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IntroductionRefractory/relapsed pediatric acute leukemia are still clinically challenging and new therapeutic strategies are needed. Interactions between Natural Killer Group 2D (NKG2D) receptor, expressed in cytotoxic immune cells, and its ligands (NKG2DL), which are upregulated in leukemic blasts, are important for anti-leukemia immunosurveillance. Nevertheless, leukemia cells may develop immunoescape strategies as NKG2DL shedding and/or downregulation.MethodsIn this report, we analyzed the anti-leukemia activity of NKG2D chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) redirected memory (CD45RA-) T cells in vitro and in a murine model of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). We also explored in vitro how soluble NKG2DL (sNKG2DL) affected NKG2D-CAR T cells’ cytotoxicity and the impact of NKG2D-CAR T cells on Jurkat cells gene expression and in vivo functionality.ResultsIn vitro, we found NKG2D-CAR T cells targeted leukemia cells and showed resistance to the immunosuppressive effects exerted by sNKG2DL. In vivo, NKG2D-CAR T cells controlled T cell leukemia burden and increased survival of the treated mice but failed to cure the animals. After CAR T cell treatment, Jurkat cells upregulated genes related to proliferation, survival and stemness, and in vivo, they exhibited functional properties of leukemia initiating cells.DiscussionThe data here presented suggest, that, in combination with other therapeutic approaches, NKG2D-CAR T cells could be a novel treatment for pediatric T-ALL.

The field of pharmacogenetics (PGx) holds great promise in advancing personalized medicine by adapting treatments based on individual genetic profiles. Despite its benefits, there are still economic, ethical and institutional barriers that hinder its implementation in our healthcare environment. A retrospective analysis approach of anonymized data sourced from electronic health records was performed, encompassing a diverse patient population and evaluating key parameters such as prescribing patterns and test results, to assess the impact of pharmacogenetic testing. A head-to-head comparison with previously published activity results within the same pharmacogenetic laboratory was also conducted to contrast the progress made after 10 years. The analysis revealed significant utilization of pharmacogenetic testing in daily clinical practice, with 1,145 pharmacogenetic tests performed over a 1-year period and showing a 35% growth rate increase over time. Of the 17 different medical departments that sought PGx tests, the Oncology department accounted for the highest number, representing 58.47% of all genotyped patients. A total of 1,000 PGx tests were requested for individuals susceptible to receive a dose modification based on genotype, and 76 individuals received a genotype-guided dose adjustment. This study presents a comprehensive descriptive analysis of real-world data obtained from a public tertiary hospital laboratory specialized in pharmacogenetic testing, and presents data that strongly endorse the integration of pharmacogenetic testing into everyday clinical practice.

Various commercial fish species utilize different coastal habitats as nurseries in their juvenile stages, with surf zones being particularly crucial due to the protection and abundant food resources they offer. Among the species that rely on these areas are the spotted seabass (Dicentrarchus punctatus) and the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). This study aimed to investigate the age and feeding habits of surf zone specimens of these species and explore their environmental adaptations. The average size for D. punctatus was 16.94 ± 4.05 cm, and for D. labrax, it was 23.23 ± 6.30 cm. The length–weight relationship for D. punctatus was TW = 0.013*TL2.885 (parameter a: 95% CI: 0.012–0.014; parameter b: 95% CI: 2.854–2.917), and for D. labrax, it was TW = 0.008*TL3.095 (parameter a: 95% CI: 0.006–0.009; parameter b: 95% CI: 3.040–3.151). In both D. punctatus (79.20%) and D. labrax (75.92%), the predominant age classes were 1+ and 2+. Significant variations in age class abundance were observed in D. punctatus based on the time of day, lunar phase, and season, while D. labrax showed variations only by season. A diet analysis revealed that both species primarily consume mysids and fish, with D. punctatus showing dietary variations related to the time of day, lunar phase, and season, and D. labrax showing variations with the time of day and season.

Honey is a natural sweetener made by bees that exhibits antimicrobial activity, mainly related to its H2O2 content. The aim of this work was to research the H2O2 concentration of 24 Spanish honeys from different botanical origins, studying their possible correlation with glucose oxidase (GOx), catalase (CAT), and anti-Staphylococcus aureus activities (minimal inhibition concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), and percentage of inhibition at 5% (w/v) honey against Staphylococcus aureus), as well as possible correlations among all the analyzed parameters. The results showed that the H2O2 concentration did not depend on the botanical origin of the honeys. There were neither correlations between the H2O2 concentration and the activities of GOx and CAT, nor between GOx and antimicrobial activity. However, CAT and antimicrobial activities were positively correlated. Therefore, CAT could be successfully used as a possible marker of the antimicrobial activity of honeys against Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, a linear regression model has been fitted to explain the antimicrobial activity from CAT and GOx activity and H2O2 concentration. Although H2O2 is one of the compounds involved in honey’s antibacterial activity, this capacity also strongly depends on other honey components (such as low water activity, acidity, osmolarity, and phenolic compounds). The very high anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity exhibited by all samples could be interesting for commercial honey-based formulations also helping to promote local beekeeping.

Objetivo: Describir las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de los pacientes con leucemia linfocítica aguda atendidos en el Hospital Nacional de Niños “Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera”, que recibieron radioterapia externa, durante el periodo de enero de 2009 a diciembre de 2017. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo. Se revisaron retrospectivamente los expedientes clínicos de pacientes pediátricos (0-13 años) con leucemia linfocítica aguda, que recibieron radioterapia externa en el periodo mencionado. Se aplicó un análisis estadístico descriptivo de las variables cualitativas y cuantitativas. Resultados: Se analizó un total de 58 pacientes, de estos el 79,3% fueron hombres. La edad promedio fue de 7,3 años. El 84,2% fueron clasificados como L1, 84,2% con inmunofenotipo B común y el 56,9% eran grupo de alto riesgo al diagnóstico. La principal indicación de radioterapia fue recaída (67,7%). Aproximadamente la mitad se irradió a sistema nervioso central y la otra mitad a testículos. Los principales efectos adversos fueron cutáneos. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos fueron comparables con los reportados en la literatura. La radioterapia es importante en el tratamiento de leucemias, especialmente en pacientes de recaída y de alto riesgo.

Este artículo explora y analiza la inseguridad ciudadana frente a la delincuencia en Chile, especialmente la vinculada con los llamados delitos de mayor connotación social (DMCS). El diseño metodológico fue de corriente cuantitativa y de tipo analítico-transeccional, utilizando técnicas descriptivas e inferenciales con datos de la Encuesta Nacional Urbana de Seguridad Ciudadana (ENUSC) del año 2019. Los principales hallazgos fueron que los DMCS tienen una marcada preponderancia en el temor ciudadano a la delincuencia; segundo, que en el interior de esta tipología las personas se ven muy expuestas a los DMCS contra la persona, especialmente los robos con violencia y por sorpresa y, tercero, que la inseguridad es un fenómeno transversal entre grupos de comparación. Las conclusiones destacan el carácter polimorfo de la inseguridad, un sentimiento que puede ser afectado por diversas fuentes y tiene sus propias dinámicas.

Los niños presentan mayor morbimortalidad que los adultos en lista de espera a trasplante de órganos, teniendo además una gran dificultad para la obtención de donantes. La donación en asistolia controlada pediátrica (DACp) podría mejorar las opciones de trasplante de muchos pacientes. No obstante, dado que precisa modificar algunos aspectos de la asistencia médica antes de la muerte del donante, expertos bioeticistas y profesionales sanitarios han expresado reservas y dudas deontológicas no suficientemente debatidas. Este trabajo expone las cuestiones bioéticas con mayor relevancia en la práctica clínica y que deberían ser consideradas a fin de respetar los principios éticos de la donación.

Reseñas de libros

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 viral load has been related to COVID-19 severity. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viremia and SNPs in genes previously studied by our group as predictors of COVID-19 severity.Materials and methodsRetrospective observational study including 340 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the University Hospital La Princesa between March 2020 and December 2021, with at least one viremia determination. Positive viremia was considered when viral load was above the quantifiable threshold (20 copies/ml). A total of 38 SNPs were genotyped. To study their association with viremia a multivariate logistic regression was performed.ResultsThe mean age of the studied population was 64.5 years (SD 16.6), 60.9% patients were male and 79.4% white non-Hispanic. Only 126 patients (37.1%) had at least one positive viremia. After adjustment by confounders, the presence of the minor alleles of rs2071746 (HMOX1; T/T genotype OR 9.9 p

Este artículo explora los resultados de la Evaluación Docente en Chile durante la última década, especialmente los del portafolio docente y sus subdimensiones. Los resultados muestran que, durante los últimos años, ha incrementado el desempeño insatisfactorio en la evaluación docente, principalmente entre profesores de sexo masculino y que enseñan Historia. En cuanto al portafolio, es el instrumento con los resultados promedio más bajos cada año, especialmente, sus indicadores de énfasis curricular y uso del error para el aprendizaje. La regresión logística binaria indica que el perfil más favorable para un adecuado desempeño en este instrumento se vincula con el sexo femenino, la enseñanza media y el subsector de matemáticas. Las conclusiones discuten el rol y utilidad del portafolio en la Evaluación Docente y la política educativa.

El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer lineamientos para el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento crítico y las características del liderazgo docente a través de prácticas con perspectiva de género en la formación inicial docente. Para lograr este objetivo, realizamos una revisión documental basada en un diseño de investigación cualitativo, con la cual se lleva a cabo un análisis exhaustivo de artículos científicos y capítulos de libros reportados en la literatura especializada. Los hallazgos indican una vinculación conceptual de las variables aquí analizadas, por lo que es plausible la articulación entre los lineamientos para una inclusión exitosa y las características de los docentes líderes como mecanismo para promover habilidades de pensamiento crítico y la reducción del sesgo de género en las instituciones educativas. Se concluye que las seis directrices postuladas en este trabajo son alcanzables, están bien sustentadas por la literatura existente, requieren la participación activa de la comunidad académica y pueden servir como herramienta para abrir un debate crítico y transformador en los entornos educativos.

Objective: Maresin 1 (MaR1) is a docosahexaenoic acid-derived proresolving lipid mediator with insulin-sensitizing and anti-steatosis properties. Here, we aim to unravel MaR1 actions on brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation and white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. Methods: MaR1 actions were tested in cultured murine brown adipocytes and in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC)-derived adipocytes. In vivo effects of MaR1 were tested in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and lean WT and Il6 knockout (Il6−/−) mice. Results: In cultured differentiated murine brown adipocytes, MaR1 reduces the expression of inflammatory genes, while stimulates glucose uptake, fatty acid utilization and oxygen consumption rate, along with the upregulation of mitochondrial mass and genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function and the thermogenic program. In Leucine Rich Repeat Containing G Protein-Coupled Receptor 6 (LGR6)-depleted brown adipocytes using siRNA, the stimulatory effect of MaR1 on thermogenic genes was abrogated. In DIO mice, MaR1 promotes BAT remodeling, characterized by higher expression of genes encoding for master regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis and function and iBAT thermogenic activation, together with increased M2 macrophage markers. In addition, MaR1-treated DIO mice exhibit a better response to cold-induced BAT activation. Moreover, MaR1 induces a beige adipocyte signature in inguinal WAT of DIO mice and in hMSC-derived adipocytes. MaR1 potentiates Il6 expression in brown adipocytes and BAT of cold exposed lean WT mice. Interestingly, the thermogenic properties of MaR1 were abrogated in Il6−/− mice. Conclusions: These data reveal MaR1 as a novel agent that promotes BAT activation and WAT browning by regulating thermogenic program in adipocytes and M2 polarization of macrophages. Moreover, our data suggest that LGR6 receptor is mediating MaR1 actions on brown adipocytes, and that IL-6 is required for the thermogenic effects of MaR1.

Este artículo explora, mediante análisis estadísticos descriptivos e inferenciales, los perfiles de postulantes y matriculados en programas de pedagogía sobre la base de sus atributos socioeconómicos y de trayectoria escolar, con información reportada del proceso de admisión a las universidades chilenas del año 2020. Dentro de los principales hallazgos se observa, junto a su histórica presencia femenina, una predominancia de estudiantes que, exhibiendo un buen desempeño escolar durante la enseñanza media, no logran refrendar dicho comportamiento en las pruebas de admisión universitaria. En las conclusiones se destaca que los programas de pedagogía, pese a las nuevas disposiciones y políticas de incentivo, no han sido capaces de atraer a estudiantes académicamente más talentosos.

Construction stakeholders plan to guarantee the success of projects. Still, the results frequently are different in quality, time, or costs. The disruptions are frequent, and the stakeholders must be ready to react promptly to changes while keeping competitiveness and sustainability. This goal requires proper construction education. Based on diverse civil engineering and architecture programs, the article evaluates if current construction education includes past knowledge, notions of sustainability, and global matters to allow its participants to identify challenges and risks, giving them the tools to act appropriately. The results show different construction education perspectives. Some are very advanced, and others are not. The Venezuelan case is a reference to link theory and practice in the construction sector. Incorporating critical analysis and comparisons with data and cases from diverse successes, disruptions, or errors is presented as education innovation to support this industry's competitiveness and sustainability.

The effects of climate change and the rapid growth of societies often lead to water scarcity and inadequate water quality, resulting in a significant number of diseases. The digitalization of infrastructure and the use of Digital Twins are presented as alternatives for optimizing resources and the necessary infrastructure in the water cycle. This paper presents a framework for the development of a Digital Twin platform for a wastewater treatment plant, based on a microservices architecture which optimized its design for edge computing implementation. The platform aims to optimize the operation and maintenance processes of the plant’s systems, by employing machine learning techniques, process modeling and simulation, as well as leveraging the information contained in BIM models to support decision-making.

Many models of virus propagation in Computer Networks inspired by epidemic disease propagation mathematical models that can be found in the epidemiology field (SIS, SIR, SIRS, etc.) have been proposed in the last two decades. The purpose of these models has been to determine the conditions under which a virus becomes rapidly extinct in a network. The most common models of virus propagation in networks are SIS-type models or their variants. In such models, the conditions that lead to a rapid extinction of the spread of a computer virus have been calculated and its dependence on some parameters inherent to the mathematical model has been observed. In this article, we will try to analyze a particular SIS-type model proposed in the past by Chakrabarti as well as an SIRS-type variation of this model proposed in the past by myself. I will show through simulations the influence that the topology of a network has on the dynamics of the spread of a virus in different network types. In the recent past, there have been interesting articles that demonstrate the relationship between the eigenvalue λ1 of the adjacency matrix and the reduction in the spread of a virus in a network. From this, the minimization of the spectral radius strategies by edge suppression has been proposed. This problem is NP-complete in its general case and for this reason, heuristic algorithms have been proposed. In this article, I will perform simulations of an SIS-type model in topologies with the same number of nodes but with different structures to compare their epidemic behavior. The simulations will show that regular topologies with small node degrees, i.e., of degree 4, as is the case of the topology that I call Lattice4, have favorable behavior in terms of the fast extinction property, with respect to other denser and less regular topologies such as the binomial topologies as well as Power law topologies. Based on the results of the simulations, my contribution will consist of proposing, as a node isolation strategy, a transformation of the original topology into an approximately regular topology by edge elimination. Although such a transformed topology is not optimal in terms of reducing the propagation of a virus, it induces the rapid extinction of the virus in the network.

Abstract Long-term adherence to antiosteoporosis medication (AOM) in the setting of a fracture liaison service (FLS) are not well known. Patients ≥ 50 with hip fracture seen in an FLS and recommended for treatment to prevent new fractures were analyzed. Baseline data included demographics, identification mode, previous treatment and FRAX items. Patient records were reviewed 3–8 years later, and these data were collected: (1) survival; (2) major refracture; (3) initiation of treatment, proportion of days covered (PDC) and persistence with AOM. 372 patients (mean age, 79 years; 76% women) were included. Mean follow-up was 47 months, 52 patients (14%) had a refracture (22 hip) and 129 (34.5%) died. AOM was started in 283 patients (76.0%). Factors associated with initiation of AOM were previous use of bisphosphonate (OR 9.94; 95% CI 1.29–76.32) and a lower T-score lumbar (OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.65–0.99). Persistence decreased to 72.6%, 60% and 47% at 12, 36 and 60 months. A PDC > 80% was confirmed in 208 patients (55.7%) and associated with previous use of bisphosphonate (OR 3.38; 95% CI 1.34–8.53), treatment with denosumab (OR 2.69; 95% CI:1.37–5.27), and inpatient identification (OR 2.26; 95% CI 1.18–4.34). Long-term persistence with AOM was optimal in patients with hip fracture seen at an FLS. A PDC > 80% was associated with inpatient identification and prescription of denosumab.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most prevalent primary immunodeficiency. Here the authors perform single-cell omics analyses in CVID-discordant monozygotic twins and show epigenetic and transcriptional alterations associated with activation in memory B cells.

Engineering is a subject that ranges from extensive collaborations to small individual projects. In our interest in the study of collaboration, we have detected a series of problems in realizing construction and engineering projects that cover different aspects. It is worth highlighting the subject of technical drawing, the different terminology used in the projects, mainly when these are carried out in other locations, the massive use of assisted design software, and the difficulty of carrying out projects collaboratively. Computer-aided design was a catalyst that has been fully implemented in Spain since the 90s in architecture and engineering. The most widespread application worldwide is AutoCAD. Students learn to carry out small projects with software applications. The basis of any project is the drawing of the object to be made. When teaching technical drawing, instructors have noticed fundamental deficiencies in the correct representation of objects. Similarly, those responsible for the projects have shown the absence of this knowledge. This significantly impairs the definition of certain essential elements that must be specified later in the execution due to the changes between what is projected and what can be executed. On the other hand, during the construction boom and mainly due to the commercialization of homes, multiple 3D software emerged to facilitate the prospective buyer's vision of their future home. The proliferation of this type of software has posed a series of problems as students master the computer tool but not the transition from 3D to 2D and vice-versa. Although AutoCAD made it easy to carry out projects with excellent efficiency, it has failed, despite its many updates, to become a collaborative tool that allows several individuals to work on the same file at the same time. However, architecture and engineering projects have always been examples of collaboration, as shown in the Collaborative Intelligence model proposed in our research articles. Specifically, this model is based on three fundamental pillars: area of knowledge, collaborative technology, and intellectual cooperation. Of these three pillars of Collaborative Intelligence, we are most affected by the area of knowledge and collaborative technology since this is where more deficiencies have been detected. This study highlights these difficulties and solves the problems that project managers have detected in their collaborators for students to acquire these skills. We consider that the acquisition of these competencies is based on correct technical drawing learning, although the software is the primary interaction vehicle.

The Venezuelan construction sector faces complex problems from multidisciplinary causes. The severe consequences keep the country far from the sustainable development goals established by the UN by 2030. With the certainty that education is fundamental to finding long-lasting global solutions and the aim to address Venezuela into the sustainable path progressively, the article adds new data about the main problems that confront the construction sector and the fundaments of sustainable construction education performed in Venezuela. With the participation of some construction stakeholders and public data, the authors try to progressively assemble the puzzle of the Venezuelan case in an attempt to help to develop a consciousness about the importance of improving education, with an emphasis on construction, incorporating sustainability concepts from the basic processes to be able to identify opportunities, risks and to be resilient, evolve and succeed in the current changing and unpredictable world.

Solid-state fermented apple pomace (AP-SSF) enriched with non-nitrogen protein has been studied as an alternative ingredient for feeding dairy cattle. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of AP-SSF in the feeding of dairy cows in early lactation on the yield and quality of milk, microbial contamination, and ruminal fermentation parameters, as well as the concentration of ammonia and the number of protozoa. Twenty Holstein cows were used, 20 of 660 kg on average, with 2-4 lactations and an average of 89 days in milk. Two groups were formed with ten cows each, randomly distributed to form a 2 x 2 Latin square with standard periods. Experiment diets were formulated with traditional ingredients, and one of them was added AP-SSF. Rations were gradually incorporated, giving ten days for adaptation and another 20 days for sampling. In lactose and production variables, no difference was statistically significant (P> 0.05) in milk fat and protein differences (P < 0.05) in the first component for the control treatment and the second toward treatment, as AP-SSF succeeded in increasing the percentage of milk fat. For Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp. and Total coliform differences (P < 0.05) in favor of the treatment were achieved AP-SSF and decreased the CFU / mL for Salmonella sp. while there was no difference (P > 0.05). Volatile fatty acids showed statistical difference (P < 0.05) for Acetic, Propionic, and Butyric acids. AP-SSF treatment for the rest of the parameters ruminal pH, ammonia, and protozoa did not show any significant difference (P > 0.05) between treatments. Concluded that it is possible to incorporate AP-SSF as a protein ingredient in diets of dairy cows in early lactation because some variables improved and showed no adverse effects in any of the variables evaluated.

Treatment options for patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) and AML with myeloid-related changes (AMLMRC) aged 60 to 75 years are scarce and unsuitable. A pivotal trial showed that CPX-351 improved complete remission with/without incomplete recovery (CR/CRi) and overall survival (OS) as compared with standard "3+7" regimens. We retrospectively analyze outcomes of 765 patients with sAML and AML-MRC aged 60 to 75 years treated with intensive chemotherapy, reported to the PETHEMA registry before CPX-351 became available. The CR/CRi rate was 48%, median OS was 7.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.7-8.5) and event-free survival (EFS) 2.7 months (95% CI: 2-3.3), without differences between intensive chemotherapy regimens and AML type. Multivariate analyses identified age ≥70 years, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥1 as independent adverse prognostic factors for CR/CRi and OS, while favorable/intermediate cytogenetic risk and NPM1 were favorable prognostic factors. Patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplant (HSCT), autologous HSCT, and those who completed more consolidation cycles showed improved OS. This large study suggests that classical intensive chemotherapy could lead to similar CR/CRi rates with slightly shorter median OS than CPX-351.

ABSTRACT – This research builds an updated map of the Chilean press on the web and social networks and evaluates the attention of researchers by identifying collective criteria to address the object “Chilean press”. Methodologically, it works on the concept of academic impact and uses automation in Python language to measure it, analyzing web audiences with Similarweb and scraping for social impact on Facebook and Twitter. Among the main results of the study, which spans almost two decades, it reveals how the disruptive media are led by the native media El Mostrador, CIPER, and Terra, together with the print media Publimetro and The Clinic. The overrepresentation of El Mercurio and La Tercera detracts from the projection of new digital media, such as El Desconcierto, and citizen media such as regional and hyperlocal media like El Observatodo. Finally, a critique is made of the media selection process carried out by academic authors. RESUMO – Esta pesquisa constrói um mapa atualizado da imprensa chilena, analisa o compromisso com o desenvolvimento na web e nas redes sociais e avalia em que medida o novo ambiente de comunicação recebe atenção dos pesquisadores ao identificar os critérios coletivos ao abordar o objeto “imprensa chilena”. Metodologicamente, trabalha-se o conceito de impacto acadêmico e foi utilizada uma técnica automatizada em Python para medi-lo, as audiências da web são medidas com dados da Similarweb e são utilizadas técnicas de sucateamento para impacto social no Facebook e Twitter. Entre os principais resultados do estudo, revela-se como a mídia disruptiva é liderada pelos nativos El Mostrador, CIPER e Terra em conjunto com os jornais Publimetro e The Clinic. Além disso, confirma-se a sobre-representação dos grandes títulos (El Mercurio e La Tercera), reduzindo a projeção tanto das novas mídias digitais, no caso de El Desconcierto, e outras de natureza cidadã quanto local e hiperlocal como El Observatodo. Por fim, é feita uma crítica ao processo de seleção de mídia realizado pelos autores da academia. RESUMEN – Esta investigación construye un mapa actualizado sobre la prensa chilena en web y redes sociales y evalúa la atención de los investigadores al identificar criterios colectivos para abordar el objeto “prensa chilena”. Metodológicamente, se trabaja el concepto de impacto académico y para medirlo se usa la automatización en lenguaje Python, se analizan las audiencias web con Similarweb y scrapping para el impacto social en Facebook y Twitter. Entre los principales resultados del estudio, que se extiende casi dos décadas, se revela cómo los medios disruptivos son encabezados por los nativos El Mostrador, CIPER y Terra junto a los impresos Publimetro y The Clinic. La sobrerrepresentación de El Mercurio y La Tercera resta proyección a los nuevos medios digitales, como El Desconcierto, y ciudadanos como regionales e hiperlocales como El Observatodo. Por último, se realiza una crítica al proceso de selección de medios que realizan los autores de la academia.

La exposición a episodios de violencia, ya sea en el barrio, la familia o la escuela, tiende a formar parte de la cotidianidad de niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA). En tal sentido, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar la simultaneidad y frecuencia de los eventos de violencia reportados por los NNA en calidad de víctimas, fenómeno tipificado como polivictimización. A nivel muestral, hace uso de la Primera Encuesta Nacional de Polivictimización aplicada a estudiantes chilenos/as entre 7° Básico y 3° Medio, aplicando un diseño metodológico de análisis estadístico inferencial y de regresión logística, estimando el nivel de vulnerabilidad y violencia a la que están expuestos los NNA y sus factores de protección y riesgo. Los resultados muestran que la victimización y polivictimización es declarada por gran parte de los y las participantes, lo que haría de ambas problemáticas algo transversal en el sistema educativo. Sobresalen los delitos comunes, la victimización indirecta y la realizada por pares, especialmente la recepción o atestiguamiento de ataques, golpes y amenazas. Las conclusiones destacan la necesidad de medidas integrales que tengan a la escuela como espacio crucial de fomento a la sana convivencia y rechazo de la violencia en cualquiera de sus formas.

La incorporación de la indagación científica en las aulas rurales plantea importantes desafíos para los docentes que la orientan. En el presente artículo se analiza la importancia del rol del docente en una actividad de indagación científica. Para ello, se realizó el análisis del caso de la Mitigación de la mosquita blanca en árboles de ficus, una experiencia indagatoria llevada a cabo con 22 estudiantes de sexto a octavo año de Educación General Básica de una escuela rural vulnerable en Chile. Los resultados respaldan que los aprendizajes de los estudiantes a través de la indagación demandan una orientación y apoyo adecuados por parte del docente. Asimismo, se revela que la investigación científica escolar puede emerger en contextos rurales poco favorecidos a través de la indagación.

Objective To investigate the influence of COVID-19 vaccination on disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients under targeted therapies.Patients and methods 1765 vaccinated patients COVID-19, 1178 (66.7%) with RA and 587 (33.3%) with PsA from the COVID-19 registry in patients with rheumatic diseases (COVIDSER) project, were included. Demographics, disease characteristics, Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) and targeted treatments were collected. DAS28-based flare rates and categorised disease activity distribution prevaccination and post vaccination were analysed by log-linear regression and contingency analyses, respectively. The influence of vaccination on DAS28 variation as a continuous measure was evaluated using a random coefficient model.Results The distribution of categorised disease activity and flare rates was not significantly modified by vaccination. Log-linear regression showed no significant changes in the rate of flares in the 6-month period after vaccination compared with the same period prior to vaccination in neither patients with RA nor patients with PsA. When DAS28 variations were analysed using random coefficient models, no significant variations in disease activity were detected after vaccination for both groups of patients. However, patients with RA treated with Janus kinase inhibitors (JAK-i) (1) and interleukin-6 inhibitor (IL-6-i) experienced a worsening of disease activity (1.436±0.531, p=0.007, and 1.201±0.550, p=0.029, respectively) in comparison with those treated with tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNF-i). Similarly, patients with PsA treated with interleukin-12/23 inhibitor (IL-12/23-i) showed a worsening of disease activity (4.476±1.906, p=0.019) compared with those treated with TNF-i.Conclusion COVID-19 vaccination was not associated with increased rate of flares in patients with RA and PsA. However, a potential increase in disease activity in patients with RA treated with JAK-i and IL-6-i and in patients with PsA treated with IL-12/23-i warrants further investigation.

Introducción. Duponchelia fovealis Z. es una plaga en la producción de cultivos en el continente europeo y en Estados Unidos. Ha sido detectada en producción fresera en Brasil, México y en una finca en el Cantón de Vásquez de Coronado, en San José, Costa Rica. Objetivo. Determinar la presencia y distribución de Duponchelia fovealis Z. en fincas freseras de Costa Rica. Materiales y métodos. Durante las épocas secas del 2020-2021 y 2021-2022, trampas cebadas con la feromona de D. fovealis fueron colocadas en la finca del reporte inicial en Vásquez de Coronado y en otras seis fincas localizadas en las principales regiones freseras de Costa Rica: La Cima de Dota, Llano Grande, Poás y Vara Blanca. Resultados. El monitoreo demostró que las poblaciones más altas estuvieron establecidas en la finca de Vásquez de Coronado, mientras que se obtuvieron capturas ocasionales en fincas como en La Cima de Dota en San José y dos en Llano Grande de Cartago. Conclusiones. Se determinó la presencia de D. fovealis Z. en Costa Rica, con distribución limitada. Ante esto se sugiere un análisis de riesgo de la plaga y la implementación de medidas que disminuyan la dispersión del insecto.

Abstract Background Pediatric cancer incidence in Mexico is ~160/million/year with leukemias making 49.8% of the cases. While survival rates have been reported in various Mexican studies, no data is available from the Telethon Pediatric Oncology Hospital‐HITO, a nonprofit private institution specialized exclusively in comprehensive pediatric oncology care in the country that closely follows high‐income countries' advanced standards of cancer care. Aim To determine overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) in patients treated at HITO between December 2013 and February 2018. Methods and results Secondary analysis of data extracted from medical records. It included 286 children aged 0–17 years diagnosed with various cancers grouped into three categories based on location: (1) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), (2) tumors within the central nervous system (TWCNS), and (3) tumors outside the CNS (TOCNS). OS and RFS rates for patients who completed 1 (n = 230) and 3 (n = 132) years of follow‐up after admission were computed by sex, age, and cancer location, and separately for a subsample (1‐year = 191, 3‐years = 110) who fulfilled the HITO criteria (no prior treatment, underwent surgery/chemotherapy when indicated, and initiated therapy). TOCNS accounted for 45.1%, but ALL was the most frequent single diagnosis with 28%. Three‐year OS for patients with ALL, TWCNS, and TOCNS who fulfilled the HITO criteria were 91.9%, 86.7%, and 79.3%, respectively; for 3‐year RFS these were 89.2%, 60%, and 72.4%. Boys showed slightly higher OS and RFS, but no major differences or trends were seen by age group. Conclusion This study sets a relevant reference in terms of survival and relapse for children with cancer in Mexico treated at a private oncology center that uses a comprehensive and integrated therapeutic model.

La crisis sanitaria por la Covid-19 tiene secuelas que van más allá de los aspectos estrictamente biomédicos impactando diferencialmente sobre el mercado del trabajo, bienestar económico y subjetivo de la población, provocando una alta vulnerabilidad y una prolongada incertidumbre. Con datos de la Encuesta Jóvenes Covid-19 y mediante tablas de contingencia y árboles de clasificación, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar la percepción, incertidumbre y sentimientos que jóvenes entre 14 y 24 años tienen sobre la pandemia y sus efectos, con especial énfasis en quienes temen perder el año escolar por la crisis sanitaria. Los resultados destacan que los y las jóvenes reconocen la gravedad de la Covid-19, aunque perciben que los adultos exageran la crisis y que los jóvenes no se contagian; además, reportan altos niveles de incertidumbre por la muerte de algún familiar o amigo/a, problemas económicos familiares y temor a perder el año escolar. Incertidumbre educativa predominante en jóvenes de menor edad con altos niveles de preocupación, angustia y miedo, junto con la manifestación de ingesta compulsiva e insomnio. Las conclusiones remarcan los impactos que la pandemia ha tenido sobre el bienestar subjetivo de la población joven, deterioro socioemocional cimentado sobre un extendido miedo a la muerte de cercanos/as, los problemas económicos familiares y perder el año escolar; problemática que plantea la necesidad de un abordaje multidimensional y extendido más allá del término de la pandemia.

ObjectivesNowadays, there is a significant increase in the elderly population in many countries around the world, and sarcopenia is one of the most common consequences of this with resistance training being one of the best treatments. Hence, this systematic review was conducted to determine what are the effects of different combinations of resistance training-based interventions on the musculoskeletal health of older male adults with sarcopeniaMethodsThis systematic review was performed following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search was performed between February and August 2022 in three electronic databases: Pubmed (MEDLINE), Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus employing different keywords combined with Boolean operators. Only 13 articles were included out of the initial 1,019.ResultsThe articles studied the effects of resistance training combined with other interventions, 6 articles combined it with protein and vitamin supplementation, 4 with protein supplements only, while 3 combined it with aerobic training, finding beneficial results mainly on strength, functionality, and body composition.ConclusionResistance Training combined with Aerobic Training or nutritional supplements has better effects than Resistance Training alone in older male adults with sarcopenia.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails, identifier: CRD42022354184.

In the context of the global energy sector’s increasing reliance on fossil fuels and escalating environmental concerns, there is an urgent need for advancements in energy monitoring and optimization. Addressing this challenge, the present study introduces the Open Multi Power Meter, a novel open hardware solution designed for efficient and precise electrical measurements. This device is engineered around a single microcontroller architecture, featuring a comprehensive suite of measurement modules interconnected via an RS485 bus, which ensures high accuracy and scalability. A significant aspect of this development is the integration with the Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring Toolkit, which utilizes advanced algorithms for energy disaggregation, including Combinatorial Optimization and the Finite Hidden Markov Model. Comparative analyses were performed using public datasets alongside commercial and open hardware monitors to validate the design and capabilities of this device. These studies demonstrate the device’s notable effectiveness, characterized by its simplicity, flexibility, and adaptability in various energy monitoring scenarios. The introduction of this cost-effective and scalable tool marks a contribution to the field of energy research, enhancing energy efficiency practices. This research provides a practical solution for energy management and opens advancements in the field, highlighting its potential impact on academic research and real-world applications.

The brown comber (Serranus hepatus) is a small benthopelagic species with no commercial value, primarily caught by bottom trawls as a by-catch. In this work, we studied the feeding habits of this species. For this purpose, samples were obtained from the trawl fleet within the different editions of the ECOFISH project carried out between 2019 and 2022. A total of 1534 individuals were analyzed. In the diet analysis, various factors were considered, such as the season, the depth, and the time of day of the capture, as well as the size range of the individuals caught. For the feeding analysis, different indexes were calculated, such as the vacuity index (%Vi) and index of relative importance (%IRI). The size range of the specimens was between 3.2–16.3 cm, and the weight was between 1.02–39.73 g. Of the stomach content analyzed, 49.7% of the stomachs were found to be empty. The resources with the greatest importance in the diet of the brown comber were from the crustacean group, especially mysidaceans and decapods. There were differences in the diet according to season, depth, and size; however, there was no variation in diet by the time of day.

In this research, through the development of a teaching innovation project, the aim is to highlight the importance of educational and pedagogical changes that require both the adaptation of teaching to new situations and the possibility of taking advantage of the available resources to be applied in different degrees (master and degree) simultaneously. For this, the innovation experience carried out by a group of professors from the University of Granada who teach subjects in the CiTPA Master, MARA Master and Degree in Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Assets is presented. It addresses the development of unpublished teaching material (videos, manuals for the application of analytical techniques and the use of specialized software, all in a bilingual version), for its integration into different subjects in which it is necessary to make different research techniques known, use of specific software and precise operational activities that are used for the characterization of materials. Competency-based learning through innovation offers students a real and applied experience that has an immediate practical and professional implication, taking advantage of the skills of the new generations. The results, expected in future evaluations, must be analyzed both individually and for the group of subjects, being recognized in advance the good result and the facilities that teamwork, the recognition of skills and the facilities entail in the field of the teacher, the selection of common competences between different subjects and training levels.

Abstract FLT3-ITD mutations are detected in approximately 25% of newly diagnosed adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and confer an adverse prognosis. The FLT3-ITD allelic ratio has clear prognostic value. Nevertheless, there are numerous manuscripts with contradictory results regarding the prognostic relevance of the length and insertion site (IS) of the FLT3-ITD fragment. We aimed to assess the prognostic impact of these variables on the complete remission (CR) rates, overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) of AML patients with FLT3-ITDmutations. We studied the FLT3-ITD length of 362 adult AML patients included in the PETHEMA AML registry. We tried to validate the thresholds of ITD length previously published (i.e., 39 bp and 70 bp) in intensively treated AML patients (n = 161). We also analyzed the mutational profile of 118 FLT3-ITD AML patients with an NGS panel of 39 genes and correlated mutational status with the length and IS of ITD. The AUC of the ROC curve of the ITD length for OS prediction was 0.504, and no differences were found when applying any of the thresholds for OS, RFS or CR rate. Only four out of 106 patients had ITD IS in the TKD1 domain. Our results, alongside previous publications, confirm that FLT3-ITD length lacks prognostic value and clinical applicability.

Esta investigación aborda el estudio de la desinformación en el marco de los recursos intangibles en el sector público. Con apoyo en datos de Eurobarómetro referidos a España, se explora: a) si se puede elaborar un factor que mida la resiliencia de los ciudadanos a la desinformación, y con el que se pueda conceptualizar y operacionalizar esta resiliencia como un recurso intangible asociado a los países; y b) si hay otros recursos intangibles que ayuden a incrementar la resiliencia. Los resultados proporcionan pistas para identificar valor intangible en las reacciones de las personas a la desinformación, así como para operacionalizar la exploración de las relaciones causales entre recursos intangibles que derivan de las instituciones públicas y la resiliencia a la desinformación. Con apoyo en los hallazgos se concluye también sobre las implicaciones operativas para las políticas gubernamentales para combatir la desinformación.

El análisis arqueométrico de un hacha de color verde recuperada en los años 20 del pasado siglo en el entorno de Monte Aberto-Elviña (A Coruña), que probablemente habría formado parte del ajuar de uno de los tres túmulos que componían la necrópolis homónima, ha permitido determinar que se trata de un hacha tipo Durrington “goutte d’eau”, fabricada en jadeíta de origen alpino proveniente posiblemente de las formaciones existentes en San Front (Cuneo, Piamonte). Esta circunstancia la convierte –tras el hacha de Vilapedre (Lugo)– en la segunda pieza de procedencia alpina documentada en territorio gallego. En este artículo se intenta determinar el origen arqueológico del hacha de Monte Aberto-Elviña con la mayor exactitud posible, al tiempo que se ofrecen los resultados del análisis arqueométrico y se reflexiona sobre el cómo y el cuándo esta pieza habría llegado al Noroeste Ibérico. ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the results of the archaeometric analysis of a green stone axe recovered in the 1920s around Monte Aberto-Elviña, on the outskirts of the city of A Coruña (Galicia, northwestern Spain). The review of the work carried out by a Galician archaeologist –Luis Monteagudo– in the 30s and 40s of the last century has allowed us to establish, with a high degree of certainty, that the axe analyzed in this paper was part of the grave goods from one of the three burial mounds comprising the necropolis of Monte Aberto-Elviña, which was destroyed at some point in the second half of the twentieth century. The analysis of this artefact through X-Ray Diffraction and SEM-EDX and its subsequent comparison with geological samples from several points of the Alps has allowed us to determine that the Monte Aberto-Elviña is –in fact– a Durrington “goutte d’eau” type axe made of Alpine jadeite, showing a compositional similarity with the geological samples coming from San Front (Cuneo, Piedmont, Italy). In addition to trying to determine –as accurately as possible– the archaeological and geological origin of the Monte Aberto-Elviña axe, this article reflects on its possible way to the Iberian Peninsula (proposing a route through the Bay of Biscay, without ruling out the arrival along the Mediterranean coast, perhaps through the Catalan territory, which may have acted as a redistribution center of Alpine pieces for the rest of the Peninsula). Finally, comparing the chronology of the Durrington “goutte d’eau” axes in other European regions and the chronological dates available for the Galician burial mounds, we suggest an arrival of this artefact in the Iberian northwest sometime in the second half of the 5th millennium BC or, more likely, in the early 4th millennium BC.

In our species, the formation and maintenance of romantic partners is a nonrandom process. In this sense, similarity between members of the couple can be relevant for the beginning of the relationship (i.e., assortative mating) and maintenance, being similarity in attractiveness one of the most interesting aspects of this phenomenon. Despite that similarity in attractive traits has been documented, there is a lack of studies including modern morphological measures like fluctuating facial asymmetry or body fat percentage when assessing the effect that similarity in attractiveness could provoke on behaviors and feelings necessary to maintain a long-term relationship (e.g., satisfaction and trust). We assessed the presence of similarity in attractiveness for self-perceived measures (attractiveness and mate value) and physical traits (body fat percentage, body mass index, and fluctuating facial asymmetry) in a population of 196 heterosexual young couples from Chile (n = 392). Then, using actor-partner interdependence models (APIM), we assessed whether satisfaction and trust within the couples were influenced by attractiveness. Our results indicated the presence of similarity for all studied traits with the exception of fluctuating facial asymmetry. In addition, we only found that self-assessment of attractiveness is important for satisfaction in women, and partner's physical attractiveness is important for satisfaction and trust in men. Our results suggest that similarity in attractiveness is not playing a major role in affecting relationship. It is probably that similarity could be better explained from the initial stages of relationship, where the mating market forces conduce to the conformation of similar couples.

Context: Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae) is extensively distributed in tropical areas, and it is traditionally used as antidiabetic. Nevertheless, few studies supporting the metabolic effects of its foliage extracts have been reported elsewhere. Aims: To evaluate the effects of M. charantia foliage extract (MCh) on blood glucose and lipids levels in animal models of hyperglycemia. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties together with the acute toxicity and genotoxic effects were also assessed. Methods: An MCh powder was obtained by spray-drying techniques. The anti-hyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of MCh were evaluated in the glucose tolerance test and the alloxan-induced diabetes, respectively. The in vitro and ex vivo MCh antioxidant effects were assessed against the 2,2´-azinobis3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), peroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals. The MCh anti-inflammatory effects were also assessed together with its toxicological profile by means of the Acute Toxic Class Method, and the chromosome aberration assay. Results: MCh administered orally diminished the glucose and lipids levels in normoglycemic healthy rats and alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice. Strong in vitro free radical scavenging effects was demonstrated by MCh against ABTS, peroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals. The extract also improved the free radical scavenging ability of diabetic mice serum. Moreover, MCh reduced the weight of cotton-induced granulomas in mice, the exudate volume, and its leukocyte counts in carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rats. Very low MCh toxicity was also verified. Conclusions: The hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities here observed make the spray-drayed powder from M. charantia foliage extract an interesting alternative for the correction of diabetes and its complications.

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las prevalencias de las dimensiones que caracterizan a la violencia y victimización, tipificando sus manifestaciones sobre la base del rol observador/víctima, multidimensionalidad y contexto. Mediante un proceso inferencial-comparativo con datos de la Primera Encuesta Nacional de Polivictimización entre Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes (2017), se expone la transversalidad de la victimización y el alto nivel de exposición reportado por niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA), especialmente respecto a delitos comunes y victimización indirecta, tanto en la escuela como en el barrio. Manifestaciones que hacen de la violencia un fenómeno complejo, recurrente y ubicuo, cuyo abordaje demanda la multidimensionalidad de agentes y perspectivas que involucren a la familia, el barrio y la escuela en la búsqueda de soluciones efectivas

Coil prolapse or migration is a rare but potentially serious complication that may occur during aneurysm embolization, with no standard management currently described. Here we describe our experience with the Embolus Retriever with Interlinked Cages (ERIC) device® (Microvention, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA) for the retrieval of prolapsed or migrated coils in a case series and Flow-Model analysis. First, a retrospective review was performed using our institution database for patients in which coil prolapse or migration occurred during aneurysm embolization, and data was collected and analyzed. Second, an in vitro Flow-Model analysis was performed comparing the ERIC device® with other stent retrievers for coil retrieval. In 2 cases, the ERIC device® successfully retrieved the displaced coil from intracranial circulation in 1 pass, after failure with other devices. In the Flow-Model, again the ERIC device® achieved success for retrieving a detached coil, whereas 2 other different stent retrievers failed to capture the coil after 2 attempts. The ERIC device® appears to be a safe and effective tool for retrieving a prolapsed or migrated coil from the intracranial circulation.

This study suggests using wearable activity trackers to identify mobility patterns in chronic complex patients (CCPs) and investigate their relation with the Barthel index (BI) to assess functional decline. CCPs are individuals who suffer from multiple, chronic health conditions that often lead to a progressive decline in their functional capacity. As a result, CCPs frequently require the use of healthcare and social resources, placing a significant burden on the healthcare system. Evaluating mobility patterns is critical for determining a CCP’s functional capacity and prognosis. To monitor the overall activity levels of CCPs, wearable activity trackers have been proposed. Utilizing the data gathered by the wearables, time series clustering with dynamic time warping (DTW) is employed to generate synchronized mobility patterns of the mean activity and coefficient of variation profiles. The research has revealed distinct patterns in individuals’ walking habits, including the time of day they walk, whether they walk continuously or intermittently, and their relation to BI. These findings could significantly enhance CCPs’ quality of care by providing a valuable tool for personalizing treatment and care plans.

Abstract Background Vaspin is a novel anti-inflammatory adipokine associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease and inflammation in chronic inflammatory conditions different from axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Given the high incidence of CV disease (mainly due to accelerated atherosclerosis) exhibited by axSpA patients, we wondered if vaspin could also be a key molecule in this process. However, data on the role of vaspin regarding atherosclerotic disease in the context of axSpA is scarce. For this reason, we aimed to evaluate the implication of vaspin, at the genetic and serological level, in subclinical atherosclerosis and CV risk in axSpA. Methods This study included 510 patients diagnosed with axSpA. Carotid ultrasound (US) was performed to evaluate the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis. Three vaspin gene variants (rs2236242, rs7159023, and rs35262691) were genotyped by TaqMan probes. Serum vaspin levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA® v.11.1. Results Serum vaspin levels were significantly higher in female patients than in males and also in obese patients when compared to those with normal weight (p

Objective The mechanical thrombectomy (MT) benefit is related to the degree of reperfusion achieved. First pass effect (FPE) is defined as complete/near revascularisation of the large-vessel occlusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) 2c-3) after a single device pass. This study assessed the health benefit and economic impact of achieving FPE for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients from the Spanish National Health System (NHS) perspective.Design A lifetime Markov model was used to estimate incremental costs and health outcomes (measured in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs)) of patients that achieve FPE. A subanalysis of the Systematic Evaluation of Patients Treated With Neurothrombectomy Devices for Acute Ischaemic Stroke (STRATIS) registry was performed to obtain clinical outcomes. The base case included all patients that achieved at least a final mTICI ≥2 b, while the alternative scenario included all patients regardless of their final mTICI (0–3). Treatment costs were updated to reflect current practice based on expert panel consensus, while other acute and long-term costs were obtained from a previous cost-effectiveness analysis of MT performed in Spain. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the model’s robustness.Setting Spanish healthcare perspective.Participants AIS patients in Spain.Interventions FPE following MT.Outcome measures The model estimated QALYs, lifetime costs and net monetary benefit for the FPE and non-FPE group, depending on the inclusion of reperfusion groups and formal care costs.Results STRATIS subanalysis estimated significantly better clinical outcomes at 90 days for the FPE group in all scenarios. In the base case, the model estimated lifetime cost saving per patient of €16 583 and an incremental QALY gain of 1.2 years of perfect health for the FPE group. Cost savings and QALY gains were greater in the alternative scenario (-€44 289; 1.75). In all scenarios, cost savings were driven by the long-term cost reduction.Conclusion Achieving FPE after MT can lead to better health outcomes per AIS patient and important cost savings for the Spanish NHS.

La Covid-19 ha repercutido en múltiples dimensiones de la vida contemporánea de la población joven chilena, generando angustia e incertidumbre, con consecuencias que se extienden al contexto educativo. Objetivo: explorar y analizar cómo se sienten, qué hacen y cómo enfrentan la pandemia del año 2020 los jóvenes, desde una perspectiva personal y familiar. Metodología: este articulo realiza análisis estadísticos inferenciales de corte bivariante, exponiendo proporciones, índices y pruebas de contraste. Instrumento: se utilizó la base de datos de la Encuesta “Radiografía nacional de jóvenes frente a la crisis sanitaria Covid-19”, del Ministerio de Desarrollo Social y Familia. Resultados: dentro de los principales hallazgos, se encontró una baja percepción de riesgo entre los jóvenes, evidenciada en una extendida creencia de que los adultos exageran la crisis y que los jóvenes no pueden contagiarse de Covid-19. Entre las repercusiones psicológicas más comunes de la crisis, destacan la preocupación por el desempleo, el empobrecimiento de la familia, la falta de actividad física y el temor a perder el año escolar. Sobre salud mental, los sentimientos más frecuentes han sido preocupación, angustia y miedo, mientras que la ingesta compulsiva y el insomnio se han masificado. Conclusiones: destaca la heterogeneidad y variedad de los impactos de la pandemia por Covid-19 entre la población joven, situación que requiere un abordaje multidisciplinario, diferenciado y focalizado a la población de mayor riesgo.

En el contexto internacional, existe una preocupación social respecto de los efectos de la desinformación en los procesos electorales; de hecho, la comunidad de periodistas de verificación ha evaluado contenidos y declaraciones durante las elecciones. Esta investigación profundiza en el periodismo de verificación en Colombia mediante el estudio de caso de la plataforma RedCheq durante las elecciones regionales de 2019. Gracias a un análisis cuantitativo de contenido, se investiga el ámbito geográfico, la tipología de información verificada, las herramientas empleadas y las características de los actores verificados. Los resultados muestran el alcance regional del fact-checking de RedCheq en Colombia, en el que predominó la verificación a contenidos sobre asuntos electorales, de justicia y de economía. Asimismo, existió un equilibrio entre verificar declaraciones públicas y rastrear las redes sociales para la identificación de bulos. Se encontró imparcialidad ideológica al evaluar la veracidad de contenidos propagados por los partidos que concurrieron en las elecciones. Lo anterior es relevante para dotar de institucionalidad y de legitimidad al periodismo de verificación frente a ciertas declaraciones que lo acusan de seguir agendas ideológicas.

RESUMO – Buscamos conhecer propósitos, motivações e rotinas da prática de fact-checking no Brasil, a partir das percepções dos jornalistas. A pesquisa se baseia em questionário autogestionado, no qual 29 respondentes manifestaram seu grau de concordância com um conjunto de afirmações. Como resultados, temos que o principal propósito consiste em detectar e combater conteúdos falsos e enganosos nos canais digitais e que a transparência em mostrar fontes e dados que sustentam a classificação do conteúdo é um valor fortemente compartilhado. Há variações quanto à facilidade em usar ferramentas digitais entre membros e não-membros da IFCN, assim como diferenças nas pressões ao exercício profissional conforme a faixa etária. ABSTRACT – This research aims to know the purposes, motivations, and routines of the fact-checking practice in Brazil. We developed a self-administered questionnaire to understand the perceptions of journalists. The sample (n=29) expressed their level of agreement with a group of statements. The results show the central purpose is to detect and combat false and misleading content on digital channels. Also, the principle of transparency regarding news sources and data that support a content evaluation is firmly appreciated. Differences emerge related to the ease of using digital tools between IFCN members and non-members. Age is a relevant factor regarding the pressures during the journalism practice. RESUMEN – Este artículo busca conocer los propósitos, motivaciones y rutinas de la práctica del fact-checking en Brasil a partir de las percepciones de los periodistas. La investigación se base en un cuestionario autogestionado, en el cual 29 periodistas manifestaron su nivel de acuerdo sobre un conjunto de afirmaciones. Los resultados muestran que el principal propósito consiste en detectar y combatir contenidos falsos y engañosos en los canales digitales y que la transparencia en mostrar fuentes y datos que sustenten la calificación del contenido es un principio fuertemente compartido. Hay diferencias en cuanto a la facilidad de uso de las herramientas digitales entre aquellos miembros y no miembros de la IFCN, así como en la influencia de presiones en el ejercicio profesional por grupos etarios.

IntroductionPatients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) have a high disease burden mainly due to the rheumatic disease itself, and also exhibit accelerated atherosclerosis, that leads to a higher incidence of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Accordingly, the identification of biomarkers of CV risk and inflammation in axSpA patients is clinically relevant. In this sense, given the beneficial functions exerted by the adipomyokine irisin in processes related to CV disease and inflammation, our aim was to assess, for the first time, the role of irisin as a genetic and serological biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis, CV risk and disease severity in axSpA patients.MethodsA large cohort of 725 Spanish patients with axSpA was included. Subclinical atherosclerosis (presence of plaques and abnormal carotid intima-media thickness values) was evaluated by carotid ultrasound. Four irisin polymorphisms (rs16835198 G/T, rs3480 A/G, rs726344 G/A, and rs1570569 G/T) were genotyped by TaqMan probes. Additionally, serum irisin levels were determined by ELISA.ResultsLow irisin levels were linked to the presence of plaques (p=0.002) and atherogenic index values ≥4 (p=0.01). Serum irisin were positively correlated with C-peptide levels (p2.1 (Odds Ratio (OR): 0.48 [0.28-0.83] and OR: 0.73 [0.57-0.92], respectively, p=0.01 in both cases). Additionally, the frequency of rs1570569 T allele was higher in these patients (OR: 1.46 [1.08-1.97], p=0.01). Furthermore, the GGGT haplotype was more frequent in patients with ASDAS values >2.1 (OR: 1.73 [1.13-2.66], p=0.01).ConclusionsOur results indicate that low serum irisin levels could be indicators of the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis, high CV risk and more severe disease in axSpA patients. In addition, irisin may also constitute a genetic biomarker of disease activity in axSpA.

Aim: The SAMe-TT2R2 score helps identify patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) likely to have poor anticoagulation control during anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and those with scores >2 might be better managed with a target-specific oral anticoagulant (NOAC). We hypothesized that in clinical practice, VKAs may be prescribed less frequently to patients with AF and SAMe-TT2R2 scores >2 than to patients with lower scores. Methods and results: We analyzed the Phase III dataset of the Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (GLORIA-AF), a large, global, prospective global registry of patients with newly diagnosed AF and ≥1 stroke risk factor. We compared baseline clinical characteristics and antithrombotic prescriptions to determine the probability of the VKA prescription among anticoagulated patients with the baseline SAMe-TT2R2 score >2 and ≤ 2. Among 17,465 anticoagulated patients with AF, 4,828 (27.6%) patients were prescribed VKA and 12,637 (72.4%) patients an NOAC: 11,884 (68.0%) patients had SAMe-TT2R2 scores 0-2 and 5,581 (32.0%) patients had scores >2. The proportion of patients prescribed VKA was 28.0% among patients with SAMe-TT2R2 scores >2 and 27.5% in those with scores ≤2. Conclusions: The lack of a clear association between the SAMe-TT2R2 score and anticoagulant selection may be attributed to the relative efficacy and safety profiles between NOACs and VKAs as well as to the absence of trial evidence that an SAMe-TT2R2-guided strategy for the selection of the type of anticoagulation in NVAF patients has an impact on clinical outcomes of efficacy and safety. The latter hypothesis is currently being tested in a randomized controlled trial. Clinical trial registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov//Unique identifier: NCT01937377, NCT01468701, and NCT01671007.

Fact-checking alliances emerged worldwide to debunk political disinformation in electoral contexts because of social concerns related to information authenticity. This study, thus, included the Latin American context in fact-checking journalism studies as a journalistic practice to fight political disinformation. Through analyzing RedCheq, the first fact-checking journalism alliance in an electoral regional context led by Colombiacheck, 11 in-depth interviews were conducted to identify the perceptions of regional fact-checkers regarding the usefulness of this journalistic practice, its achievements, and the key aspects for incorporating fact-checking into the regional media ecosystem. The study results revealed that RedCheq achieved the goal of fighting disinformation, and that fact-checking developed as transformational leverage for the regional media. Regional journalists perceived fact-checking as an element that restores credibility and social trust in regional media as the epistemology of this journalistic practice neglects the power pressure and dissemination of official narratives. Finally, this study highlighted how fact-checking journalism contributes to the democratic quality and civic empowerment in silenced and polarized environments. In addition, it discussed the need to expand fact-checking journalism’s coverage to new geographical areas and improve journalists’ professional competencies and training, thereby enabling them to function as using verification tools based on regional journalists’ requirements.

We derive a set of coupled equations for the gravitational and electromagnetic perturbation in the Reissner–Nordström geometry using the Newman–Penrose formalism. We show that the information of the physical gravitational signal is contained in the Weyl scalar function Ψ4, as is well known, but for the electromagnetic signal, the information is encoded in the function χ, which relates the perturbations of the radiative Maxwell scalars φ2 and the Weyl scalar Ψ3. In deriving the perturbation equations, we do not impose any gauge condition and as a limiting case, our analysis contains previously obtained results, for instance, those from Chandrashekhar’s book. In our analysis, we also include the sources for the perturbations and focus on a dust-like charged fluid distribution falling radially into the black hole. Finally, by writing the functions on the basis of spin-weighted spherical harmonics and the Reissner–Nordström spacetime in Kerr–Schild type coordinates, a hyperbolic system of coupled partial differential equations is presented and numerically solved. In this way, we completely solve a system that generates a gravitational signal as well as an electromagnetic/gravitational one, which sets the basis to find correlations between them and thus facilitates gravitational wave detection via electromagnetic signals.