323 results on '"Barbara Martin"'
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52. Dissent on the Belarusian Literary Front
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Barbara Martin
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Cultural Studies ,History - Published
- 2021
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53. The Sakharov-Medvedev Debate on Détente and Human Rights
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Barbara Martin
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History ,Law ,Political science ,Political Science and International Relations ,Amendment - Abstract
This article examines the debate between Soviet dissidents Andrei Sakharov and Roy Medvedev in the 1970s concerning the Jackson-Vanik Amendment and détente. Although both dissidents stood for East-West détente and democratization of the Soviet system and believed in the possibility of a dialogue with Soviet leaders until 1970, they later diverged in their views about methods of action. As Sakharov lost faith in the possibility of influencing the Soviet regime headed by Leonid Brezhnev, he shifted to a more radical position, adopting the language of human rights and turning to Western politicians and public opinion as an audience for his calls. Sakharov's public embrace of the Jackson-Vanik Amendment was in line with his advocacy of freedom of emigration and his belief that the West should extract concessions in the field of human rights before granting trade benefits to the Soviet Union. Medvedev, by contrast, argued that the amendment was counterproductive insofar as it risked alienating Soviet leaders and triggering adverse results. He considered that détente should be encouraged for its own sake, with the hope that over time it would spur democratization in the country. Medvedev's argument had much in common with the West German leader Willy Brandt's notion of “change through rapprochement,” a concept invoked as a rationale for Brandt's Ostpolitik. Although Sakharov's position earned him the Nobel Peace Prize, the Helsinki Accords showed how détente could serve the cause of human rights even with the Cold War under way.
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- 2021
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54. Abordagem Diagnóstica, Terapêutica e de Monitorização na Suspeita de Neurossífilis: Proposta de Protocolo Clínico
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Bárbara Martins, Gabriela Canelas, Rafael Dias, Beatriz Prista-Leão, Cláudio Silva, Andreia Costa, and André Silva-Pinto
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Neurossífilis/diagnóstico ,Neurossífilis/tratamento ,Serodiagnóstico da Sífilis ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
O presente protocolo clínico foi desenhado para servir como um guia hospitalar na abordagem diagnóstica, terapêutica e de monitorização da neurossífilis, tendo em conta a positividade ou não para o vírus de imunodeficiência humana. A sífilis é uma doença sexualmente transmissível, de notificação obrigatória, conhecida como a grande imitadora nosológica. Em cerca de 30% dos casos de doença não tratada ocorre infeção persistente do sistema nervoso central. A neurossífilis é uma forma grave e progressiva de sífilis, que pode ocorrer em qualquer estádio da doença, com frequente atraso no diagnóstico e tratamento. Classifica-se como neurossífilis precoce (meningite sifilítica, neurossífilis meningovascular ou gomas sifilíticas) e neurossífilis tardia (gomas sifilíticas, demência sifilítica ou tabes dorsalis). A importância da punção lombar prende-se não só com questões diagnósticas, mas também com a avaliação da eficácia do tratamento. O tratamento desta patologia em todos os estádios consiste em penicilina por via parentérica. Com este protocolo pretende-se facilitar a decisão clínica nos casos de suspeita de neurossífilis através de uma conduta sistematizada, individualizada e multidisciplinar.
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- 2024
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55. ID130 Análise do Impacto Orçamentário na incorporação do Transplante de Microbiota Fecal para tratamento de infecções recorrentes por Clostridioides difficile
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Tatiane Garcia do Carmo Flausino, Elene Paltrinieri Nardi, Bárbara Martins Lima, Fábio Ricardo Carrasco, Gerhard Da Paz Lauterbach, Rosely Moralez de Figueiredo, and Daniela Oliveira de Melo
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Transplante de microbiota fecal ,Infecções por Clostridium ,Análise de Impacto Orçamentário de Avanços Terapêuticos ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 ,Pharmaceutical industry ,HD9665-9675 - Abstract
Introdução As infecções por Clostridiodes difficile (C. difficile) vêm sofrendo aumento global e estão entre infecções relacionadas a assistência à saúde mais prevalentes nas instituições de saúde. Estão diretamente relacionadas ao uso de antimicrobianos, em particular os de amplo espectro, podendo desencadear diversas complicações. A recorrência é caracterizada por novo episódio da infecção em um período de até dois meses, após o fim do tratamento do primeiro episódio. Embora diretrizes internacionais apontem como primeira linha de tratamento para os casos recorrentes o uso de fidaxomicina ou vancomicina oral e o transplante de microbiota fecal (TMF), no Brasil, devido à falta de registro e comercialização de fidaxomicina e vancomicina oral, o tratamento é realizado principalmente com metronidazol e uso off label de vancomicina oral preparada a partir do pó liofilizado para administração endovenosa. Considerando as limitações de tratamento da infecção recorrente no cenário brasileiro, o transplante de microbiota fecal, uma terapia mais efetiva em comparação ao tratamento com metronidazol e vancomicina para os casos recorrentes, pode ser um recurso terapêutico de grande relevância para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar uma análise de impacto orçamentário para avaliar a factibilidade da incorporação do TMF no SUS. Métodos Foi realizada análise de impacto orçamentário, sob a perspectiva do SUS, comparando o tratamento atual de infecções recorrentes por C. difficile no Brasil realizado com vancomicina e/ou metronidazol com o cenário alternativo, através da incorporação do TMF com fezes frescas por colonoscopia. O horizonte temporal considerado foi de cinco anos, englobando os anos de 2024 a 2028, com taxa de difusão inicial de 5% em 2024, seguida de 10, 20, 40 e 80% no último ano, 2028. A população foi determinada a partir da abordagem epidemiológica, com aplicação da taxa de incidência e recorrência na população brasileira geral. O levantamento de custos foi realizado por método de microcusteio, sendo considerados todos os custos diretos associados ao tratamento atual e custos diretos do TMF, incluindo custos relacionados ao doador, receptor e processamento das fezes. Foi realizada análise de sensibilidade determinística para os seguintes parâmetros: custo do metronidazol oral e endovenoso, custo da vancomicina, custo do transplante, taxa de absorção, taxa de incidência e taxa de recorrência. Todos os dados utilizados no estudo são de domínio público. Resultados A análise do impacto orçamentário da incorporação do TMF no SUS, na estimativa pontual, evidenciou economia de R$ 27.084,72 acumulada nos cinco anos considerados. Os valores da análise de sensibilidade variaram de R$ -187.041,31 à R$ 357.176,64. Com relação à variação dos parâmetros na análise de sensibilidade, apenas a variação do custo de metronidazol injetável para o limite inferior e a variação do custo do transplante para o limite superior resultaram em maior custo para o SUS com a incorporação do TMF. O TMF se mostrou a opção mais econômica para todos os demais parâmetros variados na análise de sensibilidade. Discussão e conclusões Nenhum estudo brasileiro avaliou, até o momento, o impacto orçamentário da incorporação do TMF no Brasil. A análise de impacto orçamentário realizada demonstrou que a incorporação do TMF no SUS não só é factível como é capaz de gerar economia, o que pode contribuir para a sustentabilidade do sistema de saúde público. Para além do aspecto econômico, a incorporação da tecnologia possibilitaria a redução do consumo de antimicrobianos sistêmicos, o que poderia impactar positivamente na redução da resistência antimicrobiana, uma emergência global em saúde. Considerando a relevância do TMF para o SUS, espera-se que pesquisas futuras sobre o tema, incluindo a avaliação de aspectos regulatórios, éticos e processuais possam ser realizadas, de modo que, em futuro próximo, usuários do SUS com infecções recorrentes por C. difficile tenham o TMF como opção terapêutica segura, eficaz e econômica.
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- 2024
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56. Talking together: how language documentation and teaching practice support oral language development in bilingual education programs
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Carmel O'Shannessy, Samantha Disbray, Gretel Macdonald, and Barbara Martin
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Linguistics and Language ,Language development ,Medical education ,Literacy skill ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Bilingual education ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Language documentation ,Psychology ,Minority language ,Language and Linguistics ,Education - Abstract
When an endangered or minority language is spoken by children and taught in schools, both oral and literacy skills are crucial for continued language maintenance. In school settings, literacy skill...
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- 2020
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57. Languages Ideologies and Practice From the Land and the Classroom
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Samantha Disbray, Rosemary Plummer, and Barbara Martin
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Linguistics and Language ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Media studies ,Ideology ,Sociology ,Language and Linguistics ,media_common - Published
- 2020
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58. Ultra-High T
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Basile, Commarieu, Moubarak, Compaoré, Raphaël, de Boëver, Régis, Imbeault, Maxime, Leprince, Barbara, Martin, Bruno, Perard, Weiguang, Qiu, and Jerome P, Claverie
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Insertion polynorbornenes (PBNEs) are rigid-rod polymers that have very high glass transition temperatures (T
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- 2022
59. Effective Online Learning Begins with Effective Teacher Preparation
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Frazier, Laura Corbin, primary and Palmer, Barbara Martin, additional
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- 2016
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60. From sectoral industrial composition to employment and reverse. The Italian Case
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Massimo Giannini, Barbara Martini, and Cristiana Fiorelli
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entropy ,variety ,sectoral composition ,knowledge diffusion ,spatial var ,Social Sciences ,History of Eastern Europe ,DJK1-77 - Abstract
The diffusion of knowledge among firms and workers, which, in turn, depends on the nature of the knowledge itself and the relatedness or unrelatedness of the industrial composition, is an essential driver for the growth and employment of territories. The proximity between related industries allows for faster diffusion of specific knowledge, as happens in the Marshall-Arrow-Romer (MAR) theory of externalities (agglomeration) and Jacobs’s theory of knowledge transmission. The literature (notably the Evolutionary Economic Geography one, EEG) has empirically investigated the relationship between employment (or GDP) and some measures of industrial composition (e.g., the related and unrelated variety). In this paper, we contribute to the literature in two ways. First, we propose a more coherent use of entropy indexes to measure the relatedness or unrelatedness of industries in an economy. Second, we empirically investigate the nexus between industrial composition and employment level by exploiting these measures. Unlike the existing literature, we argue that such a nexus could be circular. For such a reason, an empirical investigation using a spatial vector autoregressive (SpVAR) model will be performed for the Italian economy at the provincial level. The results show that such a circular nexus exists, shedding new light on the debate.
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- 2024
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61. RADIATION SAFETY E-LEARNING TRAINING FOR NON-RADIOLOGY DOCTORS AND OTHER STAFF: EXPERIENCES IN A MAJOR ACADEMIC TEACHING HOSPITAL
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Mr Jose Binghay Jr., Thomas Heary, Ms Aine Matthews, Ms Maria Dooley, Ronan Faulkner, Mr Jack O’Shea, Ms Geraldine Flannery, Ms Barbara Martin, Mr Hai Lien Thanh, and Mark Given
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Biophysics ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,General Medicine - Published
- 2022
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62. Integrating Water Reuse Into the US Water Supply Portfolio
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Barbara Martin and Steve Via
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Water conservation ,business.industry ,Environmental science ,Portfolio ,Population growth ,Water supply ,General Chemistry ,Environmental economics ,Reuse ,business ,Water Science and Technology - Published
- 2020
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63. TPACK + Mathematics: A Review of Current TPACK Literature
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Barbara Martin and Karlee Stapf
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Mathematics education ,Current (fluid) - Published
- 2019
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64. Goals-of-care and serious illness conversations for patients with cancer with inpatient mortality
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Julie Jiyun Lee, Margaret Wheless, Henry Domenico, Barbara Martin, Marc Bennett, Jennifer Kiser Green, and Rajiv Agarwal
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
184 Background: Goals-of-care (GOC) and serious illness conversations are an integral part of personalized cancer care, particularly toward the end of life (EOL). Eliciting patients (pts)’ preferences and values facilitates informed decision-making throughout the disease course and enables oncologists to provide patient-centered care. Many aspects of GOC discussions and advance care planning (ACP) are inadequately understood, particularly during transitions of care when pts are hospitalized. Methods: We administered surveys to inpatient and outpatient medical oncologists of pts who died while hospitalized from 5/1/2020 to 5/31/2021. Survey items included oncologists’ knowledge of inpatient death, anticipation of pt death within six months of admission, recollection of GOC discussions taking place, and perceived barriers to GOC discussions. To better characterize EOL planning for these pts, retrospective data was collected to identify documentation of GOC discussions, advance directives, and hospice consideration in pts’ electronic health records. Results: For 75 cancer pts who died while hospitalized, 158 surveys were electronically administered with 104 responses (response rate: 66%). Pts characteristics: median age 62 (range 25-89); 63% men; 79% white; median length of hospital stay 7 days (range 1-45). Primary cancer disease type varied: 26.7% gastrointestinal, 18.7% non-small cell lung, 14.7% hematologic, 10.7% sarcoma, 9.3% genitourinary, and 19.9% other cancers. Of 104 completed surveys, responses were received from 40 inpatient and 64 outpatient oncologists. 81 oncologists (77.9%) were aware of the pt’s death prior to survey communication, 68 (65.4%) anticipated the pt’s death within six months of admission, and 67 (64.4%) recalled having a GOC discussion prior to or during the terminal hospitalization. Only 21.3% of pts had documented GOC discussions prior to admission, 33.3% had advance directives, and 22.7% had prior documentation of hospice consideration. Oncologist-reported barriers to GOC discussions included unrealistic expectations from pts or family (25%) and inability for pts to participate due to their clinical condition (15%). Oncologists commented on lack of time, lack of communication between inpatient and outpatient teams, and discordance among multiple inpatient providers as additional barriers. Conclusions: Most oncologists recalled having GOC discussions and anticipated six-month mortality for cancer pts who died while hospitalized. However, documentation of ACP and serious illness communication remained sub-optimal. Ongoing analyses are examining potential associations between patient, provider, and patient-provider relationship factors and oncologists’ survey responses. Addressing barriers to serious illness conversations across different healthcare settings is crucial to providing high-quality EOL care for cancer pts.
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- 2022
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65. X-IVUS: integrated x-ray and IVUS system for the Cathlab.
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Barbara Martin-Leung, Kai Eck, Jörg Bredno, and Til Aach
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- 2005
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66. Effective Online Learning Begins with Effective Teacher Preparation
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Frazier, Laura Corbin, primary and Palmer, Barbara Martin, additional
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- 2015
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67. Algorithmic solutions for live device-to-vessel match.
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Jörg Bredno, Barbara Martin-Leung, and Kai Eck
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- 2004
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68. EP-054 - IMPACTO DE TESTE MOLECULAR RÁPIDO PARA CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS E A NEISSERI GONORRHOEAE NO MANEJO DE URETRITES E PROCTITES
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Alessa Vitorini Santos, Sigrid de Sousa dos Santos, Bárbara Martins Lima, Renata dos Santos Woloszynek, Roberto Augusto Molina, Paulo Inácio da Costa, Ilana Lopes Camargo, and Anderson Ferreira Da Cunha
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Introdução: Queixas de uretrite e proctite são comuns na prática clínica, sendo as principais etiologias a Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) e a Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), geralmente tratadas empiricamente. No entanto, outros agentes pouco lembrados como os micoplasmas, ureaplasmas e tricomonas eventualmente são os causadores destes sintomas. Com isso, a terapia empírica pode não necessariamente levar à cura e facilita a resistência aos antimicrobianos. Ademais, considerando as alterações das manifestações do monkeypox ao longo do tempo, a redução de sua notificação e o fato do vírus poder apresentar essas manifestações na transmissão sexual, essa poderia ser uma outra etiologia. Objetivo: Avaliar características clínicas, epidemiológicas e etiológicas de pacientes com uretrite e/ou proctite em São Carlos-SP, avaliar o impacto da implantação de teste molecular rápido para CT e NG (CT/NG qPCR) em seu manejo clínico e desenvolver qPCR para identificação dos outros agentes. Método: Estudo observacional transversal incluiu indivíduos adultos com sintomas de uretrite e/ou proctite e/ou lesões cutâneas, genitais ou anais compatíveis com monkeypox. Realizada entrevista, exame físico, coleta e congelamento de urina para CT/NG qPCR e para posterior realização de reações em cadeia por polimerase em tempo real (qPCR) para Trichomonas vaginalis, Ureaplasma spp, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis e vírus Monkeypox. Realizados testes rápidos para IST (TR), cultura geral de secreção uretral e eventualmente VDRL e anti-HSV. Os qPCR foram desenvolvidos com o uso de SYBR green, com base em primers da literatura, analisados e modificados nas ferramentas BLAST/NCBI e OligoAnalyzer. Resultados: Até o momento, foram incluídos oito homens, entre 21 e 43 anos, todos com descarga uretral, disúria, desconforto peniano e/ou escrotal, quatro com alterações de faringe ou mucosa oral, três com lesões ulceradas genitais e quatro com adenomegalia. O CT/NG qPCR excluiu infecção por CT em todos os pacientes e de NG em quatro. Evitou-se o uso empírico de azitromicina em sete pacientes e de ceftriaxona em três. Houve paciente com quatro ISTs simultâneas. Conclusão: A implantação do CT/NG qPCR teve resultados benéficos na pequena amostra de pacientes incluídos até o momento, permitindo o tratamento direcionado e a redução do uso empírico de azitromicina e ceftriaxona. No entanto, o diagnóstico nem sempre se reverte em diminuição do uso empírico de antimicrobianos.
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- 2024
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69. EP-485 - MENINGITE POR CANDIDA ALBICANS SECUNDÁRIA A OTITE MÉDIA EM IDOSA IMUNOCOMPETENTE
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Erika Cristina Napolitano Giul, Sigrid de Souza dos Santos, Barbara Martins Lima, and Felipe Augusto Santos Nunes
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Introdução: : As infecções fúngicas em sistema nervoso central tem aumentado na ultima década, relacionado ao aumento da prevalência de pessoas imunocomprometidas, característica relacionada como principal fator de risco para tais infecções. As meningites por fungos possuem alta morbidade e mortalidade. Objetivo: Esse relato traz raro caso de meningite por Candida albicans associada à otite média com o objetivo de fomentar a discussão sobre tratamento e investigação complementar sobre um tema com pouca literatura. Método: Trata-se de um relato de caso, retrospectivo, com dados colhidos em prontuário, aplicado de termo de conscentimento livre e esclarecido. Realizado revisão de literatura não sistemática em bases de dados virtuais. Resultados: Paciente, 75 anos, portadora de hipertensão e hiperlipidemia, dá entrada com quadro de infecção de vias áreas superiores, com otite média com saída se secreção purulenta bilateralmente, evolui com rebaixamento de nível de consciência com necessidade de intubação orotraqueal. Realizado protocolo de sepse com expansão volêmica, coleta de culturas e inicio de antibiótico (ceftriaxone 2g). Em investigação de etiologia do quadro hemoculturas foram negativas, analise do liquor com leucocitos 3840 mm³, 96% de neutrófilos e proteinas 496mg/dl. Iniciado tratamento com ceftriaxone e ampicilina, no 4° dia de tratamento foram identificadas células fúngicas em cultura do liquor e associado anfotericina B. Paciente evolui com melhora clinica e neurológica. É extubada e identificado o fungo na cultura do liquor como Candida albicans. Trocado o anti fungico para fluconazol endovenoso. Foi realizada controle de resposta ao tratamento com coletas semanais de liquor com redução de celularidade e proteinorraquia. Realizada tomografia de seios da face com sinais de mastoidite crônia, porém sem lesões erosivas ósseas que justificassem solução de continuidade tecidual para infecção de sistema nervoso central. Paciente teve alta hospitalar, fez seguimento no ambulatório de infectologia, sem sequelas neurológicas. Conclusão: Os imunocomprometidos são descritos como suscetíveis ao desenvolvimento de infecções fúngicas em sistema nervoso central. No caso relatado, a paciente não possuía fatores de risco bem descritos para cogitar etiologia fúngica para o quadro. Apesar de apresentar otite média, essa não apresentou imagens de erosão óssea que justificasse a translocação para o sistema nervoso central, tornando o caso de difícil diagnóstico, o qual só pode ser elucidado pela cultura do liquor.
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- 2024
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70. [Episode-based bundled payment model: evaluation of medical costs for early operable breast cancer]
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Doriane, Majou, Yanis, Mekarnia, Barbara, Martin, Roman, Rouzier, and Delphine, Héquet
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Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Reproducibility of Results ,Breast Neoplasms ,Fee-for-Service Plans ,Middle Aged ,Mastectomy, Segmental ,Home Care Services ,Patient Readmission ,Direct Service Costs ,Hospitalization ,Reimbursement Mechanisms ,Area Under Curve ,Humans ,Female ,Patient Reported Outcome Measures ,Prospective Studies ,Mastectomy, Radical ,Aged ,Quality of Health Care - Abstract
Episode-based bundled payment model is actually opposing to fee-for-service model, intending to incentivize coordinated care. The aims of these study were to determine episode-based costs for surgery in early breast cancer patients and to propose a payment model.OPTISOINS01 was a multicenter prospective study including early breast cancer patients from diagnosis to one-year follow up. Direct medical costs, quality and patient reported outcomes were collected.Data from 604 patients were analyzed. Episode-based costs for surgery were higher in case of: planned radical surgery (OR=9,47 ; IC95 % [3,49-28,01]; P0,001), hospitalization during more than one night (OR=6,73; IC95% [2,59-17,46]; P0,001), home hospitalization (OR=11,07 ; IC95 % [3,01-173][3,01-54][3,01-543][3,01-54,33]; P0,001) and re-hospitalization (OR=25,71 ; IC95 % [9,24-89,17; P0,001). The average cost was 5 268 € [2 947-18 461] when a lumpectomy was planned and 7408 € [4 222-22 565] in case of radical mastectomy. Bootstrap method was applied for internal validation of the cost model showing the reliability of the model with an area under the curve of 0,83 (95 % CI [0,80-0,86]). Care quality and patient reported outcomes were not related to the costs.This is the first report of episode-based costs for breast cancer surgery. An external validation will be necessary to validate our payment model.
- Published
- 2021
71. Barriers to and Facilitators of Bedside Nursing Handover: A Systematic Review and Meta-synthesis
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Sara Campagna, Barbara Martin, Marco Clari, Valerio Dimonte, Daniela Chiarini, and Alessio Conti
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Meta synthesis ,implementation science ,business.industry ,Health Personnel ,Moderate level ,MEDLINE ,Patient Handoff ,Personal Satisfaction ,implementation science, meta-aggregation method, patient handoff, quality of health care, systematic review ,Patient safety ,quality of health care ,systematic review ,Nursing ,Handover ,Health care ,Humans ,meta-aggregation method ,business ,Psychology ,General Nursing ,Qualitative Research ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Background Bedside nursing handover (BNH) has been recognized as a contributor to patient-centered care. However, concerns about its effectiveness suggest that contextual factors should be considered before and after BNH implementation. Purpose This review aimed to identify, evaluate, and synthetize the qualitative literature on the barriers to and facilitators of BNH as experienced by nurses and patients. Methods The Joanna Briggs Institute meta-aggregation method was applied. A systematic search was performed to identify qualitative studies published from inception to June 30, 2020. Two independent researchers assessed methodological quality and extracted data. Results Twenty-four articles were included, comprising 161 findings, and 5 synthesized findings emerged with a moderate level of confidence. Conclusions BNH ensures patient safety and increases satisfaction and recognition among patients and nurses. This evidence on the barriers to and facilitators of BNH could help health care providers who have implemented or plan to implement this practice.
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- 2021
72. Don't Give Your Heart to a Rambler : My Life with Jimmy Martin, the King of Bluegrass
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STEPHENS, BARBARA MARTIN, HENRY, MURPHY HICKS, FOREWORD BY, STEPHENS, BARBARA MARTIN, and HENRY, MURPHY HICKS
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- 2017
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73. Assessing Motivation to Read
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Gambrell, Linda B., Palmer, Barbara Martin, Codling, Rose Marie, and Mazzoni, Susan Anders
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- 1996
74. Desenvolvimento de um vídeo formativo como instrumento para melhoria da literacia em saúde: um projeto de intervenção
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Tiago Fernandes Flores, António Vilela, Bárbara Martins, Mariana Abreu Gonçalves, João Mário Pinto, Ana Isabel Pereira, and Joana Gonçalves Luís
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literacia médica ,multimédia ,cuidados de saúde primários ,medicina geral e familiar ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introdução: A promoção da literacia em saúde é crucial para que os utentes possam tomar decisões adequadas em matéria de saúde, promovendo uma utilização mais eficiente dos recursos e contribuindo para a sua sustentabilidade. Objetivos: Promover a literacia em saúde entre os utentes de seis Unidades de Saúde Familiar (USF) no Norte de Portugal acerca da organização e estrutura dos cuidados de saúde primários (CSP) e a especialidade médica de medicina geral e familiar (MGF). Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospetivo, do tipo coorte. Foram aplicados questionários em formato Google® Docs a utentes com 18 ou mais anos, que preenchiam os critérios de inclusão, antes e após um mês da intervenção. A intervenção consistiu na visualização de um vídeo formativo preparado pelos autores acerca da organização e os recursos dos CSP e a especialidade de MGF. Resultados: O questionário pré-intervenção foi preenchido por 274 utentes, 165 visualizaram o vídeo educativo e 113 preencheram o questionário pós-intervenção. Apenas 88 utilizadores participaram em todas as fases do projeto e foram considerados elegíveis para a interpretação dos resultados. Após a intervenção verificou-se uma melhoria estatisticamente significativa na classificação geral obtida no questionário, com um aumento na percentagem de respostas corretas de 66,7% para 72,7% (p=0,004; IC 95%). Verificou-se também um aumento na taxa de respostas corretas em quase todas as questões aplicadas. Discussão e Conclusão: A literacia em saúde ajuda os cidadãos a tomar melhores decisões em relação à sua saúde, com um consequente impacto económico e social. Este projeto culminou na criação de uma ferramenta multimédia capaz de melhorar os conhecimentos dos utentes portugueses acerca dos CSP, passível de ser replicada noutros locais do País.
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- 2024
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75. Religious Life in the Late Soviet Union : From Survival to Revival (1960s-1980s)
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Barbara Martin, Nadezhda Beliakova, Barbara Martin, and Nadezhda Beliakova
- Subjects
- Communism and religion
- Abstract
This book presents the first large overview of late Soviet religiosity across several confessions and Soviet republics, from the 1960s to the 1980s. Based on a broad range of new sources on the daily life of religious communities, including material from regional archives and oral history, it shows that religion not only survived Soviet anti-religious repression, but also adapted to new conditions. Going beyond traditional views about a mere'returned of the repressed', the book shows how new forms of religiosity and religious socialisation emerged, as new generations born into atheist families turned to religion in search of new meaning, long before perestroika facilitated this process. In addition, the book examines anew religious activism and transnational networks between Soviet believers and Western organisations during the Cold War, explores the religious dimension of Soviet female activism, and shifts the focus away from the non-religious human rights movement and from religious institutions to ordinary believers.
- Published
- 2023
76. Roy and Zhores Medvedev : Loyal Dissent in the Soviet Union
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Barbara Martin and Barbara Martin
- Subjects
- Dissenters--Soviet Union--Biography, Biologists--Soviet Union--Biography
- Abstract
Roy and Zhores Medvedev, two identical twins with a unique fate, not only lived through a whole century of history, from Stalin to Putin, they wrote and made history. Their research on Stalinism, the first to come out of the Soviet Union in the 1960s-1970s, turned them into famous dissidents overnight, but their criticism of the regime always remained loyal to Soviet power. The story of their lives provides a snapshot into the history of Soviet dissent, from psychiatric hospitalization to forced exile, and from KGB interrogations to collaboration with Western news correspondents. Yet their trajectory was also marred by controversy with fellow dissidents, and in the post-Soviet era active support of authoritarian rulers, including Vladimir Putin.
- Published
- 2023
77. Poésie, Philosophie, Orthodoxie
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Barbara Martin
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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78. Models for Implementing Effective Online Learning
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Barbara Martin Palmer and Laura Corbin Frazier
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Multimedia ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Online learning ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,0509 other social sciences ,computer.software_genre ,Psychology ,050904 information & library sciences ,computer ,0503 education - Abstract
This chapter provides a description of five models for professional development (PD) for online instruction and analyzes each model according to domains of effective online instruction (i.e., faculty stance, student self-regulation, faculty support, authentic practice, engagement, community development, and cognitive demand). Additionally, a decision model is provided for K-12 and university administrators, teacher educators, and policymakers to guide strategic decision making in the determination of a model for PD best suited to the needs and resources of their institution.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
79. SARS-CoV-2 RNA identification in nasopharyngeal swabs: issues in pre-analytics
- Author
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Ada Aita, Paola Fioretto, Stefania Moz, Dania Bozzato, Mario Plebani, Elisa Franchin, Carlo-Federico Zambon, Andrea Crisanti, Chiara Dal Pra, Barbara Martin, Filippo Navaglia, and Daniela Basso
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Veterinary medicine ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Time Factors ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Hospitalized patients ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,030106 microbiology ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Ribonuclease P ,Specimen Handling ,03 medical and health sciences ,Betacoronavirus ,Coronavirus Envelope Proteins ,pre-analytical ,0302 clinical medicine ,COVID-19 Testing ,Viral Envelope Proteins ,COVID-19 ,nasopharyngeal swab ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Nasopharynx ,Medicine ,Humans ,Potential source ,Sampling (medicine) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pandemics ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Clinical Laboratory Techniques ,Diagnostic Tests, Routine ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Temperature ,Reproducibility of Results ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Pre analytics ,RNA, Viral ,Female ,business ,Coronavirus Infections ,Viral load - Abstract
Objectives The direct identification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs is recommended for diagnosing the novel COVID-19 disease. Pre-analytical determinants, such as sampling procedures, time and temperature storage conditions, might impact on the end result. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of sampling procedures, time and temperature of the primary nasopharyngeal swabs storage on real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) results. Methods Each nasopharyngeal swab obtained from 10 hospitalized patients for COVID-19 was subdivided in 15 aliquots: five were kept at room temperature; five were refrigerated (+4 °C); five were immediately mixed with the extraction buffer and refrigerated at +4 °C. Every day and for 5 days, one aliquot per condition was analyzed (rRT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 gene E and RNaseP and threshold cycles (Ct) compared. To evaluate manual sampling, 70 nasopharyngeal swabs were sampled twice by two different operators and analyzed separately one from the other. Results A total of 6/10 swabs were SARS-CoV-2 positive. No significant time or storage-dependent variations were observed in SARS-CoV-2 Ct. Re-sampling of swabs with SARS-CoV-2 Ct lower than 33 resulted in highly reproducible results (CV=2.9%), while a high variability was observed when Ct values were higher than 33 (CV=10.3%). Conclusions This study demonstrates that time and temperature of nasopharyngeal swabs storage do not significantly impact on results reproducibility. However, swabs sampling is a critical step, and especially in case of low viral load, might be a potential source of diagnostic errors.
- Published
- 2020
80. Soviet Dissidents and the Legacy of the 1917 Revolutions
- Author
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Barbara Martin
- Subjects
History - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
81. Psychiatry in Late Soviet Literature
- Author
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Barbara Martin and Clemens Günther
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine ,Psychiatry - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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82. Designing Effective Professional Development for Teaching Students in Poverty: Impact on Teacher Beliefs and Classroom Practice
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Wickham, Barbara Martin, Counselor Education, Mullen, Carol Ann, Price, Ted S., Schulz, Jonathan Edward, and Cash, Carol S.
- Subjects
Career development ,instructional strategies ,poverty ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,beliefs ,interview ,survey - Abstract
Poverty has a consequential impact on student achievement. The No Child Left Behind Act and more recently the Every Student Succeeds Act put pressure on educators to close the achievement gap that exists for economically disadvantaged students. While this gap remains, high-poverty, high-achieving schools do exist. The purpose of this study was to discern the impact of practitioner-designed professional development (PD) on teacher beliefs about students from poverty. This study focused on the creation and implementation of PD designed to help teachers explore their beliefs, and investigated whether these beliefs changed after teachers received PD addressing teaching students from poverty. This PD was based on research from multiple studies on educators' perspectives and effective teaching strategies for poor students. The study was conducted using action research, with a mixed-methods approach, incorporating the quantitative analysis of surveys and the qualitative analysis of professional learning experiences and interviews. Findings from the study indicate that practitioner-designed PD can impact teachers' beliefs and lead to changes in their instructional practices. This research could provide guidance for school administrators and higher education leaders who seek to develop and implement PD that addresses teaching students in poverty. Doctor of Education Poverty has a consequential impact on student achievement. The No Child Left Behind Act and more recently the Every Student Succeeds Act required educators to close the achievement gap that exists for students from poverty. While this gap remains, high-poverty, high-achieving schools do exist. The purpose of this study was to discern the impact of practitioner-designed professional development (PD) on teacher beliefs about students from poverty. The study focused on the creation and implementation of PD designed to help teachers explore their beliefs, and investigated whether these beliefs changed after teachers received PD addressing teaching students from poverty. Findings from the study indicate that practitioner-designed PD can impact teachers' beliefs and lead to changes in their instructional practices. This research could provide guidance for school administrators and higher education leaders who seek to develop and implement PD that addresses teaching students in poverty.
- Published
- 2020
83. 'You helped us and now we’re going to all help you': What we learned about how to do research together
- Author
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Mona Kantawara, Lisa Hall, Ntaria Community, Barbara Martin, Papunya Community, Yamurna Oldfield, Linda Anderson, Yuendumu Community, Fiona Gibson, and Nyirrpi Community
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Computer science - Published
- 2018
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84. Babi Yar
- Author
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Barbara Martin
- Abstract
e ravin de Babi Yar, à la périphérie de Kiev, est resté inscrit dans la mémoire collective comme le tragique point de départ de l’Holocauste. Employé par les Nazis comme lieu d’exécution durant les deux années d’occupation de la ville, près de 100.000 personnes, issues de divers groupes ethniques, politiques et sociaux, y ont trouvé la mort entre 1941 et 1943. Cet article analyse le devenir de Babi Yar après la guerre ainsi que les facteurs qui ont empêché sa transformation, à commencer par le contexte défavorable de l’ère stalinienne, suivi d’un dégel partiel dans les années 1960-1970, et d’une libéralisation mémorielle entachée d’incohérences au cours de la période postcommuniste. Il s’agit ici d’explorer les transformations du ravin de Babi Yar à travers ces différentes époques et de passer en revue les divers enjeux d’une commémoration qui demeure, sinon impossible, du moins problématique et semée d’embûches.
- Published
- 2018
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85. Psychiatric Comorbidities in Neurologic Hospitalizations in Portugal: A Nationwide Retrospective Observational Study
- Author
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Manuel Gonçalves-Pinho, Bárbara Martins, Andreia Costa, João Pedro Ribeiro, Alberto Freitas, Elsa Azevedo, and Lia Fernandes
- Subjects
Comorbidity ,Hospitalization ,Mental Disorders ,Nervous System Diseases ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introduction: Psychiatric comorbidities have a significant impact on patients’ quality of life and often go undetected in neurologic practice. The aim of this study was to describe and characterize psychiatric comorbidities among patients hospitalized due to a neurologic disorder in mainland Portugal. Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed by analyzing hospitalization with a primary diagnosis of neurologic disorder defined as categories 76, 77, 79 - 85, 95, 109 of the Clinical Classification Software for International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, occurring between 2008 and 2015 in adult patients (≥ 18 years of age). Psychiatric comorbidities were determined as the presence of a secondary diagnosis belonging to the Clinical Classification Software categories 650 to 670. Results: A total of 294 806 hospitalization episodes with a primary diagnosis of a neurologic disorder were recorded in adult patients between 2008 - 2015 in Portuguese public hospitals. Approximately 26.9% (n = 79 442) of the episodes had a recorded psychiatric comorbidity (22.1%; 32.2%, female versus male hospitalizations). Patients with registered psychiatric comorbidities were younger (66.2 ± 16.2 vs 68.6 ± 17.2 with no psychiatric comorbidities, p < 0.001), presented lower all-cause in-hospital mortality rates, and significantly longer mean hospital stays. ‘Delirium, dementia, amnestic and other cognitive disorders’ were recorded in 7.4% (n = 21 965) of the hospitalizations, followed by alcohol-related disorders in 6.5% (n = 19 302) and mood disorders in 6.1% (n = 18 079). Epilepsy/seizures were the neurologic disorders with the highest proportion of recorded psychiatric comorbidities (39.9%). Conclusion: Psychiatric comorbidities were recorded in more than a quarter of the hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of a Neurologic disorder. Psychiatric comorbidities varied among neurological disorders and were associated with different demographic and clinical features.
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- 2024
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86. Humor negro en el contexto de la muerte encefálica
- Author
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Carolina Andrea Baranowski and Bárbara Martínez
- Subjects
Humor negro ,Muerte encefálica ,Personal de salud ,Performance ,Etnografía ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 - Abstract
En este artículo nos proponemos analizar cómo el personal de salud vinculado a la actividad de procuración de órganos y tejidos utiliza el humor negro durante su labor cotidiana. Aquí el objetivo es doble: por un lado, siguiendo estudios anteriores, nos interesa mostrar el rol del humor negro como modo de lidiar con la muerte. Por otro lado, sugerimos que, de forma paralela y complementaria, el humor negro en este contexto expone un sentido performático como forma de agencia que intenta modificar una realidad adversa. Este trabajo combina las herramientas metodológicas brindadas por la etnografía y la realización de entrevistas abiertas de sesiones múltiples. Los acontecimientos relevados durante el trabajo de campo y las entrevistas que asocian el humor y la muerte encefálica evidencian los usos, límites y modos en los que el humor negro opera en la labor cotidiana sanitaria de complejidad física y emocional.
- Published
- 2024
87. F irst detection of herpesvirus and hemosporidians in the endangered Pyrenean Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus aquitanicus)
- Author
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Olga Nicolás de Francisco, Irene Sacristán, Ana Carolina Ewbank, Roser Velarde, Ivan Afonso, Diego Garcia-Ferré, Bárbara Martín-Maldonado, Fernando Esperón, Irene Iglesias, Ana de la Torre, Antoni Margalida, and Carlos Sacristán
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Pathogens affect wild bird populations worldwide, contributing to their decline. Considering the scarce health data regarding the endangered Pyrenean Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus aquitanicus), we molecularly surveyed selected pathogens (Newcastle disease virus, Avian influenza virus, Chlamydia psittaci, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, and Salmonella spp.) in 30 Pyrenean Capercaillie feces collected in the field (Catalonia, northeastern Spain). Additionally, swab and tissue samples from eight wild Pyrenean Capercaillies of Catalonia and Andorra were molecularly tested for herpesvirus and hemosporidians (Plasmodium spp., Haemoproteus spp., and Leucocytozoon spp.). All fecal samples were negative for the pathogens tested. Nevertheless, we detected a novel herpesvirus in 50% (4/8) of the Pyrenean Capercaillies, and hemosporidian DNA in 62.5% (5/8) of the tissue samples (i.e., Haemoproteus sp. [4 of 8] and/or Leucocytozoon sp. [3 of 8]). To our knowledge, this is the first detection of herpesvirus and hemosporidians infections in Pyrenean Capercaillies. The putative novel herpesvirus belongs to the genus Iltovirus. The presence of hemosporidian parasites in this mountain bird species is of concern, and could be related to the marked increase in the average temperature in the Pyrenees as a consequence of climate change. Our findings are fundamental to improve the conservation plans for the endangered Pyrenean Capercaillie population.
- Published
- 2023
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88. Hierarchical chirality expression of gemini surfactant aggregates via equilibrium between chiral nucleotide and nonchiral mono-anions
- Author
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Reiko Oda, Emilie Pouget, Dmytro Dedovets, Thierry Buffeteau, Barbara Martin, Yutaka Okazaki, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire du Futur (LOF), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-RHODIA-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), and Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
inorganic chemicals ,Micrometer scale ,micrometric helices ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,chirality ,nucleo amphiphiles ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,Analytical Chemistry ,Pulmonary surfactant ,guanosine-5'-monophosphate ,Drug Discovery ,polycyclic compounds ,Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,heterocyclic compounds ,Nucleotide ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,Spectroscopy ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,gemini surfactant ,Amphiphilic molecule ,010405 organic chemistry ,organic chemicals ,Organic Chemistry ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry ,Self-assembly ,0104 chemical sciences ,[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry ,Crystallography ,chemistry ,health occupations ,Chirality (chemistry) - Abstract
International audience; The assembling behaviors of non-chiral dicationic amphiphilic molecules (gemini) in the presence of the mixture of chiral anionic nucleotides and non-chiral anions are investigated. We demonstrate that subtle balance of various physico-chemical parameters and the competition between chiral and non-chiral anions at the interface of gemini assemblies influences the expression of molecular chirality at the micrometer scale through the hierarchical molecular assembly.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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89. Notes on pathological conditions during pregnancy, labour and the puerperium observed during two years' work in women's hospitals in India
- Author
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Cunningham, Barbara Martin
- Subjects
362.1982 - Abstract
The following cases have been treated during 2 years' work in Women's Hospitals in India, and in self defence, because of incomplete histories and unfinished records,it is but fair to state that one's staff has been limited as to numbers and efficiency. One had to act as doctor, house -surgeon, matron and nurse in one, as for 11 years no matron was provided,and the so- called nurses were ignorant native women trained for one year only and sent out to work as midwives at the end of that period. In consequence the quality of this work becomes less good and the notes less scientific than one could have wished. The patients in many instances refused what one felt was best, and frequently insisted on going home before cure was complete. Temperature charts have not been given as where they were not fully reliable, but five are recorded the degree has been personally verified. The age of patients is approximate, as no count of years is kept, and one may have judged one woman too leniently and another too severely according to the wear and tear to which she was exposed. The order of narrating the cases is chosen according to the relation to pregnancy, labour and puerperium.
- Published
- 1909
90. In Their Own Words: What Elementary Students Have to Say about Motivation to Read.
- Author
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Palmer, Barbara Martin
- Abstract
Examines elementary students' reading preferences, habits, and behaviors. Reveals four powerful influences on elementary students' motivation to read: prior experiences with books, social interactions about books, book access, and book choice. (SR)
- Published
- 1994
91. A struggle across the Iron Curtain
- Author
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Barbara Martin
- Subjects
Political science ,Ancient history ,Iron Curtain - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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92. Finding the Sweet Spot: The Intersection of Technology, Pedagogy, and Mathematics in Preservice Training
- Author
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Barbara Martin, Tessa Kanturek, and Karlee Stapf
- Subjects
Teacher preparation ,Sweet spot ,Intersection (set theory) ,Pedagogy ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Technology integration ,Content knowledge - Abstract
The purpose of this research was to look critically at successful technology integration in teacher preparation programs. Researchers used the Technology, Pedagogy and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework developed by Mishra and Koehler (2006) to provide a lens that quantitatively and qualitatively examines student knowledge. Data was collected for three years to see if the development of TPACK had increased in pre-service teachers. Results from the study found that the pre-service teachers developed pedagogical knowledge more than any other constructs, followed by content knowledge, and finally technological knowledge. This knowledge can help us learn how to instruct future teachers more seamlessly in methods for integrating technology into the K-12 classroom, without compromising the content or pedagogy. These three areas (TK, CK, and PK) can be developed independently, but in order for TPACK to truly evolve and successful learning to happen in the classroom, having overlap between these separate content knowledge constructs is imperative.
- Published
- 2021
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93. Assessing the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Graphene Oxide and Its PEGylated Derivative Against Staphylococcus aureus
- Author
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María F. Gilsanz-Muñoz, Mónica Martínez-Martínez, Javier Pérez-Piñeiro, Miriam Roldán, Mariana P. Arce, Rodrigo Blasco, Laura Rico-San Román, Fernando Esperón-Fajardo, Arisbel Cerpa-Naranjo, and Bárbara Martín-Maldonado
- Subjects
nanomaterials ,nanoparticles ,GO ,GO-PEG ,antibiotics alternative ,antimicrobial resistance ,Science - Abstract
The rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a critical health challenge. This, plus the antimicrobial discovery void, had led scientists to search for an effective alternative to antimicrobials. In this context, nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide (GO), a two-dimensional (2D) carbon molecule with oxidized functional groups, have been shown to interact physically and chemically with bacteria. Moreover, the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to its surface enhances GO’s biocompatibility and water solubility, making it a promising candidate for biomedical applications. This study evaluates the antimicrobial efficacy of GO and its polyethylene glycol-modified form (GO-PEG) against Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium responsible for numerous hospital-acquired and multidrug-resistant infections. After their production, both nanomaterials were characterized using various techniques to provide insight into their morphology, stability, and functional group composition. Then, the antimicrobial activity of GO and GO-PEG was assessed using the Müeller–Hinton broth microdilution method, determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for S. aureus among ten different concentrations of both nanomaterials (from 0.0625 to 32 mg/mL). The results demonstrate the potential of GO as an effective antimicrobial agent at 16 and 32 mg/mL, offering new strategies in the fight against AMR. Further research could establish its role in future therapeutic applications.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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94. Federated Learning in Dynamic and Heterogeneous Environments: Advantages, Performances, and Privacy Problems
- Author
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Fabio Liberti, Davide Berardi, and Barbara Martini
- Subjects
privacy ,federated machine learning ,edge computing ,ubiquitous intelligence ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Federated Learning (FL) represents a promising distributed learning methodology particularly suitable for dynamic and heterogeneous environments characterized by the presence of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and Edge Computing infrastructures. In this context, FL allows you to train machine learning models directly on edge devices, mitigating data privacy concerns and reducing latency due to transmitting data to central servers. However, the heterogeneity of computational resources, the variability of network connections, and the mobility of IoT devices pose significant challenges to the efficient implementation of FL. This work explores advanced techniques for dynamic model adaptation and heterogeneous data management in edge computing scenarios, proposing innovative solutions to improve the robustness and efficiency of federated learning. We present an innovative solution based on Kubernetes which enables the fast application of FL models to Heterogeneous Architectures. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposals can improve the performance of FL in IoT and edge environments, offering new perspectives for the practical implementation of decentralized intelligent systems.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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95. Global Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Extracts from the Endophytic Fungi Cophinforma mamane with Potential Use in Food Systems: The Effects of Time, Temperature, and Solvent on the Extraction Process
- Author
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Raiana S. Gurgel, Dorothy I. M. Pereira, Bárbara Martins, Lucas S. Falcão, Caroline D. Lacerda, Cláudia M. B. Neves, António F. Pinto, António M. Jordão, and Patrícia M. Albuquerque
- Subjects
antioxidant activity ,endophytes ,fungal metabolites ,phenolic compounds ,lipid oxidation ,caffeic acid ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Endophytic fungi are promising producers of phenolic compounds; however, the process of extracting these molecules from the culture medium is a crucial step for obtaining these metabolites. In this context, the best conditions for extracting phenolic compounds produced by Cophinforma mamane CF2-13, isolated from an Amazonian plant, were evaluated. The fungus was cultivated in a liquid medium to obtain its metabolites. The effects of the solvent, time, and temperature were investigated, as well as the use of ultrasound. The total phenolics and the antioxidant activity were assessed to define the best extraction conditions. The optimized extract was chemically characterized and used to analyze its potential in protecting olive oil from lipid oxidation. The best results were found using ethyl acetate at 20 °C for 2 h. These conditions led to 61.61 mg GAEq/g of extract of total phenolics, and an antioxidant capacity of 0.47, 0.45, and 0.29 mmol TEq/g of extract using the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods, respectively. In addition, the optimized extract presented caffeic acid and was able to delay the lipid oxidation of olive oil. The potential of endophytic fungi to produce phenolic compounds is promising for the food industry since natural bioactive compounds have many benefits for human health.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
96. Lenguajes activistas en el arte contemporáneo reciente: selección de casos
- Author
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Bárbara Martínez Biot
- Subjects
activismo ,prácticas artísticas ,influencia directa ,artivismo ,compromiso social ,Fine Arts ,Visual arts ,N1-9211 - Abstract
Este texto es un resumen de nuestra investigación sobre prácticas artísticas colaborativas en relación con el mundo del activismo. En concreto, desde la investigación artística hemos puesto nuestra atención en las relaciones que se puedan establecer entre arte y activismo a través de los lenguajes activistas más populares. A modo de ejemplo, hemos considerado interesante observar la utilización de prácticas activistas por parte de artistas o grupos artísticos en lo que llamaríamos influencia directa, es decir, préstamos de prácticas de acción directa en el ámbito del arte contemporáneo. Siguiendo un orden cronológico exponemos las siguientes prácticas: el grafiti inverso, la manifestación, la campaña de denuncia pública, el material gráfico, la performance y las celebraciones o fiestas como las categorías más populares. Estas prácticas han sido materializadas en numerosas obras artísticas de las cuales en este texto presentamos algunos ejemplos significativos como evidencia de estas relaciones entre arte y activismo. En primer lugar, Dominique Mazeaud y Francis Alÿs representan con dos de sus trabajos la influencia del graffiti inverso. En segundo lugar, dentro de la categoría manifestación hemos seleccionado un trabajo de Daniel Buren, que da paso a la exposición de obras de Hans Hacke como representativas de la campaña de denuncia pública como trabajo artístico. En cuarto lugar, el material gráfico tradicionalmente de corte activista lo hemos observado en obras de Isidro López-Aparicio, Santiago Sierra, el grupo Escombros, Oliver Ressler y el grupo GAAG. Finalmente, las categorías performance, parodias y fiestas estarán representadas por el grupo The Waitresses, Regina José Galindo, Coco Fusco y Guillermo Gómez-Peña y Antoni Miralda. Estas prácticas artísticas se muestran aquí leídas desde los lenguajes activistas más destacados reflejando las influencias directas e indirectas que atraviesan estos dos ámbitos tan frecuentemente relacionados
- Published
- 2023
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97. Between Scholarship and Dissidence: The Dissident Historical CollectionPamiat΄ (1975–1982)
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Barbara Martin and Anton Sveshnikov
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,0507 social and economic geography ,Media studies ,06 humanities and the arts ,050701 cultural studies ,060104 history ,Politics ,Scholarship ,Grassroots ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Political science ,Comparative historical research ,0601 history and archaeology ,Neutrality ,Social science ,Liminality ,Iron Curtain ,Objectivity (philosophy) ,media_common - Abstract
This article examines the history of the Soviet dissident historical collectionPamiat΄through the lens of liminality. It argues that the publication sought to bridge the gap between dissident and professional scholarship, between grassroots memory collection, with its emphasis on the witness's voice, and historical research's reliability and “scientificity.” AlthoughPamiat΄was inspired by earlier dissident historiographical projects and its editorial team was closely linked to the human-rights movement, its ambitions of objectivity and representativeness also connect it to later Perestroika projects based on citizen involvement, such asMemorial.Pamiat΄s ambiguous identity and claim to neutrality may have delayed the Soviet authorities’ response to it, but repression eventually hit the publication. By putting into question the state's monopoly on historical scholarship and connecting readers and contributors across the Iron Curtain,Pamiat΄had clearly overstepped the boundaries of the permissible and acquired a political meaning it disingenuously claimed not to have.
- Published
- 2017
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98. Fostering Humanism in Medicine through Art and Reflection
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Mariah Quinn, Holly C. Gooding, Barbara Martin, Joel T. Katz, and Alexandra Charrow
- Subjects
Medical education ,020205 medical informatics ,business.industry ,Reflective practice ,education ,Museology ,Museum education ,02 engineering and technology ,Burnout ,The arts ,humanities ,Humanistic education ,Education ,Fine art ,Contemporary art ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pedagogy ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Psychology ,Curriculum - Abstract
Physician burnout and empathy erosion are common during training and clinical practice. Museums can effectively partner with health professional schools and hospitals to address these challenges through reflective practice and a focus on physician wellness. We describe a partnership between the Brigham and Women’s Hospital Department of Medicine and the Boston Museum of Fine Arts created to meet these needs. Since 2010, internal medicine residents have spent an evening of reflection and community-building at the museum as part of their Humanistic Curriculum. Residents participate in a visual thinking exercise, metaphor-making with contemporary art, group drawing, a discussion of death and dying, and a brief meditation. Residents report that the program has led them to renew commitments to family and friends, to spend time in daily reflection, and to connect more with patients. In this article we report perspectives from physician and museum stakeholders highlighting the value of this unique collab...
- Published
- 2016
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99. Dissident Histories in the Soviet Union
- Author
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Barbara Martin
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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100. Ocho ojos y una ciudad: Burgos a través la cartografía durante la Guerra de la Independencia
- Author
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Polo, Barbara Martin
- Subjects
Spain, Burgos, Independence War, cartography, armies - Abstract
The Independence War that took place in Spain during 1808 and 1813, originated a complex development of branches of knowledge related to the war, among which it was the science of cartography. Through the production of maps from different points of interest for the troops, we can understand the evolution of techniques used by different armies as well as their mentalities about the cities. This last point must be comprehended from the point of view that any map made over the territory is a subjective projected image, that only reflects this one of interest for its creator. In the case of Burgos, one of the key point of Spain for Napoleón Bonaparte, we have different mental projections of the city during the conflict, something very exceptional. Four versions that make us see the city as they thought it was, according to their particular interests., Eikonocity. Storia e Iconografia delle Città e dei Siti Europei - History and Iconography of European Cities and Sites, Vol 2, N° 2 (2018)
- Published
- 2018
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