Search

O percurso analítico deste texto se dirige aos espaços de constituição dos saberes e vislumbra relações de força que problematizam questões atinentes aos sistemas de classificação biológica e ao ensino, objetivando tornar visível as instâncias em que a Sistemática Evolutiva pode representar descontinuidade em relação à Sistemática Lineana. Contemporaneamente, o discurso filogenético posiciona-se como saber mais adequado ao estabelecimento das relações evolutivas, contudo, nos espaços de ensino ele sofre interdições o que permite supor que a formação de professores não lida satisfatoriamente com a dinâmica de algumas construções cientificas. Assim, pensa-se a produção do conhecimento científico para além da simples aceitação de uma verdade.

O professor desempenha um papel fundamental no processo de ensino-aprendizagem; no qual, múltiplos elementos constituem a prática docente. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o perfil de um bom professor e as características de uma boa aula de Biologia, considerando a concepção de quatro professoras em formação pedagógica. Considera-se aqui a relevância de incorporar os saberes possibilitados pelo curso de formação pedagógica aos conhecimentos do bacharel em Biologia. O trato metodológico foi baseado em uma abordagem qualitativa; os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas abertas, realizadas junto a quatro professoras da área de Biologia e em formação no Curso de Formação Pedagógica para Graduados não Licenciados, do Instituto Federal Sul-rio-grandense, Campus Pelotas. Considerando o diálogo com as professoras em formação, conclui-se que uma boa prática docente em Biologia envolve características relacionadas à afetividade, domínio de conteúdo e estratégias metodológicas. Além disso, nesta pesquisa, constatou-se que a prática reflexiva é assumida como concepção pedagógica das professoras em formação.

Objetivo: identificar las emociones de futuros maestros al enseñar ciencias y enseñar a argumentar en clase de ciencias. Método: la investigación fue cualitativa con un alcance descriptivo-comprensivo, se realizó en un contexto de formación de maestros en una universidad pública colombiana. Se diseñó un estudio apoyado en la investigación-acción, analizar la información obtenida se realizó un análisis que combinó pruebas estadísticas con análisis de contenido. Resultados: se destaca, entre otros, que las emociones positivas como la felicidad, tranquilidad y satisfacción siguen manteniéndose y se consolidan al final del proceso; de igual manera, emerge una emoción epistémica relacionada con el aprendizaje y emociones negativas como el miedo y la preocupación desaparecen. Resultados alentadores que resaltan el proceso formativo orientado al reconocimiento, monitoreo y evaluación de las emociones frente al reto de enseñar a argumentar en clase de ciencias. Conclusiones: Al final del proceso, hubo reducción de emociones negativas cómo preocupación, nerviosismo, ansiedad y miedo. Algo diferente sucedió con las emociones positivas (cómo la felicidad) que incrementaron, al final, su aparición.

Pupils’ misconceptions related to human health and lifestyles can have a significant impact on the quality of a person’s life but also on the quality of life of society at large as such misconceptions can be a breeding ground for the emergence of various diseases, addictions and, in extreme situations, can even lead to death. Misconceptions make it difficult for pupils to learn more meaningfully, and therefore, it is necessary to focus on them in the teaching of biology. However, it is quite difficult to remove created misconceptions among pupils, and therefore, it is more effective to try to identify them and then choose teaching strategies or methods that will prevent their emergence. For this reason, we have constructed a four-tier test that enables a deeper examination of pupils’ understanding of scientific concepts and more objective identification of possible misconceptions. The analysis of the test results among primary school pupils (in eighth grade) in Slovakia showed, on average, 57.0% of them have acquired the correct scientific concepts in topics related to human health and lifestyles. Subsequently, we identified that, on average, 23.5% of pupils have a lack of knowledge, 10.7% of pupils have false positive/negative misconceptions, and 8.8% of pupils have misconceptions. We recorded the highest frequency of pupils’ misconceptions in items focused on the energy composition of food, second-hand smoking, and the transmission of contagious (infectious) diseases. Subsequently, we created a comprehensive list of the identified misconceptions, which can help biology teachers in making these topics accessible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of the management of a didactic device formulated by a Mathematics male and Biology female teacher from a secondary school in which they sought a codisciplinary study. Based on the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic, the results of an exploratory study that sought to characterize the management of a didactic device for the study of plant growth in secondary school are reported; In particular, we analyze the relevance of mathematical knowledge in its development. The main results indicate that the study enabled the protagonists to be the students: they formulated and answered questions, achieving autonomy and responsibility for the search for information in various media; however, mathematical knowledge did not occupy a prominent place during the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Llull: Revista de la Sociedad Espanola de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Tecnicas is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Tecnicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Didasc@lia: Didáctica y Educación is the property of Universitaria de Las Tunas, Centro de Estudios de Didactica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bio-grafía. Escritos Sobre la Biología y su Enseñanza is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mendive - Revista de Educacion is the property of Universidad de Pinar del Rio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En Ecuador, el maíz (Zea mays, L.) representa uno de los productos agrícolas más importantes para la economía y la identidad nacional. Esta gramínea es atacada por diferentes organismos que provocan severos daños y afectan el rendimiento agrícola e industrial del cultivo. En el presente trabajo se presentan los resultados de una investigación documental basada en la búsqueda de información sobre aspectos de interés científico-técnico como la biología, daños y métodos para el control de las principales especies de insectos plaga del maíz en el campo.

The objective was to carry out a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), based on a central question: “Are anatomical pieces and histological slides used as a didactic resource in Teaching Snakes in Basic Education?”. For the SLR, the descriptors “Didactic Manual”, “Morphology of Snakes” and “Snakes” were used, totaling 17 journals; 5 congress annals and 2 symposiums related to the theme. As a result, a total of 33,135 works were identified and of these, 57 were selected since they agreed with the central question, and only 28 were classified as Included as they contained theoretical and practical content related to the central question. It is concluded that there are few works that address the theme Snakes, mainly listing theory to practice, and none of them mention Histology.

Pensar que la biología está interconectada con las ciencias sociales, para algunos puede ser imposible, e incluso inaceptable, para otros tantos, es un complemento que nos permiten entender el comportamiento de los sujetos sociales en la interacción con sus copartícipes en la sociedad, en la medida que el sistema social está integrado por comunicaciones funcionales. No obstante, para comprender el funcionamiento de la sociedad desde su complejidad, es importante retomar algunos elementos previos que nos develan que los sujetos sociales actúan mediante sus comunicaciones internas, es decir, sus comunicaciones meramente biológicas que surten efectos para con su dinámica e interacción en la sociedad.

During the XIX century, different sciences were structured or consolidated in their modern form. Until then, biology, earth sciences, social sciences, and even physics, chemistry, and mathematics did not exist as autonomous disciplines as we know them today. In that century, the notion of "science" was utterly separated from natural philosophy, theology, and other forms of traditional knowledge. The consolidation of scientific disciplines was characterized by deep debates on the possibilities and methods of knowing the natural and human worlds. In their process of consolidation, all life sciences faced a dichotomy related to the best way to approach their object of study: should they follow the model of physics --considered the scientific model par excellence-- or not take that model into account? This dichotomy provoked intense debates in all disciplines. The way this debate was resolved had lasting consequences in the subsequent development and the epistemological scope of the new sciences in consolidation. Comparing how this debate took place in biology and psychology is relevant to understanding the disciplinary trajectory followed by each science and the possibilities of integration in each field of knowledge. There is a generalized assumption in the history of psychology that the experimental paradigm adopted extensively in psychology at the end of the XIX century would have placed the discipline under the scientific status of natural sciences. However, in biology and psychology, there was a tension between a physiological-experimental paradigm and a historical-evolutionary paradigm. Understanding those debates within biology, and the comprehension of how biology achieved its disciplinary integration, shows why the experimental connection of psychology with physiology did not mean an explicit connection with the whole of the natural sciences. Disciplinary integration in biology was possible because of adopting the evolutionary principle under a historic paradigm instead of a physical-chemical one. That is why the experimental connection of psychology with physiology eventually became an obstacle for psychology in adopting the unifying principle of biology, the Theory of Evolution, as their basis for disciplinary integration. The first part of this article describes how two branches emerged in the process of consolidation of biology: physiological-experimental and historical-evolutionary. Each one had a different approach to its object of study, but both were necessary to form what is now modern biology. The second part focuses on unifying biology as a field of scientific knowledge, bringing the two branches of this science together under the evolutionary paradigm. The third part outlines the central debates in the consolidation of psychology as a scientific discipline at the end of the XIX century and the beginning of the 20th century. It introduces implications of how these debates on knowledge in psychology developed, as opposed to how it happened in biology. Finally, the difficulties of psychology connecting with the theory of evolution are addressed, as are the impossibility of integrating the different branches of the discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kosmos is the property of Polish Copernicus Society of Naturalists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sipha maydis (Passerini) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a pest of cultivated cereals and wild grasses introduced into America and first reported in South America at Argentina in 2002. In Brazil, this aphid was detected first in wheat in Oct 2006 at Rio Grande do Sul State. Between 2007 and 2013 the aphid was reported in several localities in the humid subtropical region of Brazil (southern states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Paraná) on different plant species including Triticum aestivum L., Avena strigosa Schreb., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Hordeum vulgare L., Zea mays L. (all Poaceae) and uncultivated grasses. Sipha maydis also has been captured in yellow tray traps. Peak flight activity for S. maydis occurred in the spring-summer transition and was apparently correlated with average air temperature. Sipha maydis was able to complete its life cycle on A. strigosa, L. multiflorum, H. vulgare, Z. mays, and T. aestivum. During the nymphal phase the best hosts were A. strigosa, L. multiflorum, H. vulgare, and T. aestivum. Hordeum vulgare and T. aestivum were the best for the reproductive period and longevity. The intrinsic rate of increase was greatest on A. strigosa, L. multiflorum, and T. aestivum. Generation time was longer on H. vulgare, Z. mays, and T. aestivum. Net rate reproduction was greater in H. vulgare and T. aestivum, and the finite rate of increase was greatest on A. strigosa, L. multiflorum, H. vulgare, and T. aestivum. Although the distribution of S. maydis is expanding and covering the main wheat-growing region of Brazil, and despite the wide range of hosts and the direct damage it causes to local foraging sites, aphid populations are low and their economic importance is limited. However, it reveals that S. maydis has the potential to colonize subtropical regions. Sipha maydis (Passerini) é uma praga de cereais cultivados e gramíneas silvestres introduzida na América e relatada pela primeira vez na América do Sul na Argentina em 2002. No Brasil, o pulgão-preto-dos-cereais foi detectado pela primeira vez em Triticum aestivum L. em outubro de 2006 no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Entre 2007 e 2013, o pulgão foi relatado em várias localidades da região subtropical húmida do Brasil (Estados da Região Sul: Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e Paraná) em diferentes espécies de plantas como T. aestivum, Avena strigosa Schreb., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Hordeum vulgare L., Zea mays L. (todas Poaceae), e gramíneas não cultivadas. Sipha maydis também foi capturado em armadilhas do tipo bandeja amarela para pulgões alados. O pico de ocorrência das formas aladas na transição primavera-verão é aparentemente correlacionado com a temperatura média do ar. S. maydis foi capaz de completar o ciclo de vida em A. strigosa, L. multiflorum, H. vulgare, Z. mays, e T. aestivum. Durante a fase de ninfa, os melhores hospedeiros foram A. strigosa, L. multiflorum, H. vulgare, e T. aestivum. A H. vulgare e o T. aestivum foram os melhores para o período reprodutivo e longevidade. A taxa intrínseca de aumento foi grande em A. strigosa, L. multiflorum, e T. aestivum; o tempo de uma geração foi mais longo em H. vulgare, Z. mays, e T. aestivum; a taxa líquida de reprodução foi ótima em H. vulgare e em T. aestivum e a taxa de aumento finito foi grande em A. strigosa, L. multiflorum, H. vulgare, e T. aestivum. Embora a distribuição de S. maydis esteja se expandindo e cobrindo a principal região tritícola do Brasil, e a despeito da ampla gama de hospedeiros e dos danos diretos que causa aos sítios de alimentação, as populações de pulgões são baixas e sua importância econômica ainda é limitada. No entanto, revela que S. maydis tem potencial para colonizar regiões subtropicais. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to point out how active methodologies are being used in Biology teaching. This is an integrative literature review that used the databases: Google Scholar, Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO using the keywords: "Teaching in Biology" and "Active Methodologies" with the Boolean connector "AND". The search resulted in a total of 24,900 thousand which, after filtering the period of publication of the last five years, resulted in 13,000 thousand publications analyzed from title and abstract with the selection of 34 publications for reading in full, and 7 publications selected for synthesis theoretical. The analysis of the studies shows that the active methodologies that are most used in biology teaching are: teaching by investigation and problematization; use of games; laboratory classes; use of models/models; Flipped classroom; and field trips, excursions, walks. The use of these methodologies has a positive impact on students' learning, as they increase interest, creativity, autonomy, critical thinking and bring students closer to problematizing real situations. In addition, the need to implement these methodologies in biology teaching became evident, but there are many challenges, such as the lack of infrastructure in schools and the lack of prepared teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar a contribuição da disciplina de Biologia na construção de uma cultura de paz na educação, integrando o conhecimento científico com os valores humanos. A promoção de uma cultura de paz é cada vez mais relevante na sociedade contemporânea, e a educação desempenha um papel fundamental nesse processo. A cultura de paz envolve a promoção de valores, atitudes e práticas que visam resolver conflitos de maneira pacífica, promover a justiça social, garantir o respeito aos direitos humanos, fomentar a igualdade de gênero, cultivar a não violência e fortalecer a participação cidadã. Para alcançar um impacto significativo globalmente, é essencial que a educação seja livre de violência e esteja presente em todas as escolas. A disciplina de Biologia desempenha um papel crucial nesse processo, pois aborda diversos aspectos relacionados à vida, saúde e meio ambiente. Ao estudar a origem, evolução e funcionamento dos seres vivos, incluindo os seres humanos, a Biologia fornece conhecimentos que podem contribuir para a prevenção da violência e a construção de uma sociedade mais pacífica. Além disso, a integração do conhecimento científico com valores humanos é essencial para uma abordagem abrangente na educação. Enquanto o conhecimento científico busca desvendar a realidade e é uma construção temporária sujeita a revisões, os valores humanos atribuem significado e importância às coisas de acordo com as perspectivas e julgamentos dos indivíduos. Em suma, este estudo visa destacar a importância da disciplina de Biologia na construção de uma cultura de paz na educação, por meio da integração do conhecimento científico com os valores humanos. Ao fornecer conhecimentos científicos e promover a reflexão sobre questões relacionadas à vida, saúde e meio ambiente, a disciplina de Biologia desempenha um papel significativo na formação de cidadãos comprometidos com a paz e capazes de contribuir para a construção de um mundo mais harmonioso.

Atualmente, o Brasil é considerado o maior produtor de maracujá-amarelo do mundo. A polinização do maracujazeiro é efetivada unicamente pela abelha do gênero (Xylocopa spp.), mais conhecida por mamangava, mangangá ou vespa-de-rodeio. Essas abelhas se alimentam do néctar retirado das flores dos maracujazeiros, as quais, simultaneamente, realizam a polinização, com grande eficiência. Este trabalho objetiva ressaltar a importância da abelha mamangava para a polinização da flor do maracujá-amarelo, em uma pequena plantação em Palmeira dos Índios- AL. A coleta dos dados obtida in loco, a partir de caminhadas, no período de dezembro de 2016 a abril de 2017. Entre as fileiras do plantio observou-se um número maior de outros visitantes florais, cujas abelhas mamangavas se apresentavam sempre em menor quantidade, e mesmos assim, foram as únicas capazes de realizarem a polinização com qualidade. A importância da mamangava na polinização do maracujá-amarelo necessitou visualizar as flores do plantio mais visitados e compará-los com outras. As flores visitadas pela mamangava foram polinizadas, cujo aproveitamento é 100% de frutos vingados. Já as flores visitadas pelas demais espécies tiveram grandes danos com 0% de frutos vingados. Portanto, a abelha mamangava do gênero Xylocopa é essencial a perpetuação da espécie do maracujá-amarelo passifloracea edulis. Palavras-chave: Mamangava, flor, Polinização.

Este proyecto implementa un STEM en sexto grado, simulando el movimiento del corazón, creando un proyecto transversal que integre contenidos, y de uso en Biología al artefacto hecho en Tecnología e Informática. Esta propuesta radica en la necesidad de evidenciar un aprendizaje permanente en el tiempo, no memorístico y más relacionado a la experiencia, el cual pueda ser medible. Con efectos en biología y tecnología, e impacto en el desarrollo de competencias del siglo XXI. Para lo cual se analiza el trabajo entre asignaturas, como proyectos separados que se complementan para lograr una maqueta que satisfaga las necesidades. Aplicando conocimientos en Arduino, leds y servos para crear un simulador, que es explicado y ajustado desde la asignatura de biología. Se identifica que el 80% de la población termina la maqueta producto STEM, entiende su funcionamiento, la programación y aplica recursos TIC; aunque es necesario realizar ajustes metodológicos, que minimicen problemas, mejorando los productos y evidencias.

Nota-se a escassez de pesquisas que indagam que concepções acerca da atividade científica são difundidas pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs) para os cursos de Ciências Biológicas, ainda que essas diretrizes balizem a estrutura e os objetivos de tais cursos e, consequentemente, a formação de graduandos. Neste sentido, esta investigação objetiva identificar e analisar compreensões que as DCNs para os cursos de Biologia, detalhadas pelo Parecer 1.301/2001, detêm sobre a Natureza da Ciência. Como resultado, obtido através de uma análise de conteúdo, emergiram quatro categorias. Duas delas correspondem a compreensões mais deformadas sobre a prática científica, sendo elas: algo de uma visão empírico-indutivista, ao passo que o documento não alude à importância de hipóteses/teorias apriorísticas de pesquisadores e a relação dessas com processos experimentais; e, algo de um método científico, uma vez que o documento dá a entender que a Ciência é construída por meio de uma sequência linear de etapas a serem seguidas rigidamente. As outras duas categorias, por sua vez, refletem sobre aspectos consensuais acerca do que seriam compreensões mais adequadas da atividade científica, sendo elas: a que envolve a necessidade indicada pelo parecer de se abordar questões históricas e epistemológicas das Ciências Biológicas quando em seus cursos de graduação; e, a que apresenta a importância de se estreitar a relação entre Biologia e processos educativos. Por fim, destaca-se a importância da análise de compreensões sobre a Natureza da Ciência, exteriorizadas por legislações que orientam processos formativos.

Este articulo plantea la arquitectura como cuerpo de aire inmerso en un archipielago en el que intercambia materia especifica con otros cuerpos de aire. Exploraremos la transescalaridad del aire, el imaginario del Antropoceno parcheado ilustrado por A. L. Tsing, la idea del cuerpo de aire como protesis respiratoria con la ayuda del trabajo Bodies of Water de A. Neimanis, para llegar a la oposicion de una antropologi del aislamiento del aire contra la idea de espacio como membrana de S. Ebeling. Concluye con una narracion que explora una posible arquitectura de cuerpos de aire mediados por la alianza entre el paisajismo y la arquitectura.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el concepto de animalidad desde la perspectiva de Edmund Husserl y Martin Heidegger. Más precisamente se plantea la pregunta de si el animal posee el estatuto de la otredad o carece de él. En efecto, el animal, respecto al humano, resulta un ente otro, pero ¿eso basta para que este sea aprehendido como una intersubjetividad o una coexistencia que se dona al mundo de los seres humanos? Para responder esta cuestión revisaremos la argumentación de Husserl, especialmente en Hua IV y Hua XXXIX y la de Heidegger en GA 2 y GA 29/30. Finalmente añadiremos una consideración crítica de las ideas de los autores estudiados de cara a los desarrollos de la biología contemporánea para preguntarnos en qué medida su indagación filosófica se condeciría con la evidencia zoológica actual.

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) occupies the first place among roots and tubers planted in Cuba, with yields that have decreased in the last decade. One of the great limitations in potato production are diseases, which affect plants and tubers. The aphids Myzus persicae Sulc and Aphis gossypii Glover are the main species that directly affect the crop in addition to acting as vectors of viral diseases casing the greatest losses to the crop. On the other hand, the manifestations of climate change and trade favor the introduction of new pests such as Bactericera cockerelii Sulc, a potential pest of great importance for the crop. Based on these elements, the objective of this study was to carry out a bibliographic review that made it possible to make available elements that increased knowledge about the identification of vectors and the diseases of probable occurrence in potato to researchers, decision-makers, and technicians. This review will provide them with aspects for the identification, distribution, hosts, damage, and biology of these insects, as well as management methods for their surveillance. From various databases, 41 papers published in journals between 1987 and 2023 were selected. . They will contribute to preserving one of the crops that, due to its productive efficiency and consumption, allows guaranteeing food security of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lo materno es una matriz original que procura dar vida y sostenerla. Pero es tan delicada que si no se cuida y se sostiene adecuadamente puede generar exactamente lo contrario. Lo materno, su rol, su función, y su necesidad, es sumamente ideal pero no deja de ser agobiante, sobre todo en estos días, en donde las mujeres hemos perdido nuestros propios espacios de referencia, nuestros círculos de encuentro, y de mutua asistencia, por lo que nos encontramos maternando en absoluta soledad. Revisando diferentes puntos de vista, tanto biológicos como psicológicos hago un recorrido, a veces sinuoso sobre la importancia de maternar y la figura de apego. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the foundations of psychoanalytic knowledge in its genesis and the question of the human essence: the recognition of a sexual body and a sexual psyche. On the other hand, it addresses the relationship between human identity and sexuality, the drive, its objects, and the diversity of the "perversity" of human sexuality due to the introduction and fall of the signifier in the body. Finally, it proposes a review of anatomy and the biological destiny of bodies to argue that, when it comes to sexuality and Eros, concerning jouissance, there is a scenario in the unconscious which will henceforth be a question of the psychoanalytic theory and praxis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analytical course of this text is directed to the spaces of knowledge constitution and glimpses power relations that problematize issues related to biological classification systems and teaching, aiming to make visible the instances in which Evolutionary Systematics can represent a discontinuity concerning the Linean Systematics. At the same time, the phylogenetic discourse is positioned as the most adequate knowledge for the establishment of evolutionary relationships, however, in teaching spaces it suffers interdictions, which allows us to suppose that teacher training does not satisfactorily deal with the dynamics of some scientific constructions. Thus, the production of scientific knowledge goes beyond the simple acceptance of truth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asphondylia leucaenae Skuhravá sp. nov. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is described from Mexico. Galls occur in flower buttons deforming the fruits of Leucaena diversifolia and L. leucocephala galls (Fabaceae). The presence of these make it impossible to form fruits and cause the death of the branch. Male, female, larva, pupa, and gall are described, and the biology is commented. This new species is only the gall midge species known on Leucaena genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past two decades, a wide array of research has been conducted to elucidate the therapeutic effects of psilocybin on the human body and mind. One of the purposes of this article is to show no exclusive opposition between science and spirituality. For this purpose, it is important to reflect critically on the conceptual frameworks used (psychedelics, hallucinogens, entheogens, neurotropics, among others) but also on the role played by the psychoactive compounds involved in the evolutionary process, in this case, the psilocybin fungi. This research aims to inform, based on a bibliographic analysis, about the role that the fungi Psilocybe spp. have had in the evolution of humankind and to carry out a critical analysis of their cultural uses. One of the specific topics is to examine the role that the ritual and therapeutic uses of psilocybin mushrooms may have played in the development of language. For example, the cultural significance of songs, prayers, and incantations is expressed in the ritual and/or ceremonial use of language, which is seen as a means of contacting ancestors and sacred entities. This research aims to argue that the consumption of psilocybin mushrooms may have contributed to "expanding" the mind of our ancestors by exerting selective pressure on the evolution of human thought. Finally, we will explain some of the therapeutic potential that psilocybin has to treat various mental disorders through rituals, psychotherapies, and psychiatric treatments, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching is challenging and exciting for those who are willing to see it far beyond the transmission of content, especially when recognizing students, educators and everyone who constitutes the school and academic curricula, as sociocultural, political and historical subjects. The curriculum went through several definitions, being the subject of discussions about the theoretical-analytical perspectives and influences in the teaching and learning process, until today. In this study, we understand that the curriculum goes beyond content, activities, assessments, teaching and learning, theory and practice, mainly because it consists of a cultural artifact that encompasses the multiple identities/differences that permeate the school environment. Thus, the main objective was to problematize the discourses of Biology teachers about curriculum and the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), from the perspective of post-structuralist cultural studies. For this purpose, we conducted semi-structured interviews with eleven (11) male and female cisgender teachers, who teach Science/Biology subjects in the municipal and state public schools in Ceará. We adopted Foucauldian discourse analysis as a theoretical-analytical tool. The results showed that some/but teachers have already built a more comprehensive view of the curriculum, but the majority still do not question the universalist, content and technical discourses that underpin the BNCC. Thus, we emphasize the importance of educational public policies that encourage the (re)construction of pluralistic and democratic school curricula, not enclosed in "grids", but that contribute to the incessant sociocultural and political formation of "learners and learning subjects" beyond of scientific knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Works of fantasy-based popular culture, including movies, comic books and novels, are inhabited by myriads of imagined, fictional species. Many of them are not properly constructed and as such may cause a feeling similar of ludonarrational dissonance. To make fictional species believable it has to be thought out with adherence to physical and biological laws, especially evolutionary processes. Specific features of said species should be presented as adaptations its native climate and geography or/and products of the evolutionary ‘race’ between different species. Predators have certain evolutionary features utilized for effective hunting, while other species adapt for efficient defense against predation. Such adaptations may be features of anatomy (morphology), physiology or behavior. If no additional explanation to the species’ specific (environmental etc.) circumstances is given, it should be created according to geological actualism, i.e. the same laws that govern life on Earth should be applied, regardless of the place and time of action (even if it does not take place on Earth). This article discusses some basic evolutionary laws and the means of using them in worldbuilding. It also provides examples of properly and improperly constructed fictional species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bio-grafía. Escritos Sobre la Biología y su Enseñanza is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos de Ciencias de la Educacion is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La enseñanza de la biología y en particular de las representaciones alrededor de fenómenos a escala microscópica representa un desafío para el profesorado, tanto por el nivel de abstracción necesaria, como por la necesidad de instrumental específico que contribuya a la construcción de representaciones científicas escolares. En este trabajo se presenta el diseño y evaluación de un modelo de microscopio de bajo costo, denominado “Micro-Hoek”, en ambientes escolares públicos y con dificultades económicas de acceso a instrumental técnico adecuado. En la primera parte del trabajo se presenta un análisis documental para el diseño del “Micro-Hoek”; y en la segunda parte, se presenta el diseño y evaluación del “Micro-Hoek” por parte de 62 estudiantes de enseñanza básica y 23 profesores de educación básica de establecimientos públicos de la Región de Coquimbo en Chile. Los participantes elaboraron el prototipo que contempla el uso de teléfonos móviles y material reciclable de bajo costo, posteriormente contestaron un cuestionario de alta confiabilidad. “Micro-Hoek” fue evaluado positivamente por profesores y estudiantes, en las dimensiones acceso a los materiales, como también en el armado del mismo. Se concluye además que el modelo permite una visualización in situ de representaciones instrumentales de la célula y ofrece acceso a instrumental óptico de bajo costo en instituciones escolares.

¿Perciben la belleza de las flores la abeja o el colibrí que se acercan para quedarse con su néctar? Es decir, ¿pueden los animales no humanos apreciarla? ¿Existe una verdad universal sobre la belleza? ¿O no es más que un atributo útil, un indicador de un rasgo valioso? Como ocurre con tantos otros fenómenos naturales, no hay una respuesta simple a estas preguntas. En el siguiente artículo analizamos diferentes aspectos sobre la selección sexual y su relación, o no, con los criterios estéticos y con el llamado principio del hándicap.

Hablar de la vida es hablar de cooperación. Su origen evolutivo, sus distintos niveles de organización o su actual complejidad son consecuencia de la cooperación entre entidades biológicas distintas. También lo son las sociedades animales, entre las que se incluye la sociedad más compleja de todas, la humana. Nuestro lenguaje, nuestra extraordinaria cultura, nuestras ciudades y vastas redes sociales, son fruto de la cooperación. ¿Cómo es posible que, en un mundo dominado por la competencia por los recursos, por la evolución darwiniana, la cooperación haya llegado a jugar un papel tan relevante? La evolución social, el estudio de las bases biológicas de la cooperación, nos permite responder a esta pregunta. En un recorrido que empieza con la primera célula y termina con la explosión de la vida social en los animales, la evolución social nos explica cómo y por qué la cooperación ha guiado la historia de la vida en este planeta.

El Myotragus, el mamífer endèmic extint del Pliocè i Quaternari de les Gimnèsies (Menorca, Mallorca, Cabrera i Dragonera), es pot utilitzar com a nexe d’unió entre la Geologia i Biologia a 1r de batxillerat, encara que és pot utilitzar a qualsevol nivell educatiu. La seva descobridora, la naturalista gal·lesa Dorothea Bate, és un model de científica. Va ser la primera dona contractada pel Natural History Museum de Londres.

Biopolityka wydaje się być pojęciem o szczególnym znaczeniu ze względu na tempo rozwoju nauk biologicznych oraz przemiany społeczno-polityczne. Jej główny cel – „dobro każdego człowieka” – nabiera szczególnego znaczenia, które skłania do zastanowienia się nad fundamentem, na którym się opiera i postawienia głębszych pytań, np. jakie jest prawdziwe i realne dobro każdej jednostki i całości wspólnotę i na jakich fundamentach należy ją budować? Wtedy, nawet jeśli pytanie dotyczy przede wszystkim dziedziny biologicznej, tak istotnej dla biopolityki, odpowiedź wykraczałaby poza biologiczne granice.

Existe una tendencia marcada hacia la reducción o eliminación de asignaturas relacionadas al desarrollo del pensamiento analítico o a la crítica social en los programas educativos que ofrecen las instituciones de educación superior. En el caso específico de la Licenciatura en Biología ofertada por la Universidad Autónoma de Occidente se observa la reducción de asignaturas relacionadas al área de matemáticas. Este fenómeno, impulsado por los profesores que forman parte de la academia del programa, tiene como trasfondo el cumplimiento de una agenda neoliberal que propicia la capitalización de la educación, la mercantilización de las instituciones y la tecnificación de los profesionistas, así como la propagación de ideologías respecto a los saberes y habilidades del biólogo.

El ADN está presente constantemente en nuestras vidas, pero, ¿realmente cuánto sabemos sobre este tema? A lo largo de este libro el autor mostrará el origen y evolución del ADN, haciendo que nos demos cuenta de lo enormemente importante que ha sido este descubrimiento a lo largo de la historia, y de todo lo que puede aportar en un futuro.

Se analiza una propuesta de intervención que sintetiza un modo de enseñanza de la botánica sistemática bajo un formato sustentado en las didácticas específicas como mediación del aprendizaje de contenidos y la adquisición de competencias específicas de la disciplina a través de un modelo de aprendizaje basado en problemas de investigación con la tutoría de las/os docente como facilitadores. Se enuncian y comparan algunos emergentes utilizando el relato pedagógico como herramienta para la reconstrucción de lo acontecido en clase, aunque poniéndolo en diálogo con los aportes teóricos de autores que constituyen el marco de referencia en el que se encuadra el sustento pedagógico y las decisiones que de él emergen. La propuesta recupera siete años de trabajo de los cuales los últimos dos han estado atravesados por la virtualidad como territorio de aprendizaje.

A espécie Marava arachidis apresenta comportamento generalista e sendo assim um importante agente de controle biológico. No entanto, para uso desta espécie como controladora de pragas em campo, há a necessidade de conhecer a espécie em seus diversos aspectos biológicos. Sendo assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos das temperaturas alternadas sobre a biologia de M. arachidis. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Laboratório de Invertebrados do Departamento de Biociências da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Campus II, Areia, PB. Para estudar o efeito das temperaturas sobre as fases de M. arachidis, foram utilizadas quatro câmaras climatizadas (B.O.D.) reguladas nas temperaturas de 18, 26, 21 e 30ºC, umidade relativa de 70±10% e fotofase de 12h. Os indivíduos foram agrupados em quatro bandejas submetidas a alternância de temperaturas, bandejas um e dois alternavam-se entre as temperaturas 18 e 26ºC e as bandejas três e quatro nas temperaturas de 21 e 30ºC. Um total de 240 insetos sendo 10 repetições de cada instar e 10 casais foram avaliados diariamente durante 75 dias. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise de componentes principais (ACP). Foi observado que, sob condições de laboratório, a alternância de temperaturas influencia a biologia de M. arachidis, sendo o IV instar o mais resistente as mudanças das temperaturas e que as fêmeas adultas obtêm melhor desempenho sob a alternância de temperatura de 26 - 18 e 21 - 30°C.

Expediente

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a percepção dos professores de Biologia na relação com as fake news nas disciplinas de Ciências e Biologia. Considerando as dificuldades do cenário atual no contexto de pandemia e considerando que os alunos estão cada vez mais conectados à internet, foi realizado uma pesquisa de caráter exploratória por meio da aplicação de um questionário online a 125 professores de Ciências e Biologia. A análise, de caráter quali-quantitativo, revelou que há um elevado grau de vivência dos professores com as fake news, em sala de aula, e a grande maioria afirma ser um tema de interesse e precisa ser combatido a fim de evitar danos à Educação e ao ensino de Ciências.

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Compagnia is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Understanding the seasonal prevalence and biological parameters of mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse) are indispensable for population estimates, efficient vector control and dengue prevention tactics. The sampling of Ae. albopictus was completed through the collection of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults throughout the study seasons by use of nets and ovitraps at least once a week. Occurrence of Ae. albopictus was distinguished heterogeneously and populations were observed maximum in October post-monsoon season. The populations increased progressively from January-May and sharply deteriorated in June-July and September-November months revealing the highest breeding. However, the lowest density was observed during December- February. Growth of Ae. albopictus evaluated under standardized laboratory conditions with the provision of Balb/C mice as blood meal to adult mosquitoes, exhibited eggs hatching, and first, second, third and fourth instar larvae development in 3, 1.3, 1.2, 1.7 and 2.8 days, respectively. Nevertheless, pupation development, adult emergence, total life duration from egg hatching to adult emergence, male and female life spans persisted for 7, 3, 20, 25 and 30 days, respectively. Aedes albopictus accounted for 1% density of other mosquito genera collected (Culex and Anopheles), while, Aedes aegypti (L) was 3% abundant and indicated that both Aedes species had coexistence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is a literature review with a qualitative approach focused on raising in Database, scientific articles, TCC, dissertations and theses, related to the teaching and learning process, specifically in Biology, in the (post) pandemic context. For this, we selected works that were related to the informed requirements. In this way, the research allowed to return results on what was proposed, but little quantitative when aimed at post-pandemic education. In this sense, it is believed that investigations like this are relevant to the area of Natural Sciences, since the teaching and learning of specifically biology skills reflect not only on biological knowledge, but inherent to the student’s practice as a citizen in a society of changes. Based on the results and dialogues of the work, it was considered that it is still a new theme when focused on the characteristics presented and significantly relevant, therefore, further research on the subject is urgently needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]