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Advertisings usually display thin bodies creating and endorsing the beauty standards of the society. Large body size models are sometimes featured in advertisings to show a more inclusive marketing communication. Previous researches have investigated consumer responses to more diverse body sizes in Beauty and Fashion industries ads. This paper aims at investigating advertisement effectiveness, for both print and digital advertisings, through consumer responses (Memorization, Aad, Ab, and Purchase Intention) to body sizes in food advertisements. We used a mixed design study with a between group factor (Media type: Print or Digital) and a within-subject variable (body shape: large, thin or no model), via a folder test procedure. Participants were exposed to a fictive magazine to measure their responses toward advertisements featuring large size model versus thin one. The findings reveal that “large model” advertisements are less effective compared to “thin model” advertisements for Memorization, Attitude towards Ad, and Purchasing Intention. However, participants expressed the same Attitude towards the Brand for both conditions. Moreover, hardly any significant influence of the means of exposure to ads (printed or digital) was found. Despite the latest consumer pertinacity trends on companies to adopt diversity for social reasons; consumers, of the food industry, are still better influenced by thin models when it comes to Memorization, Aad, and PI. Furthermore, this study offers practical and societal implications not only for the experimental design, but also for practitioners to comprehend and utilize the match‐up hypothesis of body size condition needed for their marketing and advertising objectives.

International audience; Financial institutions, investors, mining companies and related firms need an effective accurate forecasting model to examine gold price fluctuations in order to make correct decisions. This paper proposes an innovative approach to accurately forecast gold price movements and to interpret predictions. First, it compares six machine learning models. These models include two very recent methods: the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and CatBoost. The empirical findings indicate the superiority of XGBoost over other advanced machine learning models. Second, it proposes Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) in order to help policy makers to interpret the predictions of complex machine learning models and to examine the importance of various features that affect gold prices. Our results illustrate that the utilization of XGBoost along with SHAP approach could provide a significant boost in increasing the gold price forecasting performance.

International audience; La population enfantine constitue depuis cinquante ans un enjeu économique majeur : elle dispose, très tôt, d’un pouvoir d’achat qui s’accroît rapidement avec l’âge, elle est un prescripteur important au sein de la famille – y compris pour des biens les concernant peu – et elle est souvent le principal vecteur qui fait entrer les innovations au sein des foyers. Comme ce fut le cas pour les deux premières éditions, ce livre ne cherche pas à défendre la représentation idéalisée d’un enfant totalement critique pas plus qu’il n’entend larmoyer avec ceux qui se restreignent à la vision pessimiste d’un enfant manipulé. Il est né d’une volonté de balayer le plus largement possible les problèmes qui touchent aux enfants et à la consommation, ainsi qu’aux actions menées vers eux par les entreprises ; avec une finalité principle : concilier efficacité économique, responsabilité sociale et respect de l’intégrité d’un individu forcément fragile puisqu’en devenir. Les différents points abordés au fil des chapitres le sont par des spécialistes – plusieurs nouveaux auteurs sont d’ailleurs venus apporter leur expertise pour enrichir encore le contenu des deux premières édition – qui s’appuient sur les travaux scientifiques les plus récents en s’efforçant de les rendre accessibles et en utilisant ces savoirs comme grille de lecture pour analyser de nombreux exemples. Tous les auteurs se sont efforcés de faire abstraction du halo affectif si souvent présent dès qu’il est question des enfants, en restant au plus près des savoirs actuels, sans complaisance ou anathème envers quelque acteur que ce soit.Cette troisième édition a été profondément refondue ; si certains points inhérents au statut d’enfant ont en effet peu évolué depuis 2012, d’autres ont connu au contraire de vrais bouleversements au cours des 9 dernières années – c’est par exemple le cas de toutes les occasions qui leur sont données aujourd’hui d’avoir des interactions en ligne, ou encore la place que la consommation socialement responsable a pris dans leur environnement. Il fallait donc impérativement intégrer ces évolutions très fortes dans cette nouvelle édition, et c’est clairement le parti pris qui été choisi pour lui servir de fil conducteur.

International audience; Chester Barnard was an American manager and public administrator who greatly influenced economics and the history of economic thought. Oliver Williamson’s early works were published after Barnard’s death, but the intellectual proximity they show to Herbert Simon, along with the significant influence of John Commons on their analysis, brings them closer. This study investigates Barnard legacy (particularly his work in 1938) in Williamson’s “science of organisation” project by analysing the Barnardian origins of his organisational micro-approach from their complementary theories of cooperation.

International audience; Abstract We introduce nudges in order to incite investors to choose Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) funds instead of traditional funds. We have set up two online experiments with a total of 713 US retail investors, using three types of nudges to elicit their effects on investors’ SRI investments level: making SRI the default investment, introducing a SRI explanation message, and priming ethical values by displaying shocking images. Making SRI the default option is the most efficient nudge to influence investors towards SRI. Its effect is twofold. First, around 50% of investors do not opt-out of the default allocation. Second, even investors who opt-out of the default allocation invest more in SRI than those in the control group, an effect that appears driven by anchoring. Although investors subjected to both priming and message content marginally increase their SRI investment, priming or message content in isolation appears to have a non-significant influence. For choice architects who want to steer retail investors towards SRI funds, making them the default option appears to be the most powerful nudge.

International audience

International audience; Many SMEs still seem reluctant to accept the management of large datasets, which still appear to be too complex for them. However, our study reveals that the majority of small French car dealers are developing Big data and Smart data policies to improve the quality of their offers, the dynamism of their sales and their access to new opportunities. However, not every policy has the same effects on the development of their business. Whereas Big data improves all the components of SME development in a global, short-term and operational way, Smart data presents itself as a more targeted, prospective and strategic approach.

Purpose Buoyed by the desire to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and develop sustainable urban transportation, the dockless bike-sharing industry boomed in China during 2017–2018. To the surprise of the stakeholders, this industry dramatically ebbed in 2019. The dockless bike-sharing system deviated from a problem-solver to a troublemaker in a very short period. The oversupplied and excessively discarded shared bikes caused a big waste of resources and serious pollution to the environment. In this paper, the decision-making of the key players of the industry, i.e. business operators, investors, customers and government, is analyzed through the lens of the cognitive bias. This paper aims to illuminate the process of how this innovative transport solution turned to a disastrous ending, which caused damage to urban environment and financial loss to investors. Design/methodology/approach In this study, a qualitative analysis based on the rich secondary data sources is conducted. A rich amount of qualitative data including news reports, government policies, consulting reports and companies’ annual reports etc. were collected. Findings The study shows, in the product introduction period, the government, business operators, investors and consumers fell into the cognitive bias. They over focused on the positive side such as high-tech, eco-friendly, convenient image of the dockless bike-sharing solution. Thereby, the key stakeholders made irrational decisions in product adoption and management. This study moves toward increasing key stakeholders’ awareness of the imperative to reduce these biases when promoting eco-innovations. This study also recommends a prudent attitude with a rational and comprehensive thinking style in dealing with eco-innovation and the emerging sharing economy. Originality/value To solve the cognitive biases, this study recommends that people use rational decision-making style to examine and adopt the dockless bike-sharing solutions. Practical recommendations to tackle the existing recycling crisis of the dockless bike-sharing industry are also discussed.

International audience

This paper studies the relationship between CEO elite education and firm hedging decisions. It uses the particular specificities of the French post-secondary educational institutions to examine the effect of CEO educational background on the use of foreign currency derivatives. The results show a positive and significant relationship between education quality and derivatives use. Neither the level nor the type of education has any significant effect. The results also show that the use of derivatives enhances firm performance only when CEOs are from elite institutions. These results are robust to a battery of tests that involve alternative estimation techniques, the use of different subsamples, additional control variables, and control for endogeneity and selection bias.

International audience

International audience; This study examines the interdependence of relational strategies and data management policies of SMEs during product innovation. The type of data management developed by a small firm to support its innovation efforts requires it to engage in competitive, vertical cooperative or coopetitive relationships. An empirical study of 109 leaders of French high-tech SMEs provides a descriptive and explanatory analysis of this question. This empirical study combines three theoretical dimensions: the characteristics of a Big Data policy, of an innovation product and of a relational strategy. We enrich the existing knowledge concerning the exploitation of data by SMEs by presenting a typology of their data strategies. We also find that Big data and Smart data policies are deployed by SMEs to support product innovation. Finally, we show that SMEs implement data management individually to support radical product innovation but will collaborate to support incremental product innovation. The nature of the data innovation guides the relational context of the SME. This study deepens the interdependence of data management and relational strategies among SMEs.

A base-stock inventory system for perishables with Markovian demand and general lead-time and lifetime distributions is investigated. Using a queueing network model, we derive explicit expressions of the stationary distribution of the inventory state together with the total expected cost in a base-stock system with lost-sales. Next, we show some monotonicity properties of the cost function and propose a procedure to derive the optimal base-stock. Extensions to the backorders case and to a dual-sourcing system with multiple warehouses are also provided. Our results generalize existing ones from the literature where the lifetime and the lead-time follow either deterministic or exponential distributions. Finally, we investigate the effect of the lifetime and lead-time variability on the system cost and the optimal base-stock level. In particular, we show the substantial errors made when assuming deterministic or exponential distributions for the lifetime. This further shows the need to have results beyond exponential or deterministic assumptions.

This paper revisits the exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) for a set of transition economies, namely for 10 new EU Member States (NMS), over the period 1996–2015. As the transition process has entailed a deep transformation in their economies and institutions, the extent of pass-through is expected to be regime-dependent on this changing macroeconomic environment. We propose to implement a nonlinear panel smooth transition regression (PSTR) approach, where transitional factors related to EU accession are captured properly from the data. Our empirical results suggest that the inflation regime is the main macroeconomic driver of the extent of ERPT. When inflation levels exceed the threshold of 4.56 % , i.e., within a high-inflation environment, the degree of pass-through is higher and reaches a full ERPT. However, with the shift towards a stable and low-inflation regime, i.e., when inflation levels are below a threshold of 4.56 % , the extent of pass-through significantly declines in the NMS group. Our findings shed further light on how the credibility gained through the commitment to euro area membership is beneficial and would ensure better control of inflation.

International audience; This paper provides an analysis of crude oil, diesel, and gasoline prices for the period from November 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. We apply Log Periodic Power-Law Singularity (LPPLS) and Discrete Scale LPPLS bubble indicators to explore the dynamic bubbles of oil prices and predict their crash times. The results indicate that West Texas Light crude oil and North Sea Brent crude oil experienced a statistically significant negative financial bubble during the COVID-19 outbreak. In addition, gasoline and diesel prices are mainly driven by fundamentals. Our findings are expected to be useful to oil market investors, policymakers, and energy experts.

International audience; L’opération de spin-off s’apparente à une scission partielle, et s’analyse comme une stratégie à multiples détentes d’un point de vue comptable et financier. La maison mère se sépare de l’une de ses activités, dont les actions vont être introduites sur le marché. C’est l’occasion pour elle de préparer minutieusement l’opération du point de vue de la gestion des résultats comptables de la société scindée. Mais c’est aussi éventuellement pour elle la possibilité d’utiliser le spin-off comme instrument de gestion de sa décote boursière due à sa diversification, et comme outil de création de valeur. En plus d’un point sur la littérature comptable et financière relative aux spin-offs, un modèle général propose une vision intégrée des processus de spin-off qui est nécessaire et manquante actuellement.

International audience

International audience

International audience; By volume, finance professionals make most financial decisions. However, the experimental literature on risk preferences generally uses students in the lab. If these two groups present systematic differences, the transposition of the experimental results to the real world might be compromised. We investigated whether the risk preferences of wealth advisers differ from those of students in the lab and students in an online experiment. The risk aversion and probability weighting of these groups do not differ significantly. However, male wealth advisers are more loss averse than both samples of male students before considering age. After controlling for age, we find that female wealth advisers are less loss averse than female students. Therefore, we advise some prudence when generalizing experimental results obtained from students to finance professionals for situations in which losses are important. The direct transposition of experimental results from students to finance professionals does not call for such caution when dealing with decisions in the gain domain.

International audience

International audience

International audience

Consumers can use alternative methods to interact with or access a brand through their mobile devices. They can type a response using a touchscreen keyboard (touch interaction) or use voice response while holding a mobile device (combined voice and touch interaction). In this study, we look at the impact of these different types of interaction on personal engagement and the effect on brand trust as relevant concerns to managers in the digital, mediated context. Using a framework based on sensory marketing and Dual Coding Theory, we conducted 2 one-way between-subjects experiments with a two-level interface interaction considering a hedonic product (Experiment 1) and utilitarian product (Experiment 2). Findings confirm a three-way interaction such that the impact of privacy concern on the relationship between personal engagement and trust depends on the nature of the platform interaction; touch vs. combined touch and voice. We also find that adding voice to the platform interface has the counterintuitive effect of reducing engagement with that platform. All in all, our results provide novel insights into the role of touch and voice in the online context when it comes to consumers' decision-making.

International audience

Urban composting is currently booming, especially thanks to the new outlets that urban agriculture offers for organic materials. Faced with the challenges of the sustainable city of tomorrow, this practice, whether individual or collective, engages citizens and offers a decentralized response with positive impacts for the environment and for neighborhood social relations. Its success involves making material available in a common space, a communication system and support from residents’ initiatives. Technical, ecological, agricultural, economic and social aspects must be considered to ensure its success, while scientific knowledge is essential to inform, overcome certain obstacles and ensure the quality of this urban form of production.

International audience; Abstract :For many Western consumers, the consumption of insects is often associated with a primitive and disgusting behavior. The exploratory studies conducted on adult European consumers, reveal many obstacles and motivations for this type of consumption. We have tried to understand the perception of children through a qualitative study conducted on 44 French children aged between 6 and 12. The aim of our study is to understand the perception of children through the study of brakes and motivations for insect consumption.

International audience; To elucidate the favorable conditions for knowledge sharing through Enterprise Social Network (ESN), a qualitative study was conducted to identify benefits of ESN converts. Results highlight that the virtues of the servant leader seem to play a major role in overcoming barriers to sharing knowledge as well as several dimensions of eudaimonic well-being.

Traditional retailers are facing the competition of new actors born in the internet world. Whereas those physical retailers try to expand online, the virtual operators recognize the need to develop a physical presence in the marketplace. Models of marketing channels are used to implement distribution strategies in physical stores, and the concept of multisided platform is now classically referred to for internet operations. How can those diverging theoretical frames be combined to help managers in their strategic decisions ?, Les distributeurs physiques sont confrontés à la concurrence d'acteurs issus du monde de l'internet. Tandis que les distributeurs physiques cherchent à développer leurs activités en ligne, les acteurs de l'internet ont perçu la nécessité de développer une présence physique sur leurs marchés. Les choix stratégiques des distributeurs historiques s'appuient sur les modèles théoriques du canal de distribution, tandis que les stratégies en ligne ont fait émerger la théorie des plates-formes multilatérales. Ces cadres théoriques différents peuvent-ils être rapprochés pour éclairer la prise de décision stratégique des managers ?

International audience; Research identifies lack of role models as one of the main causes of the lack of female senior managers. However, recent articles point to negative outcomes of female role modeling and even outright rejection by women of female senior managers as relevant role models. The authors seek to provide insight to this phenomenon by mobilizing concepts of career success and gender. They conclude that the definition of a successful career should not be reduced to objective indicators such as hierarchical progress but should include aspects of subjective career success, particularly work–life balance. An analysis of gendered dynamics within organizations leads to general questioning of the definitions of worker and managerial efficiency and the development of a model of role model dynamics that in turn suggests some research directions and key implications for human resource practitioners.

The aim of this paper is to test empirically the conditional liquidity-adjusted capital asset pricing model (L-CAPM) developed by Acharya and Pedersen (2005). Accordingly, we propose to estimate the L-CAPM using unobserved components methodology, which allows us to take into account the main stylized facts characterizing liquidity. Based on a sample of firms listed on the NASDAQ, our empirical analysis reveals several findings. Firstly, we show that liquidity is time-varying and exhibits strong seasonality. Secondly, we highlight the impact of the liquidity level premium on asset prices. Thirdly, we show that the most important liquidity risk is related to the covariance between portfolio illiquidity and market returns. Fourthly, we observe a negative relationship between portfolio returns and market illiquidity. Fifthly, we find that liquidity risk and illiquidity level are not always positively correlated.

International audience; This article stems from qualitative research on knowledge sharing through an Enterprise Social Network (ESN). The study was carried out in collaboration with a leading multinational company in the IT sector. We resume the results of the study by focusing on engagement in the ESN as a conversion process founded on the virtuous traits of individuals within the organization as manifestations of compassionate Love. These traits are in accordance with the virtues of the Servant Leader. The ESN based on compassionate Love contributes to the success of the company by making employees grow within it, by serving and being served. Thus, by mobilizing the virtues of the Servant Leader, organizational values and the perception of the psychological climate, our motivation is to propose a conceptual framework that promotes the conversion process to the adoption of ESNs.

International audience; Les grandes entreprises sont soumises à des enjeux sociétaux qui menacent leur développement. Pour assurer leur pérennité, certaines décident de développer des partenariats diversifiés avec des organisations non-gouvernementales (ONG). A partir d'une étude de cas approfondie, nous identifions différents types de contributions des partenariats ONG-entreprise à la stratégie d'une multinationale. Au niveau corporatif, ils participent au pilotage des activités stratégiques de l'entreprise, et au niveau business, ils contribuent de façon complémentaire au déploiement des différents modèles d'affaires. Ces résultats permettent de repenser la contribution des ONG à la stratégie de l'entreprise à travers le concept de portefeuille de partenariats ONG-entreprise. Abstract: Large companies have to deal with societal challenges that threaten their development. To survive, some decide to develop diversified partnerships with non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Drawing on an in-depth case study, we identify different types of contributions of business-NGO partnerships to a multinational's strategy. At the corporate level, they participate in the management of the company's strategic activities, and at the business level, they contribute in a complementary way to the implementation of the various business models. These results open a renewed reflection on the contribution of NGOs to the company's strategy through the concept of business-NGO partnerships portfolio.

Dans un contexte d’innovation impactant durablement un secteur d’activite, la prospective des metiers represente une demarche a considerer pour anticiper au mieux les evolutions possibles en termes d’emplois et de competences. Lorsque le secteur impacte est tres ancre au sein d’un territoire, une telle demarche doit mobiliser les parties prenantes qui permettront de piloter les actions en lien avec les evolutions. Cet article se propose d’explorer le role envisage du manager public au cœur d’une demarche de prospective des metiers au sein d’un territoire, au travers d’une etude menee en Region Centre-Val de Loire dans le cadre d’un projet d’innovation therapeutique « Ambition Recherche et Developpement 2020 – Biomedicaments ». Nos resultats conduisent a preciser le role de traduction qu’est susceptible d’endosser le manager public (Desmarais et Abord de Châtillon, 2010) pour piloter, coordonner les actions de l’ensemble des parties prenantes au sein de son territoire, dans cette demarche de GRH territoriale.

La co-création, c’est-à-dire l’implication des clients dans les phases de création de nouveaux produits, est de plus en plus considérée comme une stratégie efficace pour améliorer le taux de réussite de nouveaux services. Cependant, de nombreuses entreprises demeurent réticentes à co-créer avec leurs clients. Dès lors une question se pose : pourquoi certaines entreprises sont-elles plus disposées à co-créer des services alors que d’autres le sont moins ? Les résultats d’une étude quantitative menée auprès de 175 prestataires de services indiquent que les principaux facteurs explicatifs de la prédisposition à co-créer sont les bénéfices-clients attendus par une entreprise. La perception de ces bénéfices-clients est essentiellement influencée par les facteurs relationnels tels que les outils collaboratifs et la confiance inter-organisationnelle.

Online configuration tool kits present attractive opportunities for creating customized offers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relevance of both the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) and the experiential learning theory to understand how configuration contributes to provide value for end users. The qualitative survey shows that the TAM needs to be adapted to the case of configurators by measuring both perceived usefulness (PU) of the configured product and PU and ease of use of the configurator itself. The study shows the relevance of experiential learning theory as an antecedent of the TAM. A model summarizing our observations is proposed and discussed.

This paper investigates the presence of asymmetric volatility dynamics in Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, and Litecoin. Asymmetric effects between good and bad news are traditionally modeled using threshold GARCH models that allow only for two possible variance regimes. We experiment a slightly flexible specification for the conditional variance by using a Smooth Transition GARCH (ST-GARCH) model, where a continuum of intermediate states is allowed between the two extreme volatility regimes. We feature an inverted asymmetric reaction for the majority of cryptocurrencies. The presence of positive return-volatility relationship, which is different from other traditional assets, supports the safe-haven hypothesis in cryptocurrencies.

The continuous review base-stock policy under the lost sales assumption has been extensively studied in the inventory literature. However, most of the research that deals with the optimal policy parameter determination under compound Poisson demand focuses on the stuttering Poisson case. In this paper, we extend earlier research by providing a method that calculates the best cost-driven base-stock policy under more general compound Poisson demand processes and for both the complete and the partial rejection case. This is done by developing a simple recursive formula that computes the steady-state probabilities of the number of outstanding orders for general demand and lead-time distributions. Based on this, we are able to obtain the optimal base-stock level under the complete rejection case and an approximate base-stock level under the partial rejection policy. Through a numerical investigation, we show that our approach outperforms existing methods with regard to computational requirements.

International audience

Le journal de bord du chercheur est un outil au service de la rechercha alors de phases d'observation. Il consiste en un document (physique ou numérique) dans lequel le chercheur consigne un ensemble d'informations: « à propos de lui-même, ses pensées, ses réflexions, ses réactions, la qualité des rapports lors de ses premiers contacts avec le/les sites de rechercheainsi qu'avec les personnes impliquées. On y retrouve aussi des notes qui ont trait à la dimension méthodologique » (Mucchielli, 2009, p. 130). Sorte de « mémoire vive » du chercheur, l'utilisation du journal de bord souffre toutefois d'une vision souvent simpliste où le rôle de cet outil n’est pas suffisamment pensé pour constituer un véritable appui au travail de construction scientifique. Ce chapitre considère que le journal de bord du chercheur doit trouver une place plus importante dans le processus de construction théorique. Par conséquent, il propose une forme particulière de journal, appelée journal de bord sibyllique. Outre la proposition de structuration et systématisation de la rédaction du journal de bord, cet outil intègre une dimension prédictive des observations à venir visant une meilleure construction théorique ainsi qu'une réflexivité plus aboutie.

International audience

International audience; Cette recherche porte sur le rôle de la mise en réseau des PME dans le déploiement d'actions liées à l'égalité professionnelle femmes-hommes. La réalisation d'une étude de cas exploratoire au sein d'un réseau territorial d'organisations (le CREPI Touraine) a permis de mettre en évidence tous les bienfaits à collaborer autour de l'égalité professionnelle femmes-hommes dans le cadre d'une GRH territoriale. Les résultats invitent à passer d'une vision instrumentale à une vision partenariat pour agir en faveur de cette thématique.

International audience

International audience; The impairment of quality of life experienced by patients treated with chronic hemodialysis results from many factors, including the care environment. Current regulations have significantly improved reception and treatment conditions for patients, but perhaps insufficient attention has been paid to the noise nuisance associated with dialysis equipment. We therefore found it useful to conduct a study on acoustic parameters in the dialysis room, and to evaluate the effects on perceived quality of life of an acoustic treatment intended to reduce the level of ambient noise. After measurements carried out under standard conditions, adapted noise absorption (devices panels and trellis) were installed in a treatment room of 8 posts hosting 32 volunteer patients, and their effects evaluated by a quality of life questionnaire administered 3 times (before, at the end of one week, and after the removal of the devices), each patient being his own witness. Measurements of ambient noise during dialysis periods and numerical modeling of the room were performed in parallel in order to search for correlations between the subjective changes expressed by the patients and the quantitative noise criteria. The results show that such devices can significantly reduce the perceived acoustic discomfort and their consequences (headaches), and suggest that these improvements are due to the frequential homogenization of the reverberation time in the room and the reduction of the low frequency components induced by the different sources of noise identified.

Ce chapitre a pour objectif d'expliciter le processus d'analyse des relations. Après avoir présenté le rôle de l'analyse des relations dans les recherches qualitatives, nous soulignerons les enjeux méthodologiques liés à cette dernière. Nous montrerons alors comment cette question est appréhendée dans deux démarches méthodologiques : les analyses de contenu thématiques (Bardin, 2013 ; Miles et al., 2014) et la théorisation enracinée (Glaser, 1992 ; Glaser et Strauss, 1967 ; Strauss et Corbin, 1998, 2004). Après avoir souligné les limites inhérentes à l'analyse des relations dans ces deux méthodes, nous proposerons une démarche d'analyse des relations.

International audience; Le développement du numérique s'est accompagné, dans les industries culturelles, comme dans tous les autres secteurs, de transformations profondes. Le plus souvent, cette révolution est présentée comme celle des modes de consommation (dé-linéarisation et dématérialisation), des formes de monétisation (gratuité, abonnement) et des chaînes de valeur. Mais il s'agit aussi d'une révolution de l'organisation du secteur où les vecteurs des transformations ne se réduisent pas aux nouvelles plateformes de l'internet mais sont aussi des nouveaux intermédiaires techniques qui s'insèrent à tous les niveaux de la chaîne de valeur grâce à des investissements, des équipements et des compétences inédites dans le monde du cinéma qui s'opèrent aussi bien au niveau de la production, de la post-production ou de la distribution. L'article s'appuie sur plusieurs cas emblématiques au plan mondial (Weta Digital, DreamWorks, Ymagis, Bollywood et UFO Moviez) qui montrent comment les nouvelles formes d'intervention portées par la technologie remettent concrètement en cause les modes de fonctionnement profonds des filières culturelles tout autant que leurs contours.

International audience; Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the economy, but their specific status brings several difficulties that large firms do not have to face. Among others, the literature underlines a market gap in SME consultancy services, with a weak demand from SME managers. The aim of this article is to understand actual SMEs' "practices and perceptions" of the consultancy market and thus to provide some recommendations about how external consultants could adapt their services to foster, meet, and maintain the demand of SMEs. The research focuses on actors located in the department of Drôme, France. Descriptive statistics from a questionnaire and a cluster analysis highlight the role played by a long-lasting relationship and a specialisation in the sector of activity of the SME. Trust, experience and expertise seem to be the keywords. Consultants have to be able to provide unique and creative solutions that are strictly linked to the consultants' commitment of gaining SMEs' trust and building strong ties and networking in order to overcome the distrust and autonomy propensity of SMEs.

International audience; The business model (BM) concept has become a major area of interest in Management literature, leading to the publication of a host of literature reviews and essays aimed at synthesizing and interpreting the development of BM research. Yet these general analyses have largely neglected the specificities of the two main disciplines in which the BM concept is anchored: Strategic Management and Innovation & Entrepreneurship. Accordingly, this article seeks to explore the intellectual roots and current trends of these disciplines to refine our understanding of the development of the BM literature. We draw on a mixed bibliometric analysis based on two samples of respectively 208 and 345 articles published in Strategic Management and Innovation & Entrepreneurship. This analysis enables us to compare the theoretical pillars (co-citation analysis) and research fronts (bibliographic coupling analysis) of BM research in these two foundational disciplines. Our results suggest a certain homogeneity within both the theoretical pillars of the disciplines and the incremental diversification of their research fronts. In light of these findings, we consider the future of the BM literature and accordingly propose a twofold developmental strategy for it.

International audience

International audience; There are strong expectations towards research spin-offs, but insufficient empirical evidence still exists on the determinants of growth of such companies. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the debate on growth -or non-growth- of research spin-offs through a focus on Italy. A resource-based perspective is adopted for identifying the crucial determinants of competitive advantage of these companies, and an OLS regression analysis is performed to assess the impact of initial resources on growth in revenues and employees. Our analysis highlights unexpected results about the involvement of industrial partners, venture capitalists, size of IPRs’ portfolio at founding and previous experience of the promoting partners.; Il existe de fortes attentes en ce qui concerne les entreprises spin-off de la recherche, mais il existe encore peu d’évidence empirique sur les déterminants de la croissance de ces entreprises. L'objectif de cet article est de contribuer au débat sur la croissance -ou la non-croissance- des entreprises spin-off de la recherche en mettant l'accent sur l'Italie. Une perspective basée sur les ressources est adoptée pour identifier les déterminants cruciaux de l'avantage concurrentiel de ces entreprises, et une analyse de régression OLS est effectuée pour évaluer l'impact des ressources initiales sur la croissance des revenus et des employés. Notre analyse met en évidence des résultats inattendus concernant la participation de partenaires industriels, de capital-risqueurs, la taille du portefeuille de DPI à la fondation et l'expérience antérieure des partenaires de promotion.