1. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy v. treatment as usual in adults with ADHD: a multicentre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial.
- Author
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Janssen, Lotte, Kan, Cornelis C., Carpentier, Pieter J., Sizoo, Bram, Hepark, Sevket, Schellekens, Melanie P.J., Donders, A. Rogier T., Buitelaar, Jan K., and Speckens, Anne E.M.
- Subjects
TREATMENT of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ,ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder ,COGNITIVE therapy ,COMBINED modality therapy ,GROUP psychotherapy ,LIFE skills ,LONGITUDINAL method ,MEDICAL cooperation ,MEDITATION ,MENTAL health ,RESEARCH ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SELF-evaluation ,SELF-perception ,EVIDENCE-based medicine ,COMPASSION ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,BLIND experiment ,EXECUTIVE function ,MINDFULNESS ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PSYCHOEDUCATION ,SYMPTOMS ,ADULTS - Abstract
Background: There is a high need for evidence-based psychosocial treatments for adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to offer alongside treatment as usual (TAU). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is a promising psychosocial treatment. This trial investigated the efficacy of MBCT + TAU v. TAU in reducing core symptoms in adults with ADHD. Methods: A multicentre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02463396). Participants were randomly assigned to MBCT + TAU (n = 60), an 8-weekly group therapy including meditation exercises, psychoeducation and group discussions, or TAU only (n = 60), which reflected usual treatment in the Netherlands and included pharmacotherapy and/or psychoeducation. Primary outcome was ADHD symptoms rated by blinded clinicians. Secondary outcomes included self-reported ADHD symptoms, executive functioning, mindfulness skills, self-compassion, positive mental health and general functioning. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, 3- and 6-month follow-up. Post-treatment effects at group and individual level, and follow-up effects were examined. Results: In MBCT + TAU patients, a significant reduction of clinician-rated ADHD symptoms was found at post-treatment [ M difference = −3.44 (−5.75, −1.11), p = 0.004, d = 0.41]. This effect was maintained until 6-month follow-up. More MBCT + TAU (27%) than TAU participants (4%) showed a ⩽30% reduction of ADHD symptoms (p = 0.001). MBCT + TAU patients compared with TAU patients also reported significant improvements in ADHD symptoms, mindfulness skills, self-compassion and positive mental health at post-treatment, which were maintained until 6-month follow-up. Although patients in MBCT + TAU compared with TAU reported no improvement in executive functioning at post-treatment, they did report improvement at 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: MBCT might be a valuable treatment option alongside TAU for adult ADHD aimed at alleviating symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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