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BACKGROUND Data on the association of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) with the severity of coronary artery disease and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE) in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are limited and conflicting. OBJECTIVE We established the baseline rate of SCH and followed the trajectory of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values during and after hospitalisation for PCI for up to six months and determined whether persistent SCH was associated with the severity of coronary artery disease and MACCE in patients with NSTE-ACS after PCI. DESIGN Population-based prospective cohort study. PATIENTS We included patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent PCI with simple balloon angioplasty or stent implantation for coronary heart disease. MEASUREMENTS Thyroid function tests of patients before PCI and 1 day, 1 week, 1 and 6 months after PCI were performed. Cases showing transient SCH were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups based on the results of four TSH tests: 0.27-4.2 mIU/L (n = 1472, 89.7%) and >4.2 mIU/L (n = 170, 10.4%). The risk factors for the severity of coronary artery lesions were estimated using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to study the relationship between TSH and MACCE. RESULTS Among 1642 patients, there were 1070 males (65.2%) and 572 females (34.8%), with an average age of 62.5 ± 9.6 years. SCH patients had a wider range of diseased vessels and a higher number of diseased vessels (p

ObjectivesOver the past decade, the incidence and global burden of coronary heart disease (CHD) have increased in the young population. We aimed to identify patient characteristics and risk factors for premature CHD, including single-vessel disease (SVD) and multivessel disease (MVD).DesignRetrospective, cross-sectional study.SettingDemographic and clinical data of patients with CHD were collected from the patient medical records of a tertiary hospital in Tianjin, China, between 2014 and 2017.ParticipantsA total of 2846 patients were enrolled in the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPremature CHD, which is the primary outcome, was defined as menResultsMost of the characteristics between patients with premature and mature CHD were not statistically significant. A significantly higher dyslipidaemia prevalence was found in female patients with premature CHD (OR=1.412, 95% CI: 1.029 to 1.936). In the crude model, instead of premature SVD, premature (OR=2.065, 95% CI: 1.426 to 2.991) or mature (OR=1.837, 95% CI: 1.104 to 3.056) MVD was more common in female patients with the highest triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index quartile than those with the lowest TyG index quartile. In male patients, the same trend was observed for mature MVD (OR=2.272, 95% CI: 1.312 to 3.937). The significance of the TyG index was not revealed in multivariate analyses; however, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, old myocardial infarction and lipoprotein (a) showed a positive association with MVD.ConclusionsDyslipidaemia should be considered as an effective factor for the prediction and prevention of premature CHD in women. The TyG index can be a simple auxiliary indicator that can be used in population-based cardiovascular disease screening for the early identification of vascular disease severity.

Background For a decade, the global burden of coronary heart disease (CHD) has increased in the young population. To identify the characteristics and to determine the risk factors of premature CHD and multivessel disease (MVD) patients. Methods A total of 2846 patients were enrolled in this retrospective, cross-sectional study. Premature CHD is defined as men

Background: For a decade, the incidence and global burden of coronary heart disease (CHD) has increased in the young population. To identify the characteristics of premature CHD patients and to determine the risk factors of premature CHD and multivessel disease (MVD).Methods: A total of 2846 patients were enrolled in this retrospective, cross-sectional study. Premature CHD is defined as men Results: Most characteristics between premature and mature CHD patients were not statistically significant. A significantly higher rate of dyslipidaemia was found in female premature CHD patients (OR=1.412, 95%CI:1.029-1.936). In the crude models, female patients with the highest TyG index level were more likely to have premature MVD (OR=2.065, 95%CI:1.426-2.991) or mature MVD (OR=1.837, 95%CI:1.104-3.056) than those with the lowest TyG index group instead of premature single-vessel disease. Among male patients, the same trend was observed in mature MVD of CHD (OR=2.272, 95%CI:1.312-3.937). The significance of the TyG index was not revealed in the multivariate analyses; however, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, OMI, and Lp(a) showed a positive association with MVD.Conclusions: Dyslipidaemia should be used as an effective factor for the prediction and prevention of premature CHD in women. The TyG index could be a simple auxiliary indicator to be applied in population-based cardiovascular disease screening for initial identification of vascular disease severity.

Background Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), an autoimmune astrocytopathic disease associated with the anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody, is characterized by extensive necrotic lesions primarily located on the optic nerves and spinal cord. Tanshinone IIA (TSA), an active natural compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has profound immunosuppressive effects on neutrophils. Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of TSA on NMOSD mice and explore the underlying mechanisms. Mice were initially administered TSA (pre-TSA group, n = 20) or vehicle (vehicle group, n = 20) every 8 h for 3 days, and then NMOSD model was induced by intracerebral injection of NMOSD-immunoglobulin G (NMO-IgG) and human complement (hC). In addition, post-TSA mice (n = 10) were administered equal dose of TSA at 8 h and 16 h after model induction. At 24 h after intracerebral injection, histological analysis was performed to assess the inhibitory effects of TSA on astrocyte damage, demyelination, and neuroinflammation in NMOSD mice, and western blotting was conducted to clarify the effect of TSA on the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, flow cytometry and western blotting were conducted to verify the proapoptotic effects of TSA on neutrophils in vitro. Results There was a profound reduction in astrocyte damage and demyelination in the pre-TSA group and post-TSA group. However, prophylactic administration of TSA induced a better effect than therapeutic treatment. The number of infiltrated neutrophils was also decreased in the lesions of NMOSD mice that were pretreated with TSA. We confirmed that prophylactic administration of TSA significantly promoted neutrophil apoptosis in NMOSD lesions in vivo, and this proapoptotic effect was mediated by modulating the caspase pathway in the presence of inflammatory stimuli in vitro. In addition, TSA restricted activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo. Conclusion Our data provide evidence that TSA can act as a prophylactic agent that reduces NMO-IgG-induced damage in the mouse brain by enhancing the resolution of inflammation by inducing neutrophil apoptosis, and TSA may serve as a promising therapeutic agent for neutrophil-associated inflammatory disorders, such as NMOSD.

Ionic MOFs are rare but function in an interesting manner due to charged frameworks and the existence of counter ions in the channels. Using one of the most simple and cheap ligands of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (H3btc), we constructed five novel anionic MOFs namely [Me2NH2][Cd(btc)]·0.5DMA·2H2O (1), [Me2NH2]2[Cd5(btc)2(lac)3(H2O)3]·4DMF (2, H2lac = 2-hydroxypropanoic acid), [Me2NH2][MnII(btc)]·DMA (3), [Me4N]3[MnII3(btc)2(Hbtc)(CH3COO)]·9CH3OH (4) and [Me2NH2]2[Zn5(btc)4(DMA)2]·5.5DMA (5). Rich structure variabilities including cluster-based, pillared-layer and rod-spacer motifs were found in these MOFs because of the different metal coordination and effect of auxiliary ligands. 1 was a [Cd2(COO)4]-based porous framework belonging to (3,6) connected α-PbO2 net. 2 was a [Cd(btc)]-layers and [Cd2(lac)2] pillar-based framework, which possessed rare-ordered defects due to the self-absence of 25% pillars. In 2, for the first time, extremely rare square-planar Cd(II) geometry in porous MOFs was found. 3 was the first 3D framework constructed from unusual Mn–carboxyl chains with [Mn2(COO)2] building blocks. 4 provided a new example to construct a pillared-layer framework from self-assembled metal–ligand chains as pillars. 5 had a [Zn2]-cluster-based framework with dual pore systems of 1D rounded channels and elongated cages. A new single-phase white-emitting phosphor of 1 was found, which exhibited near-sunlight and human vision friendly broadband spectrum, with extremely large full width at half maximum (FWHM) of up to 268 nm, close pure white chromaticity coordinates of (0.303–0.317, 0.354–0.364), near daylight color temperature of 5773–5899 K, as well as high color rendering index of 90. In comparison, 2, 3 and 4 showed single and narrow blue emission. Rapid and selective capture of methylene blue (MB) over methyl orange (MO) was realized in 1, while MB adsorption in other MOFs was negligible.

Little is known about the association between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels and future ischemic cardiovascular events in patients with premature acute coronary syndrome (ACS). A total of 1464 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography for premature ACS (males 79.3 nmol/L). Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) increased with Lp(a) quartiles after 2-year follow-up (among quartiles, respectively; P = .001). Kaplan-Meier curves revealed significant differences in event-free survival rates among Lp(a) quartile groups ( P = .001). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that serum Lp(a) level was an independent predictor of MACE either as a continuous variable (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.002, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.001-1.004; P = .009) or as a categorical variable (HR: 1.443, 95% CI: 1.074-1.937; P = .015). Furthermore, Lp(a) levels (as a variable) significantly improved the prognostic value for MACE. These findings suggest that Lp(a) measurement has value for cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with premature ACS.

Backgroud： Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) are both associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), but it was controversial in ACS patients. Moreover, patients with elevated plasma TSH tend to have higher levels of lipoprotein. We supposed that patients with elevated LP (a) and TSH may have a adverse prognosis after coronary angiography.Methods: We consecutively recruited 1756 patients who underwent coronary angiography, of which 1473 patients with ACS were eventually enrolled. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) contained a complex of non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, ischemic cardiovascular events, and cardiovascular death. According to the occurrence of end events within 27.4 months, the patients were split into two groups: non-endpoint event group (n = 1288) and endpoint event group (n = 185). The date between the two groups were compared. Serum LP (a) was measured by latex agglutination immunoassay (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany).Results: During a median follow-up of 27.4 months, 185 (12.56%) MACEs occurred. Compared with the non-endpoints group，patients in the end-points group had higher level of preoperative LP (a), LDL and TSH (all P 53.8nmol/L (highest tertile ) predicted 1.704-fold risk for adverse prognosis of ACS (95%CI 1.194~2.433；P＜0.05); Interestingly, patients with elevated LP (a) and TSH concomitantly conferred the highest risk for adverse prognosis OR=3.090 95%CI 1.657~5.765；P＜0.001).Conclusion: LP (a) was an independent risk factor for adverse prognosis after coronary angiography in ACS patients, and the predictive efficacy was enhanced by TSH.

The mortality of sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction (SICD) is very high due to the complex pathophysiological mechanism. Syringaresinol (SYR) is a natural abstract which possesses anti-inflammatory property. The present study aims was to identify the protective impact of SYR on sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction and investigate the specific mechanisms. We found that SYR improved the cardiac function and alleviated myocardial injury in mice that subjected to cecal ligation and puncture, in addition, SIRT1 expression was significantly elevated after SYR treatment compared to sepsis group both in vivo and in vitro, along with suppression of NLRP3 activation and proinflammatory cytokines release. However, SIRT1 inhibitor EX427 abolished the impact of SYR on LPS-induced pyroptosis in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis predicted that there is high affinity between SYR and estrogen receptor (ER), ER inhibitor ICI182780, the specific ERβ inhibitor PHTP and the specific ERαinhibitor AZD9496 were used to examine the role of ER in the protective effect of SYR against SICD, and the results suggested that ER activation was essential for the cardioprotective function of SYR. In conclusion, SYR ameliorates SICD via the ER/SIRT1/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway.

Background and Aims: Studies have highlighted the role of the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio on subsequent cardiovascular events. However, the association of the TG/HDL-C ratio with survival outcomes in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) treated with statins remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of the TG/HDL-C ratio for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in diabetic patients with CAD treated with statins.Methods: The data of patients with type 2 diabetes and angiographically-confirmed CAD who were undergoing statin therapy and visited Tianjin Chest Hospital between January 2016 and September 2016 were retrospectively collected. The patients were categorized based on the baseline TG/HDL-C ratio tertile. Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression were applied to assess the role of the TG/HDL-C ratio in predicting all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death.Results: A total of 2,080 patients were included. During the 4-year follow-up, 209 patients died, 136 of whom from cardiovascular death. The Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that an increased TG/HDL-C ratio was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (P < 0.001) and cardiovascular death (P < 0.001). The multivariate cox hazard regression analysis revealed a similar effect of the TG/HDL-C ratio on the risk of all-cause mortality (P = 0.046) and cardiovascular death (P = 0.009). The role of the TG/HDL-C ratio in predicting all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death was similar among all subgroups (P > 0.050). For all-cause mortality, the TG/HDL-C ratio significantly improved the C-statistic from 0.799 to 0.812 (P = 0.018), and the net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination index (IDI) were 0.252 (95% CI: 0.112–0.392; P < 0.001) and 0.012 (95% CI: 0.003–0.022; P = 0.012), respectively. Similarly, for cardiovascular death, the TG/HDL-C ratio significantly improved the C-statistic from 0.771 to 0.804 (P < 0.001), and the NRI and IDI were 0.508 (95% CI: 0.335–0.680; P < 0.001) and 0.033 (95% CI: 0.015–0.050; P < 0.001).Conclusion: TG/HDL-C ratio might be useful for predicting all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in diabetic patients with CAD treated with statins.

A porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) of [Cd(pbica)2]·1.5DMF·2CH3OH (1, Hpbica = 2-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-carboxylic acid) was synthesized under solvothermal reactions. The compound is constructed from the [Cd2(COO)4N4] secondary building unit (SBU) bridged by a new pyridine-carboxylate dual ligand of pbica−, with a 8-connected bcu net. There are 1D channels with double walls of the ligands and rhombus windows sized at 10.5 × 10.5 A2, giving a void volume of 45% and permanent porosity to selective adsorb CO2 over N2 at low temperature. The nanosized channels are suitable to capture I2 vapor with a maximal uptake of 0.66 g I2 per gram de-solvated 1, and the housed I2 molecules can be released in ethanol. Solid of 1 exhibits a blue emission at 450 nm, originating from intra-ligand π-π* transformation.

Background The triglyceride (TG)to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio has been regarded as an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. However, the association of TG/HDL-C ratio with survival in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) on statin therapy remains uncertain. The aim of the present study was to explore whether TG/HDL-C ratio predicts mortality in diabetic patients with CAD on statin treatment.Methods A total of 2080 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes and angiographic-proven CAD who were treated with statin were enrolled in the presents study. Patients were divided into tertiles according to baseline TG/HDL-C ratio. The primary endpoints were all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.Results During 4-year follow-up, 209(10.0%) patients died, 136(65.1%) caused by cardiovascular disease (CVD). The Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that all-cause and cardiovascular mortality increased gradually with rising TG/HDL-C ratio tertiles (log-rank test, P Conclusions TG/HDL-C ratio may predict mortality risk among diabetic CAD patients receiving statin treatment. These findings suggest that assessing TG/HDL-C ratio may be useful for risk stratification for mortality risk in patients with diabetes and CAD.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are conventional antibiotic alternatives due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and special mechanisms of action against pathogens. The antifungal peptide CGA-N12 was originally derived from human chromogranin A (CGA) and consists of the 65th to 76th amino acids of the CGA N-terminal region. In the present study, we found that CGA-N12 had fungicidal activity and exhibited time-dependent inhibition activity against Candida tropicalis. CGA-N12 entered the cells to exert its antagonist activity. The internalization of CGA-N12 was energy-dependent and accompanied by actin cytoskeleton-, clathrin-, sulfate proteoglycan-, endosome-, and lipid-depleting agent-mediated endocytosis. Moreover, the CGA-N12 internalization pathway was related to the peptide concentration. The effects of CGA-N12 on the cell membrane were investigated. CGA-N12 at a low concentration less than 4 × MIC100 did not destroy the cell membrane. While with increasing concentration, the damage to the cell membrane caused by CGA-N12 became more serious. At concentrations greater than 4 × MIC100, CGA-N12 destroyed the cell membrane integrity. Therefore, the membrane activity of CGA-N12 is concentration dependant.

Background The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) has been regarded as a reliable alternative marker of insulin resistance and an independent predictor of cardiovascular outcomes. Whether the TyG index predicts adverse cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the TyG index in patients with diabetes and ACS. Methods A total of 2531 consecutive patients with diabetes who underwent coronary angiography for ACS were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into tertiles according to their TyG index. The primary outcomes included the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), defined as all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and non-fatal stroke. The TyG index was calculated as the ln (fasting triglyceride level [mg/dL] × fasting glucose level [mg/dL]/2). Results The incidence of MACE increased with TyG index tertiles at a 3-year follow-up. The Kaplan–Meier curves showed significant differences in event-free survival rates among TyG index tertiles (P = 0.005). Multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis revealed that the TyG index was an independent predictor of MACE (95% CI 1.201–1.746; P Conclusions The TyG index predicts future MACE in patients with diabetes and ACS independently of known cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting that the TyG index may be a useful marker for risk stratification and prognosis in patients with diabetes and ACS.

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Purity test for neutrophils isolated from mouse BM or human peripheral blood. Fig. S2. Inflammatory stimuli dramatically suppresses neutrophil spontaneous apoptosis.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive cancers. Recent research has demonstrated that chronic pancreatitis (CP) is associated with an increased risk of PDAC, partly due to acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM). Baicalein has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects for CP or PDAC, respectively. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of baicalein, and the putative underlying mechanism, on inflammatory cytokines-induced ADM of rat pancreatic acinar cell line AR42J. To investigate ADM and baicalein effects in vitro, AR42J were treated with recombinant rat Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (rTNFα) with or without baicalein for 5 days. Results showed that rTNFα-induced AR42J cells switched their phenotype from dominantly amylase-positive acinar cells to dominantly cytokeratin 19-positive ductal cells. Moreover, expression of the transcripts for TNFα or Hes-1, a Notch target, was up-regulated in these cells. Interestingly, baicalein reduced the population of ADM as well as cytokines gene expression but not Hes-1. Baicalein inhibited NF-κB activation induced by rTNFα in AR42J, but no effect on Notch 1activation. Moreover, baicalein suppressed the secretion of TNFα and Nitric Oxide (NO) in macrophages stimulated with LPS and further inhibited ADM of conditional medium-treated AR42J cells. Baicalein also suppressed the inflammatory response of LPS-activated macrophages, thereby inhibited ADM of AR42J by altering their microenvironment. Taken together, our study indicates that baicalein reduces rTNFα-induced ADM of AR42J cells by inhibiting NF-κB activation. It also sheds new light on Chinese material medica therapy of pancreatitis and thereby prevention of PDAC.

The goal of this work is to propose a modified single-constant Kubelka–Munk model for color prediction of pre-colored fiber blends. The original single-constant Kubelka–Munk model follows the Duncan’s additivity theorem, assuming that the optical coefficients of individual components in a turbid media are linear to their respective proportions. However, the linear assumption is invalid for the media of fiber blends due to the interactions between primary fibers, causing inaccurate color prediction of the model. Aiming at improving the accuracy, the single-constant Kubelka–Munk model was modified by employing a new additivity formula. The new additivity formula was established to achieve good linearity of the optical coefficients by modeling interactions between primary fibers as configurations. Cotton fibers blending samples were prepared to assess the color prediction accuracy. The average color difference of the proposed model was 0.91 CIEDE2000 unit, which was significantly better than that of the original model (~ 5.48). The results indicate the proposed model is much more suitable for color prediction of pre-colored fiber blends.

The goal of this work is to propose a color prediction model for pre-colored fiber blends with high accuracy. The transfer function plays a vital role in an additive color mixing model. The better linearity between the transfer function and mass proportion, the higher accuracy of the model. However, the well-known Stearns-Noechel transfer function does not always hold good linearity, causing inaccurate color matching in many cases. Aiming at compensating the poor linearity, a new transfer function was established by minimizing the linear deviation. The proposed transfer function was applied to the additive model for color prediction of pre-colored fiber blends. The prediction accuracy of the proposed model was assessed by 44 samples. The average color difference was 0.63 CIEDE2000 unit, which was significantly better than the results of the Stearns-Noechel model (∼1.23) and the two-constant Kubelka-Munk model (∼1.11). These results indicate the proposed model has higher color prediction accuracy and can better satisfy the color requirement of practical production.

The asymmetric unit of the title inorganic–organic salt, poly[di(μ 2 -2-hydroxypropanoato)cadmium], [Cd(C3H5O3)2] n or [Cd(Hlac)2] n (H2lac = 2-hydroxypropanoic acid), comprises of a cadmium cation and two 2-hydroxypropanoate anions. The cadmium cation exhibits a distorted pentagonal–bipyramidal coordination environment defined by the hydroxy and carbonyl O atoms of the 2-hydroxypropanoate anions. The coordination mode leads to the formation of layers extending parallel to (010). O—H...O hydrogen bonding between the hydroxy and carbonyl groups stabilizes the structure packing.

研究具有非线性耦合特性信息物理系统 (Cyber physical systems, CPS) 在被攻击情况下的分布式有限时间状态安全估计和控制问题. 首先, 提出一种由分布式安全测量预选器和有限时间观测器组成的分布式有限时间状态安全估计策略, 可确保系统的状态在预设的有限时间之内被准确估计出来. 然后, 利用获得的安全状态估计, 借助反步设计方法, 建立一套分布式有限时间安全控制算法. 理论分析表明, 该方法可以保证系统能在有限时间内实现对给定信号的跟踪. 最后, 通过微电网系统仿真验证了所提方法的有效性. This paper investigates the problem of distributed secure state estimation and control for nonlinearly coupled interconnected cyber physical systems (CPS) under sensor attacks. Distributed schemes consisting of pre-selectors and observers are presented to solve the secure state estimation problem. Then, with the obtained state estimation and following the backstepping design procedure, distributed secure control algorithms are derived. Theoretical analysis shows that, with the proposed distributed secure observers and controllers, not only the state estimation of the CPS under attacks is obtained in a given finite time, but also the state tracking is ensured in a finite time. Finally, the developed algorithms are applied to an islanded micro-grid system as an illustration, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method Published version