161 results on '"Boehm B.O."'
Search Results
52. Uric acid is predictive of cardiovascular mortality and sudden cardiac death in subjects referred for coronary angiography
- Author
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Silbernagel, G., primary, Hoffmann, M.M., additional, Grammer, T.B., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and März, W., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
53. 134 EVALUATION OF GENOME-WIDE LOCI OF IRON METABOLISM IN HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS IDENTIFIES PCSK7 AS A PREDICTOR OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS
- Author
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Stickel, F., primary, Buch, S., additional, Zoller, H., additional, Gallati, S., additional, (Österreicher, C., additional, Finkenstedt, A., additional, Stadlmayr, A., additional, Aigner, E., additional, Sahinbegovic, E., additional, Sarrazin, C., additional, Schafmayer, C., additional, Hinrichsen, H., additional, Braun, F., additional, Nothnagel, M., additional, Lerch, M.M., additional, Mayerle, J., additional, Vozker, H., additional, Kratzer, W., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, Arlt, A., additional, Franke, A., additional, Schreiber, S., additional, Becker, T., additional, Krawczak, M., additional, Berg, T., additional, Hultcrantz, R., additional, Zwerlina, J., additional, Datz, C., additional, and Hampe, J., additional
- Published
- 2012
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54. 1 COMBINATION OF LOW FREE TESTOSTERONE AND LOW VITAMIN D PREDICTS MORTALITY IN OLDER MEN REFERRED FOR CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY
- Author
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Lerchbaum, E., primary, Pilz, S., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, Grammer, T.B., additional, März, W., additional, and Obermayer-Pietsch, B., additional
- Published
- 2012
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55. 288 GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES IN PERSONS UNDERGOING CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY: THE LURIC STUDY
- Author
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Silbernagel, G., primary, Kleber, M.E., additional, Grammer, T.B., additional, Winkelmann, B.R., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and März, W., additional
- Published
- 2011
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- View/download PDF
56. 28 DURATION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES STRONGLY PREDICTS ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY, CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY AND DEATH FROM STROKE IN SUBJECTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY
- Author
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Silbernagel, G., primary, Rosinger, S., additional, Grammer, T.B., additional, Winkelmann, B.R., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and März, W., additional
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- 2011
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57. P124 INTERLEUKIN-6 IS STRONGER ASSOCIATED WITH ALL-CAUSE AND CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY THAN C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, SERUM AMYLOID A AND FIBRINOGEN (THE LURIC STUDY)
- Author
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Scharnagl, H., primary, Stojakovic, T., additional, Weihrauch, G., additional, Winkelmann, B.R., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and Maerz, W., additional
- Published
- 2010
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58. Seasonal variation of testosterone and vitamin D levels in men
- Author
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Obermayer-Pietsch, B., primary, Wehr, E.B., additional, Pilz, S., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and Maerz, W., additional
- Published
- 2010
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59. EFFECT OF THE RESISTIN -420C > G POLYMORPHISM ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE DIABETES AND MORTALITY
- Author
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Hoffmann, M.M., primary, Futter, I., additional, Pilz, S., additional, Weihrauch, G., additional, Seelhorst, U., additional, Winkelmann, B.R., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and Maerz, W., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
60. THE Y2561 ALLELE OF A COMMON POLYMORPHISM IN THE C1 DOMAIN OF VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR APPEARS AS A NOVEL RISK FACTOR FOR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
- Author
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Hellermann, N., primary, Boehm, B.O., additional, Maerz, W., additional, Rischewski, J., additional, Winkelmann, B.R., additional, Zotz, R.B., additional, and Schneppenheim, R., additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
61. PO19-534 SERUM GAMMA-GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE AND CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY IN SUBJECTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE — THE LUDWIGSHAFEN RISK AND CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH STUDY
- Author
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Stojakovic, T., primary, Scharnagl, H., additional, Wellnitz, B., additional, Seelhorst, U., additional, Winkelmann, B.R., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and Maerz, W., additional
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- 2007
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62. Mo-P1:119 High adiponectin is independently associated with total mortality and cardiovascular mortality in coronary artery disease
- Author
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Pilz, S., primary, Mangge, H., additional, Tiran, B., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, Winkelmann, B.R., additional, and März, W., additional
- Published
- 2006
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63. Mo-P1:118 Free fatty acids are independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in subjects with coronary artery disease
- Author
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Pilz, S., primary, Scharnag, H., additional, Tiran, B., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and März, W., additional
- Published
- 2006
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- View/download PDF
64. Association of polymorphisms of platelet membrane integrins αIIbβ3 (HPA‐1b/PlA2) and α2β1 (α2807TT) with premature myocardial infarction
- Author
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ZOTZ, R.B., primary, WINKELMANN, B.R., additional, MÜLLER, C., additional, BOEHM, B.O., additional, MÄRZ, W., additional, and SCHARF, R.E., additional
- Published
- 2005
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- View/download PDF
65. W01-P-008 SOD3 R231G Polymorphism associated with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction in the Ludwigshafen risk and cardiovascular health study
- Author
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Grammer, T.B., primary, Renner, W., additional, Hoffmann, M.M., additional, Winkelmann, B.R., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and M rz, W., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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66. W11-P-010 Angiotensinogen haplotypes and angiotensinogen levels
- Author
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Renner, W., primary, Nauck, M., additional, Winkelmanna, B.R., additional, Hoffmann, M.H., additional, Scharnag, H., additional, Mayer, V., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and März, W., additional
- Published
- 2005
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67. W03-P-004 deltaF508 heterozygosity in cystic fibrosis associated with coronary artery disease in the Ludwigshafen risk and cardiovascular health study
- Author
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Grammer, T.B., primary, Reimer, W., additional, Winkelmanna, B.R., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and März, W., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
68. The advanced glycation end-product Nɛ-(carboxymethyl)lysine level is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Author
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Kaufmann, E., primary, Boehm, B.O., additional, Süssmuth, S.D., additional, Kientsch-Engel, R., additional, Sperfeld, A., additional, Ludolph, A.C., additional, and Tumani, H., additional
- Published
- 2004
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69. Elevated serum levels of N?-carboxymethyl-lysine, an advanced glycation end product, are associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and macular oedema
- Author
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Boehm, B.O., primary, Schilling, S., additional, Rosinger, S., additional, Lang, G.E., additional, Lang, G.K., additional, Kientsch-Engel, R., additional, and Stahl, P., additional
- Published
- 2004
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70. 1P-0013 The variable number of tandem repeat polymorphism in the P-selection glycoprotein ligand-1 geneis not associated with coronary heart disease
- Author
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Hoffmann, M.M., primary, Bugert, P., additional, Winkelmann, B.R., additional, Vosberg, M., additional, Jahn, J., additional, Entelman, M., additional, Katus, H.A., additional, rz, W.M., additional, Mansmann, U., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and Georg, S., additional
- Published
- 2003
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71. 1P-0014 The G(−30) A polymorphism in the promoter of the glucokinase gene is associated with angiographic coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and glucose metabolism
- Author
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Nauck, M., primary, rz, W.M., additional, Hoffmann, M.M., additional, Nagel, D., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and Winkelmann, B.R., additional
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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72. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus due to interferon alpha-2a therapy for chronic viral hepatitis C
- Author
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Gatzen, M., primary, Manfras, B.J., additional, Wiest, U., additional, Richter, W., additional, Löliger, C., additional, Kühnl, P., additional, vanEndert, P., additional, Pausch, J., additional, and Boehm, B.O., additional
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
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73. Long-term compliance of intensified insulin therapy
- Author
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Schifferdecker, E., primary, Schmidt, K., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and Schatz, H., additional
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
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74. HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR5 confer risk for autoantibody positivity against the thyroperoxidase (mic-TPO) antigen in healthy blood donors
- Author
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Boehm, B.O., primary, K�hnl, P., additional, L�liger, C., additional, Ketzler-Sasser, U., additional, Holzberger, G., additional, Seidl, S., additional, B�uerle, R., additional, Schifferdecker, E., additional, and Usadell, K.H., additional
- Published
- 1993
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75. The effect of a biphasic desogestrel-containing oral contraceptive on carbohydrate metabolism and various hormonal parameters
- Author
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Kuhl, H., primary, Jung-Hoffmann, C., additional, Weber, J., additional, and Boehm, B.O., additional
- Published
- 1993
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76. Molecular aspects of endocrine autoimmunity
- Author
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Boehm, B.O., primary and Farid, N.R., additional
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- 1993
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77. HLA-DRB3 gene alleles in Caucasian patients with Graves' disease
- Author
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Boehm, B.O., primary, K�hnl, P., additional, Manfras, B.J., additional, Chen, M., additional, Lee, J.C., additional, Holzberger, G., additional, Seidl, S., additional, Schifferdecker, E., additional, Schumm-Draeger, P.M., additional, and Usadel, K.H., additional
- Published
- 1992
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78. Gen-Ampiifikation mit der PCR und sequenzspezifische HLA-Oligotypisierung (SSO)
- Author
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Holzberger, G., primary, Frank, R., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and Seidl, S., additional
- Published
- 1992
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79. ELISA with a rat insulinoma (RIN A2) cell preparation as a tool for islet cell antibody screening programs
- Author
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Scherbaum, W.A., primary, Seissler, J., additional, Glück, M., additional, Boehm, B.O., additional, and Pfeiffer, E.F., additional
- Published
- 1990
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80. The advanced glycation end-product Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine level is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Author
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Kaufmann, E., Boehm, B.O., Süssmuth, S.D., Kientsch-Engel, R., Sperfeld, A., Ludolph, A.C., and Tumani, H.
- Subjects
- *
CEREBROSPINAL fluid , *PATIENTS , *AMYOTROPHIC lateral sclerosis , *OXIDATIVE stress - Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the aetiopathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal degenerative disorder. To test whether oxidative stress in ALS is increased and confined to the central nervous system, we have measured the glycoxidation product Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples by means of a novel enzyme immunoassay. Significant increases of CSF/serum ratio of CML in ALS patients (n = 25) as compared to normal controls (n = 20, p = 0.001) and to Alzheimer disease patients (n = 9, p = 0.029) suggest intrathecal production of this glycoxidation product. Measurement of CML levels may provide a novel diagnostic tool and may supplement current monitoring strategies in interventional trials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2004
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- View/download PDF
81. ThePlA1/A2polymorphism of platelet glycoprotein IIIa is not associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. The Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health Study.
- Author
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März, W., Boehm, B.O., Winkelmann, B.R., and Hoffmann, M.M.
- Subjects
TYPE 2 diabetes ,PLATELET glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa complex ,CORONARY disease ,GLUCOSE ,MYOCARDIAL infarction - Abstract
Aims/hypothesis. The PlA1/A2 polymorphism of platelet glycoprotein IIIa (GPIIIa) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. We studied this polymorphism in a homogenous, extensively phenotyped cohort using the candidate gene approach. Methods. The PIA1 /A2 polymorphism was determined in 1051 patients with type 2 diabetes and in 2247 individuals without type 2 diabetes. Results. In patients with type 2 diabetes, genotype frequencies were as follows: PlA1/A171.4%, PlA1/A2 26.0%, and PlA2/A2 2.7%. In individuals without type 2 diabetes, genotype frequencies were 71.6%, 25.7% and 2.8%, respectively. The PlA2 allele was not associated with fasting and postprandial glucose, glycated haemoglobin, insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide and calculated indices of insulin resistance or pancreatic beta cell function. The PlA2 allele was also not significantly associated with angiographic CHD (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.13; 95% CI, 0.93-1.39) or with a history of previous myocardial infarction (adjusted OR 1.09; 95% CI, 0.87-1.37). Conclusions/interpretation. The GPIIIa PlA1 /A2 polymorphism is not associated with type 2 diabetes, glucose metabolism, angiographic CHD or myocardial infarction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
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82. Gen-Ampiifikation mit der PCR und sequenzspezifische HLA-Oligotypisierung (SSO)
- Author
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Holzberger, G., Frank, R., Boehm, B.O., and Seidl, S.
- Abstract
Der genetische Polymorphismus der HLA-Klasse-II-Region läβt sich nach Gen-Amplifikation mit der Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) mit Sequenz-spezifischen Oligonucleotid-Sonden (SSO) nachweisen. Mit den SSOs des Eurotransplant-Typi-sierungs-Kit ist es möglich, den mit der serologischen Spezifität assoziierten Struk-turpolymorphismus der HLA-Klasse-II-Moleküle mittels Autoradiographie und non-radioaktiv darzustellen. Die PCR-SSO-Methode bietet gegenüber der serologischen HLA-Typisierung Vorteile, insbesondere bei schlechter Zellqualität, wie sie bei Hämodialyse-Patienten und hämatologischonkologischen Patienten häufig gefunden wird. Die DNA-Gewinnung ist auch bei älteren Proben möglich, und Nachtypisierungen, wie z.B. bei der Abklärung von HLA-Problem-Merkmalen, lassen sich verringern.
- Published
- 2009
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83. Coagulation factor XII (FXII) activity, activated FXII, distribution of FXIIC46T gene polymorphism and coronary risk
- Author
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BACH, J., ENDLER, G., WINKELMANN, B.R., BOEHM, B.O., MAERZ, W., MANNHALTER, C., and HELLSTERN, P.
- Abstract
Background:Whether factor XII (FXII) activity, its 46C>T polymorphism and activated FXII (FXIIa) are associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) remains to be determined. Methods:FXII, FXIIa and the FXII46C>T polymorphism were determined in a hospital-based cohort of 2615 patients undergoing coronary angiography. Results:Fifty-seven per cent of the participants were identified as wild-type (46CC), 38% as heterozygous (46CT) and 5% as homozygous (46TT) for FXII46C>T. FXII and FXIIa levels were significantly lower in carriers of the T-allele: 132 (97–151) U dL−1FXII in 46CC, 87 (77–99) U dL−1FXII in 46CT and 53 (42–67) U dL−1FXII in 46TT carriers (P<0.001), and 2.8 (2.3–3.5) μg L−1FXIIa in CC, 2.1 (1.6–2.6) μg L−1FXIIa in CT and 1.2 (0.9–1.5) μg L−1FXIIa in TT carriers (P<0.001; medians, lower and upper quartiles). Patients with stable CHD (n=935), a history of myocardial infarction (n=785) or who were suffering from acute coronary syndromes (ACS; n=323) had significantly lower FXII levels than controls (n=572). The differences remained statistically significant after adjustments for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. Significantly reduced FXIIa levels in ACS patients lost significance once adjusted for covariates. FXIIgenotype was not associated with any clinical phenotype. Conclusion:Lower FXII activity represents an independent risk for CHD and ACS. This is not the case for FXIIa levels or the FXII46C>T variation.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
84. Association of polymorphisms of platelet membrane integrins αIIbβ3(HPA‐1b/PlA2) and α2β1(α2807TT) with premature myocardial infarction
- Author
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ZOTZ, R.B., WINKELMANN, B.R., MÜLLER, C., BOEHM, B.O., MÄRZ, W., and SCHARF, R.E.
- Abstract
Conflicting results of an association of the human platelet antigen 1b (HPA‐1b/PlA2), localized on the β‐subunit of the integrin αIIbβ3, and the α2807TT genotype of the integrin α2β1with coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction have been reported. Both platelet receptor polymorphisms were genotyped in 3261 patients who had undergone coronary angiography, including 1175 survivors of a myocardial infarction, 1211 individuals with coronary artery disease but no history of myocardial infarction, and 571 control patients without angiographic coronary artery disease, and in 793 blood donors. In a case–controldesign, the prevalence of HPA‐1b and α2807TT genotypes did not differ significantly between the patient groups with coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction and patient controls or blood donors. By contrast, using a multivariate case‐onlydesign, it was found that the median age of onset of myocardial infarction was 5.2 years earlier (P = 0.006) in carriers of the HPA‐1b allele and 6.3 years earlier (P = 0.006) in carriers of the α2807TT genotype in the 264 survivors of myocardial infarction of recent onset with one‐ or two‐vessel coronary artery disease. A significant interaction with the conventional risk factors hypercholesterolemia, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperfibrinogenemia was excluded. Human platelet antigen 1b and α2807TT are associated with premature myocardial infarction but not with coronary artery disease, suggesting a role of distinct integrin genotypes for increased platelet thrombogenicity. This association requires confirmation in follow‐up studies.
- Published
- 2005
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85. Evolution of the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Spot Assay for Post-Transplant Alloreactivity as a Potentially Useful Immune Monitoring Tool
- Author
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Gebauer, B.S., Hricik, D.E., Atallah, A., Bryan, K., Riley, J., Tary-Lehmann, M., Greenspan, N.S., Dejelo, C., Boehm, B.O., Hering, B.J., and Heeger, P.S.
- Abstract
Post-transplant monitoring of cellular immunity has the potential to guide alterations in medical therapy. To this end, our laboratory has developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assay for detection of peripheral blood alloimmunity. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from normal volunteers and from renal allograft recipients were tested against donor stimulator cells for their ability to respond in 'one-way' cytokine ELISPOT assays. T cell depletion of donor spleen or PBLs eliminated donor cell cytokine secretion while preserving the ability of these cells to present allo-antigen to responding T cells. Alloreactive IFN-γ-producing PBLs derive from the memory T cell pool and are readily detectable in recipients of renal allografts taking immunosuppressant medications. A significant expansion of IFN-γ-producing donor-reactive memory PBLs was detectable at 4-6 months post-transplant in those who had experienced an acute rejection episode compared with those with a stable post-transplant course. The data demonstrate the feasibility of repeated post-transplant monitoring of allograft recipients, and provide the foundation for improving the care of human transplant recipients through rational clinical decision-making based on measures of immune function.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
86. Non-productive human TCR @b chain genes represent V-D-J diversity before selection upon function: insight into biased usage of TCRBD and TCRBJ genes and diversity of CDR3 region length - direct primer-walking using cosmid template DNAs
- Author
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Manfras, B.J., Terjung, D., and Boehm, B.O.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
87. Brown Adipose Tissue: Multimodality Evaluation by PET, MRI, Infrared Thermography, and Whole-Body Calorimetry (TACTICAL-II).
- Author
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Sun, L., Verma, S., Michael, N., Chan, S.P., Yan, J., Sadananthan, S.A., Camps, S.G., Goh, H.J., Govindharajulu, P., Totman, John, Townsend, D., Goh, J.P-N., Boehm, B.O., Lim, S.C., Sze, S.K., Henry, C.J., Hu, H.H., Velan, S.S., Leow, M.K-S., Sun, L., Verma, S., Michael, N., Chan, S.P., Yan, J., Sadananthan, S.A., Camps, S.G., Goh, H.J., Govindharajulu, P., Totman, John, Townsend, D., Goh, J.P-N., Boehm, B.O., Lim, S.C., Sze, S.K., Henry, C.J., Hu, H.H., Velan, S.S., and Leow, M.K-S.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the associations of positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance (MR), and infrared thermography (IRT) imaging modalities with energy expenditure (EE) after brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation using capsinoid ingestion and cold exposure. METHODS: Twenty participants underwent PET-MR, IRT imaging, and whole-body calorimetry after capsinoid ingestion and cold exposure. Standardized uptake values (SUV) and the fat fraction (FF) of the supraclavicular brown adipose tissue regions were estimated. The anterior supraclavicular temperature (Tscv) from IRT at baseline and postintervention was measured. Two-hour post-capsinoid ingestion EE and post-cold exposure EE served as a reference to correlate fluorodeoxyglucose uptake, FF, and Tscv for BAT assessment. IRT images were geometrically transformed to overlay on PET-MR for visualization of the hottest regions. RESULTS: The supraclavicular hot spot identified on IRT closely corresponded to the area of maximal fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on PET images. Controlling for body weight, post-cold exposure Tscv was a significant variable associated with EE (P = 0.025). The SUV was significantly inversely correlated with FF (P = 0.012) and significantly correlated with peak of Tscv during cold exposure in BAT-positive participants (P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: Tscv correlated positively with EE and was also significantly correlated with SUV after cold exposure. Both IRT and MR FF are promising methods to study BAT activity noninvasively.
88. Classical and late-onset forms of 21-OH deficiency reveal different alterations in the HLA class III region
- Author
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BOEHM, B.O., primary, ROSAK, C., additional, KUEHNL, R., additional, SCHIFFERDECKER, E., additional, JUNGMANN, E., additional, SCHMIDT, K., additional, SCHUMM-DRAEGER, P.-M, additional, and SCHÖFFLING, K., additional
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
89. N-terminal Pro-B-Type natiuretic peptide and the metabolic syndrome synergistically predict total and vascular mortality after coronary angiography: Prospective data from the LURIC cohort
- Author
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Wascher, T.C., Sourij, H., Seelhorst, U., Wellnitz, B., Winkelmann, B.R., Boehm, B.O., and Maerz, W.
- Subjects
HEART failure ,METABOLIC syndrome - Abstract
An abstract of the article "N-terminal Pro-B-Type natiuretic peptide and the metabolic syndrome synergistically predict total and vascular mortality after coronary angiography: Prospective data from the LURIC cohort," by T. C. Wascher and collegues is presented.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
90. National trends in total cholesterol obscure heterogeneous changes in HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio : a pooled analysis of 458 population-based studies in Asian and Western countries
- Author
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NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), [missing], Taddei, Cristina, Jackson, Rod, Zhou, Bin, Bixby, Honor, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Hajifathalian, Kaveh, Bentham, James, Bennett, James E, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Cifkova, Renata, Dallongeville, Jean, DeBacquer, Dirk, Giampaoli, Simona, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Khang, Young-Ho, Laatikainen, Tiina, Mann, JimI, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Mensah, George A, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Petkeviciene, Janina, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Servais, Jennifer, Söderberg, Stefan, Stavreski, Bill, Wilsgaard, Tom, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Zhao, Dong, Stevens, Gretchen A, Savin, Stefan, Cowan, Melanie J, Riley, Leanne M, Ezzati, Majid, Adams, Robert J, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Amouyel, Philippe, Amuzu, Antoinette, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Ariansen, Inger, Arveiler, Dominique, Aspelund, Thor, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicová, Mária, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Bata, Iqbal, Baur, Louise A, Beaglehole, Robert, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bi, Yufang, Bienek, Asako, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bo, Simona, Boehm, Bernhard O, Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bongard, Vanina, Borchini, Rossana, Borghs, Herman, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Brenner, Hermann, Bruno, Graziella, Busch, Markus A, Cabrera de León, Antonio, Capuano, Vincenzo, Casanueva, Felipe F, Casas, Juan-Pablo, Caserta, Carmelo A, Censi, Laura, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Shuohua, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Cho, Yumi, Chudek, Jerzy, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cooper, Cyrus, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Crujeiras, Ana B, Cui, Liufu, D'Arrigo, Graziella, Dauchet, Luc, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, De Smedt, Delphine, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valérie, DiCastelnuovo, Augusto, Dobson, Annette J, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Döring, Angela, Drygas, Wojciech, Du, Yong, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eggertsen, Robert, Ekelund, Ulf, Elosua, Roberto, Eriksson, Johan G, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J, Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrieres, Jean, Finn, Joseph D, Forslund, Ann-Sofie, Forsner, Maria, Frontera, Guillermo, Fujita, Yuki, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garnett, Sarah P, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gates, Louise, Gianfagna, Francesco, Gill, Tiffany K, Giovannelli, Jonathan, Goltzman, David, GonzalezGross, Marcela, Gottrand, Frederic, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dušan, Gregor, Ronald D, Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Grabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Guallar-Castillón, Pilar, Gudmundsson, Elias F, Guessous, Idris, Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gutzwiller, Felix, Hardy, Rebecca, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Hayes, Alison J, He, Jiang, He, Yuna, Herrala, Sauli, TapaniHihtaniemi, Ilpo, Hobbs, Michael, Hopman, Wilma M, MaríaHuerta, José, Huybrechts, Inge, Iacoviello, Licia, Iannone, Anna G, Ikeda, Nayu, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jennings, Garry, Jeong, Seung-lyeal, QiangJiang, Chao, Joffres, Michel, Jokelainen, Jari J, Jonas, Jost B, Jóźwiak, Jacek, Kajantie, Eero O, Kauhanen, Jussi, Keil, Ulrich, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kersting, Mathilde, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Stefan, Kim, Jeongseon, Kim, Yeon-Yong, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Ko, Stephanie, Kolle, Elin, Korpelainen, Raija, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriemler, Susi, Krokstad, Steinar, Kujala, Urho M, Kurjata, Pawel, HingLam, Tai, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Laugsand, Lars E, Lee, Jeonghee, Lehtimäki, Terho, Li, Yanping, Lilly, Christa L, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Lissner, Lauren, Liu, Jing, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lorbeer, Roberto, EugenioLozano, José, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lytsy, Per, Ma, Guansheng, Machi, Suka, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Manzato, Enzo, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B, McLachlan, Stela, McLean, Rachael M, McLean, Scott B, Meirhaeghe, Aline, Meisinger, Christa, Metcalf, Patricia, Mi, Jie, Miller, Jody C, Moreno, Luis A, Morin, Suzanne, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Muiesan, Maria L, Mursu, Jaakko, Nakamura, Harunobu, Námešná, Jana, Nauck, Matthias, MariaNavarrete-Muñoz, Eva, Neal, William A, Nenko, Ilona, Niiranen, Teemu J, Ning, Guang, Noale, Marianna, Norie, Sawada, Noto, Davide, O'Neill, Terence, O'Reilly, Dermot, Oh, Kyungwon, Olafsson, Örn, MichelPaccaud, Fred, Pajak, Andrzej, Palmieri, Luigi, Panza, Francesco, Parnell, Winsome R, Peltonen, Markku, Peters, Annette, Petersmann, Astrid, Pigeot, Iris, Pilotto, Lorenza, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Plans-Rubió, Pedro, Porta, Miquel, Price, Jacqueline F, Puder, Jardena J, Puhakka, Soile E, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Raitakari, Olli, Ramos, Rafel, Redon, Josep, Rigo, Fernando, Rodriguez-Perez, MaríadelCristo, Romaguera, Dora, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Rosengren, Annika, Roy, Joel G R, Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Rutkowski, Marcin, Salanave, Benoit, Salmerón, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T, Salvetti, Massimo, Sans, Susana, Saramies, Jouko L, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Scheidt-Nave, Christa, Schienkiewitz, Anja, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schöttker, Ben, Sebert, Sylvain, Sen, Abhijit, Shaw, Jonathan E, Shibuya, Kenji, WookShin, Dong, Shiri, Rahman, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A, Sjöström, Michael, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Sonestedt, Emily, Soumare, Aicha, Staessen, Jan A, Stathopoulou, Maria G, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stieber, Jutta, Stöckl, Doris, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Sundström, Johan, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, JooTan, Eng, Taylor, Anne, Tell, Grethe, Thijs, Lutgarde, Tolonen, HannaK, Topór-Madry, Roman, JoséTormo, María, Torrent, Maties, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tzourio, Christophe, Uusitalo, Hannu M T, Van Herck, Koen, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Vatten, Lars, Vega, Tomas, Veronesi, Giovanni, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, JyrkiK, Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Vollenweider, Peter, Voutilainen, Sari, Vrijheid, Martine, Wagner, Aline, Wagner, Anne, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Qian, XingWang, Ya, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wei, Wenbin, Whincup, Peter H, Wiecek, Andrzej, Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong, Andrew, Woodward, Mark, GiwercmanWu, Aleksander, Wu, Frederick C, Wu, Shouling, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yan, Weili, Yang, Xiaoguang, Ye, Xingwang, Yoshihara, Akihiro, Zambon, Sabina, Zhao, Wenhua, Imperial College London, University of Auckland [Auckland], Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Middlesex University, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], University of Kent [Canterbury], Mahidol University [Bangkok], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques : impact des interactions gène environnement sur la santé des populations, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Icelandic Heart Association [Kopavogur, Iceland] (IHA), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Umeå University, The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Medical University of Gdańsk, Capital University of Medical Sciences [Beijing] (CUMS), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), University of Adelaide, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Leibniz Association, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies liées au Vieillissement - U 1167 (RID-AGE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Norwegian School of Sport Sciences = Norges idrettshøgskole [Oslo] (NIH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), University of Iceland [Reykjavik], University of Oulu, Regional Authority of Public Health [Slovaquia] (RAPH), Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic [Slovaquia], Medical University of Łódź (MUL), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Dalhousie University [Halifax], The University of Sydney, Public Health Agency of Canada, University of Gothenburg (GU), University of Turin, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (NEUROMED I.R.C.C.S.), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome]-Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Faculté de Médecine [Rangueil], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Silesia in Katowice, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of Southampton, Biomolécules et inflammation pulmonaire, Service d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], University of Queensland [Brisbane], IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Manchester [Manchester], Kindai University, Medical University of Warsaw - Poland, Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), University of Bergen (UiB), Tulane University, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Oulu University Hospital [Oulu], The University of Western Australia (UWA), Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer (CIRC - IARC), Niigata University, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), University of Eastern Finland, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU), Universitätsklinikum Ulm - University Hospital of Ulm, University of Jyväskylä (JYU), The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg], Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere [Finland], West Virginia University [Morgantown], University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala], Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Peking University [Shenzhen], The Jikei University School of Medicine, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (AUSTRALIA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, University of Edinburgh, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology [Warsaw] (IIMCB), Università degli Studi di Brescia [Brescia], Konan University [Kobe, Japan], University of Turku, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London-School of public health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU)-The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Department of Emergency and Cardiovascular Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Epidemiology, Health Economics and Public Health, UMR 558 INSERM, Université de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Unité de Surveillance et d'Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (USEN), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain, parent, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Institute for plasma research, Institute for Plasma Research, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Center, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Neuroépidémiologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Applied Food Science, Department of Medical Sciences and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology [Louvain, Belgique], Studies Coordinating Centre [Louvain, Belgique], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), National Cancer Center, University of Kuopio, Epidémiologie cardiovasculaire et métabolique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Tampere University, Department of Andrology and Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad Miguel Hernández [Elche] (UMH), Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Department of Internal Medicine, School of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Epidemiologia Ambiental, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL)-Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) of Pamplona-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA 3430, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Medical University of Silesia (SUM), University of Innsbruck, National Institute of Hygiene Warsaw, The Georges Institute for International Health, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Grant numbers 101506/Z/13/Z and Research Training Fellowship 203616/Z/16/Z, Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (grant number 15-27109A), UAM. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y Microbiología, HUS Children and Adolescents, Department of Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Taddei, C, Zhou, B, Bixby, H, Danaei, G, Di Cesare, M, Kuulasmaa, K, Hajifathalian, K, Bentham, J, Bennett, JE, Aekplakorn, W, Cifkova, R, Dallongeville, J, DeBacquer, D, Giampaoli, S, Gudnason, V, Khang, Y-O, Laatikainen, T, Mann, JI, Marques-Vidal, P, Mensah, GA, Müller-Nurasyid, M, Ninomiya, T, Petkeviciene, J, Rodríguez-Artalejo, F, Servais, J, Söderberg, S, Stavreski, B, Wilsgaard, T, Zdrojewski, T, Zhao, D, Stevens, GA, Savin, S, Cowan, Mj, Riley, LM, Ezzati, M, Adams, R, Ahrens, W, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Anderssen, SA, Ariansen, I, Arveiler, D, Aspelund, T, Auvinen, A, Avdicová, M, Banach, M, Bandosz, P, Banegas. JR, Barbagallo, CM, Bata, I, Baur, LA, Beaglehole, R, Bennet, JE, Bernotiene, G, Bi, Y, Bienek, A, Björkelund, C, Bo, S, Boehm, BO, Bonaccio, M, Bongard, V, Borchini, R, Borghs, H, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Bruno, G, Busch, MA, CabreradeLeón, A, Capuano, V, Casanueva, FF, Casas, J-P, Caserta, CA, Censi, L, Chen, F, Chen, S, Chirlaque, M-D, Cho, B, Cho, Y, Chudek, J, Claessens, F, Clarke, J, Clays, E, Cooper, C, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell C, Crujeiras, AB, Cui, L, D'Arrigo, G, Dauchet, L, De Backer, G, De Bacquer, D, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, De Smedt, D, Dennison, E, Desschamps, V, Di Castelnuovo, A, Dobson, AJ, Donfrancesco, C, Döring, A, Doua, K, Drygas, W, Du, Y, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E, Eggertsen, R, Ekelund, U, Elousa, R, Eriksson, JG, Evans, A, Faeh, D, Felix-Redondo, FJ, Fernández-Bergés, D, Ferrari, M, Ferrieres, J, Finn, JD, Forslund, A-S, Forsner, M, Frontera, G, Fujita, Y, Gaciong, Z, Galvano, F, Gao, J, Garcia-de-la-Hera, M, Garnett, SP, Gaspoz, J-M, Gasul, L, Gates, L, Gianfagna, F, Gill, TK, Giovannelli, J, Goltzman, D, GonzalezGross, M, Gottrand, F, Graff-Iversen, S, Grafnetter, D, Gregor, RD, Grodzicki, T, Grosso, G, Gruden, G, Gu, D, Guallar-Castillón, P, Gudmundsson, EF, Guessous, I, Gunnlaugsdottir J, Gutzwiller, F, Hardy, R, Hata, J, Haugsgjerd, T, Hayes, AJ, He, H, He, Y, Herrala, S, Hihtaniemi, IP, Hobbs, M, Hopman, WM, Huerta, JM, Huybrechts, I, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, AG, Ikeda, N, Iwasaki, M, Jackson, R, Jamrozi, K, Janszky, I, Jarvelin, M-R, Jasienska, G, Jennings, G, Jeong, S-L, Jiang, CQ, Joffres, M, Jokelainen, JJ, Jonas, JB, Jóźwiak, J, Kajantie, EO, Kauhanen, K, Keil, U, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kersting, M, Khang, Y-H, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U, Kiechl, S, Kim, J, Kim, Y-Y, Klumbiene, J, Knoflach, M, Ko, S, Kolle, E, Korpelainen, R, Koskinen, S, Kouda, K, Kratzer, W, Kriemler, S, Krokstad, S, Kujala,UM, Kurjata, P, Lam, TH, Lanska, V, Lappas , G, Laugsand, LE, Lee, J, Lehtimäki, T, Li, Y, Lilly, C, Lin, X, Lind, L, Lissner, L, Liu, J, Lopez-Garcia, E, Lorbeer, R, Lozano, JE, Luksiene, D, Lundqvist, A, Lundqvist, R, Lytsy, P, Ma, G, Machi, S, Maggi, S, Magliano, DJ, Manzato, E, Mathiesen, EB, McLachlan, S, McLean, RM, Meirhaeghe, A, Metcalf, P, Mi, JM, Miller, JC, Moreno, LA, Morin, S, Mossakowska, M, Muiesan, ML, Mursu, J, Nakamura, H, Námešná, J, Navarrete-Muñoz, EM, Neal, WA, Nenko, I, Niiranen, T, Ning, G, Noale, M, Norie, S, Noto, Davide, O’Neill, T, O'Reilly, D, Oh, K, Olafsson, O, Paccaud, F, Pajak, A, Palmieri, L, Panza, F, Parnell, WR, Peltonen, M, Peters, A, Petersmann, A, P Pigeot, I, Pilotto, L, Piwonska, A, Pedro Plans-Rubió, P, Porta, M, Price, JF, Puder, JJ, Puhakka, SE, Radisauskas, R, Raitakari, O, Ramos, R, Redon, J, Rigo, F, Rodriguez-Perez, MdC, Romaguera, D, Ronkainen, K, Rosengren, A, Roy, JGR, Ruidavets, JB, Rutkowski, M, Salanave, B, Salmeron, D, Salomaa, V, Salonen, JT, Salvetti, M, Sans, S, Saramies, JL, Saum, K-U, Scheidt-Nave, C, Schienkiewitz, A, Schipf, S, Schmidt, CO, Schottker, B, Sebert S, Sen, A, Shaw, JE, Shibuya, K, Shin, DO, Shiri, R, Simons, J, Simons, LA, Sjostrom, M, Slowikowska-Hilczer, J, Slusarczyk, P, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soumare, A, Staessen, JA, Stathopoulou, MG, Steene-Johannessen, J, Stehle, P, Stieber, J, Stöckl, D, Stokwiszewski, J, Sundström, J, Suriyawongpaisal, P, Tamosiunas, A, Tan, E, Taylor, A, Tell, G, Thijs, L, Tolonen, HK, Topór-Madry, R, Tormo, MJ, Torrent, M, Tsugane, S, Tuomainen, T-P, Tuomilehto, J, Tzourio, C, Uusitalo, HMT, Van Herck, K, Vanderschueren, D, Vanuzzo, D, Vatten, L, Vega, T, Veronesi, G, Vioque, P, Virtanen, JK, Visvikis-Siest, S, Vollenweider, P, Voutilainen, S, Vrijheid, M, Wagner, A, Wang, M-D, Wang, Q, Wang YX, Wannamethee, SG, Wei, W, Whincup, PH, Wiecek, A, Willeit, J, Willeit, P, Wojtyniak, B, Wong, A, Woodward, M, Wu, FC, JianFeng Wu, JF, Wu, SL, Xu, H, Xu, L, Yan, W, Yang, X, Ye, X, Yoshihara, A, Zambon, S, Zhao, W, NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), Jackson, R., Zhou, B., Bixby, H., Danaei, G., Di Cesare, M., Kuulasmaa, K., Hajifathalian, K., Bentham, J., Bennett, J.E., Aekplakorn, W., Cifkova, R., Dallongeville, J., DeBacquer, D., Giampaoli, S., Gudnason, V., Khang, Y.H., Laatikainen, T., Mann, J., Marques-Vidal, P., Mensah, G.A., Müller-Nurasyid, M., Ninomiya, T., Petkeviciene, J., Rodríguez-Artalejo, F., Servais, J., Söderberg, S., Stavreski, B., Wilsgaard, T., Zdrojewski, T., Zhao, D., Stevens, G.A., Savin, S., Cowan, M.J., Riley, L.M., Ezzati, M., Adams, R.J., Ahrens, W., Amouyel, P., Amuzu, A., Anderssen, S.A., Ariansen, I., Arveiler, D., Aspelund, T., Auvinen, J., Avdicová, M., Banach, M., Bandosz, P., Banegas, J.R., Barbagallo, C.M., Bata, I., Baur, L.A., Beaglehole, R., Bernotiene, G., Bi, Y., Bienek, A., Björkelund, C., Bo, S., Boehm, B.O., Bonaccio, M., Bongard, V., Borchini, R., Borghs, H., Breckenkamp, J., Brenner, H., Bruno, G., Busch, M.A., Cabrera de León, A., Capuano, V., Casanueva, F.F., Casas, J.P., Caserta, C.A., Censi, L., Chen, F., Chen, 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WookShin, D., Shiri, R., Simons, J., Simons, L.A., Sjöström, M., Slowikowska-Hilczer, J., Slusarczyk, P., Solfrizzi, V., Sonestedt, E., Soumare, A., Staessen, J.A., Stathopoulou, M.G., Steene-Johannessen, J., Stehle, P., Stieber, J., Stöckl, D., Stokwiszewski, J., Sundström, J., Suriyawongpaisal, P., Tamosiunas, A., JooTan, E., Taylor, A., Tell, G., Thijs, L., Tolonen, H., Topór-Madry, R., JoséTormo, M., Torrent, M., Tsugane, S., Tuomainen, T.P., Tuomilehto, J., Tzourio, C., Van Herck, K., Vanderschueren, D., Vanuzzo, D., Vatten, L., Vega, T., Veronesi, G., Vioque, J., Virtanen, J., Visvikis-Siest, S., Vollenweider, P., Voutilainen, S., Vrijheid, M., Wagner, A., Wang, M.D., Wang, Q., XingWang, Y., Wannamethee, S.G., Wei, W., Whincup, P.H., Wiecek, A., Willeit, J., Willeit, P., Wojtyniak, B., Wong, A., Woodward, M., GiwercmanWu, A., Wu, F.C., Wu, S., Xu, H., Xu, L., Yan, W., Yang, X., Ye, X., Yoshihara, A., Zambon, S., Zhao, W., Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Kyushu University, The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)-University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Università degli Studi di Brescia = University of Brescia (UniBs), Service Epidémiologie clinique et santé publique [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Santé publique et médecine publique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene [Poland], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, University of Helsinki, National Institute for Health and Welfare, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, and University of Helsinki, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health
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Male ,gupo de ascendencia continental asiática ,Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna ,Total Cholesterol ,Ldl Cholesterol ,Hdl Cholesterol ,Blood Lipids ,Multi-country Study ,Epidemiology ,kolesteroli ,humanos ,Blood lipids ,BLOOD-PRESSURE ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,triglicéridos ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,High-density lipoprotein ,HDL cholesterol ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,mediana edad ,lípidos ,Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ,2. Zero hunger ,anciano ,education.field_of_study ,Age Factors ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,colesterol ,adulto ,kansainvälinen vertailu ,Lipids ,3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health ,3. Good health ,Europe ,Cholesterol ,Population Surveillance ,LDL cholesterol ,SERUM-LIPIDS ,Female ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Adult ,Asian Continental Ancestry Group ,Canada ,Total cholesterol ,blood lipids ,multi-country study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Asia ,Medicina ,European Continental Ancestry Group ,Population ,Nursing ,HDL-kolesteroli ,White People ,DIETARY-FAT ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,Asian People ,kansanterveys ,vigilancia de la población ,Humans ,CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE ,ddc:610 ,LDL-kolesteroli ,education ,Triglycerides ,METAANALYSIS ,Aged ,INDIVIDUAL DATA ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,Omvårdnad ,blood lipid ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Ecological study ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Cholesterol, LDL ,United States ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Cholesterol/blood ,Lipids/blood ,Population Surveillance/methods ,Triglycerides/blood ,chemistry ,WORLDWIDE TRENDS ,Multi-country study ,grupo de ascendencia continental europea ,business ,HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN ,[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology ,Demography ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
Artículo con numerosos autores. Sólo quedan reflejados el primero, los pertenecientes a la UAM y el colectivo, Background: Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol have opposite associations with coronary heart disease, multi-country reports of lipid trends only use total cholesterol (TC). Our aim was to compare trends in total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio in Asian and Western countries. Methods: We pooled 458 population-based studies with 82.1 million participants in 23 Asian and Western countries. We estimated changes in mean total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio by country, sex and age group. Results: Since ∼1980, mean TC increased in Asian countries. In Japan and South Korea, the TC rise was due to rising HDL cholesterol, which increased by up to 0.17 mmol/L per decade in Japanese women; in China, it was due to rising non-HDL cholesterol. TC declined in Western countries, except in Polish men. The decline was largest in Finland and Norway, at ∼0.4 mmol/L per decade. The decline in TC in most Western countries was the net effect of an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decline in non-HDL cholesterol, with the HDL cholesterol increase largest in New Zealand and Switzerland. Mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio declined in Japan, South Korea and most Western countries, by as much as ∼0.7 per decade in Swiss men (equivalent to ∼26% decline in coronary heart disease risk per decade). The ratio increased in China. Conclusions: HDL cholesterol has risen and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio has declined in many Western countries, Japan and South Korea, with only a weak correlation with changes in TC or non-HDL cholesterol., This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant numbers 101506/Z/13/Z and Research Training Fellowship 203616/Z/16/Z). R.C. acknowledges funding from the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (grant number 15-27109A)
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- 2020
91. Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants
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Zampelas, Antonis, Zamrazilova, Hana, Zapata, Maria Elisa, Zargar, Abdul Hamid, Zaw, Ko Ko, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic, Zeng, Yi, Zhang, Luxia, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Zhao, Dong, Zhao, Ming-Hui, Zhao, Wenhua, Zhen, Shiqi, Zheng, Wei, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Dan, Zocalo, Yanina, Cisneros, Julio Zuniga, Zuziak, Monika, Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Environnement, Santé, Sociétés (ESS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 774548, Reproductive Origins of Adult Health and Disease (ROAHD), Rodriguez-Martinez A, Zhou B, Sophiea MK, Bentham J, Paciorek CJ, Iurilli ML, Carrillo-Larco RM, Bennett JE, Di Cesare M, Taddei C, Bixby H, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Cowan MJ, Savin S, 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Baharudin A, Bahijri S, Baker JL, Balakrishna N, Bamoshmoosh M, Banach M, Bandosz P, Banegas JR, Baran J, Barbagallo CM, Barceló A, Barkat A, Barros AJ, Barros MVG, Basit A, Bastos JLD, Bata I, Batieha AM, Batista RL, Battakova Z, Batyrbek A, Baur LA, Beaglehole R, Bel-Serrat S, Belavendra A, Ben Romdhane H, Benedics J, Benet M, Berkinbayev S, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Bernotiene G, Bettiol H, Bezerra J, Bhagyalaxmi A, Bharadwaj S, Bhargava SK, Bi H, Bi Y, Bia D, Bika Lele EC, Bikbov MM, Bista B, Bjelica DJ, Bjerregaard P, Bjertness E, Bjertness MB, Björkelund C, Bloch KV, Blokstra A, Bo S, Bobak M, Boddy LM, Boehm BO, Boeing H, Boggia JG, Bogova E, Boissonnet CP, Bojesen SE, Bonaccio M, Bongard V, Bonilla-Vargas A, Bopp M, Borghs H, Bovet P, Braeckevelt L, Braeckman L, Bragt MC, Brajkovich I, Branca F, Breckenkamp J, Breda J, Brenner H, Brewster LM, Brian GR, Brinduse L, Brophy S, Bruno G, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Bugge A, Buoncristiano M, Burazeri G, Burns C, Cabrera de León A, Cacciottolo J, Cai H, Cama T, Cameron C, Camolas J, Can G, Cândido APC, Cañete F, Capanzana MV, Capková N, Capuano E, Capuano V, Cardol M, Cardoso VC, Carlsson AC, Carmuega E, Carvalho J, Casajús JA, Casanueva FF, Celikcan E, Censi L, Cervantes-Loaiza M, Cesar JA, Chamukuttan S, Chan AW, Chan Q, Chaturvedi HK, Chaturvedi N, Che Abdul Rahim N, Chen C-J, Chen F, Chen H, Chen S, Chen Z, Cheng C-Y, Cheraghian B, Chetrit A, Chikova-Iscener E, Chiolero A, Chiou S-T, Chirlaque M-D, Cho B, Christensen K, Christofaro DG, Chudek J, Cifkova R, Cilia M, Cinteza E, Claessens F, Clarke J, Clays E, Cohen E, Concin H, Confortin SC, Cooper C, Coppinger TC, Corpeleijn E, Costanzo S, Cottel D, Cowell C, Craig CL, Crampin AC, Crujeiras AB, Csilla S, Cucu AM, Cui L, Cureau FV, D'Arrigo G, d'Orsi E, Dacica L, Dal Re Saavedra MÁ, Dallongeville J, Damasceno A, Damsgaard CT, Dankner R, Dantoft TM, Dasgupta P, Dastgiri S, Dauchet L, Davletov K, De Backer G, De Bacquer D, de Gaetano G, De Henauw S, de Oliveira PD, De Ridder D, De Ridder K, de Rooij SR, De Smedt D, Deepa M, Deev AD, DeGennaro V, Jr, Dehghan A, Delisle H, Delpeuch F, Demarest S, Dennison E, Deren K, Deschamps V, Dhana K, Dhimal M, Di Castelnuovo AF, Dias-da-Costa JS, Díaz-Sánchez ME, Diaz A, Dika Z, Djalalinia S, Djordjic V, Do HT, Dobson AJ, Donati MB, Donfrancesco C, Donoso SP, Döring A, Dorobantu M, Dorosty AR, Doua K, Drygas W, Duan JL, Duante CA, Duboz P, Duda RB, Duleva V, Dulskiene V, Dumith SC, Dushpanova A, Dzerve V, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E, Eddie R, Eftekhar E, Egbagbe EE, Eggertsen R, Eghtesad S, Eiben G, Ekelund U, El-Khateeb M, El Ati J, Eldemire-Shearer D, Eliasen M, Elliott P, Engle-Stone R, Enguerran M, Erasmus RT, Erbel R, Erem C, Eriksen L, Eriksson JG, Escobedo-de la Peña J, Eslami S, Esmaeili A, Evans A, Faeh D, Fakhretdinova AA, Fall CH, Faramarzi E, Farjam M, Farrugia Sant'Angelo V, Farzadfar F, Fattahi MR, Fawwad A, Felix-Redondo FJ, Ferguson TS, Fernandes RA, Fernández-Bergés D, Ferrante D, Ferrao T, Ferrari M, Ferrario MM, Ferreccio C, Ferrer E, Ferrieres J, Figueiró TH, Fijalkowska A, Fink G, Fischer K, Föger B, Foo LH, Forsner M, Fouad HM, Francis DK, Franco MDC, Franco OH, Frikke-Schmidt R, Frontera G, Fuchs FD, Fuchs SC, Fujiati II, Fujita Y, Fumihiko M, Furusawa T, Gaciong Z, Gafencu M, Galbarczyk A, Galenkamp H, Galeone D, Galfo M, Galvano F, Gao J, Garcia-de-la-Hera M, García-Solano M, Gareta D, Garnett SP, Gaspoz J-M, Gasull M, Gaya ACA, Gaya AR, Gazzinelli A, Gehring U, Geiger H, Geleijnse JM, Ghanbari A, Ghasemi E, Gheorghe-Fronea O-F, Giampaoli S, Gianfagna F, Gill TK, Giovannelli J, Gironella G, Giwercman A, Gkiouras K, Godos J, Gogen S, Goldsmith RA, Goltzman D, Gómez SF, Gomula A, Goncalves Cordeiro da Silva B, Gonçalves H, Gonzalez-Chica DA, Gonzalez-Gross M, González-Leon M, González-Rivas JP, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando M-E, Gonzalez AR, Gottrand F, Graça AP, Graff-Iversen S, Grafnetter D, Grajda A, Grammatikopoulou MG, Gregor RD, Grodzicki T, Grøholt EK, Grøntved A, Grosso G, Gruden G, Gu D, Gualdi-Russo E, Guallar-Castillón P, Gualtieri A, Gudmundsson EF, Gudnason V, Guerrero R, Guessous I, Guimaraes AL, Gulliford MC, Gunnlaugsdottir J, Gunter MJ, Guo X-H, Guo Y, Gupta PC, Gupta R, Gureje O, Gurzkowska B, Gutiérrez-González E, Gutierrez L, Gutzwiller F, Ha S, Hadaegh F, Hadjigeorgiou CA, Haghshenas R, Hakimi H, Halkjær J, Hambleton IR, Hamzeh B, Hange D, Hanif AA, Hantunen S, Hari Kumar R, Hashemi-Shahri SM, Hassapidou M, Hata J, Haugsgjerd T, Hayes AJ, He J, He Y, He Y, Heidinger-Felso R, Heinen M, Hejgaard T, Hendriks ME, Henrique RDS, Henriques A, Hernandez Cadena L, Herrala S, Herrera VM, Herter-Aeberli I, Heshmat R, Hill AG, Ho SY, Ho SC, Hobbs M, Hofman A, Holden Bergh I, Holdsworth M, Homayounfar R, Homs C, Hopman WM, Horimoto AR, Hormiga CM, Horta BL, Houti L, Howitt C, Htay TT, Htet AS, Htike MMT, Hu Y, Huerta JM, Huhtaniemi IT, Huidumac Petrescu C, Husseini A, Huu CN, Huybrechts I, Hwalla N, Hyska J, Iacoviello L, Ibarluzea JM, Ibrahim MM, Ibrahim Wong N, Ikeda N, Ikram MA, Iotova V, Irazola VE, Ishida T, Islam M, Islam SMS, Iwasaki M, Jackson RT, Jacobs JM, Jaddou HY, Jafar T, James K, Jamil KM, Jamrozik K, Janszky I, Janus E, Jarani J, Jarvelin M-R, Jasienska G, Jelakovic A, Jelakovic B, Jennings G, Jha AK, Jiang CQ, Jimenez RO, Jöckel K-H, Joffres M, Johansson M, Jokelainen JJ, Jonas JB, Jørgensen T, Joshi P, Joukar F, Jovic DP, Józwiak JJ, Juolevi A, Jurak G, Jurca Simina I, Juresa V, Kaaks R, Kaducu FO, Kafatos A, Kajantie EO, Kalmatayeva Z, Kalter-Leibovici O, Kameli Y, Kanala KR, Kannan S, Kapantais E, Karki KB, Katibeh M, Katz J, Katzmarzyk PT, Kauhanen J, Kaur P, Kavousi M, Kazakbaeva GM, Keil U, Keinan Boker L, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Kelishadi R, Kelleher C, Kemper HC, Keramati M, Kerimkulova A, Kersting M, Key T, Khader YS, Khalili D, Khaw K-T, Kheiri B, Kheradmand M, Khosravi A, Khouw IM, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, Kiechl S, Killewo J, Kim DW, Kim HC, Kim J, Kindblom JM, Klakk H, Klimek M, Klimont J, Klumbiene J, Knoflach M, Koirala B, Kolle E, Kolsteren P, König J, Korpelainen R, Korrovits P, Korzycka M, Kos J, Koskinen S, Kouda K, Kovacs VA, Kowlessur S, Koziel S, Kratzer W, Kriemler S, Kristensen PL, Krokstad S, Kromhout D, Krtalic B, Kruger HS, Kubinova R, Kuciene R, Kujala UM, Kujundzic E, Kulaga Z, Kumar RK, Kunešová M, Kurjata P, Kusuma YS, Kuulasmaa K, Kyobutungi C, La QN, Laamiri FZ, Laatikainen T, Lachat C, Laid Y, Lam TH, Lambrinou C-P, Landais E, Lanska V, Lappas G, Larijani B, Latt TS, Lauria L, Lazo-Porras M, Le Nguyen Bao K, Le Port A, Le TD, Lee J, Lee J, Lee PH, Lehmann N, Lehtimäki T, Lemogoum D, Levitt NS, Li Y, Liivak M, Lilly CL, Lim W-Y, Lima-Costa MF, Lin H-H, Lin X, Lin Y-T, Lind L, Linneberg A, Lissner L, Litwin M, Liu J, Liu L, Lo W-C, Loit H-M, Long KQ, Lopes L, Lopes O, Lopez-Garcia E, Lopez T, Lotufo PA, Lozano JE, Lukrafka JL, Luksiene D, Lundqvist A, Lundqvist R, Lunet N, Lunogelo C, Lustigová M, Luszczki E, Ma G, Ma J, Ma X, Machado-Coelho GL, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Machi S, Macieira LM, Madar AA, Maggi S, Magliano DJ, Magnacca S, Magriplis E, Mahasampath G, Maire B, Majer M, Makdisse M, Mäki P, Malekzadeh F, Malhotra R, Mallikharjuna Rao K, Malyutina SK, Maniego LV, Manios Y, Mann JI, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Manzato E, Margozzini P, Markaki A, Markey O, Markidou Ioannidou E, Marques-Vidal P, Marques LP, Marrugat J, Martin-Prevel Y, Martin R, Martorell R, Martos E, Marventano S, Mascarenhas LP, Masoodi SR, Mathiesen EB, Mathur P, Matijasevich A, Matsha TE, Mavrogianni C, Mazur A, Mbanya JCN, McFarlane SR, McGarvey ST, McKee M, McLachlan S, McLean RM, McLean SB, McNulty BA, Mediene-Benchekor S, Medzioniene J, Mehdipour P, Mehlig K, Mehrparvar AH, Meirhaeghe A, Meisfjord J, Meisinger C, Menezes AMB, Menon GR, Mensink GB, Menzano MT, Mereke A, Meshram II, Metspalu A, Mi J, Michaelsen KF, Michels N, Mikkel K, Milkowska K, Miller JC, Minderico CS, Mini GK, Miquel JF, Mirjalili MR, Mirkopoulou D, Mirrakhimov E, Mišigoj-Durakovic M, Mistretta A, Mocanu V, Modesti PA, Moghaddam SS, Mohajer B, Mohamed MK, Mohamed SF, Mohammad K, Mohammadi Z, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohan V, Mohanna S, Mohd Yusoff MF, Mohebbi I, Mohebi F, Moitry M, Molbo D, Møllehave LT, Møller NC, Molnár D, Momenan A, Mondo CK, Monroy-Valle M, Monterrubio-Flores E, Monyeki KDK, Moosazadeh M, Moreira LB, Morejon A, Moreno LA, Morgan K, Morin SN, Mortensen EL, Moschonis G, Mossakowska M, Mostafa A, Mota-Pinto A, Mota J, Motlagh ME, Motta J, Moura-dos-Santos MA, Mridha MK, Msyamboza KP, Mu TT, Muc M, Mugoša B, Muiesan ML, Mukhtorova P, Müller-Nurasyid M, Murphy N, Mursu J, Murtagh EM, Musa KI, Music Milanovic S, Musil V, Mustafa N, Nabipour I, Naderimagham S, Nagel G, Naidu BM, Najafi F, Nakamura H, Námešná J, Nang EEK, Nangia VB, Nankap M, Narake S, Nardone P, Nauck M, Neal WA, Nejatizadeh A, Nelis K, Nelis L, Nenko I, Neovius M, Nervi F, Nguyen CT, Nguyen D, Nguyen QN, Nieto-Martínez RE, Nikitin YP, Ning G, Ninomiya T, Nishtar S, Noale M, Noboa OA, Nogueira H, Norat T, Nordendahl M, Nordestgaard BG, Noto D, Nowak-Szczepanska N, Nsour MA, Nuhoglu I, Nurk E, O'Neill TW, O'Reilly D, Obreja G, Ochimana C, Ochoa-Avilés AM, Oda E, Oh K, Ohara K, Ohlsson C, Ohtsuka R, Olafsson Ö, Olinto MTA, Oliveira IO, Omar MA, Onat A, Ong SK, Ono LM, Ordunez P, Ornelas R, Ortiz AP, Ortiz PJ, Osler M, Osmond C, Ostojic SM, Ostovar A, Otero JA, Overvad K, Owusu-Dabo E, Paccaud FM, Padez C, Pagkalos I, Pahomova E, Paiva KMD, Pajak A, Palli D, Palloni A, Palmieri L, Pan W-H, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Panza F, Papandreou D, Park S-W, Park S, Parnell WR, Parsaeian M, Pascanu IM, Pasquet P, Patel ND, Pednekar MS, Peer N, Peixoto SV, Peltonen M, Pereira AC, Peres MA, Pérez-Farinós N, Pérez CM, Peterkova V, Peters A, Petersmann A, Petkeviciene J, Petrauskiene A, Pettenuzzo E, Peykari N, Pham ST, Pichardo RN, Pierannunzio D, Pigeot I, Pikhart H, Pilav A, Pilotto L, Pistelli F, Pitakaka F, Piwonska A, Pizarro AN, Plans-Rubió P, Poh BK, Pohlabeln H, Pop RM, Porta M, Posch G, Poudyal A, Poulimeneas D, Pouraram H, Pourfarzi F, Pourshams A, Poustchi H, Pradeepa R, Price AJ, Price JF, Providencia R, Puder JJ, Pudule I, Puhakka SE, Puiu M, Punab M, Qasrawi RF, Qorbani M, Quoc Bao T, Radic I, Radisauskas R, Rahimikazerooni S, Rahman M, Rahman M, Raitakari O, Raj M, Rakhimova E, Rakhmatulloev S, Rakovac I, Ramachandra Rao S, Ramachandran A, Ramke J, Ramos E, Ramos R, Rampal L, Rampal S, Rarra V, Rascon-Pacheco RA, Rasmussen M, Rech CR, Redon J, Reganit PFM, Regecová V, Revilla L, Rezaianzadeh A, Ribas-Barba L, Ribeiro R, Riboli E, Richter A, Rigo F, Rinaldo N, Rinke de Wit TF, Rito A, Ritti-Dias RM, Rivera JA, Robitaille C, Roccaldo R, Rodrigues D, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Rodriguez-Perez MDC, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA, Roggenbuck U, Rojas-Martinez R, Rojroongwasinkul N, Romaguera D, Romeo EL, Rosario RV, Rosengren A, Rouse I, Roy JG, Rubinstein A, Rühli FJ, Ruidavets J-B, Ruiz-Betancourt BS, Ruiz Moreno E, Rusakova IA, Russell Jonsson K, 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Shrestha N, Si-Ramlee K, Siani A, Siantar R, Sibai AM, Silva AM, Silva DAS, Simon M, Simons J, Simons LA, Sjöberg A, Sjöström M, Skodje G, Slowikowska-Hilczer J, Slusarczyk P, Smeeth L, So H-K, Soares FC, Sobek G, Sobngwi E, Sodemann M, Söderberg S, Soekatri MY, Soemantri A, Sofat R, Solfrizzi V, Somi MH, Sonestedt E, Song Y, Sørgjerd EP, Sossa Jérome C, Soto-Rojas VE, Soumaré A, Sovic S, Sparboe-Nilsen B, Sparrenberger K, Spinelli A, Spiroski I, Staessen JA, Stamm H, Stathopoulou MG, Staub K, Stavreski B, Steene-Johannessen J, Stehle P, Stein AD, Stergiou GS, Stessman J, Stevanovic R, Stieber J, Stöckl D, Stocks T, Stokwiszewski J, Stoyanova E, Stratton G, Stronks K, Strufaldi MW, Sturua L, Suárez-Medina R, Suka M, Sun C-A, Sundström J, Sung Y-T, Sunyer J, Suriyawongpaisal P, Swinburn BA, Sy RG, Syddall HE, Sylva RC, Szklo M, Szponar L, Tai ES, Tammesoo M-L, Tamosiunas A, Tan EJ, Tang X, Tanser F, Tao Y, Tarawneh MR, Tarp J, Tarqui-Mamani CB, Taxová Braunerová R, Taylor A, Taylor J, 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Vladulescu M, Vlasoff T, Vocanec D, Völzke H, Voutilainen A, Voutilainen S, Vrijheid M, Vrijkotte TG, Wade AN, Wagner A, Waldhör T, Walton J, Wambiya EO, Wan Bebakar WM, Wan Mohamud WN, Wanderley Júnior RDS, Wang M-D, Wang N, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang YX, Wang Y-W, Wannamethee SG, Wareham N, Weber A, Wedderkopp N, Weerasekera D, Weghuber D, Wei W, Weres A, Werner B, Whincup PH, Widhalm K, Widyahening IS, Wiecek A, Wilks RJ, Willeit J, Willeit P, Williams J, Wilsgaard T, Wojtyniak B, Wong-McClure RA, Wong A, Wong JE, Wong TY, Woo J, Woodward M, Wu FC, Wu J, Wu LJ, Wu S, Xu H, Xu L, Yaacob NA, Yamborisut U, Yan W, Yang L, Yang X, Yang Y, Yardim N, Yaseri M, Yasuharu T, Ye X, Yiallouros PK, Yoosefi M, Yoshihara A, You QS, You S-L, Younger-Coleman NO, Yusof SM, Yusoff AF, Zaccagni L, Zafiropulos V, Zakavi SR, Zamani F, Zambon S, Zampelas A, Zamrazilová H, Zapata ME, Zargar AH, Zaw KK, Zdrojewski T, Zeljkovic Vrkic T, Zeng Y, Zhang L, Zhang Z-Y, Zhao D, Zhao M-H, Zhao W, Zhen S, Zheng W, Zheng Y, Zholdin B, Zhou M, Zhu D, Zocalo Y, Zuñiga Cisneros J, Zuziak M, Ezzati M, Tampere University, Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Eye Centre, NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, APH - Global Health, APH - Personalized Medicine, Public and occupational health, Epidemiology and Data Science, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Adult Psychiatry, Global Health, APH - Methodology, APH - Quality of Care, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, Rodriguez-Martinez A., Zhou B., Sophiea M.K., Bentham J., Paciorek C.J., Iurilli M.L., Carrillo-Larco R.M., Bennett J.E., Di Cesare M., Taddei C., Bixby H., Stevens G.A., Riley L.M., Cowan M.J., Savin S., Danaei G., Chirita-Emandi A., Kengne A.P., Khang Y.-H., Laxmaiah A., Malekzadeh R., Miranda J.J., Moon J.S., Popovic S.R., Sorensen T.I., Soric M., Starc G., Zainuddin A.A., Gregg E.W., Bhutta Z.A., Black R., Abarca-Gomez L., Abdeen Z.A., Abdrakhmanova S., Abdul Ghaffar S., Abdul Rahim H.F., Abu-Rmeileh N.M., Abubakar Garba J., Acosta-Cazares B., Adams R.J., Aekplakorn W., Afsana K., Afzal S., Agdeppa I.A., Aghazadeh-Attari J., Aguilar-Salinas C.A., Agyemang C., Ahmad M.H., Ahmad N.A., Ahmadi A., Ahmadi N., Ahmed S.H., Ahrens W., Aitmurzaeva G., Ajlouni K., Al-Hazzaa H.M., Al-Othman A.R., Al-Raddadi R., Alarouj M., AlBuhairan F., AlDhukair S., Ali M.M., Alkandari A., Alkerwi A., Allin K., Alvarez-Pedrerol M., Aly E., Amarapurkar D.N., Amiri P., Amougou N., Amouyel P., Andersen L.B., Anderssen S.A., Angquist L., Anjana R.M., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Aounallah-Skhiri H., Araujo J., Ariansen I., Aris T., Arku R.E., Arlappa N., Aryal K.K., Aspelund T., Assah F.K., Assuncao M.C.F., Aung M.S., Auvinen J., Avdicova M., Azevedo A., Azimi-Nezhad M., Azizi F., Azmin M., Babu B.V., Baeksgaard Jorgensen M., Baharudin A., Bahijri S., Baker J.L., Balakrishna N., Bamoshmoosh M., Banach M., Bandosz P., Banegas J.R., Baran J., Barbagallo C.M., Barcelo A., Barkat A., Barros A.J., Barros M.V.G., Basit A., Bastos J.L.D., Bata I., Batieha A.M., Batista R.L., Battakova Z., Batyrbek A., Baur L.A., Beaglehole R., Bel-Serrat S., Belavendra A., Ben Romdhane H., Benedics J., Benet M., Berkinbayev S., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernotiene G., Bettiol H., Bezerra J., Bhagyalaxmi A., Bharadwaj S., Bhargava S.K., Bi H., Bi Y., Bia D., Bika Lele E.C., Bikbov M.M., Bista B., Bjelica D.J., Bjerregaard P., Bjertness E., Bjertness M.B., Bjorkelund C., Bloch K.V., Blokstra A., Bo S., Bobak M., Boddy L.M., Boehm B.O., Boeing H., Boggia J.G., Bogova E., Boissonnet C.P., Bojesen S.E., Bonaccio M., Bongard V., Bonilla-Vargas A., Bopp M., Borghs H., Bovet P., Braeckevelt L., Braeckman L., Bragt M.C., Brajkovich I., Branca F., Breckenkamp J., Breda J., Brenner H., Brewster L.M., Brian G.R., Brinduse L., Brophy S., Bruno G., Bueno-de-Mesquita H.B., Bugge A., Buoncristiano M., Burazeri G., Burns C., Cabrera de Leon A., Cacciottolo J., Cai H., Cama T., Cameron C., Camolas J., Can G., Candido A.P.C., Canete F., Capanzana M.V., Capkova N., Capuano E., Capuano V., Cardol M., Cardoso V.C., Carlsson A.C., Carmuega E., Carvalho J., Casajus J.A., Casanueva F.F., Celikcan E., Censi L., Cervantes-Loaiza M., Cesar J.A., Chamukuttan S., Chan A.W., Chan Q., Chaturvedi H.K., Chaturvedi N., Che Abdul Rahim N., Chen C.-J., Chen F., Chen H., Chen S., Chen Z., Cheng C.-Y., Cheraghian B., Chetrit A., Chikova-Iscener E., Chiolero A., Chiou S.-T., Chirlaque M.-D., Cho B., Christensen K., Christofaro D.G., Chudek J., Cifkova R., Cilia M., Cinteza E., Claessens F., Clarke J., Clays E., Cohen E., Concin H., Confortin S.C., Cooper C., Coppinger T.C., Corpeleijn E., Costanzo S., Cottel D., Cowell C., Craig C.L., Crampin A.C., Crujeiras A.B., Csilla S., Cucu A.M., Cui L., Cureau F.V., D'Arrigo G., d'Orsi E., Dacica L., Dal Re Saavedra M.A., Dallongeville J., Damasceno A., Damsgaard C.T., Dankner R., Dantoft T.M., Dasgupta P., Dastgiri S., Dauchet L., Davletov K., De Backer G., De Bacquer D., de Gaetano G., De Henauw S., de Oliveira P.D., De Ridder D., De Ridder K., de Rooij S.R., De Smedt D., Deepa M., Deev A.D., DeGennaro V., Dehghan A., Delisle H., Delpeuch F., Demarest S., Dennison E., Deren K., Deschamps V., Dhana K., Dhimal M., Di Castelnuovo A.F., Dias-da-Costa J.S., Diaz-Sanchez M.E., Diaz A., Dika Z., Djalalinia S., Djordjic V., Do H.T., Dobson A.J., Donati M.B., Donfrancesco C., Donoso S.P., Doring A., Dorobantu M., Dorosty A.R., Doua K., Drygas W., Duan J.L., Duante C.A., Duboz P., Duda R.B., Duleva V., Dulskiene V., Dumith S.C., Dushpanova A., Dzerve V., Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E., Eddie R., Eftekhar E., Egbagbe E.E., Eggertsen R., Eghtesad S., Eiben G., Ekelund U., El-Khateeb M., El Ati J., Eldemire-Shearer D., Eliasen M., Elliott P., Engle-Stone R., Enguerran M., Erasmus R.T., Erbel R., Erem C., Eriksen L., Eriksson J.G., Escobedo-de la Pena J., Eslami S., Esmaeili A., Evans A., Faeh D., Fakhretdinova A.A., Fall C.H., Faramarzi E., Farjam M., Farrugia Sant'Angelo V., Farzadfar F., Fattahi M.R., Fawwad A., Felix-Redondo F.J., Ferguson T.S., Fernandes R.A., Fernandez-Berges D., Ferrante D., Ferrao T., Ferrari M., Ferrario M.M., Ferreccio C., Ferrer E., Ferrieres J., Figueiro T.H., Fijalkowska A., Fink G., Fischer K., Foger B., Foo L.H., Forsner M., Fouad H.M., Francis D.K., Franco M.D.C., Franco O.H., Frikke-Schmidt R., Frontera G., Fuchs F.D., Fuchs S.C., Fujiati I.I., Fujita Y., Fumihiko M., Furusawa T., Gaciong Z., Gafencu M., Galbarczyk A., Galenkamp H., Galeone D., Galfo M., Galvano F., Gao J., Garcia-de-la-Hera M., Garcia-Solano M., Gareta D., Garnett S.P., Gaspoz J.-M., Gasull M., Gaya A.C.A., Gaya A.R., Gazzinelli A., Gehring U., Geiger H., Geleijnse J.M., Ghanbari A., Ghasemi E., Gheorghe-Fronea O.-F., Giampaoli S., Gianfagna F., Gill T.K., Giovannelli J., Gironella G., Giwercman A., Gkiouras K., Godos J., Gogen S., Goldsmith R.A., Goltzman D., Gomez S.F., Gomula A., Goncalves Cordeiro da Silva B., Goncalves H., Gonzalez-Chica D.A., Gonzalez-Gross M., Gonzalez-Leon M., Gonzalez-Rivas J.P., Gonzalez-Villalpando C., Gonzalez-Villalpando M.-E., Gonzalez A.R., Gottrand F., Graca A.P., Graff-Iversen S., Grafnetter D., Grajda A., Grammatikopoulou M.G., Gregor R.D., Grodzicki T., Groholt E.K., Grontved A., Grosso G., Gruden G., Gu D., Gualdi-Russo E., Guallar-Castillon P., Gualtieri A., Gudmundsson E.F., Gudnason V., Guerrero R., Guessous I., Guimaraes A.L., Gulliford M.C., Gunnlaugsdottir J., Gunter M.J., Guo X.-H., Guo Y., Gupta P.C., Gupta R., Gureje O., Gurzkowska B., Gutierrez-Gonzalez E., Gutierrez L., Gutzwiller F., Ha S., Hadaegh F., Hadjigeorgiou C.A., Haghshenas R., Hakimi H., Halkjaer J., Hambleton I.R., Hamzeh B., Hange D., Hanif A.A., Hantunen S., Hari Kumar R., Hashemi-Shahri S.M., Hassapidou M., Hata J., Haugsgjerd T., Hayes A.J., He J., He Y., Heidinger-Felso R., Heinen M., Hejgaard T., Hendriks M.E., Henrique R.D.S., Henriques A., Hernandez Cadena L., Herrala S., Herrera V.M., Herter-Aeberli I., Heshmat R., Hill A.G., Ho S.Y., Ho S.C., Hobbs M., Hofman A., Holden Bergh I., Holdsworth M., Homayounfar R., Homs C., Hopman W.M., Horimoto A.R., Hormiga C.M., Horta B.L., Houti L., Howitt C., Htay T.T., Htet A.S., Htike M.M.T., Hu Y., Huerta J.M., Huhtaniemi I.T., Huidumac Petrescu C., Husseini A., Huu C.N., Huybrechts I., Hwalla N., Hyska J., Iacoviello L., Ibarluzea J.M., Ibrahim M.M., Ibrahim Wong N., Ikeda N., Ikram M.A., Iotova V., Irazola V.E., Ishida T., Islam M., Islam S.M.S., Iwasaki M., Jackson R.T., Jacobs J.M., Jaddou H.Y., Jafar T., James K., Jamil K.M., Jamrozik K., Janszky I., Janus E., Jarani J., Jarvelin M.-R., Jasienska G., Jelakovic A., Jelakovic B., Jennings G., Jha A.K., Jiang C.Q., Jimenez R.O., Jockel K.-H., Joffres M., Johansson M., Jokelainen J.J., Jonas J.B., Jorgensen T., Joshi P., Joukar F., Jovic D.P., Jozwiak J.J., Juolevi A., Jurak G., Jurca Simina I., Juresa V., Kaaks R., Kaducu F.O., Kafatos A., Kajantie E.O., Kalmatayeva Z., Kalter-Leibovici O., Kameli Y., Kanala K.R., Kannan S., Kapantais E., Karki K.B., Katibeh M., Katz J., Katzmarzyk P.T., Kauhanen J., Kaur P., Kavousi M., Kazakbaeva G.M., Keil U., Keinan Boker L., Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S., Kelishadi R., Kelleher C., Kemper H.C., Keramati M., Kerimkulova A., Kersting M., Key T., Khader Y.S., Khalili D., Khaw K.-T., Kheiri B., Kheradmand M., Khosravi A., Khouw I.M., Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U., Kiechl S., Killewo J., Kim D.W., Kim H.C., Kim J., Kindblom J.M., Klakk H., Klimek M., Klimont J., Klumbiene J., Knoflach M., Koirala B., Kolle E., Kolsteren P., Konig J., Korpelainen R., Korrovits P., Korzycka M., Kos J., Koskinen S., Kouda K., Kovacs V.A., Kowlessur S., Koziel S., Kratzer W., Kriemler S., Kristensen P.L., Krokstad S., Kromhout D., Krtalic B., Kruger H.S., Kubinova R., Kuciene R., Kujala U.M., Kujundzic E., Kulaga Z., Kumar R.K., Kunesova M., Kurjata P., Kusuma Y.S., Kuulasmaa K., Kyobutungi C., La Q.N., Laamiri F.Z., Laatikainen T., Lachat C., Laid Y., Lam T.H., Lambrinou C.-P., Landais E., Lanska V., Lappas G., Larijani B., Latt T.S., Lauria L., Lazo-Porras M., Le Nguyen Bao K., Le Port A., Le T.D., Lee J., Lee P.H., Lehmann N., Lehtimaki T., Lemogoum D., Levitt N.S., Li Y., Liivak M., Lilly C.L., Lim W.-Y., Lima-Costa M.F., Lin H.-H., Lin X., Lin Y.-T., Lind L., Linneberg A., Lissner L., Litwin M., Liu J., Liu L., Lo W.-C., Loit H.-M., Long K.Q., Lopes L., Lopes O., Lopez-Garcia E., Lopez T., Lotufo P.A., Lozano J.E., Lukrafka J.L., Luksiene D., Lundqvist A., Lundqvist R., Lunet N., Lunogelo C., Lustigova M., Luszczki E., Ma G., Ma J., Ma X., Machado-Coelho G.L., Machado-Rodrigues A.M., Machi S., Macieira L.M., Madar A.A., Maggi S., Magliano D.J., Magnacca S., Magriplis E., Mahasampath G., Maire B., Majer M., Makdisse M., Maki P., Malekzadeh F., Malhotra R., Mallikharjuna Rao K., Malyutina S.K., Maniego L.V., Manios Y., Mann J.I., Mansour-Ghanaei F., Manzato E., Margozzini P., Markaki A., Markey O., Markidou Ioannidou E., Marques-Vidal P., Marques L.P., Marrugat J., Martin-Prevel Y., Martin R., Martorell R., Martos E., Marventano S., Mascarenhas L.P., Masoodi S.R., Mathiesen E.B., Mathur P., Matijasevich A., Matsha T.E., Mavrogianni C., Mazur A., Mbanya J.C.N., McFarlane S.R., McGarvey S.T., McKee M., McLachlan S., McLean R.M., McLean S.B., McNulty B.A., Mediene-Benchekor S., Medzioniene J., Mehdipour P., Mehlig K., Mehrparvar A.H., Meirhaeghe A., Meisfjord J., Meisinger C., Menezes A.M.B., Menon G.R., Mensink G.B., Menzano M.T., Mereke A., Meshram I.I., Metspalu A., Mi J., Michaelsen K.F., Michels N., Mikkel K., Milkowska K., Miller J.C., Minderico C.S., Mini G.K., Miquel J.F., Mirjalili M.R., Mirkopoulou D., Mirrakhimov E., Misigoj-Durakovic M., Mistretta A., Mocanu V., Modesti P.A., Moghaddam S.S., Mohajer B., Mohamed M.K., Mohamed S.F., Mohammad K., Mohammadi Z., Mohammadifard N., Mohammadpourhodki R., Mohan V., Mohanna S., Mohd Yusoff M.F., Mohebbi I., Mohebi F., Moitry M., Molbo D., Mollehave L.T., Moller N.C., Molnar D., Momenan A., Mondo C.K., Monroy-Valle M., Monterrubio-Flores E., Monyeki K.D.K., Moosazadeh M., Moreira L.B., Morejon A., Moreno L.A., Morgan K., Morin S.N., Mortensen E.L., Moschonis G., Mossakowska M., Mostafa A., Mota-Pinto A., Mota J., Motlagh M.E., Motta J., Moura-dos-Santos M.A., Mridha M.K., Msyamboza K.P., Mu T.T., Muc M., Mugosa B., Muiesan M.L., Mukhtorova P., Muller-Nurasyid M., Murphy N., Mursu J., Murtagh E.M., Musa K.I., Music Milanovic S., Musil V., Mustafa N., Nabipour I., Naderimagham S., Nagel G., Naidu B.M., Najafi F., Nakamura H., Namesna J., Nang E.E.K., Nangia V.B., Nankap M., Narake S., Nardone P., Nauck M., Neal W.A., Nejatizadeh A., Nelis K., Nelis L., Nenko I., Neovius M., Nervi F., Nguyen C.T., Nguyen D., Nguyen Q.N., Nieto-Martinez R.E., Nikitin Y.P., Ning G., Ninomiya T., Nishtar S., Noale M., Noboa O.A., Nogueira H., Norat T., Nordendahl M., Nordestgaard B.G., Noto D., Nowak-Szczepanska N., Nsour M.A., Nuhoglu I., Nurk E., O'Neill T.W., O'Reilly D., Obreja G., Ochimana C., Ochoa-Aviles A.M., Oda E., Oh K., Ohara K., Ohlsson C., Ohtsuka R., Olafsson O., Olinto M.T.A., Oliveira I.O., Omar M.A., Onat A., Ong S.K., Ono L.M., Ordunez P., Ornelas R., Ortiz A.P., Ortiz P.J., Osler M., Osmond C., Ostojic S.M., Ostovar A., Otero J.A., Overvad K., Owusu-Dabo E., Paccaud F.M., Padez C., Pagkalos I., Pahomova E., Paiva K.M.D., Pajak A., Palli D., Palloni A., Palmieri L., Pan W.-H., Panda-Jonas S., Pandey A., Panza F., Papandreou D., Park S.-W., Park S., Parnell W.R., Parsaeian M., Pascanu I.M., Pasquet P., Patel N.D., Pednekar M.S., Peer N., Peixoto S.V., Peltonen M., Pereira A.C., Peres M.A., Perez-Farinos N., Perez C.M., Peterkova V., Peters A., Petersmann A., Petkeviciene J., Petrauskiene A., Pettenuzzo E., Peykari N., Pham S.T., Pichardo R.N., Pierannunzio D., Pigeot I., Pikhart H., Pilav A., Pilotto L., Pistelli F., Pitakaka F., Piwonska A., Pizarro A.N., Plans-Rubio P., Poh B.K., Pohlabeln H., Pop R.M., Porta M., Posch G., Poudyal A., Poulimeneas D., Pouraram H., Pourfarzi F., Pourshams A., Poustchi H., Pradeepa R., Price A.J., Price J.F., Providencia R., Puder J.J., Pudule I., Puhakka S.E., Puiu M., Punab M., Qasrawi R.F., Qorbani M., Quoc Bao T., Radic I., Radisauskas R., Rahimikazerooni S., Rahman M., Raitakari O., Raj M., Rakhimova E., Rakhmatulloev S., Rakovac I., Ramachandra Rao S., Ramachandran A., Ramke J., Ramos E., Ramos R., Rampal L., Rampal S., Rarra V., Rascon-Pacheco R.A., Rasmussen M., Rech C.R., Redon J., Reganit P.F.M., Regecova V., Revilla L., Rezaianzadeh A., Ribas-Barba L., Ribeiro R., Riboli E., Richter A., Rigo F., Rinaldo N., Rinke de Wit T.F., Rito A., Ritti-Dias R.M., Rivera J.A., Robitaille C., Roccaldo R., Rodrigues D., Rodriguez-Artalejo F., Rodriguez-Perez M.D.C., Rodriguez-Villamizar L.A., Roggenbuck U., Rojas-Martinez R., Rojroongwasinkul N., Romaguera D., Romeo E.L., Rosario R.V., Rosengren A., Rouse I., Roy J.G., Rubinstein A., Ruhli F.J., Ruidavets J.-B., Ruiz-Betancourt B.S., Ruiz Moreno E., Rusakova I.A., Russell Jonsson K., Russo P., Rust P., Rutkowski M., Sabanayagam C., Sacchini E., Sachdev H.S., Sadjadi A., Safarpour A.R., Safi S., Safiri S., Saidi O., Saki N., Salanave B., Salazar Martinez E., Salmeron D., Salomaa V., Salonen J.T., Salvetti M., Samoutian M., Sanchez-Abanto J., Sandjaja, Sans S., Santa Marina L., Santos D.A., Santos I.S., Santos L.C., Santos M.P., Santos O., Santos R., Santos Sanz S., Saramies J.L., Sardinha L.B., Sarrafzadegan N., Sathish T., Saum K.-U., Savva S., Savy M., Sawada N., Sbaraini M., Scazufca M., Schaan B.D., Schaffrath Rosario A., Schargrodsky H., Schienkiewitz A., Schindler K., Schipf S., Schmidt C.O., Schmidt I.M., Schnohr P., Schottker B., Schramm S., Schroder H., Schultsz C., Schutte A.E., Sebert S., Sein A.A., Selamat R., Sember V., Sen A., Senbanjo I.O., Sepanlou S.G., Sequera V., Serra-Majem L., Servais J., 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Strufaldi M.W., Sturua L., Suarez-Medina R., Suka M., Sun C.-A., Sundstrom J., Sung Y.-T., Sunyer J., Suriyawongpaisal P., Swinburn B.A., Sy R.G., Syddall H.E., Sylva R.C., Szklo M., Szponar L., Tai E.S., Tammesoo M.-L., Tamosiunas A., Tan E.J., Tang X., Tanser F., Tao Y., Tarawneh M.R., Tarp J., Tarqui-Mamani C.B., Taxova Braunerova R., Taylor A., Taylor J., Tchibindat F., Tebar W.R., Tell G.S., Tello T., Thankappan K.R., Theobald H., Theodoridis X., Thijs L., Thomas N., Thuesen B.H., Ticha L., Timmermans E.J., Tjonneland A., Tolonen H.K., Tolstrup J.S., Topbas M., Topor-Madry R., Torheim L.E., Tormo M.J., Tornaritis M.J., Torrent M., Torres-Collado L., Toselli S., Traissac P., Tran T.T.-H., Trichopoulos D., Trichopoulou A., Trinh O.T., Trivedi A., Tshepo L., Tsigga M., Tsugane S., Tuliakova A.M., Tulloch-Reid M.K., Tullu F., Tuomainen T.-P., Tuomilehto J., Turley M.L., Tynelius P., Tzotzas T., Tzourio C., Ueda P., Ugel E., Ukoli F.A., Ulmer H., Unal B., Usupova Z., Uusitalo H.M., 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Wojtyniak B., Wong-McClure R.A., Wong A., Wong J.E., Wong T.Y., Woo J., Woodward M., Wu F.C., Wu J., Wu L.J., Wu S., Xu H., Xu L., Yaacob N.A., Yamborisut U., Yan W., Yang L., Yang X., Yang Y., Yardim N., Yaseri M., Yasuharu T., Ye X., Yiallouros P.K., Yoosefi M., Yoshihara A., You Q.S., You S.-L., Younger-Coleman N.O., Yusof S.M., Yusoff A.F., Zaccagni L., Zafiropulos V., Zakavi S.R., Zamani F., Zambon S., Zampelas A., Zamrazilova H., Zapata M.E., Zargar A.H., Zaw K.K., Zdrojewski T., Zeljkovic Vrkic T., Zeng Y., Zhang L., Zhang Z.-Y., Zhao D., Zhao M.-H., Zhao W., Zhen S., Zheng W., Zheng Y., Zholdin B., Zhou M., Zhu D., Zocalo Y., Zuniga Cisneros J., Zuziak M., and Ezzati M.
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Male ,body-mass index ,ADULTHOOD ,Adolescents ,pituuskasvu ,Pediatrics ,Body Mass Index ,0302 clinical medicine ,Child Development ,nuoret ,Public health surveillance ,Medicine ,Health Status Indicators ,10. No inequality ,Child ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,Body mass index ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,education.field_of_study ,VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin, sosialmedisin: 801 ,General Medicine ,Body mass indexes ,kansainvälinen vertailu ,3. Good health ,Geography ,Health ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Child, Preschool ,Medical and Health sciences ,purl.org/becyt/ford/3 [https] ,medicine.medical_specialty ,School-aged adolescents ,Socio-culturale ,lapset (ikäryhmät) ,Nursing ,territories ,ravinto ,purl.org/becyt/ford/3.3 [https] ,03 medical and health sciences ,School Children ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS ,Humans ,school-aged children and adolescents ,Montenegro ,education ,Science & Technology ,Omvårdnad ,Health sciences, Medical and Health sciences ,Ciências médicas e da saúde ,Bayes Theorem ,Anthropometry ,Adolescent Development ,medicine.disease ,TRENDS ,Height and Body-mass Index ,Faculdade de Ciências Sociais ,UNDERNUTRITION ,Height index trajectories ,Height, body mass index, children , epidemiology ,risk factors, growth ,Stature ,Demography ,Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna ,Internationality ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Body-mass index trajectories ,Epidemiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,risk factors ,countries ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,height ,children ,adolescents ,BMI ,030212 general & internal medicine ,painoindeksi ,Child development ,2. Zero hunger ,Medicine(all) ,School age child ,obestity children cardiovascular ,Population Health ,1. No poverty ,Pediatrik ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health ,Pooled analysis ,NUTRITION ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,pooled analysis ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,terveys ,height, BMI, nutrition, health, children, adolescents ,Adolescent ,growth ,Population ,body-mass ,Population based ,Body-mass index ,Young Adult ,Medicine, General & Internal ,Meta-Analysis as Topic ,General & Internal Medicine ,parasitic diseases ,Weight gain ,School-aged childrens ,Age trajectories ,business.industry ,Height ,Weight ,Body Height ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Malnutrition ,ONSET ,Ciências da Saúde, Ciências médicas e da saúde ,School-aged children ,VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine, Social medicine: 801 ,business ,terveysriskit ,Estilos de Vida e Impacto na Saúde - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents., METHODS: For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence., FINDINGS: We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls., INTERPRETATION: The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks., Wellcome Trust, AstraZeneca Young Health Programme, EU., peer-reviewed
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- 2020
92. Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
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Bixby, Honor, Bentham, James, Zhou, Bin, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Paciorek, Christopher J., Bennett, James E., Taddei, Cristina, Stevens, Gretchen A., Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M., Khang, Young-Ho, Soric, Maroje, Gregg, Edward W., Miranda, J. Jaime, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Savin, Stefan, Sophiea, Marisa K., Iurilli, Maria L. C., Solomon, Bethlehem D., Cowan, Melanie J., Riley, Leanne M., Danaei, Goodarz, Bovet, Pascal, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Hambleton, Ian R., Hayes, Alison J., Ikeda, Nayu, Kengne, Andre P., Laxmaiah, Avula, Li, Yanping, McGarvey, Stephen T., Mostafa, Aya, Neovius, Martin, Starc, Gregor, Zainuddin, Ahmad A., Abarca-Gomez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A., Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Ghaffar, Suhaila Abdul, Hamid, Zargar Abdul, Garba, Jamila Abubakar, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M., Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J., Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Agdeppa, Imelda A., Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadvand, Alireza, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Ajlouni, Kamel, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M., Ali, Mohamed M., Ali, Osman, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Al-Othman, Amani Rashed, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N., Amouyel, Philippe, Amuzu, Antoinette, Bo, Lars, Anderssen, Sigmund A., Angquist, Lars H., Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araujo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E., Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K., Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K., Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F., Aung, May Soe, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicova, Maria, Azevedo, Ana, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha V., Baharudin, Azli, Bahijri, Suhad, Baker, Jennifer L., Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, Jose R., Barbagallo, Carlo M., Barcelo, Alberto, Barkat, Amina, Barros, Aluisio J. D., Barros, Mauro V. G., Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M., Batista, Rosangela L., Battakova, Zhamilya, Batyrbek, Assembekov, Baur, Louise A., Beaglehole, Robert, Bel-Serrat, Silvia, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benedics, Judith, Benet, Mikhail, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bettiol, Heloisa, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bharadwaj, Sumit, Bhargava, Santosh K., Bi, Hongsheng, Bi, Yufang, Biehl, Anna, Lele, Elysee Claude Bika, Bikbov, Mukharram, Bista, Bihungum, Bjelica, Dusko J., Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B., Bjorkelund, Cecilia, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boddy, Lynne M., Boehm, Bernhard O., Boeing, Heiner, Boggia, Jose G., Boissonnet, Carlos P., Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bongard, Vanina, Bopp, Matthias, Borchini, Rossana, Borghs, Herman, Braeckevelt, Lien, Braeckman, Lutgart, Bragt, Marjolijn C. E., Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Breda, Joao, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M., Brian, Garry R., Brinduse, Lacramioara, Bruno, Graziella, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Bugge, Anna, Buoncristiano, Marta, Burazeri, Genc, Burns, Con, Cabrera de Leon, Antonio, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cai, Hui, Cama, Tilema, Cameron, Christine, Camolas, Jose, Can, Gamze, Can, Gunay, Candido, Ana Paula C., Canete, Felicia, Capanzana, Mario V., Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardoso, Viviane C., Carlsson, Axel C., Carmuega, Esteban, Carvalho, Maria J., Casanueva, Felipe F., Casas, Juan-Pablo, Caserta, Carmelo A., Celikcan, Ertugrul, Censi, Laura, Cesar, Juraci A., Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique W., Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K., Chaturvedi, Nishi, Rahim, Norsyamlina Che Abdul, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheng, Yiling J., Chetrit, Angela, Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Cho, Yumi, Christensen, Kaare, Christofaro, Diego G., Chudek, Jerzy, Cifkova, Renata, Cilia, Michelle, Cinteza, Eliza, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Concin, Hans, Confortin, Susana C., Cooper, Cyrus, Coppinger, Tara C., Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L., Crampin, Amelia C., Crujeiras, Ana B., Cruz, Juan J., Cucu, Alexandra, Cui, Liufu, Dallongeville, Jean, Damasceno, Albertino, Damsgaard, Camilla T., Dankner, Rachel, Dantoft, Thomas M., D'Arrigo, Graziella, Dasgupta, Parasmani, Dastgiri, Saeed, Dauchet, Luc, Davletov, Kairat, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Curtis, Amalia, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, de Oliveira, Paula Duarte, De Ridder, Karin, de Rooij, Susanne R., De Smedt, Delphine, Deepa, Mohan, Deev, Alexander D., Dehghan, Abbas, Delisle, Helene, Delpeuch, Francis, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valerie, Dhana, Klodian, Dhimal, Meghnath, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F., Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares, Diaz, Alejandro, Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Ha T. P., Dobson, Annette J., Donati, Maria Benedetta, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Donoso, Silvana P., Doering, Angela, Dorobantu, Maria, Dorosty, Ahmad Reza, d'Orsi, Eleonora, Doua, Kouamelan, Drygas, Wojciech, Duan, Jia Li, Duante, Charmaine A., Duda, Rosemary B., Duleva, Vesselka, Dulskiene, Virginija, Dumith, Samuel C., Dzerve, Vilnis, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eddie, Ricky, Egbagbe, Eruke E., Eggertsen, Robert, Eiben, Gabriele, Ekelund, Ulf, El Ati, Jalila, Eldemire-Shearer, Denise, Eliasen, Marie, Elliott, Paul, Engle-Stone, Reina, Erasmus, Rajiv T., Erem, Cihangir, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G., Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Fall, Caroline H., Sant'Angelo, Victoria Farrugia, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fattahi, Mohammad R., Felix-Redondo, Francisco J., Ferguson, Trevor S., Fernandes, Romulo A., Fernandez-Berges, Daniel, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrari, Marika, Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferrer, Eldridge, Ferrieres, Jean, Fijalkowska, Anna, Fink, Gunther, Fischer, Krista, Flores, Eric Monterubio, Foeger, Bernhard, Foo, Leng Huat, Forslund, Ann-Sofie, Forsner, Maria, Fouad, Heba M., Francis, Damian K., Franco, Maria do Carmo, Franco, Oscar H., Frontera-Juan, Guillem, Fuchs, Flavio D., Fuchs, Sandra C., Fujita, Yuki, Furusawa, Takuro, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Gafencu, Mihai, Galeone, Daniela, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Gareta, Dickman, Garnett, Sarah P., Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gates, Louise, Gazzinelli, Andrea, Geiger, Harald, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Ghanbari, Ali, Ghasemi, Erfan, Ghasemian, Anoosheh, Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina, Giampaoli, Simona, Gianfagna, Francesco, Gill, Tiffany K., Giovannelli, Jonathan, Gironella, Glen, Giwercman, Aleksander, Godos, Justyna, Gogen, Sibel, Goldsmith, Rebecca A., Goltzman, David, Goncalves, Helen, Gonzalez, Angel R., Gonzalez-Chica, David A., Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, Gonzalez-Leon, Margot, Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P., Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria-Elena, Gottrand, Frederic, Graca, Antonio Pedro, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dusan, Grajda, Aneta, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G., Gregor, Ronald D., Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grontved, Anders, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Gabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela, Gudmundsson, Elias F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Guerrero, Ramiro, Guessous, Idris, Guimaraes, Andre L., Gulliford, Martin C., Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gunter, Marc, Guo, Xiuhua, Guo, Yin, Gupta, Prakash C., Gupta, Rajeev, Gureje, Oye, Gurzkowska, Beata, Gutierrez, Laura, Gutzwiller, Felix, Hadaegh, Farzad, Hadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A., Haghshenas, Rosa, Halkjaer, Jytte, Hardy, Rebecca, Kumar, Rachakulla Hari, Hassapidou, Maria, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, He, Jiang, He, Yuna, Heidinger-Felso, Regina, Heinen, Mirjam, Hejgaard, Tatjana, Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth, Henriques, Ana, Hernandez Cadena, Leticia, Herrala, Sauli, Herrera, Victor M., Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle, Heshmat, Ramin, Hill, Allan G., Ho, Sai Yin, Ho, Suzanne C., Hobbs, Michael, Hofman, Albert, Hopman, Wilma M., Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R., Hormiga, Claudia M., Horta, Bernardo L., Houti, Leila, Howitt, Christina, Htay, Thein Thein, Htet, Aung Soe, Htike, Maung Maung Than, Hu, Yonghua, Huerta, Jose Maria, Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani, Petrescu, Constanta Huidumac, Huisman, Martijn, Husseini, Abdullatif, Chinh Nguyen Huu, Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla, Hyska, Jolanda, Iacoviello, Licia, Ibarluzea, Jesus M., Ibrahim, Mohsen M., Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim, Ikram, M. Arfan, Irazola, Vilma E., Ishida, Takafumi, Islam, Muhammad, Ismail, Aziz al-Safi, Ivkovic, Vanja, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jaaskelainen, Tuija, Jackson, Rod T., Jacobs, Jeremy M., Jaddou, Hashem, Jafar, Tazeen, James, Kenneth, Jamil, Kazi M., Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Janus, Edward, Jarani, Juel, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jelakovic, Ana, Jelakovic, Bojan, Jennings, Garry, Jeong, Seung-Lyeal, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Jimenez, Ramon O., Joffres, Michel, Johansson, Mattias, Jokelainen, Jari J., Jonas, Jost B., Jorgensen, Torben, Joshi, Pradeep, Jovic, Dragana P., Jozwiak, Jacek, Juolevi, Anne, Jurak, Gregor, Juresa, Vesna, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kafatos, Anthony, Kajantie, Eero O., Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kamaruddin, Nor Azmi, Kameli, Yves, Kapantais, Efthymios, Karki, Khem B., Kasaeian, Amir, Katibeh, Marzieh, Katz, Joanne, Katzmarzyk, Peter T., Kauhanen, Jussi, Kaur, Prabhdeep, Kavousi, Maryam, Kazakbaeva, Gyulli, Keil, Ulrich, Keinan-Boker, Lital, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kelleher, Cecily, Kemper, Han C. G., Kerimkulova, Alina, Kersting, Mathilde, Key, Timothy, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalili, Davood, Khateeb, Mohammad, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kheiri, Bahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Khouw, Ilse M. S. L., Kiechl, Stefan, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Killewo, Japhet, Kim, Jeongseon, Kim, Yeon-Yong, Klimont, Jeannette, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Koirala, Bhawesh, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, Koenig, Jurgen, Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Korzycka, Magdalena, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kovacs, Viktoria A., Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriemler, Susi, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krokstad, Steinar, Kromhout, Daan, Kruger, Herculina S., Kubinova, Ruzena, Kuciene, Renata, Kuh, Diana, Kujala, Urho M., Kujundzic, Enisa, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Kumar, R. Krishna, Kunesova, Marie, Kurjata, Pawel, Kusuma, Yadlapalli S., Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kyobutungi, Catherine, Quang Ngoc La, Laamiri, Fatima Zahra, Laatikainen, Tiina, Lachat, Carl, Laid, Youcef, Tai Hing Lam, Morovic, Maja Lang, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Larijani, Bagher, Latt, Tint Swe, Laugsand, Lars E., Lauria, Laura, Lazo-Porras, Maria, Khanh Le Nguyen Bao, Le Port, Agnes, Le, Tuyen D., Lee, Jeannette, Lee, Jeonghee, Lee, Paul H., Lehtimaki, Terho, Lemogoum, Daniel, Levitt, Naomi S., Lilly, Christa L., Lim, Wei-Yen, Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Linneberg, Allan, Lissner, Lauren, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Liu, Jing, Loit, Helle-Mai, Lopes, Luis, Lopez, Tania, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lorbeer, Roberto, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lozano, Jose Eugenio, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lunet, Nuno, Lytsy, Per, Ma, Guansheng, Ma, Jun, Machado-Coelho, George L. 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H, Zapata ME, Zaw KK, Zdrojewski T, Zeljkovic Vrkic T, Zeng Y, Zhao D, Zhao W, Zheng W, Zheng Y, Zholdin B, Zhou M, Zhu D, Zhussupov B, Zimmermann E, Zuñiga Cisneros J, Ezzati M, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K. [0000-0002-8339-9285], APH - Societal Participation & Health, APH - Aging & Later Life, Epidemiology and Data Science, Public and occupational health, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, and APH - Personalized Medicine
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Male ,Rural Population ,obesity ,Obesity, body mass index ,Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna ,Letter ,Urban Population ,Epidemiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,humanos ,body-mass index ,adolescente ,Geographic Mapping ,Sex Factor ,países desarrollados ,Rural Health ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.09 [https] ,systematic analysis ,Body Mass Index ,países en desarrollo ,80 and over ,risk factors ,Age Factor ,physical-activity ,mediana edad ,mapeo geográfico ,Aged, 80 and over ,anciano ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.18 [https] ,dieta ,Age Factors ,health ,adulto ,Middle Aged ,Multidisciplinary Sciences ,adulto joven ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,estado nutricional ,nutrition ,Science & Technology - Other Topics ,NUTRITION ,Female ,HEALTH ,pooled analysis ,Diet, Healthy ,worldwide trends ,Human ,Developed Countrie ,Adult ,Adolescent ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.04 [https] ,FOOD SYSTEM ,Socio-culturale ,Nutritional Status ,URBAN ,Aged ,Developed Countries ,Developing Countries ,Humans ,Obesity ,Sex Factors ,Urban Health ,Young Adult ,POOLED ANALYSIS ,Developing Countrie ,MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES ,SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS ,Urban rural Obesity Body-Mass-Index ,obesidad ,Middle-income countries ,food system ,urban ,weight ,Healthy ,Science & Technology ,índice de masa corporal ,Diet ,PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY ,WORLDWIDE TRENDS ,Risk factors ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,WEIGHT - Abstract
Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories., This study was funded by the Wellcome Trust. H.B. was supported by a Medical Research Council Doctoral Training Partnership Studentship, J.B. by a Royal Society Research Grant, and M.D.C. by an Academy of Medical Sciences Springboard Award. We thank L. Jaacks, B. Popkin, S. Sundberg and W. Willett for recommendations of relevant citations. The authors are responsible for the views expressed in this Letter and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated.
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93. A novel strategy for quantitation of T-cell receptor usage in autoimmunity
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Manfras, B.J., Rudert, W.A., Trucco, M., and Böhm, B.O.
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- 1994
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94. 1.P.304 Coronary artery disease is associated with the angiotensinogen 235T variant, but not with the ACE Ins/Del polymorphism
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Nauck, M., Winkelmann, B.R., Klein, b., Russ, A., Böhm, B.O., Groß, W., Wieland, H., and März, W.
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- 1997
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95. 135 Angiotensinogen M235T polymorphism, but not ace insertion/deletion polymorphism is associated with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction
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Nauck, M., Winkelmann, B.R., Russ, A.P., Klein, B., Böhm, B.O, Groβ, W., Wieland, H., and Mörz, W.
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- 1997
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96. Increase of bone mineral density with sodium fluoride in patients with Crohn's disease
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Tirpitz, C.v., Klaus, J., Brückel, J., Rieber, A., Böhm, B.O., Adler, G., and Reinshagen, M.
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- 1998
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97. Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults
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- Abstract
Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults. We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height and weight on 128·9 million participants aged 5 years and older, including 31·5 million aged 5-19 years. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2016 in 200 countries for mean BMI and for prevalence of BMI in the following categories for children and adolescents aged 5-19 years: more than 2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference for children and adolescents (referred to as moderate and severe underweight hereafter), 2 SD to more than 1 SD below the median (mild underweight), 1 SD below the median to 1 SD above the median (healthy weight), more than 1 SD to 2 SD above the median (overweight but not obese), and more than 2 SD above the median (obesity). Regional change in age-standardised mean BMI in girls from 1975 to 2016 ranged from virtually no change (-0·01 kg/m2 per decade; 95% credible interval -0·42 to 0·39, posterior probability [PP] of the observed decrease being a true decrease=0·5098) in eastern Europe to an increase of 1·00 kg/m2 per decade (0·69-1·35, PP>0·9999) in central Latin America and an increase of 0·95 kg/m2 per decade (0·64-1·25, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. The range for boys was from a non-significant increase of 0·09 kg/m2 per decade (-0·33 to 0·49, PP=0·6926) in eastern Europe to an increase of 0·77 kg/m2 per decade (0·50-1·06, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Trends in mean BMI have recently flattened in northwestern Europe and the high-income English-speaking and Asia-Pacific regions for both sexes, southwestern Europe for boys, and central and Andean Latin America for girls. By contrast, the rise in BMI has accelerated in east and south Asia for both sexes, and southeast Asia for boys. Global age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 0·7% (0·4-1·2) in 1975 to 5·6% (4·8-6·5) in 2016 in girls, and from 0·9% (0·5-1·3) in 1975 to 7·8% (6·7-9·1) in 2016 in boys; the prevalence of moderate and severe underweight decreased from 9·2% (6·0-12·9) in 1975 to 8·4% (6·8-10·1) in 2016 in girls and from 14·8% (10·4-19·5) in 1975 to 12·4% (10·3-14·5) in 2016 in boys. Prevalence of moderate and severe underweight was highest in India, at 22·7% (16·7-29·6) among girls and 30·7% (23·5-38·0) among boys. Prevalence of obesity was more than 30% in girls in Nauru, the Cook Islands, and Palau; and boys in the Cook Islands, Nauru, Palau, Niue, and American Samoa in 2016. Prevalence of obesity was about 20% or more in several countries in Polynesia and Micronesia, the Middle East and north Africa, the Caribbean, and the USA. In 2016, 75 (44-117) million girls and 117 (70-178) million boys worldwide were moderately or severely underweight. In the same year, 50 (24-89) million girls and 74 (39-125) million boys worldwide were obese. The rising trends in children's and adolescents' BMI have plateaued in many high-income countries, albeit at high levels, but have accelerated in parts of Asia, with trends no longer correlated with those of adults. Wellcome Trust, AstraZeneca Young Health Programme.
- Published
- 2017
98. Defining the role of common variation in the genomic and biological architecture of adult human height
- Author
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M., Isotope Research, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Ehret, Georg Benedikt, Wood, A, Esko, T, Yang, J, Vedantam, S, Pers, T, Gustafsson, S, Chu, A, Estrada, K, Luan, J, Kutalik, Z, Amin, N, Buchkovich, M, Croteau Chonka, D, Day, F, Duan, Y, Fall, T, Fehrmann, R, Ferreira, T, Jackson, A, Karjalainen, J, Lo, K, Locke, A, Mägi, R, Mihailov, E, Porcu, E, Randall, J, Scherag, A, Vinkhuyzen, A, Westra, H, Winkler, T, 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Hirschhorn, Jn, Frayling, Tm, Epidemiology, Surgery, Public Health, Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC other, Genetic Identification, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Clinical Genetics, Biological Psychology, AIMMS, Functional Genomics, EMGO+ - Lifestyle, Overweight and Diabetes, Wood, AR, Vadantam, S, Hypponen, Elina, Frayling, TM, Wood A.R., Esko T., Yang J., Vedantam S., Pers T.H., Gustafsson S., Chu A.Y., Estrada K., Luan J., Kutalik Z., Amin N., Buchkovich M.L., Croteau-Chonka D.C., Day F.R., Duan Y., Fall T., Fehrmann R., Ferreira T., Jackson A.U., Karjalainen J., Lo K.S., Locke A.E., Magi R., Mihailov E., Porcu E., Randall J.C., Scherag A., Vinkhuyzen A.A.E., Westra H.-J., Winkler T.W., Workalemahu T., Zhao J.H., Absher D., Albrecht E., Anderson D., Baron J., Beekman M., Demirkan A., Ehret G.B., Feenstra B., Feitosa M.F., Fischer K., Fraser R.M., Goel A., Gong J., Justice A.E., Kanoni S., Kleber M.E., Kristiansson K., Lim U., Lotay V., Lui J.C., Mangino M., Leach I.M., 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Price A.L., Lettre G., Loos R.J.F., Weedon M.N., Ingelsson E., O'Connell J.R., Abecasis G.R., Chasman D.I., Goddard M.E., Visscher P.M., Hirschhorn J.N., and Frayling T.M.
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Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) ,BIO/12 - BIOCHIMICA CLINICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE CLINICA ,Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMEMERGEGE) Consortium ,Medizin ,Genome-wide association study ,Adult ,Analysis of Variance ,Body Height/genetics ,European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ,Genetic Variation/genetics ,Genetics, Population ,Genome-Wide Association Study/methods ,Humans ,Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ,heritability ,0302 clinical medicine ,Genome-wide ,SNPS ,snps ,Genetics & Heredity ,ddc:616 ,Genetics ,Medical And Health Sciences ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,variants ,GENETIC-VARIATION ,Biological Sciences ,Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15] ,body height ,genetic-variation ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Single Nucleotide/genetics ,Human ,European Continental Ancestry Group ,Population ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Biology ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Article ,White People ,NO ,complex traits ,03 medical and health sciences ,Genetic variation ,heritability, adult, height ,Polymorphism ,Human height ,PAGEGE Consortium ,education ,Gene ,VLAG ,030304 developmental biology ,Global Nutrition ,Wereldvoeding ,genome-wide association study ,Science & Technology ,Whites ,Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysi ,MUTATIONS ,COMPLEX TRAITS ,ta1184 ,Klinisk medicin ,population genetics ,Genetic Variation ,Heritability ,ta3121 ,mutations ,Genetic architecture ,Body Height ,genetic variation ,MIGen Consortium ,Inflammatory diseases Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 5] ,Clinical Medicine ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,height ,LifeLines Cohort Study ,Developmental Biology ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext Using genome-wide data from 253,288 individuals, we identified 697 variants at genome-wide significance that together explained one-fifth of the heritability for adult height. By testing different numbers of variants in independent studies, we show that the most strongly associated approximately 2,000, approximately 3,700 and approximately 9,500 SNPs explained approximately 21%, approximately 24% and approximately 29% of phenotypic variance. Furthermore, all common variants together captured 60% of heritability. The 697 variants clustered in 423 loci were enriched for genes, pathways and tissue types known to be involved in growth and together implicated genes and pathways not highlighted in earlier efforts, such as signaling by fibroblast growth factors, WNT/beta-catenin and chondroitin sulfate-related genes. We identified several genes and pathways not previously connected with human skeletal growth, including mTOR, osteoglycin and binding of hyaluronic acid. Our results indicate a genetic architecture for human height that is characterized by a very large but finite number (thousands) of causal variants.
- Published
- 2014
99. Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4.4 million participants
- Author
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NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), Zhou, B., Lu, Y., Hajifathalian, K., Bentham, J., Di Cesare, M., Danaei, G., Bixby, H., Cowan, M.J., Ali, M.K., Taddei, C., Lo, W.C., Reis-Santos, B., Stevens, G.A., Riley, L.M., Miranda, J.J., Bjerregaard, P., Rivera, J.A., Fouad, H.M., Ma, G., Mbanya, J.C., McGarvey, S.T., Mohan, V., Onat, A., Pilav, A., Ramachandran, A., Romdhane, H.B., Paciorek, C.J., Bennett, J.E., Ezzati, M., Abdeen, Z.A., Abdul Kadir, K., Abu-Rmeileh, N.M., Acosta-Cazares, B., Adams, R., Aekplakorn, W., Aguilar-Salinas, C.A., Agyemang, C., Ahmadvand, A., Al-Othman, A.R., Alkerwi, A., Amouyel, P., Amuzu, A., Andersen, L.B., Anderssen, S.A., Anjana, R.M., Aounallah-Skhiri, H., Aris, T., Arlappa, N., Arveiler, D., Assah, F.K., Avdicová, M., Azizi, F., Balakrishna, N., Bandosz, P., Barbagallo, C.M., Barceló, A., Batieha, A.M., Baur, L.A., Benet, M., Bernabe-Ortiz, A., Bharadwaj, S., Bhargava, S.K., Bi, Y., Bjertness, E., Bjertness, M.B., Björkelund, C., Blokstra, A., Bo, S., Boehm, B.O., Boissonnet, C.P., Bovet, P., Brajkovich, I., Breckenkamp, J., Brenner, H., Brewster, L.M., Brian, G.R., Bruno, G., Bugge, A., Cabrera de León, A., Can, G., Cândido, A.P., Capuano, V., Carlsson, A.C., Carvalho, M.J., Casanueva, F.F., Casas, J.P., Caserta, C.A., Castetbon, K., Chamukuttan, S., Chaturvedi, N., Chen, C.J., Chen, F., Chen, S., Cheng, C.Y., Chetrit, A., Chiou, S.T., Cho, Y., Chudek, J., Cifkova, R., Claessens, F., Concin, H., Cooper, C., Cooper, R., Costanzo, S., Cottel, D., Cowell, C., Crujeiras, A.B., D'Arrigo, G., Dallongeville, J., Dankner, R., Dauchet, L., de Gaetano, G., De Henauw, S., Deepa, M., Dehghan, A., Deschamps, V., Dhana, K., Di Castelnuovo, A.F., Djalalinia, S., Doua, K., Drygas, W., Du, Y., Dzerve, V., Egbagbe, E.E., Eggertsen, R., El Ati, J., Elosua, R., Erasmus, R.T., Erem, C., Ergor, G., Eriksen, L., Escobedo-de la Peña, J., Fall, C.H., Farzadfar, F., Felix-Redondo, F.J., Ferguson, T.S., Fernández-Bergés, D., Ferrari, M., Ferreccio, C., Feskens, E.J., Finn, J.D., Föger, B., Foo, L.H., Forslund, A.S., Francis, D.K., Franco, M.do C., Franco, O.H., Frontera, G., Furusawa, T., Gaciong, Z., Garnett, S.P., Gaspoz, J.M., Gasull, M., Gates, L., Geleijnse, J.M., Ghasemian, A., Ghimire, A., Giampaoli, S., Gianfagna, F., Giovannelli, J., Giwercman, A., Gross, M.G., González Rivas, J.P., Gorbea, M.B., Gottrand, F., Grafnetter, D., Grodzicki, T., Grøntved, A., Gruden, G., Gu, D., Guan, O.P., Guerrero, R., Guessous, I., Guimaraes, A.L., Gutierrez, L., Hambleton, I.R., Hardy, R., Hari Kumar, R., Hata, J., He, J., Heidemann, C., Herrala, S., Hihtaniemi, I.T., Ho, S.Y., Ho, S.C., Hofman, A., Hormiga, C.M., Horta, B.L., Houti, L., Howitt, C., Htay, T.T., Htet, A.S., Htike, M.M., Hu, Y., Hussieni, A.S., Huybrechts, I., Hwalla, N., Iacoviello, L., Iannone, A.G., Ibrahim, M.M., Ikeda, N., Ikram, M.A., Irazola, V.E., Islam, M., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, J.M., Jafar, T., Jamil, K.M., Jasienska, G., Jiang, C.Q., Jonas, J.B., Joshi, P., Kafatos, A., Kalter-Leibovici, O., Kasaeian, A., Katz, J., Kaur, P., Kavousi, M., Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Kelishadi, R., Kengne, A.P., Kersting, M., Khader, Y.S., Khalili, D., Khang, Y.H., Kiechl, S., Kim, J., Kolsteren, P., Korrovits, P., Kratzer, W., Kromhout, D., Kujala, U.M., Kula, K., Kyobutungi, C., Laatikainen, T., Lachat, C., Laid, Y., Lam, T.H., Landrove, O., Lanska, V., Lappas, G., Laxmaiah, A., Leclercq, C., Lee, J., Lehtimäki, T., Lekhraj, R., León-Muñoz, L.M., Li, Y., Lim, W.Y., Lima-Costa, M.F., Lin, H.H., Lin, X., Lissner, L., Lorbeer, R., Lozano, J.E., Luksiene, D., Lundqvist, A., Lytsy, P., Machado-Coelho, G.L., Machi, S., Maggi, S., Magliano, D.J., Makdisse, M., Mallikharjuna Rao, K., Manios, Y., Manzato, E., Margozzini, P., Marques-Vidal, P., Martorell, R., Masoodi, S.R., Mathiesen, E.B., Matsha, T.E., McFarlane, S.R., McLachlan, S., McNulty, B.A., Mediene-Benchekor, S., Meirhaeghe, A., Menezes, A.M., Merat, S., Meshram, I.I., Mi, J., Miquel, J.F., Mohamed, M.K., Mohammad, K., Mohammadifard, N., Mohd Yusoff, M.F., Møller, N.C., Molnár, D., Mondo, C.K., Morejon, A., Moreno, L.A., Morgan, K., Moschonis, G., Mossakowska, M., Mostafa, A., Mota, J., Motta, J., Mu, T.T., Muiesan, M.L., Müller-Nurasyid, M., Mursu, J., Nagel, G., Námešná, J., Nang, E.E., NangThetia, V.B., Navarrete-Muñoz, E.M., Ndiaye, N.C., Nenko, I., Nervi, F., Nguyen, N.D., Nguyen, Q.N., Nieto-Martínez, R.E., Ning, G., Ninomiya, T., Noale, M., Noto, D., Nsour, M.A., Ochoa-Avilés, A.M., Oh, K., Ordunez, P., Osmond, C., Otero, J.A., Owusu-Dabo, E., Pahomova, E., Palmieri, L., Panda-Jonas, S., Panza, F., Parsaeian, M., Peixoto, S.V., Peltonen, M., Peters, A., Peykari, N., Pham, S.T., Pitakaka, F., Piwonska, A., Piwonski, J., Plans-Rubió, P., Porta, M., Portegies, M.L., Poustchi, H., Pradeepa, R., Price, J.F., Punab, M., Qasrawi, R.F., Qorbani, M., Radisauskas, R., Rahman, M., Raitakari, O., Rao, S.R., Ramke, J., Ramos, R., Rampal, S., Rathmann, W., Redon, J., Reganit, P.F., Rigo, F., Robinson, S.M., Robitaille, C., Rodríguez-Artalejo, F., Rodriguez-Perez, M.del C., Rodríguez-Villamizar, L.A., Rojas-Martinez, R., Ronkainen, K., Rosengren, A., Rubinstein, A., Rui, O., Ruiz-Betancourt, B.S., Russo Horimoto, R.V., Rutkowski, M., Sabanayagam, C., Sachdev, H.S., Saidi, O., Sakarya, S., Salanave, B., Salonen, J.T., Salvetti, M., Sánchez-Abanto, J., Santos, D., dos Santos, R.N., Santos, R., Saramies, J.L., Sardinha, L.B., Sarrafzadegan, N., Saum, K.U., Scazufca, M., Schargrodsky, H., Scheidt-Nave, C., Sein, A.A., Sharma, S.K., Shaw, J.E., Shibuya, K., Shin, Y., Shiri, R., Siantar, R., Sibai, A.M., Simon, M., Simons, J., Simons, L.A., Sjostrom, M., Slowikowska-Hilczer, J., Slusarczyk, P., Smeeth, L., Snijder, M.B., So, H.K., Sobngwi, E., Söderberg, S., Solfrizzi, V., Sonestedt, E., Soumare, A., Staessen, J.A., Stathopoulou, M.G., Steene-Johannessen, J., Stehle, P., Stein, A.D., Stessman, J., Stöckl, D., Stokwiszewski, J., Stronks, K., Strufaldi, M.W., Sun, C.A., Sundström, J., Sung, Y.T., Suriyawongpaisal, P., Sy, R.G., Tai, E.S., Tamosiunas, A., Tang, L., Tarawneh, M., Tarqui-Mamani, C.B., Taylor, A., Theobald, H., Thijs, L., Thuesen, B.H., Tolonen, H.K., Tolstrup, J.S., Topbas, M., Torrent, M., Traissac, P., Trinh, O.T., Tulloch-Reid, M.K., Tuomainen, T.P., Turley, M.L., Tzourio, C., Ueda, P., Ukoli, F.A., Ulmer, H., Uusitalo, H.M., Valdivia, G., Valvi, D., van Rossem, L., van Valkengoed, I.G., Vanderschueren, D., Vanuzzo, D., Vega, T., Velasquez-Melendez, G., Veronesi, G., Verschuren, W.M., Verstraeten, R., Viet, L., Vioque, J., Virtanen, J.K., Visvikis-Siest, S., Viswanathan, B., Vollenweider, P., Voutilainen, S., Vrijheid, M., Wade, A.N., Wagner, A., Walton, J., Wan Mohamud, W.N., Wang, F., Wang, M.D., Wang, Q., Wang, Y.X., Wannamethee, S.G., Weerasekera, D., Whincup, P.H., Widhalm, K., Wiecek, A., Wijga, A.H., Wilks, R.J., Willeit, J., Wilsgaard, T., Wojtyniak, B., Wong, T.Y., Woo, J., Woodward, M., Wu, F.C., Wu, S.L., Xu, H., Yan, W., Yang, X., Ye, X., Yoshihara, A., Younger-Coleman, N.O., Zambon, S., Zargar, A.H., Zdrojewski, T., Zhao, W., Zheng, Y., and Zuñiga Cisneros, J.
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Adult ,Age Distribution ,Age of Onset ,Bayes Theorem ,Blood Glucose/metabolism ,Cost of Illness ,Developing Countries/statistics & numerical data ,Diabetes Mellitus/blood ,Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy ,Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ,Female ,Global Health ,Health Surveys ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ,Incidence ,Insulin/therapeutic use ,Male ,Prevalence ,Research Report/standards ,Sex Distribution - Abstract
One of the global targets for non-communicable diseases is to halt, by 2025, the rise in the age-standardised adult prevalence of diabetes at its 2010 levels. We aimed to estimate worldwide trends in diabetes, how likely it is for countries to achieve the global target, and how changes in prevalence, together with population growth and ageing, are affecting the number of adults with diabetes. We pooled data from population-based studies that had collected data on diabetes through measurement of its biomarkers. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in diabetes prevalence-defined as fasting plasma glucose of 7.0 mmol/L or higher, or history of diagnosis with diabetes, or use of insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs-in 200 countries and territories in 21 regions, by sex and from 1980 to 2014. We also calculated the posterior probability of meeting the global diabetes target if post-2000 trends continue. We used data from 751 studies including 4,372,000 adults from 146 of the 200 countries we make estimates for. Global age-standardised diabetes prevalence increased from 4.3% (95% credible interval 2.4-7.0) in 1980 to 9.0% (7.2-11.1) in 2014 in men, and from 5.0% (2.9-7.9) to 7.9% (6.4-9.7) in women. The number of adults with diabetes in the world increased from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014 (28.5% due to the rise in prevalence, 39.7% due to population growth and ageing, and 31.8% due to interaction of these two factors). Age-standardised adult diabetes prevalence in 2014 was lowest in northwestern Europe, and highest in Polynesia and Micronesia, at nearly 25%, followed by Melanesia and the Middle East and north Africa. Between 1980 and 2014 there was little change in age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adult women in continental western Europe, although crude prevalence rose because of ageing of the population. By contrast, age-standardised adult prevalence rose by 15 percentage points in men and women in Polynesia and Micronesia. In 2014, American Samoa had the highest national prevalence of diabetes (>30% in both sexes), with age-standardised adult prevalence also higher than 25% in some other islands in Polynesia and Micronesia. If post-2000 trends continue, the probability of meeting the global target of halting the rise in the prevalence of diabetes by 2025 at the 2010 level worldwide is lower than 1% for men and is 1% for women. Only nine countries for men and 29 countries for women, mostly in western Europe, have a 50% or higher probability of meeting the global target. Since 1980, age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adults has increased, or at best remained unchanged, in every country. Together with population growth and ageing, this rise has led to a near quadrupling of the number of adults with diabetes worldwide. The burden of diabetes, both in terms of prevalence and number of adults affected, has increased faster in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Wellcome Trust.
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- 2016
100. Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4.4 million participants
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Zhou, B, Lu, Y, Hajifathalian, K, Bentham, J, Di Cesare, M, Danaei, G, Bixby, H, Cowan, Mj, Ali, Mk, Taddei, C, Wc, Lo, Reis Santos, B, Stevens, Ga, Riley, Lm, Miranda, Jj, Bjerregaard, P, Rivera, Ja, Fouad, Hm, Ma, G, Mbanya, Jc, Mcgarvey, St, Mohan, V, Onat, A, Pilav, A, Ramachandran, A, Romdhane, Hb, Paciorek, Cj, Bennett, Je, Ezzati, M, Abdeen, Za, Abdul Kadir, K, Abu Rmeileh, Nm, Acosta Cazares, B, Adams, R, Aekplakorn, W, Aguilar Salinas, Ca, Agyemang, C, Ahmadvand, A, Al Othman, Ar, Alkerwi, A, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Andersen, Lb, Anderssen, Sa, Anjana, Rm, Aounallah Skhiri, H, Aris, T, Arlappa, N, Arveiler, D, Assah, Fk, Avdicová, M, Azizi, F, Balakrishna, N, Bandosz, P, Barbagallo, Cm, Barceló, A, Batieha, Am, Baur, La, Benet, M, Bernabe Ortiz, A, Bharadwaj, S, Bhargava, Sk, Bi, Y, Bjertness, E, Bjertness, Mb, Björkelund, C, Blokstra, A, Bo, S, Boehm, Bo, Boissonnet, Cp, Bovet, P, Brajkovich, I, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Brewster, Lm, Brian, Gr, Bruno, G, Bugge, A, Cabrera de León, A, Can, G, Cândido, Ap, Capuano, V, Carlsson, Ac, Carvalho, Mj, Casanueva, Ff, Casas, Jp, Caserta, Ca, Castetbon, K, Chamukuttan, S, Chaturvedi, N, Chen, Cj, Chen, F, Chen, S, Cheng, Cy, Chetrit, A, Chiou, St, Cho, Y, Chudek, J, Cifkova, R, Claessens, F, Concin, H, Cooper, C, Cooper, R, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell, C, Crujeiras, Ab, D'Arrigo, G, Dallongeville, J, Dankner, R, Dauchet, L, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, Deepa, M, Dehghan, A, Deschamps, V, Dhana, K, Di Castelnuovo, Af, Djalalinia, S, Doua, K, Drygas, W, Du, Y, Dzerve, V, Egbagbe, Ee, Eggertsen, R, El Ati, J, Elosua, R, Erasmus, Rt, Erem, C, Ergor, G, Eriksen, L, Escobedo de la Peña, J, Fall, Ch, Farzadfar, F, Felix Redondo, Fj, Ferguson, Ts, Fernández Bergés, D, Ferrari, M, Ferreccio, C, Feskens, Ej, Finn, Jd, Föger, B, Foo, Lh, Forslund, As, Francis, Dk, Franco Mdo, C, Franco, Oh, Frontera, G, Furusawa, T, Gaciong, Z, Garnett, Sp, Gaspoz, Jm, Gasull, M, Gates, L, Geleijnse, Jm, Ghasemian, A, Ghimire, A, Giampaoli, S, Gianfagna, Francesco, Giovannelli, J, Giwercman, A, Gross, Mg, González Rivas, Jp, Gorbea, Mb, Gottrand, F, Grafnetter, D, Grodzicki, T, Grøntved, A, Gruden, G, Gu, D, Guan, Op, Guerrero, R, Guessous, I, Guimaraes, Al, Gutierrez, L, Hambleton, Ir, Hardy, R, Hari Kumar, R, Hata, J, He, J, Heidemann, C, Herrala, S, Hihtaniemi, It, Sy, Ho, Sc, Ho, Hofman, A, Hormiga, Cm, Horta, Bl, Houti, L, Howitt, C, Htay, Tt, Htet, As, Htike, Mm, Hu, Y, Hussieni, As, Huybrechts, I, Hwalla, N, Iacoviello, Licia, Iannone, Ag, Ibrahim, Mm, Ikeda, N, Ikram, Ma, Irazola, Ve, Islam, M, Iwasaki, M, Jacobs, Jm, Jafar, T, Jamil, Km, Jasienska, G, Jiang, Cq, Jonas, Jb, Joshi, P, Kafatos, A, Kalter Leibovici, O, Kasaeian, A, Katz, J, Kaur, P, Kavousi, M, Keinänen Kiukaanniemi, S, Kelishadi, R, Kengne, Ap, Kersting, M, Khader, Ys, Khalili, D, Khang, Yh, Kiechl, S, Kim, J, Kolsteren, P, Korrovits, P, Kratzer, W, Kromhout, D, Kujala, Um, Kula, K, Kyobutungi, C, Laatikainen, T, Lachat, C, Laid, Y, Lam, Th, Landrove, O, Lanska, V, Lappas, G, Laxmaiah, A, Leclercq, C, Lee, J, Lehtimäki, T, Lekhraj, R, León Muñoz, Lm, Li, Y, Lim, Wy, Lima Costa, Mf, Lin, Hh, Lin, X, Lissner, L, Lorbeer, R, Lozano, Je, Luksiene, D, Lundqvist, A, Lytsy, P, Machado Coelho, Gl, Machi, S, Maggi, S, Magliano, Dj, Makdisse, M, Mallikharjuna Rao, K, Manios, Y, Manzato, E, Margozzini, P, Marques Vidal, P, Martorell, R, Masoodi, Sr, Mathiesen, Eb, Matsha, Te, Mcfarlane, Sr, Mclachlan, S, Mcnulty, Ba, Mediene Benchekor, S, Meirhaeghe, A, Menezes, Am, Merat, S, Meshram, Ii, Mi, J, Miquel, Jf, Mohamed, Mk, Mohammad, K, Mohammadifard, N, Mohd Yusoff, Mf, Møller, Nc, Molnár, D, Mondo, Ck, Morejon, A, Moreno, La, Morgan, K, Moschonis, G, Mossakowska, M, Mostafa, A, Mota, J, Motta, J, Tt, Mu, Muiesan, Ml, Müller Nurasyid, M, Mursu, J, Nagel, G, Námešná, J, Nang, Ee, Nangthetia, Vb, Navarrete Muñoz, Em, Ndiaye, Nc, Nenko, I, Nervi, F, Nguyen, Nd, Nguyen, Qn, Nieto Martínez, Re, Ning, G, Ninomiya, T, Noale, M, Noto, D, Nsour, Ma, Ochoa Avilés, Am, Oh, K, Ordunez, P, Osmond, C, Otero, Ja, Owusu Dabo, E, Pahomova, E, Palmieri, L, Panda Jonas, S, Panza, F, Parsaeian, M, Peixoto, Sv, Peltonen, M, Peters, A, Peykari, N, Pham, St, Pitakaka, F, Piwonska, A, Piwonski, J, Plans Rubió, P, Porta, M, Portegies, Ml, Poustchi, H, Pradeepa, R, Price, Jf, Punab, M, Qasrawi, Rf, Qorbani, M, Radisauskas, R, Rahman, M, Raitakari, O, Rao, Sr, Ramke, J, Ramos, R, Rampal, S, Rathmann, W, Redon, J, Reganit, Pf, Rigo, F, Robinson, Sm, Robitaille, C, Rodríguez Artalejo, F, Rodriguez Perez Mdel, C, Rodríguez Villamizar, La, Rojas Martinez, R, Ronkainen, K, Rosengren, A, Rubinstein, A, Rui, O, Ruiz Betancourt, Bs, Russo Horimoto, Rv, Rutkowski, M, Sabanayagam, C, Sachdev, Hs, Saidi, O, Sakarya, S, Salanave, B, Salonen, Jt, Salvetti, M, Sánchez Abanto, J, Santos, D, dos Santos, Rn, Santos, R, Saramies, Jl, Sardinha, Lb, Sarrafzadegan, N, Saum, Ku, Scazufca, M, Schargrodsky, H, Scheidt Nave, C, Sein, Aa, Sharma, Sk, Shaw, Je, Shibuya, K, Shin, Y, Shiri, R, Siantar, R, Sibai, Am, Simon, M, Simons, J, Simons, La, Sjostrom, M, Slowikowska Hilczer, J, Slusarczyk, P, Smeeth, L, Snijder, Mb, Hk, So, Sobngwi, E, Söderberg, S, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soumare, A, Staessen, Ja, Stathopoulou, Mg, Steene Johannessen, J, Stehle, P, Stein, Ad, Stessman, J, Stöckl, D, Stokwiszewski, J, Stronks, K, Strufaldi, Mw, Sun, Ca, Sundström, J, Sung, Yt, Suriyawongpaisal, P, Rg, Sy, Tai, Es, Tamosiunas, A, Tang, L, Tarawneh, M, Tarqui Mamani, Cb, Taylor, A, Theobald, H, Thijs, L, Thuesen, Bh, Tolonen, Hk, Tolstrup, Js, Topbas, M, Torrent, M, Traissac, P, Trinh, Ot, Tulloch Reid, Mk, Tuomainen, Tp, Turley, Ml, Tzourio, C, Ueda, P, Ukoli, Fa, Ulmer, H, Uusitalo, Hm, Valdivia, G, Valvi, D, van Rossem, L, van Valkengoed, Ig, Vanderschueren, D, Vanuzzo, D, Vega, T, Velasquez Melendez, G, Veronesi, Giovanni, Verschuren, Wm, Verstraeten, R, Viet, L, Vioque, J, Virtanen, Jk, Visvikis Siest, S, Viswanathan, B, Vollenweider, P, Voutilainen, S, 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A., Menezes A.M.B., Merat S., Meshram I.I., Mi J., Miquel J.F., Mohamed M.K., Mohammad K., Mohammadifard N., Mohd Yusoff M.F., Moller N.C., Molnar D., Mondo C.K., Morejon A., Moreno L.A., Morgan K., Moschonis G., Mossakowska M., Mostafa A., Mota J., Motta J., Mu T.T., Muiesan M.L., Muller-Nurasyid M., Mursu J., Nagel G., Namesna J., Nang E.E.K., Nangia V.B., Navarrete-Munoz E.M., Ndiaye N.C., Nenko I., Nervi F., Nguyen N.D., Nguyen Q.N., Nieto-Martinez R.E., Ning G., Ninomiya T., Noale M., Noto D., Al Nsour M., Ochoa-Aviles A.M., Oh K., Ordunez P., Osmond C., Otero J.A., Owusu-Dabo E., Pahomova E., Palmieri L., Panda-Jonas S., Panza F., Parsaeian M., Peixoto S.V., Peltonen M., Peters A., Peykari N., Pham S.T., Pitakaka F., Piwonska A., Piwonski J., Plans-Rubio P., Porta M., Portegies M.L.P., Poustchi H., Pradeepa R., Price J.F., Punab M., Qasrawi R.F., Qorbani M., Radisauskas R., Rahman M., Raitakari O., Rao S.R., Ramke J., Ramos R., Rampal S., Rathmann W., Redon J., Reganit P.F.M., 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E.S., Tamosiunas A., Tang L., Tarawneh M., Tarqui-Mamani C.B., Taylor A., Theobald H., Thijs L., Thuesen B.H., Tolonen H.K., Tolstrup J.S., Topbas M., Torrent M., Traissac P., Trinh O.T.H., Tulloch-Reid M.K., Tuomainen T.-P., Turley M.L., Tzourio C., Ueda P., Ukoli F.A.M., Ulmer H., Uusitalo H.M.T., Valdivia G., Valvi D., Van Rossem L., Van Valkengoed I.G.M., Vanderschueren D., Vanuzzo D., Vega T., Velasquez-Melendez G., Veronesi G., Verschuren W.M.M., Verstraeten R., Viet L., Vioque J., Virtanen J.K., Visvikis-Siest S., Viswanathan B., Vollenweider P., Voutilainen S., Vrijheid M., Wade A.N., Wagner A., Walton J., Wan Mohamud W.N., Wang F., Wang M.-D., Wang Q., Wang Y.X., Wannamethee S.G., Weerasekera D., Whincup P.H., Widhalm K., Wiecek A., Wijga A.H., Wilks R.J., Willeit J., Wilsgaard T., Wojtyniak B., Wong T.Y., Woo J., Woodward M., Wu F.C., Wu S.L., Xu H., Yan W., Yang X., Ye X., Yoshihara A., Younger-Coleman N.O., Zambon S., Zargar A.H., Zdrojewski T., Zhao W., Zheng Y., Cisneros J.Z., Erasmus MC other, Epidemiology, Public Health, Clinical Genetics, Staessen, Jan A, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Claessens, Frank, and Thijs, Lutgarde
- Subjects
Male ,Blood Glucose ,Adult ,Research Report ,Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna ,glucosa sanguínea ,Epidemiology ,humanos ,prevention ,public health ,diabetes ,coste de las enfermedades ,Diabetes, epidemiology ,Global Health ,incidencia ,Worldwide trends ,distribución por sexos ,Age Distribution ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Cost of Illness ,distribución por edades ,países en desarrollo ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Prevalence ,Insulin ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,insulina ,Age of Onset ,Sex Distribution ,Developing Countries ,VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750 ,Incidence ,prevalencia ,VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750 ,Bayes Theorem ,adulto ,Health Surveys ,informe de investigación ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00 [https] ,hipoglicemiantes ,encuestas de salud ,Female ,pooled analysis ,teorema de Bayes - Abstract
Background One of the global targets for non-communicable diseases is to halt, by 2025, the rise in the age-standardised adult prevalence of diabetes at its 2010 levels. We aimed to estimate worldwide trends in diabetes, how likely it is for countries to achieve the global target, and how changes in prevalence, together with population growth and ageing, are affecting the number of adults with diabetes. Methods We pooled data from population-based studies that had collected data on diabetes through measurement of its biomarkers. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in diabetes prevalence-defined as fasting plasma glucose of 7.0 mmol/L or higher, or history of diagnosis with diabetes, or use of insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs-in 200 countries and territories in 21 regions, by sex and from 1980 to 2014. We also calculated the posterior probability of meeting the global diabetes target if post-2000 trends continue. Findings We used data from 751 studies including 4 372 000 adults from 146 of the 200 countries we make estimates for. Global age-standardised diabetes prevalence increased from 4.3% (95% credible interval 2.4-7.0) in 1980 to 9.0% (7.2-11.1) in 2014 in men, and from 5.0% (2.9-7.9) to 7.9% (6.4-9.7) in women. The number of adults with diabetes in the world increased from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014 (28.5% due to the rise in prevalence, 39.7% due to population growth and ageing, and 31.8% due to interaction of these two factors). Age-standardised adult diabetes prevalence in 2014 was lowest in northwestern Europe, and highest in Polynesia and Micronesia, at nearly 25%, followed by Melanesia and the Middle East and north Africa. Between 1980 and 2014 there was little change in age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adult women in continental western Europe, although crude prevalence rose because of ageing of the population. By contrast, age-standardised adult prevalence rose by 15 percentage points in men and women in Polynesia and Micronesia. In 2014, American Samoa had the highest national prevalence of diabetes (>30% in both sexes), with age-standardised adult prevalence also higher than 25% in some other islands in Polynesia and Micronesia. If post-2000 trends continue, the probability of meeting the global target of halting the rise in the prevalence of diabetes by 2025 at the 2010 level worldwide is lower than 1% for men and is 1% for women. Only nine countries for men and 29 countries for women, mostly in western Europe, have a 50% or higher probability of meeting the global target. Interpretation Since 1980, age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adults has increased, or at best remained unchanged, in every country. Together with population growth and ageing, this rise has led to a near quadrupling of the number of adults with diabetes worldwide. The burden of diabetes, both in terms of prevalence and number of adults affected, has increased faster in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Funding Wellcome Trust., Wellcome Trust.
- Published
- 2016
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