Search

The goal of this study was to examine the collections of eBooks in Spanish provided by vendors of library resources to school libraries to determine if there are equitable offerings of eBooks in Spanish relative to the Spanish-speaking school population in the United States. The results of the study indicated that the top vendors do provide eBooks in Spanish, but the titles comprised a small percentage of their total collections and do not mirror national demographics. Research findings showed that with only one to three percent of eBook titles in vendor's collections available in Spanish, there is a lack of equity in Spanish language eBook titles compared to the national school population of10% to 17% Spanish speaking children with varying degrees of English proficiency. This lack of equity in Spanish eBooks available for school libraries will be of growing concern as demand for eBooks in Spanish increases with the growing Spanish speaking school population in U.S. public schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In June, 2001 the CITY2000 Foundation donated 500,000 photographic negatives, over 500 audio- and videotapes, and office archives to the University of Illinois at Chicago. The collection represents an image time capsule of a major American city during the year of the millennium. Every class of individual, event of the year, and neighborhood was explored by 200 professional photographers and brought together in this unique archive. As part of its agreement in accepting the archive, the UIC Library committed to making the collection available at least until the year 3000. This paper discusses the steps UIC is taking to make this possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With the mandate to review all available literature in the study's inclusion parameters, systematic review projects are likely to require full-text access to a significant number of articles that are not available in a library's collection, thereby necessitating ordering content via interlibrary loan (ILL). The aim of this study is to understand what effect a systematic review service has on the copyright royalty fees accompanying ILL requests at an academic health sciences library. Case Presentation: The library created a custom report using ILLiad data to look specifically at 2018 ILL borrowing requests that were known to be part of systematic reviews. This subset of borrowing activity was then analyzed to determine its impact on the library's copyright royalty expenditures for the year. In 2018, copyright eligible borrowing requests that were known to be part of systematic reviews represented only approximately 5% of total filled requests that involved copyright eligible borrowing. However, these systematic review requests directly or indirectly caused approximately 10% of all the Spencer S. Eccles Library copyright royalty expenditures for 2018 requests. Conclusion: Based on the sample data set, the library's copyright royalty expenditures did increase, but the overall financial impact was modest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the development of a comprehensive collections security plan by the Library of Congress in 1997 in the U.S. Use of limited library resources; Provision of a protection program for library collections; Framework of physical security control.

This article explores the environmental activism of the United Auto Workers (UAW) in the United States under its long-serving president Walter Reuther. While Reuther has been recognised as a powerful figure in post-war liberalism--an industry opponent dubbed him 'the most dangerous man in Detroit' due to the union's bargaining power--important aspects of his environmental activism have been overlooked. In the 1960s, the UAW was America's largest industrial union, and its members worked in an industry that was a major polluter, making Reuther an unlikely environmentalist. Despite this, Reuther--who described himself as an 'ardent conservationist'--carried out pioneering environmental work, reflecting his global travels and commitment to social unionism. Drawing on detailed research in Reuther's papers, this article explores how in the 1960s the UAW fought for expanded public space, particularly national parks, and pressed for clean air and water. In doing so, it often stressed its members' increasing recreational needs. It also established a landmark environmental department and pushed the industry to make small cars at a time when it had little interest in doing so. While there were limits, this article argues that the union was ahead of its time on many issues, especially in supporting stronger government regulation of pollution. For Reuther, environmentalism was a lifelong passion, and he died in 1970 in a plane crash while organising a UN conference on 'Man's Living Environment'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the outreach to students taking classes over 80 locations within the State of Maine, as well as students taking classes nationally via the World Wide Web through the University of Maine System Network. Collections and services available through the University of Maine System's digital library and the Off-Campus Library Services Office; Reserve services for students at remote locations.

There is a strong connection between cities and literature; they inhabit and shape each other. Sociologists have studied the relationship between them, looking at how literary meaning is developed and how it shapes urban and social milieus. While there is a large body of poetry-based research, newspaper poetry remains largely unexplored in the United States. Drawing on discourse and content analysis of a new and never-used set of poems published in Milwaukee's two major alternative newspapers between 1967 and 1973, this article analyses poetic representations of Milwaukee's social, institutional and urban dimensions. Additionally, it examines variability and continuity in the focus of these poems, as well as the factors that might shape these patterns. The results show multiple technical and rhetoric mechanisms used by poets when representing that historical period poetically and reveal that even in periods of intense social upheaval, 'love' and 'death' appear to be the primary themes in which poets focus on. This article also devotes particular attention to the relationship between poetry and the urban space, and the implications of platforms of distribution and consumption in poetic representations of cities' historical periods and change building on literature on the connections between local environment and cultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the general consensus that field experience during library school is important for applying theory to practical situations, there is a lack of understanding about what students want from, and the barriers they face to acquire, graduate employment. A survey was sent to ALA accredited Master of Library Science programs in the United States, asking students about their library employment status and to rank factors that influenced their decision to accept their positions. Patterns emerged when results were grouped by various life factors. The results of this study show what students are looking for from employment, which could help employers recruit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this column is to examine the current environment of 3D printing and its suitability for use in the library. Design/methodology/approach – Literature review and commentary on this topic that has been addressed by professionals, researchers and practitioners. Findings – The library is more than its collection. As 3D printing joins the technology selections available in the library, it offers patrons the opportunity to create and further develop their skills, in order to explore and potentially innovate, in a welcoming environment of intellectual stimulation and experimentation. Originality/value – The value in addressing this issue is to present the basic details around this new technology and suggest that it has value for its inclusion into the current array of library services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This selective bibliographic essay on government information on education available at the U.S. Department of Education, National Library of Education, describes a wealth of resources available in print, microform, and/or electronic formats. More specialized library resources- archival collections, expert staff-are touched upon. Emphasis is placed on information generated by the Department of Education or its contractors or grantees. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Technological advancements and lower production costs since the mid-1990s have dramatically improved opportunities for instructors to tailor self-made instructional videos for their students. However, video production technology has outpaced the development of educational theory, causing instructional videos to consistently fall short of their pedagogical potential. Responding to these shortcomings, scholars from various backgrounds have started publishing guidelines to help practitioners as they develop instructional videos for their respective fields. Using a rapid literature review, this article contributes to this ongoing effort by synthesizing theory-based, best-practice guidelines for a specific subcategory of educational videos called supplemental instructional videos (SIVs). SIVs are different from other types of instructional videos in that they are used to support and magnify other learning methods, mediums, and materials rather than substitute for them. Bringing the best-practice guidelines synthesized in this paper immediately into application, they were used to inform the production of SIVs for an undergraduate course that was held in the Building Construction Department of a major public university in the United States during the Spring 2020 semester. The methods used in the production of the SIV guidelines were systematically documented during the course for future researchers and practitioners to learn and build from. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the future condition of the library collections for adults in the U.S. that requires to rethink what will be collected, how to collect and make the collections available. It states that libraries are far from the traditional quite place due to the emergence of technological innovations that allow library users to connect and use all available resources to gain knowledge. The need for librarians to cope up with the technological advances is also emphasized.

Tourist homes, private residences that rented rooms to traveling guests, were once a popular form of tourist accommodation in the United States. Reaching their peak in the early 20th century, tourist homes largely became obsolete as hotels and motels were able to provide relatively inexpensive and standardized forms of hospitality. As a result of their meteoric rise and fall, and the private nature of the lodging, tourist homes have been neglected in studies of historical tourism and hospitality. However, tourist homes occupied an important position in providing welcome and other forms of hospitality to travelers, particularly Black Americans, in the first half of the 20th century, and this role deserves to be recovered and recognized. An exploration of tourist homes listed in the Green Book, a Black American-centric travel guide published during the Jim Crow Era, reveals that tourist homes not only lodged travelers overnight, but also significantly contributed to forms of mobile resistance against white supremacy. Specifically, through a conceptualization of hospitality as resistance, tourist homes enabled opportunities for Black Americans to gain economic and social capital through processes of welcoming and establishing 'Black counterpublic spaces'. Particularly through constructions of home-like environments, tourist homes presented spaces that served as moorings within larger mobility networks, countering white supremacist attempts to immobilize and disadvantage Black Americans. Given these contributions to resistance and Black mobility, tourist homes deserve to be included in studies of tourism, hospitality, and Black geographies as important sites of welcoming, resistance, and resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the availability of LGBTQ Spanish language nonfiction books among selected university libraries along the United States–Mexico border to measure access to materials for readers and researchers and identify what resources selectors might use to inform purchases. This study utilizes 37 titles and seven libraries for a comparison of holdings. It seeks to expand the body of knowledge available regarding LGBTQ literature while establishing a baseline regarding the availability of LGBTQ Spanish-language materials in academic libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To better understand the funding issues confronting public libraries today, this article examines the development of library services for the public in the United States before the emergence of the tax-supported public library in the first half of the 19th century. It follows an earlier article on the development of such services in England. Adopting a historical research methodological approach, it was found that the early types of libraries included the town book collection, the social library and the commercial circulating library, and these are described and discussed. Where possible, funding or financial issues are highlighted. The importance of philanthropic and voluntary support emerged as important factors in the establishment and maintenance of the social library in its various forms. However, it was found that neither type of support was able to sustain the existence of the social library, and this was particularly evident during difficult economic times. With the emergence of the tax-supported public library, the social library slowly declined in importance and, with a few exceptions, eventually disappeared, often being absorbed into the emerging public library system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Libraries in the United States handle sensitive patron information, including personally identifiable information and circulation records. With libraries providing services to millions of patrons across the U.S., it is important that they understand the importance of patron privacy and how to protect it. This study investigates how knowledge transferred within an online cybersecurity education affects library employee information security practices. The results of this study suggest that knowledge transfer does have a positive effect on library employee information security and risk management practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article argues that book banning in public school libraries is a violation of students' First Amendment rights, and a device employed to reinforce principles of white supremacy within the U.S. public education system. It mentions that challenged books are mostly authored by individuals from LGBTQ, discussing themes such as sexual orientation. It suggests that the First Amendment's principles can be preserved and systemic injustices that massively affect People of color communities.

This article discusses the distribution of rhotic and non-rhotic English in the United States between 1770 and 1849. For the study, handwritten documents belonging to individuals from different social classes were inspected to identify misspellings that deviated from conventional spelling patterns (if compared to dictionaries and spellers of the time) regarding or the previous vowel. The investigation shows that during the period elision was never the most frequent occurrence. In fact, the results indicate that it was the quality of the previous vowel that underwent significant oscillations. Regarding the distribution of rhotic and non-rhotic English in the United States, the evidence suggests that r-lessness happened mostly in states that are predominantly non-rhotic today. In terms of social variation, there was a tendency for the middle classes to produce more non-rhotic misspellings than other classes. Lastly, the data indicates a strong possibility of a rapid expansion of non-rhotic English after 1850. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historic Sanborn fire insurance maps of cities in the United States are utilized extensively for comprehending past built environments and evaluating potential environmental risks. While previous research in the spatial humanities has explored diverse contemporary applications for these maps, there has been limited attention devoted to the evolution of Sanborn fire insurance maps over their nearly century-long production history. This study delves into the components of fire insurance maps produced by the Sanborn Map Company, shedding light on their varying formats, scales, and annotations, discussing how they have changed over time. The paper also examines the map correction process and identifies potential alternative sources for accessing fire insurance maps. Additionally, the diverse nature of these maps as source materials is contemplated, emphasizing the valuable insights that can be gained by critically analyzing the construction of Sanborn fire insurance maps. Given the significant reliance of numerous spatial humanities projects on these historic maps, particularly those focused on urban areas, this paper provides important contextualization of this source of geospatial information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the beginning of the Spring 2020 semester, academic institutions in the United States shifted rapidly to virtual instruction amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This shift forced the libraries associated with these institutions to create innovative ways to reach faculty, staff, and students in an online mode. At the University of Memphis, librarians enhanced many existing online services and developed new ones. This study tracks the utilization of these services by online instructors during the span of one year since the COVID-19 pandemic began. The methods were mixed, involving a survey soliciting information from online instructors using both qualitative and quantitative methods and follow-up interviews conducted privately and virtually with teaching faculty and staff. This article presents the findings of this research and details the plans for further action at the University of Memphis to enhance and promote library services to online faculty. The plan involves increasing the level of online marketing, involvement with faculty training, and the enhancement of existing services, specifically embedded librarianship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Few women major in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields at the undergraduate level. Given the drive to attract and retain students in general, and women in STEM in particular, educational institutions need to know what resources and services might help support these students in their work. This study seeks to provide a better understanding of how undergraduate women in STEM use the academic library. The study involved focus groups and interviews with women at a research-intensive university in the United States. Grounded theory principles provided a basis for analysis of the collected conversations. The findings from this study indicate that undergraduate women in STEM depend on the academic library as a quiet place to study where there are few distractions and technology is easily available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a snapshot of some major collections-related trends and issues in current academic libraries today. These include using collection development policies; demand-driven acquisition (DDA) models; big deals; using the collections budget; rationalizing legacy print collections; stewarding local digital collections; and demonstrating value.Design/methodology/approach A web survey was developed and sent to 20 academic librarians via e-mail during the summer of 2016, along with a statement on the purpose of the study.Findings The findings are as follows: the collections budget is used to fund many costs other than content (such as memberships and MARC records); most libraries are experimenting with DDA in one form or another; most libraries financially support open access investments; most libraries participate in at least one collaborative print rationalization project; and libraries have diverse methods of demonstrating value to their institutions.Research limitations/implications This was a very selective survey of North American academic libraries. Therefore, these findings are not necessarily valid on a broader scale.Practical implications Within the limitations above, the results provide librarians and others with an overview of current practices and trends related to key issues affecting collection development and management in North America.Originality/value These results are quite current and will enable academic librarians engaged in collection development and management to compare their current policies and practices with what is presented here. The results provide a current snapshot of the ways in which selected libraries are coping with transformative challenges and a rapidly changing environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to understand the current state of the field of special collections library administration in the United States. Using a dataset gathered through publicly available information about special collections directors from the Association of Research Libraries (ARL), Independent Research Libraries Association (IRLA), and the Oberlin Group institutional members, the authors explore the educational backgrounds of directors, the types of positions they held prior to taking on their current roles, and the effect of gender on leadership advancement. This article also discusses the similarities and differences between institution types as well as promotions within institutions and across types of institutions.

The rapid shift to online instruction at academic institutions due to the COVID-19 pandemic increased demand for streaming media resources offered by academic libraries. This shift prompted many academic libraries to employ new methods to provide access to streaming content. The authors sought to survey academic libraries with the purpose of assessing activities libraries participate in regarding streaming video acquisitions. This article examines the results of a survey the authors created and distributed to academic libraries in the United States. By sharing these results, the authors aim to provide useful information for others who manage streaming video collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent developments in Canada, the United States, and beyond continue to test librarians' resolve and to redefine how we view ourselves and engage with communities. Drawing on examples from both Canada and the United States and deploying the concept of "border" as an analytical trope, we seek to probe and unsettle the geographic, professional, and ideological interfaces that librarians constantly negotiate. In a world where data know no borders but indigenous and other bodies are constrained by them, how do we respond to the "Calls to Action" of Canada's Truth and Reconciliation Commission, to the violent displacement of millions of Syrians, to the resurgence of divisive politics and racist rhetorics, or to the surrender to data? Using the Trump election as a launching point, we explore key drivers for change in LIS in instances when politics spill into our professional purview. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including the sociopolitical climate that affects libraries in the U.S., the impact of the 2016 presidential elections on library education, and the challenges that libraries face.

Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric disorder, leading to both physical and social morbidity. Worldwide 1% of the population is struggling with the disease, with 100,000 new cases annually only in the United States. Despite its importance, the goal of finding effective treatments for schizophrenia remains a challenging task, and previous work conducted expensive large-scale phenotypic screens. This work investigates the benefits of Machine Learning for graphs to optimize drug phenotypic screens and predict compounds that mitigate abnormal brain reduction induced by excessive glial phagocytic activity in schizophrenia subjects. Given a compound and its concentration as input, we propose a method that predicts a score associated with three possible compound effects, i.e., reduce, increase, or not influence phagocytosis. We leverage a high-throughput screening to prove experimentally that our method achieves good generalization capabilities. The screening involves 2218 compounds at five different concentrations. Then, we analyze the usability of our approach in a practical setting, i.e., prioritizing the selection of compounds in the SWEETLEAD library. We provide a list of 64 compounds from the library that have the most potential clinical utility for glial phagocytosis mitigation. Lastly, we propose a novel approach to computationally validate their utility as possible therapies for schizophrenia. Author summary: Phagocytosis is a fundamental biological process to protect biological organisms from exogenous infectious particles as well as to preserve equilibrium and efficiency of the host by removing its unwanted cells. A dysregulation of the phagocytic activity can lead to severe consequences for the host. In this study, we focus on a recent theory that relates an excessive phagocytic activity in brain cells, and a consequent abnormal reduction in brain volume, to the development of schizophrenia. Our working hypothesis is that pharmaceutical compounds that can reduce excessive of phagocytic activity might prove effective as a schizophrenia treatment. Rather than attempting to develop ex-novo such a chemical compound, we rely on a more cost-effective and efficient approach that seeks candidate therapies in a set of approved chemical compounds. To achieve this, we train a machine learning model capable of predicting, with good accuracy, the ability of a molecular compound to increase or decrease phagocytosis in the target brain cells. Our approach leverages learning models capable of directly processing the molecular graph of the compound, leading to the identification of 64 candidate drugs of potential clinical utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the public library in Arizona - Phoenix Public Library - considering the visit and the discussions that the author had with the library director, Ms. Toni Garvey. In 2004 she was conferred the title "librarian of the year" by the Library Journal Magazine as she is well known for successfully managing the library with its 17 branches and for promoting the new role of the library as open space, stating that "the library is the most democratic institution". As for the size of the collection, Phoenix Public Library counts 181.570 reference items (that are not available for circulation) children literature, rare books and the "Arizona" collection, 25.609 digital items, 11.973 newspapers and magazines, and a small collection of Romanian books. Tony Garvey joined the American delegation that visited Romania in 2010 with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation program, and she was amazed by the openness and willingness of Romanian librarians to learn about the experiences of their American colleagues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the history of milestones in the United States and examines the milestones located in Dutchess County, New York. It examines the role that was played in the development of the milestone system by statesman Benjamin Franklin while he served as United States Postmaster General as well as the efforts U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to institute the system in New York during his time as governor.

The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) on NASA''s Terra platform has been widely used in geological and other science studies. In support of ASTER studies, a library of natural and man-made materials was compiled as the ASTER Spectral Library v1.2 and made available from http://speclib.jpl.nasa.gov. The library is a collection of contributions in a standard format with ancillary data from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Johns Hopkins University (JHU) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). A new version of the library (v2.0) is now available online or via CD, which includes major additions to the mineral and rock spectra. The ASTER library provides a comprehensive collection of over 2300 spectra of a wide variety of materials covering the wavelength range 0.4–15.4 µm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article contains information about the Stanford University library in California and the Hoover Institution. The author presents biographical data about U.S. President Herbert Hoover and the formation of a library collection with materials from World War I. Information is presented about the history of the Stanford library and the Hoover Institution. The author discusses details about the library collection available at the Hoover Institution, including financial aspects.

For almost a half-century creative works by Estonians abroad were unknown and inaccessible in the homeland. Exile literature was stored away in the special collections departments of libraries In 1972 it was decided to set up a special collections department at the ESSR Academy of Sciences Library of the time, which from 1974 onwards could be accessed by a limited group of readers on the basis of special permits. The situation changed in 1988-1989, when the use of the special collections was freed of restrictions. From that time on, the collections were rapidly increased due to book donations by the Estonians abroad. As a result of the steady effort of Academic Library of Tallinn University, the collection of expatriate Estonian literature has become the most complete one of its kind in Estonia, containing over 5000 book titles and over 600 journal titles. The collection contains over 31 thousand published items. The databases have been instrumental to reference activities, conducted by the Centre of Estonian Exile Literature. They are regularly used in the day-to-day work and provide information on the content of the collections. The referred databases are available on the web site of Academic Library of Tallinn University. Collections of expatriate Estonian literature are available in the archives of expatriate Estonians throughout the world as well as in Estonia libraries. In the interests of better preservation, microfilms and digital copies are now prepared from newspapers, which are available on the web site of National Library of Estonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the citations included in forestry master's theses at Mississippi State University from 1999 to 2003 in order to increase librarians' understanding of the sources used by forestry researchers. The results, which are compared with related citation studies, demonstrate the interdisciplinary nature of the field as well as the variety of sources used in forestry research. Forestry graduate students cited journal articles, books, theses and dissertations, conference proceedings, government and university publications, association and company reports, and miscellaneous other resources. Knowledge of these various sources can strengthen the services provided by librarians who assist forestry researchers through reference services, library instruction, and collection management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Imago Mundi is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses Section 108 of the United States Copyright Law. The rights of reproduction and distribution under this section apply to a copy or phonorecord of an unpublished work duplicated in facsimile form solely for purposes of preservation and security or for deposit for research use in another library or archives of the type described by clause (2) of subsection (a), if the copy or phonorecord reproduced is currently in the collections of the library or archives. The right of reproduction under this section applies to a copy or phonorecord of a published work duplicated in facsimile form. solely for the purpose of replacement of a copy or phonorecord that is damaged, deteriorating, lost, or stolen, if the library or archives has, after a reasonable effort, determined that an unused replacement cannot be obtained at a fair price.

As universities attempt to expand access to higher education through the establishment of distance centers, it is important that those distance students receive library services equivalent to those offered on the main campus. The author describes how Southeast Missouri State University is attempting to serve these non-traditional learners through innovative techniques and resources. By making use of both subscription and freely available online databases, providing document delivery through the interlibrary loan department, recycling still valuable reference materials, and developing a list of recommended materials that each distance center should have available in its own collection, the library is fulfilling its mission to these students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lists items added to the Huntington Library's collections of primary research materials and made available to researchers in 2000. Items appearing under the categories 'Manuscripts,' 'Rare Books,' 'Photographs' and 'Prints and Ephemera'; Statement of acknowledgment appearing at the end of the entry where gifts by donors have made acquisitions possible.

The article shares the author's perspectives on the collection management in academic libraries in the U.S. For him, the important element of academic libraries, which is collection, is slowly decreasing and mismanagement is prevalent in academic libraries. Furthermore, the availability of journal collections has been decreasing in libraries, however, such collections are rapidly becoming available in digital forms. In fact, studies and reports from librarians and vendors, show that digital journals are increasingly used each year. He concluded that in an increasingly digital and consortial world, the library as a place must give way to something such as the library as a mission.

Copyright of Contemporary Accounting Research is the property of Canadian Academic Accounting Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) initiative for K-12 education has been adopted by 45 states and will have a broad impact on American education al institutions, including libraries. The CCSS focus on close reading of informational texts, inquiry learning, and college and career readiness with an emphasis on assessment and accountability. This research study used a focusgroup approach to provide a framework for asking school librarians from two states about the future of teaching and learning and th e types of challenges they envision for the future. The datacollected were then aligned with CCSS to better understand the p otential impact for patrons of all types of libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, science trade books from the libraries of 10 elementary schools across the United States were evaluated using the modified Hunsader rubric for their overall quality pertaining to science content, literacy, and critical literacy criteria. Findings indicate that 62% of the books met the overall science content criterion, 99% met the overall literacy criterion, and 41% met the overall critical literacy criterion. The majority of science trade books in each school were life science books, and the majority of books across all schools were 18-23 years old, with many being much older. Implications and recommendations are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay, we offer a comparative analysis of women service workers in early cinema in Britain and the United States from the 1910s to the 1930s. Although this period has been the subject of much important scholarship in film history over the past several decades, women's experiences as box office attendants, cashiers, cigarette girls, purveyors of ice cream and sweets, and especially as usherettes, constitute an under-researched field. Tracing the narratives surrounding women's work in a wide variety of capacities in early cinema auditoriums can illuminate much about how women were perceived as employees and sexualized as objects of the gaze of male patrons, while, at the same time, acting as spectators and mediators with a privileged perspective on both the screen and the audience. In pursuing this line of inquiry, we draw not only on existing scholarship, but also on our own original research on industry journals, girls' and women's popular magazines, star and fan culture, and changing conditions for women's labor and leisure in the interwar period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]