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2. Usability Evaluation of a Tablet-Based Intervention to Prevent Intradialytic Hypotension in Dialysis Patients During In-Clinic Dialysis: Mixed Methods Study

Author

Willis, Matthew, Brand Hein, Leah, Hu, Zhaoxian, Saran, Rajiv, Argentina, Marissa, Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer, Krein, Sarah L, Gillespie, Brenda, Zheng, Kai, and Veinot, Tiffany C

Subjects
Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

BackgroundPatients on hemodialysis receive dialysis thrice weekly for about 4 hours per session. Intradialytic hypotension (IDH)—low blood pressure during hemodialysis—is a serious but common complication of hemodialysis. Although patients on dialysis already participate in their care, activating patients toward IDH prevention may reduce their risk of IDH. Interactive, technology-based interventions hold promise as a platform for patient activation. However, little is known about the usability challenges that patients undergoing hemodialysis may face when using tablet-based informatics interventions, especially while dialyzing. ObjectiveThis study aims to test the usability of a patient-facing, tablet-based intervention that includes theory-informed educational modules and motivational interviewing–based mentoring from patient peers via videoconferencing. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, mixed methods usability evaluation of the tablet-based intervention by using think-aloud methods, field notes, and structured observations. These qualitative data were evaluated by trained researchers using a structured data collection instrument to capture objective observational data. We calculated descriptive statistics for the quantitative data and conducted inductive content analysis using the qualitative data. ResultsFindings from 14 patients cluster around general constraints such as the use of one arm, dexterity issues, impaired vision, and lack of experience with touch screen devices. Our task-by-task usability results showed that specific sections with the greatest difficulty for users were logging into the intervention (difficulty score: 2.08), interacting with the quizzes (difficulty score: 1.92), goal setting (difficulty score: 2.28), and entering and exiting videoconference rooms (difficulty score: 2.07) that are used to engage with peers during motivational interviewing sessions. ConclusionsIn this paper, we present implications for designing informatics interventions for patients on dialysis and detail resulting changes to be implemented in the next version of this intervention. We frame these implications first through the context of the role the patients’ physical body plays when interacting with the intervention and then through the digital considerations for software and interface interaction.

Published
2021
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5. Britain in Bahrain in 2011

Author

Willis, Matthew

Subjects
BAHRAIN - Foreign Relations - Great Britain, GREAT BRITAIN - Foreign Relations - Bahrain
Abstract

illus bibliog

Published
2012

8. Outbreak Associated with SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant in an Elementary School - Marin County, California, May-June 2021.

Author

Lam-Hine, Tracy, McCurdy, Stephen, Santora, Lisa, Duncan, Lael, Corbett-Detig, Russell, Kapusinszky, Beatrix, and Willis, Matthew

Subjects
Adult, COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines, California, Child, Contact Tracing, Disease Outbreaks, Humans, Masks, SARS-CoV-2, School Teachers, Schools
Abstract

On May 25, 2021, the Marin County Department of Public Health (MCPH) was notified by an elementary school that on May 23, an unvaccinated teacher had reported receiving a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The teacher reported becoming symptomatic on May 19, but continued to work for 2 days before receiving a test on May 21. On occasion during this time, the teacher read aloud unmasked to the class despite school requirements to mask while indoors. Beginning May 23, additional cases of COVID-19 were reported among other staff members, students, parents, and siblings connected to the school. To characterize the outbreak, on May 26, MCPH initiated case investigation and contact tracing that included whole genome sequencing (WGS) of available specimens. A total of 27 cases were identified, including that of the teacher. During May 23-26, among the teachers 24 students, 22 students, all ineligible for vaccination because of age, received testing for SARS-CoV-2; 12 received positive test results. The attack rate in the two rows seated closest to the teachers desk was 80% (eight of 10) and was 28% (four of 14) in the three back rows (Fishers exact test; p = 0.036). During May 24-June 1, six of 18 students in a separate grade at the school, all also too young for vaccination, received positive SARS-CoV-2 test results. Eight additional cases were also identified, all in parents and siblings of students in these two grades. Among these additional cases, three were in persons fully vaccinated in accordance with CDC recommendations (1). Among the 27 total cases, 22 (81%) persons reported symptoms; the most frequently reported symptoms were fever (41%), cough (33%), headache (26%), and sore throat (26%). WGS of all 18 available specimens identified the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant. Vaccines are effective against the Delta variant (2), but risk of transmission remains elevated among unvaccinated persons in schools without strict adherence to prevention strategies. In addition to vaccination for eligible persons, strict adherence to nonpharmaceutical prevention strategies, including masking, routine testing, facility ventilation, and staying home when symptomatic, are important to ensure safe in-person learning in schools (3).

Published
2021

9. Feeling better on hemodialysis: user-centered design requirements for promoting patient involvement in the prevention of treatment complications

Author

Willis, Matthew A, Hein, Leah Brand, Hu, Zhaoxian, Saran, Rajiv, Argentina, Marissa, Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer, Krein, Sarah L, Gillespie, Brenda, Zheng, Kai, and Veinot, Tiffany C

Subjects
Prevention, Bioengineering, Kidney Disease, Assistive Technology, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Research, 7.1 Individual care needs, Management of diseases and conditions, Good Health and Well Being, Focus Groups, Humans, Hypotension, Patient Participation, Renal Dialysis, User-Centered Design, Information and Computing Sciences, Engineering, Medical and Health Sciences, Medical Informatics
Abstract

ObjectiveHemodialysis patients frequently experience dialysis therapy sessions complicated by intradialytic hypotension (IDH), a major patient safety concern. We investigate user-centered design requirements for a theory-informed, peer mentoring-based, informatics intervention to activate patients toward IDH prevention.MethodsWe conducted observations (156 hours) and interviews (n = 28) with patients in 3 hemodialysis clinics, followed by 9 focus groups (including participatory design activities) with patients (n = 17). Inductive and deductive analyses resulted in themes and design principles linked to constructs from social, cognitive, and self-determination theories.ResultsHemodialysis patients want an informatics intervention for IDH prevention that collapses distance between patients, peers, and family; harnesses patients' strength of character and resolve in all parts of their life; respects and supports patients' individual needs, preferences, and choices; and links "feeling better on dialysis" to becoming more involved in IDH prevention. Related design principles included designing for: depth of interpersonal connections; positivity; individual choice and initiative; and comprehension of connections and possible actions.DiscussionFindings advance the design of informatics interventions by presenting design requirements for outpatient safety and addressing key design opportunities for informatics to support patient involvement; these include incorporation of behavior change theories. Results also demonstrate the meaning of design choices for hemodialysis patients in the context of their experiences; this may have applicability to other populations with serious illnesses.ConclusionThe resulting patient-facing informatics intervention will be evaluated in a pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial in 28 hemodialysis facilities in 4 US regions.

Published
2021

10. Second-Order Solution for Relative Motion on Eccentric Orbits in Curvilinear Coordinates

Author

Willis, Matthew, Alfriend, Kyle T., and D'Amico, Simone

Subjects
Mathematics - Dynamical Systems
Abstract

A new, second-order solution in curvilinear coordinates is introduced for the relative motion of two spacecraft on eccentric orbits. The second-order equations for unperturbed orbits are derived in spherical coordinates with true anomaly as the independent variable, and solved by the method of successive approximations. A comparison of error trends against eccentricity and inter-spacecraft separation is presented between the new solution and prominent Cartesian, curvilinear, and orbital element based solutions from the literature. The second-order curvilinear solution offers a thousand-fold improvement in accuracy over the first-order curvilinear solution, and still greater improvement over first- and second-order rectilinear solutions when large along-track separations are present., Comment: Presented at 2019 AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference

Published
2019

11. Genomic surveillance reveals multiple introductions of SARS-CoV-2 into Northern California

Author

Deng, Xianding, Gu, Wei, Federman, Scot, du Plessis, Louis, Pybus, Oliver G, Faria, Nuno, Wang, Candace, Yu, Guixia, Bushnell, Brian, Pan, Chao-Yang, Guevara, Hugo, Sotomayor-Gonzalez, Alicia, Zorn, Kelsey, Gopez, Allan, Servellita, Venice, Hsu, Elaine, Miller, Steve, Bedford, Trevor, Greninger, Alexander L, Roychoudhury, Pavitra, Starita, Lea M, Famulare, Michael, Chu, Helen Y, Shendure, Jay, Jerome, Keith R, Anderson, Catie, Gangavarapu, Karthik, Zeller, Mark, Spencer, Emily, Andersen, Kristian G, MacCannell, Duncan, Paden, Clinton R, Li, Yan, Zhang, Jing, Tong, Suxiang, Armstrong, Gregory, Morrow, Scott, Willis, Matthew, Matyas, Bela T, Mase, Sundari, Kasirye, Olivia, Park, Maggie, Masinde, Godfred, Chan, Curtis, Yu, Alexander T, Chai, Shua J, Villarino, Elsa, Bonin, Brandon, Wadford, Debra A, and Chiu, Charles Y

Subjects
Pneumonia, Lung, Infectious Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Related, Pneumonia & Influenza, Prevention, Biodefense, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, California, Coronavirus Infections, Epidemiological Monitoring, Genome, Viral, Humans, Pandemics, Phylogeny, Pneumonia, Viral, SARS-CoV-2, Sequence Alignment, Ships, Travel, Washington, General Science & Technology
Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally, with >365,000 cases in California as of 17 July 2020. We investigated the genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Northern California from late January to mid-March 2020, using samples from 36 patients spanning nine counties and the Grand Princess cruise ship. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the cryptic introduction of at least seven different SARS-CoV-2 lineages into California, including epidemic WA1 strains associated with Washington state, with lack of a predominant lineage and limited transmission among communities. Lineages associated with outbreak clusters in two counties were defined by a single base substitution in the viral genome. These findings support contact tracing, social distancing, and travel restrictions to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in California and other states.

Published
2020

12. A Genomic Survey of SARS-CoV-2 Reveals Multiple Introductions into Northern California without a Predominant Lineage

Author

Deng, Xianding, Gu, Wei, Federman, Scot, du Plessis, Louis, Pybus, Oliver G, Faria, Nuno, Wang, Candace, Yu, Guixia, Pan, Chao-Yang, Guevara, Hugo, Sotomayor-Gonzalez, Alicia, Zorn, Kelsey, Gopez, Allan, Servellita, Venice, Hsu, Elaine, Miller, Steve, Bedford, Trevor, Greninger, Alexander L, Roychoudhury, Pavitra, Starita, Lea M, Famulare, Michael, Chu, Helen Y, Shendure, Jay, Jerome, Keith R, Anderson, Catie, Gangavarapu, Karthik, Zeller, Mark, Spencer, Emily, Andersen, Kristian G, MacCannell, Duncan, Paden, Clinton R, Li, Yan, Zhang, Jing, Tong, Suxiang, Armstrong, Gregory, Morrow, Scott, Willis, Matthew, Matyas, Bela T, Mase, Sundari, Kasirye, Olivia, Park, Maggie, Chan, Curtis, Yu, Alexander T, Chai, Shua J, Villarino, Elsa, Bonin, Brandon, Wadford, Debra A, and Chiu, Charles Y

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Lung, Infectious Diseases, Biotechnology, Prevention, Biodefense, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Related, Aetiology, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Infection, Good Health and Well Being
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread globally, resulting in >300,000 reported cases worldwide as of March 21st, 2020. Here we investigate the genetic diversity and genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Northern California using samples from returning travelers, cruise ship passengers, and cases of community transmission with unclear infection sources. Virus genomes were sampled from 29 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection from Feb 3rd through Mar 15th. Phylogenetic analyses revealed at least 8 different SARS-CoV-2 lineages, suggesting multiple independent introductions of the virus into the state. Virus genomes from passengers on two consecutive excursions of the Grand Princess cruise ship clustered with those from an established epidemic in Washington State, including the WA1 genome representing the first reported case in the United States on January 19th. We also detected evidence for presumptive transmission of SARS-CoV-2 lineages from one community to another. These findings suggest that cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Northern California to date is characterized by multiple transmission chains that originate via distinct introductions from international and interstate travel, rather than widespread community transmission of a single predominant lineage. Rapid testing and contact tracing, social distancing, and travel restrictions are measures that will help to slow SARS-CoV-2 spread in California and other regions of the USA.

Published
2020

13. Understanding reasons for delay in diagnosis of leprosy in Pakistan: A qualitative study.

Author

Fastenau, Anil, Beresford, Maxwell Oliver, Willis, Matthew, Stuetzle, Sophie CW., Schlumberger, Fabian, and Duighuisen, Heleen Neeltje Willemijn

Abstract

Background: Recent epidemiological data shows significant rates of grade 2 disability at point-of-diagnosis among new leprosy cases in Pakistan. This indicates a feature of extensive diagnostic delay; the disability burden appears unmoving and disproportionate to the falling leprosy incidence rates. Therefore, this study was required to understand reasons for delay in diagnosis and treatment of leprosy. Methods: A qualitative design of 7 semi-structured interviews was employed to reveal perceptions and understandings of various leprosy stakeholders in Pakistan, termed "leprosy experts". Subsequent inductive analysis was used to identify themes and subthemes concerned with delay in the diagnosis and treatment of leprosy. Results: Leprosy experts identified three main areas, or domains, to which delay can be attributed: 1. Awareness and beliefs about leprosy, within the general population, 2. Knowledge and clinical experience of leprosy, among healthcare professionals, 3. Leprosy control program infrastructure, allocation of resources and institutional funding. These domains were each viewed as consequent to the larger theme of 'low-endemicity'. Strong correlations between diagnostic delay and socioeconomic status, gender, geography and health system challenges, were also mentioned, and which intersected the three major themes. Conclusion: Reasons for diagnostic delay are evident in all tiers of the healthcare hierarchy in Pakistan. Thus, an approach at multiple levels is justified, to improve the general awareness of leprosy, education of healthcare professionals, and organizational structuring. Additionally, cultural features relevant to different communities in Pakistan which might be different from other care access frameworks demonstrated a need for further study into the health beliefs of Pakistani patients in a wide range of communities. Author summary: This study addresses the persistent issue of diagnostic delay in leprosy cases in Pakistan, where grade 2 disability remains prevalent at the point of diagnosis, despite declining incidence rates. Through qualitative analysis, seven semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, termed "leprosy experts," were conducted to explore the underlying factors contributing to these delays. The findings identified three primary domains responsible for the diagnostic delay: (1) low awareness and misconceptions about leprosy in the general population, (2) inadequate knowledge and clinical experience of leprosy among healthcare professionals, and (3) deficiencies in the leprosy control program, including infrastructure, resources, and funding. These factors were found to be influenced by the broader context of low-endemicity.' Additionally, correlations between diagnostic delays and variables such as socioeconomic status, gender, geography, and systemic health challenges were highlighted. The study concludes that diagnostic delays in leprosy affect all levels of the healthcare system in Pakistan. Therefore, a multi-faceted approach is necessary, involving raising public awareness, enhancing healthcare professionals' education, and improving organizational structures. The cultural differences within Pakistan also warrant further research to better understand the health beliefs and access barriers in diverse communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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14. Parabolic Catalan numbers count flagged Schur functions and their appearances as type A Demazure characters (key polynomials)

Author

Proctor, Robert A. and Willis, Matthew J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05E15, 05A15, 05E10, 14M15
Abstract

Fix an integer partition lambda that has no more than n parts. Let beta be a weakly increasing n-tuple with entries from {1,..,n}. The flagged Schur function indexed by lambda and beta is a polynomial generating function in x_1, .., x_n for certain semistandard tableaux of shape lambda. Let pi be an n-permutation. The type A Demazure character (key polynomial, Demazure polynomial) indexed by lambda and pi is another such polynomial generating function. Reiner and Shimozono and then Postnikov and Stanley studied coincidences between these two families of polynomials. Here their results are sharpened by the specification of unique representatives for the equivalence classes of indexes for both families of polynomials, extended by the consideration of more general beta, and deepened by proving that the polynomial coincidences also hold at the level of the underlying tableau sets. Let R be the set of lengths of columns in the shape of lambda that are less than n. Ordered set partitions of {1,..,n} with block sizes determined by R, called R-permutations, are used to describe the minimal length representatives for the parabolic quotient of the nth symmetric group specified by the set {1,..,n-1}\R. The notion of 312-avoidance is generalized from n-permutations to these set partitions. The R-parabolic Catalan number is defined to be the number of these. Every flagged Schur function arises as a Demazure polynomial. Those Demazure polynomials are precisely indexed by the R-312-avoiding R-permutations. Hence the number of flagged Schur functions that are distinct as polynomials is shown to be the R-parabolic Catalan number. The projecting and lifting processes that relate the notions of 312-avoidance and of R-312-avoidance are described with maps developed for other purposes., Comment: 27 pages, 2 figures. Identical to v.2, except for the insertion of the publication data for the DMTCS journal (dates and volume/issue/number). This is two-thirds of our preprint "Parabolic Catalan numbers count flagged Schur functions; Convexity of tableau sets for Demazure characters", arXiv:1612.06323v2

Published
2017
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15. Convexity of tableau sets for type A Demazure characters (key polynomials), parabolic Catalan numbers

Author

Proctor, Robert A. and Willis, Matthew J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05E10, 05A05, 14M15, 52B12
Abstract

This is the first of three papers that develop structures which are counted by a "parabolic" generalization of Catalan numbers. Fix a subset R of {1,..,n-1}. Consider the ordered partitions of {1,..,n} whose block sizes are determined by R. These are the "inverses" of (parabolic) multipermutations whose multiplicities are determined by R. The standard forms of the ordered partitions are refered to as "R-permutations". The notion of 312-avoidance is extended from permutations to R-permutations. Let lambda be a partition of N such that the set of column lengths in its shape is R or R union {n}. Fix an R-permutation pi. The type A Demazure character (key polynomial) in x_1, .., x_n that is indexed by lambda and pi can be described as the sum of the weight monomials for some of the semistandard Young tableau of shape lambda that are used to describe the Schur function indexed by lambda. Descriptions of these "Demazure" tableaux developed by the authors in earlier papers are used to prove that the set of these tableaux is convex in Z^N if and only if pi is R-312-avoiding if and only if the tableau set is the entire principal ideal generated by the key of pi. These papers were inspired by results of Reiner and Shimozono and by Postnikov and Stanley concerning coincidences between Demazure characters and flagged Schur functions. This convexity result is used in the next paper to deepen those results from the level of polynomials to the level of tableau sets. The R-parabolic Catalan number is defined to be the number of R-312-avoiding permutations. These special R-permutations are reformulated as "R-rightmost clump deleting" chains of subsets of {1,..,n} and as "gapless R-tuples"; the latter n-tuples arise in multiple contexts in these papers., Comment: 20 pp with 2 figs. Identical to v.3, except for the insertion of the publication data for the DMTCS journal (dates and volume/issue/number). This is one third of our "Parabolic Catalan numbers ..", arXiv:1612.06323v2

Published
2017
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16. Barley Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Responses to Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Induced Drought Stress.

Author

Davidson-Willis, Matthew, Wen, Guoqi, Samanfar, Bahram, and Khanal, Raja

Subjects
*POLYETHYLENE glycol, *GERMPLASM, *GENETIC variation, *DROUGHTS, *GENOTYPES, *DROUGHT tolerance, *GERMINATION
Abstract

Drought is becoming more prevalent and negatively affects the growth and development of barley. To explore the genetic variation in barley under drought stress, ten breeding genotypes were tested using polyethylene glycol-6000 to simulate drought conditions. We observed that drought stress significantly affected germination-related traits, depending on the specific genotypes. Some parameters, such as root length, reduced by up to 85% under drought conditions compared to the control. Overall, considering the barley growth performance, the drought tolerance index was an ideal criterion for selecting drought-tolerant genotypes, as it well characterized the gradient responses of barley genotypes to drought stress. Based on this indicator, genotype OB1878-ON-50 is recommended as a significant germplasm resource for low-precipitation regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Row bounds needed to justifiably express flagged Schur functions with Gessel-Viennot determinants

Author

Proctor, Robert A. and Willis, Matthew J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05E05, 05A19
Abstract

Let $\lambda$ be a partition with no more than $n$ parts. Let $\beta$ be a weakly increasing $n$-tuple with entries from $\{ 1, ... , n \}$. The flagged Schur function in the variables $x_1, ... , x_n$ that is indexed by $\lambda$ and $\beta$ has been defined to be the sum of the content weight monomials for the semistandard Young tableaux of shape $\lambda$ whose values are row-wise bounded by the entries of $\beta$. Gessel and Viennot gave a determinant expression for the flagged Schur function indexed by $\lambda$ and $\beta$; this could be done since the pair $(\lambda, \beta)$ satisfied their "nonpermutable" condition for the sequence of terminals of an $n$-tuple of lattice paths that they used to model the tableaux. We generalize flagged Schur functions by dropping the requirement that $\beta$ be weakly increasing. Then for each $\lambda$ we give a condition on the entries of $\beta$ for the pair $(\lambda, \beta)$ to be nonpermutable that is both necessary and sufficient. When the parts of $\lambda$ are not distinct there will be multiple row bound $n$-tuples $\beta$ that will produce the same set of tableaux. We accordingly group the bounding $\beta$ into equivalence classes and identify the most efficient $\beta$ in each class for the determinant computation. We recently showed that many other sets of objects that are indexed by $n$ and $\lambda$ are enumerated by the number of these efficient $n$-tuples. We called these counts "parabolic Catalan numbers". It is noted that the $GL(n)$ Demazure characters (key polynomials) indexed by 312-avoiding permutations can also be expressed with these determinants., Comment: 22 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Identical to v.5, except for the insertion of a reference and the DMTCS journal's publication meta data

Published
2017
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19. Parabolic Catalan numbers count flagged Schur functions; Convexity of tableau sets for Demazure characters

Author

Proctor, Robert A. and Willis, Matthew J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05A05, 05E05, 05E10, 17B10, 14M15
Abstract

Shuffles are n-multipermutations with suit multiplicities given by a subset R of {1,..,n-1}. Their inverses are ordered partitions of {1,..,n} whose block sizes derive from R. These "R-permutations" depict the min length coset reps for the quotient of S_n by the parabolic subgroup W_J, with J the complement of R. We refer to those that blockwise avoid the pattern 312 as "312-avoiding R-permutations" and define the "parabolic R-Catalan number" to be the number of them. Let lambda be a partition of N with at most n parts whose set of shape column lengths less than n is R. We show that the number of flagged Schur functions formed on the shape of lambda is this parabolic R-Catalan number, and list over a dozen other phenomena that are enumerated by it. Let pi be an R-permutation. We view the Demazure character (key polynomial) indexed by (lambda,pi) as the sum of the content weight monomials for our "pi-Demazure" semistandard tableaux of shape lambda with entries from {1,..,n}. We show that the set of these tableaux is convex in Z^N if and only if pi is a 312-avoiding R-permutation. A flagged Schur function is the sum of the content weight monomials for the semistandard tableaux of shape lambda whose entries are row-wise bounded by a given weakly increasing n-tuple. We consider general row bound sums for which the bounds may be any n-tuple. Reiner and Shimozono and then Postnikov and Stanley obtained results concerning coincidences between flagged Schur functions and Demazure characters: when lambda is strict, the flagged Schur functions exactly coincide with the 312-avoiding Demazure characters. For general lambda we introduce precise indexing sets of n-tuple bounds for the row bound sums. This and our convexity results are used to sharpen their coincidence results, to extend them to general row bound sums, and to show they hold at the deeper level of coinciding underlying tableau sets., Comment: 49 pages with 2 figures, plus a 2 page table of symbols for 51 pages total. Inserted figures for two proofs, appended Added Note, appended summary paragraph to introduction, merged Corollary 11.3 into Theorem 11.1, and polished here and there

Published
2016

20. Relating the type A alcove path model to the right key of a semistandard Young tableau, with Demazure character consequences

Author

Willis, Matthew J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, Mathematics - Representation Theory, 05E10, 05E05, 17B10
Abstract

There are several combinatorial methods that can be used to produce type A Demazure characters (key polynomials). The alcove path model of Lenart and Postnikov provides a procedure that inputs a semistandard tableau $T$ and outputs a saturated chain in the Bruhat order. The final permutation in this chain determines a family of Demazure characters for which $T$ contributes its weight. Separately, the right key of $T$ introduced by Lascoux and Sch\"utzenberger also determines a family of Demazure characters for which $T$ contributes its weight. In this paper we show that the final permutation in the chain produced by the alcove model corresponds bijectively to the right key of the tableau. From this it follows that the generating sets for the Demazure characters produced by these two methods are equivalent., Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, 6/15/15

Published
2015

21. New Descriptions of Demazure Tableaux and Right Keys, with Applications to Convexity

Author

Willis, Matthew J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05E10, 17B10
Abstract

The right key of a semistandard Young tableau is a tool used to find Demazure characters for $sl_n(\mathbb{C})$. This thesis gives methods to obtain the right and left keys by inspection of the semistandard Young tableau. Given a partition $\lambda$ and a Weyl group element $w$, there is a semistandard Young tableau $Y_\lambda(w)$ of shape $\lambda$ that corresponds to $w$. The Demazure character for $\lambda$ and $w$ is known to be the sum of the weights of all tableaux whose right key is dominated by $Y_\lambda(w)$. The set of all such tableaux is denoted $\mathcal{D}_\lambda(w)$. Exploiting the method mentioned above for obtaining right keys, this thesis describes the entry at each location in any $T \in \mathcal{D}_\lambda(w)$. Lastly, we will consider $\mathcal{D}_\lambda(w)$ as an integral subset of Euclidean space. The final results present a condition that is both necessary and sufficient for this subset to be convex., Comment: Ph. D. thesis completed at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in April of 2012

Published
2014

22. Assessing the safety of physical rehabilitation in critically ill patients: a Delphi study

Author

Woodbridge, Huw R, McCarthy, Christopher J, Jones, Mandy, Willis, Matthew, Antcliffe, David B, Alexander, Caroline M, Gordon, Anthony C, Woodbridge, Huw R, McCarthy, Christopher J, Jones, Mandy, Willis, Matthew, Antcliffe, David B, Alexander, Caroline M, and Gordon, Anthony C

Abstract

Background Physical rehabilitation of critically ill patients is implemented to improve physical outcomes from an intensive care stay. However, before rehabilitation is implemented, a risk assessment is essential, based on robust safety data. To develop this information, a uniform definition of relevant adverse events is required. The assessment of cardiovascular stability is particularly relevant before physical activity as there is uncertainty over when it is safe to start rehabilitation with patients receiving vasoactive drugs. Methods A three-stage Delphi study was carried out to (a) define adverse events for a general ICU cohort, and (b) to define which risks should be assessed before physical rehabilitation of patients receiving vasoactive drugs. An international group of intensive care clinicians and clinician researchers took part. Former ICU patients and their family members/carers were involved in generating consensus for the definition of adverse events. Round one was an open round where participants gave their suggestions of what to include. In round two, participants rated their agreements with these suggestions using a five-point Likert scale; a 70% consensus agreement threshold was used. Round three was used to re-rate suggestions that had not reached consensus, whilst viewing anonymous feedback of participant ratings from round two. Results Twenty-four multi-professional ICU clinicians and clinician researchers from 10 countries across five continents were recruited. Average duration of ICU experience was 18 years (standard deviation 8) and 61% had publications related to ICU rehabilitation. For the adverse event definition, five former ICU patients and one patient relative were recruited. The Delphi process had a 97% response rate. Firstly, 54 adverse events reached consensus; an adverse event tool was created and informed by these events. Secondly, 50 risk factors requiring assessment before physical rehabilitation of patients receiving vasoactive

Published
2024

25. Semistandard Tableaux for Demazure Characters (Key Polynomials) and Their Atoms

Author

Proctor, Robert A. and Willis, Matthew J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05E05, 05E10, 17B10
Abstract

The Schur function indexed by a partition lambda with at most n parts is the sum of the weight monomials for the Young tableaux of shape lambda. Let pi be an n-permutation. We give two descriptions of the tableaux that contribute their monomials to the key polynomial indexed by pi and lambda. (These polynomials are the characters of the Demazure modules for GL(n).) The "atom" indexed by pi is the sum of weight monomials of the tableaux whose right keys are the "key" tableau for pi. Schur functions and key polynomials can be decomposed into sums of atoms. We also describe the tableaux that contribute to an atom, the tableaux that have a left key equal to a given key, and the tableaux that have a left key bounded below by a given key., Comment: 19 pages w/ 3 figures (1 new), 1 page with post-publication minor improvements. New title. This is the final pre-typesetting version of the European Journal of Combinatorics paper 43 (2015), 172-184. This v3 has many revisions and clarifications that were inspired by the referees' reports. These include Proposition 1.1, plus the added hypothesis for Theorem 3.2 and for Corollaries 10.2 and 10.6

Published
2012

26. A Direct Way to Find the Right Key of a Semistandard Young Tableau

Author

Willis, Matthew J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, Mathematics - Representation Theory, 05E10, 17B10
Abstract

The right and left key of a semistandard Young tableau were introduced by Lascoux and Schutzenberger in 1990. Most prominently, the right key is a tool used to find Demazure characters for sl(n,C). Previous methods used to compute these keys require introducing other types of combinatorial objects. This paper gives methods to obtain the right and left keys by inspection of the semistandard Young tableau., Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure. Virtually identical to the version submitted in July 2011. To be contained in the author's doctoral thesis written under the supervision of Robert A. Proctor

Published
2011

28. The Social Media Index as an Indicator of Quality for Emergency Medicine Blogs: A METRIQ Study

Author

Alexander, Charlotte, Alkhalifah, Mohammed, Almehlisi, Abdulaziz S., Alqahtani, Saeed, Anderson, Scott, Anderson, Shelaina, Andrews, Colin, Andruko, Jocelyn, Ankel, Felix, Antony, Nikytha, Aryal, Diptesh, Backus, Barbra, Baird, Jennifer, Baker, Andrew, Batty, Sarah, Baylis, Jared, Beaumont, Braeden, Belcher, Chris, Benavides, Brent, Benham, Michael, Botta, Julian, Bouchard, Nicholas, Brazil, Victoria, Brumfield, Emily, Bryson, Anthony, Bunchit, Wisarut, Butler, Kat, Buzikievich, Lindy, Calcara, David, Carey, Rob, Carroll, Stephen, Cassidy, Louise, Challen, Kirsty, Chan, Kathryn, Chaplin, Tim, Chatham-Zvelebil, Natasha, Chen, Eric, Chen, Lucy, Chhabra, Sushant, Chin, Alvin, Chochi, Eric, Choudhri, Tina, Christensen, Jeremy, Colmers-Gray, Isabelle, Connors, Kimberly, Coppersmith, Veronica, Cosgrove, Abby, Costello, Gregory, Cullison, Kevin, D'Alessandro, Andrew, de Wit, Kerstin, Decock, Marie, Delbani, Rayan, Denq, William, Deutscher, Julianna, Devine, Brendan, Dorsett, Maia, Duda, Taylor, Dueweke, Justin, Dunphy, Teresa, Dyer, Sean, Eastley, Karthryn T, Edmonds, Marcia, Edwards, Ken, Ehrman, Robert, Elkhalidy, Youness, Fedor, Preston, Ficiur, Brian, Flynn, Caley, Fraser, Bill, Fu, Meagan, Fukakusa, James, Funk, Eric, Gaco, Damjan, Gawlik, Viktor, Ghaffarian, Kenn, Gharahbaghian, Laleh, Griffith, Phil, Griffith, Andrew, Grock, Andrew, Gronowski, Tanner, Grossman, Cathy, Gucwa, Jaroslaw, Gupta, Pawan, Gustafson, Alexandra, Guy, Andrew, Haas, Mary, Haciski, Stanislaw, Hajdinjak, Emina, Hall, Andrew K., Hammock, Regina, Hansel, Jan, Hart, Alexander, Hattin, Larissa, Herb, Brandon, Hilbert, SueLin, Hill, Jesse, Hill, Jeff, Ho, Amy, House, Emily, House, Nina, Huffman, James, Inboriboon, Charlie, Ireland, Alex, Jamal, Ali, Ali Jamil, Mohammad, Jansen, Victor, Jarou, Zach, Jia, Vivian, Johnston, Levi, Kalnow, Drew, Kapur, Puneet, Kelly, Seth, Kelson, Kyle, Kent, William, Khakhkhar, Rishi, Khurana, Jaasmit, Kilp, Ashley, Knapp, Scott, Kohler, Sebastian, Kruhlak, Ivanna, Lalani, Nadim, Lam, Samantha, Lank, Patrick, Laurie, Zander, Lea, Kristina, Leber, Ernest, Lee, Ching-Hsing, Lenes, Haakon, Lenora, Nilantha, Leontowicz, Jesse, Lien, Kelly, Lin, Yingchun, Lin, Michelle, Little, Andrew, Liu, Ivy, Liu, Harry, Liu, Steve, Louka, Stephanie, Lovell, Elise, Lowe, David, Lubberdink, Ashley, Luc, Jessica, Lyons, Casey, Ma, Sheng-Hsiang, MacLeod, Hugh, Mancuso, Nick, Maneshi, Anali, May, Jesse, Mayo, John, McDonnell, Mike, McLellan, Susan, McQuarrie, Carolyn, Nood, Julia, Mead, Therese, Meeuwisse, Cory, Meloy, Patrick, Menzies, Perry, Messman, Anne, Miazga, Stephen, Mills, Logan, Milne, Ken, Mix, Allan, Montag, Steve, Moore, Brendan, Morgenstern, Justin, Mott, Sarah, Mukherj, P., Mulla, Ali, Nandalal, Sheena, Nikel, Taylor, Nugent, Sean, Oakland, Morgan, Oberholzer, Werner, Otugo, Onyeka, Oyedokun, Taofiq Segun, Paddock, Mike, Pardhan, Alim, Patel, Kinjal, Paterson, Quinten, Patocka, Catherine, Patterson, Christine, Pearlman, James, Pelletier, Elyse Berger, Pelletier-Bui, Alexis, Phan, Marc, Poonja, Zafrina, Powell, Aubrey, Premkumar, Kamini, Prosen, Gregor, Puri, Vishal, Quaife, Tanis, Raffel, Ryan, Raja, Ali, Ramunno, Randi, Rang, Louise, Rannazzisi, Suzanne, Regan, Shauna, Rezaie, Salim R., Ridderikhof, Milan, Rogers, Vanessa, Roh, Christine, Rosa Carrillo, Dra. Maria, Rosenberg, Keith, Roure, Marina, Rudinsky, Sherri, Rudner, Joshua, Saleh, Adeeb, Sanderson, Will, Scheirer, Owen, Schofield, Paul, Schunk, Paul, Schwarz, Evan, Shahrabadi, Parisa, Shappell, Eric, Sheffield, Julia, Sherbino, Jonathan, Singh, Manpreet, Singson, Hector C, Slessor, Dave, Smith, Sam, Sneath, Paula, Sobehart, Robert, Spearing, Kerry, Stempien, James, Sternard, Britni, Stratton, Tara, Stuart, Katherine, Stuntz, Bob, Susalla, Michael, Sweeney, Colleen, Swisher, Loice, Swoboda, Henry, Syed, Shahbaz, Taira, Taku, Tambe, Nikhil, Tang, Richard, Targonsky, Elisha, Taylor, Rachel, Taylor, Alan, Taylor, Todd, Ting, Paxton, Tiwald, Gerhard, Tran, Kelvin, Tran, Evelyn, Trickovic, Jason, Trinquero, Paul, Trueger, Seth, Tyagi, Aaron, Umana, Manrique, Vallance, Patrick, Van den Berg, Patricia, Vargas, Luis, Verbeek, Rene, Viggers, Sandra, Vlodaver, Zlata, Wagner, Matthew, Walji, Noorin, Walter, Joe, Wan, Miranda, Wang, Rachel, Wanner, Gregory, Warawa, Wyatt, Ward, Mike, Weekes, Jennifer, Weersink, Kristen, Weessies, Cara, Whalen-Browne, Anna, Whiteside, Brian, Willis, Matthew, Wilmer, Jonas, Wong, Nelson, Woodcroft, Mark, Woods, Rob, Yau, Lawrence, Yee, Jessica, Yeh, Calvin, Ming Huang, Simon York, Yurkiw, Katherine, Zaver, Fareen, Zozula, Alexander, Thoma, Brent, Chan, Teresa M., Sifford, Derek, Siemens, Marshall, Paddock, Michael, and Grock, Andy

Published
2018
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30. Hip arthroscopy versus best conservative care for the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (UK FASHIoN): a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Author

Stevens, Siobhan, Gemperle-Mannion, Elke, Brown, Jaclyn, Philippon, Marc, Beck, Martin, O'Donnell, John, Robinson, David, Hughes, Ivor, Hunter, David, Bennell, Kim, Bache, Christopher Edward, McBryde, Callum, Politis, Angelos, Bankes, Marcus, George, Marc, Bartlett, Gavin, Norton, Mark, Board, Tim, Mohammed, Aslam, Rajpura, Asim, Cronin, Michael, Dandachli, Wael, Witt, Johan, Eastaugh-Waring, Stephen, Fehily, Max, Fern, Darren, Field, Richard, Stafford, Giles, Hashemi-Nejad, Aresh, Khan, Tahir, Kavathapu, Venu, Kiely, Nigel, Whitaker, John Paul, Latimer, Paul, Madan, Sanjeev, Malviya, Ajay, Patil, Sanjeev, Ramachandran, Manoj, Sturridge, Seb, Thomas, Phillip, White, Craig, Wilson, Matthew, Williams, Mark, Jones, Emma, Baker, Simon, Stanton, Joanna, Nicholls, Charlotte, Smeatham, Alison, Gosling, Lucie, MacFarlane, Katte, Pressdee, Fraser, Dickinson, Gareth, Boulton, Karen, Goss, Jill, Venter, Rina, Kassam, Jamila, Simmons, Rachel, Poll, Kathryn, Bergmann, Thomas, Pilkington, Margaret, Armstrong, Jo, Wright, Daniel, Dolphin, Philippa, Bainbridge, Kelly, Callum, Miles, Lewis, Anthony, Smith, Evonne, Cornes, Veronica, Benfield, Joanna, Monnington, Katie, Stewart, Emma, Borrill, Steven, Pinches, Megan, Dawson, Sam, Harding, Noel, Willis, Matthew, Moore, Dani, MacCauley, Andrew, Cooke, David, Fleck, Rebecca, Ball, Julliet, Morrison, Peter, Kennedy, Michael, Turner, Sylvia, Bryant, Charlotte, Harris, Kirsten, McKeown, Rebecca, Clarkson, Louise, Lewis, Alison, Rowland-Axe, Rebecca, Grice, Anna, Githens-Mazer, Gayle, Aughwan, Helen, Moore, Faye, Keeling, Eleanor, Amero, Justine, Atkinson, Stephanie, Graves, Lynne, Fouracres, Anna, Hammonds, Fiona, Curtis, Jas, Brackenridge, Lisa, Taylor, Tracey, Dobb, Christine, Whitworth, Joanna, Commey, Thelma, Limbani, Vasanti, Maclintock, Heather, Milne, Alanna, Cleary, Claire, Murray, Helen, Dubia, Maria, Gokturk, Abdulkerim, Bray, Rachel, Griffin, Damian R, Dickenson, Edward J, Wall, Peter D H, Achana, Felix, Donovan, Jenny L, Griffin, James, Hobson, Rachel, Hutchinson, Charles E, Jepson, Marcus, Parsons, Nick R, Petrou, Stavros, Realpe, Alba, Smith, Joanna, and Foster, Nadine E

Published
2018
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34. Individual Gestalt Is Unreliable for the Evaluation of Quality in Medical Education Blogs: A METRIQ Study

Author

Alexander, Charlotte, Alkhalifah, Mohammed, Alqahtani, Saeed, Anderson, Scott, Anderson, Shelaina, Andrews, Colin, Andruko, Jocelyn, Ankel, Felix, Antony, Nikytha, Aryal, Diptesh, Backus, Barbra, Baird, Jennifer, Baker, Andrew, Batty, Sarah, Baylis, Jared, Beaumont, Braeden, Belcher, Chris, Benavides, Brent, Benham, Michael, Pelletier, Elyse Berger, Botta, Julian, Bouchard, Nicholas, Brazil, Victoria, Brumfield, Emily, Bryson, Anthony, Bunchit, Wisarut, Butler, Kat, Buzikievich, Lindy, Calcara, David, Carey, Rob, Carroll, Stephen, Lyons, Casey, Cassidy, Louise, Challen, Kirsty, Chaplin, Tim, Chatham-Zvelebil, Natasha, Chen, Eric, Chen, Lucy, Chhabra, Sushant, Chin, Alvin, Chochi, Eric, Choudhri, Tina, Christensen, Jeremy, Colmers-Gray, Isabelle, Connors, Kimberly, Coppersmith, Veronica, Cosgrove, Abby, Costello, Gregory, Cullison, Kevin, D'Alessandro, Andrew, de Wit, Kerstin, Decock, Marie, Delbani, Rayan, Denq, William, Deutscher, Julianna, Devine, Brendan, Dorsett, Maia, Duda, Taylor, Dueweke, Justin, Dunphy, Teresa, Dyer, Sean, Eastley, Kathryn T., Edmonds, Marcia, Edwards, Ken, Ehrman, Robert, Elkhalidy, Youness, Fedor, Preston, Ficiur, Brian, Flynn, Caley, Fraser, Bill, Fu, Meagan, Fukakusa, James, Funk, Eric, Gaco, Damjan, Gawlik, Viktor, Ghaffarian, Kenn, Gharahbaghian, Laleh, Griffith, Phil, Griffith, Andrew, Grock, Andrew, Gronowski, Tanner, Grossman, Cathy, Gucwa, Jaroslaw, Gupta, Pawan, Gustafson, Alexandra, Guy, Andrew, Haas, Mary, Haciski, Stanislaw, Hajdinjak, Emina, Hall, Andrew K., Hammock, Regina, Hansel, Jan, Hart, Alexander, Hattin, Larissa, Herb, Brandon, Hilbert, SueLin, Hill, Jesse, Hill, Jeff, Ho, Amy, House, Emily, House, Nina, Huffman, James, Inboriboon, Charlie, Ireland, Alex, Jamal, Mohammed Ali, Jansen, Victor, Jarou, Zach, Jia, Vivian, Johnston, Levi, Kalnow, Drew, Kapur, Puneet, Kelly, Seth, Kelson, Kyle, Kent, William, Khakhkhar, Rishi, Khurana, Jaasmit, Kilp, Ashley, Knapp, Scott, Kohler, Sebastian, Kruhlak, Ivanna, Lalani, Nadim, Lam, Samantha, Lank, Patrick, Laurie, Zander, Lea, Kristina, Leber, Ernest, Lee, Ching-Hsing, Lenes, Haakon, Lenora, Nilantha, Leontowicz, Jesse, Lien, Kelly, Lin, Yingchun, Lin, Michelle, Little, Andrew, Liu, Ivy, Liu, Harry, Liu, Steve, Louka, Stephanie, Lovell, Elise, Lowe, David, Lubberdink, Ashley, Luc, Jessica, Ma, Sheng-Hsiang, MacLeod, Hugh, Mancuso, Nick, Maneshi, Anali, Rosa Carrillo, Dra. Maria, May, Jesse, Mayo, John, McDonnell, Mike, McLellan, Susan, McQuarrie, Carolyn, Nood, Julia, Mead, Therese, Meeuwisse, Cory, Meloy, Patrick, Menzies, Perry, Messman, Anne, Miazga, Stephen, Mills, Logan, Milne, Ken, Mix, Allan, Montag, Steve, Moore, Brendon, Morgenstern, Justin, Mott, Sarah, Mukherj, P., Mulla, Ali, Nandalal, Sheena, Nikel, Taylor, Nugent, Sean, Oakland, Morgan, Oberholzer, Werner, Otugo, Onyeka, Oyedokun, Taofiq Segun, Paddock, Mike, Pardhan, Alim, Patel, Kinjal, Paterson, Quinten, Patocka, Catherine, Patterson, Christine, Pearlman, James, Pelletier-Bui, Alexis, Phan, Marc, Poonja, Zafrina, Powell, Aubrey, Premkumar, Kamini, Prosen, Gregor, Puri, Vishal, Quaife, Tanis, Raffel, Ryan, Raja, Ali, Ramunno, Randi, Rang, Louise, Rannazzisi, Suzanne, Regan, Shauna, Ridderikhof, Milan, Rogers, Vanessa, Roh, Christine, Rosenberg, Keith, Roure, Marina, Rudinsky, Sherri, Rudner, Joshua, Saleh, Adeeb, Sanderson, Will, Scheirer, Owen, Schofield, Paul, Schunk, Paul, Schwarz, Evan, Shahrabadi, Parisa, Shappell, Eric, Sheffield, Julia, Sherbino, Jonathan, Singh, Manpreet, Singson, Hector C., Slessor, Dave, Smith, Sam, Sneath, Paula, Sobehart, Robert, Spearing, Kerry, Stempien, James, Sternard, Britni, Stratton, Tara, Stuart, Katherine, Stuntz, Bob, Susalla, Michael, Sweeney, Colleen, Swisher, Loice, Swoboda, Henry, Syed, Shahbaz, Taira, Taku, Tambe, Nikhil, Tang, Richard, Targonsky, Elisha, Taylor, Rachel, Taylor, Alan, Taylor, Todd, Ting, Paxton, Tiwald, Gerhard, Tran, Kelvin, Tran, Evelyn, Trickovic, Jason, Trinquero, Paul, Trueger, Seth, Tyagi, Aaron, Umana, Manrique, Vallance, Patrick, Van den Berg, Patricia, Vargas, Luis, Verbeek, Rene, Viggers, Sandra, Vlodaver, Zlata, Wagner, Matthew, Walji, Noorin, Walter, Joe, Wan, Miranda, Wang, Rachel, Wanner, Gregory, Warawa, Wyatt, Ward, Mike, Weekes, Jennifer, Weersink, Kristen, Weessies, Cara, Whalen-Browne, Anna, Whiteside, Brian, Willis, Matthew, Wilmer, Jonas, Wong, Nelson, Woodcroft, Mark, Woods, Rob, Yau, Lawrence, Yee, Jessica, Yeh, Calvin, Ming Huang, Simon York, Yurkiw, Katherine, Zaver, Fareen, Zozula, Alexander, Thoma, Brent, Sebok-Syer, Stefanie S., Krishnan, Keeth, Siemens, Marshall, Trueger, N. Seth, Petrusa, Emil, and Chan, Teresa

Published
2017
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37. A Case Study on the Relational Component of Professional Learning Teams

Author

Willis, Matthew R.

Abstract

This dissertation is focused on intentional intervention strategies adopted in a prior five-year period by Denver Area High School for the purpose of reducing suspensions, expulsions, referrals, other minor disciplinary infractions, and reduced failure rates. Those strategies included implementing a Culture of Care, which included (a) Restorative Practices, (b) Restorative Justice, (c) Relationships, and (d) Professional Learning Communities or Teams. Those interventions, which started in the Dean's office, have been pushed into the classroom. However, some teachers are still over referring students for disciplinary actions and failure rates are too high. Professional learning teams, which are meant to support teachers in the adoption of restorative and instructional practices that lead to higher expectations and improved outcomes for all students, may not be succeeding because teams are avoiding the hard questions about the Culture of Care that would improve academic achievement. As a result, this case study was designed to determine the effectiveness of the Denver Area High School training to further develop professional learning team (PLT) leaders. During the case study, PLT leaders were presented with referral and failure rates and received training to improve analysis and outcomes through restorative practices and PLT practices. With support, the PLT leaders engaged and collaborated with teachers to completely adopt professional learning team and restorative practices by expanding their leadership skills, increasing personal buy-in, and improving their understanding and empathy for urban students. Six PLT leadership training sessions and two PLT observations focused on grades 9 and 10 core content areas. PLT leadership training sessions were observed and exit tickets were analyzed for training outcomes. The exit ticket analysis indicated that the intended learning targets and outcomes were achieved. The PLT observations were conducted and determined that cultural shifts were evident in the observations which represented the level of implementation of the PLT leadership training. At the conclusion of the study, evidence collected through exit tickets and observations indicated an improvement in teacher and PLT practices. Additional evidence collected from failure rates and referral rates showed a significant decline in referral rates that were at least partially attributed to the leadership training and an alignment of students pass rates with attendance rates. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2017

47. Lessons From the Field Psychosocial consequences of the COVID‐19 homestay for preschoolers and their parents.

Author

Cherry, Katie E., DiCarlo, Cynthia F., Willis, Matthew L., Bordes, Piper J., Calamia, Matthew R., and Marks, Loren D.

Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic, STAY-at-home orders, PSYCHOSOCIAL factors, FAMILY adaptability, PARENT-child relationships, FAMILY relations, PSYCHOLOGICAL well-being
Abstract

Objective: The authors explored the psychosocial consequences of the COVID‐19 homestay lockdown for preschool‐age children and their parents using a mixed‐method design. Background: Few studies have examined the impact of a global pandemic on family adaptive processes among parents and their preschool age children. Method: Participants were 24 highly educated White and Asian parents with children enrolled in the Early Childhood Education Laboratory Preschool (ECELP) at Louisiana State University. Parents completed an online survey that assessed sociodemographic and health characteristics, and they participated in an interview with their children. Results: Content analysis of parent and child narratives yielded four core themes: (a) expanded family time with family needs prioritized, (b) staying informed with current pandemic news, (c) positive experiences included more time spent with family, and (d) negative experiences included disruptions to family and work‐related routines. Conclusion: Personal and professional challenges that families faced during the COVID‐19 lockdown were loss of familiar routines, managing stressors, and protecting health. Positive factors included prioritization of family needs and new opportunities for intergenerational relationships with extended family and grandparents. Implications: Parents, teachers, and extended family support adaptive family processes that promote resilience and psychosocial well‐being despite the uncertainties of a global pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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