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Three complexes based on methyl-pyrimidine-2-thione, 5-methyl-5,8,9,10-tetrahydro-5,9methanopyrimido[5,4-e][1, 3]diazocine-2,7-dithiol (mtmdd) (1), and Ni(mpymt)2(N2H4)·H2O (2) and [Cd(mpymt)2]∞ (3) have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analysis reveals that 1 is generated from an in situ translation of mpymt. In 2, two Ni(mpymt)2 fragments were joined into a dinuclear complex by two NH2–NH2 molecules. Compound 3 is a two-dimensional Cd coordination polymer constructed by Cd2(mpymt)2 SBUs and mpymt anions. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurement of 2 revealed strong antiferromagnetic interactions between nickel magnetic centers. The fluorescent properties of 1 and 3 were investigated in the solid state.

Climate variability influences both plant phenology and physiology, resulting in inter-annual variation in terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP). However, it is still difficult to explain the inter-annual variability of GPP. In this study, we propose a Statistical Model of Integrated Phenology and Physiology (SMIPP) to explain the contributions of maximum daily GPP (GPP max ), and start and end of the growing season (GS start and GS end ) to the inter-annual variability of GPP observed at 27 sites across North America and Europe. Strong relationships are found between the anomalies of GS start and spring GPP (r = 0.82 ± 0.10), GPP max and summer GPP (r = 0.90 ± 0.14), and GS end and autumn GPP (r = 0.75 ± 0.18) within each site. Partial correlation analysis further supports strong correlations of annual GPP with GS start (partial r value being 0.72 ± 0.20), GPP max (0.87 ± 0.15), and GS end (0.59 ± 0.26), respectively. In addition, the three indicators are found independent from each other to influence annual GPP at most of the 27 sites. Overall, the site-calibrated SMIPP explains 90 ± 11% of the annual GPP variability among the 27 sites. In general, GPP max contributes to annual GPP variation more than the two phenological indicators. These results indicate that the inter-annual variability of GPP can be effectively estimated using the three indicators. Investigating plant physiology, and spring and autumn phenology to environmental changes can improve the prediction of the annual GPP trajectory under future climate change.

The impact of wind power integration on power market is complex and time-dependent, and can be reflected by some key factors with causal feedback relationships. First, the System Dynamics feature of the impact of wind power integration on power market is analyzed; second, according to the causal feedback relationships among the key factors, the System Dynamics model of the impact of wind power integration on power market is established; on this basis, under the scenario of wind power integrated capacity increasing, the impacts of wind power integration on the power supply and demand, power price and costs in power market are dynamically simulated, and the validity of the System Dynamics model in this paper is verified.

Four new fpa-metal complexes, [Co(fpa)2(H2O)2] (1), [Cu(fpa)2(H2O)] (2), [Zn2(fpa)4(bpp)2] n (3), and {[Zn(bpy)(H2O)4] · 2(fpa)} n (4), have been synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), (Hfpa = 2,2-difluoro-2-(pyridine-2-yl)acetate, bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane, bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine). X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that 1 and 2 with 0-D structures are both extended into 3-D supramolecular networks through hydrogen bonds and π···π interactions. Complex 3 with chiral centers possesses a 1-D structure constructed by two kinds of bpp molecules and four kinds of fpa− molecules with different conformations, with bbp and fpa− bridging and capped ligands, respectively. In 4, bpy links [Zn(H2O)4]2+ into a 1-D polymeric cationic chain and uncoordinated fpa− compensates the framework charge. The results of TGA reveal that fpa− decomposes through two processes. Both 3 and 4 show strong fluorescence in th...

Consequences of dam-break are affected by many factors, which are of a certain degree of ambiguity. Influencing factors of dam-break consequences are summarized in this paper. At first, weights of influencing factors are determined by means of Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP）, thereafter, the fuzzy hierarchy synthesis evaluation model for dam failure is developed. Finally, Qing Linjing reservoir located in Shenzhen of China is taken as a case. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for the risk analysis of dam-break and the risk grades of dam-break consequences are obtained. The results indicate that it is reasonable and valuable to evaluate the risk of dam-break by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.

Two cobalt complexes, [Co3(L)2(CH3OH)2(μ3-OH)2] (1) and [Co(L)(bpe)0.5]·H2O (2) [H2L = 5-(4-carboxyphenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid; bpe = 1, 2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene] were synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and magnetic analysis. Complex 1 has a two-dimensional (2D) structure with puckered Co–O–Co chains, and 2 displays a three-dimensional (3D) network containing one-dimensional rectangular channels with dimensions of 9.24 × 13.84 A. In complex 1, variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate antiferromagnetic interactions between cobalt magnetic centers.

A piezoelectric gripper with force sensor is presented for an optical precision manipulation. The gripper utilizes flexure hinge mechanisms with two-step amplification to achieve output displacement. Micro displacement amplification principle of the gripper is analyzed and verified using finite element analysis (FEA) soft. A force sensor of resistance strain type with elastic plate structure of bi-cantilever is designed, which is fixed at the bottom of the gripper to detect force signals during the working process. The strain foils adopt a connecting method of full-bridge. According to theoretical analysis and FEA of the force sensor, bonding positions of the strain foils are determined. Experimental results indicate that the sensor has good linearity and little temperature drift and creep, and its resolution is less than 100mN. Micro-vision method is used to test the gripper, and maximum displacement is 302μm.

The Noether and Lie symmetries as well as the conserved quantities of Hamiltonian system with fractional derivatives are established. The definitions and criteria for the fractional symmetrical transformations and quasi-symmetrical transformations in the Noether sense of Hamiltonian system are first discussed. Then, using the invariance of Hamiltonian action under the infinitesimal transformations with respect to time, generalized coordinates and generalized momentums, the fractional Noether theorem of the system is obtained. Further, the Lie symmetry and conserved quantity of the system are acquired. Two examples are presented to illustrate the application of the results.

Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is highly expressed in mammalian brains and is involved in the pathophysiology of cerebral disorders, including stroke, tumors, infections, hydrocephalus, epilepsy, and traumatic brain injury. We found that AQP4-deficient mice were hypersensitive to stimulations such as 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) or lipopolysaccharide compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. In a mouse model of MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease (PD), AQP4-deficient animals show more robust microglial inflammatory responses and more severe loss of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) compared with WT mice. However, a few studies have investigated the association of abnormal AQP4 levels with immune dysfunction. Here, for the first time, we report AQP4 expression in mouse thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. Furthermore, the significantly lower numbers of CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory T cells in AQP4-deficient mice compared to WT mice, perhaps resulting from impaired thymic generation, may be responsible for the uncontrolled microglial inflammatory responses and subsequent severe loss of DNs in the substantia nigra pars compacta in the MPTP-induced PD model. These novel findings suggest that AQP4 deficiency may disrupt immunosuppressive regulators, resulting in hyperactive immune responses and potentially contributing to the increased severity of PD or other immune-associated diseases.

Three new cpt-metal complexes of different topology structures were synthesized by solvothermal methods [Hcpt = 4-(4-carboxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole]. The structure of [Mn(cpt)2·2H2O] (1) is essentially 0D monomeric, but extended into a 2D supramolecular network through cross-linking hydrogen bonds. In [Cu(cpt)(OH)·2H2O]·2H2O (2), the hydroxo groups as well as cpt ligands join the copper ions into an infinite polymeric [Cu(μ-cpt)(μ-OH)] chain, which is interconnected into a 3D supramolecular network with different oriented channels by 1D water chains. The complex [Zn(cpt)2]·0.5DMF·CH3CH2OH (3), which crystallizes in a 3D open framework with fourfold interpenetrated diamondoid network topology, represents the first 3D structure based on cpt anions. The structure differences demonstrate that the reaction metal ions have an important effect on the structures of these complexes.

Backgroud T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is a highly aggressive lymphoma with very poor clinical outcomes which has not standard treatment. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of tandem autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) treatment for adult T-LBL and assessed the factors that affect survival. Methods 160 newly diagnosed adult T-LBL patients were divided into three groups: chemotherapy group (68 patients), single auto-HSCT group (46 patients), and tandem auto-HSCT group (46 patients). The primary outcome measure was failure-free survival. The intermediate primary outcomes were progression/relapse rate and overall survival. Factors influencing toxicity related to tandem auto-HSCT treatment and prognosis for the patients were analyzed as well. Results The 3-year progression/relapse rate of the tandem auto-HSCT group was significantly lower than that of the single auto-HSCT group and chemotherapy group (19.6% vs 45.7% and 70.6%, p < 0.05). The 3-year PFS rate and OS rate of the tandem auto-HSCT group (68.3% and 72.5%, respectively) were significantly higher than those of the single auto-HSCT group (41.5% and 55.4%, respectively, p < 0.05) and the chemotherapy group (23.3% and 43.3%, respectively, p < 0.05). In the tandem auto-HSCT group, age and disease status after the first transplant had an influence on the OS and PFS. Multivariate analysis identified disease status after the first transplant as the only independent prognostic factor for outcome in T-LBL. Conclusions Tandem auto-HSCT improves long-term survival of adult T-LBL patients. Disease status after the first transplant was an independent prognostic indicator for those patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Reaction of 2-methyl-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (H3MIDC) with different salts (Zn and Mn) has led to three new H n MIDC–metal complexes varying from zero- to two-dimensional structures under hydrothermal and solvothermal conditions. The complex [Zn(H2MIDC)2(H2O)2] (1) is a 0-D complex constructed by H2MIDC− and Zn centers and the complex [Mn(HMIDC)(H2O)2] · H2O (2) is a polymeric 1-D chiral chain constructed by HMIDC2− and Mn centers connected into a 3-D supramolecular framework with a 1-D channel. The complex [Zn3(MIDC)2(H2O)2(DMF)2] · 0.5H2O (3) shows a 2-D puckered structure composed of MIDC3− and Zn. The differences of the three complexes demonstrate that reaction solvent and temperature have important effects on the structure of these complexes. Complex 3 shows strong fluorescence in the solid state at room temperature.

The lack of knowledge on water flow and particle behavior of sandstone wastewater in sedimentation tanks of hydropower stations is a significant challenge for the design of these processes. In this study, the Euler-Lagrange two-phase model was applied to study the flow, sedimentation, and particle trajectories in a two-stage rectangular tank that is divided into two sections with different hydraulic retention times. The interfacial momentum transfer, buoyant force, and the collision force were considered, and the Lagrange approach was employed to determine the particle trajectories of the particles. The flow patterns, removal efficiency of the particles, and particle trajectories along the tank were investigated. The experimental and numerical results revealed that the two-stage rectangular tank is efficient in dealing with high turbidity sandstone wastewater. In addition, the simulated removal efficiencies were in good agreement with the experimental results. Last, the sensitivity of particle behavior to the collision force was studied, and the effect of the baffle length on particle settling in the rectangular sedimentation tank was evaluated.

A series of lanthanide coordination polymers, (Him){sub n}[Ln(ip){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O)]{sub n} [Ln=La(1), Pr(2), Nd(3) and Dy(4), H{sub 2}ip=isophthalic acid, im=imidazole] and [Y{sub 2}(ip){sub 3}(H{sub 2}O){sub 2}]{sub n}.nH{sub 2}O (5), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, infrared (IR), ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. The isostructural compounds 1-4 possess 3-D structures with three different kinds of channels. Compound 5 features a 2-D network making of two different kinds of quadruple-helical chains. Compounds 2 and 3 present the characteristic emissions of Pr(III) and Nd(III) ions in NIR region, respectively. Compound 4 shows sensitized luminescence of Dy(III) ions in visible region. - Graphical abstract: A series of lanthanide coodination polymers, (Him){sub n}[Ln(ip){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O)]{sub n} [Ln=La(1), Pr(2), Nd(3) and Dy(4)] and [Y{sub 2}(ip){sub 3}(H{sub 2}O){sub 2}]{sub n}.nH{sub 2}O (5), have been reported. The isostructural compounds 1-4 possess 3-D structures with three different kinds of channels. Compound 5 displays a 2-D network making of two kinds of quadruple-helical chains. Display Omitted.

A series of lanthanide(III) complexes with citric ligand, [Ln(Hcit)(H2O)]n (Ln = Ce (1), Pr (2), Sm (3), Dy (4) and Er (5)), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TGA and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray structural analysis reveals that complexes 1 and 2 are isomorphous and feature 3D networks showing five-connected distorted BN topology, while the isostructural 3–5 display 2D layer structures with two kinds of 13-membered rings. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements for complexes 1 and 5 indicate there exist antiferromagnetic interactions between magnetic centers.

Four 3D lanthanide(III) complexes with 5-sulfosalicylic acid (H3SSA) as bridging ligands, Ln(SSA)(H2O)2 [Ln=Ce(III) (1), Pr(III) (2), Nd(III) (3) and Dy(III) (4)], have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, XRD and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray structural analysis reveals that isostructral complexes 1–4 possess 3D structures with 4664 topology. Complexes 1 and 2 exhibit broad intraligand fluorescent emission bands. Complexes 3 and 4 not only display intraligand fluorescent emission bands, but also present Nd(III) characteristic emission in the near-IR region and sensitized luminescence of Dy(III) ions in the visible region, respectively. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements of 2–4 have been studied over the temperature range of 4–300 K.

Two new coordination complexes, [Ni 2 (Him) 12 · (bta) · 8H 2 O] 1 and [Cd 2 (Him) 4 (bta)] 2 , (H 4 bta = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid, Him = imidazole) were prepared under hydrothermal conditions and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray diffraction reveals that complex 1 , consisting of two crystallographically independent [Ni(Him) 6 ] 2+ fragments, an uncoordinated bta 4− anion and eight lattice water molecules, displays an interesting 3D supramolecular network constructed by cationic layers (layer A) and anionic layers (layer B) with ABAB sequence through hydrogen bonding interactions. In complex 2 , each bta ligand links four metal ions to form a one dimensional (1D) double chain. The 1D double metal chains are assembled into a 3D supramolecular network through N H⋯O hydrogen bonding and C H⋯π interactions. Complex 2 shows strong blue fluorescence at room temperature.

Two novel coordination polymers, {[Cu(ip)(Him)2(DMF)]·H2O} (1) and Co(ip)(Him)2 (2), (ip = isophthalate, Him = imidazole) were prepared under hydrothermal conditions and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray structural analysis reveals that 1-D zigzag metal-organic chains are connected to form a 3-D supramolecular framework in compounds 1 and 2 by hydrogen-bonding and π–π interaction or other intermolecular contacts. Infrared, UV–vis, and elemental analysis were performed to characterize the two compounds. The result of magnetic determination for compound 2 shows there exist antiferromagnetic interaction between magnetic centers.

Six new complexes constructed by 5-sulfosalicylic acid and bipyridyl-like ligands (2,2′-bipy and 1,10-phen), namely [Cu4(OH)2(ssal)2(phen)4 · 7H2O] (1), [Cu4(OH)2(ssal)2(bipy)4 · 2H2O] (2), [Cd(Hssal)(bipy)] (3), [Cd(HL)2(phen)2] (4), [Cr(ssal)(bipy)(H2O)2 · 2H2O] (5) and [Cr(ssal)(phen)2] (6) (H3ssal = 5-sulfosalicylic acid, H2L = p-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, bipy = 2,2′-bipy, phen = 1,10-phen) were prepared under hydrothermal conditions and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1 and 2 are both tetranuclear copper complexes with a stepped topology. In complex 3, a new coordination mode of the Hssal2− group is reported in this work. During the synthetic process of complex 4, in situ decarboxylation of 5-sulfosalicylic acid into p-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is involved. Two chromium 5-sulfosalicylates (5 and 6) are reported for the first time. These new complexes display different supramolecular structures by O–H⋯O, C–H⋯O hydrogen bonds as well as π⋯π, C–H⋯π and O⋯π interactions. The results of magnetic determination show that ferromagnetic interactions exist in complex 1, however, antiferromagnetic interactions exist in 2.

Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae, MP) is recognized globally as a significant cause of primary atypical pneumonia in humans, particularly in children. Overzealous host immune responses are viewed as key mediators of the pathogenesis of M. pneumoniae infection. Although Th17 cells have been identified as key modulators in the clearance of pathogens and induction of autoimmunity caused by excessive immune responses, little is known about the role of Th17 cells in patients with M. pneumoniae infection. Methods The percentages of T cells, CD4+ T cells and Th17 cells in children with M. pneumoniae infection were measured by flow cytometry. Results We documented an increased frequency of Th17 cells in children with M. pneumoniae infection. Furthermore, we found a significantly higher percentage of Th17 cells in M. pneumoniae-infected children with extrapulmonary manifestations, compared with children without extrapulmonary manifestations. In addition, patients who experienced a short course of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) showed an increase in the percentage of Th17 cells. Conclusion Our findings suggest that Th17 cells may be involved in the clearance of M. pneumoniae during an acute infection. Excessive Th17 cell responses may also contribute to the immuno-pathological damage observed during persistent infection.

Background Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic disease that affects approximately 200 million people. In Schistosomiasis japonica and mansoni, parasite eggs were trapped in host liver and stimulated the CD4+T cell responses to regulate the formation of the granulomas. Subsequently, excessive granulomatous response in some heavily, and/or repeatedly infected individuals could result in chronic liver fibrosis and circulatory impairment. Thus, elucidation of the mechanisms of these responses will not only provide more information to better understand the mechanisms of the immunoregulation in schistosomiasis, but also help to design new therapies to control granuloma-associated immunopathology. The role of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) in water transport has been extensively investigated in the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, studies have shown that AQP4 expresses in immune system and lack of AQP4 in mice results in significantly less CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Treg cells) under physiological condition, one of the subpopulations of CD4+T cells which restrains immunopathology in hosts with schistosomiasis. However, little information exists regarding the contribution of AQP4 to the immune regulation in schistosome infection. Methods The liver granulomatous response in S. japonicum-infected AQP4 knockout (KO) mice and its wild-type (WT) littermates were detected by staining liver sections with hematoxylin and eosin. The generation of various CD4+ T subsets, including Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. In addition, the levels of total IgG, IgG1, IgG2a in serum of infected mice were detected by ELISA assay. Results Our results showed an enhanced granulomatous response with increased accumulation of eosinophils and macrophages around eggs in the liver of AQP4 KO mice with Schistosomiasis japonica. In addition, our study demonstrated enhanced Th2 but reduced Th1 and Treg cells generation in AQP4 KO mice with Schistosomiasis japonica, which may, at least partly, account for the enhancement of the liver granuloma formation. Conclusion Our study for the first time provides evidences that AQP4 has an association with the immunoregulation of the liver granuloma formation, which may confer a new option for schistosomiasis treatment.

Five metal imidazole dicarboxylate-based compounds, {[Zn3(MIDC)2(4,4′-bipy)3](4,4′-bipy)·8H2O}n (1), {[Co3(MIDC)2(4,4′-bipy)3](4,4′-bipy)·6H2O}n (2), {[Co3(MIDC)2(py)2(H2O)2]}n (3), {[Mn6(MIDC)4(py)5(H2O)4]}n (4), and {[Mn3(MIDC)2(Phen)3(H2O)2]}n (5) (H3MIDC = 2-methyl-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid; 4,4′-bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine; py = pyridine; Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. We control the coordination modes of H3MIDC via hydrazine and obtained a series of coordination compounds containing honeycomb-like [M3(MIDC)2]n layers. We also investigated the effects of different neutral terminal or bridging ligands on [M3(MIDC)2]n layers. Coplanar [M3(MIDC)2]n layers and 4,4-bipy were used to construct 3-D frameworks of 1 and 2. Puckered [M3(MIDC)2]n layers were found in 3–5; 4 is the first [M3(L)2]n layer structure with two crests and troughs during each period (L = imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid or its analog). Compound 5 is the first puckered [M3(L)2]n layer structure decorated by chelating neutral ligands. Compound 1 exhibits weak blue photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements of 2–5 indicate strong antiferromagnetic interactions.

Background Schistosomiasis is a helminthic disease that affects more than 200 million people. An effective vaccine would be a major step towards eliminating the disease. Studies suggest that T follicular helper (Tfh) cells provide help to B cells to generate the long-term humoral immunity, which would be a crucial component of successful vaccines. Thus, understanding the biological characteristics of Tfh cells in patients with schistosomiasis, which has never been explored, is essential for vaccine design. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we investigated the biological characteristics of peripheral memory Tfh cells in schistosomiasis patients by flow cytometry. Our data showed that the frequencies of total and activated peripheral memory Tfh cells in patients were significantly increased during Schistosoma japonicum infection. Moreover, Tfh2 cells, which were reported to be a specific subpopulation to facilitate the generation of protective antibodies, were increased more greatly than other subpopulations of total peripheral memory Tfh cells in patients with schistosomiasis japonica. More importantly, our result showed significant correlations of the percentage of Tfh2 cells with both the frequency of plasma cells and the level of IgG antibody. In addition, our results showed that the percentage of T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells was also increased in patients with schistosomiasis. Conclusions/Significance Our report is the first characterization of peripheral memory Tfh cells in schistosomasis patients, which not only provides potential targets to improve immune response to vaccination, but also is important for the development of vaccination strategies to control schistosomiasis., Author Summary Schistosomiasis affects more than 200 million people worldwide and causes more than 280,000 deaths per year. Current control strategies are based on chemotherapy, but recurrent reinfection of people living in endemic areas makes researchers search for an effective vaccine to provide long-term protection against schistosomiasis. The generation of long-lived high-affinity antibodies after vaccination is a pivotal step for anti-schistosome vaccine to eliminate schistosomiasis. Considering it is well-known that Tfh cells are specialized effector CD4+ T cells that provide help for germinal center (GC) formation and induce GC B cells to develop protective antibody responses, understanding the biology of Tfh cells in schistosomiasis patients is fundamental for vaccine strategy development. Here, for the first time, we documented increased frequencies of total and activated peripheral memory Tfh cells in schistosomiasis patients. Furthermore, we showed that Tfh2 cells were a major contributor to increased frequency of peripheral memory Tfh cells in patients with schistosomiasis japonica. More importantly, we found the significant correlations of the percentage of Tfh2 cells with both the frequency of plasma cells and the level of total IgG antibody in schistosomiasis patients.

Five metal imidazole dicarboxylate based compounds, {[Zn3(MIDC)2(4,4’-bipy)3](4,4’-bipy)·8H2O}n (1), {[Co3(MIDC)2(4,4’-bipy)3](4,4’-bipy)·6H2O}n (2), {[Co3(MIDC)2(py)2(H2O)2]}n (3), {[Mn6(MIDC)4(py)5(H2O)4]}n (4) and {[Mn3(MIDC)2(Phen)3(H2O)2]}n (5) (H3MIDC = 2-methyl-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid; 4,4’-bipy = 4,4’-bipyridine; py = pyridine; Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. We control the coordination modes of H3MIDC via hydrazine and obtained a series of coordination compounds containing honeycomb-like [M3(MIDC)2]n layers. We also investigated the effects of different neutral terminal or bridging ligands on [M3(MIDC)2]n layers. Coplanar [M3(MIDC)2]n layers and 4,4-bipy were used to construct 3-D frameworks of 1 and 2. Puckered [M3(MIDC)2]n layers were found in 3-5; 4 is the first [M3(L)2]n layer structure with two crests and troughs during each period (L = imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid or its analogue). Compound 5 is the first puckered [M3(L)2]n layer structure decorated by chelating neutral ligands. Compound 1 exhibits weak blue photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements of 2-5 indicate strong antiferromagnetic interactions.

A novel coordination polymer, {[Cu(ip)(Him)2(H2O)] · 3H2O} (1), (ip = isophthalate, Him = imidazole) was prepared under hydrothermal conditions and its structure is determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray structural analysis reveals that 1D zigzag metal-organic framework was connected to form a 3D metal-organic framework by a novel infinite 1D water chain constructed by five- and six-membered rings through edge-sharing. These water chains behave as glue to stabilize the 3D network. Upon removal of the water molecules by heating, the 3D structure breaks down. Thermogravimetric analysis, infrared, X-ray powder diffraction studies, elemental analysis and magnetic analysis were performed to characterize this compound.

Global dynamics of supercritical pipes conveying pulsating fluid considering superharmonic resonance of the second mode with 1:2 internal resonance are investigated. The governing partial differential equations in the supercritical regime are obtained based on the nontrivial equilibrium configuration of the pipes conveying fluid and then transformed into a discretized nonlinear gyroscopic system via assumed modes and Galerkin’s method. The method of multiple scales and canonical transformation are applied to reduce the equations of motion to the near-integrable Hamiltonian standard form. The energy-phase method is employed to demonstrate the existence of chaotic dynamics by identifying the existence of multi-pulse jumping orbits in the perturbed phase space. The global solutions are subsequently interpreted in terms of the physical motion of such gyroscopic system. Two types of nonlinear normal modal motion and the chaotic pattern conversion between the locked simple bidirectional traveling wave motion and the complex bidirectional traveling wave motion are discussed.

This is the first report of novel chiral N-trifluoroacetyl sulfilimines during research for new environmentally benign and ecologically safe novel insecticides with new modes of action. Four series of phthalamides containing 20 new structures were designed, synthesized, and evaluated against oriental armyworm (Pseudaletia separata Walker) and diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella (L.)) for their insecticidal activities. The target compounds were established by corresponding (1)H NMR, HRMS (or elemental analysis), X-ray diffraction analysis, and optical polarimetry. Introduction of chiral N-trifluoroacetyl sulfiliminyl moieties into the new scaffolds showed that some target compounds possessed impressive activities as commercial flubendiamide. These N-trifluoroacetyl sulfilimines exhibited the sequence of activity against oriental armyworm as (Sc, Ss) ≥ (Sc, Rs) ≫ (Rc, Rs)(Rc, Ss), in which the chiral carbon influenced the activities stronger than sulfur. For diamondback moth, compounds If, IIa, and IIc exhibited even stronger activity than flubendiamide; especially If displayed a death rate of 100% at 10(-6) mg L(-1), much better than that of flubendiamide (0% at 10(-4) mg L(-1)). Comparative molecular field analysis calculation indicated that stereoisomers with Sc configurations containing more electronegative group as COCF3 are favorable to the insecticidal activity. The present work demonstrated that chiral N-trifluoroacetyl sulfilimines can be considered as potential insect ryanodine receptor modulators. From the standpoint of molecular design, it was concluded that the conventional second methyl group in the aliphatic amido side chain of dicarboxamide might not be a requisite in our research on novel sulfiliminyl insecticides.

Novel insecticidal chiral phthalamides containing N -cyano and N -trifluroacetyl sulfiliminyl moieties were firstly described, coupled with their insecticidal activity against oriental armyworm ( Pseudaletia separata Walker) and diamondback moth ( Plutella xylostella (L.) ). The chirality of carbon and sulfur impact on bioactivity was systemically studied

The similarity transformation and direct ansatz are applied to obtain rogue wave solutions of nonlinear Schrödinger equation with varying coefficients. These obtained solutions can be used to describe the possible formation mechanisms for optical rogue wave phenomenon in optical fibres. Moreover their dynamical behaviors are exhibited for chosen different functions. This will further excite the possibility of relative researchers and potential applications of rogue waves in other related fields.