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In 2012, a lacquer figure was unearthed from the Han dynasty tomb (188 BC−87 BC) at Chengdu Laoguanshan. The lines intaglioed on the Laoguanshan lacquer figure were similar to the meridians. Objective To investigate the relationship between the lines on this Laoguanshan lacquer figure and the regular meridians so as to explore the development of meridian system in ancient China. Methods Based on collecting the photos of the Laoguanshan lacquer figure and the representative acupuncture classics, the double evidence method (combining the unearthed relics / literature and extant literature) was performed to investigate the relationship between the lines on this Laoguanshan lacquer figure and the regular meridians. Furthermore, the development of regular meridians theory was analyzed from the number, distribution, direction and branches. Results The routes of the 28 longitudinal white lines on the Laoguanshan lacquer figure are similar to the regular meridians in the ancient literature including Huangdi Neijīng (《黄帝内经》Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic). The number, distribution and branches of the meridians intaglioed on the Laoguanshan lacquer figure suggested the evolution of the regular-meridian system from the eleven-meridian system to the twelve-meridian system. Conclusions The meridian system of Laoguanshan lacquer figure was a link connecting the preceding and the following. The Laoguanshan lacquer figure played an important role in the development of the early meridian theory.

Purpose: With an increase in the number of young and middle-aged colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with stoma, understanding their perception about return to work (RTW) can guide medical professionals to provide appropriate rehabilitation strategies, which can eventually improve patients’ readiness for RTW and enable them to achieve final rehabilitation. The present study aimed to investigate the RTW-related perceptions of young and middle-aged CRC patients with stoma after surgery. Methods: From 2021 to 2022, we conducted a basic interpretive qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with 17 CRC patients with stoma in two grade 3A hospitals in China. This study was based on the readiness for return to work (RRTW) model. Data collection was continued until data saturation was reached, and all data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by Colaizzi’s phenomenologicalmethod. Results: The following three key themes were identified: (1) self-efficacy; (2) decision balance; and (3) change process. Eight subthemes were formulated that were included within the respective main themes. Conclusion: In light of the current low self-efficacy and unsatisfactory willingness of patients with stoma about RTW, we suggest that medical staff should implement cognitive intervention and supportive intervention to improve self-efficacy and actively enhance the motivation of patients for RTW and simultaneously resolve the pertinent difficulties; this could help patients to accept the positive change process and enable their successful transition from a change process to RTW.

Objectives: In this study, we characterise the imaging-mode performance of the positron emission tomography (PET) subsystem of the RefleXion X1 machine using the NEMA NU-2 2018 standard. Methods: The X1 machine consists of two symmetrically opposing 900 arcs of PET detectors incorporated into the architecture of a ring-gantry linear accelerator rotating up to 60 RPM. PET emissions from a tumour are detected by the PET detectors and used to guide the delivery of radiation beam. Imaging performance of the PET subsystem on X1 machine was evaluated based on sensitivity of the PET detectors, spatial resolution, count-loss performance, image quality, and daily system performance check. Results: PET subsystem sensitivity was measured as 0.183 and 0.161 cps/kBq at the center and off-center positions, respectively. Spatial resolution: average FWHM values of 4.3, 5.1, and 6.7 mm for the point sources at 1, 10, and 20 cm off center, respectively were recorded. For count loss, max NECR: 2.63 kcps, max true coincidence rate: 5.56 kcps, and scatter fraction: 39.8%. The 10 mm sphere was not visible. Image-quality contrast values were: 29.6%, 64.9%, 66.5%, 81.8%, 81.2%, and background variability: 14.8%, 12.4%, 10.3%, 8.8%, 8.3%, for the 13, 17, 22, 28, 37 mm sphere sizes, respectively. Conclusions: When operating in an imaging mode, the spatial resolution and image contrast of the X1 PET subsystem were comparable to those of typical diagnostic imaging systems for large spheres, while the sensitivity and count rate were lower due to the significantly smaller PET detector area in the X1 system. Clinical efficacy when used in BgRT remains to be validated. Advances in knowledge: This is the first performance evaluation of the PET subsystem on the novel BgRT machine. The dual arcs rotating PET subsystem on RefleXion X1 machine performance is comparable to those of the typical diagnostic PET system based on the spatial resolution and image contrast for larger spheres.

To assess the clinical effectiveness of acupoint application (AP) of Guan Xin Su He Pill (冠心苏合丸, GXSHP) for patients with chronic stable angina pectoris (CSAP). This study was carried out in 3 local hospitals in Chengdu, China. After baseline evaluation, eligible patients were randomly assigned to the placebo application for acupoints (PAA) group or the herbal application for acupoints (HAA) group. Patients in the HAA group underwent AP with herbal powder, which was mainly GXSHP, and patients in the PAA group underwent AP with sham drugs. For each treatment session, unilateral acupoints including Neiguan (PC 6), Danzhong (RN 17), Xinshu (BL 15) and Jueyinshu (BL 14), were stimulated for both groups. AP was performed 3 times a week with a 2-day interval for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was the frequency of angina pectoris attacks per week, while the secondary outcomes included angina pain intensity measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), dose of rescue oral drugs (nitroglycerin), scores on the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale scores (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores (SDS). Clinical outcomes were measured at week 0, 4 and 8. The safety of AP of GXSHP treatment for CSAP were assessed. A total of 121 patients were enrolled. Baseline characteristics were comparable across the 2 groups. After treatment, the angina attack numbers in the HAA group were significantly reduced from 11.00 to 4.81 (P

Background: Epigenetic regulation by promoter methylation-mediated silencing of cancer-related microRNAs plays vital roles in tumorigenesis. MiR-192-5p promotes tumor progression in various human cancers with conflicting biological effects. However, its expression levels and biological functions in endometrial carcinoma (EC) have not been reported. Methods: The methylation status of miR-192-5p in tissue samples and cell lines, was examined using bisulfite sequencing PCR. miR-192-5p expression was also measured. EC cell lines transfected with specifically designed vectors overexpressing miR-192-5p, its target gene ALX1 or both, were constructed. Tumorigenicity of these cell lines were examined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Dual-luciferase reporter assay were employed to verify the target of miR-192-5p. Results: The promoter region of miR-192-5p gene was highly methylated and its expression significantly repressed in EC samples. Moreover, a higher level of promoter methylation as well as a lower expression of miR-192-5p, was significantly associated with advanced Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and shorter disease-free survival in patients with curatively resected EC. Functional studies demonstrated that miR-192-5p overexpression inhibited in vitro tumor progression, in vivo tumorigenicity and the expression of several oncoproteins that was highly related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. ALX1 was verified as a direct target of miR-192-5p and demonstrated to mediate the tumor-suppressive function of miR-192-5p. Conclusion: miR-192-5p is a tumor suppressor miRNA that is epigenetically silenced by promoter methylation and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in EC.

IntroductionAmphetamine-type stimulants (ATSs) are presenting a great challenge to global public health along with its worldwide abuse in recent years. Protracted amphetamine abstinence syndrome (PAAS) is one of the primary causes of relapse for ATS abusers during withdrawal. However, different conclusions are reached by previous trials. This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in treating PAAS.Methods and analysisCochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), ClinicalTrials.gov and who.int/trialsearch will be searched from the inception to February 2023 and language will be restricted to English and Chinese. Eligible randomised controlled trials will be included. The primary outcome is the intensity of withdrawal syndrome. The secondary outcomes include: (1) intensity of pain, anxiety, depression and other associated symptoms; (2) number of participants with relapse; (3) retention of treatment and (4) nature and rate of adverse effects. Data synthesis will be performed by using RevMan (V.5.4). The quality of evidence will be evaluated by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. This study will strictly adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as this is a systematic review and meta-analysis based on previously published studies that do not involve patients’ privacy. The results of this study will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022297761.

Metabolic response assessment for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) aids in identifying locoregional persistence/recurrence (LRR). The Hopkins Criteria are a standardized qualitative response assessment system using posttreatment FDG-PET/CT.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with node-positive OPSCC treated with definitive (chemo)radiotherapy. We assessed Hopkins Criteria performance for LRR, then developed and validated a competing-risks model.Between 2004 and 2018, 259 patients were included with median follow-up of 43 months. The Hopkins Criteria sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 68%, 88%, 95%, and 85%. The 36-month cumulative incidence of LRR was greater with positive scores (45% vs. 5%, HR 12.60, p 0.001). PET/CTs performed ≤10 weeks after radiotherapy were associated with a four-fold increase in pathologically negative biopsies/surgeries (36% vs. 9%, p = 0.03). The AUC for LRR was 0.89 using a model integrating the Hopkins score.The Hopkins Criteria predict LRR with high accuracy for OPSCC response assessment.

This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of recurrence and invasive disease in patients with extramammary Paget’s disease of the vulva (EPDV). We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who were initially diagnosed with EPDV in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center between May 2006 and March 2019. Thirty-eight patients were initially diagnosed with EPDV in our institution. Among them, 29 had intraepithelial EPDV, 8 had intraepithelial EPDV with stromal invasion, and 1 had an underlying vulvar adenocarcinoma. In total, 8 (21%) patients had 12 recurrences. Of these eight patients, four had one recurrence, while other four had two recurrences. Intraepidermal EPDV recurred nine times, while intraepidermal EPDV with invasive disease recurred thrice. The first and second recurrence intervals were 62.1 (9–146) months and 22 (15–28) months, respectively. The rate of invasive disease was 23.7% (9/38) for primary EPDV and 25% (3/12) for recurrent ones. We determined that the presence of invasive disease was associated with a history of more than 10 years (p = 0.02) and inversely correlated with positive margins (p = 0.037), However, invasive disease had no statistical relations with age (p = 0.438), recurrence (p = 0.642), and lesion diameter (p = 0.08). EPDV with a history of more than 10 years was associated with invasive disease. Close and long-term follow-up are recommended to identify those who require further treatment.

Electroacupuncture (EA) can improve myocardial ischemia (MI) injury; nevertheless, the mechanism is not entirely clear. And there were disagreements about whether the effect of EA at acupoint in disease-affected meridian is better than EA at acupoint in non-affected meridian and sham acupoint. Here, we showed that the effect of EA at Neiguan (PC6) is better than EA at Hegu (LI4) and sham acupoint in affecting RPP and ECG, increasing ATP and ADO production, decreasing AMP production, and upregulating the mRNA expression levels of A1AR, A2aAR, and A2bAR; knockdown of A1AR or A2bAR reversed the effect of EA at PC6 in alleviating MI injury; knockdown of A2aAR had no influence on the cardiac protection of EA at PC6; thus, the cardioprotective effect of EA at PC6 needs A1AR and A2bAR, instead of A2aAR; considering that the cardio protection of adenosine receptor needs activation of other adenosine receptors, one of the reasons may be that after silence of A1AR or A2bAR, EA at PC6 could not impact the expression levels of the other two adenosine receptors, and after silence of A2aAR, EA at PC6 could impact the expression levels of A1AR and A2bAR. These results suggested that EA at PC6 may be a potential and effective treatment for MI by activation of A1AR and A2bAR.

This study aimed at developing an available recurrence-free survival (RFS) model of endometrial cancer (EC) for accurate and individualized prognosis assessment. A training cohort of 520 women with EC who underwent initial surgical treatment and an external validation cohort of 445 eligible EC patients from 2006 to 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to develop nomograms for predicting recurrence. The concordance index (C-index) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated to determine the discrimination of RFS prognostic scoring systems. Calibration plots were generated to examine the performance characteristics of the predictive nomograms. Regression analysis revealed that an advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, histological grade 3, primary tumor diameter ≥2 cm, and positive peritoneal cytology were independent prognostic factors for RFS in EC in the training set. The nomograms estimated RFS according to these four variables, with a C-index of 0.860, which was superior to that of FIGO stage (2009 criteria), at 0.809 (P=0.034), in the training cohort. Encouragingly, consistent results were observed in the validation set, with a C-index of 0.875 for the nomogram and a C-index of 0.833 for the FIGO staging (P=0.0137). Furthermore, the calibrations of the nomograms predicting 3- and 5-year RFS strongly corresponded to the actual survival outcome. In conclusion, this study developed an available nomogram with effective external validation and relatively appreciable discrimination and conformity for the accurate assessment of 3- and 5-year RFS in Chinese women with EC.

Background Defects in DNA damage repair (DDR) system may lead to genomic instability and manifest as increased immunogenicity. DDR deficiency is prevalent in ovarian cancer (OvCa); however, the association of DDR mutation with immune profiles in OvCa remains largely unknown. This knowledge will provide an essential basis to the rational design of biomarker‐guided immune combination therapy of OvCa in the future. Methods Whole‐exome sequencing data of 587 OvCa from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to determine the expression profiles of 47 immune‐related genes and the abundance of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells. A Chinese OvCa cohort (n = 220) tested by next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was used to validate the association between DDR status and tumor mutation burden (TMB). Results A total of 19.3% in TCGA cohort and 25.9% in Chinese cohort harbored at least one DDR somatic mutation. DDR deficiency exhibited a distinct immune profile with significant higher expression levels of PTPRCAP, CCL5, IFI16, LAG3, IL15RA, and GBP1 in OvCa in the TCGA cohort. Different DDR pathway deficiency displayed various immune profiles. Increased levels of Th1 cells, TMB, and neoantigen were also observed in DDR‐deficient tumors. Conclusions DDR deficiency was associated with specific immune signatures in OvCa. Our findings emphasize the urgent need for biomarker‐guided rational immune combination therapy to maximize the OvCa patients who could benefit from immunotherapy., DDR deficiency exhibited distinct immune profiles in ovarian cancer. DDR deficiency was associated with higher levels of TMB, neoantigen, genomic instability, and improved prognosis in ovarian cancer.

IntroductionCancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a prevalent symptom in cancer survivors. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) has been reported as a promising therapy for CRF. This protocol is proposed for a systematic review that aims to assess the efficacy and safety of TEAS for CRF.Methods and analysisCochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Medline, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry System, ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO International Clinical Trial Registry Platform will be searched from inception to 31 January 2021 without language limitations. The eligible randomised controlled trials will be included. The primary outcomes include changes in the revised Piper fatigue scale, the Brief fatigue inventory, the Multidimensional fatigue inventory and the Functional assessment of chronic illness therapy fatigue. The secondary outcomes are the quality-of-life measurement index, the Hamilton anxiety scale, the Hamilton depression scale and adverse events. The selection of studies, data extraction and assessment of risk of bias will be conducted independently by two reviewers. Data synthesis will be performed using RevMan V.5.4.1. The quality of evidence will be evaluated with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. This study will strictly adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as this is a systematic review and meta-analysis based on previously published studies involving no private information of patients. The results of this study will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020220282.

Neck pain caused by cervical spondylosis (CS) is a chronic pain condition, with an increasingly high incidence in the general population. Electroacupuncture is a common analgesic modality that has been widely applied in neck pain treatment. However, current electroacupuncture instruments used in the clinic have low intelligence levels and obscure parameter standards. We here designed this study for assessing the effect and safety of a new, intelligent electroacupuncture instrument, the CX-DZ-II, in treating neck pain. The present study is a prospective, two-center, randomized, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial for CX-DZ-II on treating neck pain caused by CS. Totally 160 eligible patients will be included in this trial and randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group in a 1:1 ratio. A semi-standard acupoint selection strategy will be employed. In the experimental group, selected acupoints will be stimulated by CX-DZ-II. Electroacupuncture treatment will be accomplished by a pre-existing electroacupuncture instrument in the control group. The duration of treatment will be 2 weeks. The primary outcome is the change of Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score after one course of treatment. The secondary outcomes include the VAS scores after each treatment, the responder rate, drug-usage rate of non-steroidal antipyretic analgesics, the rate of adverse events occurrence, and the performance of instrument. This study will evaluate the effect and safety of the CX-DZ-II intelligent electroacupuncture therapeutic instrument in comparison with a pre-existing non-intelligent instrument in the treatment of neck pain caused by CS. The results will hopefully demonstrate a more optimal electroacupuncture instrument for the treatment of neck pain. (Trial registration No. gov NCT03005301).

As inherited genetic alterations are important etiological factors causing endometrial cancer (EC), our study aimed to outline the ethnic-related prevalence and the associated clinical and biological characteristics of germline mutations in cancer predisposition genes in Chinese EC patients. One hundred ninety-eight Chinese EC patients were screened for germline mutations in a panel of cancer susceptibility genes using next-generation sequencing combined with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. First, we found that among patients under 50 years of age, 26% (18/69) carried germline genetic mutations, all involving mismatch repair (MMR) genes except for one mutation affecting BRCA1. Second, when we focused on Lynch syndrome (LS) with additional selected patients, 45 were identified to carry pathogenic mutations in MMR genes, with a higher frequency found in MSH2 and MSH6. We found that age at onset, personal and familial history together with immunohistochemical assay results were the most useful criteria for the diagnosis of LS although limitations in routine practice and the sensitivity and specificity of each parameter should be taken into account. One pathogenic mutation in the PALB2 gene was detected in a patient with no breast cancer in her family. Interestingly, we identified a family carrying pathogenic variant in both PMS2 and BRCA1 genes with distinct clinical phenotypes. Multigene panel testing should be recommended to patients based on their clinical information and tumor phenotype. Our study also showed the genetic complexity in EC, which requires further investigations.

5591 Background: For advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (EC), therapeutic options remain scarce. Immune or antiangiogenic monotherapy has shown moderate efficacy in EC. Preclinical and clinical data showed that camrelizumab (an anti-PD-1 antibody) plus apatinib (a selective VEGFR2 inhibitor) markedly enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in multiple solid tumors. This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of the combination of camrelizumab and apatinib as second-line or above therapy for advanced or recurrent EC. Methods: This was an open-label, single-arm, phase II trial conducted in China. Patients with advanced or recurrent EC who progressed after at least first-line therapy received camrelizumab (200 mg, intravenously, q2w) plus apatinib (250 mg, orally, qd). Using a minimax Simon two-stage design, 21 patients were enrolled at stage I and if a complete or partial response was observed in at least four patients, the enrollment would be continued to 40 patients. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST version 1.1. Secondary endpoints included time to objective response (TTR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of Response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), time to treatment failure (TTF) and safety. Here, the results of stage I are reported. Results: Between January 20, 2020 and July 8, 2021, 21 patients were enrolled. The median age was 57 years (range 29–72). Thirteen patients (61.9%) had ECOG PS of 0, and eight patients (38.1%) received at least two prior therapies. As of November 9, 2021, the median follow-up time was 13.5 months (IQR 11.3-16.3). Among 21 evaluable patients, the confirmed ORR was 47.6% (95% CI 25.7%-70.2%) with complete response in one patient (4.8%) and partial response in nine patients (42.9%); eight patients had stable disease for a DCR of 85.7% (95% CI 63.7%-97.0%). The median PFS was 11.8 months (95% CI 5.2-14.4). Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of any grade and of grade ≥ 3 were reported in 21 (100%) patients and 10 (47.6%) patients, respectively. The most common grade ≥ 3 TRAEs included gamma-glutamyltransferase increased (six [28.6%]), direct bilirubin increased (four [19.0%]), alanine aminotransferase increased (three [14.3%]), aspartate aminotransferase increased (three [14.3%]) and hyperglycaemia (three [14.3%]). Four patients (19.0%) experienced reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation, all of which were grade 1-2. No treatment-related deaths were reported. Conclusions: Camrelizumab plus apatinib demonstrated promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile in patients with advanced or recurrent EC after failure of at least first-line therapy. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR2000031932.

Promoter methylation‑associated silencing of cancer‑associated microRNAs (miRNAs) is a common epigenetic mechanism during tumorigenesis in various types of human cancer. However, this has not been comprehensively examined in endometrial carcinoma (EC). In the present study, an miRNA microarray consisting of 1,347 common human miRNAs was used to select potential tumor suppressive miRNAs that were hyper‑methylated in EC. This led to the identification of miR‑638, miR‑210 and miR‑3665. The methylation status of miR‑638 was examined by bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction and miR‑638 expression was measured by TaqMan miRNA assays. EC cell lines transfected with vectors overexpressing miR‑638, its target gene myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) or both, were constructed. Dual‑luciferase reporter assays, a xenograft mouse model and rescue experiments were designed to study miR‑638 and its target gene MEF2C. The results indicated that the promoter region of miR‑638 was highly methylated and the expression of miR‑638 was significantly downregulated in cancerous tissues from 42 patients with EC who underwent surgical resection. Additionally, a low expression of miR‑638 was significantly associated with advanced Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and was demonstrated to indicate shorter disease‑free survival. Functional studies indicated that the overexpression of miR‑638 in EC cell lines inhibited in vitro tumor progression and in vivo tumorigenicity. MEF2C was verified as a direct target of miR‑638 and was demonstrated to mediate the tumor‑suppressive function of miR‑638 in EC.

To identify the predictors of coexisting adnexa malignancy (CAM) before surgery for patients with G1/G2 endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).Patients with G1/G2 EEC who received surgery in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from 1996 to 2017 were enrolled. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify the predictors for CAM, and the nomogram was constructed and evaluated the discrimination and calibration.Among the 1511 patients in the study cohort, 66 (4.4%) coexisted adnexa malignancy (51 metastatic and 15 synchronous primaries). In the univariate logistic regression analysis, CA125 level (35 U/ml), histologic grades, myometrial invasion depth in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), adnexal involvement in MRI/surgical exploration (SEP) were found to be significant predictors for CAM (P .001, 0.047, 0.011,0.001, respectively). The multivariate analysis demonstrated that high CA125 level (P .001; OR: 2.945; 95%CI: 1.700-5.101), deep myometrial invasion (P = .011; OR: 2.194; 95%CI: 1.200-4.011), and suspected adnexal involvement in MRI/SEP (P .001; OR: 11.524; 95%CI: 6.726-19.744) were independent predictors for CAM (AUC = 0.786). In 338 patients with MMR results, eighty-seven (25.7%) were detected MSI-high. There were 5.7% (5/87) patients diagnosed with CAM in the MSI-high group compared with 4.4% (11/251) in the MSS group.A nomogram with pre- and intra-operative factors was constructed to predict CAM in G1/G2 EEC patients, which may help clinicians in decision-making for ovarian preservation for these patients.

This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of recurrence and invasive disease in patients with extramammary Paget's disease of the vulva (EPDV).We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who were initially diagnosed with EPDV in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center between May 2006 and March 2019.Thirty-eight patients were initially diagnosed with EPDV in our institution. Among them, 29 had intraepithelial EPDV, 8 had intraepithelial EPDV with stromal invasion, and 1 had an underlying vulvar adenocarcinoma. In total, 8 (21%) patients had 12 recurrences. Of these eight patients, four had one recurrence, while other four had two recurrences. Intraepidermal EPDV recurred nine times, while intraepidermal EPDV with invasive disease recurred thrice. The first and second recurrence intervals were 62.1 (9-146) months and 22 (15-28) months, respectively. The rate of invasive disease was 23.7% (9/38) for primary EPDV and 25% (3/12) for recurrent ones. We determined that the presence of invasive disease was associated with a history of more than 10 years (p = 0.02) and inversely correlated with positive margins (p = 0.037), However, invasive disease had no statistical relations with age (p = 0.438), recurrence (p = 0.642), and lesion diameter (p = 0.08).EPDV with a history of more than 10 years was associated with invasive disease. Close and long-term follow-up are recommended to identify those who require further treatment.

Introduction Obesity and overweight are common metabolic disorders, affecting people's physical and psychological health. Auriculotherapy is based on the understanding that the external ear represents all parts of the human body, including the internal organs, and provides acupuncture points corresponding to these parts. Previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have reported the preliminary results of auriculotherapy for weight loss, but the conclusions were controversial. Therefore, this review aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of auricular therapy for obese and overweight patients. Methods We searched 9 databases from their inception to August 1, 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of auriculotherapy concerning obesity and overweight. All analyses were conducted by RevMan5.3. The Cochrane RoB tool and GRADE were used to assess the risk bias and quality of evidence, respectively. Results Eleven RCTs involving 892 patients were included. Auriculotherapy alone or combined with lifestyle modification showed more body mass index (BMI) reduction than no treatment (MD -1.08 kg/m2, 95%CI [-1.29 to -0.86], P Conclusion Both auricular acupuncture and acupressure seemed to be effective for weight loss, particularly for overweight patients. However, the results were inconclusive due to weak evidence, and robust methodological RCTs with appropriate placebo settings are still needed to reconfirm the findings of our review. (PROSPERO ID is CRD42020136827)

To quantify the purine concentrations of the acupoints along the pericardium and nonpericardium meridians under healthy and myocardial ischemia conditions to investigate the relationship between acupoint purine change and body functional status in rats. A total of 70 rats underwent an operation for myocardial ischemia, while 40 of them survived. They were randomly assigned to the following 5 subgroups: Neiguan (PC 6), Quze (PC 3), Tianquan (PC 2), Quchi (LI 11), and Jianyu (LI 15). Simultaneously, another 40 healthy rats were also randomized into the same 5 subgroups as the control group. The tissue fluids at the acupoints were collected by microdialysis for 30 min. Subsequently, the concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and adenosine (ADO) were quantified using the high-performance liquid chromatography method. Compared with the healthy group, the ADO at PC 6 (P=0.012), PC 3 (P=0.038), PC 2 (P=0.024), and LI 15 (P=0.042) obviously increased in the model group, while no significant difference was observed at LI 11 (P=0.201). However, ATP, ADP, and AMP manifested no significant changes in these areas, except for ATP at LI 15 (P=0.036). Myocardial ischemia could induce an increase in ADO at acupoints of the upper arm and shoulder area, suggesting that the body functional status could affect the responsiveness of acupoints. The status of these acupoints could be pathogenically activated by disease, and distribution following some specific courses.

A continuous precipitation method for the synthesis of Ag2CO3/AgBr/Bi2WO6 nanocomposite photocatalyst is proposed. This method has the advantages of simple operation, short reaction time and no heating in the whole reaction process. XRD and HRTEM confirm that the composite is composed of Ag2CO3, AgBr and Bi2WO6. SEM indicates that the composite is nanometer sized and composed of small particles with a particle size of about 20 nm. The separation ability of photogenerated carriers in nanocomposite has been studied by photoluminescence (PL) test. The activity of the photocatalyst has been evaluated by the degradation of methyl blue (MB), methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB). The results show that the photodegradation efficiency of the synthesized Ag2CO3/AgBr/Bi2WO6 nanocomposite on 8 mg/L RhB is 95.1% after 60 min of solar illumination and is still 62.1% after 4 times of recycling. The kinetic constant over Ag2CO3/AgBr/Bi2WO6 nanocomposite photocatalyst (0.03557 min−1) is more than 4.23, 1.23 and 2.23 times larger than over pure Ag2CO3 (0.00841 min−1), Bi2WO6 (0.02887 min−1) and AgBr (0.01595 min−1). The active species in photocatalytic system are ·OH, ·O2– and h+, which are proved by the free radical trapping experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis. The optical absorption properties of the prepared samples has been studied by UV–Vis DRS. The possible photocatalytic mechanism is also proposed.

// Yuqin Zhang 1, * , Tingyan Shi 1, * , Sheng Yin 1 , Sining Ma 1 , Di Shi 1 , Jun Guan 2, 3 , Libing Xiang 4 , Yang Liu 4 , Yulan Ren 4 , Deyan Tan 5 and Rongyu Zang 1 1 Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 2 Department of Gynecology, Tumor Bank Ovarian Cancer, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer, Campus Virchow Clinic, Charite Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany 3 Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom 4 Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China 5 Department of Anatomy, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China * These authors contributed equally to the work Correspondence to: Rongyu Zang, email: ryzang@yahoo.com Keywords: paravesico-vaginal space, nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy, deep uterine vein, terminal ureter, cervical cancer Received: April 11, 2017 Accepted: June 16, 2017 Published: July 05, 2017 ABSTRACT Bladder dysfunction remains a major postoperative challenge for early stage cervical cancer patients. The present prospective phase 2 trial in patients with stage IB1 and IIA1 cervical cancer follows up on our previous, unpublished work describing a new surgical landmark, the paravesico-vaginal space. We describe a novel nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (NSRH) approach to treat early stage cervical cancer without compromising local control rate or survival. Between September 2015 and August 2016, 49 patients were enrolled to receive NSRH. The bladder catheter was routinely removed on postoperative day 4. The primary endpoints were rate of postvoid residual urine volume (PVR) ≤ 50 ml and proportion of patients with successful catheter removal (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02562729). Anatomically, from ventral to dorsal, the terminal ureter, deep uterine vein, and cardinal ligament were the three markers of the paravesico-vaginal space. The median operative time was 100 min, and the median blood loss was 200 ml. Thirty-four patients (69.4%) had successful catheter removal on postoperative day 4, and 17 patients (34.7%) had a PVR ≤ 50 ml. Our results suggest that by accessing the paravesico-vaginal space landmark, the bladder branch of the inferior hypogastric plexus can be completely preserved, contributing to greater NSRH efficiency without compromising outcomes for patients with early stage cervical cancer.

A series of sixteen 2,2′-(arylmethylene)bis(3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-ones) have been prepared in high yield via an ammonium acetate-catalysed three-component reaction of an aromatic aldehyde (1 equiv.) and allomaltol (2 equiv.) in an ionic liquid [bmim+][BF4–]. The reaction work-up is simple and the ionic liquid can be easily separated from the product and reused.