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The article presents a study which determines the supramolecular patterns during electron interference and direct intermolecular interactions. It indicates that surface-state electrons of (111) surfaces of noble metals are considered as model systems for two-dimensional free electron gases. The study has fabricated two-dimensional crystals of CoPc with plane symmetry groups by using a combination of quantum interference of surface state electrons.

On the one hand, the existing knowledge graph entity prediction methods only use the neighborhood and graph structure information to enhance the node information, and ignore the multi-modal information outside the knowledge graph to enhance the knowledge graph information. On the other hand, when comparing positive and negative samples to train the model, the negative sample random ordering results in poor training effect, and there is no additional information to help the training process of negative samples. Therefore, a multi-modal curriculum learning knowledge graph entity prediction model (MMCL) is proposed. Firstly, multi-modal information is introduced into the knowledge graph to achieve information enhancement, and the multi-modal information fusion process is optimized using generative adversarial network (GAN). The samples generated by the generator enhance the knowledge graph information, and at the same time improve the discriminator??s ability to distinguish the truth and falsity of triples. Secondly, the course learning algorithm is used to sort the negative samples from easy to difficult according to the difficulty of the negative samples. By adding the sorted negative samples into the training process hierarchically through the pace function, it is more beneficial to playing the effect of negative samples in identifying the truth and falseness of triples, and at the same time, no label learning avoids the false-negative problem in the late training period. The discriminators share parameters with course learning training models to help improve the training effect of negative samples. Experiments are conducted on two datasets, FB15k-237 and WN18RR. The results show that compared with the baseline model, MMCL is significantly improved in mean reciprocal rank (MRR), Hits@1, Hits@3 and Hits@10. The validity and feasibility of the proposed model are verified.

The large-scale use of zinc–air batteries (ZABs) has been limited by their sluggish OER and ORR kinetics. The current synthesis of catalysts for air electrodes requires harsh conditions. The design and manufacture of bifunctional catalysts under mild conditions are of great significance. Herein, an electric field-induced phosphorization at room temperature is proposed to prepare bifunctional electrocatalysts designed by coupling N-doped carbon and CoP nanoparticles based on a multi-active site-integration strategy. The simple, safe, non-toxic and highly controllable electric field-induced reaction creates CoP active sites. The catalyst exhibits a remarkably narrow potential gap (ΔE) of 0.65 V between the half-wave potential of the ORR and the potential of the OER. The low ΔE signifies a superior catalytic bifunctionality of CoP@NWC. Aqueous ZABs with an optimized catalyst achieve a high discharge specific capacity of 805.8 mA h gZn−1 and long-term cycling stability over 1200 cycles. Quasi-solid-state ZABs show a discharge-specific capacity of 760.5 mA h gZn−1. The outstanding bifunctional catalytic activities originate from the synergistic effect of dual active sites between CoP and NWC induced by the electric field. This work provides a new perspective for building advanced catalysts from biomass under ambient conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soybean is one of the common food allergens and can cause severe allergic reactions. Currently, due to the lack of a definite treatment for soybean allergy, people with soybean allergy have to avoid eating foods containing soybean protein. However, the addition of different food ingredients and complex processing during food production can make it difficult to accurately detect the presence of soybean allergens in some foods. Therefore, researching methods for the detection of soybean allergens in foods is particularly important. This paper focuses on the major allergenic proteins in soybean and their structural properties, and summarizes the current major techniques for the detection of soybean allergens. It is expected that this review will be of significance for effectively avoiding soybean allergy and ensuring the life and health of people with soybean allergy.

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) to diagnose high‐density thymic cysts and thymomas in lesions measuring < 3 cm. Methods: The records of 42 patients admitted to Ningbo No. 2 Hospital with an anterior mediastinal mass (diameter < 3 cm) suspected of carcinoma originating from the thymus were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent surgery and pathological examination. Twenty‐eight were diagnosed with thymic cysts and 14 with thymoma. The features of thymic cysts and thymomas revealed on MSCT were compared. Results: Mediastinal masses with a triangular or teardrop shape and a straight mediastina–lung border were more likely to be diagnosed as thymic cysts (P < 0.05), while those with a bulging nodule–lung border were more likely thymomas (P < 0.05). Using the CT value as a reference for differential diagnosis, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for CT values of non‐contrast CT images, enhanced CT values, and ΔCT values were 0.65 (0.47–0.84), 0.95(0.86–1.00), and 0.96 (0.89–1.00), respectively. Conclusion: MSCT of high‐density thymus gland nodules (maximum diameter ≤ 3 cm) can reveal specific features that could be helpful for differential diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses azobenzene-related (azo) supramolecules on Au(111). The authors adjusted the position and strength of hydrogen bonds and molecule-surface interactions for the preparation of the arrays of dimers, tetramers, and trimers of azo molecules. To discuss the formation mechanism of the supramolecular structures, a theoretical modeling derived from first-principles calculations was performed.

Objective To investigate CT features and reasons for the misdiagnosis of nodular or mass-like type pulmonary cryptococcosis（PC）. Methods The clinical manifestations and imaging data of 60 cases with nodular or mass-like type PC confirmed by pathology in the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from June 2011 to December 2021were analyzed retrospectively. Results Clinical manifestations: respiratory symptoms were associated with 28 cases, whereas 26 cases were asymptomatic. Imaging findings: 22 cases were in unilateral single lung lesion, 22 cases were in unilateral multiple lung lesions, 16 cases were in bilateral multiple lesions. Fifty-five cases with oval shape, including 38 cases with the long axis are parallel to the pleura, 28 cases with clustering and fusion tendency. Fifty-two cases were uniform in density. Thirteen cases with moderate enhancement, 4 cases with avid enhancement. Moreover, there were 24 cases with proximal air bronchogram, 45 cases with halo sign. Thirteen cases were followed and the volume doubling time ranged from 3.9 to 236.8 days, with the median 24.9 days. Thirty-seven cases were initially misdiagnosed. Conclusions Nodular or mass-like type of PC lesions usually occurs in the inferior lobe of both lungs and close to the pleura, and the long axis is parallel to the pleura. Halo sign and proximal air bronchogram are more specific manifestations. Multiple nodular masses with clustering and fusion tendency are highly suggestive of a PC. Cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen detection can be used in clinical, and puncture biopsy can be performed if necessary.

BackgroundThe 2020 Chinese guidelines for ultrasound malignancy risk stratification of thyroid nodules: the C-TIRADS (C-TIRADS for short) put forward a method for stratifying the malignancy risk of thyroid nodules, but there are few studies about its value in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules.ObjectiveTo compare the value of ultrasound-based thyroid nodule malignancy risk stratification in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodule between C-TIRADS and 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: the American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (ATA guidelines for short) .MethodsA total of 336 inpatients who underwent surgery and ultrasound examination in Bozhou People's Hospital from January 2019 to May 2021 were selected as participants. Four ultrasonologists with a title higher than attending physician were equally randomized into groups A and B for evaluating ultrasonic examination results according to ultrasound-based thyroid nodule malignancy risk stratification in C-TIRADS and ATA guidelines, respectively. The accuracies of ultrasound-based thyroid nodule malignancy stratification in the two guidelines in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodules were assessed using intraoperative or postoperative pathological findings (gold standard for diagnosis) , and were further analyzed using ROC analysis.ResultsAccording to intraoperative or postoperative pathological findings, the participants had 367 thyroid nodules in total, including 253 benign nodules and 114 malignant nodules. The nodules were classified as follows according to the TI-RADS in the C-TIRADS by ultrasonologists in group A: (1) 253 benign nodules: 2 were in TI-RADS 5 category, 23, 30, and 80 were in categories 4c, 4b, and 4a, respectively, 103 were in 3 category, and 15 were in 2 category; (2) 114 malignant nodules: 24 were in TI-RADS 5 category, 59 were in 4c category, 22 were in 4b category, 6 were in 4a category and 3 were in 3 category. And the classification of nodules according to the ATA guideline by ultrasonologists in group B was: (1) 253 benign nodules: 13, 53, 47, 118 were high, intermediate, low, and very low suspicion pattern for malignancy, respectively, and 22 were benign pattern; (2) 114 malignant nodules: 76, 24, 8, 6 were high, intermediate, low, and very low suspicion pattern for malignancy, respectively. ROC analysis showed that, AUCs of ultrasound-based thyroid nodule malignancy risk stratification in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodules between C-TIRADS and ATA guidelines were 0.890〔95%CI (0.815, 0.918) 〕and 0.780〔95%CI (0.750, 0.876) 〕, with significant difference (Z=13.62, P

Using α-Al2O3, Tb4O7 and CeO2 as raw materials, Tb2.93Al5O12: 0.07Ce3+ yellow phosphors for white light-emitting diodes (w-LEDs) are prepared by the high-temperature solid-phase method under a reducing atmosphere. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and fluorescence spectroscopy (PL) are employed to characterize the structure, morphology and photoluminescence properties of the name. The results reveal that the pure Tb3Al5O12 is synthesized under a reducing atmosphere (95% N2 + 5% H2) at 1500 °C (4 h). Under the excitation of blue light with a wavelength of 450 nm, the Tb3Al5O12:Ce3+ exhibited a broadband yellow light emission peak at 553 nm. Also, the color coordinates of Tb3Al5O12:7%Ce3+ are found to be 0.4709 and 0.5175. Overall, the as-prepared yellow phosphor is suitable for w-LEDs under blue light excitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1-x)Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3-xBa1/2Sr1/2TiO3-0.05KNaNbO3 (BNT-BST-KN, x = 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07) lead-free anti-ferroelectric ceramics were synthesized by a conventional solid-state. The hysteresis loop of the ceramic at different temperature under 70 kV/cm electric field was analyzed. In this paper, the energy storage properties of BNT-BST-KNN ceramics are studied. It was found that the addition of Sr element helps to improve the electric field strength tolerance and the breakdown resistance performance the material, so as to improve its energy storage density. At room temperature, the P-E curves of the materials in the system basically show a double hysteresis loop, and with the increase of temperature, the characteristics of the double hysteresis curve are particularly obvious. The ceramics exist in the ferroelectric-antiferroelectric coexistence phase region near 303 K, namely the morphotropic phase boundary region. It shows that the ceramic has anti-ferroelectric characteristics at room temperature, and is a typical anti-ferroelectric material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Mn-porphyrin was contacted on Au(111) in a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM). Differential conductance spectra show a zero-bias resonance that is due to an underscreened Kondo effect according to many-body calculations. When the Mn center is contacted by the STM tip, the spectrum appears to invert along the voltage axis. A drastic change in the electrostatic potential of the molecule involving a small geometric relaxation is found to cause this observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The unintentional injuries due to falls in elderly people give rise to a multitude of health and economic problems due to the growing aging population. The use of early pre-impact fall alarm and self-protective control could greatly reduce fall injuries. This paper aimed to explore and implement a pre-impact fall recognition/alarm method for free-direction fall activities based on understanding of the pre-impact lead time of falls and the angle of body postural stability using an inertial body sensor network. Eight healthy Asian adult subjects were arranged to perform three kinds of daily living activities and three kinds of fall activities. Nine MTx sensor modules were used to measure the body segmental kinematic characteristics of each subject for pre-impact fall recognition/alarm. Our analysis of the kinematic features of human body segments showed that the chest was the optimal sensor placement for an early pre-impact recognition/alarm (i.e., prediction/alarm of a fall event before it happens) and post-fall detection (i.e., detection of a fall event after it already happened). Furthermore, by comparative analysis of threshold levels for acceleration and angular rate, two acceleration thresholds were determined for early pre-impact alarm (7 m/s/s) and post-fall detection (20 m/s/s) under experimental conditions. The critical angles of postural stability of torso segment in three kinds of fall activities (forward, sideway and backward fall) were determined as 23.9 ± 3.3, 49.9 ± 4.1 and 9.9 ± 2.5 degrees, respectively, and the relative average pre-impact lead times were 329 ± 21, 265 ± 35 and 257 ± 36 ms. The results implied that among the three fall activities the sideway fall was associated with the largest postural stability angle and the forward fall was associated with the longest time to adjust body angle to avoid the fall; the backward fall was the most difficult to avoid among the three kinds of fall events due to the toughest combination of shortest lead time and smallest angle of postural stability which made it difficult for the self-protective control mechanism to adjust the body in time to avoid falling down. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explain how the electrical current flow in a molecular junction can modify the vibrational spectrum of the molecule by renormalizing its normal modes of oscillations. This is demonstrated with first-principles self-consistent transport theory, where the current-induced forces are evaluated from the expectation value of the ionic momentum operator. We explore here the case of H2 sandwiched between two Au electrodes and show that the current produces stiffening of the transverse translational and rotational modes and softening of the stretching modes along the current direction. Such behavior is understood in terms of charge redistribution, potential drop, and elasticity changes as a function of the current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All-trans-retinoic acid (ReA), a closed-shell organic molecule comprising only C, H, and O atoms, is investigated on a Au(111) substrate using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. In dense arrays single ReA molecules are switched to a number of states, three of which carry a localized spin as evidenced by conductance spectroscopy in high magnetic fields. The spin of a single molecule may be reversibly switched on and off without affecting its neighbors. We suggest that ReA on Au is readily converted to a radical by the abstraction of an electron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We investigated the safety and efficacy of the Numen coil compared with the Axium coil in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms., Methods: Because CATCH (Coil Application Trial in China) is a prospective randomized controlled open-label noninferiority trial conducted in 10 centers across China, patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized 1:1 to either a test group (Numen) or a control group (Axium). The primary outcome was based on successful aneurysm occlusion at 6 months follow-up, whereas secondary outcomes included technical success, the recanalization and retreatment rates, and the rate of serious adverse events (SAEs) at 6 months and 12 months follow-up., Results: Between August 2017 and December 2019, 350 patients presenting with 350 aneurysms were enrolled and randomized. Per-protocol analysis showed that the successful aneurysm occlusion rate at 6 months was 91.18% for the test group compared with 91.85% in the control group, with a difference of -0.68% (P = 0.8419), and the overall mortality during the 30-day follow-up period was 1.19% and 1.81% in the test and control group, respectively, showing no significant difference between the 2 groups (P = 0.6837), whereas the SAE incidence during the 12-month follow-up period was 12.50% and 17.47% in the test and control groups, respectively, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.2222)., Conclusions: This trial showed that the Numen coil was noninferior to the Axium coil in terms of intracranial aneurysm embolization and can be considered as a safe and effective coil for treating patients with intracranial aneurysm in clinical practice., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Floral reversion is a process in which differentiated floral organs revert back to vegetative organs. Although this phenomenon has been described for decades, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we found that immature switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum ) inflorescences can revert to neonatal shoots when incubated on a basal medium with benzylaminopurine. We used anatomical and histological methods to verify that these shoots were formed from floret primordia through flower reversion. To further explore the gene regulation of floral reversion in switchgrass, the transcriptome of reversed, unreversed, and uncultured immature inflorescences were analyzed and 517 genes were identified as participating in flower reversion. Annotation using non-redundant databases revealed that these genes are involved in plant hormone biosynthesis and signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, DNA replication and modification, and other processes crucial for switchgrass flower reversion. When four of the genes were overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana , vegetative growth was facilitated and reproductive growth was inhibited in transgenic plants. This study provides a basic understanding of genes regulating the floral transition in switchgrass and will promote the research of floral reversion and flower maintenance.