62 results on '"CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA"'
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2. Positive SAM trend as seen in the Brazilian Earth System Model (BESM) future scenarios
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Luciana Prado, Ronald Souza, and ILANA WAINER
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CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,Multidisciplinary ,Climate ,Climate Change ,Oceans and Seas ,Global Warming ,Brazil - Abstract
Polar regions are among the most affected areas by the current global warming. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH), impacts of a warmer climate include decrease in sea-ice extent, changes in oceanic and in atmospheric circulation. Recently, some of these impacts were reinforced by the positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). SAM is the dominant mode of variability of the SH extratropical climate and manifests as a "ring-shape" regular pattern of atmospheric mean sea level pressure (MSLP) with opposite sign between mid and high SH latitudes. Over the last three decades, SAM has presented a positive trend, and some studies associate it to stratospheric ozone depletion and to an increase in greenhouse gases concentration. As this debate is still open, climate models constitute useful tools to understand the SH variability in future scenarios. Here we use monthly MSLP outputs from the Brazilian Earth System Model (BESM) to examine SAM temporal and spatial behavior in future climate scenarios compared to the historical period. Our results for the BESM simulations suggest that the mean spatial pattern of SAM does not change with global warming, but an increase in the radiative forcing may reinforce positive SAM values obtained for the historical period.
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- 2022
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3. Late Holocene Precipitation Fluctuations in South America Triggered by Variability of the North Atlantic Overturning Circulation
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Francisco W. Cruz, Andrea Jaeschke, Philipp Geppert, Leila M. V. Carvalho, Ana Luiza Spadano Albuquerque, Enno Schefuß, Janet Rethemeyer, Oliver Friedrich, André Bahr, Joerg Pross, Cristiano Mazur Chiessi, and Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr
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CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,Atmospheric Science ,Oceanography ,Paleontology ,Circulation (currency) ,Precipitation ,Geology ,Holocene - Published
- 2021
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4. Physical Drivers and Dominant Oceanographic Processes on the Uruguayan Margin (Southwestern Atlantic): A Review and a Conceptual Model
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Mónica Gómez, Michel Michaelovitch de Mahiques, Danilo Calliari, Leticia Burone, Paula Franco-Fraguas, Leonardo Ortega, Alvar Carranza, Yamandú Marín, and Ofelia Gutiérrez
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Earth science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ocean Engineering ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Oceanography ,Empirical research ,Continental margin ,lcsh:VM1-989 ,Margin (machine learning) ,Southwestern Atlantic ,lcsh:GC1-1581 ,Baseline (configuration management) ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,media_common ,Ocean current ,lcsh:Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering ,Contourite ,Uruguayan margin ,Seafloor spreading ,conceptual models ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,Conceptual model ,Geology - Abstract
The Uruguayan continental margin (UCM), located in the Southwestern Atlantic margin’s subtropical region, is positioned in a critical transitional region regarding the global ocean circulation (Río de la Plata (RdlP) outflow and Brazil-Malvinas Confluence), as also reflected in seafloor features (northernmost distribution of a large depositional contourite system and RdlP paleovalley). This complex oceanographic scenario occurring in a relatively small area highlights the advantage of considering the UCM as a natural laboratory for oceanographic research. The present work provides the first conceptual “control” model of the physical drivers (i.e., climate, geomorphology) and main oceanographic processes (i.e., hydrodynamics, sediment, and carbon dynamics) occurring along the UCM, reviewing and synthesizing available relevant information based on a functional integrated approach. Despite the conspicuous knowledge gaps on critical processes, a general picture of the system’s functioning is emerging for this complex biophysical setting. This includes conceptualizations of the actual controls, main processes, feedbacks, and interactions responsible for system dynamics. The structure adopted for developing our conceptual models allows permanent improvement by empirical testing of the working hypothesis and incorporating new information as scientific knowledge advances. These models can be used as a baseline for developing quantitative models and, as representations of relatively “pristine” conditions, for stressors models by identifying sources of stress and ecological responses of key system attributes under a transboundary approach.
- Published
- 2021
5. The role of tides, river discharge and wind on the residual circulation of Maputo Bay
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Valentim, Samuel S.
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CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA - Published
- 2021
6. The South Atlantic Meridional overturning circulation and mesoscale eddies in the first go‐ship section at 34.5ºS
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Meinen, C. S.
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CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA - Published
- 2021
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7. Highly variable upper and abyssal overturning cells in the South Atlantic
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Perez, Renellys C.
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CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA - Published
- 2020
8. Estrutura vertical e variabilidade temporal de correntes na plataforma continental interna do sul do Brasil
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Santos, Julia Gil dos and Garcia, Carlos Alberto Eiras
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Medições in situ de velocidade ,Plataforma Continental Sul do Brasil ,tidal currents ,direct current measurements ,Correntes de maré ,Circulação oceânica ,Costal circulation ,south Brazilian inner shelf - Abstract
Este estudo investiga o impacto dos ventos, marés e descargas fluviais nas correntes costeiras e na variabilidade da salinidade da plataforma interna do sul do Brasil. Foram utilizados medições in situ coletadas por uma boia meteoceanográfica do Sistema de Monitoramento da Costa Brasileira (SiMCosta) durante 315 dias consecutivos, com início em Dezembro de 2016 à Outubro de 2017. A boia de monitoramento denominada RS05 está ancorada próxima a desembocadura da Lagoa dos Patos, conhecida como a maior laguna do mundo. A série temporal de correntes pode ser interpretada como uma soma de fluxos de alta variabilidade, correlacionada com a tensão do vento local e com um fluxo residual de alguns centímetros por segundo para sul, ao longo da costa. Correntes de maré foram predominantemente diurnas, mas desprezíveis, representando aproximadamente 1,7% da variabilidade total das correntes na região. Foi encontrado a predominância de ventos de noroeste e corrente de sudeste na plataforma interna, com fluxo intermitente de corrente, tanto na componente longitudinal como na transversal, devido às passagens de frentes meteorológicas. As análises espectrais para ambas as componentes de corrente apresentam padrões similares de frequências, o que indica a prevalência de eventos de alta energia em períodos de 3 a 10 dias, para toda a séries temporal. A corrente longitudinal é altamente correlacionada (r = 0.77, p 40h) e altas (período 40h) - and high-frequency (period
- Published
- 2020
9. Strong Mixing and Recirculation in the Northwestern Argentine Basin
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Christopher S. Meinen, Alberto R. Piola, Edmo J. D. Campos, and Daniel Valla
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0106 biological sciences ,Water mass ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Structural basin ,Oceanography ,01 natural sciences ,Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https] ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,GENERAL CIRCULATION ,Geomorphology ,Mixing (physics) ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,SOUTH ATLANTIC ,WATER MASSES ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Oceanografía, Hidrología, Recursos Hídricos ,Boundary current ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,Geophysics ,Space and Planetary Science ,General Circulation Model ,Thermohaline circulation ,WESTERN BOUNDARY CURRENT ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION ,Geology - Abstract
The Atlantic component of the Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a key contributor to the global meridional transport of volume, salt, and heat, and thus plays a central role in global climate. As part of ongoing efforts to monitor the intensity and variability of the AMOC in the South Atlantic, hydrographic sections have been regularly occupied since 2009 near the western boundary along a zonal line at 34.5°S. Here this high-quality, high-resolution data set is analyzed to establish the average hydrographic conditions of the northwestern Argentine Basin and the water mass spatial and temporal variability. The water mass analysis also reveals the pathways of the flow in this region, which are further corroborated by full-depth direct velocity measurements. The repeated hydrographic sections capture an extremely rich vertical structure, characterized by seven distinct water mass layers of northern and southern origin, each with unique property signatures. Almost all of these layers exhibit a sharp zonally banded structure, which is indicative of recirculation cells offshore from the western boundary. The circulation at intermediate levels includes a previously undetected recirculation cell confined very close to the western boundary and superimposed on the classical intermediate water pathway beneath the South Atlantic subtropical gyre. The deep level flow is characterized by the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) and a northward recirculation ~500 km east from the slope. Fil: Valla, Daniel. Ministerio de Defensa. Armada Argentina. Servicio de Hidrografía Naval; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos; Argentina Fil: Piola, Alberto Ricardo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Ministerio de Defensa. Armada Argentina. Servicio de Hidrografía Naval; Argentina Fil: Meinen, Christopher S.. Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory; Estados Unidos Fil: Campos, Edmo. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil
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- 2018
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10. Estudo do campo de velocidade de correntes superficiais no Oceano Atlântico Sul a partir de dados de boias de deriva.
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Moura, Regiane, de Souza, Ronald Buss, and Marone, Eduardo
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OCEAN circulation ,OCEAN currents ,ANTARCTIC Circumpolar Current ,VELOCITY distribution (Statistical mechanics) ,STANDARD deviations - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ambiente e Água is the property of Revista Ambiente e Agua and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
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11. Abyssal transport variations in the southwest South Atlantic: first insights from a long‐term observation array at 34.5°S
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Campos, Edmo José Dias
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CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA - Published
- 2019
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12. Refinement of Miocene sea level and monsoon events from the sedimentary archive of the Maldives (Indian Ocean)
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Loren M. Petruny, Sébastien Haffen, Christian Betzler, Peter K. Swart, Luca Lanci, Thomas Lüdmann, Mayuri Inoue, Clara L. Blättler, Santi D. Pratiwi, Jeremy R. Young, Montserrat Alonso-Garcia, Luigi Jovane, Juan Carlos Laya, A. L. Hui Mee, John J. G. Reijmer, Kaoru Niino, Carlos A. Alvarez-Zarikian, Angela L. Slagle, B.N. Nath, Jesús Reolid, Gregor P. Eberli, Zhengquan Yao, Junhua Adam Guo, James D. Wright, Craig R. Sloss, Masatoshi Nakakuni, Or M. Bialik, Xiang Su, Dick Kroon, Senay Horozal, and Geology and Geochemistry
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System ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Carbonate-platform ,Evolution ,Carbonate platform ,Late Miocene ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Neogene ,Monsoon ,01 natural sciences ,Paleontology ,Ocean circulation ,Ice volume ,Currents ,Architecture ,SDG 13 - Climate Action ,Sea level ,SDG 14 - Life Below Water ,Indian Ocean ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Icehouse world ,lcsh:QE1-996.5 ,lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,International Ocean Discovery Program ,lcsh:Geology ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,Circulation ,Middle Miocene ,lcsh:G ,Asian monsoon ,Archipelago ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Progradation ,Geology - Abstract
International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 359 cored sediments from eight borehole locations in the carbonate platform of the Maldives in the Indian Ocean. The expedition set out to unravel the timing of Neogene climate changes, in particular the evolution of the South Asian monsoon and fluctuations of the sea level. The timing of these changes are assessed by dating resultant sedimentary alterations that mark stratigraphic turning points in the Neogene Maldives platform system. The first four turning points during the early and middle Miocene are related to sea-level changes. These are reliably recorded in the stratigraphy of the carbonate sequences in which sequence boundaries provide the ages of the sea-level lowstand. Phases of aggradational platform growth give precise age brackets of long-term sea-level high stands during the early Miocene and the early to middle Miocene Climate Optimum that is dated here between 17 to 15.1 Ma. The subsequent middle Miocene cooling coincident with the eastern Antarctic ice sheet expansion resulted in a long-term lowering of sea level that is reflected by a progradational platform growth. The change in platform architecture from aggradation to progradation marks this turning point at 15.1 Ma.& para;& para;An abrupt change in sedimentation pattern is recognized across the entire archipelago at a sequence boundary dated as 12.9-13 Ma. At this turning point, the platform sedimentation switched to a current-controlled mode when the monsoon-wind-driven circulation started in the Indian Ocean. The similar age of the onset of drift deposition from monsoon-wind-driven circulation across the entire archipelago indicates an abrupt onset of monsoon winds in the Indian Ocean. Ten unconformities dissect the drift sequences, attesting changes in current strength or direction that are likely caused by the combined product of changes in the monsoon-wind intensity and sea level fluctuations in the last 13 Ma. A major shift in the drift packages is dated with 3.8 Ma that coincides with the end of stepwise platform drowning and a reduction of the oxygen minimum zone in the Inner Sea.& para;& para;The strata of the Maldives platform provides a detailed record of the extrinsic controlling factors on carbonate platform growth through time. This potential of carbonate platforms for dating the Neogene climate and current changes has been exploited in other platforms drilled by the Ocean Drilling Program. For example, Great Bahama Bank, the Queensland Plateau, and the platforms on the Marion Plateau show similar histories with sediment architectures driven by sea level in their early history (early to middle Miocene) replaced by current-driven drowning or partial drowning during their later history (Late Miocene). In all three platform systems, the influence of currents on sedimentations is reported between 11 and 13 Ma. German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [03S0405, 03G0236A]; New Zealand institute for Geological and Nuclear Sciences; US National Science Foundation (NSF); Ministry of Earth Sciences (India); European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD); Australian Research Council; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT); Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources; Ministry of Science and Technology (People's Republic of China) info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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- 2018
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13. Characterization and quantification of turbulent mixing in two regions of the southwestern Atlantic Ocean
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Avila, Rafael André and Calil, Paulo Henrique Rezende
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Turbulence ,Turbulência ,Oceano Atlântico Sudoeste ,Southwestern Atlantic Ocean ,Plataforma Continental do Atlântico Sudoeste ,Ocean circulation ,Cadeia Vitória-Trindade ,Oceanografia ,Circulação oceânica - Abstract
A Plataforma Continental Sul-Brasileira e a Cadeia Vitória-Trindade são duas regiõesimportantes no Oceano Atlântico Sudoeste que foram previamente investigadas emtermos de circulação e dinâmica, além das possíveis consequências nas respostasfísico-biológicas locais. Entretanto, ambas as regiões nunca foram caracterizadas emtermos de mistura turbulenta, a qual forneceria uma contribuição importante acercado conhecimento desses locais e das possíveis implicações na dinâmica do OceanoAtlântico Sudoeste. Nesta tese estão apresentadas as primeiras observações de turbulência de microestrutura nestas regiões, com o objetivo de caracterizar o padrão de mistura turbulenta e quantificar sua magnitude. Os resultados na Plataforma Continental Sul-Brasileira demonstram a importância da pluma do Rio da Prata em inibir a misturavertical nessa plataforma continental dinâmica e também sugerem a presença deuma região dinâmica intermediária na pluma quando esta se aproxima da quebrade plataforma. Os resultados obtidos na Cadeia Vitória-Trindade demonstram quea região é um "hot-spot" de mistura devido `as interações do escoamento com a complexa batimetria local, além de ser um local propenso `a geração de mistura turbulenta em subsuperfície devido `a ocorrência de marés internas. Os resultados aqui obtidos representam uma contribuição inicial para o entendimento dos processos de mistura turbulenta no Oceano Atlântico Sudoeste. Esta tese visa prover uma base para futuros estudos e contribuir para a compreensão dos processos de turbulência nessas importantes regiões. The Southern Brazilian Shelf and The Vitória-Trindade Ridge are two important regionsin the southwestern Atlantic Ocean, which were previously investigated in termsof circulation and dynamics, and the respective implications in the local physical andbiological responses. However, these areas have never been characterized in terms ofturbulent mixing, which would contribute significantly to the knowledge of their dynamicsand the overall implications in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean circulation. This thesis presents the first turbulence observations in these important regions, with the objective of characterizing their turbulent mixing pattern and quantifying its magnitude. Results in the Southern Brazilian Shelf demonstrated the importance of the La Plata River plume in inhibiting vertical mixing in the continental shelf and suggested that this large-scale plume has a dynamic mid-field region. The survey in the Vitoria Trindade Ridge shows that this region is a potential hot spot for mixing, as the local circulation interacts with topographic features to yield surface and subsurface turbulent mixing. Results also suggest that internal tides are prone to occur and may induce enhanced turbulence at subsurface levels. Results herein are an initial contribution for the characterization and quantificationof turbulence processes in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. This thesis expects toprovide a base for future studies and contribute to the understanding of the overallmixing pattern and the respective implications in those regions.
- Published
- 2018
14. Aplicação da modelagem hidrodinâmica na circulação do estuário do rio Maracanã (NE do Pará)
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BARBOSA, Leandro Patrick Ferreira and EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar
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GEOLOGIA ,Hidrodinâmica ,Estuários ,CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::GEOLOGIA [CNPQ] ,Circulação oceânica - Abstract
CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico O litoral do NE do Pará apresenta uma configuração recortada e um grande número de sistemas estuarinos, bastante ativos com amplitudes de maré entre 5-7m. Nesta região, está inserido o estuário do rio Maracanã - estuário de planície costeira e do tipo bem misturado - com uma extensão de 101 Km a partir do igarapé do Tubo até a ilha do Cumaru. O perfil deste é tipicamente meandrante, de baixa declividade que permite escoamento superficial, e possibilita um padrão de drenagem com grande quantidade de cursos d’água em várias direções e uma ordem de vazão de 103 a 104 m3 s-1. Este estuário sofre a influência do regime de macro-marés (>4m), de natureza semi-diurna, com influência de ventos (média de 6 m/s) e correntes de maré (média de 69,53 cm/s). O clima é do tipo Am (Tropical Úmido), que é caracterizado por ser quente e úmido (Clima Equatorial Amazônico), com temperatura entre 25°C e 28°C e pluviosidade de 2.500 mm/ano a 3.000 mm/ano, e dois períodos distintos, um seco (de junho a novembro) e outro chuvoso (dezembro a maio). O trabalho teve como objetivo a aplicação da modelagem hidrodinâmica na circulação do estuário do rio Maracanã (NE do Pará), utilizando como ferramenta a modelagem (Programa de Modelagem SisBAHIA – Sistema Base de Hidrodinâmica Ambiental), com base na interpretação dos dados coletados em campo e trabalhos experimentais realizados em laboratório. Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram em três etapas básicas: levantamento bibliográfico, trabalhos de campo e de laboratório. No campo, foram realizados: (1) um levantamento ecobatimétrico de semi-detalhe, empregando-se uma Ecossonda DGPS/PLOTTER/SONAR FURUNO GP-1850 F, onde foram feitos transectos ecobatimétricos transversais e longitudinais no estuário, durante a maré cheia; (2) medição de correntes de maré, para obtenção de medidas de intensidade e direção das correntes em um ponto (00° 45,187’ S e 47° 26,712’ W), durante um período de amostragem contínuo de 8 dias (preamar e baixamar) (04/02/07 à 11/02/07), abrangendo a sizígia. Para tal, foi utilizado um Correntógrafo Falmouth Scientific 2DACM; (3) o monitoramento vertical da maré foi baseado nos Marégrafos Orphirmedes da marca OTT-Hidrometrie, que registraram o nível d'água simultaneamente, próximo à foz e na parte interna do estuário, durante um período de 8 dias contínuos a cada 20 minutos. No laboratório: (1) o processamento dos dados ecobatimétricos em ambiente Excel para correção em relação ao nível de maré. Ainda, o Surfer foi utilizado para digitalização dos dados de entrada para o modelo hidrodinâmico do Programa Sisbahia; (2) as séries temporais de Corrente e nível de maré foram submetidas a rotinas de processamento de dados elaboradas em ambiente Excel (3) Para vazão foi realizada uma estimativa baseada em método simples e racional. Os dados processados foram submetidos em seguida a análises: (1) Na implementação do modelo, foram reunidos todos os dados coletados na área de estudo e esses dados foram fornecidos ao modelo dentro de um domínio pré-definido; (2) Para calibração do modelo foram realizados ajustes na tentativa de fusão dos dados coletados em campo e o modelo; (3) a validação do modelo, que foi a precisão dos resultados computacionais do modelo em relação aos seus propósitos, e do sistema natural que o mesmo representa, a fim de reproduzir os fenômenos reais. Em seguida, colocou-se o modelo pra “rodar”, isto é, o modelo passa a gerar cenários de maré vazante, enchente, quadratura e sizígia. Com isso, puderam-se descrever os padrões da circulação estuarina do rio Maracanã e compreender os aspectos de sua complexa hidrodinâmica. Desta maneira, obtiveramse, mapas caracterizando padrões de correntes médias na vertical, ao longo de um ciclo de maré de sizígia e de quadratura (,meia maré vazante, meia maré enchente, estofa de preamar e estofa de baixamar). Observou-se que durante as marés de sizígia, as velocidades são maiores se comparadas com as marés de quadratura. A geometria do estuário é responsável pela restrição da penetração das águas costeiras e contribui para elevação da maré no interior do mesmo. Os resultados gerados pelo modelo não foram iguais aos medidos em campo, em virtude da complexidade da área e da quantidade de dados adquiridos. The coastline of NE Pará presents a configuration cut and a large number of estuarine systems, very active with amplitudes of tide between 5-7m.In this region, is inserted the estuary of the river Maracanã - estuary of coastal plain and the type and mixed - with a length of 101 Km from igarapé the tube to the island of Cumaru. The profile of this is typically meandrante, low slope that allows runoff, and allows a pattern of drainage with large amount of water in several directions and an order of flow of 103 to 104 m3 s-1.This estuary likely a result of the system of macro-tides (> 4m), the semi-diurnal nature, with winds of influence (average of 6 m / s) and the tidal currents (mean of 69.53 cm / s). The climate is the type Am (Tropical Wet), which is characterized by being warm and humid (Climate Equatorial Amazon), with temperature between 25 ° C and 28 ° C and rainfall of 2,500 mm / year to 3,000 mm / year, and two distinct periods, a dry (June to November) and another rainy season (December to May). The work was aimed at the implementation of the hydrodynamic modeling the movement of the estuary of the river Maracanã (NE Pará), using as a modeling tool (Program Design SisBAHIA - Base Hidrodinâmica Environmental System), based on interpretation of the data collected in the field and experimental studies conducted in the laboratory. The methodological procedures consisted of three basic steps: bibliographical survey, work of field and laboratory. In the field, were performed: (1) a survey of semi-ecobatimétrico detail, employing is a Ecossonda DGPS / PLOTTER / SONAR FURUNO GP-1850 F, which were made transects ecobatimétricos cross-sectional and longitudinal in the estuary during the flood tide, ( 2) measurement of currents, tidal, to obtain measures of intensity and direction of currents in a point (00 ° 45187 'S and 47 ° 26712' W), over a period of continuous sampling of 8 days (preamar e) (baixamar 04/02/07 to 11/02/07), covering sizígia. To this end, it was used a Correntógrafo Falmouth Scientific 2D-ACM, (3) the monitoring of the vertical tide was based Marégrafos Orphimedes Brand OTTHidrometrie, which recorded the water level at the same time, near the mouth and the inner part of the estuary, for a period of 8 days continuous every 20 minutes. In the laboratory: (1) the data processing environment ecobatimétricos in Excel for correction in relation to the level of tide. Still, the Surfer was used for scanning the data input for the hydrodynamic model of the Program Sisbahia, (2) time series of the level of current and tide were subjected to routine data processing environment developed in Excel (3) For flow was conducted an estimate based on simple and rational.The data were then processed for analysis: (1) In implementation of the model, were gathered all the data collected in the study area and these data were supplied to the model within a predefined area, (2) For calibration of the model Adjustments were made in an attempt to merger of the data collected in the field and model, (3) the validation of the model, which was the accuracy of the results of the computational model in relation to its purposes, and the natural system that it represents, in order to reproduce the actual phenomena. Then put up the model pra "run", that is, the model will generate scenarios of ebb tide, flooding, and squaring sizígia. With this, could itself describe the patterns of movement of estuarine river Maracanã and understand the aspects of their complex hydrodynamics. Thus, it is obtained, maps featuring patterns of current averages upright over a cycle of the tide sizígia and quadrature (half ebb tide, half flood tide, estofa of preamar and estofa of baixamar). It was observed that during the tides of sizígia, the speeds are higher if compared with the tides, squaring. The geometry of the estuary is responsible for restricting the penetration of coastal waters and help to raise the tide inside of it. The results generated by the model were not equal to those measured in the field, because of the complexity of the area and the amount of data acquired.
- Published
- 2017
15. Deglacial changes in the strength of deep southern component water and sediment supply at the Argentine continental margin
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Lantzsch, Hendrik
- Subjects
CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA - Published
- 2017
16. Prolonged warming of the Brazil Current precedes deglaciations
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Karen Badaraco Costa, Igor Martins Venancio, Bruna Borba Dias, Felipe Antonio de Lima Toledo, Ana Luiza Spadano Albuquerque, Thiago P. Santos, Henning Kuhnert, Thiago Machado, Aline Govin, Cristiano Mazur Chiessi, Douglas Villela de Oliveira Lessa, Stefan Mulitza, Universidade Federal Fluminense [Rio de Janeiro] (UFF), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Climat et Magnétisme (CLIMAG), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
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010506 paleontology ,South Atlantic early warming ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Subtropics ,01 natural sciences ,Latitude ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Ocean gyre ,interhemispheric heat transfer ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,14. Life underwater ,Glacial period ,South Atlantic glacial–interglacial transition ,South Atlantic subtropical gyre ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,low-latitude heat and salt accumulation ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Last Glacial Maximum ,Salinity ,Sea surface temperature ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,Geophysics ,Oceanography ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,Benthic zone ,[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology ,Climatology ,Geology - Abstract
Paleoceanographic reconstructions from the Brazil Current are scarce and lack the required temporal resolution to appropriately represent its variability during key periods of the last glacial–interglacial cycles. Here, we present the first high-temporal resolution multiproxy reconstruction of the Brazil Current at 24 °S covering the last 185 ka. During the last and penultimate glacial periods, our Mg/Ca-derived sea surface temperature (SST) record shows a strong cooling at ca. 47 and ca. 156 ka, respectively, that is followed by a warming trend from late-Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 to MIS 1 and from late-MIS 6 to MIS5e, respectively. Importantly, the Brazil Current warmed uninterruptedly towards Termination I (II) after the low SST at ca. 47 and ca. 156 ka, with no SST minima during the Last Glacial Maximum or penultimate glacial maximum. The reason for the strong cooling and the warming trend during late-MIS 3 and late-MIS 6 could reside in the favorable obliquity configuration. However, this mechanism is not sufficient to sustain the warming observed for the rest of the last and penultimate glacial periods. We propose that the change in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), as described in the literature, from a “warm” to a “cold mode” for MIS 2 and MIS 6 is responsible for the accumulation of warm waters in the subtropical western South Atlantic, preventing SST minima during the last and penultimate glacial maxima in the region. Change in benthic δ 13 C corroborates that a fundamental modification in the AMOC mode might have triggered the heat accumulation. Our data also show a sudden increase in SST and surface salinity during the last glacial descent (MIS 4), indicating that the western portion of the subtropical gyres may have acted as a heat and salt reservoir, while higher latitude climates transited to a glacial background. Our findings imply that the AMOC “cold mode” induces heat storage in the subtropical western South Atlantic and, because of that, the last two regional SST minima occurred out-of-phase with the glacial maxima of higher latitudes.
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- 2017
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17. The Energy Cycle Associated to the Pacific Walker Circulation and Its Relationship to ENSO
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Marcos Cezar Yoshida, V. Brahmananda Rao, Alexandre Bernardes Pezza, José Augusto Paixão Veiga, Sergio H. Franchito, and Tércio Ambrizzi
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Physics ,Energetics ,Phase (waves) ,General Medicine ,Kinetic energy ,Atmospheric sciences ,Potential energy ,Physics::Geophysics ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,La Niña ,Energy transformation ,Walker circulation ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
In this paper we study the Lorenz energy cycle of the Walker circulation associated with ENSO. The robust formulation of the energetics allows drawing a clear picture of the global energy and conversion terms associated with the three dimensional domains appropriate to qualify the large scale transfers that influence, and are influenced by, the anomalies during ENSO. A clear picture has emerged in that El Nino and La Nina years have approximately opposite anomalous energy fluxes, regardless of a non-linear response identified in the potential energy fields (zonal and eddy). During El Ninos the tropical atmosphere is characterized by an increase of zonal available potential energy, decrease of eddy available potential energy and decrease of kinetic energy fields. This results in weaker upper level jets and a slowingdown of the overall Walker cell. During La Ninas reversed conditions are triggered, with an acceleration of the Walker cell as observed from the positive anomalous kinetic energy. The potential energy in the Walker circulation domain during the cold phase is also reduced. An equally opposite behavior is also experienced by the energy conversion terms according to the ENSO phase. The energetics-anomalous behavior seem to be triggered at about the same time when ENSO starts to manifest for both the positive and negative phases, suggesting a coupled mechanism in which atmospheric and oceanic anomalies interact and feed back onto each other.
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- 2013
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18. Antarctic intermediate water circulation in the South Atlantic over the past 25,000 years
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Cristiano Mazur Chiessi, Delia W Oppo, Jurek Blusztajn, Kuo-Fang Huang, Jacob N W Howe, Stefan Mulitza, Alexander M Piotrowski, and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,sub-01 ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Oceanography ,marine geochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,South Atlantic ,Paleontology ,14. Life underwater ,Glacial period ,Younger Dryas ,Stadial ,Antarctic Intermediate Water ,Southern Hemisphere ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,geochemical tracers ,Northern Hemisphere ,Westerlies ,Last Glacial Maximum ,degalciation ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,abrupt/rapid climate change ,13. Climate action ,neodymium isotopes ,Geology - Abstract
Antarctic Intermediate Water is an essential limb of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation that redistributes heat and nutrients within the Atlantic Ocean. Existing reconstructions have yielded conflicting results on the history of Antarctic Intermediate Water penetration into the Atlantic across the most recent glacial termination. In this study we present leachate, foraminiferal, and detrital neodymium isotope data from three intermediate-depth cores collected from the southern Brazil margin in the South Atlantic covering the past 25 kyr. These results reveal that strong chemical leaching following decarbonation does not extract past seawater neodymium composition in this location. The new foraminiferal records reveal no changes in seawater Nd isotopes during abrupt Northern Hemisphere cold events at these sites. We therefore conclude that there is no evidence for greater incursion of Antarctic Intermediate Water into the South Atlantic during either the Younger Dryas or Heinrich Stadial 1. We do, however, observe more radiogenic Nd isotope values in the intermediate-depth South Atlantic during the mid-Holocene. This radiogenic excursion coincides with evidence for a southward shift in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies that may have resulted in a greater entrainment of radiogenic Pacific-sourced water during intermediate water production in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Our intermediate-depth records show similar values to a deglacial foraminiferal Nd isotope record from the deep South Atlantic during the Younger Dryas but are clearly distinct during the Last Glacial Maximum and Heinrich Stadial 1, demonstrating that the South Atlantic remained chemically stratified during Heinrich Stadial 1.
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- 2016
19. Células de Circulação Meridional Durante os Eventos Extremos de Gelo Marinho Antártico
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Tércio Ambrizzi and Camila Bertoletti Carpenedo
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Arctic sea ice decline ,Atmospheric Science ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,interannual variability ,cells of meridional circulation ,Antarctic sea ice ,lcsh:QC851-999 ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,gelo marinho ,Sea ice ,Cryosphere ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Weddell Sea Bottom Water ,Polar front ,Drift ice ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,células de circulação meridional ,Arctic ice pack ,sea ice ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,Oceanography ,Climatology ,lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology ,variabilidade interanual - Abstract
Resumo Como a borda do gelo marinho antártico está localizada em uma região muito sensível, sob a Frente Polar Antártica, existe um grande potencial da variabilidade do gelo marinho afetar a circulação atmosférica. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as possíveis relações entre os eventos extremos de gelo marinho antártico e as células de circulação meridional no Pacífico Sudeste, região onde há intensa variabilidade em várias escalas de tempo. Os resultados mostram que quando há eventos extremos de expansão de gelo marinho no setor do mar de Ross, existe um resfriamento da TSM, que resulta em uma atmosfera adjacente fria, aumentando os gradientes térmicos entre a borda do gelo marinho e a região de mar aberto. Os gradientes de pressão são fortalecidos, fortalecendo o cinturão circumpolar de baixas pressões e o jato polar. Assim, existe um fortalecimento do ramo ascendente da célula de Ferrel sobre o Oceano Austral, enquanto há enfraquecimento nas latitudes médias, por conservação de massa. Observamos o padrão oposto em eventos extremos de retração de gelo marinho no setor do mar de Ross e expansão no setor do mar de Weddell. Abstract Because the Antarctic sea ice edge is located in a region quite sensible, under the Antarctic Polar Front, there is a great potential of sea ice variability to affect the atmospheric circulation. The objective of this study was to investigate possible relationships between the extreme events of Antarctic sea ice and the cells of meridional circulation over the Southeastern Pacific, where there is intense climate variability on various time scales. The results show that when there are extreme events of sea ice expansion in the Ross Sea sector there is cooling of the SST, which results in the surrounding atmosphere cools, increasing the thermal gradient between the edge of sea ice and the open water region. The southern pressure gradients are strengthened, which strengthens the circumpolar low pressure belt and the polar jet. So there is a strengthening of the ascending branch of the Ferrel cell over the Southern Ocean while there is a weakening in midlatitudes via conservation of mass. We observe the opposite pattern in extreme events of sea ice decrease in the Ross Sea sector and expansion in the Weddell Sea sector.
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- 2016
20. Eddy Formation in the Tropical Atlantic Induced by Abrupt Changes in the Meridional Overturning Circulation
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David P. Marshall, Ilana Wainer, and Marlos Goes
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Ocean current ,Northern Hemisphere ,Reynolds number ,Tropical Atlantic ,Oceanography ,Physics::Geophysics ,Vortex ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,symbols.namesake ,Eddy ,Climatology ,symbols ,Thermohaline circulation ,Mean flow ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,Geology - Abstract
The variability of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) in the upper tropical Atlantic basin is investigated using a reduced-gravity model in a simplified domain. Four sets of idealized numerical experiments are performed: (i) switch-on of the MOC until a fixed value when a constant northward flow is applied along the western boundary; (ii) MOC with a variable flow; (iii) MOC in a quasi-steady flow; and (iv) shutdown of the MOC in the Northern Hemisphere. Results from experiments (i) show that eddies are generated at the equatorial region by shear instability and detached northward; eddies are responsible for an enhancement of the mean flow and the variability of the MOC. Results from experiments (ii) show a transitional behavior of the MOC related to the eddy generation in interannual–decadal time scales as the Reynolds number varies due to the variations in the MOC. In experiments (iii), a critical Reynolds number Rec around 30 is found, above which eddies are generated. Experiments (iv) demonstrate that even after the collapse of MOC in the Northern Hemisphere, eddies can still be generated and carry energy across the equator into the Northern Hemisphere; these eddies act to attenuate the impact of the MOC shutdown on short time scales. The results described here may be particularly pertinent to ocean general circulation models in which the Reynolds number lies close to the bifurcation point separating the laminar and turbulent regimes.
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- 2016
21. Influence of physical processes on the primary production along the Iberian Peninsula northwestern coast
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Picado, Ana Teresa dos Santos, Dias, João Miguel Sequeira Silva, Fernandez, Maria Ines Alvarez, and Vaz, Nuno Alexandre Firmino
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Chlorophyll ,Clorofila afloramento (Oceanografia) - Península Ibérica ,Ciclos biogeoquímicos ,Modelos de circulação e biogeoquímicos ,Afloramento costeiro ,Península Ibérica ,Fitoplâncton física ,Fitoplâncton ,Clorofila ,Phytoplankton ,Circulação atmosférica ,Circulation and biogeochemical models ,Circulação oceânica ,Iberian Peninsula ,Coastal upwelling - Abstract
Doutoramento em Física A costa noroeste da Península Ibérica (PI) e caracterizada por intensa atividade hidrológica e biogeoquímica, resultante em importantes recursos de peixe e marisco. Neste contexto, o principal objetivo deste trabalho consiste no estudo da influência dos processos físicos na produção primária da região através de detecção remota e modelação numérica. Com este propósito, a linha de costa foi dividida em três domínios: segmentos costeiros oeste, intermédio e norte. Para cada um destes segmentos foi analisada a variabilidade do transporte de Ekman, do índice de afloramento (IA), da temperatura da superfície do mar (TSM) e da concentração de Cloro la-a (Clo-a) em termos de médias sazonais, anuais e mensais a partir de dados de detecção remota. A influência das condições meteorológicas, definidas através de padrões de circulação atmosférica (PCA), no IA e na concentração de Clo-a foi também avaliada e quantificada através de uma análise de probabilidade condicionada. Foi também implementado e validado um sistema de modelação de circulação e biogeoquímica para a área de estudo. A sua validação foi efectuada através da comparação das previsões numéricas com dados in situ e de sat elite de várias variáveis físicas e biogeoquímicas. Esta implementação foi utilizada para investigar os padrões de toplâncton durante dois eventos de afloramento costeiro distintos, observados principalmente nos segmentos costeiros oeste e intermédio. Os resultados da análise aos dados de detecção remota sugerem que o transporte de Ekman, a TSM e a concentração da Clo-a têm diferentes ciclos anuais em cada segmento costeiro, apresentando elevada variabilidade. Em geral, as condições mais favoráveis a ocorrência de afloramento ocorrem nos segmentos costeiros oeste e intermédio durante os meses de primavera-verão e, consequentemente, e observada uma lente de agua mais fria junto a costa do que ao largo, assim como níveis de Clo-a elevados. Pelo contrário, no segmento costeiro norte a TSM e elevada, devido ao aquecimento de verão na zona sudeste do Golfo da Biscaia, e a concentração de Clo-a e baixa. Durante o inverno são observados elevados níveis de Clo-a nos três segmentos costeiros, que estão relacionados com o efeito cumulativo de eventos de afloramento e de descargas fluviais, que favorecem a entrada de nutrientes na costa. Os resultados da análise de probabilidades efetuada evidenciam que ao longo do segmento oeste as relações mais fortes entre os PCA, o IA e a concentração de Clo-a foram obtidas na primavera-verão, quando padrões atmosféricos Norte, Nordeste e Noroeste ocorrem. Nos segmentos costeiros intermédio e norte verificam-se elevadas probabilidades de IA e de Clo-a quando os padrões atmosférico Este e Sul ocorrem, para as duas estações do ano referidas. O modelo numérico implementado demonstrou capacidade em reproduzir com precisão a dinâmica da região em estudo, quer a superfície, quer ao longo da coluna de agua. A análise dos resultados de modelação revela a existência de duas células de afloramento nos dois eventos estudados, sendo os padrões de toplâncton diferentes para cada evento. De acordo com os resultados, quando ocorrem ventos fortes favoráveis ao afloramento o tempo de residência na zona costeira e muito baixo, não permitindo um crescimento significativo do toplâncton. As aguas ricas em nutrientes e toplâncton são então advetadas para o largo, onde o tempo de residência e maior e existem condições favoráveis para a fotossíntese. Para eventos de afloramento fortes e observado um fluxo direcionado para o equador junto a costa ao longo da coluna de agua, enquanto para eventos mais fracos este fluxo e em direção ao pólo, promovendo a retenção do toplâncton na zona costeira. Em suma, a análise efetuada aos dados de deteção remota e de modelação numérica contribuíram para melhorar o conhecimento dos principais processos que influenciam a produção primária ao longo da costa noroeste da PI, a escala sazonal e de eventos. Como trabalho futuro destaca-se a exploração com maior detalhe da dinâmica das células de afloramento detetadas e da resposta do ecossistema a sua presença, assim como o estudo da influência de descargas fluviais na produção primária da região, tirando partido da configuração numérica desenvolvida. The northwestern coast of Iberian Peninsula (IP) is a region of great hydrologic and biogeochemical activity, resulting in important sh and shell sh resources. In this context, the main aim of this work is to study the in uence of physical processes on primary production of the region through remote sensing imagery and numerical modelling. For this propose, the coastline was divided in three domains: western, intermediate and northern coastal segments. For each coastal segment was analysed the variability of Ekman transport, upwelling index (UI), sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll (Chl-a) concentration in terms of seasonal, annual and monthly averages of remote sensed data. The in uence of meteorological conditions, de ned by circulation weather types (CWTs), on UI and Chl-a concentration was also evaluated and quanti ed, through a conditional probability analysis. Afterwards, a coupled circulation and biogeochemical model was implemented and validated along the study area. Validation was performed through the comparison of numerical predictions with in situ and satellite data for several physical and biogeochemical variables. This implementation was then used to investigate phytoplankton patterns during two distinct upwelling events, mainly observed at western and intermediate coastal segments. Results from remote sensed data analysis suggest that Ekman transport, SST and Chl-a concentration had di erent annual cycles within each coastal segment and high seasonal variability. Generally, the most upwelling favourable conditions occur along the western and intermediate coastal segments during spring-summer months and consequently a lens of water colder than o shore is observed in the coastal region along with high Chl-a levels. Otherwise, at northern coastal segment high SST, related to the summer warming at the southeastern Bay of Biscay, and low Chla concentration are observed. During winter high Chl-a levels were also observed at the three coastal segments, that are related to the cumulative e ect of upwelling events and river runo , favouring the entrance of nutrients onto the coast. Results from the probability analysis show that along the western coastal segment the strongest relations between CWTs, UI an Chl-a concentration were obtained in spring-summer when weather types Northerly, Northeasterly and Northwesterly occur. At northern and intermediate segments results reveal high probabilities of UI and Chl-a when weather types Easterly and Southerly were observed, for both stations referred. The numerical model showed the capability to reproduce accurately the dynamics of the study region, either at surface or along the water column. The modelling results analysis reveals the existence of two upwelling cells for both events studied, being phytoplankton patterns di erent for each event. According to results, when upwelling favourable winds are strong, the residence time near coast is very short, not allowing signi cant phytoplankton growth. Nutrient and phytoplankton rich waters are then advected o shore, where the residence time is higher and favourable conditions for photosynthesis occur. For strong upwelling events an equatorward ow develops near coast along the water column, while for weaker events this ow is poleward, promoting the retention of phytoplankton in the coastal region. In summary, the analysis performed to remote sensed data and numerical modelling predictions, have contributed to improve the knowledge about the main processes that in uence primary production along the northwestern coast of IP, at seasonal and event scales. For future, is highlighted the exploitation in detail of the upwelling cells dynamics and the ecosystem response to their presence, as well as the study of river runo in uence in the primary production of the region, taking advantage of the numerical application developed.
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- 2016
22. European climate optimum and enhanced Greenland melt during the Last Interglacial
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Frédérique Eynaud, William J. Fletcher, Filipa Naughton, Odile Peyron, Maria Fernanda Sanchez Goñi, Stéphanie Desprat, Cedric J. Van Meerbeeck, Pepijn Johannes Bakker, Linda Rossignol, Anders E. Carlson, Hans Renssen, Earth and Climate, Climate Change and Landscape Dynamics, and Amsterdam Global Change Institute
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010506 paleontology ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Holocene climatic optimum ,Greenland ice sheet ,01 natural sciences ,Paleoclimatology ,SDG 13 - Climate Action ,Paleoclimatologia ,SDG 14 - Life Below Water ,Gronelândia ,Meltwater ,Circulação oceânica ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Global warming ,Ocean current ,Geology ,GIS ,13. Climate action ,Climatology ,Interglacial ,Climate model ,Europa - Abstract
The Last Interglacial climatic optimum, ca. 128 ka, is the most recent climate interval signifi cantly warmer than present, providing an analogue (albeit imperfect) for ongoing global warming and the effects of Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) melting on climate over the coming millennium. While some climate models predict an Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) strengthening in response to GIS melting, others simulate weakening, leading to cooling in Europe. Here, we present evidence from new proxy-based paleoclimate and ocean circulation reconstructions that show that the strongest warming in western Europe coincided with maximum GIS meltwater runoff and a weaker AMOC early in the Last Interglacial. By performing a series of climate model sensitivity experiments, including enhanced GIS melting, we were able to simulate this confi guration of the Last Interglacial climate system and infer information on AMOC slowdown and related climate effects. These experiments suggest that GIS melt inhibited deep convection off the southern coast of Greenland, cooling local climate and reducing AMOC by ~24% of its present strength. However, GIS melt did not perturb overturning in the Nordic Seas, leaving heat transport to, and thereby temperatures in, Europe unaffected. © 2012 Geological Society of America.
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- 2012
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23. Influence of the Meridional Overturning Circulation on Tropical Atlantic Climate and Variability
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Wilco Hazeleger, Reindert J. Haarsma, Camiel Severijns, and Edmo J. D. Campos
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Gulf Stream ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,Atmospheric Science ,Oceanography ,Atlantic Equatorial mode ,Shutdown of thermohaline circulation ,Climatology ,North Atlantic Deep Water ,Atlantic multidecadal oscillation ,Abrupt climate change ,Thermohaline circulation ,Tropical Atlantic ,Geology - Abstract
The influence of the meridional overturning circulation on tropical Atlantic climate and variability has been investigated using the atmosphere–ocean coupled model Speedy-MICOM (Miami Isopycnic Coordinate Ocean Model). In the ocean model MICOM the strength of the meridional overturning cell can be regulated by specifying the lateral boundary conditions. In case of a collapse of the basinwide meridional overturning cell the SST response in the Atlantic is characterized by a dipole with a cooling in the North Atlantic and a warming in the tropical and South Atlantic. The cooling in the North Atlantic is due to the decrease in the strength of the western boundary currents, which reduces the northward advection of heat. The warming in the tropical Atlantic is caused by a reduced ventilation of water originating from the South Atlantic. This effect is most prominent in the eastern tropical Atlantic during boreal summer when the mixed layer attains its minimum depth. As a consequence the seasonal cycle as well as the interannual variability in SST is reduced. The characteristics of the cold tongue mode are changed: the variability in the eastern equatorial region is strongly reduced and the largest variability is now in the Benguela, Angola region. Because of the deepening of the equatorial thermocline, variations in the thermocline depth in the eastern tropical Atlantic no longer significantly affect the mixed layer temperature. The gradient mode remains unaltered. The warming of the tropical Atlantic enhances and shifts the Hadley circulation. Together with the cooling in the North Atlantic, this increases the strength of the subtropical jet and the baroclinicity over the North Atlantic.
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- 2008
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24. Modelagem hidrodinâmica da circulação sobre a plataforma continental do Ceará - Brasil
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Freitas, Pedro Paulo de and Teixeira, Carlos Eduardo Peres
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Marés - Ceará ,Circulação oceânica - Abstract
Freitas, P. P. de. Modelagem hidrodinâmica da circulação sobre a plataforma continental do Ceará - Brasil. 2015. 97f. Dissertação (mestrado em Ciências Marinhas Tropicais) – Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2015. We aim to understand the spatial and temporal variability of the circulation on the PCCE and its main forcing using the Regional Ocean System (ROMS). We performed 10 years of simulation using 20 vertical sigma levels. We used two experiments: PCCE-1 forced only by tides and PCCE-2 forced with tides, winds, and water and heat fluxes. We used historical data and published results to validate the model. Our simulations were able to reproduce the spatial and temporal variability of the circulation within the PCCE. The tidal residual circulation presents a well-defined circulation during ebb and flood tides, with maximum values (2.0 cm/s) occurring during flood spring tides.The wind-forced circulation presents a well-defined seasonality with maximum values occurring during the second half of the year. The circulation within the PCCE is dominated by tidal zonal currents. Tides explain 87.6% and 98% of the total variability of the cross-shore currents during first and second half of the year, respectively, and 45.2% and 38% of the along-shore currents. For the first time a counterclockwise eddie is reported around thePlatô do Ceará, with velocities between and 0.2 a 0.4 m/s. Due to the larger discharge the influence of the main rivers of the PCCE is more evident during the first half of the year. During the first half of the year the presence of the Tropical Water is present at the external shelf a possible influence of the North Brazil Current. These results are supported by the diagnostics results from the model, were the dynamical balance of the external and middle shelf are dominated by the advective terms of the motion equation. The present work is any important contribution to the knowledge of the PCCE circulation. For the first time, a baroclinic model has been used to study the sazonality of the circulation and the thermal structure of the PCCE. We also studied the spatial variability of the residual tidal circulation and dynamical balance of the PCCE. O trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a variabilidade espacial e temporal da circulação da PCCE através do modelo Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS), quantificando e qualificando as principais forçantes da circulação. O modelo foi configurado para realizar uma simulação de 10 anos em 20 níveis verticais.Foram realizados 2 experimentos, denominados PCCE-1 e PCCE-2, os quais distinguem-se entre si em decorrência da presença unicamente do forçante de maré no primeiro cenário e da maré somado a todos os demais forçantes (Vento, Fluxo de Água, Fluxo de Calor e descarga dos rios) no segundo. Dessa forma o presente trabalho fez uso de banco de dados disponíveis, além de resultados publicados. De uma forma geral a modelagem da variabilidade espacial e temporal da circulação da PCCE através do modelo ROMS apresentou desempenho satisfatório na representação dos cenários almejados. A circulação residual de maré na PCCE, apresenta direções bem definidas na enchente e vazante, com velocidades máximas maiores na sizígia com 2.0 cm/s e mais modestas na quadratura com 1.2 cm/s, ambas no processo de enchente. Em relação a importância da forçante local, que consiste no cisalhamento do vento ao longo da PCCE, constata-se uma sazonalidade bem evidente, com um primeiro semestre de intensidades brandas, enquanto o segundo semestre caracteriza-se com ventos mais intensos, o que se reflete na hidrodinâmica da PCCE. A circulação na PCCE apresenta predominância de correntes longitudinais com frequência maregráfica, onde as componentes de maré explicam para a componente normal de velocidade 87,6% e 98% de sua variabilidade no primeiro e segundo semestre, enquanto 45,2% e 38% refere-se a explicação para a componente paralela durante o primeiro e o segundo semestre, respectivamente. Embora o objetivo do trabalho seja avaliação da hidrodinâmica na PCCE, foi constatado pela primeira vez instabilidades hidrodinâmicas adjacentes a plataforma, especificamente ao largo do Platô do Ceará, no qual é possível observar um vórtice girando no sentido anti-horário com velocidades entre 0.2 a 0.4m/s no primeiro semestre e entre 0.2 e 0.3m/s no segundo semestre, denominado no presente trabalho como Vórtice do Ceará. As vazões dos principais tributários da PCCE apresentam maior influência na estrutura halina da plataforma durante o primeiro semestre, período em que as vazões são mais intensas. Ainda sobre a estrutura vertical termo-halina na PCCE, é possível observar no primeiro semestre a presença da AT nas bordas da PE da PCCE, na isóbata de 100 metros, enquanto durante o segundo semestre a PE e região adjacente apresentam estrutura verticalmente homogênea, o que dá indícios de uma penetração da AT e interação com a AC da plataforma. Esse cenário é suportado pelas séries temporais dos termos da equação do movimentos, nas quais conclui-se o domínio dos termos advectivos na PM e PE da PCCE, o que indica uma interação entre circulação sazonal da CNB com a circulação na PE da PCCE. O presente trabalho constitui uma importante contribuição à modelagem hidrodinâmica da PCCE através da avaliação da sazonalidade da circulação média e da estrutura termohalina, da distribuição espacial da circulação residual de maré, bem como a quantificação da dominância dos termos GP e de atrito na circulação da PI e dos termos advectivos na PM e PE da PCCE.
- Published
- 2015
25. On the use of the Galerkin method for 3D numerical modelling of the general circulation: the South Atlantic eperiment
- Author
-
Joseph Harari and Emanuel Giarolla
- Subjects
Computer simulation ,Meteorology ,Applied Mathematics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Ocean current ,Computational Mechanics ,Spherical coordinate system ,Ocean general circulation model ,Computer Science Applications ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,Mechanics of Materials ,Initial value problem ,Applied mathematics ,Boundary value problem ,Galerkin method ,Spectral method ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,Geology - Abstract
A linear three-dimensional hydrodynamical numerical model, with the application of the Galerkin Method for the vertical dependence, is here presented. The spherical coordinate system is used, in order to allow large-scale simulations. The equations and mathematical development of the model are shown in detail, together with the boundary and initial conditions, and the sequence of equations' solution. The model is applied to the South Atlantic Ocean, for estimating typical seasonal circulations, and the results are summarized in maps of currents at surface and 1000 m depth, and in transport values of the Brazil Current between 30°S and 40°S. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. A new climatology for Southern Hemisphere blockings in the winter and the combined effect of ENSO and SAM phases
- Author
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Flavio Natal Mendes de Oliveira, Tércio Ambrizzi, and Leila M. V. Carvalho
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,La Niña ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,El Niño Southern Oscillation ,Climatology ,Southern oscillation ,Geopotential height ,Antarctic oscillation ,Atmospheric sciences ,Southern Hemisphere ,Geology - Abstract
This study presents 53-year climatology of Southern Hemisphere (SH) blockings in the winter using daily 500-hPa geopotential height data from NCEP-NCAR reanalysis. The variability of SH blocking events and their relationships with combined phases of El Nino/southern oscillation (ENSO) and the southern annular mode (SAM) are examined. Conventional indices were revised and a slightly modified index is proposed to detect latitudinal variations of SH blockings. The South Pacific region is examined in detail. There is no statistically significant long-term trend in the SH blockings. During moderate El Nino, the preferred location SH blocking is observed over East Pacific, and we show that the blocking frequency increases during negative SAM phases. During moderate La Nina the SH blockings are significantly suppressed over Central Pacific, with lower blocking frequency during positive SAM phases. These results indicate that the daily variability of SH blocking is strongly modulated by both ENSO and SAM phases. © 2013 Royal Meteorological Society.
- Published
- 2014
27. Assessment of the structure and variability of weddell sea water masses in distinct ocean reanalysis products
- Author
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Rohardt, Gerd
- Subjects
CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA - Published
- 2014
28. Response of the oceanic and atmospheric circulations associated with the increase of wind stress
- Author
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Machado, Jéferson Prietsch, Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi, Hamakawa, Paulo José, Justino, Flávio Barbosa, Gherardi, Douglas Francisco Marcolino, Brito, José Ivaldo Barbosa de, and Souza, Ronald Buss de
- Subjects
Climatology ,Atmospheric circulation ,Ocean circulation ,Climatologia ,Climate Change ,Mudanças climáticas ,Circulação atmosférica ,CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::METEOROLOGIA::CLIMATOLOGIA [CNPQ] ,Circulação oceânica - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The wind stress is a measure of momentum transfer due to the relative motion between the atmosphere and the ocean. Studies have suggested an intensification and an offset of wind stress further south in the Southern Ocean due to the intensification of the wind in extratropical latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere, in response to climate change. Thus, the objective of this work is to investigate the anomalous behavior of the atmospheric and oceanic circulations due to increased wind stress by 50% in the equatorial region and in the Southern Ocean. For this purpose, we used a coupled climate model of intermediate complexity (SPEEDO). The intensification of wind stress in equatorial region causes a decrease in sea surface temperature in the tropical region, due to increased upwelling. Consequently, the air temperature also reduces, favoring the reduction of precipitation in equatorial region. Moreover, the intensification of wind stress in Southern Ocean, induces an increase in sea surface temperature and air temperature to high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere, in addition to a reduction in Antarctic sea ice thickness. This occurs due to changes in water bodies and global thermohaline circulation, favouring the intensification of Antarctic bottom Water and a weakening of the North Atlantic Deep Water. Due to the least thermal gradient, the total heat transport becomes more intense in the Southern Hemisphere, reducing the baroclinic activity and storm tracks; In addition, the positive phase of the Antarctic Oscillation is less intense. A tensão de cisalhamento do vento (TCV) é uma medida de transmissão de momentum em razão do movimento relativo entre a atmosfera e o oceano. Estudos têm sugerido uma intensificação e um deslocamento da TCV mais para sul devido a intensificação dos ventos em latitudes extratropicais no Hemisfério Sul, em resposta as mudanças climáticas. Diante do exposto, o objetivo do trabalho é investigar o comportamento anômalo das circulações oceânica e atmosférica devido ao aumento da TCV em 50% em duas diferentes regiões no oceano: na região equatorial e em médias latitudes no Hemisfério Sul. Para tal fim, utilizou-se um modelo climático acoplado de complexidade intermediária (SPEEDO). A intensificação da TCV na região equatorial ocasiona uma diminuição da temperatura da superfície do mar na região tropical, devido ao aumento da divergência equatorial. Consequentemente, a temperatura do ar também reduz, favorecendo a diminuição da precipitação na região equatorial. Por outro lado, a intensificação da TCV em médias latitudes do Hemisfério Sul induz a um aumento da temperatura da superfície do mar e do ar na região do Oceano Austral, além de uma redução na espessura do gelo marinho Antártico. Isto ocorre em função de mudanças nas massas d água e circulação termohalina global, favorecendo um reforço na Água de Fundo Antártica e um enfraquecimento da Água Profunda do Atlântico Norte. Devido ao menor gradiente térmico meridional, o transporte de calor total torna-se mais intenso no Hemisfério Sul, reduzindo a atividade baroclínica e os sistemas transientes. Além disso, a fase positiva da Oscilação Antártica fica menos intensa.
- Published
- 2013
29. Demografia de vórtices oceânicos em três sistemas associados a correntes de contorno oeste do Hemisfério Sul
- Author
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Pilo, Gabriela Semolini, Mata, Mauricio Magalhães, and Azevedo, José Luiz Lima de
- Subjects
Ocean circulation ,Physical oceanography ,Oceanografia física ,Altimetria ,Altimetry ,Vórtices ,Eddies ,Circulação oceânica - Abstract
A partir de um banco global de dados de vórtices oceânicos, foram analisados vórtices ciclônicos e anticiclônicos originados em três regiões associadas a áreas altamente energéticas do Hemisfério Sul: Bacia Argentina, Bacia do Cabo e Mares de Coral e da Tasmânia. Um total de 1376, 1102 e 1550 vórtices foram identificados pela primeira vez em cada uma das regiões, respectivamente. Apesar das diferenças físicas e batimétricas, uma segregação geográfica de vórtices de acordo com o seu tamanho foi evidente em todas as regiões estudadas. Vórtices com raio maior do que o raio médio da população acrescido do desvio padrão ocorreram associados à Confluência Brasil-Malvinas, no Corredor das Agulhas e no Mar de Coral. Vórtices da Bacia Argentina propagaram-se num sentido anticiclônico ao redor da Elevação Zapiola, acompanhando a circulação local. No Mar da Tasmânia, ao cruzarem a região da retroflexão da Corrente Leste Australiana, vórtices provindos de norte e leste apresentaram altas taxas de crescimento. Derivas meridionais na propagação predominantemente para oeste foram evidentes em vórtices anticiclônicos primeiramente identificados no Mar da Tasmânia, rastreados até a South Australian Bight, e em vórtices das Agulhas. Após cruzarem a cordilheira meso-oceânica, vórtices das Agulhas exibiram aumento de raio e decaimento de amplitude e velocidade rotacional. Apesar de uma análise descritiva dos vórtices originados em regiões altamente energéticas do hemisfério sul ter sido realizada sugere-se uma análise quantitativa em relação a essas feições e suas estruturas verticais. We analyzed eddies of both polarities originated at three major western boundary current systems of the Southern Hemisphere after a global eddy dataset: the Agulhas Current, the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence and the East Australian Current. A total of 1376, 1102 and 1550 eddies were first identified at Cape Basin, Argentine Basin and Tasman and Coral Seas respectively. All three areas presented spatial segregation according to features length scale, with large radii eddies occurring in the northern portion of the Argentine Basin, at the Agulhas Corridor and at the Coral Sea. Argentine Basin eddies propagated in an anticlockwise sense, following the local circulation, while at the other locations eddies propagated mainly westward, due to their -induced translation. Westward eddies first identified at the Coral Sea that crossed the East Australian Current retroflection presented high eddy radii growth rates at this point. Meridional drifts were evident for anticyclonic eddies first identified at the Tasman Sea and tracked up to the South Australian Bight, surpassing Tasmania, and for the Agulhas Rings. After crossing the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Agulhas Rings exhibited radius increase and amplitude and rotation speed decrease, being the reasons for this behavior discussed on this work.
- Published
- 2013
30. Temporal variability of the Meridional Overturning Circulation at 34.5°S: Results from two pilot boundary arrays in the South Atlantic
- Author
-
Campos, Edmo Jose Dias
- Subjects
CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA - Published
- 2013
31. Millennial-scale climate change and intermediate water circulation in the Bering Sea from 90 ka : A high-resolution record from IODP Site U1340
- Author
-
Schlung, Shiloh Anne, Ravelo, A. Christina, Aiello, Ivano W., Andreasen, Dyke H., Cook, Mea S., Drake, Michelle, Dyez, Kelsey A., Guilderson, Thomas P., LaRiviere, Jonathan P., Stroynowski, Zuzanna, and Takahashi, Kazo
- Subjects
Paleoceanografia ,Mudanças climáticas ,Mar de Bering ,Circulação oceânica ,Pacífico Norte - Abstract
Submitted by Paula Serrano (paula.serrano@ineti.pt) on 2013-05-18T18:55:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 35616.pdf: 256486 bytes, checksum: af9bf426bb48889e98a13439b9965d9f (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Paula Serrano (paula.serrano@ineti.pt) on 2013-05-18T18:55:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 35616.pdf: 256486 bytes, checksum: af9bf426bb48889e98a13439b9965d9f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-18T18:55:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 35616.pdf: 256486 bytes, checksum: af9bf426bb48889e98a13439b9965d9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
- Published
- 2013
32. Coupling a thermodynamically active ice shelf to a regional simulation of the Weddell Sea
- Author
-
M. Tonelli, Ilana Wainer, Virna Meccia, and Enrique N. Curchitser
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,lcsh:QE1-996.5 ,Future climate ,Ice shelf ,Physics::Geophysics ,lcsh:Geology ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,Oceanography ,Coupling (computer programming) ,Climatology ,Sea ice thickness ,Regional ocean model ,Hydrography ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,Geology - Abstract
A thermodynamically interactive ice shelf cavity parameterization is coupled to the Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS) and is applied to the Southern Ocean domain with enhanced resolution in the Weddell Sea. This implementation is tested in order to assess its degree of improvement to the hydrography (and circulation) of the Weddell Sea. Results show that the inclusion of ice shelf cavities in the model is feasible and somewhat realistic (considering the lack of under-ice observations for validation). Ice shelf–ocean interactions are an important process to be considered in order to obtain realistic hydrographic values under the ice shelf. The model framework presented in this work is a promising tool for analyzing the Southern Ocean's response to future climate change scenarios.
- Published
- 2013
33. Middle Eocene to early oligocene magnetostratigraphy of ODP hole 711A (Leg 115), western equatorial Indian Ocean
- Author
-
Jairo F. Savian, Steven M Bohaty, Luigi Jovane, and Paul A. Wilson
- Subjects
Indian ocean ,Paleontology ,geography ,CIRCULAÇÃO OCEÂNICA ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Earth's magnetic field ,Archipelago ,Geology ,Ocean Engineering ,Magnetostratigraphy ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
OceanDrillingProgram(ODP)Site711,locatedinthewesternequatorialIndianOcean near the Seychelles Archipelago on Madingley Rise, is an important site for studying middle Eocene to early Oligocene climatic evolution. This site is ideal for studying the impact of Neo- Tethyan gateway closure on Indian Ocean currents and circulation to further understand global climatechangesthroughthe greenhousetoicehouse transition. MiddleEocene-to-lower Oligocene strata recovered within Hole 711A (Cores 711A-14X to 21X) primarily consist of clay-bearing nannofossil oozes/chalks, with layers rich in radiolarians. Here, we report a high-resolution mag- netostratigraphic recordanda new integratedagemodel forthemiddleEocene-to-lower Oligocene sectionof Hole 711A.Correlationof thepolaritypattern tothe geomagnetic polarity timescale pro- vides a record from Chron C19r (middle Eocene) to C12r (early Oligocene). Our results extend the existing polarity record down into the middle Eocene and confirm published results from the lower Oligocene section of the hole. Overall, these new results from Hole 711A have important impli- cations foridentifyinganddating global climatechange events,and for reconstructing calcitecom- pensation depth history at this site. Supplementary material:Magnetostratigraphicdata usedfor construction of age modelsforHole
- Published
- 2013
34. Hydrographic changes in the North Atlantic between 330 and 550 ka
- Author
-
Voelker, Antje H. L., Cavaleiro, C., and Rebotim, Andreia
- Subjects
Mudanças climáticas ,Hidrografia ,Circulação oceânica ,Atlântico Norte - Published
- 2012
35. North Atlantic paleo-productivity changes during Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 10 to 16 - Coccolithophore Sr-Ca evidence
- Author
-
Cavaleiro, C., Voelker, Antje H. L., Stoll, H., and Kulhanek, D. K.
- Subjects
Cocolitóforos ,Heinrich events ,Paleoprodutividade ,fungi ,food and beverages ,MIS ,Circulação oceânica - Published
- 2012
36. Stable isotope values of North Atlantic water masses
- Author
-
Voelker, Antje H. L.
- Subjects
Água do mar ,Frente dos Açores (Portugal) ,Isótopos ,Circulação oceânica ,Atlântico Norte - Published
- 2012
37. NW-Atlantic temporal distribution of cold-water corals : a first case study from Cape Lookout area, North Carolina
- Author
-
Matos, Lelia, Mienis, Furu, Frank, Norbert, Thil, François, Wienberg, Claudia, Abrantes, Fátima, Cunha, M. R., and Hebbeln, Dierk
- Subjects
Corais ,Cape Lookout (NC, EUA) ,Variações climáticas ,Carolina do Norte (EUA) ,MIS ,Circulação oceânica - Published
- 2012
38. Avaliação da influência da variabilidade temporal do vento no transporte e formação dos processos de mesoescala da Corrente do Brasil
- Author
-
Magalhães, Fernando Carvalho and Soares, Ivan Dias
- Subjects
Corrente do Brasil ,Ocean circulation ,Energia cinética ,Vento ,Oceanografia ,Brazil current ,Winds ,Kinetic energy ,Circulação oceânica - Abstract
O presente trabalho se propôs a investigar a influência da variabilidade temporal dovento no transporte e na formação dos processos de mesoescala da Corrente do Brasil(CB). Para isso, foram realizados dois experimentos numéricos de 9 anos, utilizando omodelo ROMS (Regional Ocean Modeling System), com o intuito de isolar o efeito dovento. O primeiro experimento foi configurado com Fluxos de Superfície Sinóticos e VentoSinótico (SS) e o segundo com Fluxos de Superfície Sinóticos e Vento Climatológico Mensal (SM), todos do NCEP Reanalysis 2. No que diz respeito a componente climatológica mensal, entende-se esta por uma média mensal climatológica de onze anos de dados, enquanto entende-se a componente sinótica como uma componente de alta frequência, com capacidade de representar a parte estocástica, isto é, aleatória da circulação atmosférica. As simulações foram configuradas mantendo todos os parâmetros iguais, exceto pelos coeficientes de viscosidade turbulenta para velocidade e traçadores e os fluxos de superfície. Os primeiros determinaram a estabilidade numérica das integrações e os demais foram configurados como discutido acima. Observou-se que, sob o efeito de ventos de alta resolução (SS), a representação da CB foi muito próxima da realidade. Em SM, devido a intensidade reduzida do campo de vento,a temperatura da camada acima da termoclina sofreu um aquecimento e o gradiente deelevação da superfície do oceano foi superestimado. Com relação ao transporte de volumeda CB, notou-se um aumento sob efeito do campo de vento climatológico mensal. Acomponente barotrópica do transporte sofreu um aumento de ate 50% em todo o domíniode estudo. Em relação a componente baroclínica percebeu-se uma intensificação mais aoSul do domínio de estudo, provavelmente relacionada ao aquecimento sofrido por SM.A analise energética da CB mostrou SM com valores de energia cinética média elevadose energia cinética turbulenta bastante reduzidos, indicando uma intensificação doescoamento médio da corrente e uma redução na formação dos processos de mesoescala. Por outro lado, SS, em todas as analises, apresentou valores muito próximos daqueles observados in situ. Ao ser investigada a razão pelo qual os SS e SM resultaram em cenários distintos, não observou-se uma relação direta entre as diferenças apresentadas pelos experimentos e efeitos locais, como direção predominante de atuação do campo vento e Transporte de Ekman. The present work aims to investigate the influence of the wind variability on the transportand the formation of mesoscale process of Brazil Current (CB). For this purpose,two numerical experiments were performed for 9 years, using the Regional Ocean ModelingSystem (ROMS), with the intention of isolate the wind eect. The rst experimentwas congured with Synoptic Surface Fluxes and Synoptic Wind (SS) and the secondwith Synoptic Surface Fluxes and Climatological Monthly Wind (SM), both from NCEPReanalysis 2. With respect to the climatological monthly component, means a climatological monthly average of eleven years, while the synoptic component as a high frequency component, capable of representing the stochastic phenomena, ie the random atmospheric circulation. The simulations were congured keeping all parameters the equal, except for the eddy viscosity coecients for velocity and tracers and the surface uxes. The first determined the numerical stability of the integrations and the others were congured as discussed above. It was observed that, under eect of the high resolution winds (SS), the representation of the CB was very close to the reality. In SM, due to the reduced wind eld intensity, the temperature of the layer above the termocline suered a heat and the sea surface gradient was overestimated. With respect to the volume transport of the CB, it was noted an increase under the eect of monthly climatological wind eld. The barotropic component of transport was increased by up to 50% in the entire eld of study. Regarding the component baroclinic saw an intensication of the most southern area of study, probably related to the heating suered by SM. The energy analysis of CB, showed SM with values of mean kinetic energy high and eddy kinetic energy greatly reduced, indicating a intensication of the current mean ow and a reduction of the formation of mesoscale process. On the other hand, SS, in all analysis, showed values very similar to those observed in situ. When investigated the reason why the SS and SM resulted in dierent scenarios, there was not observed a direct relationship between the dierences shown by the experiments and local eects, such as predominant direction of the wind eld and Ekman Transport.
- Published
- 2012
39. he Mid-latitude North Atlantic ocean during marine isotope stages 10-14
- Author
-
Voelker, Antje H. L. and Lebreiro, Susana
- Subjects
Temperatura da superfície do mar ,Variações climáticas ,Temperatura da água do mar ,Circulação oceânica ,Atlântico Norte - Published
- 2011
40. Variability during Marine Isotope Stages 11, 13 and 15 as revealed at IODP Sites U1313 and U1305, North Atlantic
- Author
-
Voelker, Antje H. L., Ventura, Cristina, Cavaleiro, Catarina, Rebotim, Andreia, Hillaire-Marcel, Claude, De Vernal, Anne, and Martin, Pamela A.
- Subjects
Água do mar ,Água superficial ,Variações climáticas ,Isótopos ,Água profunda ,Circulação oceânica ,Atlântico Norte - Published
- 2011
41. Overturning Circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean during Marine Isotope Stage 11c
- Author
-
Voelker, Antje H. L., Abreu, Lúcia de, Hillaire-Marcel, Claude, Vernal, A. de, and Hodell, David A.
- Subjects
Isótopos ,Circulação oceânica ,Atlântico Norte - Published
- 2010
42. Estudo descritivo da circulação sobre a plataforma interna e o efeito ilha : estudo de caso de Guarapari (ES)
- Author
-
Guaitolini, Priscila Barboza, Noernberg, Maurício Almeida, Bastos, Alex Cardoso, and Ghisolfi, Renato David
- Subjects
Plataforma continental - Guarapari (ES) ,Correntes oceânicas ,Recifes artificiais - Guarapari (ES) ,Circulação oceânica - Abstract
Submitted by Morgana Andrade (morgana.andrade@ufes.br) on 2016-06-15T19:17:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) priscila guaitolini.pdf: 5745806 bytes, checksum: 234d60b48b5539b5ef3da822bff40d30 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barros (patricia.barros@ufes.br) on 2016-08-16T15:42:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) priscila guaitolini.pdf: 5745806 bytes, checksum: 234d60b48b5539b5ef3da822bff40d30 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-16T15:42:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) priscila guaitolini.pdf: 5745806 bytes, checksum: 234d60b48b5539b5ef3da822bff40d30 (MD5) O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a circulação sobre uma região da plataforma continental interna ao largo da cidade de Guarapari (ES). Os dados são fruto do monitoramento do recife artificial marinho Victory 8B. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar e avaliar o padrão da circulação baseado em três conjuntos de dados quasesinóticos (23 de Junho de 2006, 8 de Março de 2007 e 26 de Outubro de 2007) coletados com auxílio de um perfilador acústico de correntes (ADCP). Esses dados foram comparados com o padrão de ventos e com o perfil termohalino. O processamento dos dados envolveu a remoção de spikes, suavização por média móvel, retirada do sinal da maré por meio de dados de modelagem numérica, e interpolação linear baseada em triangulação. Os resultados mostraram que as velocidades em Outubro de 2007 foram as mais intensas, seguido dos dados de Março de 2007 e, por último, Junho de 2006. As médias de velocidade foram, respectivamente, 0.28 m.s-1, 0.21 m.s-1 e 0.19 m.s-1. As orientações se mantiveram sempre para SW. Junho e Outubro exibiram semelhanças no padrão de circulação, apresentando um oceano em duas camadas para a componente perpendicular à costa, sendo a porção mais superficial direcionada ao oceano e as mais profundas em direção à costa. Além disso, também foi observado nessas mesmas campanhas a rotação ciclônica dos vetores resultantes de correntes. Essas características mostraram semelhanças com os processos de ascensão de água. Março se mostrou atípico, mantendo a mesma orientação ao longo de toda a coluna de água (223.27º), possivelmente devido à sobreposição de uma forçante à forçante do vento. O efeito ilha foi avaliado e, de acordo com as observações dos campos de velocidade e das componentes paralela e perpendicular à costa, foram notadas características semelhantes a vórtices gerados pelas Ilhas Rasas, sendo concordante com o cálculo do parâmetro de ilha P. This study evaluated the circulation in the inner continental shelf along the city of Guarapari (ES) using data collected during the Victory 8B artificial reef monitoring. The goal of this study was to characterize and analyze the hydrodynamics in this region using three sets of ADCP data sets (June 23, 2006, 8 Mar 2007 and 26 October 2007). The current data processing included the exclusion of bad data, removal of the tidal signal using a barotropic tidal modeling information, the use of a running-average filter and trianglebased cubic interpolate onto produce horizontal and vertical maps. The results showed that average current were southwestward with most intense speeds in October 2007 (0.28 m.s-1) followed by March 2007 (0.21 ms-1) and June 2006 (0.19 ms-1). Cross-shore transects showed a two-layer ocean in June and October. The flow was directed offshore close to the surface and onshore in the remaining of the water column. Moreover the currents rotated cyclonically with the increase in depth. These patterns were similar to the upwelling processes along the coast regions. This scheme was not observed in March when the currents were southwestward from top to bottom even though the winds were northeast suggesting that an external force not yet considered in this analysis is driving the system. Regarding the island effect it was observed in all three data sets the presence of a wake caused by the Ilhas Rasas that maybe associated with the release of eddies, in accordance with the Island Parameter P estimated.
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- 2010
43. Mediterranean outflow water activity on the Western Iberian Margin : evidence from a benthic foraminifer trace element study
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Voelker, Antje H. L., Martin, Pamela A., and Lebreiro, Susana
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Água do mar ,Paleoceanografia ,Foraminíferos bentónicos ,Margem Continental Ibérica ,Água profunda ,Circulação oceânica - Published
- 2010
44. Oceanic biological productivity changes off Iberia during MIS 5 and its relation to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation [Abstract]
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Nave, Silvia, Lebreiro, Susana, Kissel, Catherine, Guihou, Abel, Figueiredo, M. Ondina, Silva, Teresa, Michel, Elizabeth, Cortijo, Elsa, Labeyrie, Laurent, and Voelker, Antje H. L.
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Oceanografia ,Oceano Atlântico ,Geologia marinha ,Circulação oceânica - Published
- 2010
45. Variações da produtividade oceânica ao largo da Península Ibérica durante o MIS 5 e a sua relação com a Circulação Thermohalina = Open ocean productivity changes off Iberia during MIS 5 and its relation to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
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Nave, Silvia, Lebreiro, Susana, Kissel, Catherine, Guihou, Abel, Figueiredo, M. Ondina, Silva, Teresa, Michel, Elizabeth, Cortijo, Elisa, Labeyrie, Laurent, and Voelker, Antje H. L.
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Granulometria ,Corrente marinha ,Foraminíferos bentónicos ,Oceanografia ,Geologia marinha ,Circulação oceânica ,Nutrientes - Abstract
O estudo mostrou que a produtividade oceânica ao largo da costa ocidental Portuguesa é maior durante as fases frias do Estádio 5 e durante os Estádios Glaciares 4 e 6, sugerindo uma maior disponibilidade de nutrientes durante esses períodos. Os dados de d13C, variações da granulometria e parâmetros magnéticos, sugerem correntes de fundo mais fortes durante os períodos frios, concordantes com uma maior contribuição das correntes de fundo austrais na margem Este do Atlântico Norte. Os nossos dados sugerem uma ligação entre a variação da produtividade oceânica e a circulação termohalina.
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- 2010
46. Open oceanic productivity changes at mid-latitudes during interglacials and its relation to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation [Abstract]
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Nave, Silvia, Lebreiro, Susana, Kissel, Catherine, Guihou, Abel, Figueiredo, M. Ondina, Silva, Teresa, Michel, Elizabeth, Cortijo, Elsa, Labeyrie, Laurent, and Voelker, Antje H. L.
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Ecossistema marinho ,Oceanografia ,Oceano Atlântico ,Geologia marinha ,Circulação oceânica - Published
- 2010
47. On the TS relationship in the central region of the Southwest Atlantic: a contribution for the study of ocean variability in the vicinity of the Vitória-Trindade chain
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Caspel, Mathias Rucker Van, Mata, Mauricio Magalhães, and Cirano, Mauro
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Salinity ,Ocean circulation ,XBT ,Southwest Atlantic ,Temperature ,Atlântico Sudoeste ,Temperatura ,Salinidade ,Circulação oceânica - Abstract
O projeto MOVAR (Monitoramento da Variabilidade do Transporte de Calor entre o Rio de Janeiro-RJ e a Ilha da Trindade-ES) foi criado com intuito de estudar a circulação na região oceânica ao sul da Cadeia Submarina de Vitória-Trindade. A amostragem periódica na área é possível graças ao uso de navios de oportunidade para lançar batitermógrafos descartáveis (XBT). Para investigar os fluxos oceânicos de volume usando o método geostrófico com base nos dados mensurados, temperatura apenas, optou-se por utilizar uma metodologia baseada na correlação regional entre temperatura e salinidade (TS). Dentro deste contexto, foram obtidos e testados polinômios de ordem 1 a 10 que possibilitassem estimar a salinidade em função da temperatura. Para tal foram utilizados dados TS do WOD-05 (World Ocean Data Base 2005) e dos perfiladores ARGO disponíveis na região. Após uma seqüência de testes, os polinômios de primeira a quarta ordem foram descartados, sendo os demais utilizados para estimar o transporte ao longo de três seções. Os resultados obtidos com os polinômios foram muito semelhantes entre si, levando à escolha da equação mais simples, P5, para representar a relação TS da região. As estimativas de transporte foram satisfatórias e indicaram que o polinômio pode ser utilizado para este fim. The MOVAR (Monitoring the variability of heat transport between Rio de Janeiro-RJ and Trindade Island-ES) project was created in order to study the oceanic circulation south of the Vitória-Trindade seamount chain. The periodic sampling in the area is possible by using ships of opportunity to launch expendable bathythermographs (XBT). In order to investigate the oceanic volume flows using the geostrophic method based on the measured data, which is the temperature only, we have chosen to use a methodology based on the regional correlation between temperature and salinity (TS). Within this context, polynomials of order 1 to 10 were obtained and tested, in order to enable the estimation of salinity as a function of temperature. Hence, to reach this purpose, TS data from the WOD-05 (World Ocean Data Base 2005) as well as ARGO profiles available in the region were used. After a sequence of tests, the polynomials of first to fourth order were discarded, while the remaining polynomials were used to estimate the transport along three sections. The results obtained with the polynomials were very similar to each other leading to the choice of the simpler equation, P5, to represent the TS relation for the region. Estimates of transport were satisfactory and indicated that the polynomial can be used for this purpose.
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- 2010
48. Population genetics of C. Maenas : oceanography and larval dispersal
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Domingues, Carla Sofia Portela, Queiroga, Henrique, and Carvalho, Gary Robert
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Biologia ,Genética da população ,Caranguejos ,Circulação oceânica - Abstract
Doutoramento em Biologia Decifrar a complexa interacção entre os ciclos de vida de espécies marinhas e a oceanografia revela-se fundamental para a compreensão do fluxo genético e da conectividade no meio marinho. Nas espécies marinhas com desenvolvimento indirecto o fluxo de genes entre populações depende da distância que separa as populações, bem como da interacção entre a duração do desenvolvimento larvar, do comportamento das larvas e dos padrões de circulação oceânica. A conectividade larvar influencia uma variedade de processos como a dinâmica de stocks e de populações, a distribuição e limites geográficos das espécies, a estrutura genética das populações e a dispersão de espécies invasivas e reveste-se consequentemente de uma importância fundamental na identificação das unidades populacionais evolucionariamente relevantes e para a gestão e conservação marinhas. Os marcadores genéticos e os Modelos Individuais Acoplados a Modelos Físico-Biológicos (“ICPBMs”) são actualmente ferramentas fundamentais para o estudo dos padrões de dispersão larvar e para avaliar o nível de conectividade populacional. A presente tese respeita à avaliação das escalas espaciais de conectividade de populações de uma espécie costeira, o caranguejo Carcinus maenas, e utiliza conjuntamente informação de marcadores genéticos, análise de séries temporais de fornecimento de larvas e um modelo numérico de circulação oceânica. O primeiro capítulo introduz a temática da conectividade em espécies marinhas e inclui algumas referências aos métodos moleculares, analíticos e de modelação seguidos ao longo da tese. Através da utilização de múltiplas ferramentas – avaliação da estrutura genética geográfica de C. maenas na sua distribuição nativa com recurso a marcadores de DNA (microssatélites) (Capítulo 2), avaliação da estrutura genética temporal das larvas que formam os eventos de fornecimento larvar à Ria de Aveiro, NW Portugal (Capítulo 3), descrição da variabilidade inter-anual do fornecimento larvar à Ria de Aveiro, NW Portugal (Capítulo 4) e validação de um modelo ICPBM que descreve os padrões observados de fornecimento (Capítulo 5) – esta tese espera poder contribuir para uma melhor compreensão dos mecanismos que regulam o fluxo de genes e a conectividade entre populações de organismos marinhos. No Capítulo 6 são apresentadas as principais conclusões da investigação. A análise genética com recurso a microssatélites indicou que as populações de C. maenas são geneticamente homogéneas ao longo de várias centenas de km, dentro da distribuição nativa da espécie. Paralelamente, não foram encontrados indícios da existência de reprodução por “sweepstakes” em C. maenas de populações da costa oeste da Península Ibérica, visto que não se obtiveram diferenças genéticas significativas entre os eventos larvares. Também não se encontrou qualquer estrutura familiar entre as larvas que formam cada episódio de fornecimento, e não houve nenhuma redução significativa da variabilidade genética das larvas quando comparada com a de caranguejos adultos. A análise de séries temporais de suprimento de larvas na Ria de Aveiro em cinco anos estudados indica que este é um fenómeno episódico e variável, sendo os maiores episódios de fornecimento coincidentes com as marés vivas e acentuados por fortes ventos de sul. O modelo ICPBM foi validado com sucesso e parece fornecer uma estimativa realística das escalas espaciais e temporais de dispersão larvar, de acordo com as observações da estrutura genética e da ausência de reprodução por “sweepstake” em C. maenas da costa oeste da Península Ibérica Unravelling the interactions between life-history strategies and oceanographic processes is central to the understanding of gene flow and connectivity in the marine environment. In particular, for marine species with indirect development gene flow between populations depends on the distance separating the populations and on the interaction between duration of the larval phase, larval behaviour and current patterns. Larval connectivity affects many processes, including stock and population dynamics, species ranges, population genetic structure, and the spread of invasive species and is therefore an important consideration to identify evolutionary relevant population unit and for marine management and conservation efforts. Genetic markers and Individual-based Coupled Physical-Biological Models (ICPBMs) are two of the tools currently available for tracking dispersal pathways of larvae and to assess the degree of population connectivity. The present thesis concerns the spatial and temporal scale assessment of population connectivity of a coastal marine species, the shore crab Carcinus maenas, making use of genetic markers, time series larval supply analysis and an oceanographic numerical model. Chapter 1 introduces the thematic of marine species connectivity, including a brief reference to the molecular, analytical and modelling methods followed during the study. Making use of an interdisciplinary approach – assessment of genetic geographical structure with microsatellite markers within C. maenas native range (Chapter 2), assessment of temporal genetic structure of larvae forming each supply event to the Ria de Aveiro, NW Portugal (Chapter 3), description of interannual variability of larval supply to the Ria de Aveiro, NW Portugal (Chapter 4) and validation of an ICPBM to describe the observed time series of supply (Chapter 5) – the aims of this thesis is to contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms regulating gene flow and connectivity among marine populations. Finally, in Chapter 6 the main results and conclusions achieved are presented. Microsatellites analysis indicated that C. maenas populations were genetically similar across hundreds of km, within the species native range. Additionally, there was no evidence of sweepstakes reproduction in C. maenas from western Iberian coast populations since there were no significant differences amongst larval events. Among larvae in each episode, no genetic relatedness was found, and larvae did not present reduced genetic variability when compared to adult crabs. On a long time scale, larval supply to the Ria de Aveiro was episodic and variable throughout five different studied years, with highest supply numbers generally occurring around spring tides and enhanced by strong southerly winds. The ICPBM was successfully validated and appears to provide a realistic estimate of the observed spatial and temporal scales of the larval dispersal, consistent with the observations on genetic structure and lack of sweepstake reproduction in C. maenas from western Iberian coast.
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- 2010
49. Study of marine currents by the utilization of drift cards off Pernambuco State, Brazil
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Lira, Luiz, Wor, Catarina, Hazin, Fábio Hissa Vieira, Braga Júnior, Hermon Augusto da Costa, and Santos, José Carlos Pacheco dos
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Ventos ,Correntes de maré - Pernambuco (BR) ,Circulação oceânica - Abstract
LIRA, L. et al. Estudo de correntes marinhas por meio do lançamento de cartões de deriva no litoral do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar. Fortaleza, v. 43, n. 1, p. 30-37, 2010. Aiming to better understand the coastal circulation in the Pernambuco continental shelf, in relation to the wind’s velocity and direction, drift cards were deployed in two groups of 5000 cards each. The experiment was conducted under two wind conditions, the first with prevailing winds from Southeast and the second with prevailing winds from Northeast. The results showed a clear influence of the seasonal wind system over the currents direction. The currents South-North direction was prevalent during summer months due to higher frequency and intensity of the winds from South and Southeast. This current direction has greater impact on the underwater beach zone and is responsible for raising the water turbidity. When the current direction changes to North-South, the continental water, rich in sediment and pollutants, tend to move off the coast line without affecting the level of turbidity and pollution of the beaches. Objetivando melhor conhecer a circulação costeira na plataforma de Pernambuco, em função da intensidade e direção dos ventos, foram realizados dois lançamentos de cartões de deriva, com 5000 cartões cada, nas proximidades do Porto de Suape. O experimento foi realizado sob duas condições eólicas, a primeira com ventos predominantes de Sudeste e a segunda com ventos predominantes de Nordeste. Os resultados obtidos mostraram uma clara influência do sistema sazonal de ventos sobre a direção das correntes. A direção Sul-Norte das correntes foi predominante nos meses de verão devido à maior freqüência e intensidade dos ventos provenientes de Sul e Sudeste. Essa direção da corrente tem maior impacto sobre a zona de praia submarina sendo responsável pela elevação na turbidez da água. Quando ocorre a inversão da corrente para Norte-Sul, as águas continentais ricas em sedimentos e poluentes, tendem a passar ao largo da linha de costa, sem afetar a balneabilidade das praias.
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- 2010
50. Avaliação do efeito topográfico da cadeia Vitória-Trindade na dinâmica da corrente do Brasil durante o verão
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Maneschy, Felipe Sarquis Aiex, Calado, Leandro, Soutelino, Rafael Guarino, Rocha, C. B., Miranda, J. A., Fernandes, A. M., Maneschy, Felipe Sarquis Aiex, Calado, Leandro, Soutelino, Rafael Guarino, Rocha, C. B., Miranda, J. A., and Fernandes, A. M.
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Brasil ,Circulação Oceânica ,Modelagem e Simulação - Abstract
A Corrente do Brasil (CB) ao largo da costa brasileira flui através de complexa topografia marcada por quebras bruscas de gradientes e formas salientes se destacando do talude e sopé continental, com a qual interage resultando em um padrão meandrante
- Published
- 2010
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