1. Revealing the Yeast Diversity of the Flor Biofilm Microbiota in Sherry Wines Through Internal Transcribed Spacer-Metabarcoding and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry.
- Author
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Carbonero-Pacheco, Juan, Moreno-García, Jaime, Moreno, Juan, García-Martínez, Teresa, and Mauricio, Juan Carlos
- Subjects
TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry ,MATRIX-assisted laser desorption-ionization ,SHERRY ,MASS spectrometry ,YEAST ,RESTRICTION fragment length polymorphisms ,BIOFILMS - Abstract
Flor yeast velum is a biofilm formed by certain yeast strains that distinguishes biologically aged wines such as Sherry wine from southern Spain from others. Although Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most common species, 5.8 S-internal transcribed spacer (ITS) restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses have revealed the existence of non- Saccharomyces species. In order to uncover the flor microbiota diversity at a species level, we used ITS (internal transcribed spacer 1)-metabarcoding and matrix-assisted laser desorption/Ionization time of flight mass spectrometry techniques. Further, to enhance identification effectiveness, we performed an additional incubation stage in 1:1 wine:yeast extract peptone dextrose (YPD) before identification. Six species were identified: S. cerevisiae , Pichia manshurica , Pichia membranifaciens , Wickerhamomyces anomalus , Candida guillermondii , and Trichosporon asahii , two of which were discovered for the first time (C. guillermondii and Trichosporon ashaii) in Sherry wines. We analyzed wines where non- Saccharomyces yeasts were present or absent to see any potential link between the microbiota and the chemical profile. Only 2 significant volatile chemicals (out of 13 quantified), ethanol and ethyl lactate, and 2 enological parameters (out of 6 quantified), such as pH and titratable acidity, were found to differ in long-aged wines. Although results show a low impact where the non- Saccharomyces yeasts are present, these yeasts isolated from harsh environments (high ethanol and low nutrient availability) could have a potential industrial interest in fields such as food microbiology and biofuel production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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