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This research article provides a critical analysis of Constitutional Court Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023, focusing on the serious ethical violations committed by judges during the decision-making process. The study is significant due to the impact these violations have had on the legal field. Employing a literature review combined with a legal philosophical approach, the research utilizes relevant literature to investigate the issues surrounding the decision. The findings reveal that the Constitutional Court's ruling was marred by substantial ethical breaches. Additionally, the analysis highlights various weaknesses in the decision, including problematic motives, methods, processes, and the negative consequences arising from the ruling. Overall, the study underscores that the decision, influenced by serious ethical misconduct, is fraught with numerous issues and deficiencies.

Local Election is considered not to reflect democracy, there are still obstacles in the form of a large percentage of support requirements that make it difficult for independent candidates. Responding to these problems, this study aims to explain the large percentage of support requirements that are burdensome for independent candidates and the importance of independent candidates in the local election. The research method used is literature study with a legal philosophy approach. The data are literature literacy materials related to the research theme. The results showed that the percentage of support for independent candidates in the local election was considered too large. So that it hinders and makes independent candidates unable to become candidates in the elections. This kills the life of democracy that is being built by Indonesia. Whereas the existence of independent candidates is important as a counterweight and a new color giver in the political saturation of the old ways that do not produce quality leaders. It is necessary to change the percentage of support for independent candidates so as not to hinder democracy.

Latar belakang. Sedasi merupakan obat esensial pada perawatan anak sakit kritis, tetapi penggunaan jangka panjang dapat menimbulkan sindrom putus obat. Sampai saat ini belum ada pedoman penyapihan sedasi di unit intensif anak. Tujuan. Mengetahui peran protokol penyapihan sedasi dalam menurunkan kejadian sindrom putus obat. Metode. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui PubMed, Cochrane Library, dan Embase untuk mencari artikel yang relevan. Hasil. Tiga studi memenuhi kriteria eligibilitas, yaitu dua uji klinis terandomisasi dan satu kohort prospektif. Masing-masing memiliki protokol penyapihan sedasi yang berbeda. Meskipun tingkat keabsahannya lemah, penggunaan protokol penyapihan sedasi menggunakan titrasi dan konversi obat bermanfaat dalam menurunkan sindrom putus obat, mempersingkat durasi penyapihan sedasi, dan lama rawat. Kesimpulan. Protokol penyapihan sedasi yang mudah digunakan dengan obat-obatan yang ada di Indonesia perlu dikembangkan.

Abstract Background High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is often used in pediatric populations with respiratory distress. In adults, the respiratory-rate oxygenation (ROX) index is used as a predictor of HFNC therapy; however, children have age-associated differences in respiratory rate, thus may not be applicable to children. This study aims to find the reliability of ROX index and modified P-ROX index as predictors of HFNC therapy failure in pediatric patients. Methods Subjects in this analytical cross-sectional study were taken from January 2023 until November 2023 in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Inclusion criteria are children aged 1 month to 18 years with respiratory distress and got HFNC therapy. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to find mP-ROX index cutoff value as a predictor of HFNC failure. The area under curve (AUC) score of mP-ROX index was assessed at different time point. Results A total of 102 patients, with 70% of the population with pneumonia, were included in this study. There are significant differences in the ROX index between the successful and failed HFNC group therapy (p

OBJECTIVES:. Anemia has been associated with an increased risk of both cardiac arrest and stroke, frequent complications of COVID-19. The effect of hemoglobin level at ICU admission on a composite outcome of cardiac arrest or stroke in an international cohort of COVID-19 patients was investigated. DESIGN:. Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected database. SETTING:. A registry of COVID-19 patients admitted to ICUs at over 370 international sites was reviewed for patients diagnosed with cardiac arrest or stroke up to 30 days after ICU admission. Anemia was defined as: normal (hemoglobin ≥ 12.0 g/dL for women, ≥ 13.5 g/dL for men), mild (hemoglobin 10.0–11.9 g/dL for women, 10.0–13.4 g/dL for men), moderate (hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 and < 10.0 g/dL for women and men), and severe (hemoglobin < 8.0 g/dL for women and men). PATIENTS:. Patients older than 18 years with acute COVID-19 infection in the ICU. INTERVENTIONS:. None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:. Of 6926 patients (median age = 59 yr, male = 65%), 760 patients (11.0%) experienced stroke (2.0%) and/or cardiac arrest (9.4%). Cardiac arrest or stroke was more common in patients with low hemoglobin, occurring in 12.8% of patients with normal hemoglobin, 13.3% of patients with mild anemia, and 16.7% of patients with moderate/severe anemia. Time to stroke or cardiac arrest by anemia status was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression with death as a competing risk. Covariates selected through clinical knowledge were age, sex, comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and cardiac or neurologic conditions), pandemic era, country income, mechanical ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Moderate/severe anemia was associated with a higher risk of cardiac arrest or stroke (hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.05–1.67). CONCLUSIONS:. In an international registry of ICU patients with COVID-19, moderate/severe anemia was associated with increased hazard of cardiac arrest or stroke.

The rapid evolution of technology presents significant challenges in its integration into educational environments. Despite these challenges, interactive multimedia digital learning materials stand out as an effective means to meet educational objectives in high schools. By combining these materials with methodologies like inquiry-based learning, educators can offer a richer and more dynamic learning experience. Therefore, the objective of this research is to develop interactive multimedia with an inquiry-based approach that is suitable for use in education. The research method used in this study is research and development, adopting the Alessi & Trollip model. The research sample consist of 7 people which was media experts, subject matter experts, practitioners (subject teachers), and 42 students. Data collection is conducted through non-test methods such as observation and questionnaires. The research data is then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The research results show that in the alpha testing phase, the developed interactive multimedia received a "Very Good" qualification from the experts and practitioners who acted as validators, with an overall average score of 87%. Meanwhile, the beta testing results with the research subjects, the students, gave a rating of 87% which falls under the "Very Good" qualification. Thus, interactive multimedia with an inquiry-based approach is deemed suitable for use as a learning medium in sociology subjects. This research showed that the inquiry-based multimedia for sociology could be a tool to facilitate learning activities in high schools.

ABSTRACT This paper discusses some comparative analysis between the pattern of economic performances in Asia and Western Europe during 1950s-2020s through political economies perspective. The Asian and Western European economic performances are investigated through some stylized facts in the sense of economic factors. Three analyses are used to explain the general pattern of these regions. First, this study examines the pattern of GDP growth per capita during the 1950s-2020s, focusing on several countries in this region. Second, the analysis captures the pattern of linkages of economic variables in this region related to the principle of Circular and Cumulative causation (CCC) and contradiction. Third, the analysis employs a historical perspective underpinned by the results in the second analysis. This third analysis is crucial to appreciating Asia’s global economic performance and also the process of Western deterioration phenomenon through long wave, including the occurrence recession and financial crises. The institutions of globalization and neoliberalism that put the power of capital promoted a financial crisis several times during the decades of 1980s-2020. The financial crisis is depicted by contradictions in the structural linkages among economic factors in Western Europe over the period.

Objective: Despite being the gold standard for diagnosing hypertension, the utilization of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in clinical practice in Indonesia is still uncommon. This study aims to determine the blood pressure profile of hypertensive patients, with a focus on resistant hypertension (RH), by using ABPM reports and assessing its correlation with CV comorbidities. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 164 ABPM reports of hypertensive patients who were referred for 24-h ABPM at Hasna Medika Palimanan Cardiovascular Hospital, Cirebon. These patients were on one or more antihypertensive medications. Only ABPM with valid readings (at least 70 % successful recording) were included in the study. The final total of ABPM reports that were included is 149. Results: There were 120 (80.5 %) women and 29 (19.5 %) men. The mean age was 57.3 ± 9.3 years. Sixty-four percent of the patients had coronary artery disease (CAD), and 51 % were diagnosed with heart failure (HF). Fifty percent had uncontrolled hypertension, 36 % had a white coat effect, and 13 % of patients had controlled hypertension. A total of 53 (70 %) of uncontrolled hypertensive patients had resistant hypertension. The majority of these patients were women (71.7 %) and under 55 years old (39.6 %). CAD was found to be the most prevalent comorbidity in this group. Conclusion: Resistant hypertension had a high prevalence in this study, with several possible causes. Therefore, RH should be managed more intensively, as it can increase the risk of major cardiovascular events and mortality.

Infections of endoparasites in primates in natural habitats are highly prevalent and can cause disease, reduce health quality, and disrupt their life. This study investigated endoparasites prevalence value in the endangered Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) in Citalahab Forest, Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia, from June to August 2022 by collected fecal samples (N = 10) and analyzed it using floatation methods. As a result, we found five genera of nematodes Trichuris trichiura (10% egg worm prevalence, Oesophagostomum spp. (50%), Trichostrongylus spp. (60%), Ancylostoma spp. (80%), and Strongyloides spp. (100%). The prevalence value of the worms in the larvae stage of Trichostrongylus spp. 20% and Strongyloides spp. 70%. Nematode infection status successively is Strongyloides spp., which is, frequently; Trichostrongylus spp. and Ancylostoma spp., which is, often; Oesophagostomum spp. and Trichuris trichiura which is, occasionally. Four species of nematode were found in both ages, and only Trichuris trichiura was found in one adolescent individual. The threat posed by this parasite deserves attention; further research is needed to fill the gap in our knowledge of their pathogenicity and transmission in Javan gibbon.

Perkembangan teknologi yang pesat membuat kemudahan untuk mengakses data oleh umum sehingga dibutuhkan suatu perlindungan hak cipta guna melindungi hak perihal pemilikan data secara legal. Audio watermarking yang diusulkan menanamkan informasi bit biner ke dalam sebuah media digital berupa audio yang tidak menyebabkan kerusakan pada media yang disisipi informasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi metode DWT dan Histogram. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa audio terwatermark yang mempunyai kualitas tinggi dan tidak menimbulkan dampak berati terhadap sinyal informasi yang telah disisipkan dengan menggunakan parameter Bit Error Ratio (BER). Pada penelitian ini, rata-rata BER yang didapat saat dilakukan serangan LPF adalah 0.07952. Sehingga metode ini mempunyai ketahanan yang tinggi. Sedangkan tanpa serangan watermark dapat terekstrak sempurna tanpa kerusakan dengan BER=0.

Every citizen, including mental hospital patients, has the right to legal protection, as they are vulnerable to experiencing acts of violence by medical personnel. This study aims to analyze the legal protection for people with mental health conditions who once experienced acts of violence committed by medical personnel. This study used sociological research methods with a descriptive qualitative research approach. This study used primary and secondary sources of data. The authors collected data through observation and interviews. The data in this research were analyzed and then described as narrative texts. The results showed that people with mental health conditions could obtain legal protection from acts of violence committed by medical personnel if they truly experienced bad treatment. It ensures that people with mental health conditions obtain their rights as citizens to be equally treated before the law. In undergoing their tasks, medical personnel must follow the SOP (Standard Operating Procedures), which includes prioritizing patient safety and comfort to keep patients from rebelling when their illnesses recur.

Penelitian ini dilakukan karena rendahnya hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 1 Sedeng, pada pembelajaran matematika materi luas dan keliling bangun datar. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan pra siklus, dari 19 siswa, hanya 7 siswa yang tuntas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran matematika dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make a Match pada materi luas dan keliling bangun datar. Metode analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu observasi, wawancara dan tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, penerapan model kooperatif tipe Make a Match dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata siswa, pada pra siklus sebesar 68,6 dengan presentase ketuntasan 37% meningkat pada siklus I menjadi 75,5 dengan presentase ketuntasan 68%. Namun persentase tersebut belum mencapai indikator keberhasilan penelitian sehingga dilanjutkan pada siklus ke II meningkat menjadi 87,8 dengan presentase ketuntasan 79%. Maka dapat disimpulkan terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dalam kedua siklus tersebut.

This report is focused on comparative analysis of the impact of using biodiesel blends containing more than 30% biodiesel in diesel engine filtration systems. The objective of this study is to support the sustainability of the mandatory biodiesel utilization program by more than 30%. To evaluate filterability behavior of high-percentage biodiesel blends, namely B30 and B40 (30 and 40%-vol biodiesel on diesel fuel), the study employed the ASTM D 2068 Filter Blocking Tendency (FBT). After filter rig test, fuel filter pressure was also evaluated using the JIS 1617 standard method. It is important to note that fuel filter plays an important role in removing contaminants from fuel, and, hence, the effect of the difference in filter porosity needs to be observed with pressure difference across fuel filter monitored at the flow rate (0.03 m3/h and fuel temperature (15 ⁰C and 25 ⁰C). Furthermore, the effect of changes in temperature and surface morphology on the characteristics of filter was observed in this study. Based on FBT analysis, a polynomial regression (R2 > 0.98) was used to describe the relationship between FBT value and the effect of biodiesel blends on filterability. It was concluded that the temperature, monoglyceride content, and FAME concentration in the diesel fuel influenced their FBT. However, the rise in waxy particles at 15oC (near Cloud Point) could result in a more significant average pressure drop than at 25⁰C (ambient temperature). It was also found that a higher biodiesel mixture potentially results in a higher-pressure difference due to the lower fuel temperature and the formation of waxy contaminants that can clog filter.

Changes in amino acids and reducing sugars in cocoa beans during fermentation were investigated using a 3 × 3 full complete factorial design using different enzyme additions (cellulase, papain and control–no enzyme) and water bath temperatures (40, 45 and 50 ℃) as variables over three days of fermentation. Aroma precursors (reducing sugars and free amino acids) developed inside the bean by enzymatic mechanisms during fermentation are converted into volatile compounds such as pyrazines and aldehydes during roasting. This study aimed to improve the fermentation process of dried beans by adding acetic acid, heat and enzymes, because there is insufficient pulp for the ideal spontaneous fermentation process. Samples were analyzed for fermentation index, cut bean, reducing sugar amino acid composition and volatile aroma composition profile using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the fermentation index was significantly affected by the addition of enzymes and water temperature. Although amino acids rose to 200%–300%, the composition contained several acidic amino acids because the pH utilized less than 4. Adding cellulase enzymes increases the amount of reducing sugars and amino acids but does not result in the formation of various amino acids.

Abstract Background Shock in children remains the primary cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Furthermore, its management outcome is improved using many hemodynamic parameters, such as cardiac power (CP) and lactate clearance (LC). Cardiac power is a contractility index based on the measurement of flow and pressure, and it is a relatively new hemodynamic parameter with limited studies. In contrast, LC has been proven useful as a target outcome in shock resuscitation. This study aims to explore the values of CP and LC in pediatric shock and their association with clinical outcomes. Methods This prospective observational study was conducted on children (1 month-18 years old) with shock at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia, from April to October 2021. We measured CP using ultrasonic cardiac output monitoring (USCOM®) and serum lactate levels at 0, 1, 6, and 24 h post-initial resuscitation. Subsequently, the variables were described and analyzed with the resuscitation success, length of stay, and mortality. Results A total of 44 children were analyzed. There were 27 (61.4%), 7 (15.9%), 4 (9.1%), 4 (9.1%), and 2 (4.5%) cases of septic, hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive, and obstructive shock, respectively. Within the first 24 h post-initial resuscitation, CP and LC had an increasing trend. Compared to children who had successful resuscitation, those who did not have successful resuscitation had similar CP at all time points (p > 0.05) and lower LC at 1 and 24 h post-initial resuscitation (p

Latar belakang. Kasus demam berdarah dengue masih sering terjadi di berbagai negara termasuk di Indonesia. Perburukan klinis pasien menjadi sindrom syok dengue dapat berlangsung dengan cepat. Selain hemokonsentrasi dan trombositopenia, hiperferitinemia bisa ditemukan pada kasus demam berdarah dengue. Tujuan. Memberikan pemaparan mengenai hiperferitinemia pada infeksi demam dengue Metode. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui Pubmed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Elsevier, dan Google Scholar. Kombinasi kata kunci yang digunakan meliputi dengue hemorrhagic shock, severe dengue, hyperferritinemia, ferritin serum in dengue, marker in dengue. Hasil. Didapatkan studi yang mendukung hiperferitinemia sebagai penanda infeksi dengue berat dan sindrom syok dengue. Kesimpulan. Dapat dipertimbangkan pemeriksaan feritin sebagai indikator derajat keparahan infeksi dengue.

Javan slow loris (Nycticebus javanicus) is one of the endemic wildlife on Java Island. This species owns particular characteristics, including arboreal, solitary, and nocturnal natures. The species is threatened due to habitat loss and illegal trafficking. Nevertheless, their current geographic distribution remains unclear and environmental factors impact on these species is mostly unknown. This study aims to predict the habitat suitability of javan slow loris in the Conservation Management Forest Unit area of Mount Halimun Salak Forest Group. The study employs a species distribution modeling approach using Maximum Entropy. The presence data of javan slow loris was collected from the radio-telemetry devices used in post-release monitoring. The modeling utilizes elevations, distance from the settlements, slopes, and land covered as its environment variables. The result shows that 52% of the study areas, or 54,669 ha are suitable as the habitat of N. javanicus. Since as the largest protected area on Java Island, Gunung Halimun Salak National Park is one of the natural habitats that are pivotal for this species. This study provides essential documentation for developing management strategies within protected areas. Hence, the result of the study could serve as one of the factors in the determination of animal release location in the future.

Introduction: Adequate sedation and analgesia are two crucial factors affecting recovery of intensive care patients. Improper use of sedation and analgesia in intensive care patients may adversely lead to brain oxygen desaturation. This study aims to determine cerebral oxygenation as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and inotropic interventions received among mechanically ventilated children in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods: This study is a nested case − control study in the PICU of Indonesian tertiary hospital. Children aged 1 month to 17 years on mechanical ventilation and were given sedation and analgesia were included in the study. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the protocol of the main study (Clinical Trial ID NCT04788589). Cerebral oxygenation was measured by NIRS at five time points (before sedation, 5-min, 1, 6, and 12 h after sedation). Results: Thirty-nine of the 69 subjects were categorized into the protocol group and the rest were in the control group. A decrease of >20% NIRS values was found among subjects in the protocol group at 5-min (6.7%), 1-h (11.1%), 6-h (26.3%), and 12-h (23.8%) time-point. The mean NIRS value was lower and the inotropic intervention was more common in the control group (without protocol), although not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study found that mechanically ventilated children who received sedation and analgesia based on the protocol had a greater decrease of >20% NIRS values compared to the other group. The use of sedation and analgesia protocols must be applied in selected patients after careful consideration.

The problem in this study is the low activity and student learning outcomes in learning natural sciences. The INTERNAL model integrates Inquiry, Number Head Together, and snowball throwing. This study uses a qualitative approach and the type of classroom action research (CAR), which was held for four meetings. Data analysis in the form of teacher activity sheets, student activity sheets, and student learning outcomes sheets. Data collection techniques in the form of observation and writing tests. The study subjects were the fifth-grade students of SDN Swato 2 Tapin for the academic year 2021/2022, a total of 32 students. The activity success indicator scores 58-72, and student learning outcomes with minimum standards 80%. The study results indicate that the teacher's activity at the first meeting scored 54 with the "Good" criteria, increasing at the fourth meeting with a score of 74 with the "Verry Good" criteria. Student activity classically at the first meeting reached 25" on the "Very Active" criteria, increased at the fourth meeting to 83,3% with the "Very Activity" criteria. Student learning outcomes at the first meeting with 50% classical completeness increased at the fourth meeting with 100% classical completeness. It can be concluded that applying the internal learning model can improve student activities and learning outcomes.

Human resources in an organization is the capital for the organization and its performance is the main indicator for the organization to achieve its goals. In the current digital era, the shift in human resources is demonstrated by the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to organizations in Indonesia, both in companies and in several government organizations. A company has a responsibility to its stakeholders to do the job and get the desired profit. However, no research specifically discusses the analysis of the influence of AI (Machine Learning Algorithm, Deep Learning and Big Data) on Human Capital Management in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the effect of artificial Intelligence (AI) on Human Capital Management in Indonesia. This sample of this study is 85 respondents of organizational leaders and human resource managers (HR) in Indonesia. It can be concluded that adoption of Deep Learning and Big Data has a significant positive impact on Human Capital Management.

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya prestasi matematika siswa. Hal ini disebabkan oleh minimnya aktivitas siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini bagaimana pelaksanaan aktivitas guru dan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model PBL, SR, dan QOD hingga berdampak pada peningkatan prestasi belajar matematika siswa khususnya pada materi kubus dan balok. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam empat kali pertemuan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD Muhammadiyah 6 Banjarmasin. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi aktivitas guru dan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran serta prestasi matematika siswa yang diperoleh dari soal yang diberikan pada akhir pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas guru terlaksana berdasarkan langkah-langkah pembelajaran dengan kategori sangat baik, aktivitas siswa memperoleh kategori sangat aktif dan hampir seluruh siswa sangat aktif di kelas, dan prestasi matematika siswa secara individu maupun kelompok telah memenuhi ketuntasan minimal yang telah ditetapkan yaitu 70 > 82%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran PBL, SR, dan QOD pada muatan matematika materi bangun ruang kubus dan balok mampu terlaksana dengan baik sesuai dengan langkah pembelajaran yang dibuat sehingga meningkatkan aktivitas dan prestasi matematika siswa. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan referensi dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa khususnya dalam pembelajaran matematika.

Pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia mampu meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi siswa yang dapat digunakan dalam menjalin hubungan dengan orang lain. Proses pembelajaran yang tidak bervariasi menyebabkan siswa tidak tertarik dan merasa bosan dengan pelajaran bahasa Indoensia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia keterampilan menulis teks berita siswa kelas VIII SMP Diponegoro 2 Jakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII yang berjumlah 31 anak. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dan kuantitatif berupa data tes menulis teks berita. Sedangkan data kuantitatif berupa pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang diperoleh melalui lembar observasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran audio visual dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks berita siswa kelas VIII SMP Diponegoro 2 Jakarta. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari presentasi hasil tes tindakan siklus I yaitu dari 31 siswa mengikuti tes, sebesar 58% atau sebanyak 18 orang siswa yang mendapat nilai ≥70. Sedangkan hasil tes tindakan pada siklus II dengan presentase 90% atau sebanyak 28 siswa mendapat nilai ≥ 70, sehingga penelitian ini dihentikan pada siklus II karena indikator keberhasilan penelitian telah tercapai yaitu 85%.

Background: Work of breathing (WOB) and non-comorbidities factors in the respiratory system are the two probable findings in pediatric COVID-19 patients. However, the association of those factors with level of care was not well reported. Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relation between potential predictors including comorbidity, low nutritional fulfillment, infectious disease, shock, cough, O2 saturation reduction, abnormal blood gas analysis and sore throat with the level of care among pediatric COVID-19 patients. We also analyzed the synergistic correlation of non-comorbidities factors in the respiratory system and work of breathing to predict level of care in pediatric COVID-19 patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the six referral hospitals from July to September 2020 in four provinces in Indonesia. An observation checklist was used to collect data from the medical records of pediatric patients with COVID-19, including medical diagnosis, demographic, and clinical manifestation. This study included 423 participants aged from 0 to 18. The multivariate logistic regression was performed to test the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between WOB, non-comorbid respiratory, and level of care. Moreover, dummy variables (2x2) were made to analyze synergistic correlation of non-comorbid respiratory disease and WOB. The AOR with the 95% CIs was applied in the association between the complication of non-comorbid respiratory diseases and high work of breathing with level of care among pediatric patients with COVID-19. Results: Results showed that age, presence of comorbidity, nutritional fulfillment, infectious disease, shock, work of breathing, O2 saturation reduction, abnormal blood gas analysis, sore throat, and convulsive meningeal consciousness were significantly associated with the level of care (p

Latar belakang. Tata laksana MIS-C saat ini menggunakan imunoglobulin intravena (IVIG) dan kortikosteroid intravena sebagai dua pilar terapi utama. Mekipun demikian, belum terdapat bukti sahih berupa uji klinis acak terkendali mengenai efektivitas terapi kombinasi tersebut. Klinisi di negara berkembang juga menemui kendala ketersediaan IVIG dan harga yang relatif mahal. Tujuan. Membandingkan efektivitas terapi kombinasi IVIG-kortikosteroid dengan kortikosteroid saja pada kasus MIS-C. Metode. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui Pubmed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Elsevier, dan Google Scholar. Kombinasi kata kunci yang digunakan meliputi MIS-C, guidlines treatment for MIS-C, treatment in MIS-C, IVIG and steroid in MIS-C. Hasil. Didapatkan empat studi yang relevan, 1 laporan kasus, 2 studi kohort, 1 studi observasional yang mendukung bahwa penggunaan kortikosteroid menghasilkan luaran yang sama baiknya dengan pemberian terapi kombinasi IVIG-kortikosteroid dalam tata laksana MIS-C. Kesimpulan. Penggunaan kortikosteroid intravena sebagai terapi tunggal lini pertama pasien dengan MIS-C dapat dipertimbangkan karena menghasilkan luaran yang sama baiknya dengan pemberian kombinasi IVIG dan metilprednisolon.

ABSTRAK UG-Technopark merupakan fasilitas pendukung edukasi yang bertujuan memberikan wawasan dan pengetahuan kepada pengunjungnya dengan metode observasi lapangan. Metode tersebut memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pemahaman pengunjung. Sehingga, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan air mancur di UG-Technopark sebagai daya tarik sekaligus media pembelajaran tentang sistem kendali yang diberi nama “Living Fountainâ€. Penelitian ini melibatkan perancangan dan implementasi sistem kendali pada sebuah kolam air mancur yang dapat dikendalikan secara otomatis atau berdasarkan gerakan tubuh melalui pemrosesan computer vision. Sistem kendali ini menggunakan mikrokontroler arduino mega yang menerima informasi posisi pergelangan tangan dari kamera melalui permprosesan pada perangkat komputer. Living Fountain bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman sistem kendali bagi pengunjung, mahasiswa, dan dosen dengan memberikan pengalaman belajar yang interaktif dan praktis melalui interaksi langsung dengan air mancur yang bergerak dan mengubah warna sesuai dengan interaksi pengunjung. Kata kunci: deteksi objek, kecerdasan buatan, mikrokontroler, sistem kendali, visi komputer  ABSTRACT UG-Technopark is an educational support facility aimed at providing insights and knowledge to its visitors through field observation methods. This method has a significant influence on visitors' understanding. Therefore, this research aims to design and implement a fountain in UG-Technopark as an attraction and a learning medium about control systems, named "Living Fountain". This research involves the design and implementation of a control system for a fountain that can be controlled automatically or based on body movements through computer vision processing. This control system uses an Arduino Mega microcontroller that receives information about wrist position from a camera through processing on a computer device. The Living Fountain aims to enhance the knowledge and understanding of control systems for visitors, students, and professors by providing an interactive and practical learning experience through direct interaction with a moving fountain that changes color based on visitor interactions. Keywords: computer vision, control system, microcontroller, AI, Object Detection

During type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune attack destroys pancreatic β-cells leading to the inability to maintain glucose homeostasis. These β-cells are neuroresponsive endocrine cells which normally secrete insulin partially in response to input from the vagus nerve. This neural pathway can be utilized as a point of therapeutic intervention by delivering exogenous stimulation to drive increased insulin secretion. In this study, a cuff electrode was implanted on the pancreatic branch of the vagus nerve just prior to pancreatic insertion in rats, and a continuous glucose meter was implanted into the descending aorta. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce a diabetic state, and changes in blood glucose were assessed using various stimulation parameters. Stimulation driven changes in hormone secretion, pancreatic blood flow, and islet cell populations were assessed. We found increased changes in the rate of blood glucose change during stimulation which subsided after stimulation ended paired with increased concentration of circulating insulin. We did not observe increased pancreatic perfusion, which suggests that the modulation of blood glucose was due to the activation of b-cells rather than changes in the extra-organ transport of insulin. Pancreatic neuromodulation showed potentially protective effects by reducing deficits in islet diameter, and ameliorating insulin loss after STZ treatment.

This study aims to explain the integral legal thinking which is constructed based on the values of Pancasila. In this study using a literature study research method with a philosophical approach. The data in the research such as; books, journals, articles and various scientific works are collected through library research. The data analysis technique used descriptive, hermeneutic and heuristic analysis. The results of the research show that it is important to make Pancasila an integral legal thinking in Indonesia, because of the strategic position of Pancasila in the life of the nation and legal issues that urgently need reform in accordance with the norms that live and develop in society as reflected in the values of Pancasila. Good law is law that is excavated from authentic sources, namely laws that apply in the real life of everyday people, not foreign laws that are imposed as a result of the colonial legacy. The integral legal thinking of Pancasila is a way of thinking, acting and acting legally based on the values of divinity, humanity, Indonesian unity, deliberation and social justice for all Indonesian people.

Objective: The early outbreak period of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has affected the emergency department (ED) and hospital services in many countries. This study aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 outbreak and in-hospital mortality in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a single-centre referral hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data were collected between May and October 2020. All patients who visited the ED and required inpatient care during the early COVID-19 outbreak period at the study location (March to April 2020) were included in the exposure group. All patients who visited the ED and required inpatient care during the non-outbreak period (March to April 2019) were included in the non-exposure group. In-hospital mortality was the primary outcome, whereas other variables, such as sex, age, triage categories, trauma cases, referral cases, and ED length of stay (LOS), were measured to identify confounding and effect modifications. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess this association. Results: A total of 2,808 patients during the outbreak period and 2,423 patients during the non-outbreak period participated in the study. The odds of in-hospital mortality increased during the outbreak period compared to that during the non-outbreak period (odds ratio [OR], 1.41; 95%CI 1.04–1.91; p = 0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, triage categories, trauma case, ED LOS, and interaction between the outbreak period and ED LOS. Conclusion: COVID-19 outbreaks have been associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality in referral hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Latar belakang. Penyakit refluks gastroesofageal (PRGE) merupakan komorbiditas tersering pada pasien dengan laringomalasia. Banyak studi yang sudah membuktikan adanya hubungan antara PRGE dengan laringomalasia. Namun, sejauh ini belum ada studi yang mempelajari faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi terjadinya laringomalasia pada pasien dengan PRGE. Tujuan. Mengetahui proporsi laringomalasia pada anak dengan PRGE dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi (prematuritas, orang tua dengan riwayat dispepsia, pola makan dan disfungsi neurologis) terjadinya laringomalasia pada anak dengan PRGE. Metode. Merupakan studi prognostik dengan desain potong lintang pada 88 anak dengan diagnosis PRGE yang diambil dari rekam medis RSCM mulai dari tahun 2017 hingga 2020. Analisis data menggunakan chi-square/Fisher and logistic regression. Hasil. Proporsi laringomalasia didapatkan 12,5%. Tidak ada faktor yang memengaruhi terjadinya laringomalasia pada anak dengan PRGE. Namun, penelitian ini melihat adanya kecenderungan terjadinya laringomalasia pada subyek dengan pajanan asap rokok, adanya asupan makanan/minuman tengah malam, palsi serebral, dan pola makan yang tidak sesuai dengan feeding rule. Kesimpulan. Adanya kecenderungan terjadinya laringomalasia pada subyek dengan pajanan asap rokok, adanya asupan makanan/minuman tengah malam, dan pola makan yang tidak sesuai dengan feeding rule.

Susut energi adalah energi yang tidak tersalurkan dari gardu induk kepada konsumen dan menyebabkan kerugian penjualan bagi PT. PLN (persero). Salah satu penyebab kerugian ini adalah anomali pemakaian energi terutama pada pelanggan prioritas dengan daya 16.500 VA keatas, sehingga jumlah yang dibayar pelanggan dengan energi yang digunakan tidak seimbang. Oleh sebab itu dilakukan upaya penurunan susut non teknis tersebut mengunakan sistem AMR (Automatic Meter Reading). Ketidaknormalan pengukuran energi pada pelanggan prioritas dengan sistem AMR dapat dilihat dari diagram fasornya yang menunjukan tegangan phasa S tidak terukur dan bernilai 0 yang disebabkan oleh error pada sistem pengukuran tegangan kWh meternya, sehingga dilakukan pengantian kWh untuk menghindari kerugian yang tidak tercatat oleh sistem AMR. Selain itu juga dapat diketahui dengan menganalisa tagihan rekening listrik yang menurun setiap bulannya. Dari penelitian yang telah penulis lakukan, terdapat 1 pelanggan prioritas dengan daya 16.500 VA yang mengalami kelainan dalam pengunaan energi listrik yang disebabkan oleh kerusakan kWh sehingga tidak dapat mengukur arus. Pelanggan yang mengalami hal ini adalah pelanggan dengan ID Pel 132541280395. Tagihan susulan yang didapat adalah sebesar 811.669 kWh atau dirupiahkan sebesar Rp. 11.909.456.

PURPOSEIn 2016, there were 1,308,061 cases of cancer being treated in Indonesia, with 2.2 trillion rupiahs spent, amounting to $486,960,633 in US dollars (purchasing power parity 2016). The high burden of cancers in Indonesia requires a valid data collection to inform future cancer-related policies. The purpose of this study is to report cancer epidemiological data from 2008 to 2012 based on Hospital-Based Cancer Registry (HBCR) data from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.METHODSThis was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. Data were collected from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital HBCR 2008-2012. Demographical, diagnostic, stages of cancer, and histopathological types of cancer data were extracted.RESULTSAfter screening, 18,216 cases were included. A total of 12,438 patients were older than 39 years of age (68.3%), with a female-to-male ratio of 9:5. Most patients have cancers at advanced stages (stages III and IV, 10.2%). The most common sites of cancer were cervix uteri (2,878 cases, 15.8%), breast (2,459 cases, 13.5%), hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial systems (1,422 cases, 7.8%), nasopharynx (1,338 cases, 7.4%), and lymph nodes (1,104 cases, 6.1%).CONCLUSIONFrom this HBCR, cancer incidence in female was almost twice the incidence in male, largely because of the burden of cervical and breast cancers. The cervix uteri as one of the top five cancer sites based on this HBCR, 2008-2012, are still approximately consistent with Global Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence 2018, which portrayed that Indonesia has been severely afflicted by cervical cancer cases more than any other Association of Southeast Asian Nations countries. The HBCR could serve as a robust database of epidemiological data for cancer cases in Indonesia.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a one-rod levonorgestrel implant on the blood chemistry profile, including random blood glucose (RBG), haemoglobin (Hb), alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), and the lipid profile, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides. This prospective cohort study was conducted at Raden Saleh Clinic, Jakarta, from 2010 to 2012. The implants were inserted subdermally in 30 patients. The subjects were evaluated every 6 month up to 2 years. Bivariate analysis using t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed for all variables. p

Background The mortality rate for children with septic shock is stil quite high in low-income and middle-income countries (31.7%). One of the most widely used scoring systems to assess mortality in sepsis or septic shock is Paediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction 2 (PELOD-2). However, it requires various laboratory evaluations. A non-invasive, fast and easy method is needed to assess the mortality of children with septic shock at an early stage. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the ability of Vascular Reactivity Index (VRI) compared with PELOD-2 score as a predictor of mortality in children with septic shock based on vascular response to vasoactive agents.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from children aged 1 month to 18 years with septic shock treated in the ER and paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of the tertiary hospital from 2017 to 2021. The serial haemodynamic data were analysed including Systemic Vascular Resistant Index (SVRI) and the cardiac index from ultrasound cardiac output monitoring device was recorded in the first and sixth hours after the diagnosis of septic shock. The VRI was determined by dividing SVRI/Vasoactive Inotropic Score (ie, accumulated doses of dopamine, dobutamine, epinephrine, milrinone, vasopressin and norepinephrine). The receiver operating curve was used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of each cut-off point.Results A total of 68 subjects fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the median age was 54 months with a range of 2–204 months and the mortality rate was 47%. The majority of the patients who died were found in the high cardiac index and low SVRI group (17.6%). Moreover, the optimum cut-off point of VRI was obtained to predict mortality in septic shock of 32.1, with 87.5% sensitivity and 88.9% specificity. The AUC for predicting death using VRI was 95% (95% CI 90% to 100%, p

Introduction: Beach sand is one of the widely used aggregates in construction, especially in coastal areas. However, beach sand contains a hidden risk, namely radioactive hazards. This research will analyze the radioactive activity of nuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K on beach sand and calculate the health risk potential in radiation exposure to the household. Methods: Beach sands sampling was carried out on Madura Island, Bali, and Lombok in 2016. All samples were ovensifted and then put into Marinelli to be chopped using high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray detectors for three days. Results and Discussion: The average of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K radionuclide activity on the beach sand in Madura were respectively 31.46 Bq/kg, 40.12 Bq/kg, and 334.04 Bq/ kg; in Bali were 25.10 Bq/kg, 7.71 Bq/kg, and 165.15. Bq/kg; and in Lombok the amount is 25.88 Bq/kg, 8.25 Bq/kg and 171.99 Bq/kg. The calculation of the radium equivalent (Raeq) value on beach sand in Madura, Bali, and Lombok has the highest value of 132.72 Bq/kg, 54.06 Bq/kg, and 55.92 Bq/kg. The gamma index (I) in Madura, Bali, and Lombok was 1.02; 0.39; and 0.40. For the calculation of Hex and Hin in Madura, Bali, and Lombok, the highest were 0.38; 0.15; 0.15; and 0.48; 0.23; 0.24. Conclusion: The activity of the three types of natural radionuclides from the three regions is still below the threshold value. Analysis of potential health risks showed in the gamma index value (I) indicator, which exceeds the safe threshold in the Madura beach sand sample.

Background: The incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still increasing rapidly, but little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of fatal cases in children in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of children with COVID-19 with fatal outcomes in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data collected from the medical records of patients with COVID-19 admitted to Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia from March to October 2020. Results: During the study period, 490 patients were admitted and diagnosed with suspected and probable COVID-19. Of these patients, 50 (10.2%) were confirmed to have COVID-19, and 20 (40%) had a fatal outcome. The fatality rate was higher in patients aged ≥10 years, categorized with severe disease upon admission, PaO2/FiO2 ratio ≤300 mmHg and chronic underlying diseases. The most common clinical manifestations were generalized symptoms, while acute respiratory distress syndrome (8/20) and septic shock (7/20) were the two most common causes of death. Increased procalcitonin, D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase and presepsin levels were found in all fatal cases. One patient met the criteria of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Conclusion: Our work highlights the high mortality rate in paediatric patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test. These findings might be related to or co-incided with COVID-19 infection. Further studies are needed to improve understanding of the role of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in elaborating the mechanisms leading to death in children with comorbidities.

This study aims to explain social reality as the authenticity of Indonesian law and criticism of legal positivism in the legislation. This study using a literature study research method with a legal philosophy approach. Data obtained from the results of literature studies on several scientific works related to the theme of the problem. Data analysis was performed using descriptive, evaluative methods. The results of the research show that there is an incorrect understanding of the law in society. This is because the legal system used in Indonesia still refers to the legacy of the Dutch colonialists. Law is only understood as mere legislation. Apart from that, it is not considered law, such as social realities in people's lives. Laws must be written and issued by state institutions, not norms that arise from social life in society. The law's impact is dry from the social values of society so that the law is far from the sense of justice that is expected by the community. This study is expected to provide benefits to uphold the authentic Indonesian legal sovereignty that originates from the social realities of society. So that Indonesia is free from the bad influence of the legacy of the Dutch colonial legal system because the social reality of society is the original form of Indonesian law.

Pemilihan jurusan di SMA/MA pada dasanya memerlukan pertimbangan yang sangat matang, dikarenakan pemilihan jurusan merupakan langkah awal dalam menentukan karir siswa untuk masa yang akan datang. Dalam menangani proses pemilihan jurusan biasanya dilakukan oleh bagian kesiswaan dan prosesnya dimulai saat para calon siswa mendaftar, siswa nantinya akan diberikan kesempatan untuk memilih jurusan yang mereka inginkan, namun pilihan dari siswa tersebut tidak sepenuhnya menjadi keputusan mutlak. Bagian kesiswaan menentukan jurusan para calon siswa berdasarkan nilai raport SMP/MTS, nilai UN SMP/MTS, rekomendasi guru BK di SMP/MTS, hasil tes penempatan di SMA, dan tes bakat dan minat oleh psikotes serta kuota yang tersedia di jurusan yang dikehendaki. Tujuan penelitian adalah agar siswa-siswi Madarasah Aliyah Negeri 2 dapat menentukan jurusannya. Pengujian dalam pemilihan jurusan menggunakan sistem pendukung keputusan metode MOORA, yang mana metode MOORA dapat memecahkan masalah dengan perhitungan matematika yang kompleks. Dari pengujian metode MOORA tersebut dapat dihasilkan dari populasi dan sampel yang di implementasikan mendapatkan jurusan masing-masing sesuai dengan penilaian metode MOORA. Abstract The selection of majors in SMA/MA basically requires very careful consideration, because the selection of majors is the first step in determining students' careers for the future. In handling the selection process, the department is usually carried out by the student department and the process begins when prospective students register, students will be given the opportunity to choose the major they want, but the choice of the student is not entirely an absolute decision. The student department determines the majors of prospective students based on the report scores of SMP/MTS, SMP/MTS UN scores, BK teacher recommendations in SMP/MTS, high school placement test results, and interest by psychological tests and the available quotas in talented majors. The purpose of this research is that the students of Madarasa Aliyah Negeri 2 can determine their major. The test in the selection of majors uses a decision support system using the MOORA method, in which the MOORA method can solve problems with complex mathematical calculations. From testing the MOORA method, it can be generated from the population and the sample implemented to get their respective majors in accordance with the assessment of the MOORA method.

The increase in borderless digital-based business competition shows how language education is impacted by neoliberalism in this global era. We explore how linguistic technopreneurship (LT) roles is increasingly constructed as a form of linguistic entrepreneurship to exploit language-related resources to enhance one's socioeconomic value strategically. This research aims to critically examine the influence of LT toward business success digitalization for Small Medium Enterprises in West Java and it's implication for Language Education. The research also focusing on the creation of novelty, namely linguistic technopreneurship (LT), which is a refinement of entrepreneurial linguistics (EL). LT is expected to be able to explain how linguistic entrepreneurship can be indexed from two different aspects, namely how to package language education and digital business success. We then discuss under what conditions the notion of linguistic technopreneurship can be applied to digital platform-based business settings and what kind of contradictions this gives rise to. The method used is quantitative, and it involves carrying out SEM analysis. A non-probability sampling technique was used to obtain a minimum of 250 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and Industry owners who run their businesses through digital platforms in West Java province, which is the province with the most significant number of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and Industries in Indonesia. The research results show that LT significantly influences the success of business success and impact the language education practice. It can be concluded that language education is an added value for a person and influences socioeconomic success.

This paper is a study of research results that aims to explain the birth of local autonomy from the results of constitutional reform as a form of governance following the community's aspirations. In the past, the problem of the centralized government system did not provide opportunities for regions to regulate and manage their regional government. It was considered undemocratic and did not bring progress to the people in the regions. Therefore, significant changes to the government system in the most aspirational areas through local autonomy are needed. This study, using a normative juridical research method with a philosophical approach. The research results obtained an understanding of the existence of local autonomy as a form of constitutional reform, which is the aspiration of the will of the people in the regions. With the constitutional reform, the system has changed to become decentralized. It has a closer relationship with the people in the regions and can understand the needs of the lower classes. The constitution, with its amendments, can create a democratic system of government and ensure public participation in the life of the state.

Pro-environmental behavior is a solution to overcome environmental problems. Plastic straw waste, which was produced majorly from restaurant’s consumption, has been identified as one of the causes of the environmental damage. This research was conducted to examine the moderation effect of social norms to plastic straw usage among restaurant visitors. The uantitative method was used by using self-report questionnaires to measure descriptive norm, injunctive norm, and personal involvement. Data were collected from 106 respondents whose ages ranged from 18 to 54 years with the proportion of 44% male and 66% female. This study has four hypotheses, namely the injunctive norm moderates the relationship between descriptive norm and pro-environment behavior, personal involvement moderates the relationship between descriptive norm and pro-environmental behavior, descriptive norm moderates the relationship between injunctive norm and pro-environmental behavior, and personal involvement moderates the relationship between injunctive norm and pro-environmental behavior. Statistical analysis using IBM SPSS with the add-on PROCESS Hayes 3.4 was used to test the moderation effect. The study found that there are no significant results from the four hypotheses. Although all hypotheses were not proven, the descriptive norm was proved to have a moderation effect to relationship between the injunctive norm and pro-environmental behavior when the score of descriptive norms is moderate or high. Hence, injunctive norm has potential to increase pro-environment behavior when it is moderated by moderate or high levels of descriptive norm. Keywords: Descriptive norm, injunctive norm, personal involvement, pro- environmental behavior Abstrak: Perilaku peduli lingkungan adalah solusi untuk mengatasi masalah lingkungan. Salah satu penyebab masalah lingkungan dengan begitu banyaknya sampah sedotan plastik. Penelitian ini menguji interaksi moderasi dari norma sosial dan keterlibatan personal terhadap perilaku peduli lingkungan pada pengunjung restoran terkait penggunaan sedotan plastik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif terhadap 106 responden dengan rentang usia dari 18 – 54 tahun dan proporsi gender pria 44% dan perempuan 66%. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah alat ukur norma deskriptif, norma injungtif, dan keterlibatan personal. Penelitian ini menguji empat hipotesis, yakni; norma injungtif memoderasi norma deskriptif terhadap perilaku peduli lingkungan, keterlibatan personal memoderasi norma deskriptif terhadap perilaku peduli lingkungan, norma deskriptif memoderasi norma injungtif terhadap perilaku peduli lingkungan, dan keterlibatan personal memoderasi norma injungtif terhadap terhadap perilaku peduli lingkungan. Analisis statistik menggunakan IBM SPSS dengan add-on PROCESS Hayes 3.4 untuk melihat efek moderasi tersebut. Hasilnya, keempat hipotesis tidak terbukti. Meskipun keempat hipotesis ditolak tetapi norma deskriptif, ketika berada nilai moderat dan tinggi, memiliki pengaruh interaksi dalam memoderasi peran norma injungtif terhadap perilaku peduli lingkungan, Sehingga norma injungtif yang dimoderasi oleh norma deskriptif berpotensi untuk meningkatkan perilaku peduli lingkungan.

Background: The incidence of post-covid-19 syndrome is quite high and requires further monitoring after the patient is discharged from treatment. So we need a proper monitoring method and description of the Covid-19 syndrome in Indonesia. Methods: This retrospective cohort study with total sampling method uses data from medical records and telemedicine observations of confirmed COVID-19 patients who received treatment in the Kiara room at Cipto Mangunkusumo. The data were then analyzed using chi-squared and multinomial logistic regression techniques. Results: A total of 133 samples were used, including 44.4% male and 55.6% female, with an average age Standard Deviation (SD) of 40.36 (17.94). The severity levels of Covid-19 were mild (66.9%). The most common post-Covid-19 symptom manifestations was cough expressed at the first follow-up (first week after recovery) and second follow-up (the fourth week after recovery). Furthermore, the significant relationship between severity levels and post-Covid-19 symptomatic syndrome outcomes is the critical headache or vertigo symptoms with an RR of 8.70 (95% CI, 1.10-68.69,). In comparison, the telemedicine quality assessment was declared good, as shown by 98.7% of an examined sample. Conclusion: The most manifestation shown in the first and fourth week of follow-up is cough. Other symptoms tend to decrease in the second follow-up. The severity level associated with post-Covid-19 manifestations are severe-critical with headache or vertigo as a risk factor and mild with symptoms of headache or vertigo as a preventative. Meanwhile, the quality of telemedicine services was recognized as good by the majority of the sample.

BackgroundAll sectors are affected due to COVID-19 pandemic occurring worldwide, including the education industry. School closure had been taking place for more than a year in Indonesia. Despite the controversies, Indonesian government had decided to begin school reopening.ObjectivesThis study aims to assess parental readiness for school reopening, and factors affecting parental attitude toward school reopening.MethodsA cross-sectional study using online questionnaire distributed via official Indonesian Pediatric Society (IPS) official social media account collected between March and April 2021. The questionnaire contained the general characteristics of study participants, parents' knowledge, and perspectives on COVID-19, and health protocols for school reopening.ResultsA total of 17,562 responses were collected, of which 55.7% parents were ready to send their children to school should school reopens. Factors significantly contribute to parental decision to keep their child at home were: presence of vulnerable population at home [OR = 1.18 (1.10–1.27), p < 0.001], children with comorbidities [OR = 2.56 (2.29–2.87), p < 0.001], perception of COVID-19 as a dangerous disease [OR = 28.87 (14.29–58.33), p < 0.001], experience with COVID-19 positive cases in the community [OR = 1.75 (1.61–1.90), p < 0.001], COVID-19 related death in the community [OR = 2.05 (1.90–2.21), P < 0.001], approval for adult COVID-19 vaccination [OR = 1.69 (1.53–1.87), p < 0.001], and ownership of private transportation [OR = 1.46 (1.30–1.66), p

Abstract The study of controlled methods of cocoa fermentation on a small scale is important to assess the maintenance of heat generated in the last days of fermentation. The research aimed to study the impact of spontaneous fermentation in controlled fermentation systems on the quality and acceptability of fermented cocoa beans. A 2×3 complete factorial design used different controlled fermentation systems (jacket system, solar heater and wooden box) and pulp reduction as variables. Samples were analyzed for fermentation index and volatile aroma composition profile using Headspace-Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The profile of volatile compounds is evaluated for the studied variables using a multivariate Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The results showed increasing fermentation times in the jacket system seeing that it raised the fermentation rate and accelerated it to five days of fermentation combined with pulp reduction. The PCA analysis showed differences in the chemical composition of volatile compounds that were mainly associated with the reduction of the pulping process than the type of controlled system in four days of fermentation.