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Whilst teaching and learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) rightly focuses on meaningful and purposeful transactional language use, interpersonal language is often downplayed or given cursory treatment even though it is an equally essential and perhaps even more fulfilling dimension of target language interaction. Interpersonal language as expressed through small talk, for instance, represents an important personal and interactional resource for establishing, developing, and maintaining relationships. However, small talk is often reduced to formulaic categorisation or practised through routinised communicative functions. To understand how foreign language users engage in small talk, a qualitative study was carried out through conducting participation-observations. The results of this study reveal the exploratory, celebratory, and supportive relational dimensions to small talk and illustrate how such insights can be exploited in FL teaching and learning. In this article, we argue that small talk should be appreciated, valued, and accentuated not only for its ability to enhance meaningful and productive communication but also needs to be exploited for its exploratory, celebratory, and supportive interactive function.

This study examines the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depression symptoms among college students, paying special attention to gender-related differences. To do that, we use data from a special survey applied to all students from one of Mexico's largest universities six months after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was applied online through the university's IT platform, obtaining a response rate of 48.2% and a final sample of 66,067 students. We follow an empirical strategy commonly found in the literature that involves the use of a Negative Binomial Regression Model on two mental health scales: the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Zung Depression Scale. The loss of household income and the resulting necessity to participate in the labor market, as well as the lack of sufficient infrastructure to face confinement and online study, were identified as the two main pathways via which the COVID-19 pandemic harmed the mental health of college students. Although female students presented higher rates of anxiety and depression and were more affected by the vulnerable economic and labor conditions of their families, male students were more affected by the lack of availability of space and equipment to attend online classes at home. Since the most economically disadvantaged students experience higher rates of anxiety and depression, particularly among women, this could have medium and long-term effects in terms of economic and gender inequality. These findings highlight the need for specific prevention and intervention initiatives to alleviate anxiety and depression.

Positive personal characteristics such as happiness or wellbeing can motivate students to elevate their school performance in higher education. Orientation to happiness is a construct that combines three sources of happiness: pleasure, meaning, and engagement, all of which have been identified as a predictor of university students' engagement. However, most research in this area has been conducted during ideal situations or face-to-face education, and no crosscountry research has been published examining the relationship between these two concepts during the COVID-19 era, where online education was predominant. This study aimed to investigate the relation between orientation to happiness and student engagement after twelve months of distance education in a sample of 1723 students from six American countries, including the USA, Mexico, El Salvador, Colombia, Peru, and the Dominican Republic. Results indicate that university students' engagement is influenced by the orientation to happiness. Further implications of these results are discussed.

The present action-research study analyzes students' basic perceptions about the use of the Flipped Classroom as part of their EFL class in a Mexican technical high school. To this end, 47 5th semester students took two versions of a survey, which combined provided an understanding of their views after having taken part of a six-week intervention. The intervention focused on what is typically considered the most challenging topic of the semester: the simple past and its functions included in the official syllabus. On the one hand, the 'flipped' part of the lessons was divided into before and after-class online activities following a set of principles for the Flipped Classroom, Communicative Language Teaching, and Multimedia Instruction. On the other hand, in-class activities focused on reviewing content and communicative oral practice. The Flipped Classroom was favorably regarded. Students perceived it as a technique to facilitate a rapid improvement of certain aspects of speaking performance, especially in regards to fluency, comprehension, and vocabulary.

This manuscript reports on a study carried out at a public university in southeast Mexico aimed to determine whether changes in the instructional design of an online English course benefit students' oral communicative competence. The research followed a quantitative quasi-experimental design that involved two groups of students. One of them took a modified version of an online English ii course that provided contextualized instruction of the syllabus language topics. This group's communicative competence was assessed online, which represented a major shift from the face-to-face assessments typically delivered to online groups. The results showed that online assessment is possible, and also that students' communicative competence improved and was directly related to the intervention.

Nowadays, the serious situation that affects the entire world goes beyond the social, cultural, economic problems and other conflicts that occur day by day. These were left aside to move to a global alert; we refer to the pandemic crisis that all the nations of the world are facing. Confinement forced people all over the world to stay at home; therefore, communications through electronic devices became very necessary. This study does not seek to analyze the pandemic crisis; its purpose is to analyze the use that students give to their mobile phone, to determine if this has generated addiction, in addition to identifying if use differs in men and in women. Participants were 184 high school students enrolled in a public sector institution in the Port of Veracruz, Mexico. To obtain the data, the SAS-CV test was used. This contains questions related to the profile of the respondent and 10 items in Likert format. It was distributed via electronic devices for their response. The data were statistically analyzed using polychoric correlation matrices and factor analysis with component extraction. The main findings demonstrate the obtaining of three components: physiological, dependence and distraction, which account for 68% of the total variance, and it was also shown that there are no differences by gender.

Mathematics is very important in the workplace. Companies, through mathematical models, can filter and interpret the data obtained from sales reports, customer feedback or web traffic, in order to improve the company's strategy and optimize processes and results. However, a problem arises: for the students who will soon enter the work force, mathematics generates anxiety and so, they try to avoid it. This study aims to examine whether there is a difference in university students regarding math anxiety in terms of gender, career, age and semester, as well as the causes of this anxiety. It is a study that is approached from the hypothetical-deductive and cross-sectional method. The sampling was simple random and it was made up by 343 college students from the majors of the administrative economic area. The instrument used is the scale designed by Auzmendi (1992), of which only the anxiety factor was used. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that anxiety towards mathematics is the same in men and women, there are no differences in relation to the age and major of the students, but there is a difference regarding the course that the student attends.

Purpose: The aim of this paper was to analyse the creative competence of students before and after a micro-learning experience carried out in a collaborative online international learning (COIL) environment between Spanish and Mexican university students in the field of education and entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach: A single-group quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures was adopted. The composition of the group was natural and included a total of 57 students who participated in the COIL experience. The duration was three weeks, where students from both countries were linked together in the development of a micro-learning project. The creativity self-efficacy scale was used as a data collection instrument. Findings: The micro-learning activities through COIL developed the creative competence of the participating students. In particular, the groups from both universities improved their scores on the creative competence in the post-test compared to the pre-test measure. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of this study were linked to the sample loss of some cases, as some students did not complete the post-test measure. The main implication of the study was to demonstrate that COIL experiences are suitable for developing certain skills in students, such as creative competence or co-operative work. Originality/value: COIL experiences break down the barriers of physical space and give students an active role, allowing them to fully develop competences and offering an intercultural perspective, which encourages open-mindedness and understanding of the world.

This main objective of this study is the measurement of financial literacy in college students from Mexico and Colombia, using an instrument that was designed based on the available literature review and which was applied to a sample of 224 students. It was possible to find slight differences between the two countries, but the results as a whole were concerning as they showed a low level of financial literacy in the analyzed population, specifically in the topics of retirement planning, inflation, credit (credit card usage), savings and investment and risk diversification. This paper also proposes a questionnaire considering seven financial topics which measures the level of financial literacy and can be replicated in other study populations. It is important to point out that college students are an important opportunity to focus the efforts on financial literacy, since they are in a crucial stage of their lives when they are beginning to get into the work force or will do so soon, which is why this information can be used in a near future and by having it they can use financial instruments in a proper manner and for their benefit, helping them to achieve their financial goals and avoid financial problems during their life, contributing to their future wellbeing and society in general.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the internal and external barriers experienced by university students of the Technological Institute of Sonora (ITSON) for the development of entrepreneurship. The study is focused on a sample of 733 students from the areas of engineering, administrative sciences, and social sciences. The field work was carried out during the months of May to September 2018. The controlled statistical technique for data analysis was the structural equation model (SEM) with the support of SMARTPLS software version 3.2.8. The results have revealed that internal creativity barriers are the ones that most negatively impact the entrepreneurial passion of ITSON university students. This research contributes to the development of entrepreneurship literature from the area of psychology and business sciences through planned behavior theory, cognitive theory, and self-determination.

Digital media are present in all areas of society, even configured as a new space for political socialization. This is especially applicable in the case of young people due to their high use of new technologies, as they are also trained with the necessary skills to do so. In this context, social networks have prompted the emergence of a new type of political participation: which takes place online. Therefore, this study delves into the relationship between the socialization that occurs in the network, digital skills and political participation online and offline. A quantitative survey-based methodology was used with university students from three Ibero-American countries: Mexico, Spain and Chile. The fieldwork was conducted between the months of December 2017 and June 2018. The results obtained show that young people consume mainly digital media, which does not prevent them from being critical with the quality they deserve. In this sense, the political participation actions in which they are involved are mostly developed in the network, thus participating to a lesser extent offline. Therefore, young people enter the world of politics through the consumption of information on the Internet, which favors a subsequent online political participation.

The purpose of this study is to describe the actions taken by college students to face their future retirement. For this, the test designed by the National Commission for the Protection and Defense of Financial Services Users (CONDUSEF) in Mexico was used, which has items related to financial knowledge, specifically topics about savings, emergency funds and life insurance, among others. The instrument was applied to 60 UPAV college students of different levels, during the school cycle of February-August 2018, in the city of Xalapa, Veracruz; it should be noted that the range of age was older than 21 but younger than 23 years old. The descriptive analysis showed results that lead us to believe that students have emergency funds (53%) but these are used to face unexpected situations (59%); also, students do not have life insurance, which could be concerning in their personal and family life if/when they have to face a present or future illness. Regarding car insurance, most of the respondents stated that they do not own one, besides considering it an unnecessary expense. One of the study limitations was the surveyed population; hence the need to widen this research to encompass more students from such geographical area in order to obtain a wider outlook of said behavior.

There is empirical evidence for a close link between positive personal components and students' engagement in academic activities. Personal well-being is a construct that can be studied from a variety of angles. Recent studies point to the relevance of orientation to happiness examining three types of well-being. The main objective of this study was to test the relationship that orientation to happiness has with university students' engagement at a public institution in northern Mexico. A stratified probabilistic sample of 266 students was employed. The internal consistency of the scales was analyzed using the SPSS package and a model of structural equations in the EQS program. Results indicated direct and significant relationship between the orientation to happiness and the students' engagement. This supports the importance of promoting positive factors in students to improve their academic and personal development.

Citizen science is increasingly popular for educating and engaging the public, but few studies test how to achieve individual outcomes including knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, particularly in the Global South. We operationalize the citizen science participation-behavior model for a hydrologic monitoring program in Mexico to evaluate how citizen science participation influences these outcomes. Volunteers were surveyed before, two weeks, and six months after the training, and semi-structured interviews were conducted six months post-training with volunteers and dropouts. While surveys showed that participation had limited impacts on knowledge, retrospective interviews revealed self-described differences in volunteer and dropout environmental identity, self-efficacy, and view of citizen science as a conservation activity. Results show participation spurred volunteers to engage in some activist behaviors. The study provides important evidence concerning the influence of citizen science participation in the Global South on behavioral outcomes and helps inform how to design and implement future citizen science programs.

The aim of the study was to measure the level of anxiety towards mathematics among workers in the production area of a factory in the sugar industry. In order to carry out this study, the Muñoz y Mato-Vázquez scale was used (2007) and adapted to the working area. 283 workers from the three different shifts (morning, afternoon and night) were surveyed. For the data analysis and the Exploratory Factorial Analysis technique was used. The reliability of the instrument was acceptable (a = .804 and .945), according to Hair, Anderson, Tatham and Black (1991). The results suggest that the worker experiences anxiety during the evaluation process that they perform as part of the procedures in the production area where math calculations are constantly being used, meaning that the working environment causes anxiety toward math. This is related to the insecurity they feel, mainly due to the level of knowledge they have in mathematics, derived from their schooling level.

Some basic financial topics such as savings and investment are important and required for a financially educated society. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify some characteristics that explain the savings habit of college students, as well as finding if this habit differs in relation to gender. For that purpose 60 students from the Universidad Popular Autónoma of Veracruz were surveyed and for data analysis, the statistical techniques used were Z scores to test population proportion and ANOVA to determine if there are differences by gender between the means. The main findings point to students having a savings habit, even though the amounts are minimal (< than $3,000.00 MXN ($160.00 USD) per month) and regarding gender differences, it was only proven that there is a difference in the variable INCOME, but not in the other three (Food Expenses, Mortgage Expenses and Savings).

In recent years concern about Mexican reading habits has increased. Statistics show short reading interest; an average Mexican reads 3.8 books a year [1]. As teachers, reading habits are important and reflect students' skills and academic performances. Many teachers would complain about students reading habits; it is considered to be non-existent. Teachers might say "students neither read nor write." Students lend and borrow books; questions rely on what are students reading? How do students understand what they know? A survey was carried out on a random sample of students from "Centro de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos" (CECyT) campus 11 "Wilfrido Massieu" and campus 15 "Diódoro Antúnez Echegaray" belonging to Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), to know readings and motivations. Quantitative methodologies with an exploratory range were applied. Results; students mostly read books from which North American movies based on, best and long seller books and pdf formats. A workshop was brought about, four sessions per month, to discuss each book, themes, and students' perceptions. Monitors were teachers from different areas and school subjects. Teacher's prejudices interfered on student's discussions and opinions. Reading is a complicated process; it is developed from previous stages. Resume doing, as the primary objective, impedes students from comprehending all information.

The aim of this study was to determine the variables that explain the anxiety towards mathematics in college students. For this purpose, we used the scale RMARS that integrate 25 items. The sample is non-probabilistic by convenience and the questionnaire was applied to 100 student's enrollment in the "Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz" (ITVER). Exploratory factorial analysis with component extraction was used for data measurement. The internal consistency of the test was a = 0.911. The Bartlett's test of Sphericity with KMO (0.857), chi-square test X[superscript 2] with 276 "df" (1404.084) and significance p < 0.000 as well as the values of MSA tending to 1, show a significant result that allow us reject null hypothesis Ho. The percentage of the 65.62% variance is explained by five components. The result shows that anxiety in the ITVER students is explained by a five factors model and not by the tridimensional model as stated by Richardson y Suinn.

Background: There is a significant gap between the prevalence of child and adolescent mental illness in Mexico and access to mental health services, especially those that are evidence-based. School-based interventions can significantly narrow this gap. Objective: The study evaluated the effectiveness of the interventions "Dejando Huellitas en tu Vida" (Leaving Traces on Your Life [Huellitas]) and "Criando con Amor, Promoviendo Armonía y Superación en México" (Raising Children with Love, Promoting Harmony and Self-Improvement [CAPAS-Mx]). Methods: Participants were 215 caregivers (M[subscript age] = 38.4 years, SD = 8.9, 82.9% women) and 202 children (M[subscript age] = 8.6 years, SD = 1.3, 44.06% girls) from four public schools randomly assigned to four experimental conditions (Huellitas, CAPAS-Mx, Huellitas-CAPAS-Mx, and Control) with pre-test and post-test assessments. Results: Caregivers in the multicomponent condition reported significantly lower scores in child externalizing problems and higher scores in discipline, skills encouragement, social adaptation, emotional control and prosocial behavior than caregivers in the control group. There were also improvements in parents' use of effective discipline and skills encouragement in the CAPAS-Mx group over the control group. Among the children, only those in the Huellitas condition showed a decrease in mediation. Conclusions: Findings support the implementation of the multicomponent intervention in public school settings.

To identify the concordance between the nutritional status of preschoolers and the maternal perception of the children's nutritional status and physical appearance, a cross-sectional study was conducted and included 165 randomly selected preschoolers. The BMI-for-age was calculated in the preschoolers and their mothers were asked to give their verbal and visual perception of the nutritional status of their children. The BMI status of the preschoolers was low weight in 2.4%, normal weight in 87.3%, and overweight in 10.3%. Mothers erroneously perceived well-nourished children as being low-weight, both verbally (p = 0.71) and visually (p = 0.61), but their perception of overweight was adequate in most cases. Children with normal weight are mistakenly perceived by their mothers as having low weight, both verbally and visually. The maternal perception of overweight children was better than low weight and mothers of children with high BMIs had adequate perception.

This paper sets forth the idea that a critical aspect of the socialization process of Mexican communities is to maintain and carry-out traditional knowledge passed down from generations of indigenous ancestors. The relationship between Mexican communities and the land creates a window through which we can see how traditional indigenous knowledge has been institutionalized and is practiced today. Accordingly, we use the concept of an "inhabited place" as the macro unit of analysis. "Inhabited places" are considered as primary artifacts of culture as they are more than a physical space and a location. As such, inhabited "places" are products of human organization. "Inhabited places" accumulate and reflect evidence of the different people who have occupied and transformed a "place" making it a historical and emotive legacy. In addition, we associate the concept of "inhabited places" with two focal points: (a) place as a producer of food and (b) the traditional indigenous practices of collection and consumption of natural edible vegetation. Associating the concept of "inhabited place" along with our two focal points of production and consumption, helps us to frame ways in which our Mexican ancestral humans constructed and developed their "sense of place" as well as the importance of sharing a legacy of knowledge that contributed to the survival and health of humans yesterday and today. We use the term natural edible vegetation instead of wild vegetables because we recognize that the notion of wild vegetables is a conceptual term developed by today's science disciplines and as a discrete flora category was not, per se, part of the indigenous ancestral knowledge base. As such, using the term natural edible vegetation helps us, as authors, to engage in a reflexive and comparative analysis between agricultural endeavors of yesterday and today. Thus, using ancestral knowledge as an analytical lens allows us to identify a network of relationships between humans, and localized natural edible vegetation. Specifically, analyzing cultural manifestations associated with the socialization and the relationship between survival and natural edible vegetation is a way to access the knowledge and literacy of individuals and to strengthen institutionalized ancestral knowledge that has been passed on and still in practice today.

This paper discusses the background, current situation and challenges of educational integration and inclusive education in Mexico and Chile. These countries obtained similar low results on the academic achievement of their students (Mexico last and Chile second last) among OECD countries; and above average scores, among Latin-American countries. In both countries educational integration began as a consequence of legal changes mandating that students with special educational needs (SEN) be attended in regular schools. School financial systems in Mexico and Chile are very different. In Mexico, educational services are predominantly public, while in Chile the state provides subsidies for students to attend both public and private schools. These differences have had an impact in educational integration procedures. In Mexico, students with special educational needs are served by special education professionals affiliated to the schools. In Chile, school principals hire, with the subvention provided by the government, specialists to offer support to the students enrolled. In both countries, educational integration has benefited integrated students. However, many adjustments still need to be made in both countries in order to install more adequate inclusive processes.

A group of university students used a variety of personal portable devices (cellphones, tablets, laptops, and netbooks) which distracted them in English class. This qualitative action research aimed to implement activities entailing the use of such devices and to learn their impact on students' learning and the use of English in class. Thus, a series of applications was used to promote the use of these devices for the benefit of the English as a Foreign Language class. These applications included a learning management system that resembled a social network, a live interaction application, and an online dictionary. It was found that students were able to productively use these devices as learning tools plus they expressed comfort and interest in using them.

Introduction: The school is a suitable space in which the interrelationships between students come together in one place, where basic rules of coexistence and learning society through the acquisition and practice of socio-cultural codes. However, these learning can be seen undermined by situations of school violence and that interfere with the peaceful environment that are intended to create to carry out tasks of learning and coexistence, may reach degrade the relationships of those involved in those areas; While there are many characteristics of the actors involved in such situations of violence, the "primary" stakeholders are those who attack (aggressors) and who receives the aggression (victims), forming a binary relationship to each other, constitu-leaving the center of the attack. Method: Based on the item response theory by Rasch calibration reagents, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The scales of victims and aggressors are validated, which were measured in public middle school with young people aged 12 to 17 years old; both scales formed 12 Likert items that measure the perception of students. Results. Psychometric parameters obtained for confirmatory model of victims are suitable. The results show two dimensions on both scales, in the suffering of victims, "verbal violence/relational" and "physical/social violence", while the aggressors "verbal violence/physical" and "sexual violence/relational". Discussion and Conclusion: It was found that both scales match in removing reagents that deal with: physical violence against the property of others, sexual violence related to touch the private parts of other people and relational violence referred to submission of others to do or not to do something; It discussed from conception of the culture of silence. We conclude that the scales analyzed together are suitable for use in subsequent analyzes psychometric tests.

Effective planning for community health partnerships requires understanding how initial readiness--that is, contextual factors and capacity--influences implementation of activities and programs. This study compares the context and capacity of drug and violence prevention coalitions in Mexico to those in the United States. Measures of coalition context include community problems, community leadership style, and sense of community. Measures of coalition capacity include the existence of collaborative partnerships and coalition champions. The assessment was completed by 195 members of 9 coalitions in Mexico and 139 members of 7 coalitions in the United States. Psychometric analyses indicate the measures have moderate to strong internal consistency, along with good convergent and discriminant validity in both settings. Results indicate that members of Mexican coalitions perceive substantially more serious community problems, especially with respect to education, law enforcement, and access to alcohol and drugs. Compared to respondents in the United States, Mexican respondents perceive sense of community to be weaker and that prevention efforts are not as valued by the population where the coalitions are located. The Mexican coalitions appear to be operating in a substantially more challenging environment for the prevention of violence and substance use. Their ability to manage these challenges will likely play a large role in determining whether they are successful in their prevention efforts. The context and capacity assessment is a valuable tool that coalitions can use in order to identify and address initial barriers to success.

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Previous studies have suggested that the ability to remember contextual information related to specific episodic experiences declines with advancing age; however, the exact moment in the adult life span when this deficit begins is still controversial. Source memory for spatial information was tested in a life span sample of 1,500 adults between the ages of 21 and 80. Initially, images of common objects were randomly presented on one quadrant of a screen while the participants judged whether they were natural or artificial. During the retrieval phase, these same images were mixed with new ones, and all images were displayed in the center of the screen. The participants were asked to judge whether each image was new or old, and whether it was old, to indicate in which quadrant of the screen it had originally been presented. Source accuracy decreased linearly with advancing age at a rate of -0.6% per year across all decades even after controlling for educational level; this decline was unaffected by sex. These results reveal that either spatial information becomes less efficiently bound to episodic representations over time or that the ability to retrieve this information decreases gradually throughout the adult life span. (Contains 7 tables and 4 figures.)

The study was carried out with students of official doctoral programs of Information Science in four universities in Spain and Latin America with the purpose of finding out, through self-assessments, student perceptions of their own information competence. A survey was designed to determine self-perceptions of knowledge, skills and attitudes regarding information competence, and it was distributed to students of two universities in Spain, one in Cuba and one in Mexico. Student perceptions of the levels of their own information competence in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes are, in general, high. Nevertheless, despite being immersed in research processes that require these information competencies, they recognize that they are lacking in certain skills related to the organization, evaluation and presentation of information. Having a self-assessment that identifies those areas of information competence in which students consider themselves to be weak will be a significant help in planning activities designed to strengthen these areas in doctoral programs. (Contains 5 tables and 1 figure.)

Objective: Determine the relationship between psychological and physical violence, exerted by fathers and/or mothers, and inter- or extra-familiar sexual violence with risk for consuming tobacco, alcohol and drugs among adolescents. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out with students in two secondary schools in Mexico City. A total of 936 students participated: 54.3% males and 45.7% females, ranging between 12 and 16 years of age. A self-administered questionnaire was applied. This included Straus' Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales, as well as instruments to evaluate sexual violence and substance use, among other components. Results: Over half of the adolescents reported psychological or physical violence exerted by their parents, and 1 in 10, sexual violence. The proportion of use of the 3 substances was similar in both sexes. Logistic regression analysis for males showed that psychological violence, exerted by either parent, implied twice the risk for the victims to use tobacco. For males, having suffered sexual violence increased the risk of consuming drugs various times. For females, being a victim of multiple forms of violence within the family increased the risk of consuming tobacco, alcohol and drugs notably, in comparison to non-victims. Conclusions: Treatment programs for young people who have suffered family violence should consider adolescence not only as a stage of vulnerability for substance use but also as a critical time to implement preventive measures. For these measures, a joint strategy for both parents and adolescents should be considered, not only to stop the violence but also warn the parents about the serious consequences of the same.

There is evidence that science teachers give naive responses to direct questions about the nature of science. However, there is also evidence that such responses underpredict the more sophisticated knowledge that teachers may use in classroom situations. The purpose of this study was to characterize the informal ideas used by teachers in situations directly relevant to their teaching of science. The sample comprised 50 Mexican primary school teachers. Three areas of informal expertise were addressed: scientists and their work; scientific inquiry; and data measurement. The teachers' thinking was explored through questionnaires and semistructured interviews using pedagogically relevant contexts. The database was analyzed first to describe ideas shared by teachers and second to identify any recurrent themes and patterns among responses. Teachers' responses were characterized around four areas of discourse: demarcation of science; scientific procedures; approaches to reliable knowledge; and professional and institutional features of science. The teachers' responses were diverse in their "contextualization," that is, they incorporated specific background and contextual details to a different extent. Most responses showed limited or intermediate contextualization across all four areas of discourse, though some more sophisticated responses were noted. A general framework was developed to characterize this diversity in teachers' responses. This paper concludes with a discussion of the extent to which this sample of teachers was equipped to discuss the nature of science in pedagogical contexts and, given their starting points, how they might be supported in developing their expertise in doing this. Implications for teacher education and curriculum development are presented. (Contains 2 tables.)

The use of qualitative analysis software has become extremely popular over the recent years; educational researchers now have a range of tools at their disposal, from the ubiquitous word processor to more specialized computer packages. This paper deals with the use of CAQDAS (computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software) in educational research. We discuss its use in the context of two interview-based pieces of research. The first study explored the effectiveness of a governmental initiative with respect to teacher engagement and commitment, using MAX[subscript QDA] to examine interviews. The second study looked at teachers' science-related representations, where NVivo was used to analyse the data. The discussion puts forward the idea that CAQDAS is of great help and can enhance interview data analysis; however, careful and critical assessment of computer packages is encouraged. Their capabilities must not be overestimated, since computers are still unable to perform an independent rational process or substitute the analyst's capacities. (Contains 2 figures and 1 table.)

Lymphoblastic leukemia is the leading cause of cancer in the Mexican population under 18 years old. On a global scale, Mexico has the highest mortality rate for this age group. Despite this, the specific causes of the disease remain uncertain. It has been well- documented that there is an association between air pollution (indoor and outdoor) and exposure to pesticides, which can increase the risk of developing the disease. In Mexico, few studies have been conducted to identify the environmental risk factors, with only 10% of cases having a genetic origin. Traditionally, environmental health issues have been addressed by controlling a single pollutant or exposure. However, in today's complex environmental landscape, innovative and holistic solutions are required that address not only a single pollutant or exposure, but also the multifactorial effects of the environment and environmental change on human health, as well as the systems that guide those effects. It is also necessary to consider individual, local, national, and international factors. This work aims to present a tool designed to facilitate surveillance and tracking of diseases against risk factors in Mexico's territory. The tool aims to identify disease clusters, small area problems, potential environmental hazards, etc. and is specifically designed for health professionals to rapidly perform exploratory investigations to generate solid decision-making within health systems. This work also explains how public health decision-makers can use this application to gain insights that can drive public health actions, reduce exposure, and prevent the occurrence of disease more precisely and efficiently in cost-effective ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Seguridad Ciudadana is the property of FLACSO - Ecuador (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of EURE is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Narratives used by parents in Mexican working-class families to motivate their children to study are examined for the advice offered and parental attitudes about the importance of school. The integration of contemporary pressures about the value of schooling is investigated, as well as the ways in which the value of schooling is being reconstructed and transmitted across new generations. (Contains 25 references.) (Author/TD)

Copyright of Historia Constitucional is the property of Revista Historia Constitucional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Universitaria is the property of Universidad de Guanajuato/Acta Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In resource-constrained settings, data regarding breast cancer patients' adherence to endocrine therapy (ET) and physicians' prescribing practices is limited. This study aims to decrease this knowledge gap in a real-world clinical practice. Premenopausal women with stage 0-III hormone-sensitive breast cancer and receiving adjuvant ET during the past 1–5 years were identified in three Mexican referral centers. Participants' self-reported ET compliance, clinicopathologic characteristics, ET-related knowledge and beliefs, experienced adverse effects, social support, and patient-physician relationships were evaluated. Physician ET prescribing practices were compared with the gold standard according to international and national guidelines to assess clinicians' adherence to standard-of-care prescription. In total, 95/132 (72%) and 35/132 (27%) participants reported complete and acceptable adherence, respectively. Incomplete adherence was mainly attributed to forgetfulness, adverse effects, and unwillingness to take ET. Being employed/studying (p = 0.042), worrying about long-term ET use (p = 0.031), and experiencing >7 ET-related symptoms (p = 0.018) were associated with incomplete adherence. Guideline-endorsed regimens were prescribed in 84/132 (64%) patients, while the rest should have undergone ovarian function suppression (OFS) but instead received tamoxifen monotherapy. Premenopausal Mexican women self-report remarkably high rates of adequate ET adherence. However, a considerable proportion misses ≥1 doses/month, usually because of forgetfulness. Notably, only 64% receive standard-of-care ET due to suboptimal prescription of OFS. Interventions that remind patients to take their ET, refine physicians' knowledge on the importance of OFS in high-risk patients, and increase access to OFS could prove pivotal to enhance optimal ET implementation and adherence, which could translate into improved patient outcomes. • 72% of premenopausal patients had complete (100%) endocrine therapy adherence. • 27% of premenopausal patients had acceptable (80-99%) endocrine therapy adherence. • Incomplete adherence to endocrine therapy was mostly due to forgetfulness. • Physicians prescribed guideline-endorsed endocrine therapy in 64% of cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Societe et Environnement is the property of Les Presses Agronomiques de Gembloux and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although several studies have evaluated online learning tools and resources, few have investigated how useful they are to students. This topic became even more relevant with "emergency remote learning" due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present study was conducted at a state educational institution in Mexico that offers five university degrees. The objective was to differentiate the importance of online learning resources by degree and by employment status of the students. This quantitative, relational, cross-sectional study included 969 participants. Jamovi, SPSS, and RStudio were used to calculate descriptive statistics and to perform the Scheirer-Ray-Hare and Friedman tests. The results showed that the most important learning resources are lesson recordings, teacher explanations, instructional materials, and online demonstrations, whereas the least important are exams, videos, homework, and projects. These findings were consistent across the five degrees among students who are employed and those who are not. The results suggest that educational resources should be used according to their importance for student learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthropogenic changes pose a significant threat to global biodiversity, especially in reptiles. Mexico, renowned for its diverse reptile population, is experiencing habitat disturbance and fragmentation, endangering rattlesnakes in particular due to their specific habitat requirements and limited mobility. The loss of structural connectivity further increases the risk of extinction for reptiles. Our study focuses on predicting the distribution and connectivity of nine Crotalus species in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB), using environmental modeling. We used climate models (CNRM-CM5 and MPI-ESM-LR) for the year 2050 and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP 85) alongside changes in vegetation cover and land use. The Maxent modeling method in ENMeval helped assess distribution patterns and to identify key environmental variables influencing these species' distributions and niche overlap. We also conducted an analysis of the structural connectivity of the different Crotalus species. Our findings indicate reductions in suitable habitats due to changes in agriculture, urbanization, and forest cover. The Maxent models showed high accuracy in predicting species distributions. The most influential variables varied among species and included forest types and climatic factors. We observed limited connectivity among small Crotalus species, although some species exhibited greater connectivity than others. Future models suggest potential distribution reductions for all species, with C. armstrongi facing the greatest reduction (78%) according to the cn85 global climate model. Protected areas do not encompass the majority of potential distribution for these small rattlesnake species. These findings highlight the urgency of conservation efforts and the need to mitigate the impacts of future environmental changes on reptile populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Seguridad Ciudadana is the property of FLACSO - Ecuador (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Universitaria is the property of Universidad de Guanajuato/Acta Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)