgut epithelium of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. The process involves apoptosis, ejection of dead cells to the midgut lumen and differentiation of basal regenerative cells to replace the lost digestive cells. The basal cell differentiation in blood-fed mosquito midguts represents an additional mechanism by which insects cope with the stresses caused by blood meals. C. quinquefasciatus adult females are unable to replace lost cells following a third or fourth blood meal, which may have a significant impact on mosquito longevity, reproduction and vectorial capacity.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:22:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-04-30. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-12-10T14:28:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000849670.pdf: 1421991 bytes, checksum: 5b10092e2a2350f4d4a5b9c0411c1341 (MD5) O presente estudo teve como objetivo o isolamento de Staphylococcus aureus e estafilococos coagulase negativos (ECN), associados com casos de mastite subclínica, a partir de amostras de leite de 134 vacas, em dez pequenas propriedades leiteiras familiares, da região de Bauru - SP, determinar a susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos e investigar a presença de genes de enterotoxinas e do gene mecA de resistência à oxacilina, dos casos de mastite subclínica, a partir das cepas bacterianas isoladas do leite dos animais, e dos tanques de resfriamento. Isolaram se 105 amostras de Staphylococcus spp, sendo 55 (52,4%) estafilococos coagulase positivos (ECP) e 50 (47,6%) ECN. Entre os ECP, S.aureus foi isolado em 48 (87,3%) dos casos. Das 12 espécies de ECN isoladas, as mais freqüentes foram S. warneri, S. hyicus, e S. xylosus. Os maiores níveis de resistência, foram observados frente ao grupo dos beta-lactâmicos tanto para os ECP - 92,7% para penicilina e 90,9% para ampicilina, como para os ECN - 56% e 52% de resistência, respectivamente. Todas amostras de ECP foram sensíveis a cefalexina, e 96% dos isolados de ECN a enrofloxacina. Em relação a presença de genes codificadores de enterotoxinas, dos casos de mastite subclínica, 17/142 (12%) foi positiva para algum dos genes estudados. O gene sea foi o mais prevalente, sendo detectado em 11 (7,7%). O gene seb em 05 (3,5%) e o sec em 01 (0,7%) das amostras. Todas foram negativas para o gene sed. Dos Staphylococcus spp isolados das mastites subclínicas, houve detecção do gene sec em 8/105 (7,6%), sendo que cinco (4,7%) eram ECP, e três (2,8%) ECN. Das 10 amostras de leite dos tanques, duas (20%) foram positivas para sea e uma (10%) para seb. O gene mecA foi detectado em três cepas de S. aureus, (6,2%). A identificação de genes codificadores de enterotoxinas em casos de mastite subclínica e em tanques comunitários, sinalizam a importância do monitoramento destes agentes visando a... This study aimed at the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci, from bovine milk samples, associated with cases of subclinical mastitis detected in ten small properties from Bauru - SP. Also, determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the agents isolated and to investigate the presence of enterotoxin gene and the mecA gene of oxacillin resistance from the bacterial strains, and milk samples from bulk tanks . Of 105 samples obtained, 55 ( 52.4 %) were coagulase positive staphylococcus (CPS) and 50 (47.6%) coagulase negative staphylococcus (CNS). Among the CPS, S. aureus was isolated in most cases, 48 ( 87.3 %). Of the 12 CNS species isolated, the most frequent were S. warneri, S. hyicus, both with 8 (16%) and S. xylosus 7 (14%) . The highest levels of antibiotics resistance were observed for the group of β - lactam antibiotics - penicillin 92.7% and ampicillin 90.9% CPS and ECN - 56 % and 52 % respectively. The greatest sensitivity of the CPS strains was to cephalexin, and for CNS isolates to enrofloxacin. From the cases of subclinical mastitis, genes encoding enterotoxins were found in, 17/142 (12%) . The sea gene was the most prevalent being detected in 11 ( 7.7 %). The seb gene was detected in five (3.5%) samples, and in one sec (0.7%). All were negative for sed gene. When we consider the results directly from cultures of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from subclinical mastitis, there was only the gene sec in 8/105 (7.6%).From these isolates of Staphylococcus spp., positive for sec 05/105 (4.8%) were CPS, (03 S. aureus and 02 S.intermedius) and 03/105 (2.8%) CNS, (01 S. xylosus, 01 S.hyicus and 01 S.lugdunensis). To sea, seb and sed samples were negative. Of the ten samples from the bulk tanks, 02/10 (20%) were positive for sea and 01/10 (10%) to seb. The mecA gene was detected in three strains of S. aureus, representing 6.2% of the total of 48 S. aureus strains isolated. The identification ...

The objectives of the present work were to adjust the method for identifying genetic variability in rice through the use of minimal solution in hydroponic culture, and to identify the most important level and character for the study. The experiment consisted of the response evaluation of 18 rice genotypes to three levels of aluminum treatment. Five variables obtained from root and shoot lengths were evaluated. The data were subjected to the clustering methods of Tocher and nearest neighbor to evaluate the dissimilarity and the most adequate aluminum level. The results indicated that the 2 mg L−1 concentration and the difference between first and second measures of root length were the most useful for evaluating Al tolerance. Based on the results, it was possible to identify tolerant and sensitive cultivars to aluminum.

Solos com concentrações elevadas de alumínio (Al3+), podem prejudicar o desenvolvimento e a absorção de nutrientes de plantas de arroz. O objetivo do experimento foi avaliar o desempenho de dezoito genótipos de arroz quanto a absorção de P, Mg, Ca e K e identificar genótipos com bom desempenho quando submetidos ao estresse por Al3+ em sistema hidropônico. Foram utilizados quatro níveis de Al3+ (0, 10, 20 e 30mg L-1) e o delineamento experimental foi blocos casualizados com três repetições. As plântulas permaneceram em sistema hidropônico por 20 dias sob efeito dos tratamentos, e após foram avaliadas quanto ao comprimento de raízes (CR) e teores de P, Mg, Ca e K. Todas as variáveis apresentaram reduções significativas nos seus valores, e os genótipos apresentaram diferentes desempenhos na absorção de nutrientes frente aos tratamentos, com exceção do nutriente Mg que apresentou mesma resposta para todos os genótipos avaliados. Baseado na variável CR, os genótipos Felune e Taim foram considerados como mais tolerante e sensível ao Al3+, respectivamente. Para absorção de nutrientes, os genótipos apresentaram comportamentos muito diferenciais para cada elemento avaliado, sendo que também o genótipo Felune obteve elevados índices de absorção. Todas as variáveis revelaram correlações significativas entre si. Soils with high aluminum (Al3+) concentrations can affect the development and nutrient absorption of rice plants. The goals of this study were to evaluate the absorption of P, Mg, Ca and K in 18 rice genotypes and their overall performance when subjected to Al3+ stress in hydroponic systems. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 3 replications and four Al3+ levels (0, 10, 20 and 30mg L-1). Plantlets were treated for 20 days and evaluated for root length (CR) and P, Mg, Ca and K contents. All variables presented significant reductions in their values, and the genotypes presented different performance in nutrient absorption when facing different treatments, with an exception for Mg absorption response in which all genotypes evaluated were similar. Based on the variable CR, the genotypes Felune and Taim were considered the most tolerant and sensitive to Al3+, respectively. Regarding nutrient absorption, the genotypes presented variable responses to each evaluated nutrient, nevertheless the genotype Felune presented also high absorption levels. All the variables presented significant correlations to each other.

Italian ryegrass is the most important temperate grass in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Despite its overall importance, there are no breeding programs for this species in this State. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the existing variability within and between four Italian ryegrass populations, three from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and one from Uruguay. The populations were characterized based on morphological traits such as: number of tillers, canopy diameter, heading date, total leaf area, number of leaves, area/leaf, leaf dry matter, stem dry matter, leaf/stem ratio and dry matter yield. Molecular variation was also characterized using RAPD markers. A large variability was found within the populations (98.41%), which limited the complete separation of populations. However, significant differences were found among populations for traits of great forage interest, such as the number of tillers, canopy and heading date, indicating that the present variability is suitable for the initiation of a breeding program.

The oat (Avena sativa L.) crop has been increasing its acreage in Southern Brazil very rapidly in the last decade. Areas novel to the crop, e.g., lowland areas, however, cannot be developed unless flooding-tolerant genotypes are available. With this goal, two experiments were designed using eight commercial genotypes: UPF 14, UPF 16, UFRGS 7, UFRGS 14, UFRGS 16, UFRGS 18, CTC 2 and ORLA 9248. Plants were subjected to flooding for at least 30 days and evaluated for plant height (PH), root length (RL), root dry matter (RDM) and total dry matter (TDM). The genotypes evaluated showed very different responses to flooding.

Anopheles darlingi Root is the principal vector of Plasmodium in Brazil, but its biological variability is not well known. Morphometric analyses of scanning electron microscopy images of the eggs of An. darlingi were conducted using individuals collected in nine states of Brazil (Acre, Amapa, Espirito Santo, Para, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Rondonia, Sao Paulo, and Tocantins). Ten attributes of the eggs (seven continuous variables and three discrete variables) were respectively measured or counted and analyzed to determine if populations from different geographical regions or biomes could be distinguished. Univariate analysis showed that the eggs from Espirito Santo were the narrowest whereas representatives from Tocantins populations had the smallest floats. Results of multivariate analyses of continuous variables showed that the first principal component (PC1), mainly represented by all four float attributes, helped to differentiate populations. The second principal component (PC2) comprised roughly the length and width of the egg. PC1 of discrete variables corresponded to the number of ribs on the float whereas PC2 was approximately equivalent to the number of discs on the micropyle. Based on those variables (continuous and discrete separately), multivariate discriminant analysis indicated that eggs from individuals collected in Tocantins were distinct from the other populations. Among sampled localities, the one from the state of Tocantins was situated within the Cerrado biome whereas the locality from Sao Paulo state was at the border of Cerrado, within a transition zone of the Atlantic Forest biome. Generally, the climate in the Cerrado biome was more arid than in areas of the Amazon and Atlantic Forest biomes, and the temperature had the highest range. Coincidentally, based on morphometric data, cluster analysis distinguished the population from Cerrado, Tocantins from all other populations. Results of multiple regression analysis of the variables showed no correlation between egg variables and latitude or climatic variables. We concluded that eggs were polymorphic and that some morphological patterns were regional. Although no environmental influence on the egg attributes was unequivocally detected, a potential association cannot be entirely discarded. Consequently, we hypothesize that morphological traits of the immature stages, especially from the eggs, convey evolutionary information regarding to this species.

Adequate management of phyllodes tumors of the breast (PTB) remains a challenge because of the difficulty in correctly establishing preoperative diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of Ki-67, CD10, CD34, p53, CD117, and of the number of mast cells in the differential diagnosis of benign PTB and cellular fibroadenomas (CFs) as well as in the grading of PTB. Fifty-one primary PTB and 14 CFs were examined by immunohistochemistry.When evaluating CD117 expression, higher epithelial expression was present in CF as well as an increased number of mast cells in benign PTB. Stromal expression of Ki-67, CD10, CD34, and p53 were relevant to PTB grading, of which the first 3 showed significance in the distinction of benign and borderline PTB, as well as between benign and malignant PTB. P53 was relevant only for the discrimination between benign and malign PTB. None of the markers showed significance in distinguishing between borderline and malign PTB.

Culex quinquefasciatus é vetor de patógenos humanos, incluindo nematódeos filarídeos e vários vírus. Embora a sua relevância epidemiológica varie entre as diferentes regiões geográficas, o conhecimento da estrutura genética da população é ainda incipiente. Em vista disso, foram avaliados os níveis de diversidade genética de Cx. quinquefasciatus e de híbridos Cx. quinquefasciatus x Cx. pipiens de nove cidades do Brasil e em La Plata, na Argentina. Para os testes foram utilizados fragmentos dos genes mitocondriais cox1 e nd4, juntamente com coxA e wsp do endossimbionte Wolbachia, herdado maternalmente. O fragmento nd4 não apresentou variação entre as amostras, e o cox1 exibiu quatro haplótipos que separaram dois tipos de Cx. quinquefasciatus, com um deles agrupado no sul do Brasil. Os dados de sequência mostraram baixa diversidade, sendo esta discutida. Ambas as amostras de mosquitos brasileiros e argentinos estão infectados com uma única cepa de Wolbachia. A diversidade apresentada por nd4 e cox1 não é congruente com a estrutura da população revelada por marcadores nucleares e morfologia alar de estudos anteriores com estas mesmas populações. Pesquisas com Cx. quinquefasciatus devem, se possível, avaliar a diversidade por DNA mitocondrial na luz de outros marcadores. Culex quinquefasciatus is a vector of human pathogens, including filarial nematodes and several viruses. Although its epidemiological relevance is known to vary across geographical regions, an understanding of its population genetic structure is still incipient. In light of this, we evaluated the genetic diversity of Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. pipiens x Cx. quinquefasciatus hybrids collected from nine localities in Brazil and one site in Argentina. We used mitochondrial genes cox1 and nd4, along with the coxA and wsp genes of the maternally-inherited Wolbachia endosymbiont. The nd4 fragment was invariant between samples, whilst cox1 exhibited four haplotypes that separated two types of Cx. quinquefasciatus, one clustered in southern Brazil. Low sequence diversity was generally observed, being discussed. Both Brazilian and Argentinian mosquitoes were infected with a single Wolbachia strain. As reported in previous studies with these populations, cox1 and nd4 diversity is not congruent with the population structure revealed by nuclear markers or alar morphology. Future Cx. quinquefasciatus research should, if possible, evaluate mtDNA diversity in light of other markers.

In this work, the treatment tolerance of elderly patients (≥70 years) undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) and chemotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer was assessed.A retrospective review of 112 patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiation for locally advanced head and neck cancer was performed. Treatment toxicity, protocol violations, long-term complications, and survival were compared between 85 younger patients ( 70 years) and 27 older patients (≥ 70 years).Grade 3-4 treatment toxicity was observed in 88.2% and 88.8% for younger and older patients, respectively. Mean weight loss and treatment break were 5.9 and 3.9 kg (p = 0.03) and 7.3 and 7.8 days (p = 0.8) for younger and older patients, respectively. Seven patients (8.2%) did not complete treatment in the younger group compared to 1 patient (3.7%) in the older group (p = 0.6). No significant differences in protocol violations and survival were found between the two groups.Compared to younger patients, elderly patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer tolerated chemoradiation with IMRT and IGRT well, and should not be denied curative treatment based solely on age.

We would like to assess the effectiveness of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) or image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) to decrease the risk of osteoradionecrosis in locally advanced head and neck cancer. We conducted a retrospective study of 83 patients with head and neck cancer undergoing concurrent definitive chemoradiation, post-operative radiotherapy or chemoradiation, or radiotherapy alone with IMRT or IGRT. Mean mandibular dose was, respectively, 43.6Gy and 43.8Gy for the IMRT and IGRT technique. At a median follow-up of 28 months (5-55 months), only one patient developed osteoradionecrosis requiring hyperbaric oxygen. Sharp dose falloff associated with IMRT and IGRT decreased excessive radiation of the mandible and may reduce the risks of osteoradionecrosis.

To compare the effectiveness of tomotherapy and three-dimensional (3D) conformal radiotherapy to spare normal critical structures (spinal cord, lungs, and ventricles) from excessive radiation in patients with distal esophageal cancers.A retrospective dosimetric study of nine patients who had advanced gastro-esophageal (GE) junction cancer (7) or thoracic esophageal cancer (2) extending into the distal esophagus. Two plans were created for each of the patients. A three-dimensional plan was constructed with either three (anteroposterior, right posterior oblique, and left posterior oblique) or four (right anterior oblique, left anterior oblique, right posterior oblique, and left posterior oblique) fields. The second plan was for tomotherapy. Doses were 45 Gy to the PTV with an integrated boost of 5 Gy for tomotherapy.Mean lung dose was respectively 7.4 and 11.8 Gy (p=0.004) for tomotherapy and 3D plans. Corresponding values were 12.4 and 18.3 Gy (p=0.006) for cardiac ventricles. Maximum spinal cord dose was respectively 31.3 and 37.4 Gy (p0.007) for tomotherapy and 3D plans. Homogeneity index was two for both groups.Compared to 3D conformal radiotherapy, tomotherapy decreased significantly the amount of normal tissue irradiated and may reduce treatment toxicity for possible dose escalation in future prospective studies.

Wolbachia é uma bactéria intracelular obrigatória, de transmissão vertical, encontrada em tecidos reprodutivos de muitos artrópodes e nematóides. Ela manipula o ciclo reprodutivo de seus hospedeiros, induzindo partenogênese, feminização, morte de machos e incompatibilidade citoplasmática. No intuito de verificar a existência de alterações reprodutivas em mosquitos Culex quinquefasciatus infectados por Wolbachia (cepa B), tratamos com antibiótico uma colônia infectada e obtivemos uma colônia livre da infecção. Os mosquitos de nossas colônias apresentam o fenômeno de incompatibilidade citoplasmática. Paralelamente, a infecção causa redução do número de ovos e diminui a mortalidade de larvas e pupas, fazendo com que o número de adultos emergidos seja estatisticamente igual entre os animais infectados e não infectados. Além disso, observamos que mosquitos coletados na natureza, na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, estão infectados pela mesma cepa da bactéria. Wolbachia is an obligatory intracellular bacterium, maternally inherited, found in reproductive tissues of many arthropods and nematodes. It manipulates the reproductive behavior of their hosts, inducing parthenogenesis, feminization, male-killing and cytoplasmic incompatibility. In order to verify the existence of reproductive manipulation in Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes infected with Wolbachia (B strain), an infected population was treated with antibiotic to obtain a Wolbachia free colony. The mosquitoes of our colonies present the cytoplasmic incompatibility phenomenon. In parallel, infection causes reduction in the number of eggs and decreases the mortality of larvae and pupae, making the number of emerged adults statistically equal between the infected and uninfected animals. Furthermore, we observed that wild mosquitoes collected in Sao Paulo city, Brazil, are infected by the same strain of bacteria.

5063 Background: The early-access program aimed to monitor acute and long-term Ra-223 safety. Herein the number of Ra-223 cycles was examined in relation to prior therapy with abiraterone (abi) and...

247 Background: The ALSYMPCA study (Parker, NEJM, 2013) was the basis for regulatory approval of Ra-223 for the treatment of castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients (pts) with symptomatic bone metastases. The aim of this prospective EAP was to monitor acute and long-term safety of Ra-223. Pt profiles and findings in the EAP setting are presented. Methods: In the EAP, CRPC pts with symptomatic bone metastases who either received or were not eligible for docetaxel received Ra-223 50 kBq/kg by injection q4wks for 6 cycles. Primary endpts: ECOG PS, symptomatic skeletal-related events (SSE), treatment-emergent adverse events [TEAEs], routine laboratory tests including PSA. Exploratory endpts: overall survival (OS), SSE rates, changes in total ALP (tALP)/PSA responses, time to tALP normalization, and to tALP and PSA progression. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: 184 pts entered treatment; baseline characteristics were similar as seen in ALSYMPCA (N=600) (exceptions in table); 67% had total ALP

253 Background: The aim of this prospective early-access program (EAP) was to monitor acute and long-term safety of Ra-223 CL2. The ALSYMPCA RA-223 phase III trial was completed prior to abiraterone (Abi) and enzalutamide (Enza) approval. Herein we provide experience with RA-223 in relationship to Abi and Enza. Methods: Symptomatic bone metastatic CRPC pts in the US who were ineligible for or had prior docetaxel were enrolled. Treatment included Ra-223 50 kBq/kg IV q4weeks for 6 cycles concomitant with standard of care medications. Analyses were conducted to assess safety and overall survival (OS) in pts with prior and concurrent Abi and Enza. Results: Of 184 treated, 120 (65%) had prior and 35 (19%) pts had concurrent Abi; 59 (32%) had prior and 25 (14%) pts had concurrent Enza. Baseline characteristics were generally balanced in the overall and across prior and concurrent groups. Pts with no concurrent Abi or Enza had a similar OS to the overall group (Abi 16m, Enza 17m, overall 17m). Due to a small number of events (7 Abi, 6 Enza), a median value was not calculated for the concurrent groups. 8 deaths occurred during treatment none were related to RA-223. The rate of Grade 3-5 AEs was similar across concurrent (Abi 37%, Enza 36%) and prior groups (Abi 43%, Enza 42%) vs overall 41%. Most frequently occurring Gr 3-4 events were anemia (Abi 17%, Enza 8%, overall 11%), thrombocytopenia (Abi 6%, overall 3%), and back pain (Enza 8%, overall 4%). Conclusions: In this EAP, Ra-223 concurrently administered with either abiraterone or enzalutamide was safe and well tolerated adding important information on concurrent use of RA-223 and hormonal agents. Clinical trial information: NCT01516762. [Table: see text]

A baixa taxa de regeneração in vitro de alguns cultivares de arroz da subespécie indica limita a utilização de técnicas de cultura de anteras como ferramenta para o desenvolvimento de novos cultivares. A identificação de regiões genômicas associadas à formação de calos e regeneração de plantas, a partir do cultivo de anteras, poderá permitir a transferência do caráter por seleção assistida. Duas populações de retrocruzamento foram utilizadas para o mapeamento genético e estudo destes caracteres, sendo Taipei 309// BRS 7 "Taim"/Taipei 309 (53 genótipos) e BRS 7 "Taim"// BRS 7 "Taim"/Taipei 309 (74 genótipos). Duzentas anteras imaturas de cada genótipo utilizado no estudo foram inoculadas em meio NL líquido e, após 40 dias, os calos formados foram transferidos para o meio MS sólido para regeneração de plantas. Todas as plantas doadoras de anteras foram usadas na extração de DNA genômico e sete primers RAPD foram utilizados na geração de marcadores para a construção dos mapas de ligação dos retrocruzamentos estudados. A taxa de formação de calos variou de 2,27 a 3,36% e a taxa de regeneração de plantas 1,38 a 1,82%, não se diferenciando significativamente. Seis grupos de ligação foram obtidos, três em cada população. Um QTL com LOD 3,10 foi detectado para o caráter formação de calos na população Taipei 309 // BRS 7 "Taim" / Taipei 309. Nenhum QTL foi detectado para a característica regeneração de plantas. The low in vitro regeneration of some indica rice cultivars, limits the use of anther culture techniques as a tool to reduce the time for releasing new cultivars. The identification of genomic regions associated with callus formation and in vitro regeneration from anther culture, will facilitate selection of these traits through marker assisted techniques. Two backcross populations were used to study and map these traits, Taipei 309// BRS 7 "Taim"/Taipei 309 (53 genotypes) and BRS 7 "Taim"// BRS 7 "Taim"/Taipei 309 (74 genotypes). Two hundred immature anthers, from each genotype used in this study, were inoculated in liquid NL medium for callus induction and, after 40 days, the formed callus were transferred to solid MS medium for plant regeneration. Each anther donor plant was used for DNA extraction and seven RAPD primers were used to assess genomic regions associated to callus formation and plant regeneration. As results, callus formation ranged from 2.27 up to 3.36% and plant regeneration ranged from 1.38 up to 1.82%, no significant differences were observed. Six linkage groups were obtained, being three from each population. One QTL was detected associated to callus formation, with LOD score 3.10, in the population Taipei 309 // BRS 7 "Taim" / Taipei 309. No QTL association was detected to the trait plant regeneration.

Em aveia (Avena sativa L.), a utilização de técnicas que minimizem os efeitos de ambiente na expressão do fenótipo e que facilitem a identificação de genótipos de superior rendimento de grãos, baixa estatura e tolerantes ao alumínio tóxico são aspectos de fundamental importância para o desenvolvimento de cultivares mais promissores e com adaptabilidade a áreas consideradas marginais. Desta forma, genótipos selecionados pelo método colméia de condução de populações segregantes, em três diferentes cruzamentos, foram submetidos a testes simultâneos para tolerância ao alumínio tóxico (Al+3) e insensibilidade ao ácido giberélico (AG3), objetivando a identificação de constituições genéticas superiores. A técnica utilizada possibilitou a seleção de plantas de alto potencial produtivo, menor estatura (insensíveis ao AG3) e mais tolerantes ao Al+3, podendo ser aplicada com sucesso em programas de melhoramento genético com a cultura da aveia hexaplóide cultivada. In oat (Avena sativa L.) techniques that minimize environmental effects on the expression of phenotype and facilitate the identification of high yielding genotypes are useful. Short stature and tolerance to toxic aluminum are important for the development of cultivars with adaptability to marginal areas. Thus, genotypes selected by the honeycomb method, in three different crosses, were subjected to simultaneous tests for aluminum tolerance (Al+3) and insensibility to gibberelic acid (AG3), aiming the identification of superior genotypes. This technique enabled the selection of high yielding, short stature and Al+3 tolerant genotypes and could be applied in plant breeding programs involving cultivated hexaploid oat.

Wolbachia are α-proteobacteria that were first reported in Culex pipiens mosquitoes early in the twentieth century. Since then, the effect of Wolbachia on their host's reproduction has drawn attention and has been increasingly investigated. Given the extreme complexity of this interaction, new study cases are welcomed to enhance its understanding. The present work addressed the influence of Wolbachia on Cx. quinquefasciatus, the cosmopolitan member of the Cx. pipiens complex. Samples of a Cx. quinquefasciatus colony (wPip(+)) originated from individuals naturally infected by Wolbachiapipientis B strain, were cured with tetracycline, yielding a Wolbachia-free colony (wPip(-)). Both the presence of bacteria and the efficiency of bacterial elimination were checked by PCR of the wsp gene. Total reproductive unidirectional incompatibility occurred when wPip(-) females were crossed with wPip(+) males, whereas the other three types of reciprocal crosses were viable. Reproductive aspects were also comparatively evaluated between colonies. Concerning oviposition time during the first gonotrophic cycle, wPip(+) females developed and laid eggs earlier than did wPip(-) females. Reproductive fitness was higher among wPip(-) than wPip(+) females regarding the following parameters: fertility: egg rafts/fed females; fecundity: eggs/raft, and viability: larvae/eggs. Conversely, longevity of wPip(-) females was lower. Summarising, although the infected mosquitoes have the advantage of a higher longevity, they have lower reproductive fitness. Our results are partly distinct from all other reports on Aedes and Culex mosquitoes previously published.

A cromomicose e uma infeccao fungica que afeta a epiderme, derme e tecido subcutâneo. A infeccao e causada por especies de fungo dematiaceos que se coram em preto. Nos relatamos o caso de um homen de 50 anos de idade, trabalhador da zona rural, que tinha sido tratado por tres decadas sem exito conclusivo. As lesoes faciais progrediram causando retracao cicatricial severa. Com a evolucao do quadro, houve tambem retracao tambem da palpebra superior do olho esquerdo. O tratamento cirurgico foi realizado utilizando pele abdominal do proprio paciente. O paciente apresentou uma boa aparencia pos-operatoria.

Submitted by Núcleo de Pós-Graduação Administração (npgadm@ufba.br) on 2022-07-12T18:50:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Michelle Campos de Almeida.pdf: 4556607 bytes, checksum: 26b9a02c3d7b27a517ae0fb9775099cf (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Angela Dortas (dortas@ufba.br) on 2022-07-19T13:33:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Michelle Campos de Almeida.pdf: 4556607 bytes, checksum: 26b9a02c3d7b27a517ae0fb9775099cf (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-07-19T13:33:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Michelle Campos de Almeida.pdf: 4556607 bytes, checksum: 26b9a02c3d7b27a517ae0fb9775099cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-08-26 Esta pesquisa buscou compreender de que forma a comunicação interna pode contribuir para uma boa gestão das informações e das relações interpessoais em uma Unidade Universitária de uma Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior. O objetivo do estudo foi a proposição de um plano de melhorias, considerando a percepção da sua comunidade. O trabalho utilizou como método o Estudo de caso realizado na Faculdade de Comunicação – FACOM da Universidade Federal da Bahia, a partir de uma pesquisa descritiva-exploratória. Para a execução de uma análise fundamentada, o estudo utilizou a literatura e a triangulação de dados obtidos a partir da análise de documentos da Unidade Universitária, de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com cinco pessoas da organização e do questionário aplicado a docentes, a discentes e a servidores técnico-administrativos, para compreender como as pessoas que integram a FACOM percebem o processo comunicacional e a sua gestão. O diagnóstico obtido demonstra uma boa percepção sobre a sua comunicação interna, além de apontar para uma política de gestão que preza pela transparência nas relações, mesmo que haja alguns ruídos, mas mostra, também, que ainda existem lacunas a serem solucionadas, principalmente em relação ao engajamento nas ações relacionadas à comunicação. Ademais, os resultados demonstram a necessidade de que, antes da elaboração de um plano de comunicação, seja dado um maior foco à troca de conhecimentos, à interação de qualidade, à convergência dos fluxos comunicacionais, à aposta em canais mais interativos de comunicação e ao trabalho em conjunto para que o objetivo de prestar serviço de qualidade à sociedade seja atingido. Conclui-se, portanto, que é fundamental que, para além de uma Comunicação Interna planejada e de um setor estruturado, se pense nos servidores como sujeitos estratégicos e, sobretudo, que sejam realizadas ações integradas que engajem toda a comunidade no aprimoramento dos processos comunicacionais e das relações interpessoais. Tendo em vista o diagnóstico exposto, a dissertação apresenta uma proposta de trabalho, com a finalidade de preparar a Unidade Universitária para o aprimoramento da comunicação interna, e a elaboração de um manual para o Programa de Pós-Graduação da FACOM, com orientações sobre a comunicação interna, os procedimentos e a rotina do setor, de forma que possa servir como base para a elaboração de um manual geral da Unidade Universitária. This research sought to understand how the improvement of internal communication can contribute to a good management of information and interpersonal relationships in a University Unit of a Federal Institution of Higher Education. The objective of the study is to propose an improvement plan, considering the perception of your commu nity about the management of internal communication, administrative communica tion, academic communication and interpersonal communication. The study used the Case Study carried out at the Faculty of Communication – FACOM, at the Federal University of Bahia, as a method, from a descriptive-exploratory research, to esta blish relationships between the variables of analysis of internal communication and to describe their characteristics. To carry out a reasoned analysis, the study used the literature and the triangulation of data obtained from the bibliographical research, the analysis of documents from the University Unit, semi-structured interviews conducted with five key subjects of the organization and the questionnaire applied to professors, students and technical-co-administrative servants, to understand how people who are part of FACOM perceive the communication process and its management. The diagnosis indicates that the community that integrates FACOM has a good percep tion of its internal communication, in addition to pointing to a management policy that values transparency in relations, even if there is some noise, and also shows that there are still gaps in the be solved, mainly in the engagement of people in actions related to communication. Furthermore, the results point to the need that, before the elaboration of a communication plan, a greater focus is given to the exchange of knowledge, to quality interaction, to the convergence of communicational flows, to the bet on more interactive communication channels and to work together so that the objective of providing quality service to society is achieved. It is concluded, therefore, that it is fundamental that, in addition to planned Internal Communication and a struc tured sector, with sufficient staff to meet the demands of quality, we think of servers as strategic subjects for the application of improvements and, above all, that integra ted actions are carried out that engage the entire community in the purpose of impro ving communication processes and interpersonal relationships. In view of the above diagnosis, the dissertation presents a work proposal, with the purpose of preparing the University Unit community for the improvement of internal communication and a manual for the Communication and Contemporary Culture Program, with guidelines on internal communication, the procedures and routine of the sector, so that it can serve as a basis for the elaboration of a manual for FACOM.

Submitted by Maykon Nascimento (maykon.albani@hotmail.com) on 2014-12-16T19:50:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertacao. Francesco Mayer Sias. Texto completo.pdf: 2457778 bytes, checksum: 37c368666319e70228222701f220dc82 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Elizabete Silva (elizabete.silva@ufes.br) on 2014-12-19T18:23:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertacao. Francesco Mayer Sias. Texto completo.pdf: 2457778 bytes, checksum: 37c368666319e70228222701f220dc82 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-19T18:23:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertacao. Francesco Mayer Sias. Texto completo.pdf: 2457778 bytes, checksum: 37c368666319e70228222701f220dc82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 A área da engenharia responsável pelo dimensionamento de estruturas vive em busca da solução que melhor atenderá a vários parâmetros simultâneos como estética, custo, qualidade, peso entre outros. Na prática, não se pode afirmar que o melhor projeto foi de fato executado, pois os projetos são feitos principalmente baseados na experiência do executor, sem se esgotar todas as hipóteses possíveis. É neste sentido que os processos de otimização se fazem necessários na área de dimensionamento de estruturas. É possível obter a partir de um objetivo dado, como o custo, o dimensionamento que melhor atenderá a este parâmetro. Existem alguns estudos nesta área, porém ainda é necessário mais pesquisas. Uma área que vem avançando no estudo de otimização estrutural é o dimensionamento de pilares de acordo com a ABNT NBR 6118:2014 que atenda a uma gama maior de geometrias possíveis. Deve-se também estudar o melhor método de otimização para este tipo de problema dentro dos vários existentes na atualidade. Assim o presente trabalho contempla o embasamento conceitual nos temas de dimensionamento de pilares e métodos de otimização na revisão bibliográfica indicando as referências e métodos utilizados no software de dimensionamento otimizado de pilares, programado com auxílio do software MathLab e seus pacotes, utilizando métodos determinísticos de otimização. Esta pesquisa foi realizada para obtenção do Título de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. The engineering`s area responsible for the design of structures is always in search of solutions that best find the multiple simultaneous parameters like aesthetics, cost, quality, weight and others. In practice, it`s not possible to say that the best design was actually executed, because designs are made mainly based on the experience of the performer, without exhausting all possible hypotheses. It is in this way that the optimization processes are necessary in the area of design of structures. You can get from a given goal, as the cost, the design that will best find this parameter. There are some studies in this area, however, still need further researches. One area that still lacks an optimization process is the design of pillars according to ABNT NBR 6118:2014 that meets a wider range of possible geometries. One should also study the best optimization method for this type of problem within the various existing today. Thus the present work describes the conceptual background in the areas of design of columns and optimization methods in the literature review indicating the references and methods used in the optimal design of columns, programmed with the help of MathLab software packages, using deterministic optimization methods. This survey was conducted to obtain the title of Master in Civil Engineering at the Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.