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1. Collaborative meta-analysis finds no evidence of a strong interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype contributing to the development of depression

Author

Culverhouse, R C, Saccone, N L, Horton, A C, Ma, Y, Anstey, K J, Banaschewski, T, Burmeister, M, Cohen-Woods, S, Etain, B, Fisher, H L, Goldman, N, Guillaume, S, Horwood, J, Juhasz, G, Lester, K J, Mandelli, L, Middeldorp, C M, Olié, E, Villafuerte, S, Air, T M, Araya, R, Bowes, L, Burns, R, Byrne, E M, Coffey, C, Coventry, W L, Gawronski, K AB, Glei, D, Hatzimanolis, A, Hottenga, J-J, Jaussent, I, Jawahar, C, Jennen-Steinmetz, C, Kramer, J R, Lajnef, M, Little, K, zu Schwabedissen, H M, Nauck, M, Nederhof, E, Petschner, P, Peyrot, W J, Schwahn, C, Sinnamon, G, Stacey, D, Tian, Y, Toben, C, Van der Auwera, S, Wainwright, N, Wang, J-C, Willemsen, G, Anderson, I M, Arolt, V, Åslund, C, Bagdy, G, Baune, B T, Bellivier, F, Boomsma, D I, Courtet, P, Dannlowski, U, de Geus, E JC, Deakin, J FW, Easteal, S, Eley, T, Fergusson, D M, Goate, A M, Gonda, X, Grabe, H J, Holzman, C, Johnson, E O, Kennedy, M, Laucht, M, Martin, N G, Munafò, M R, Nilsson, K W, Oldehinkel, A J, Olsson, C A, Ormel, J, Otte, C, Patton, G C, Penninx, B WJH, Ritchie, K, Sarchiapone, M, Scheid, J M, Serretti, A, Smit, J H, Stefanis, N C, Surtees, P G, Völzke, H, Weinstein, M, Whooley, M, Nurnberger, J I, Jr, Breslau, N, and Bierut, L J

Published
2018
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8. Collaborative meta-Analysis finds no evidence of a strong interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype contributing to the development of depression

Author

Culverhouse, R.C. Saccone, N.L. Horton, A.C. Ma, Y. Anstey, K.J. Banaschewski, T. Burmeister, M. Cohen-Woods, S. Etain, B. Fisher, H.L. Goldman, N. Guillaume, S. Horwood, J. Juhasz, G. Lester, K.J. Mandelli, L. Middeldorp, C.M. Olié, E. Villafuerte, S. Air, T.M. Araya, R. Bowes, L. Burns, R. Byrne, E.M. Coffey, C. Coventry, W.L. Gawronski, K.A.B. Glei, D. Hatzimanolis, A. Hottenga, J.-J. Jaussent, I. Jawahar, C. Jennen-Steinmetz, C. Kramer, J.R. Lajnef, M. Little, K. Zu Schwabedissen, H.M. Nauck, M. Nederhof, E. Petschner, P. Peyrot, W.J. Schwahn, C. Sinnamon, G. Stacey, D. Tian, Y. Toben, C. Van Der Auwera, S. Wainwright, N. Wang, J.-C. Willemsen, G. Anderson, I.M. Arolt, V. Aslund, C. Bagdy, G. Baune, B.T. Bellivier, F. Boomsma, D.I. Courtet, P. Dannlowski, U. De Geus, E.J.C. Deakin, J.F.W. Easteal, S. Eley, T. Fergusson, D.M. Goate, A.M. Gonda, X. Grabe, H.J. Holzman, C. Johnson, E.O. Kennedy, M. Laucht, M. Martin, N.G. Munafò, M.R. Nilsson, K.W. Oldehinkel, A.J. Olsson, C.A. Ormel, J. Otte, C. Patton, G.C. Penninx, B.W.J.H. Ritchie, K. Sarchiapone, M. Scheid, J.M. Serretti, A. Smit, J.H. Stefanis, N.C. Surtees, P.G. Völzke, H. Weinstein, M. Whooley, M. Nurnberger, J.I., Jr. Breslau, N. Bierut, L.J.

Abstract

The hypothesis that the S allele of the 5-HTTLPR serotonin transporter promoter region is associated with increased risk of depression, but only in individuals exposed to stressful situations, has generated much interest, research and controversy since first proposed in 2003. Multiple meta-Analyses combining results from heterogeneous analyses have not settled the issue. To determine the magnitude of the interaction and the conditions under which it might be observed, we performed new analyses on 31 data sets containing 38 802 European ancestry subjects genotyped for 5-HTTLPR and assessed for depression and childhood maltreatment or other stressful life events, and meta-Analysed the results. Analyses targeted two stressors (narrow, broad) and two depression outcomes (current, lifetime). All groups that published on this topic prior to the initiation of our study and met the assessment and sample size criteria were invited to participate. Additional groups, identified by consortium members or self-identified in response to our protocol (published prior to the start of analysis) with qualifying unpublished data, were also invited to participate. A uniform data analysis script implementing the protocol was executed by each of the consortium members. Our findings do not support the interaction hypothesis. We found no subgroups or variable definitions for which an interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype was statistically significant. In contrast, our findings for the main effects of life stressors (strong risk factor) and 5-HTTLPR genotype (no impact on risk) are strikingly consistent across our contributing studies, the original study reporting the interaction and subsequent meta-Analyses. Our conclusion is that if an interaction exists in which the S allele of 5-HTTLPR increases risk of depression only in stressed individuals, then it is not broadly generalisable, but must be of modest effect size and only observable in limited situations. © 2018 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.

Published
2018

9. Collaborative meta-analysis finds no evidence of a strong interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype contributing to the development of depression

Author

Culverhouse, R. C., Saccone, N. L., Horton, A. C., Ma, Y., Anstey, K. J., Banaschewski, T., Burmeister, M., Cohen-Woods, S., Etain, B., Fisher, H. L., Goldman, N., Guillaume, S., Horwood, J., Juhasz, G., Lester, K. J., Mandelli, L., Middeldorp, C. M., Olie, E., Villafuerte, S., Air, T. M., Araya, R., Bowes, L., Burns, R., Byrne, E. M., Coffey, C., Coventry, W. L., Gawronski, K. A. B., Glei, D., Hatzimanolis, A., Hottenga, J-J, Jaussent, I., Jawahar, C., Jennen-Steinmetz, C., Kramer, J. R., Lajnef, M., Little, K., zu Schwabedissen, H. M., Nauck, M., Nederhof, E., Petschner, P., Peyrot, W. J., Schwahn, C., Sinnamon, G., Stacey, D., Tian, Y., Toben, C., Van der Auwera, S., Wainwright, N., Wang, J-C, Willemsen, G., Anderson, I. M., Arolt, V., Åslund, Cecilia, Bagdy, G., Baune, B. T., Bellivier, F., Boomsma, D. I., Courtet, P., Dannlowski, U., de Geus, E. J. C., Deakin, J. F. W., Easteal, S., Eley, T., Fergusson, D. M., Goate, A. M., Gonda, X., Grabe, H. J., Holzman, C., Johnson, E. O., Kennedy, M., Laucht, M., Martin, N. G., Munafo, M. R., Nillson, Kent W., Oldehinkel, A. J., Olsson, C. A., Ormel, J., Otte, C., Patton, G. C., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Ritchie, K., Sarchiapone, M., Scheid, J. M., Serretti, A., Smit, J. H., Stefanis, N. C., Surtees, P. G., Voelzke, H., Weinstein, M., Whooley, M., Nurnberger, J. I., Jr., Breslau, N., Bierut, L. J., Culverhouse, R. C., Saccone, N. L., Horton, A. C., Ma, Y., Anstey, K. J., Banaschewski, T., Burmeister, M., Cohen-Woods, S., Etain, B., Fisher, H. L., Goldman, N., Guillaume, S., Horwood, J., Juhasz, G., Lester, K. J., Mandelli, L., Middeldorp, C. M., Olie, E., Villafuerte, S., Air, T. M., Araya, R., Bowes, L., Burns, R., Byrne, E. M., Coffey, C., Coventry, W. L., Gawronski, K. A. B., Glei, D., Hatzimanolis, A., Hottenga, J-J, Jaussent, I., Jawahar, C., Jennen-Steinmetz, C., Kramer, J. R., Lajnef, M., Little, K., zu Schwabedissen, H. M., Nauck, M., Nederhof, E., Petschner, P., Peyrot, W. J., Schwahn, C., Sinnamon, G., Stacey, D., Tian, Y., Toben, C., Van der Auwera, S., Wainwright, N., Wang, J-C, Willemsen, G., Anderson, I. M., Arolt, V., Åslund, Cecilia, Bagdy, G., Baune, B. T., Bellivier, F., Boomsma, D. I., Courtet, P., Dannlowski, U., de Geus, E. J. C., Deakin, J. F. W., Easteal, S., Eley, T., Fergusson, D. M., Goate, A. M., Gonda, X., Grabe, H. J., Holzman, C., Johnson, E. O., Kennedy, M., Laucht, M., Martin, N. G., Munafo, M. R., Nillson, Kent W., Oldehinkel, A. J., Olsson, C. A., Ormel, J., Otte, C., Patton, G. C., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Ritchie, K., Sarchiapone, M., Scheid, J. M., Serretti, A., Smit, J. H., Stefanis, N. C., Surtees, P. G., Voelzke, H., Weinstein, M., Whooley, M., Nurnberger, J. I., Jr., Breslau, N., and Bierut, L. J.

Abstract

The hypothesis that the S allele of the 5-HTTLPR serotonin transporter promoter region is associated with increased risk of depression, but only in individuals exposed to stressful situations, has generated much interest, research and controversy since first proposed in 2003. Multiple meta-analyses combining results from heterogeneous analyses have not settled the issue. To determine the magnitude of the interaction and the conditions under which it might be observed, we performed new analyses on 31 data sets containing 38 802 European ancestry subjects genotyped for 5-HTTLPR and assessed for depression and childhood maltreatment or other stressful life events, and meta-analysed the results. Analyses targeted two stressors (narrow, broad) and two depression outcomes (current, lifetime). All groups that published on this topic prior to the initiation of our study and met the assessment and sample size criteria were invited to participate. Additional groups, identified by consortium members or self-identified in response to our protocol (published prior to the start of analysis) with qualifying unpublished data, were also invited to participate. A uniform data analysis script implementing the protocol was executed by each of the consortium members. Our findings do not support the interaction hypothesis. We found no subgroups or variable definitions for which an interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype was statistically significant. In contrast, our findings for the main effects of life stressors (strong risk factor) and 5-HTTLPR genotype (no impact on risk) are strikingly consistent across our contributing studies, the original study reporting the interaction and subsequent meta-analyses. Our conclusion is that if an interaction exists in which the S allele of 5-HTTLPR increases risk of depression only in stressed individuals, then it is not broadly generalisable, but must be of modest effect size and only observable in limited situations.

Published
2018
Full Text
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10. Collaborative meta-Analysis finds no evidence of a strong interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype contributing to the development of depression

Author

Culverhouse, RC, Saccone, NL, Horton, AC, Ma, Y, Anstey, KJ, Banaschewski, T, Burmeister, M, Cohen-Woods, S, Etain, B, Fisher, HL, Goldman, N, Guillaume, S, Horwood, J, Juhasz, G, Lester, KJ, Mandelli, L, Middeldorp, CM, Olié, E, Villafuerte, S, Air, TM, Araya, R, Bowes, L, Burns, R, Byrne, EM, Coffey, C, Coventry, WL, Gawronski, KAB, Glei, D, Hatzimanolis, A, Hottenga, JJ, Jaussent, I, Jawahar, C, Jennen-Steinmetz, C, Kramer, JR, Lajnef, M, Little, K, Zu Schwabedissen, HM, Nauck, M, Nederhof, E, Petschner, P, Peyrot, WJ, Schwahn, C, Sinnamon, G, Stacey, D, Tian, Y, Toben, C, Van Der Auwera, S, Wainwright, N, Wang, JC, Willemsen, G, Anderson, IM, Arolt, V, Aslund, C, Bagdy, G, Baune, BT, Bellivier, F, Boomsma, DI, Courtet, P, Dannlowski, U, De Geus, EJC, Deakin, JFW, Easteal, S, Eley, T, Fergusson, DM, Goate, AM, Gonda, X, Grabe, HJ, Holzman, C, Johnson, EO, Kennedy, M, Laucht, M, Martin, NG, Munafò, MR, Nilsson, KW, Oldehinkel, AJ, Olsson, CA, Ormel, J, Otte, C, Patton, GC, Penninx, BWJH, Ritchie, K, Sarchiapone, M, Scheid, JM, Serretti, A, Smit, JH, Stefanis, NC, Surtees, PG, Völzke, H, Weinstein, M, Whooley, M, Nurnberger, JI, Breslau, N, Bierut, LJ, Culverhouse, RC, Saccone, NL, Horton, AC, Ma, Y, Anstey, KJ, Banaschewski, T, Burmeister, M, Cohen-Woods, S, Etain, B, Fisher, HL, Goldman, N, Guillaume, S, Horwood, J, Juhasz, G, Lester, KJ, Mandelli, L, Middeldorp, CM, Olié, E, Villafuerte, S, Air, TM, Araya, R, Bowes, L, Burns, R, Byrne, EM, Coffey, C, Coventry, WL, Gawronski, KAB, Glei, D, Hatzimanolis, A, Hottenga, JJ, Jaussent, I, Jawahar, C, Jennen-Steinmetz, C, Kramer, JR, Lajnef, M, Little, K, Zu Schwabedissen, HM, Nauck, M, Nederhof, E, Petschner, P, Peyrot, WJ, Schwahn, C, Sinnamon, G, Stacey, D, Tian, Y, Toben, C, Van Der Auwera, S, Wainwright, N, Wang, JC, Willemsen, G, Anderson, IM, Arolt, V, Aslund, C, Bagdy, G, Baune, BT, Bellivier, F, Boomsma, DI, Courtet, P, Dannlowski, U, De Geus, EJC, Deakin, JFW, Easteal, S, Eley, T, Fergusson, DM, Goate, AM, Gonda, X, Grabe, HJ, Holzman, C, Johnson, EO, Kennedy, M, Laucht, M, Martin, NG, Munafò, MR, Nilsson, KW, Oldehinkel, AJ, Olsson, CA, Ormel, J, Otte, C, Patton, GC, Penninx, BWJH, Ritchie, K, Sarchiapone, M, Scheid, JM, Serretti, A, Smit, JH, Stefanis, NC, Surtees, PG, Völzke, H, Weinstein, M, Whooley, M, Nurnberger, JI, Breslau, N, and Bierut, LJ

Abstract

The hypothesis that the S allele of the 5-HTTLPR serotonin transporter promoter region is associated with increased risk of depression, but only in individuals exposed to stressful situations, has generated much interest, research and controversy since first proposed in 2003. Multiple meta-Analyses combining results from heterogeneous analyses have not settled the issue. To determine the magnitude of the interaction and the conditions under which it might be observed, we performed new analyses on 31 data sets containing 38 802 European ancestry subjects genotyped for 5-HTTLPR and assessed for depression and childhood maltreatment or other stressful life events, and meta-Analysed the results. Analyses targeted two stressors (narrow, broad) and two depression outcomes (current, lifetime). All groups that published on this topic prior to the initiation of our study and met the assessment and sample size criteria were invited to participate. Additional groups, identified by consortium members or self-identified in response to our protocol (published prior to the start of analysis) with qualifying unpublished data, were also invited to participate. A uniform data analysis script implementing the protocol was executed by each of the consortium members. Our findings do not support the interaction hypothesis. We found no subgroups or variable definitions for which an interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype was statistically significant. In contrast, our findings for the main effects of life stressors (strong risk factor) and 5-HTTLPR genotype (no impact on risk) are strikingly consistent across our contributing studies, the original study reporting the interaction and subsequent meta-Analyses. Our conclusion is that if an interaction exists in which the S allele of 5-HTTLPR increases risk of depression only in stressed individuals, then it is not broadly generalisable, but must be of modest effect size and only observable in limited situations.

Published
2018

15. Collaborative meta-analysis finds no evidence of a strong interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype contributing to the development of depression

Author

Culverhouse, R C, primary, Saccone, N L, additional, Horton, A C, additional, Ma, Y, additional, Anstey, K J, additional, Banaschewski, T, additional, Burmeister, M, additional, Cohen-Woods, S, additional, Etain, B, additional, Fisher, H L, additional, Goldman, N, additional, Guillaume, S, additional, Horwood, J, additional, Juhasz, G, additional, Lester, K J, additional, Mandelli, L, additional, Middeldorp, C M, additional, Olié, E, additional, Villafuerte, S, additional, Air, T M, additional, Araya, R, additional, Bowes, L, additional, Burns, R, additional, Byrne, E M, additional, Coffey, C, additional, Coventry, W L, additional, Gawronski, K A B, additional, Glei, D, additional, Hatzimanolis, A, additional, Hottenga, J-J, additional, Jaussent, I, additional, Jawahar, C, additional, Jennen-Steinmetz, C, additional, Kramer, J R, additional, Lajnef, M, additional, Little, K, additional, zu Schwabedissen, H M, additional, Nauck, M, additional, Nederhof, E, additional, Petschner, P, additional, Peyrot, W J, additional, Schwahn, C, additional, Sinnamon, G, additional, Stacey, D, additional, Tian, Y, additional, Toben, C, additional, Van der Auwera, S, additional, Wainwright, N, additional, Wang, J-C, additional, Willemsen, G, additional, Anderson, I M, additional, Arolt, V, additional, Åslund, C, additional, Bagdy, G, additional, Baune, B T, additional, Bellivier, F, additional, Boomsma, D I, additional, Courtet, P, additional, Dannlowski, U, additional, de Geus, E J C, additional, Deakin, J F W, additional, Easteal, S, additional, Eley, T, additional, Fergusson, D M, additional, Goate, A M, additional, Gonda, X, additional, Grabe, H J, additional, Holzman, C, additional, Johnson, E O, additional, Kennedy, M, additional, Laucht, M, additional, Martin, N G, additional, Munafò, M R, additional, Nilsson, K W, additional, Oldehinkel, A J, additional, Olsson, C A, additional, Ormel, J, additional, Otte, C, additional, Patton, G C, additional, Penninx, B W J H, additional, Ritchie, K, additional, Sarchiapone, M, additional, Scheid, J M, additional, Serretti, A, additional, Smit, J H, additional, Stefanis, N C, additional, Surtees, P G, additional, Völzke, H, additional, Weinstein, M, additional, Whooley, M, additional, Nurnberger Jr, J I, additional, Breslau, N, additional, and Bierut, L J, additional

Published
2017
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16. Emotion recognition specialization and context-dependent risk of anxiety and depression in adolescents

Author

Oldehinkel, A.J. (Albertine), Hartman, C.A. (Catharina), Oort, F.V.A. (Floor) van, Nederhof, E. (Esther), Oldehinkel, A.J. (Albertine), Hartman, C.A. (Catharina), Oort, F.V.A. (Floor) van, and Nederhof, E. (Esther)

Abstract

Background: Some adolescents function poorly in apparently benign environments, while others thrive despite hassles and difficulties. The aim of this study was to examine if adolescents with specialized skills in the recognition of either positive or negative emotions have a context-dependent risk of developing an anxiety or depressive disorder during adolescence, depending on exposure to positive or harsh parenting. Methods: Data came from a large prospective Dutch population study (N = 1539). At age 11, perceived parental rejection and emotional warmth were measured by questionnaire, and emotion recognition skills by means of a reaction-time task. Lifetime diagnoses of anxiety and depressive disorders were assessed at about age 19, using a standardized diagnostic interview. Results: Adolescents who were specialized in the recognition of positive emotions had a relatively high probability to develop an anxiety disorder when exposed to parental rejection (Bspecialization*rejection = 0.23, P < 0.01) and a relatively low probability in response to parental emotional warmth (Bspecialization*warmth = -0.24, P = 0.01), while the opposite pattern was found for specialists in negative emotions. The effect of parental emotional warmth on depression onset was likewise modified by emotion recognition specialization (B = -0.13, P = 0.03), but the effect of parental rejection was not (B = 0.02, P = 0.72). In general, the relative advantage of specialists in negative emotions was restricted to fairly uncommon negative conditions. Conclusions: Our results suggest that there is no unequivocal relation between parenting behaviors and the probability to develop an anxiety or depressive disorder in adolescence, and that emotion recognition specialization may be a promising way to distinguish between various types of context-dependent reaction patterns. This large population-based study examined whether adolescents with specialized skills in the recognition of either positive or negat

Published
2015
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17. Chronic stress and adolescents’ mental health : modifying effects of basal cortisol and parental psychiatric history. The TRAILS study

Author

Zandstra, A.R.E., Hartman, C.A., Nederhof, E., Heuvel, van den, E.R., Dietrich, A., Hoekstra, P.J., Ormel, J., Zandstra, A.R.E., Hartman, C.A., Nederhof, E., Heuvel, van den, E.R., Dietrich, A., Hoekstra, P.J., and Ormel, J.

Abstract

Large individual differences in adolescent mental health following chronic psychosocial stress suggest moderating factors. We examined two established moderators, basal cortisol and parental psychiatric history, simultaneously. We hypothesized that individuals with high basal cortisol, assumed to indicate high context sensitivity, would show relatively high problem levels following chronic stress, especially in the presence of parental psychiatric history. With Linear Mixed Models, we investigated the hypotheses in 1917 Dutch adolescents (53.2 % boys), assessed at ages 11, 13.5, and 16. Low basal cortisol combined with the absence of a parental psychiatric history increased the risk of externalizing but not internalizing problems following chronic stress. Conversely, low basal cortisol combined with a substantial parental psychiatric history increased the risk of internalizing but not externalizing problems following chronic stress. Thus, parental psychiatric history moderated stress- cortisol interactions in predicting psychopathology, but in a different direction than hypothesized. We conclude that the premise that basal cortisol indicates context sensitivity may be too crude. Context sensitivity may not be a general trait but may depend on the nature of the context (e.g., type or duration of stress exposure) and on the outcome of interest (e.g., internalizing vs. externalizing problems). Although consistent across informants, our findings need replication. Keywords: Chronic psychosocial stress; Long-term difficulties; Parental psychiatric history; Externalizing and internalizing problems; Basal cortisol upon waking; Adolescence

Published
2015

18. Emotion recognition specialization and context-dependent risk of anxiety and depression in adolescents

Author

Oldehinkel, AJ, Hartman, CA, Oort, Floor, Nederhof, E, Oldehinkel, AJ, Hartman, CA, Oort, Floor, and Nederhof, E

Abstract

BackgroundSome adolescents function poorly in apparently benign environments, while others thrive despite hassles and difficulties. The aim of this study was to examine if adolescents with specialized skills in the recognition of either positive or negative emotions have a context-dependent risk of developing an anxiety or depressive disorder during adolescence, depending on exposure to positive or harsh parenting. MethodsData came from a large prospective Dutch population study (N=1539). At age 11, perceived parental rejection and emotional warmth were measured by questionnaire, and emotion recognition skills by means of a reaction-time task. Lifetime diagnoses of anxiety and depressive disorders were assessed at about age 19, using a standardized diagnostic interview. ResultsAdolescents who were specialized in the recognition of positive emotions had a relatively high probability to develop an anxiety disorder when exposed to parental rejection (B-specialization*rejection=0.23, P<0.01) and a relatively low probability in response to parental emotional warmth (B-specialization*warmth=-0.24, P=0.01), while the opposite pattern was found for specialists in negative emotions. The effect of parental emotional warmth on depression onset was likewise modified by emotion recognition specialization (B=-0.13, P=0.03), but the effect of parental rejection was not (B=0.02, P=0.72). In general, the relative advantage of specialists in negative emotions was restricted to fairly uncommon negative conditions. ConclusionsOur results suggest that there is no unequivocal relation between parenting behaviors and the probability to develop an anxiety or depressive disorder in adolescence, and that emotion recognition specialization may be a promising way to distinguish between various types of context-dependent reaction patterns.

Published
2015

19. Effects of family cohesion and heart rate reactivity on aggressive/rule-breaking behavior and prosocial behavior in adolescence: The TRAILS Study

Author

Sijtsema, J.J., Nederhof, E., Veenstra, R., Ormel, J., Oldehinkel, A.J., Ellis, B.J., and Developmental Psychology

Abstract

The biological sensitivity to context hypothesis posits that high physiological reactivity (i.e., increases in arousal from baseline) constitutes heightened sensitivity to environmental influences, for better or worse. To test this hypothesis, we examined the interactive effects of family cohesion and heart rate reactivity to a public speaking task on aggressive/rule-breaking and prosocial behavior in a large sample of adolescents (N = 679; M age = 16.14). Multivariate analyses revealed small- to medium-sized main effects of lower family cohesion and lower heart rate reactivity on higher levels of aggressive/rule-breaking and lower levels of prosocial behavior. Although there was some evidence of three-way interactions among family cohesion, heart rate reactivity, and sex in predicting these outcome variables, these interactions were not in the direction predicted by the biological sensitivity to context hypothesis. Instead, heightened reactivity appeared to operate as a protective factor against family adversity, rather than as a susceptibility factor. The results of the present study raise the possibility that stress reactivity may no longer operate as a mechanism of differential susceptibility in adolescence.

Published
2013

24. Family environment is associated with HPA-axis activity in adolescents. The TRAILS study.

Author

Marsman, R., Nederhof, E., Rosmalen, J.G., Oldehinkel, A.J., Ormel, J., Buitelaar, J.K., Marsman, R., Nederhof, E., Rosmalen, J.G., Oldehinkel, A.J., Ormel, J., and Buitelaar, J.K.

Abstract

1 februari 2012, Item does not contain fulltext, The purpose of the present study was to investigate the developmental programming part of the theory of biological sensitivity to context using family environmental factors and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning. Specifically, we investigated whether perceived parenting (Rejection and Emotional Warmth) and socio-economic status (SES) predicted basal cortisol levels and the cortisol awakening response (CAR). In a population-based cohort of 1594 adolescents (mean age=11.08, SD=0.54) we assessed salivary cortisol, SES and perceived parenting. Perceived parental Emotional Warmth showed an inverse, linear association with basal cortisol levels. In addition, there was a curvilinear relationship between SES and both basal cortisol levels and the CAR. Our findings with regard to basal cortisol levels confirmed our hypothesis: lower basal HPA-axis activity in both high and low SES families compared to intermediate SES families.

Published
2012

25. Benefits of extensive recruitment effort persist during follow-ups and are consistent across age group and survey method. the TRAILS study

Author

Nederhof, E. (Esther), Jörg, F. (Frederike), Raven, D. (Dennis), Veenstra, R. (René), Verhulst, F.C. (Frank), Ormel, J. (Johan Hans), Oldehinkel, A.J. (Albertine), Nederhof, E. (Esther), Jörg, F. (Frederike), Raven, D. (Dennis), Veenstra, R. (René), Verhulst, F.C. (Frank), Ormel, J. (Johan Hans), and Oldehinkel, A.J. (Albertine)

Abstract

Background: Extensive recruitment effort at baseline increases representativeness of study populations by decreasing non-response and associated bias. First, it is not known to what extent increased attrition occurs during subsequent measurement waves among subjects who were hard-to-recruit at baseline and what characteristics the hard-to-recruit dropouts have compared to the hard-to-recruit retainers. Second, it is unknown whether characteristics of hard-to-recruit responders in a prospective population based cohort study are similar across age group and survey method. Methods. First, we compared first wave (T1) easy-to-recruit with hard-to-recruit responders of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a prospective population based cohort study of Dutch (pre)adolescents (at first wave: n = 2230, mean age = 11.09 (SD 0.56), 50.8% girls), with regard to response rates at subsequent measurement waves. Second, easy-to-recruit and hard-to-recruit participants at the fourth TRAILS measurement wave (n = 1881, mean age = 19.1 (SD 0.60), 52.3% girls) were compared with fourth wave non-responders and earlier stage drop-outs on family composition, socioeconomic position (SEP), intelligence (IQ), education, sociometric status, substance use, and psychopathology. Results: First, over 60% of the hard-to-recruit responders at the first wave were retained in the sample eight years later at the fourth measurement wave. Hard-to-recruit dropouts did not differ from hard-to-recruit retainers. Second, extensive recruitment efforts for the web based survey convinced a population of nineteen year olds with similar characteristics as the hard-to-recruit eleven year olds that were persuaded to participate in a school-based survey. Some characteristics associated with being hard-to-recruit (as compared to being easy-to-recruit) were more pronounced among non-responders, resembling the baseline situation (De Winter et al.2005). Conclusions: First, extensive recruitment ef

Published
2012
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26. Impact of human granulocyte and monocyte isolation procedures on functional studies

Author

Zhou, L. (Lili), Somasundaram, R. (Rajesh), Nederhof, E. (Esther), Dijkstra, G. (Gerard), Faber, K.N. (Klaas Nico), Peppelenbosch, M.P. (Maikel), Fuhler, G.M. (Gwenny), Zhou, L. (Lili), Somasundaram, R. (Rajesh), Nederhof, E. (Esther), Dijkstra, G. (Gerard), Faber, K.N. (Klaas Nico), Peppelenbosch, M.P. (Maikel), and Fuhler, G.M. (Gwenny)

Abstract

One of the first lines of defense against infection is the activation of the innate immune system. It is becoming clear that autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease, may be caused by disturbed innate immunity, and relating granulocyte and monocyte functions to the patient genotype has become an important part of contemporary research. Although it is essential to move this field forward, a systematic study comparing the efficacy and suitability for functional studies of the various available protocols for the isolation of these immune cells has not been performed. Here, we compare human granulocyte functionality under three enrichment protocols: (i) Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, (ii) anti-CD15 antibody-conjugated microbeads (positive selection), and (iii) Polymorphoprep. Primary monocytes were isolated in parallel using (i) anti-CD14 magnetic microbeads, (ii) non-monocyte depletion by antibody-conjugated magnetic microbeads (negative selection), (iii) RosetteSep antibody cocktail, and (iv) the classical adherence protocol. The best results in terms of purity and cell functionality were obtained with positive selection by magnetic microbeads for both human granulocytes and monocytes. Whereas phagocytosis of Escherichia coli bacteria was identical in all isolation procedures tested, the granulocyte respiratory burst was higher in positively selected cells. In addition, different granulocyte enrichment procedures affect cell surface receptor expression to different extents. In toto, we propose that positive selection of granulocytes and monocytes be adopted as the procedure of choice for studies of human granulocyte and monocyte functions but caution investigators to be aware of possible alterations in cell phenotypes with different isolation procedures. Copyright

Published
2012
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27. Benefits of extensive recruitment effort persist during follow-ups and are consistent across age group and survey method. The TRAILS study

Author

Nederhof, E, Jorg, F, Raven, D, Veenstra, R, Verhulst, Frank, Ormel, J, Oldehinkel, AJ (A.), Nederhof, E, Jorg, F, Raven, D, Veenstra, R, Verhulst, Frank, Ormel, J, and Oldehinkel, AJ (A.)

Abstract

Background: Extensive recruitment effort at baseline increases representativeness of study populations by decreasing non-response and associated bias. First, it is not known to what extent increased attrition occurs during subsequent measurement waves among subjects who were hard-to-recruit at baseline and what characteristics the hard-to-recruit dropouts have compared to the hard-to-recruit retainers. Second, it is unknown whether characteristics of hard-to-recruit responders in a prospective population based cohort study are similar across age group and survey method. Methods: First, we compared first wave (T1) easy-to-recruit with hard-to-recruit responders of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a prospective population based cohort study of Dutch (pre) adolescents (at first wave: n = 2230, mean age = 11.09 (SD 0.56), 50.8% girls), with regard to response rates at subsequent measurement waves. Second, easy-to-recruit and hard-to-recruit participants at the fourth TRAILS measurement wave (n = 1881, mean age = 19.1 (SD 0.60), 52.3% girl Results: First, over 60% of the hard-to-recruit responders at the first wave were retained in the sample eight years later at the fourth measurement wave. Hard-to-recruit dropouts did not differ from hard-to-recruit retainers. Second, extensive recruitment efforts for the web based survey convinced a population of nineteen year olds with similar characteristics as the hard-to-recruit eleven year olds that were persuaded to participate in a school-based survey. Some characteristics associated wit Conclusions: First, extensive recruitment effort at the first assessment wave of a prospective population based cohort study has long lasting positive effects. Second, characteristics of hard-to-recruit responders are largely consistent across age groups and survey methods.

Published
2012

28. Predictive performance assessment: Trait and state dimensions should not be confused

Author

Pattyn, Nathalie, Cluydts, Raymond, Soetens, Eric, Migeotte, Pierre-François, Meeusen, Romain, Schutter, Guy De, Nederhof, E, Morais, Jose, Kolinsky, Régine, Pattyn, Nathalie, Cluydts, Raymond, Soetens, Eric, Migeotte, Pierre-François, Meeusen, Romain, Schutter, Guy De, Nederhof, E, Morais, Jose, and Kolinsky, Régine

Abstract

One of the major aims of performance investigation is to obtain a measure predicting real-life performance, in order to prevent consequences of a potential decrement. Whereas the predictive validity of such assessment has been extensively described for long-term outcomes, as is the case for testing in selection context, equivalent evidence is lacking regarding the short-term predictive value of cognitive testing, i.e. whether these results reflect real-life performance on an immediately subsequent task. In this series of experiments, we investigated both medium-term and short-term predictive value of psychophysiological testing with regard to real-life performance in two operational settings: military student pilots with regard to their success on an evaluation flight, and special forces candidates with regard to their performance on their training course. Our results showed some relationships between test performance and medium-term outcomes. However, no short-term predictive value could be identified for cognitive testing, despite the fact physiological data showed interesting trends. We recommend a critical distinction between "state" and "trait" dimensions of performance with regard to the predictive value of testing., SCOPUS: cp.p, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2008

29. Predictive performance assessment: Trait and State dimensions should not be confused

Author

Combined 10th ESA Life Science symposium and 29th annual meeting of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology (22-27 Jun 2008: Angers, FR), Pattyn, Nathalie, Migeotte, Pierre-François, Morais, Jose, Cluydts, Raymond, Soetens, Eric, Meeusen, R., De Schutter, Geert, Nederhof, E, Kolinsky, Régine, Combined 10th ESA Life Science symposium and 29th annual meeting of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology (22-27 Jun 2008: Angers, FR), Pattyn, Nathalie, Migeotte, Pierre-François, Morais, Jose, Cluydts, Raymond, Soetens, Eric, Meeusen, R., De Schutter, Geert, Nederhof, E, and Kolinsky, Régine

Abstract

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Published
2008

30. Suggesting a new framework for predictive performance assessment: Trait vs State dimensions

Author

7th COSPAR (Committee on Space Research) Scientific Assembly (13-20 July 2008: Montreal, CA), Pattyn, Nathalie, Morais, Jose, Kolinsky, Régine, Migeotte, Pierre-François, Soetens, Eric, Nederhof, E, De Schutter, Geert, Cluydts, Raymond, Meeusen, R., 7th COSPAR (Committee on Space Research) Scientific Assembly (13-20 July 2008: Montreal, CA), Pattyn, Nathalie, Morais, Jose, Kolinsky, Régine, Migeotte, Pierre-François, Soetens, Eric, Nederhof, E, De Schutter, Geert, Cluydts, Raymond, and Meeusen, R.

Abstract

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Published
2008

37. Plasticity Genes Do Not Modify Associations Between Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms.

Author

Stravrakakis, N., Oldehinkel, A. J., Nederhof, E., Oude Voshaar, R. C., Verhulst, F. C., Ormel, J., and de Jonge, P.

Abstract

Objective: Physical activity is inversely associated with depression in adolescents, but the overall associations are fairly weak, suggesting individual differences in the strength of the associations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasticity genes modify the reciprocal prospective associations between physical activity and depressive symptoms found previously. Methods: In a prospective population-based study {N = 1,196), physical activity and depressive symptoms were assessed three times, around the ages of 11, 13.5, and 16. Structural Equation Modeling was used to examine reciprocal effects of physical activity and depressive symptoms over time. The plasticity genes examined were 5-HTTLPR, DRD2, DRD4, MAOA, TPH1, 5-HTR2A, COMT, and BDNF . A cumulative gene plasticity index consisting of three groups (low, intermediate, and high) according to the number of plasticity alleles carried by the adolescents was created. Using a multigroup approach, we examined whether the associations between physical activity and depressive symptoms differed between the three cumulative plasticity groups, as well as between the individual polymorphisms. Results: We found significant cross-sectional and cross-lagged paths from physical activity to depressive symptoms and vice versa. Neither the cumulative plasticity index nor the individual polymorphisms modified the strengths of these associations. Conclusion: Associations between adolescents' physical activity and depressive symptoms are not modified by plasticity genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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38. Education for a sustainable agri-food system

Author

Dittrich, K., Dagevos, H., Jong, de, F.P.C.M., Seuneke, P., Beers, P.J., and Nederhof, E.

Subjects
Duurzame ontwikkeling, Voedselproductie, Duurzame landbouw, Onderwijs
Abstract

Food and the city has never been a more urgent theme than today, and The European Union’s priority to commit to innovation in this field will certainly enhance its economic and external strength and improve its competitive position in the world of food and life sciences. Europea Netherlands held a seminar on this topic in May 2016, during the Dutch EU presidency.To be part of this international endeavour, the Netherlands need to strengthen the digital market, support innovation in the internal market, boost domestic policy reforms, and embed their knowledge and skills in a European society that challenges itself and continues to innovate. The Netherlands is a global player in the agro, food and horticultural sector and a major player in the export market of agricultural products. This sector is one of its main economic pillars. New knowledge is being developed as we speak, which is also an export product in high demand, providing sizeable employment. This is only possible because the sector is innovative and remains up-to-date. The peri-urban areas in the Netherlands (both urban and rural areas) are characterized by high population density. This necessitates thinking about manufacturing, food, logistics and water management(circular economy). Land-based education and life sciences in the Netherlands may appear to be specific, yet it is broad too: the primary sectors are included, as well as the manufacturing businesses and services associated with it. Participants learn to work in an innovative sector in a society in transition, bringing together multiple disciplines (cross-overs) and stakeholders. This education is practical and has a strong connection to the industry. During the Europea seminar five professorships, installed by the ministry of Economic Affairs, focused on transitions in the agro and food sector. The five professorships are posted at the Dutch Agricultural Universities of applied sciences, including teacher education for sustainable connected learning and development for professional education and business communities.

39. Collaborative meta-analysis finds no evidence of a strong interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype contributing to the development of depression

Author

Lucy Bowes, Richard Burns, Alex Hatzimanolis, Gonneke Willemsen, Martin A. Kennedy, Kathryn J. Lester, Katerina A.B. Gawronski, Udo Dannlowski, Alison Goate, Carolyn Coffey, Matthias Nauck, David Stacey, Ricardo Araya, Frank Bellivier, Cecilia Åslund, Catherine Toben, Catharine Jawahar, Karen Ritchie, Emilie Olié, Gyorgy Bagdy, Nicholas G. Martin, Robert Culverhouse, Isabelle Jaussent, Peter Petschner, Eric O. Johnson, Nancy L. Saccone, Sandra Villafuerte, Mohamed Lajnef, John I. Nurnberger, Volker Arolt, Laura Mandelli, Philippe Courtet, Henry Völzke, Yinjiao Ma, Craig A. Olsson, Y. Tian, Bernhard T. Baune, Keriann Little, Wouter J. Peyrot, Nicholas W.J. Wainwright, Helen L. Fisher, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Manfred Laucht, E.J.C. de Geus, Jan Smit, Sébastien Guillaume, J. M. Scheid, S Van der Auwera, Christian Schwahn, Hans-Jörgen Grabe, Kent W. Nilsson, Xenia Gonda, Dana A. Glei, Gabriella Juhasz, Bruno Etain, C. Holzman, Maxine Weinstein, Thalia C. Eley, Kaarin J. Anstey, Marco Sarchiapone, John Francis William Deakin, Naomi Breslau, P. G. Surtees, John Kramer, J-J Hottenga, Enda M. Byrne, Marcus R. Munafò, Christine Jennen-Steinmetz, Laura J. Bierut, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Noreen Goldman, Dorret I. Boomsma, Simon Easteal, Margit Burmeister, John Horwood, George C Patton, Tobias Banaschewski, David M. Fergusson, Amy C. Horton, Mary A. Whooley, J. C. Wang, Esther Nederhof, H. M. Zu Schwabedissen, Grant C.B. Sinnamon, Christian Otte, Sarah Cohen-Woods, Ian M. Anderson, William L. Coventry, Tracy Air, Christel M. Middeldorp, Nicholas C. Stefanis, Alessandro Serretti, Johan Ormel, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, APH - Personalized Medicine, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, roussel, pascale, Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Variabilité de réponse aux Psychotropes (VariaPsy - U1144), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Montpellier (UM), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Culverhouse, R.C., Saccone, N.L., Horton, A.C., Ma, Y., Anstey, K.J., Banaschewski, T., Burmeister, M., Cohen-Woods, S., Etain, B., Fisher, H.L., Goldman, N., Guillaume, S., Horwood, J., Juhasz, G., Lester, K.J., Mandelli, L., Middeldorp, C.M., Olié, E., Villafuerte, S., Air, T.M., Araya, R., Bowes, L., Burns, R., Byrne, E.M., Coffey, C., Coventry, W.L., Gawronski, K.A.B., Glei, D., Hatzimanolis, A., Hottenga, J.-J., Jaussent, I., Jawahar, C., Jennen-Steinmetz, C., Kramer, J.R., Lajnef, M., Little, K., Zu Schwabedissen, H.M., Nauck, M., Nederhof, E., Petschner, P., Peyrot, W.J., Schwahn, C., Sinnamon, G., Stacey, D., Tian, Y., Toben, C., Van Der Auwera, S., Wainwright, N., Wang, J.-C., Willemsen, G., Anderson, I.M., Arolt, V., Aslund, C., Bagdy, G., Baune, B.T., Bellivier, F., Boomsma, D.I., Courtet, P., Dannlowski, U., De Geus, E.J.C., Deakin, J.F.W., Easteal, S., Eley, T., Fergusson, D.M., Goate, A.M., Gonda, X., Grabe, H.J., Holzman, C., Johnson, E.O., Kennedy, M., Laucht, M., Martin, N.G., Munafò, M.R., Nilsson, K.W., Oldehinkel, A.J., Olsson, C.A., Ormel, J., Otte, C., Patton, G.C., Penninx, B.W.J.H., Ritchie, K., Sarchiapone, M., Scheid, J.M., Serretti, A., Smit, J.H., Stefanis, N.C., Surtees, P.G., Völzke, H., Weinstein, M., Whooley, M., Nurnberger, J.I., Breslau, N., Bierut, L.J., Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département d'Etudes des Combustibles (DEC), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Medical Faculty [Mannheim], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, China Jiliang University (CJLU), Psychiatry, and APH - Digital Health

Subjects
DISORDER, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), SAMPLE, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Brain and Behaviour, 0302 clinical medicine, Cooperative Behavior, Gene–environment interaction, Depression (differential diagnoses), Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, RISK, Depression, Tobacco and Alcohol, Interaction hypothesis, Life Change Event, Justice and Strong Institutions, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION, Psychiatry and Mental health, Meta-analysis, Psychology, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Protein, Molecular Biology, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Mental Health, Human, Clinical psychology, SDG 16 - Peace, LIFE EVENTS, Genotype, POLYMORPHISM 5-HTTLPR, Stress, Article, CHILDHOOD MALTREATMENT, Life Change Events, 03 medical and health sciences, Journal Article, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Risk factor, Depressive Disorder, SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER GENE, Stressor, SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, MAJOR DEPRESSION, 030227 psychiatry, 5-HTTLPR, Behavioral medicine, COHORT PROFILE, Psychological, Gene-Environment Interaction, Stress, Psychological, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The hypothesis that the S allele of the 5-HTTLPR serotonin transporter promoter region is associated with increased risk of depression, but only in individuals exposed to stressful situations, has generated much interest, research and controversy since first proposed in 2003. Multiple meta-analyses combining results from heterogeneous analyses have not settled the issue. To determine the magnitude of the interaction and the conditions under which it might be observed, we performed new analyses on 31 data sets containing 38 802 European ancestry subjects genotyped for 5-HTTLPR and assessed for depression and childhood maltreatment or other stressful life events, and meta-analysed the results. Analyses targeted two stressors (narrow, broad) and two depression outcomes (current, lifetime). All groups that published on this topic prior to the initiation of our study and met the assessment and sample size criteria were invited to participate. Additional groups, identified by consortium members or self-identified in response to our protocol (published prior to the start of analysis) with qualifying unpublished data, were also invited to participate. A uniform data analysis script implementing the protocol was executed by each of the consortium members. Our findings do not support the interaction hypothesis. We found no subgroups or variable definitions for which an interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype was statistically significant. In contrast, our findings for the main effects of life stressors (strong risk factor) and 5-HTTLPR genotype (no impact on risk) are strikingly consistent across our contributing studies, the original study reporting the interaction and subsequent meta-analyses. Our conclusion is that if an interaction exists in which the S allele of 5-HTTLPR increases risk of depression only in stressed individuals, then it is not broadly generalisable, but must be of modest effect size and only observable in limited situations.Molecular Psychiatry advance online publication, 4 April 2017; doi:10.1038/mp.2017.44.

Published
2018

40. Effects of macronutrient intake in obesity: a meta-analysis of low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets on markers of the metabolic syndrome.

Author

Willems AEM, Sura-de Jong M, van Beek AP, Nederhof E, and van Dijk G

Subjects
Energy Intake, Humans, Metabolic Syndrome, Nutrients, Weight Loss, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted, Diet, Fat-Restricted, Obesity diet therapy
Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises cardiometabolic risk factors frequently found in individuals with obesity. Guidelines to prevent or reverse MetS suggest limiting fat intake, however, lowering carbohydrate intake has gained attention too. The aim for this review was to determine to what extent either weight loss, reduction in caloric intake, or changes in macronutrient intake contribute to improvement in markers of MetS in persons with obesity without cardiometabolic disease. A meta-analysis was performed across a spectrum of studies applying low-carbohydrate (LC) and low-fat (LF) diets. PubMed searches yielded 17 articles describing 12 separate intervention studies assessing changes in MetS markers of persons with obesity assigned to LC (<40% energy from carbohydrates) or LF (<30% energy from fat) diets. Both diets could lead to weight loss and improve markers of MetS. Meta-regression revealed that weight loss most efficaciously reduced fasting glucose levels independent of macronutrient intake at the end of the study. Actual carbohydrate intake and actual fat intake at the end of the study, but not the percent changes in intake of these macronutrients, improved diastolic blood pressure and circulating triglyceride levels, without an effect of weight loss. The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance improved with both diets, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol only improved in the LC diet, both irrespective of aforementioned factors. Remarkably, changes in caloric intake did not play a primary role in altering MetS markers. Taken together, these data suggest that, beyond the general effects of the LC and LF diet categories to improve MetS markers, there are also specific roles for weight loss, LC and HF intake, but not reduced caloric intake, that improve markers of MetS irrespective of diet categorization. On the basis of the results from this meta-analysis, guidelines to prevent MetS may need to be re-evaluated., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Life Sciences Institute.)

Published
2021
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41. The greener the better? Does neighborhood greenness buffer the effects of stressful life events on externalizing behavior in late adolescence?

Author

Weeland J, Laceulle OM, Nederhof E, Overbeek G, and Reijneveld SA

Subjects
Adolescent, Female, Humans, Male, Netherlands, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Juvenile Delinquency psychology, Psychology, Adolescent, Residence Characteristics, Stress, Psychological prevention & control
Abstract

We tested whether neighborhood greenness is a promotive and/or a protective factor in the development of adolescent externalizing behavior problems and explored a possible mechanism of its effects via respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) recovery after stress. Data from a longitudinal multi-method study on adolescents (N = 715) was used. Result showed that neighborhood greenness was neither a promotive nor a protective factor. However, adolescents who reported more stressful life events showed more externalizing behavior and -contrary to our expectation- this effect was stronger for adolescents who grew up in greener neighborhoods (vs. less green neighborhoods)., (Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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43. Adversity-driven changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning during adolescence. The trails study.

Author

Laceulle OM, Nederhof E, van Aken MAG, and Ormel J

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Young Adult, Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events, Hydrocortisone metabolism, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System metabolism, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System physiopathology, Pituitary-Adrenal System metabolism, Pituitary-Adrenal System physiopathology, Stress, Psychological metabolism, Stress, Psychological physiopathology
Abstract

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been proposed to be a key mechanism underlying the link between adversity and mental health, but longitudinal studies on adversity and HPA-axis functioning are scarce. Here, we studied adversity-driven changes in HPA-axis functioning during adolescence (N=141). HPA-axis functioning (basal cortisol, cortisol awakening response, anticipation of, reaction to and recovery after a stress task) was measured twice, at age 16 and 19. Adversity (i.e., social defeat and loss/illness) since age 16 was measured extensively with the Life Stress Interview at age 19. Adolescents who reported being exposed to social defeat showed increases in basal cortisol (ɳ 2 =0.029) and decreases in reaction to the stress task (ɳ 2 =0.030) from age 16-19, compared to their peers in the loss/illness and no stress group. The current study provides unique longitudinal data on the role of adversity in HPA-axis functioning. Evidence is provided that adversity can affect the body's neuroendocrine response to stress, dependent on the nature of both the HPA-measures and adverse events under study., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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44. The adaptive calibration model of stress responsivity: An empirical test in the Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey study.

Author

Ellis BJ, Oldehinkel AJ, and Nederhof E

Subjects
Adolescent, Calibration, Child, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Models, Theoretical, Netherlands, Stress, Psychological classification, Adolescent Behavior physiology, Adolescent Development physiology, Parasympathetic Nervous System physiopathology, Stress, Psychological physiopathology, Sympathetic Nervous System physiopathology
Abstract

The adaptive calibration model (ACM) is a theory of developmental programing focusing on calibration of stress response systems and associated life history strategies to local environmental conditions. In this article, we tested some key predictions of the ACM in a longitudinal study of Dutch adolescent males (11-16 years old; N = 351). Measures of sympathetic, parasympathetic, and adrenocortical activation, reactivity to, and recovery from social-evaluative stress validated the four-pattern taxonomy of the ACM via latent profile analysis, though with some deviations from expected patterns. The physiological profiles generally showed predicted associations with antecedent measures of familial and ecological conditions and life stress; as expected, high- and low-responsivity patterns were found under both low-stress and high-stress family conditions. The four patterns were also differentially associated with aggressive/rule-breaking behavior and withdrawn/depressed behavior. This study provides measured support for key predictions of the ACM and highlights important empirical issues and methodological challenges for future research.

Published
2017
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45. Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial to explore the effects of personalized lifestyle advices and tandem skydives on pleasure in anhedonic young adults.

Author

van Roekel E, Masselink M, Vrijen C, Heininga VE, Bak T, Nederhof E, and Oldehinkel AJ

Subjects
Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Research Design, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Anhedonia, Depression prevention & control, Life Style, Pleasure, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Abstract

Background: Anhedonia is generally defined as the inability to feel pleasure in response to experiences that are usually enjoyable. Anhedonia is one of the two core symptoms of depression and is a major public health concern. Anhedonia has proven particularly difficult to counteract and predicts poor treatment response generally. It has often been hypothesized that anhedonia can be deterred by a healthy lifestyle. However, it is quite unlikely that a one-size-fits-all approach will be effective for everyone. In this study the effects of personalized lifestyle advice based on observed individual patterns of lifestyle behaviors and experienced pleasure will be examined. Further, we will explore whether a tandem skydive following the personalized lifestyle advice positively influences anhedonic young adults' abilities to carry out the recommended lifestyle changes, and whether this ultimately improves their self-reported pleasure., Methods: Our study design is an exploratory intervention study, preceded by a cross-sectional survey as a screening instrument. For the survey, 2000 young adults (18-24 years old) will be selected from the general population. Based on survey outcomes, 72 individuals (36 males and 36 females) with persistent anhedonia (i.e., more than two months) and 60 individuals (30 males and 30 females) without anhedonia (non-anhedonic control group) will be selected for the intervention study. The non-anhedonic control group will fill out momentary assessments of pleasure and lifestyle behaviors three times a day, for one month. The anhedonic individuals will fill out momentary assessments for three consecutive months. After the first month, the anhedonic individuals will be randomly assigned to (1) no intervention, (2) lifestyle advice only, (3) lifestyle advice plus tandem skydive. The personalized lifestyle advice is based on patterns observed in the first month., Discussion: The present study is the first to examine the effects of a personalized lifestyle advice and tandem skydive on pleasure in anhedonic young adults. Results of the present study may improve treatment for anhedonia, if the interventions are found to be effective., Trial Registration: Dutch Trial Register, NTR5498 , registered September 22, 2015 (retrospectively registered).

Published
2016
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46. Chronic Stress and Adolescents' Mental Health: Modifying Effects of Basal Cortisol and Parental Psychiatric History. The TRAILS Study.

Author

Zandstra AR, Hartman CA, Nederhof E, van den Heuvel ER, Dietrich A, Hoekstra PJ, and Ormel J

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Stress, Psychological metabolism, Adolescent Behavior physiology, Child of Impaired Parents psychology, Hydrocortisone analysis, Mental Disorders psychology, Parents psychology, Problem Behavior psychology, Stress, Psychological physiopathology
Abstract

Large individual differences in adolescent mental health following chronic psychosocial stress suggest moderating factors. We examined two established moderators, basal cortisol and parental psychiatric history, simultaneously. We hypothesized that individuals with high basal cortisol, assumed to indicate high context sensitivity, would show relatively high problem levels following chronic stress, especially in the presence of parental psychiatric history. With Linear Mixed Models, we investigated the hypotheses in 1917 Dutch adolescents (53.2% boys), assessed at ages 11, 13.5, and 16. Low basal cortisol combined with the absence of a parental psychiatric history increased the risk of externalizing but not internalizing problems following chronic stress. Conversely, low basal cortisol combined with a substantial parental psychiatric history increased the risk of internalizing but not externalizing problems following chronic stress. Thus, parental psychiatric history moderated stress- cortisol interactions in predicting psychopathology, but in a different direction than hypothesized. We conclude that the premise that basal cortisol indicates context sensitivity may be too crude. Context sensitivity may not be a general trait but may depend on the nature of the context (e.g., type or duration of stress exposure) and on the outcome of interest (e.g., internalizing vs. externalizing problems). Although consistent across informants, our findings need replication.

Published
2015
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47. Autonomic and Adrenocortical Interactions Predict Mental Health in Late Adolescence: The TRAILS Study.

Author

Nederhof E, Marceau K, Shirtcliff EA, Hastings PD, and Oldehinkel AJ

Subjects
Adolescent, Allostasis physiology, Anxiety diagnosis, Anxiety psychology, Arousal physiology, Depression diagnosis, Depression psychology, Female, Heart Rate physiology, Humans, Hydrocortisone analysis, Male, Mental Health, Prospective Studies, Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia physiology, Saliva chemistry, Stress, Psychological physiopathology, Stress, Psychological psychology, Young Adult, Anxiety physiopathology, Autonomic Nervous System physiopathology, Depression physiopathology, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System physiopathology, Pituitary-Adrenal System physiopathology
Abstract

The present study is informed by the theory of allostatic load to examine how multiple stress responsive biomarkers are related to mental health outcomes. Data are from the TRAILS study, a large prospective population study of 715 Dutch adolescents (50.9 % girls), assessed at 16.3 and 19.1 years. Reactivity measures of the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system (ANS) biomarkers (heart rate, HR; respiratory sinus arrhythmia, RSA; and pre-ejection period, PEP) to a social stress task were used to predict concurrent and longitudinal changes in internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed relatively few single effects for each biomarker with the exception that high HR reactivity predicted concurrent internalizing problems in boys. More interestingly, interactions were found between HPA-axis reactivity and sympathetic and parasympathetic reactivity. Boys with high HPA reactivity and low RSA reactivity had the largest increases in internalizing problems from 16 to 19 years. Youth with low HPA reactivity along with increased ANS activation characterized by both decreases in RSA and decreases in PEP had the most concurrent externalizing problems, consistent with broad theories of hypo-arousal. Youth with high HPA reactivity along with increases in RSA but decreases in PEP also had elevated concurrent externalizing problems, which increased over time, especially within boys. This profile illustrates the utility of examining the parasympathetic and sympathetic components of the ANS which can act in opposition to one another to achieve, overall, stress responsivity. The framework of allostasis and allostatic load is supported in that examination of multiple biomarkers working together in concert was of value in understanding mental health problems concurrently and longitudinally. Findings argue against an additive panel of risk and instead illustrate the dynamic interplay of stress physiology systems.

Published
2015
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48. Adolescent personality: associations with Basal, awakening, and stress-induced cortisol responses.

Author

Laceulle OM, Nederhof E, van Aken MA, and Ormel J

Subjects
Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders metabolism, Conscience, Extraversion, Psychological, Female, Humans, Male, Neuroticism, Prospective Studies, Adolescent Development physiology, Hydrocortisone metabolism, Personality physiology, Stress, Psychological metabolism
Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the associations between personality facets and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning. Previous studies have mainly focussed on stress-induced HPA-axis activation. We hypothesized that other characteristics of HPA-axis functioning would have a stronger association with personality based on the neuroendocrine literature. Data (n = 343) were used from the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a large prospective cohort study of Dutch adolescents. We studied the association between facets of Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness and basal cortisol, the cortisol awakening response (CAR), and four measures of stress-induced HPA-axis activity. Basal cortisol levels were related to facets of all three personality traits. The CAR and stress-induced cortisol were not related to personality. Possibly due to its more trait-like nature, basal cortisol seems more informative than stress-induced cortisol when investigating trait-like characteristics such as personality facets., (© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Published
2015
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49. I just ran a thousand analyses: benefits of multiple testing in understanding equivocal evidence on gene-environment interactions.

Author

Heininga VE, Oldehinkel AJ, Veenstra R, and Nederhof E

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Alleles, Child Abuse, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease genetics, Genotype, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Sex Factors, Young Adult, Depression genetics, Gene-Environment Interaction, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins genetics
Abstract

Background: In psychiatric genetics research, the volume of ambivalent findings on gene-environment interactions (G x E) is growing at an accelerating pace. In response to the surging suspicions of systematic distortion, we challenge the notion of chance capitalization as a possible contributor. Beyond qualifying multiple testing as a mere methodological issue that, if uncorrected, leads to chance capitalization, we advance towards illustrating the potential benefits of multiple tests in understanding equivocal evidence in genetics literature., Method: We focused on the interaction between the serotonin-transporter-linked promotor region (5-HTTLPR) and childhood adversities with regard to depression. After testing 2160 interactions with all relevant measures available within the Dutch population study of adolescents TRAILS, we calculated percentages of significant (p < .05) effects for several subsets of regressions. Using chance capitalization (i.e. overall significance rate of 5% alpha and randomly distributed findings) as a competing hypothesis, we expected more significant effects in the subsets of regressions involving: 1) interview-based instead of questionnaire-based measures; 2) abuse instead of milder childhood adversities; and 3) early instead of later adversities. Furthermore, we expected equal significance percentages across 4) male and female subsamples, and 5) various genotypic models of 5-HTTLPR., Results: We found differences in the percentages of significant interactions among the subsets of analyses, including those regarding sex-specific subsamples and genetic modeling, but often in unexpected directions. Overall, the percentage of significant interactions was 7.9% which is only slightly above the 5% that might be expected based on chance., Conclusion: Taken together, multiple testing provides a novel approach to better understand equivocal evidence on G x E, showing that methodological differences across studies are a likely reason for heterogeneity in findings - but chance capitalization is at least equally plausible.

Published
2015
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50. The role of Basal cortisol in predicting change in mental health problems across the transition to middle school.

Author

Zandstra AR, Ormel J, Nederhof E, Hoekstra PJ, and Hartman CA

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Saliva metabolism, Surveys and Questionnaires, Hydrocortisone analysis, Mental Health, Stress, Psychological metabolism, Stress, Psychological psychology, Wakefulness
Abstract

Purpose: The period in which the transition to middle school occurs is marked by major changes in social context, social rules, and scholastic responsibilities. Some adolescents thrive during this period whereas others are overwhelmed and fail to cope adequately with their changing environment. We investigated basal cortisol upon waking as a predictor of change in mental health problems across the transition to middle school. By taking into account the transition experience, we extend prior findings that high basal cortisol predicts deteriorated mental health after the transition. In individuals with high awakening cortisol, we expected mental health problems to increase after negative transition experiences and to decrease after positive transition experiences, reflecting differential susceptibility. Evidence for the former but not the latter would suggest diathesis-stress., Methods: Data from 1,664 subjects were obtained from two measurement waves (mean ages, 11 and 13.5 years) of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey. Using linear regression, we investigated effects of awakening cortisol level, school transition experience, and their hypothesized interaction on change in mental health problems., Results: We found that a negative but not a positive experience was predictive of change in mental health. Importantly, our results showed that a negative experience predicts deteriorated mental health only in adolescents with high awakening cortisol but not in adolescents with low awakening cortisol. This finding was robust across informants. The converse, high awakening cortisol predicting decreasing mental health problems after a positive transition was not found., Conclusions: These results support the diathesis-stress model but not the differential susceptibility hypothesis., (Copyright © 2015 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2015
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